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EK-DEFEB-PS-002
May 1991
96 pages
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Document:
DECbridge 500/600 Problem Solving Guide
Order Number:
EK-DEFEB-PS
Revision:
002
Pages:
96
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OCR Text
DECbridge 500/600 Series Problem Solving Order Number: EK-DEFEB-PS-002 NOTICE – Class 1 Laser Device: The lasers in this equipment are Class 1 devices, compliant with CDRH Rules 21, CFR Subchapter J, Part 1040.10, at date of manufacture. Class 1 laser devices are not considered to be hazardous. NOTICE – Class A Computing Device: This equipment generates, uses, and may emit radio frequency energy. The equipment has been type tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A computing device pursuant to Subpart J of Part 15 of FCC Rules, which are designed to provide reasonable protection against such radio frequency interference when operated in a commercial environment. Operation of this equipment in a residential area may cause interference; in which case, measures taken to correct the interference are at the user’s expense. CAUTION The people who install the cabling system described in this guide should be familiar with local building codes, fire codes, and any other applicable codes or regulations. The manufacturers or their distributors and agents will not be responsible for damage due to improperly installed cabling, neglect, misuse, or improper connection of devices to the cabling system. 1 DECbridge 500/600 Series Problem Solving July 1991 This manual describes how to troubleshoot and service the DECbridge 500/600 series. It is intended for qualified service personnel who will be repairing the bridge to the field-replaceable unit level. Supersession/Update Information: Order Number: EK-DEFEB-PS-002 This is a revised manual. EK–DEFEB-PS-002 JULY 1991 The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should not be construed as a commitment by Digital Equipment Corporation. Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document. Copyright 1991 by Digital Equipment Corporation All Rights Reserved. Printed in U.S.A. The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation: DEBET DEC DEC FDDIcontroller DECbridge DECconcentrator DECconnect DECelms DECmcc DECnet DECstation DECUS DECwindows DELNI DESTA LAN Traffic Monitor PDP ThinWire TURBOchannel ULTRIX UNIBUS VAX VAXcluster VAXstation VMS This manual was produced by Telecommunications and Networks Publications. Contents Safety Preface 1 Introduction 1.1 2 General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–1 Problem Solving 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4.1 2.4.2 2.4.3 2.4.4 2.4.5 2.4.6 2.4.6.1 2.4.6.2 2.4.6.3 2.4.6.4 2.4.6.5 2.4.7 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Normal Power Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Self-Test Diagnostics (Overview) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recommended Approach to Problem Solving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Problem-Solving Tools and Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Running the Self-Test Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Visually Inspecting the Bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interpreting the LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . If the Problem Still Exists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Performing Loopback Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Preparing the Unit for Loopback Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installing the FDDI Loopback Connector(s) . . . . . . . . . . . Installing the NI Loopback Connector(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Running the Loopback Test and Observing the Results . . . Returning to Normal Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Measuring the FI Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2–1 2–2 2–4 2–5 2–6 2–6 2–6 2–9 2–13 2–18 2–18 2–19 2–20 2–22 2–22 2–23 iii 3 Removal and Replacement Procedures 3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 Preparing the Bridge for Servicing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 Removing and Replacing the FRUs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.1 Tools Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.2 Removing and Replacing Logic Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.2.1 Removing Logic Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.2.2 Replacing Logic Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.3 Removing and Replacing the Card Cage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.3.1 Removing the Card Cage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.3.2 Replacing the Card Cage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.4 Removing and Replacing the Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.4.1 Removing the Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.4.2 Replacing the Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.5 Removing and Replacing the Fan Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.5.1 Removing the Fan Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.5.2 Replacing the Fan Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.6 Removing and Replacing the Backplane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.6.1 Removing the Backplane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3.6.2 Replacing the Backplane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Technical Information 4.1 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 4.3.3 4.3.4 4.3.5 iv 3–1 3–3 3–5 3–5 3–5 3–6 3–7 3–9 3–9 3–10 3–11 3–11 3–12 3–13 3–14 3–15 3–15 3–16 3–16 Physical Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DECbridge 500/600 Series Switches and Indicators . . . . . . . . . Circuit Breaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configuration Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Block Diagram Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AP2 (or AP) Module Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . QM Module Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FI Module Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NI Module Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4–1 4–3 4–4 4–4 4–6 4–9 4–10 4–10 4–10 4–11 4–11 4.3.5.1 Power Supply Shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.5.2 Thermal Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.5.3 DC OK Output Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3.6 Fan Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4 Product Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4.1 Physical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4.2 Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4.3 Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.4.4 Cabling Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Configuration Guidelines A.1 A.2 A.3 A.3.1 A.3.2 B General Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bridge-to-FDDI Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bridge-to-802.3/Ethernet Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AUI Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ThinWire Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A–1 A–1 A–2 A–2 A–4 FDDI Connection Information B.1 B.2 C 4–12 4–12 4–12 4–13 4–14 4–14 4–14 4–15 4–16 FDDI Connection Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FDDI Connector Keying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B–1 B–3 Related Documents Index Figures 1–1 1–2 2–1 2–2 2–3 DECbridge 500/600 Series in a Sample Configuration . . . . . . . Typical DECbridge 500/600 Series Unit (I/O Panel) . . . . . . . . . LED Indicators After Power Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Visually Inspecting the Bridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Problem Solving a Power-Off Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–1 1–3 2–3 2–7 2–14 v 2–4 2–5 2–6 2–7 2–8 3–1 3–2 3–3 3–4 3–5 3–6 3–7 4–1 4–2 4–3 B–1 B–2 Problem Solving the FDDI Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installing the FDDI Loopback Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Installing the NI Loopback Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Measuring the FI Transmit Power (Multimode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . Measuring the FI Receive Power (Multimode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . DECbridge 500/600 Series Field-Replaceable Units . . . . . . . . . Power Cord and Interface Cable Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logic Module Removal and Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Card Cage Removal and Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Power Supply Removal and Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fan Assembly Removal and Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Backplane Removal and Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Typical DECbridge 500/600 Series Unit (I/O Panel) . . . . . . . . . Switches and Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Simplified Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FDDI Connection Rules Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FDDI Connector Keying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2–15 2–19 2–21 2–24 2–25 3–2 3–4 3–7 3–10 3–12 3–14 3–17 4–1 4–3 4–9 B–1 B–3 DECbridge 500/600 Series Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logic Modules used in the DECbridge 500/600 Series . . . . . . . Problem Solving Via the LEDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . FDDI Transmit and Receive Power Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . Field-Replaceable Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Configuration Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LED Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Physical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Environmental Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cable Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–2 1–4 2–9 2–26 3–3 4–4 4–6 4–14 4–14 4–15 4–16 Tables 1–1 1–2 2–1 2–2 3–1 4–1 4–2 4–3 4–4 4–5 4–6 vi Safety ! Any warning or caution that appears in this manual is defined as follows: Warning Contains information to prevent personal injury. Caution Contains information to prevent damage to equipment. Vorsicht Enthält Informationen, die beachtet werden müssen, um den Benutzer vor Schaden zu bewahren. Achtung Enthält Informationen, die beachtet werden müssen, um die Geräte vor Schaden zu bewahren. Danger Signale les informations destinées à prévenir les accidents corporels. Attention Signale les informations destinées à prévenir la détérioration du matériel. Aviso Contiene información para evitar daños personales. Precaucion Contiene información para evitar daños al equipo. vii The warnings and cautions that must be observed for the hardware described in this manual are listed below in English, German, French, and Spanish. The pages on which these safety messages appear are also listed. WARNING ! To remove power from the unit, disconnect the power cord. Do not apply power to the unit unless the card cage assembly is fully inserted in the bridge enclosure. VORSICHT Schließen Sie das Gerät nicht an das Stromnetz an, solange das Kartenmagazin nicht vollständig in das Gehäuse eingeschoben ist. Ein Netzschalter ist nicht vorhanden! Um die Stromzufuhr zu unterbrechen, müssen Sie das Netzkabel aus der Steckdose ziehen. DANGER Avant de mettre l’appareil sous tension, assurez-vous que le panier est complètement enfoncé dans le boîtier. Pour mettre l’appareil hors tension, débranchez le cordon d’alimentation. AVISO No permita que llegue suministro eléctrico a la unidad, a menos que el módulo de ensamblamiento de tarjetas esté completamente insertado en la carcasa del puente. Para ello, desconecte el cable de alimentación. WARNING ! A safety earth ground wire has been incorporated into this product through the plug cap of the ac power cord. For continued protection against the risk of electrical shock, this product must be connected to a three-wire wall receptacle that has its grounding terminal reliably connected to the building’s safety earth ground. VORSICHT Das Stromkabel in diesem Gerät ist mit einem Schutzleiter versehen. Um optimale Sicherheit zu gewährleisten, dürfen Sie es nur an eineordnungsgemäß geerdete Schuko-Steckdose anschließen. DANGER Cet équipement est mis à la terre au moyen du fil de terre du cordon d’alimentation secteur. Afin d’assurer une protection efficace contre tout risque d’électrocution, cet équipement doit être raccordé à une prise secteur équipée d’un contact de mise à la terre effectivement relié à la terre secteur du bâtiment. AVISO Este producto incorpora un cable de tierra de seguridad mediante el enchufe trifásico del cable de alimentación. Para evitar el riesgo de descargas eléctricas, este producto debe estar conectado a un receptáculotrifásico de pared que tenga su terminal de tierra debidamente conectado a la toma de tierra de seguridad del edificio. viii WARNING ! Lethal exposed voltages exist in the power supply. Therefore, always disconnect the ac power cord before removing or replacing any FRUs. Do not apply power to the bridge unless the card cage is fully inserted in the bridge enclosure. Only qualified service engineers should perform any FRU removal and replacement procedures. (Pages 3-1, 3-5, 3-11, 3-13, 3-15) VORSICHT Die Spannung im Netzteil ist lebensgefährlich. Ziehen Sie immer zuerst das Netzkabel aus der Wandsteckdose, wenn Sie FRUs entfernen oder austauschen müssen. Schließen Sie das Gerät nicht an das Stromnetz an, solange das Kartenmagazin nicht vollständig in das Gehäuse eingeschoben ist. FRUs dürfen nur von qualifiziertem Wartungspersonal entfernt oder ausgetauscht werden. DANGER Le module d’alimentation comporte des connexions non isolées soumises à des tensions dangereuses. Afin d’éviter tout risque d’électrocution, prenez soin de débrancher le cordon d’alimentation avant toute intervention sur les composants internes de l’appareil. Avant de mettre l’appareil sous tension, assurez-vous que le panier est complètement enfoncé dans le boîtier. Seuls les techniciens de maintenance qualifiés sont habilités à effectuer les opérations de dépose et de pose des unités remplaçables. AVISO Debido a la existencia de alta tensión en el suministro eléctrico, desconecte siempre el cable de alimentación retirando o reemplazando los FRU. Corte la alimentación eléctrica que llega al puente, a menos que el módulo de tarjetas esté completamente insertado en la carcasa del puente. Los procedimientos de retirada y sustitución de los FRU debe llevarlos a cabo únicamente personal altamente cualificado. WARNING ! Some countries require that only authorized personnel be allowed to connect and disconnect power to the unit. (Page 3–1) VORSICHT In einigen Ländern dürfen Elektrogeräte nur von entprechend ausgebildetem Personal, beispielsweise Elektrikern, installiert werden. Prüfen Sie, ob das in Ihrem Land zutrifft. DANGER Assurez-vous que la législation vous autorise bien à effectuer les branchements sur le secteur. AVISO Algunos países requieren que sólo sea personal autorizado quien conecte o desconecte la alimentación eléctrica que llega a la unidad. ix ! WARNING Some fiber optic equipment can emit laser light that can injure your eyes. Never look into an optical fiber, connector, or connector port. (Page 3-4) VORSICHT Schauen Sie niemals direkt in ein Glasfaserkabel oder einen Glasfaseranschluß. Die Laserstrahlen in faseroptischen Geräten können Augenverletzungen verursachen. DANGER Certains équipements utilisant les fibres optiques peuvent émettre des rayonnement laser dangereux pour les yeux. Ne vous avisez jamais de regarder par l’extrémité d’une fibre optique ou dans l’ouverture d’un connecteur. Considérez toujours que le câble est relié à une source lumineuse. AVISO Algunos equipos de fibra óptica emiten radiaciones láser que pueden dañar la vista. Nunca mire directamente a un conector o puerta de conector de fibraóptica. CAUTION ! Modules in the bridge can be damaged by electrostatic discharges (ESD). When working inside the unit, always use a grounded wrist strap (ESD strap) and a grounded work surface. A wrist strap, ground wire, and table pad are included in the field service kit (P/N 29-11762-00). (Page 3-5) ACHTUNG Die Module können durch elektrostatische Entladungen beschädigt werden. Benutzen Sie immer eine antistatische Gelenkmanschette und eine geerdete Arbeitsunterlage, wenn Sie am offenen Gerät arbeiten. Der Antistatikkit für das Wartungspersonal enthält eine antistatische Gelenkmanschette, Schutzleiterdraht und eine Antistatikmatte. Ein Antistatikkit ist bei DECdirekt unter der Bestellnummer 29-11762-00 erhältlich. ATTENTION Les charges excessives d’électricité statique peuvent endommager les modules et les composants électroniques. Lors de la manipulation des modules et des composants internes, utilisez toujours le bracelet de masse et le plan de travail antistatique livrés avec le kit d’entretien (Réf. 29-11762-00). x PRECAUCION CAUTION ! Los módulos del puente pueden ser dañados por descargas electroestáticas (ESD). Cuando se trabaje dentro de la unidad, use una muñequera antiestática y una superficie de trabajo conectadas ambas a tierra. En el juego de reparación (P/N 29-11762-00) se incluye una muñequera antiestática, un cable de tierra y una tabla. These logic modules have components on both sides of the board. Removing or inserting a module at a slight angle can damage it. (Page 3-6) ACHTUNG An beiden Seiten der Karte befinden sich logische Module. Achten Sie darauf, daß Module absolut waagrecht entfernt oder eingebaut werden müssen, da sonst die Karte beschädigt werden kann. ATTENTION Ces cartes comportent des composants sur les deux faces. Afin d’éviter tout risque de détérioration, veillez à respecter l’alignement lors des opérations de dépose et de repose. PRECAUCION Estos módulos lógicos tienen componentes en ambas partes de la placa. Si se retira o inserta un módulo en un ángulo indebido, la placa puede quedar dañada. CAUTION ! Do not leave the card cage partially withdrawn for servicing. Remove it completely from the enclosure and set it down on a horizontal surface. (Page 3-9) ACHTUNG Wenn Sie Wartungsarbeiten durchführen, müssen Sie das Kartenmagazin entfernen und auf eine ebene Fläche stellen. Es genügt nicht, das Kartenmagazin teilweise herauszuziehen. ATTENTION Lors des opérations d’entretien, ne laissez pas le panier à demi sorti, mais retirez-le complètement du boîtier et posez-le sur un plan de travail horizontal. PRECAUCION No deje el módulo de tarjetas sacado sólo en parte. Retírelo completamente de la carcasa y póngalo en una superficie horizontal cuando vaya a trabajar con él. xi CAUTION ! The card cage weighs approximately 11 kg (24 pounds). Support it well and handle it carefully during removal to avoid dropping it. (Page 3-9) ACHTUNG Wenn Sie das Kartenmagazin entfernen, bedenken Sie, daß es 11 kg wiegt. Stützen Sie es mit einer Hand von unten ab, und achten Sie darauf, daß es nicht auf den Boden fällt. ATTENTION Le panier pèse environ 11 kg. Manipulez-le avec précaution lors des opérations de dépose. PRECAUCION El módulo de tarjetas pesa aproximadamente 11 kilos. Sujételo con firmeza y manéjelo con cuidado durante su retirada, para evitar su caída al suelo. xii Preface This manual describes how to troubleshoot and service the DECbridge 500/600 series of bridges. Information includes a product overview and list of the various models, problem-solving methods, removal and replacement procedures, and guidelines for configuring the units. Intended Audience This manual is intended primarily for qualified service personnel who will be repairing the bridge to the field-replaceable unit level. The manual also contains general information about the DECbridge 500/600 series that can be useful to Digital Equipment Corporation training, services, and manufacturing personnel, as well as system/network managers. All procedures that deal with opening the unit for any reason are intended solely for service personnel who have been trained to perform product maintenance and repair. Knowledge of Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) and IEEE 802.3/Ethernet is a prerequisite for using this manual effectively. Document Structure This document has four chapters and three appendixes, as follows: Chapter 1 Briefly introduces the various models of the DECbridge 500/600 series and compares their similarities and differences. Chapter 2 Presents an approach to solving problems with the bridge. This includes a description of a normal power-up sequence, an overview of the self-test diagnostics, troubleshooting charts, and procedures for performing loopback tests. xiii Chapter 3 Describes how to remove and replace all field-replaceable units (FRUs). Chapter 4 Contains technical information about the DECbridge 500/600 series. Includes a description of the product; a list of major assemblies, switches, and indicators; and a summary of the bridge specifications. Appendix A Presents configuration guidelines for connecting the bridge to an FDDI and an IEEE 802.3/Ethernet network. Appendix B Describes the FDDI connection rules and the keying of FDDI connectors. Appendix C Contains a list of related documents that can be ordered from Digital Equipment Corporation. xiv 1 Introduction 1.1 General Description The DECbridge 500/600 series units (shown in Figure 1–1) provide the interconnection between a 100-Mb/s Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) network and up to three 10-Mb/s IEEE 802.3/Ethernet network segments. Figure 1–1: DECbridge 500/600 Series in a Sample Configuration FDDI network DECbridge 62x DECconcentrator 500 DAS 100 Mb/s SAS DECbridge 51x 10 Mb/s IEEE 802.3/Ethernet network segments LKG–5056–91I 1–1 These bridges are store-and-forward devices. That is, they receive and store packets from the FDDI ring and IEEE 802.3/Ethernet network segments, then selectively filter (discard) the packets or forward them to the appropriate network. As shown in Table 1–1, various network interfaces are available, depending on the particular bridge model. Table 1–1: Model DECbridge 500/600 Series Units Option # No. of FDDI NI Ports Connection FDDI Optics 500 DEFEB-AA/AB 1 SAS Multimode 510 518 DEFEB-AC/AD DEFEB-AS/AT 1 1 SAS SAS Multimode Single-mode 520 524 526 528 DEFEB-DA/DB DEFEB-DP/DQ DEFEB-DM/DN DEFEB-DS/DT 1 1 1 1 DAS DAS DAS DAS Multimode (Port A/Port B) Single-mode (Port A) / Multimode (Port B) Multimode (Port A) / Single-mode (Port B) Single-mode (Port A/Port B) 600 DEFEB-UC/UD 3 None Null 610 618 DEFEB-TA/TB DEFEB-TS/TT 3 3 SAS SAS Multimode Single-mode 620 624 626 628 DEFEB-LA/LB DEFEB-LP/LQ DEFEB-LM/LN DEFEB-LS/LT 3 3 3 3 DAS DAS DAS DAS Multimode Single-mode (Port A) / Multimode (Port B) Multimode (Port A) / Single-mode (Port B) Single-mode FDDI Interfaces: • A single attachment station (SAS) with one connector or a dual attachment station (DAS) with two connectors. Each connector can be either multimode or single-mode. The DAS multimode versions also have a relay driver to control an optional optical bypass relay. • A null interface that provides no connection to the FDDI network. 1–2 DECbridge 500/600 Series Problem Solving IEEE 802.3/Ethernet (NI) Interfaces: • A single AUI/ThinWire (switch-selectable) port • Three independent AUI ports Figure 1–2 shows the major assemblies and user interfaces in a typical DECbridge 500/600 series unit. Note that the number and type of interface connectors may differ depending on the model: • DAS bridges have two FDDI connectors, SAS bridges have one FDDI connector, and the DECbridge 600 model has no FDDI connector. • All DECbridge 500 series models have an AUI connector and a ThinWire connector (switch-selectable) for the single IEEE 802.3/Ethernet interface. The DECbridge 600 series models all have three AUI connectors. NOTE The DECbridge 510 shown in Figure 1–2 is representative of the DECbridge 500/600 series. However, the number and type of interface connectors differs in the various models, as described in the previous text. Figure 1–2: Typical DECbridge 500/600 Series Unit (I/O Panel) Model number Circuit breaker ThinWire connector (Port 2) AC power connector Serial number Address label AUI connector (Port 2) AP NI FI Module I.D. FDDI connector (Port 1) QM Configuration switches LKG-5112–91I Introduction 1–3 All DECbridge 500/600 series units contain four logic modules: • AP or AP2 (Application Processor) module • NI or NI(3) (Network Interface) module • FI (Fiber Interface) module with various types of interfaces • QM (Queue Manager) module Table 1–2 shows the four logic modules contained in each bridge model. NOTE In this manual, the terms AP and NI are used as general references to the Application Processor and Network Interface modules. The terms AP2 and NI(3) are used only when referring specifically to those two modules. Table 1–2: Logic Modules used in the DECbridge 500/600 Series Model AP Module NI Module QM Module FI Module 500 510 518 AP AP2 AP2 NI NI NI QM QM QM FI (SAS, MM) FI (SAS, MM) FI (SAS, SM) 520 524 526 528 AP2 AP2 AP2 AP2 NI NI NI NI QM QM QM QM FI (DAS, MM) FI (DAS, SM-A, MM-B) FI (DAS, MM-A, SM-B) FI (DAS, SM) 600 610 618 AP2 AP2 AP2 NI(3) NI(3) NI(3) QM QM QM FI (Null) FI (SAS, MM) FI (SAS, SM) 620 624 626 628 AP2 AP2 AP2 AP2 NI(3) NI(3) NI(3) NI(3) QM QM QM QM FI (DAS, MM) FI (DAS, SM-A, MM-B) FI (DAS, MM-A, SM-B) FI (DAS, SM) Legend: SAS – Single attachment station DAS – Dual attachment station MM – Multimode SM – Single-mode A and B – DAS interface connectors 1–4 DECbridge 500/600 Series Problem Solving 2 Problem Solving 2.1 Introduction This chapter describes several problem-solving procedures that can help diagnose failures and isolate faulty field-replaceable units (FRUs) in the DECbridge 500/600 series. To aid you in this task, the DECbridge 500/600 series contains the following problem-solving features: • A comprehensive self-test program that executes automatically on power up, and can also be invoked remotely by the network management software. • Local LED indicators that provide information on FRU status, LAN activity, port states, network interface selection (AUI or ThinWire), IEEE 802.3/Ethernet transceiver power, and FDDI physical connection state. Note that LED information can be read remotely using the network management software. • A DIP switch that can restore bridge parameters to their factory settings. Section 2.2 describes how the bridge reacts to a normal power-up operation when no faults are detected by the self-test diagnostics. The remaining sections in this chapter describe how to interpret the results of the diagnostics when faults are detected. 2–1 2.2 Normal Power Up When power is first applied to the bridge, a series of self-test diagnostics, resident on the AP/AP2 module, is performed. These tests verify the operation of the bridge hardware before calling the operating system firmware and connecting the bridge to the network. When self-test begins, all LED indicators on the bridge I/O panel are momentarily turned on for a lamp check. During this time a core test is performed to check the core hardware on the AP/AP2 module (microprocessor, bus, and some of the memory). Upon successful completion of the core test, the indicators are turned off and the AP module tests each of the four logic modules, in sequence. (Note: If all indicators remain on after the lamp check, the core test could have failed and is unable to turn off the LEDs.) The self-test diagnostic takes up to 1 minute to complete, during which time the indicators will turn on and off according to the testing sequence. If the tests detect a failure in an FRU, that FRU_BAD indicator turns on and the remaining modules are tested. This ensures that the fault indicators on each module will accurately reflect the state of that module, when self-test is complete. If the tests detect an incompatibility between any of the firmware and the hardware, the FRU_BAD indicator for that logic module will blink. If no faults were detected during self-test, the MODE indicator turns on. The bridge then enters a preforwarding state for approximately 30 seconds, during which time spanning tree computations are performed and the bridge database is established. After the preforwarding delay and after the FI connection is established, the state of the indicators should be as shown in Figure 2–1. (Refer to Chapter 4 for a description of the indicators.) 2–2 DECbridge 500/600 Problem Solving Figure 2–1: LED Indicators After Power Up AP2 NI FI QM LED Indicators AP 2 NI 2 AUI NI(3) 2 3 4 Null FI SAS 1 DAS 1 PHY 1 PHY 1 A PHY 2 B QM Legend – On – Off – On or Off – Flashing LKG-5057–91I Problem Solving 2–3 • The five FRU_BAD indicators will be off (one for each logic module and one for the fan assembly), indicating that no FRU failures were detected. • The following indicators will be on (solid green): – MODE indicates that self-test is complete. – DC_OK indicates that the power supply is OK. – EXT_PWR indicates that the AUI transceiver power is OK. – After approximately 30 seconds, the FWD indicator will turn on for each port ready to forward packets. (If a port is in BACKUP state, that port’s FWD indicator remains off.) • The PHY_1 indicator (and PHY_2 on DAS models) will blink (green) until the fiber interface connection is complete, then turn on (solid green). (This assumes that the bridge is properly connected to the FDDI network.) • On any DECbridge 500 series unit, the AUI_SELECT indicator will be on (solid green) if the bridge uses the AUI connection to the network, and off if the bridge uses the ThinWire connection. (Configuration switch 8 in the ON position selects the AUI interface, and in the OFF position selects the ThinWire interface.) • All ACT indicators can be on (yellow), off, or flashing as packets are transmitted and received over each network segment. If the bridge is not operational, the MODE indicator will remain off and one or more of the FRU fault indicators (AP_BAD, QM_BAD, and so on.) will be on. 2.3 Self-Test Diagnostics (Overview) The ROM-based self-test diagnostics used by the DECbridge 500/600 series consist of a core test followed by a series of more extensive tests to check each of the four logic modules in the bridge. The core test verifies that the hardware needed to run the diagnostics is functioning properly. This core test checks the microprocessor and associated address decode and bus control, the AP bus, and some of the AP or AP2 module memory, including a CRC test of the code in the EPROM and EEPROM. 2–4 DECbridge 500/600 Problem Solving Once the core test establishes that the hardware can perform basic operations, more extensive tests for the logic modules are executed. When the entire self-test is complete (approximately 1 minute), FRU pass/fail indications are given by the state of the indicators on the I/O panel. If the diagnostics detect no fatal errors, the operational firmware is called to begin normal bridge operation. The self-test diagnostics can be initiated in any of three ways: • Locally by turning the ac power off for greater than 15 seconds, then back on • Remotely through the network management software • Internally by the operational firmware The self-test diagnostics have two modes of operation: normal mode and manufacturing mode. These modes are selectable by configuration switch 1 on the I/O panel (see Chapter 4). Only normal mode should be used in the field. Manufacturing mode is designed for use in a manufacturing environment or repair station. 2.4 Recommended Approach to Problem Solving Once you determine that a fault exists in the bridge hardware, you can approach the problem-solving task as follows: 1. Rerun the self-test diagnostics to verify the failure. 2. Visually inspect the bridge. 3. Check the state of the LEDs on the bridge for fault indications. 4. Perform port testing, if necessary. NOTE The system/network manager should always keep a record of current bridge management parameters. This makes it possible to recover parameters that may be lost if an NVRAM reset occurs during problem solving. Recording bridge parameters requires access to a network node that contains network management software. Problem Solving 2–5 2.4.1 Problem-Solving Tools and Components The following equipment is used to test the DECbridge 500/600 series: • Unattenuated FDDI loopback connector (P/N 12-32005-01) for FDDI multimode port • Single mode attenuated loopback connector (P/N 12-34830-01) • AUI loopback connector(s) (P/N 12-32005-01) • T-connector (P/N 12-25869-01) and terminators (P/N 12-26318-01) for loopback on the ThinWire port (not needed for DECbridge 600 series) • SDU optical power meter kit (P/N 29-28384-01) 2.4.2 Running the Self-Test Diagnostics When the self-test diagnostics detect a failure in the bridge (or you suspect a failure), rerun self-test to verify that the failure can be repeated. You can run self-test locally by turning ac power to the bridge off for at least 15 seconds, then turning it back on. 2.4.3 Visually Inspecting the Bridge Before performing in-depth problem-solving procedures such as replacing assemblies or removing cables, use the following checklist (and refer to Figure 2–2) to ensure that an easily overlooked problem is not causing the faulty operation of the bridge: 2–6 • Ensure that the power cord is properly connected both at the bridge and at the ac outlet. • Ensure that the appropriate power is available at the ac outlet. • Ensure that the circuit breaker (located on the bridge I/O panel) has not tripped. If it has, press the white button to reset the breaker. If it trips again, power problems may exist. • Ensure that the fans are running (the FAN_BAD indicator should be off). If they are not, an overtemperature condition may have induced a logic module failure or a power supply problem. DECbridge 500/600 Problem Solving Figure 2–2: Problem Solving Visually Inspecting the Bridge 2–7 • 2–8 Check that the bridge’s configuration switches are set correctly (see Chapter 4). In particular, make sure that: – The Manufacturing Mode switch (switch 1) is in the OFF (up) position. – The Enable External Loopback switch (switch 7) is in the OFF (up) position if you are not performing external loopback tests. – The AUI/ThinWire switch (switch 8) in a DECbridge 500 series unit is in the ON (down) position if the AUI interface is used, or in the OFF (up) position if the ThinWire interface is used. • Ensure that the interface cable connections are secure. The FDDI cable connector(s) must be pushed securely into place in the bridge connector(s). The AUI cable connector locks in place with a slide latch. Push the slide latch to the left to make sure it snaps in the locking position. Make sure the BNC connectors used by the ThinWire interface cable are twisted securely in place. Also, make sure the proper termination is used. • For single-mode connections, ensure that the transmit and receive cables are not reversed. • Ensure that the FDDI connections follow the rules specified in Appendix B. • Ensure that all the logic modules are seated firmly in their backplane connectors and that the ejector levers for each module are pushed inward (locking position). • Consider possible environmental problems such as power fluctuations or high ambient temperature. DECbridge 500/600 Problem Solving 2.4.4 Interpreting the LED Indicators Pass/fail results from the diagnostics are displayed on the LED indicators. Table 2–1 lists typical LED displays for various error conditions, along with probable causes and suggested corrective actions. The flow chart in Figure 2–3 indicates steps you can take to determine why a bridge is in the powered-down state. The flowchart in Figure 2–4 describes how to troubleshoot the FDDI interface. For more information on loopback testing, refer to Section 2.4.6. For replacement procedures of field-replaceable units (FRUs), refer to Chapter 3. Table 2–1: Problem Solving Via the LEDs NOTE Always turn off power before removing and replacing any of the FRUs. Symptom Probable Cause Corrective Actions Module(s) are not properly seated Remove and reseat the logic modules (Section 3.3.2). Bad module(s) Replace the logic module(s) containing the unlit LED(s) (Section 3.3.2). Power cord disconnected Ensure that the power cord is connected to the bridge and to the ac outlet. Circuit breaker tripped Reset the breaker. If it continues to trip, a more serious problem is indicated. Faulty power cord Check the cord continuity and replace if necessary. General: One or more LEDs do not light during lamp test. All LEDs are off. Power at wall outlet. Check the ac outlet circuit breaker. Verify that correct power is available at the outlet. Move the power cord to another outlet. Blown power connector fuse Problem Solving In some countries, the connector to the ac outlet contains a fuse. Replace if necessary. If the fuse continues to blow, it indicates a more serious problem. 2–9 Table 2–1 (Cont.): Problem Solving Via the LEDs Symptom Probable Cause Corrective Actions All LEDs are off (cont.). Bad fan or overtemperature condition Remove ac power for at least 15 seconds, then reapply. If LEDs work properly for a few minutes, then all turn off again, replace the fan assembly. Defective module Remove NI, FI, and QM modules. Rerun self-test and check LEDs on the AP module. If AP LEDs are OK, replace other modules (one at a time) and retest each time until the defective module is identified. Replace the defective module. If the AP LEDs remain off when only the AP module is in the unit, replace the AP module and retest. Defective power supply If the LEDs still remain off after all previous actions have been taken, replace the power supply (Section 3.3.4). All LEDs remain on. Core test failure Replace the AP module (Section 3.3.2). AP_BAD, NI_BAD, FI_BAD, QM_BAD all remain on. Module connections Reseat all the logic modules in their connectors. AP_BAD, NI_BAD, FI_BAD, QM_BAD all blinking. AP module failed Replace the AP module (Section 3.3.2). Bad backplane Replace the backplane (Section 3.3.6). Improper upgrade Return the unit to its original configuration. AP module failed self-test diagnostic Replace the AP module (Section 3.3.2). NVRAM error Reset module to factory defaults (switch 2). Incompatible firmware loaded Replace the AP module with one containing a compatible firmware revision (Section 3.3.2). AP/AP2 Module LEDs: AP_BAD remains on. AP_BAD blinking. 2–10 DECbridge 500/600 Problem Solving Table 2–1 (Cont.): Problem Solving Via the LEDs Symptom Probable Cause Corrective Actions FAN FAULT on. Fan connections Check fan cable connections at the power supply. Fan failure Replace fan assembly (Section 3.3.5). Fan power failure Replace power supply module (Section 3.3.4). Power supply fault. Replace power supply module (Section 3.3.4). External Loopback switch Check the Enable External Loopback switch. The switch must be in the OFF (up) position for normal bridge operation. DC_OK off. NI Module LEDs: NI_BAD remains on (and AP_BAD is off). Defective NI module Replace the NI module (Section 3.3.2). FI module is causing Replace the FI module (Section 3.3.2). NI module to fail NI_BAD blinking. Incompatible firmware loaded Load compatible firmware. FWDn blinking. Port n in broken state Check the external connection to the NI port. Perform external loopback tests. Check the transceiver or DELNI (if AUI is selected). FWDn off. Port n in preforward- Wait 1 minute and verify that the bridge goes into ing or backup state forwarding state, indicating proper bridge operation. Check line costs and enabling state using management software. Check the spanning tree topology using network management software. EXT_PWR_OK off. AUI cable Check the AUI cable(s) for a short by temporarily removing each cable and observing if the LED turns on. If it does, check the cable and the transceiver at the other end of the cable. Defective NI module Replace the NI module (Section 3.3.2). EXT_PWR_OK off (and DC_OK off). Problem Solving 12 V power supply Replace the power supply module. 2–11 Table 2–1 (Cont.): Problem Solving Via the LEDs Symptom Probable Cause Corrective Actions FI_BAD remains on (and AP_BAD is off). External Loopback switch Check the Enable External Loopback switch. The switch must be in the OFF (up) position for normal bridge operation. (and PHY_1 or 2 red). Port broken Perform loopback test, as described in Section 2.4.6. If port is OK during loopback test, check transmit and receive power, as described in Section 2.4.7. Bad FI module Replace the FI module (Section 3.3.2). FI_BAD blinking. Incompatible firmware loaded Load compatible firmware or replace the AP module with one containing a compatible firmware revision (Section 3.3.2). FWD1 blinking green. FI port in broken state Perform loopback test, as described in Section 2.4.6. FWD1 off. FI Port in preforwarding or backup state Wait 1 minute and verify that the bridge goes into forwarding state, indicating proper bridge operation. FI Module LEDs: Check line costs and enable state using network management software. Check the spanning tree topology using network management software. PHY_1 or 2 remains off. Bad LED Replace FI module. PHY_1 blinking red (SAS bridges). Bad module or cable Install the FI loopback connector. If this corrects the problem, check the interface cable. If this does not correct the problem, replace the FI module (and the AP module, if necessary). PHY_1 or PHY_2 blinking red (DAS bridges). Illegal topology Notify the system manager. Reconfigure the cable connections or ring topology. 2–12 DECbridge 500/600 Problem Solving Table 2–1 (Cont.): Problem Solving Via the LEDs Symptom Probable Cause Corrective Actions PHY_1 or 2 solid red (and FI_BAD off). Port failed Line Confidence Test (LCT) Test is continuously repeated at 0.5, 5, and 50 second intervals until it passes. If error condition persists, perform loopback test, as described in Section 2.4.6. Also check optical power. PHY_1 or 2 blinking green. Connection in progress Connection may take up to 1 minute to achieve. PHY_1 or 2 remaining in this state may be caused by very poor signal quality. Make sure the cable is fully connected and the connecting unit on the far end is powered up. If PHY_1 or 2 is still blinking green, perform the loopback test, as described in Section 2.4.6. QM Module LEDs: QM_BAD remains on (and AP_BAD is off). QM module failed self-test diagnostic Replace the QM module (Section 3.3.2). FI module is causing Replace the FI module (Section 3.3.2). QM module to fail QM_BAD blinking. Incompatible firmware loaded Load compatible firmware or replace the AP module with one containing a compatible firmware revision (Section 3.3.2). 2.4.5 If the Problem Still Exists If none of the corrective actions shown in Table 2–1 solves the problem, try the following additional steps: 1. Reset the NVRAM by placing switch 2 to the ON (down) position and cycling the ac power off, then back on. This will clear the memory and restore default parameters for the bridge. 2. Replace all four logic modules in the unit with known good modules. If the failure disappears, reinsert the modules you’ve just removed, one at a time, until the problem returns. Then, replace that module with a good module. Problem Solving 2–13 Figure 2–3: Problem Solving a Power-Off Condition Bridge power is off (all LEDs are off). Ensure that power cord is connected to a live AC outlet. Circuit breaker tripped? Yes Reset it. If it trips again, replace the power supply and retest. Yes Replace power supply and retest. No Remove power cord for 15 sec, then reapply. Do all LEDs remain off during lamp check? No Does FAN_BAD LED stay on? Yes DC_OK LED on? No No Do all LEDs return to normal state after selftest? No Solve the problem condition indicated by the LEDs. Yes Check error log for cause of shutdown. Yes Replace fan assembly and retest. Replace power supply and retest. Any indication found in log? No Yes Log indicates fan failure? No Yes Possible over-temperature in power supply. Check for obstructions at inlet/outlet grills and for hot environment. Replace fan assembly and retest. Solve the problem condition indicated in the error log. LKG–5058–91I 2–14 DECbridge 500/600 Problem Solving Figure 2–4: Problem Solving the FDDI Interface A PHY_n solid green ? No Yes Normal condition, end problem solving. Cycle power and wait for self-test to complete. FI_BAD on ? Yes No Loopback switch enabled ? No Yes Loopback connector installed ? Yes No Install loopback connector. Replace FI board. PHY_n off ? Yes Bad LED. Replace FI module. No PHY_n blinking red ? Yes On a DAS, check for illegal topology (Appendix B). On a SAS, run loopback test. If OK, check cable. If cable is OK, replace FI module, and if necessary, AP module. No PHY_n on (solid red) ? Yes No PHY_n blinking green ? No A Yes Wait 1 minute. PHY_n Yes Check still blinking connection. green ? No PHY_n still blinking green ? No Yes B Loopback Test LKG–5116–91I Problem Solving 2–15 Figure 2–4 (Cont.): Problem Solving the FDDI Interface Loopback Test B A Turn power off. Install loopback connectors and set loopback switch on (Section 2.4.5). Turn power on and wait about 1 minute for self-test to complete. FI_BAD on ? Yes Replace FI module and retest. No Remove loopback connectors and reset loopback switch to off. Measure Tx power to and from the bridge (Section 2.4.7). Record both measurements. Tx power OK ? No Replace FI module and retest. Yes C LKG–4117–91I 2–16 DECbridge 500/600 Problem Solving Figure 2–4 (Cont.): Problem Solving the FDDI Interface C Rx power OK ? Yes Reconnect FI and NI cables. No If you have not already done so, replace FI module and retest. If failure persists, a network topology problem may exist. Contact your system/ network manager. Reconnect FI and NI cables (Verify Rx power and cable loss.) Go to upstream station and verify its operation. Detect any failures ? A Yes Replace failed module. No Calculate cable loss (Section 2.4.7). Cable loss out of spec ? Yes Repair/replace cable. No Verify that you are checking both ends of the same cable and have correctly identified the ring topology. LKG–5118–91I Problem Solving 2–17 2.4.6 Performing Loopback Testing If diagnostic results indicate a port interface problem, you can perform a loopback test on that interface to help determine if the fault is in the bridge itself, in the interface cable, or in the device connected to the bridge. Special loopback connectors supplied with the bridge must be installed on each port. Each connector routes the transmitter output of that port back to the receiver input. NOTE When performing port loopback testing, always place loopback connectors on all the interface ports. During loopback testing, if the FI port fails self-test, the FI_BAD indicator will turn on. If any of the NI or NI(3) ports fail self-test, the NI_BAD indicator will turn on. (Note that on a DECbridge 500 series unit, both the AUI and ThinWire interfaces are tested but only the selected interface has any effect on the NI_BAD indicator.). If an optional optical bypass switch is installed, the self-test diagnostics also check the relay driver on the FI module. NOTE If you have an optional optical bypass relay installed, this test will switch the relay. This could adversely affect the bypassed network. 2.4.6.1 Preparing the Unit for Loopback Testing Prior to installing the loopback connectors: 1. Disconnect the bridge power cord from the ac outlet. 2. Set the Enable External Loopback switch (switch 7) to the ON (down) position. 2–18 DECbridge 500/600 Problem Solving 2.4.6.2 Installing the FDDI Loopback Connector(s) SAS units have one FDDI connector; DAS units have two. Depending on the model, these connectors may be multimode or single-mode. Be sure to install the proper loopback connectors for your particular unit, as shown in Figure 2–5. Figure 2–5: Installing the FDDI Loopback Connectors Single-mode attenuated loopback connector Multimode loopback connector LKG–4867–91I Problem Solving 2–19 To install the FDDI loopback connector(s): 1. Disconnect the FDDI cable(s) from the FI module. 2. Install the appropriate loopback connector(s) for that model: – For multimode interfaces, install the multimode loopback connector(s) (P/N 12–32005–01). – For single-mode interfaces, install the single-mode loopback connector(s) (P/N 12–34830–01). NOTE If a loopback connector is not installed and the Enable External Loopback switch is ON, self-test will fail. 2.4.6.3 Installing the NI Loopback Connector(s) DECbridge 500 series units have a single switch-selectable AUI/ThinWire interface. DECbridge 600 series units have three separate AUI interfaces. To install the NI loopback connector(s): 1. Disconnect the interface cable(s) from the NI or NI(3) module. 2. Install the appropriate loopback connector(s) for that model, as shown in Figure 2–6: – For AUI interfaces, install the AUI loopback connector (P/N 12–22196–01). – For a ThinWire interface, install the T-connector (P/N 12-25869-01) and terminator (P/N 12-26318-01). 3. On DECbridge 500 series units, verify that the AUI/ThinWire switch (configuration switch 8) is in the correct position: ON (down) for testing the AUI interface and OFF (up) for testing the ThinWire interface. 2–20 DECbridge 500/600 Problem Solving Figure 2–6: Installing the NI Loopback Connectors Push slide latch firmly in place to lock connector in place. Tabs Slots LKG-4868-91I Problem Solving 2–21 2.4.6.4 Running the Loopback Test and Observing the Results 1. Reconnect the power cord to the ac outlet. 2. Observe the state of the LED indicators on the FI module after the self-test diagnostic is complete. – If the FI port fault disappears (that is, if the FI_BAD indicator turns off, measure the transmit power and receive power at the bridge using the SDU power meter (Section 2.4.7). If the power levels are within specification, reconnect the interface cables and rerun the bridge self-test. – If the FI port fault indication persists, the problem is in the bridge. Make sure the FI module is fully seated. Replace it if necessary. 3. Observe the state of the NI_BAD indicator on the NI module. 2.4.6.5 – If the NI_BAD indicator turns off, the problem is external to the bridge. Check the interface cable and the device connected to the other end of the cable. The LED on the loopback connector should be on. – If the NI_BAD indicator remains on, the problem is in the bridge. Make sure the NI module is fully seated. Replace it if necessary. Returning to Normal Operation When you have completed loopback testing of the ports, follow these steps to return the bridge to normal operation: 1. Disconnect the power cord from the ac outlet. 2. Set the Enable External Loopback switch (switch 7) to the OFF (up) position. 3. Remove the FI loopback connector and reconnect the FI interface cable(s). 4. Remove the NI loopback connector from the NI interface selected by the AUI/ThinWire switch, and reconnect the NI interface cable to that port. 5. Reconnect the power cord to the ac outlet. 2–22 DECbridge 500/600 Problem Solving 2.4.7 Measuring the FI Power If a failure in the FI port disappears when an FI loopback test is performed, check the optical signals into and out of the port to determine if they are within specifications. To measure the power levels of the transmit and receive optical signals at the bridge, use the SDU optical power meter kit (P/N 29-28384-01). This kit contains an optical power meter, a receive cable, and cleaning pads. To make the measurements, perform the following six steps: NOTE If measuring power at a simplex connector (ST), both the transmit and receive cables must be disconnected in order to get a proper light-signal pattern and observe correct power readings. 1. Make sure the bridge is in normal operating mode by placing the External Loopback switch (switch 7) to the OFF (up) position and removing the loopback connector from the FI port (if one is installed). 2. Set up the optical power meter as follows: a. Remove the protective cap from the input test head. b. Turn on the meter by pressing the ON/OFF switch. c. Use the λ select switch to select the 1300-nm wavelength range. The wavelength value will appear on the LCD display. 3. To ensure a clean test connection, remove the protective caps from the test cable connectors and use a cleaning pad to wipe the connector faces. 4. To measure the power of the fiber optic signal transmitted by the bridge, refer to Figure 2–7 and follow these steps: a. Connect the FDDI connector end of the receive cable to the FI port receptacle on the bridge. b. The other end of the receive cable has two leads (and fiber optic connectors). The lead with the arrow pointing towards the connector carries the transmit signal from the bridge. Plug this lead into the test head of the meter. Problem Solving 2–23 c. The power level of the transmit signal will be displayed on the meter. Record the value in Table 2–2. d. Disconnect the receive cable from the bridge and from the meter. Figure 2–7: Measuring the FI Transmit Power (Multimode) Tester (receive) cable Transmit signal (from bridge) On/Off Wavelength select LKG–5062–90I 5. To measure the power of the fiber optic signal received by the bridge, refer to Figure 2–8 and follow these steps: a. Move the power meter close to the FDDI cable that normally plugs into the FI port of the bridge. 2–24 DECbridge 500/600 Problem Solving b. Plug the output connector on that cable into the test head of the meter. (Note: The output connector is the smaller of the two connectors on the cable.) Figure 2–8: Measuring the FI Receive Power (Multimode) Normal connection FDDI cable to bridge Receive signal (to bridge) LKG–5063–90I c. The power level of the receive signal will be displayed on the meter. Record the value in Table 2–2. NOTE If there is no reading when you perform step 5-c, you could be checking the wrong connector (that is, the input connector rather than the output). If this occurs, measure power at the other connector. Problem Solving 2–25 Table 2–2 shows a sample table that you can use to record the receive and transmit power for the bridge (station A) and for the upstream device (station B). You can also use the table to record the cable loss between the two stations (the transmit power at one station minus the receive power at its downstream station). 6. Check the recorded values against the specifications given below. If either measurement falls outside the given range, that optical signal is not within specifications. Refer to the flow chart in Figure 2–4 for recommended corrective actions. Multimode: – Power level of the transmit signal must be between –14.5 and –19.5 dBm. – Power level of the receive signal must be between –14.5 and –30.5 dBm. Single-mode: – Power level of the transmit signal must be between –2.5 and –7.5 dBm. – Power level of the receive signal must be between –14.5 and –29.5 dBm. Table 2–2: Tx Power STA __________ dBm STB __________ dBm Rx Power STB __________ dBm STA __________ dBm Loss 2–26 FDDI Transmit and Receive Power Calculation __________ dBm __________ dBm DECbridge 500/600 Problem Solving 3 Removal and Replacement Procedures 3.1 Introduction This chapter contains removal and replacement procedures for the field-replaceable units (FRUs) in the DECbridge 500/600 series units. The modular design of these bridges allows quick removal and replacement of defective components. The replaceable components are shown in Figure 3–1. The maintenance strategy is to replace defective components to the field-replaceable unit (FRU) level. Table 3–1 lists the FRUs in the DECbridge 500/600 series and their Digital part numbers. WARNING ! Lethal exposed voltages exist in the power supply. Therefore, always disconnect the ac power cord before removing or replacing any FRUs. Do not apply power to the bridge unless the card cage is fully inserted in the bridge enclosure. Only qualified service engineers should perform any FRU removal and replacement procedures. Some countries require that only authorized personnel be allowed to connect and disconnect power to the unit. 3–1 Figure 3–1: DECbridge 500/600 Series Field-Replaceable Units Bridge enclosure* Backplane Power supply module Card cage assembly* Fan assembly AP/AP2 module NI/NI(3) module FI module Not a field-replaceable unit QM module LKG-5064-90I 3–2 DECbridge 500/600 Problem Solving Table 3–1: Field-Replaceable Units FRU Digital Part Number Models Used On AP module 54-19375-01 DECbridge 500 only AP2 module 54-19375-02 All models except DECbridge 500 NI module 54-19373-01 All DECbridge 500 series NI(3) module 54-19409-01 All DECbridge 600 series 54-19369-01 54-19369-02 54-19369-03 54-19369-05 DECbridge 500, 510, 610 DECbridge 520, 620 DECbridge 518, 618 DECbridge 524, 624 FI modules -SAS multimode -DAS multimode (A and B) -SAS single-mode -DAS single-mode (A) multimode (B) -DAS multimode (A) single-mode (B) -DAS single-mode (A and B) -Null 54-19369-04 DECbridge 526, 626 54-19369-06 54-19369-09 DECbridge 528, 628 DECbridge 600 QM module 54-19371-01 All models Backplane 54-19377-01 All models Power supply 30-32524-01 All models Fan assembly 70-27394-01 All models 3.2 Preparing the Bridge for Servicing Follow these steps before performing any servicing procedures on the bridge. 1. Remove power to the bridge by unplugging the power cord from the ac outlet and then from the bridge, as shown in Figure 3–2. 2. Disconnect the interface cable(s) from the NI module. Note that the AUI cable connector locks into place with a slide latch (see Figure 3–2). To remove the AUI cable, push the slide latch to the right to unlock the connector. To remove the ThinWire cable, push in and rotate the connector a quarter turn. 3. Remove the fiber optic cable(s) from the FI module. If you have a protective cover available, place it on the fiber optic connector to protect it against dust. Removal and Replacement Procedures 3–3 WARNING ! Some fiber optic equipment can emit laser light that can injure your eyes. Never look into an optical fiber, connector, or connector port. Figure 3–2: Power Cord and Interface Cable Removal Power cord ThinWire T–connector Single-mode fiber optic cable AUI cable ThinWire cable LKG-5120-91A 3–4 DECbridge 500/600 Problem Solving 3.3 Removing and Replacing the FRUs Logic modules are removed directly from the bridge and do not require the prior removal of any other assembly. The removal of the other FRUs requires first removing the card cage assembly from the bridge enclosure for access. WARNING ! Lethal exposed voltages exist in the power supply. Therefore, always disconnect the ac power cord before removing or replacing any FRUs. Do not apply power to the bridge unless the card cage is fully inserted in the bridge enclosure. Only qualified service engineers should perform any FRU removal and replacement procedures. CAUTION ! Modules in the bridge can be damaged by electrostatic discharges (ESD). When working inside the unit, always use a grounded wrist strap (ESD strap) and a grounded work surface. A wrist strap, ground wire, and table pad are included in the field service kit (P/N 29-11762-00). 3.3.1 Tools Required The only equipment required to remove and replace FRUs is a #2 Phillips-head screwdriver and the ESD strap mentioned in the CAUTION note above. 3.3.2 Removing and Replacing Logic Modules This section describes how to remove and replace any of the four logic modules in the bridge. Removal and Replacement Procedures 3–5 3.3.2.1 Removing Logic Modules To remove any of the four logic modules, refer to Figure 3–3 and follow these steps: NOTE Before removing the AP/AP2 module, record the existing switch settings on that module so that you can set the switches on the replacement module to the appropriate positions. Also, use the network management software to record bridge parameter settings and the firmware version prior to replacing the AP/AP2 module. CAUTION ! The logic modules have components on both sides of the module. Removing or inserting a module at a slight angle can damage it. 1. Remove ac power to the bridge and disconnect all interface cables (Section 3.2). 2. Attach the ESD ground strap to your wrist and to the unit. 3. Using a #2 Phillips-head screwdriver, loosen the quarter-turn fastener on each side of the module. Push in and turn the screwdriver one-quarter turn counterclockwise. The fastener will pop out when unlocked. 4. Swing the two ejector levers on the module outward to the unlocked position. 5. Carefully slide the module straight out of the card cage. Be careful not to let the components on the bottom of the module scrape against the ejector levers of the module below it. 3–6 DECbridge 500/600 Problem Solving Figure 3–3: Logic Module Removal and Replacement Quarter-turn Quarter-turn fastener (2) AP/AP2 module NI/NI(3) module Ejector lever (2) FI module QM module Locked Unlocked LKG-5067–91I 3.3.2.2 Replacing Logic Modules To make sure you have the correct replacement module, check the name of that module on the left side of the module handle. (The revision level is shown on the right side of the handle.) The card-cage slots are also labeled, as shown in Figure 3–3. Each module is keyed so that it can be locked in place only if it is in the proper slot. Trying to force a module into the wrong slot may damage the keys. Removal and Replacement Procedures 3–7 To replace a logic module, refer to Figure 3–3 and follow these steps: 1. Verify that the replacement module is at the same revision or a higher revision than the failed module. 2. If an AP/AP2 module is being replaced: – Make sure the switches on the replacement AP module are set to the same positions as the switches on the removed AP module. – Since the AP module contains the address ROM(s) for the bridge, the physical address of the bridge changes when the AP module is replaced. An address label on the module lists the new address. 3. Remove ac power to the bridge, disconnect all interface cables, and attach the ESD ground strap to your wrist and to the bridge (Section 3.2). 4. Check that the logic module ejector levers are in the unlock position (swung outward). Hold the replacement module component-side up and carefully slide it into the appropriate card cage slot until it makes contact with the backplane connector. Do not let the components on the bottom of the module scrape against the ejector levers of the module below it. 5. Firmly push the ejector levers inward until the module is fully seated into the connector. (Note: When all modules are properly inserted, all the ejector levers should be aligned.) 6. Using the Phillips-head screwdriver, tighten the two quarter-turn fasteners that attach the module to the card cage (by pushing in and turning the screwdriver clockwise). 7. Connect the interface cables, then the power cord (Section 3.2). 8. Wait for self-test to complete and check the state of the LEDs to ensure that the unit is operational (Section 2.2). 3–8 DECbridge 500/600 Problem Solving 3.3.3 Removing and Replacing the Card Cage To gain access to the fan assembly, power supply, or backplane, you must first remove the card-cage assembly from the bridge enclosure. 3.3.3.1 Removing the Card Cage CAUTION ! Do not leave the card cage partially withdrawn for servicing. Remove it completely from the enclosure and set it down on a horizontal surface. To remove the card cage from the bridge enclosure, refer to Figure 3–4 and follow these steps: 1. Remove power to the bridge and disconnect the interface cables (Section 3.2). 2. Attach the ESD ground strap. 3. Using a Phillips-head screwdriver, loosen the two quarter-turn fasteners at the upper corners of the bridge enclosure. CAUTION ! The card cage weighs approximately 11 kg (24 pounds). Support it well and handle it carefully during removal to avoid dropping it. 4. Firmly grasping each side of the card cage, slide it completely out of the bridge enclosure and set it down on a sturdy horizontal surface. Removal and Replacement Procedures 3–9 Figure 3–4: 3.3.3.2 Card Cage Removal and Replacement Replacing the Card Cage To replace the card cage assembly in the bridge enclosure, refer to Figure 3–4 and follow these steps: 1. Make sure that power is removed from the bridge and the interface cables are disconnected (Section 3.2). 2. Make sure the ESD ground strap is attached (Section 3.3). 3–10 DECbridge 500/600 Problem Solving 3. Firmly grasping each side of the card cage, align the runners on the card cage bottom with the guides in the bridge enclosure. Then, carefully push the cardcage into the enclosure. 4. Tighten the two quarter-turn fasteners to lock the card cage in place. 5. Connect the interface cables, then the power cord (Section 3.2). 6. Wait for self-test to complete and check the state of the LEDs to ensure that the unit is working properly (Section 2.2). 3.3.4 Removing and Replacing the Power Supply The power supply module is located at the top of the card cage. Before removing the power supply module, first remove power from the bridge, disconnect the interface cables (Section 3.2), and attach the ESD ground strap. Then, remove the card cage from the bridge enclosure (Section 3.3.3.1). WARNING ! Lethal exposed voltages exist in the power supply. Therefore, always disconnect the ac power cord before removing or replacing any FRUs. Do not apply power to the bridge unless the card cage is fully inserted in the bridge enclosure. Only qualified service engineers should perform any FRU removal and replacement procedures. 3.3.4.1 Removing the Power Supply To remove the power supply module, refer to Figure 3–5 and follow these steps: 1. Remove the card cage from the bridge enclosure (Section 3.3.3.1). 2. Disconnect the ac input connector that plugs into P3 on the power supply module. 3. Disconnect the fan assembly connectors that plug into J1 and J2 on the power supply module. 4. Remove the seven screws that secure the power supply module to the card cage. Place the screws nearby for use when replacing the power supply. Removal and Replacement Procedures 3–11 5. Use the small plastic handles on the power supply module to pull it forward out of its backplane connector, then lift the power supply module to remove it. 3.3.4.2 Replacing the Power Supply To replace the power supply module, refer to Figure 3–5 and follow these steps: 1. Make sure that power is removed from the bridge and the interface cables are disconnected (Section 3.2). 2. Make sure the ESD ground strap is attached. 3. Make sure the insulator is in place between the power supply and card cage. Then, place the power supply module on top of the card cage, aligning its connector with the backplane connector. Figure 3–5: 3–12 Power Supply Removal and Replacement DECbridge 500/600 Problem Solving 4. Use the plastic handles on each side of the power supply module to push (or pull) the module into the backplane connector. You may find it easier to orient the unit so that the backplane is towards you, and then pull the power supply module into the backplane connector, rather than push it in. 5. Line up the screw holes in the power supply module with the corresponding tapped holes in the card cage, and replace the seven screws that secure the module in place. 6. Plug the two fan assembly connectors, P1 and P2, into power supply connectors J1 and J2. 7. Plug the ac input connector P3 from the line filter and circuit breaker into J3 on the power supply module. 8. Replace the card cage back into the bridge enclosure and tighten both quarter-turn fasteners (Section 3.3.3.2). 9. Connect the interface cables, then the power cord (Section 3.2). 10. Wait for self-test to complete and check the state of the LEDs to ensure that the unit is operational (Section 2.2). 3.3.5 Removing and Replacing the Fan Assembly The fan assembly is located on the left side of the card cage. In case of a fan failure, replace the entire fan assembly (which includes both fans). To gain access to the fan assembly, you must first remove the card cage from the bridge enclosure. Before beginning this procedure, remove power from the bridge and disconnect the interface cables (Section 3.2) and attach the ESD ground strap. WARNING ! Lethal exposed voltages exist in the power supply. Therefore, always disconnect the ac power cord before removing or replacing any FRUs. Do not apply power to the bridge unless the card cage is fully inserted in the bridge enclosure. Only qualified service engineers should perform any FRU removal and replacement procedures. Removal and Replacement Procedures 3–13 3.3.5.1 Removing the Fan Assembly To remove the fan assembly, refer to Figure 3–6 and follow these steps: 1. Remove the card cage from the bridge enclosure (Section 3.3.3.1). 2. Unplug the two fan assembly connectors, P1 and P2, from the power supply module. 3. Using a #2 Phillips-head screwdriver, unscrew the two captive screws on each side of the fan assembly. 4. Lift the fan assembly out of the card cage. Figure 3–6: 3–14 Fan Assembly Removal and Replacement DECbridge 500/600 Problem Solving 3.3.5.2 Replacing the Fan Assembly To replace the fan assembly, refer to Figure 3–6 and follow these steps: 1. Make sure that power is removed from the bridge and the interface cables are disconnected (Section 3.2). 2. Make sure the ESD ground strap is attached. 3. Place the fan assembly in the side of the card cage, and align it so that the tabs in the bottom of the fan assembly fit into corresponding slots in the bottom of the card cage. 4. Tighten the two captive screws that hold the fan assembly in place. 5. Plug the fan assembly connectors, P1 and P2, into power supply connectors J1 and J2. 6. Place the card cage back into the bridge enclosure and tighten the two quarter-turn fasteners (Section 3.3.3.2). 7. Connect the interface cables, then the power cord (Section 3.2). 8. Wait for self-test to complete and check the state of the LEDs to ensure that the unit is operational (Section 2.2). 3.3.6 Removing and Replacing the Backplane To gain access to the backplane, you must first remove the card cage from the bridge enclosure. Before beginning this procedure, remove power from the bridge and disconnect the interface cables (Section 3.2) and attach the ESD ground strap. WARNING ! Lethal exposed voltages exist in the power supply. Therefore, always disconnect the ac power cord before removing or replacing any FRUs. Do not apply power to the bridge unless the card cage is fully inserted in the bridge enclosure. Only qualified service engineers should perform any FRU removal and replacement procedures. Removal and Replacement Procedures 3–15 3.3.6.1 Removing the Backplane To remove the backplane, refer to Figure 3–7 and follow these steps: 1. Remove the card cage from the bridge enclosure (Section 3.3.3.1). 2. Disengage the four modules from the backplane connector (Section 3.3.2.1). 3. Disengage the backplane connector from the power supply fingers and remove the backplane. (It is not necessary to unscrew and remove the power supply.) 4. Remove the 10 screws that secure the backplane to the card cage. Place the screws and backplane stiffeners nearby for use when replacing the backplane. 3.3.6.2 Replacing the Backplane To replace the backplane, refer to Figure 3–7 and follow these steps: 1. Make sure that power is removed from the bridge and the interface cables are disconnected (Section 3.2). 2. Make sure the ESD ground strap is attached. 3. Make sure the power supply is properly screwed in place. Then, engage the backplane connector with the power supply fingers and snap it into place. 4. Align the screw holes in the replacement backplane with the corresponding tapped holes in the card cage. Then, use the 10 screws and backplane stiffeners saved from the removal procedure to attach the backplane in place. Insert (but do not tighten) the two screws at the upper corners of the backplane first, to align it. Then, insert the remaining eight screws. After inserting all 10 screws, tighten them all. 5. Reseat the four logic modules into the backplane connector by pushing the locking levers of each module inward and tightening the quarter-turn fasteners (Section 3.3.2.2). 6. Replace the card cage in the bridge enclosure and tighten the two quarter-turn fasteners (Section 3.3.3.2). 7. Connect the interface cables (Figure 3–2 for proper installation locations). 3–16 DECbridge 500/600 Problem Solving 8. Connect the power cord (Figure 3–2). The bridge automatically powers up and runs self-test when the power cord is plugged in. Wait for self-test to complete and check the state of the LEDs to ensure that the unit is working properly (Section 2.2). Figure 3–7: Backplane Removal and Replacement Removal and Replacement Procedures 3–17 4 Technical Information 4.1 Physical Description Figure 4–1 shows the I/O panel of a typical DECbridge 500/600 series unit (the DECbridge 520). Figure 4–1: Typical DECbridge 500/600 Series Unit (I/O Panel) Configuration switches Model number Circuit breaker AC power connector Module I.D. Serial number Address label AP AP2 ooo NI NI ooooo FI FI ooo QM QM o LED indicators ThinWire connector (BNC) FDDI connector(s) AUI connector 4–1 The I/O panel of the DECbridge 500/600 series units contains the following components: • Fiber optic connector(s) for the FDDI interface – DAS models have one FDDI type A and one type B connector; SAS models have one type S connector; the DECbridge 600 has no FDDI connector. Depending on the model, the connectors may be multimode or single-mode. • Connector(s) for the IEEE 802.3/Ethernet AUI interfaces(s). The DECbridge 500 series models have a BNC connector for the ThinWire interface and a “D” connector for the AUI interface. The DECbridge 600 series models have three “D” connectors for three separate AUI interfaces. • A standard IEC connector for the ac input. • Circuit breaker (ac input). • LED indicators (located on each of the four logic modules). • Configuration switches (located on the AP/AP2 module). • An address label showing the 48-bit physical addresses of the ports. NOTE The bridge does not have a power ON/OFF switch. Power is applied to the bridge when the ac power cord is plugged in. Neither does the bridge have a voltage select switch because the bridge automatically adjusts to a voltage range of 88 – 264 Vac. 4–2 DECbridge 500/600 Series Problem Solving 4.2 DECbridge 500/600 Series Switches and Indicators Figure 4–2 shows the location of the switches and indicators on all DECbridge 500/600 series units. Figure 4–2: Switches and Indicators Off Configuration switches On 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 AP NI FI QM LED Indicators FI AP/AP2 R R NI R Y NI(3) R G Null R SAS R 1 Y G DAS R 1 Y G QM R G 2 G AUI G G G 2 Y 3 G Y 4 G Y G PHY 1 G PHY 1 A G PHY 2 B G LKG-5070–91I Technical Information 4–3 4.2.1 Circuit Breaker The circuit breaker provides overcurrent protection for the bridge. If an overcurrent condition causes the circuit breaker to trip, the white center portion of the breaker pops out and ac power is removed from the bridge. To reset the circuit breaker, push in the white center portion of the breaker. 4.2.2 Configuration Switches The eight configuration switches located on the AP/AP2 module are listed in Table 4–1. A description of each switch follows the table. Table 4–1: Configuration Switches Switch Name 1 Manufacturing mode 2 Factory Setting ON (Down) OFF (Up) Select manufacturing mode Select normal operating mode Restore default OFF parameters Restore default parameters on power up Use current parameters 3 Write access OFF (FDDI - Port 1) 1 Allow management write access on Port 1 No management write access on Port 1 4 Write access (Port 2) 1 OFF Allow management write access on Port 2 No management write access on Port 2 5 Write access (Port 3) 2 OFF Allow management write access on Port 3 No management write access on Port 3 6 Write access (Port 4) 2 OFF Allow management write access on Port 4 No management write access on Port 4 7 External loopback OFF Enable external loopback Normal operation test 8 AUI/ThinWire 3 OFF Select AUI connection for Port 2 OFF Select ThinWire connection for Port 2 1 On the AP module (DECbridge 500 model only), switch 3 controls write access to Port 2 and switch 4 controls write access to Port 1. The DECbridge 600 has no Port 1. 2 Only applicable when 3-port NI(3) module is installed. 3 Only applicable when 1-port NI module is installed. 4–4 DECbridge 500/600 Series Problem Solving • Switch 1 – Manufacturing mode – Should always be in the OFF (up) position for normal operating mode. Manufacturing mode is only for use in a manufacturing environment or repair station. Always recycle ac power to the bridge after changing this switch setting. • Switch 2 – Restore default parameters – Normally in the OFF (up) position. Turning it ON resets all parameters defined by bridge management and replaces them with the default factory settings. Always recycle ac power to the bridge after changing this switch setting. • Switch 3 – Write access Port 1* – When this switch is ON, network stations with management capabilities can read and write (modify) bridge management parameters through the specified port. When this switch is OFF, those stations can read but cannot write bridge management parameters. The firmware checks the state of this switch whenever a write access to the bridge is attempted through the port. • Switch 4 – Write access Port 2* (or 1) – Performs the write access function (described above) for Port 2. • Switch 5 – Write access Port 3 – Performs the write access function for Port 3. It is applicable only with a 3-port NI(3) module. • Switch 6 – Write access Port 4 – Performs the write access function for Port 4. It is applicable only with a 3-port NI(3) module. • Switch 7 – External loopback enable – Should be in the OFF position during normal bridge operation. Turning it ON allows the self-test diagnostics to perform external loopback tests (providing external loopback connectors are in place). It also tests the optical bypass relay driver on DAS multimode units. Always recycle ac power to the bridge after changing this switch setting. • Switch 8 – AUI/ThinWire – Applicable only with a 1-port NI module to select the interface connector. Placing the switch in the ON (down) position connects Port 2 to an AUI interface; placing the switch in the OFF (up) position connects Port 2 to a ThinWire interface. Changing this switch setting does not require recycling power to the bridge. * In the DECbridge 500, switch 3 controls write access to Port 2 and switch 4 controls write access to Port 1. Technical Information 4–5 4.2.3 Indicators The LED indicators are located on the four logic modules and are visible from outside the unit. In general, green LEDs indicate the presence of power and show the state of each port; red LEDs indicate a fault; and yellow LEDs indicate the presence of activity on a communications link. When the bridge is first powered on (ac power cord plugged in), all LEDs light momentarily to check the indicators. Once this lamp check is complete, the self-test diagnostics turn the LEDs off or leave them on according to the testing sequence. The functions of all LEDs in the DECbridge 500/600 series are described in Table 4–2. Table 4–2: LED Indicators LED Symbol Color Normal Description AP BAD Red Off On Off Blink -- Self-test failed -- Self-test passed -- Incompatible firmware loaded FAN BAD Red Off On Off -- Fan failure -- Fan OK MODE Green On On Off Blink -- Bridge operational -- Self-test in progress -- Down-line load in progress DC OK Green On On Off -- DC power OK -- DC power failure Red Off On Off Blink -- Self-test failed -- Self-test passed -- Incompatible firmware loaded AP2 or AP Module: QM Module: QM BAD 4–6 DECbridge 500/600 Series Problem Solving Table 4–2 (Cont): LED Indicators LED Symbol Color Normal Description Red Off On Off Blink -- Self-test failed -- Self-test passed -- Incompatible firmware loaded Yellow On/Off On Off -- NI port(n) carrier present -- NI port(n) carrier not present Green On On Blink Off -- NI port(n) in forwarding state -- NI port(n) in broken state -- NI port(n) not forwarding, not broken (in pre-forwarding or backup state) Green On/Off On Off -- NI port AUI interface selected -- NI port ThinWire interface selected Green On On -- AUI transceiver power OK (In Series 500, not affected by AUI/ThinWire switch) -- AUI transceiver power failure NI or NI(3) Module: NI BAD ACTn (n= 2, 3, or 4) n FWDn AUI SELECT (Series 500 only) AUI EXT PWR OK Off FI Module: (Note: FI Null Module has only the FI BAD indicator) FI BAD ACT1 FWD1 Technical Information 1 Red Off On Off Blink -- Self-test failed -- Self-test passed -- Incompatible firmware loaded Yellow On/Off On Off -- Valid traffic present -- Not transmitting/receiving valid packets Green On On Blink Off -- FDDI port in forwarding state -- FDDI port in broken state -- FDDI port not forwarding, not broken (in pre-forwarding or backup state) 4–7 Table 4–2 (Cont): LED Indicators LED Symbol Color Normal Description PHY 1 (A) PHY 1 On On Blink On Green Green Red Red Blink Off Blink Red/green PHY 2 (B) PHY 2 (Only on DAS models) Green Green Red Red 4–8 On On Blink On Blink Off -- PHY connection complete -- PHY connection in progress -- Broken port or Link Confidence Test (LCT) failure retry loop -- Illegal topology -- Port disabled via management -- Standby mode for this port when connected to concentrator. -- PHY connection complete -- PHY connection in progress -- Broken port or Link Confidence Test (LCT) failure retry loop -- Illegal topology -- Port disabled via management DECbridge 500/600 Series Problem Solving 4.3 Block Diagram Description Figure 4–3 shows a simplified block diagram of the four logic modules in the DECbridge 500/600 series. Figure 4–3: Simplified Block Diagram QM module AP (or AP2) module Non-volatile memory Volatile memory Application processor Queue manager 48-bit address ROMs Table lookup FI module (Note: DECbridge 600 has a null FI module) NI (or NI3) module Forwarding processor (NI3 only) Translation processor FI packet memory NI packet memory FDDI chipset NI Chipset(s) Port A Port B (DAS only) FDDI interface NI(3) only IEEE 802.3/Ethernet network interface(s) LKG–5071–91I Technical Information 4–9 4.3.1 AP2 (or AP) Module Description The Application Processor (AP or AP2) module contains the main processing unit in the bridge. It makes most of the packet filtering/forwarding decisions, coordinates various bridge management tasks, and handles the spanning tree operation. The module contains several blocks of memory. Volatile memory is used for storing program code and status information. Nonvolatile (read-only) memory is used for storing program code; nonvolatile (read/write) memory is used for storing downline loaded programs, bridge parameters and error logs. The DECbridge 500 series has one address ROM to store the 48-bit physical address of the bridge. The DECbridge 600 series has two address ROMs: one stores the address of Port 1, and the other stores the address of Port 3. Addresses for Ports 2 and 4 are derived from these two stored addresses. 4.3.2 QM Module Description The main function of the Queue Manager module is to service packets received from the FDDI link. The queue manager is supported by a table lookup (TLU) unit, which compares addresses of received packets with addresses stored in the bridge’s address table. The results are used to implement address filtering of packets. 4.3.3 FI Module Description The Fiber Interface (FI) module provides either a single attachment station (SAS) or dual attachment station (DAS) connection to the FDDI media. (In the DECbridge 600, a null FI module is used that has no FDDI interface.) The major functional blocks in the FI module are the FDDI chipset and the FI packet memory. The FDDI chipset provides the FDDI interface and handles the protocol and memory access control for the FDDI port. In a DAS model, the FDDI chipset contains two PHY and PMD sections to provide the DAS connection. Each PMD section can handle either a standard ANSI or a single-mode interface. The FI packet memory stores the frames received from the FDDI ring and the frames to be transmitted to the FDDI ring. The DAS multimode version also provides control for an optional optical-bypass relay. This bypass relay helps maintain FDDI ring integrity if the bridge becomes broken or is powered down. 4–10 DECbridge 500/600 Series Problem Solving 4.3.4 NI Module Description The Network Interface (NI) module provides the interface to the IEEE 802.3/Ethernet network(s). Major components on this module are the NI packet memory, the NI chipset, and the translation processor. In addition, the NI3 module contains a forwarding processor. The NI packet memory stores packets received from and destined to the IEEE 802.3/Ethernet network(s). It also provides a means of communication between the application processor and the translation processor. The NI chipset provides the interface between NI packet memory and the physical interface circuitry. The NI chips perform all IEEE 802.3/Ethernet MAC-level functions, and also provide a direct memory access (DMA) to packet memory. Because the FDDI and IEEE 802.3/Ethernet networks use different frame formats, the translation processor modifies the format of packets being forwarded from one network to the other. The forwarding processor (in an NI3 module) handles the transfer of packets through the various queues in NI packet memory. Once the AP determines on what outbound port(s) a packet will be forwarded, the FP ensures that the packet is placed on the appropriate queue(s) to accomplish this. 4.3.5 Power Supply The DECbridge 500/600 series power supply supplies the following outputs: • +5.1 V at 50 amps (maximum) • +12.0 V at 1.7 amps (maximum) • –12.0 V at 1.7 amps (maximum) • A separate, isolated 12 V at 1.0 amps (maximum) per fan Technical Information 4–11 The power supply also provides the following features: 4.3.5.1 Power Supply Shutdown If an overvoltage condition occurs at any of the power-supply outputs, the entire power-supply shuts down. The power supply outputs become latched and will NOT automatically recover even if the cause of the overvoltage condition is removed. To reset the supply and resume normal operation, you must cycle power by removing ac power to the unit, waiting at least 10 seconds, then reapplying the ac power. 4.3.5.2 Thermal Protection If the temperature inside the power supply is too high for normal operation, the power supply protects itself by shutting down. When the overtemperature condition is corrected and the unit cools off, cycle the ac power input (as described in the previous paragraph) to reset the supply and resume normal operation. 4.3.5.3 DC OK Output Signal The DC OK signal from the power supply controls the DC OK LED on the AP module. It is asserted (and the LED is on) when all the voltages (including the fan voltage) meet predetermined minimum thresholds: 4–12 • +5 Vdc output is above +4.5 Vdc • +12 Vdc output is above +11 Vdc • –12 Vdc output is below –11 Vdc • +12 Vdc fan output is above +10 Vdc DECbridge 500/600 Series Problem Solving 4.3.6 Fan Assembly The fan assembly provides the air flow used to cool the bridge. The assembly contains two fans and is located on the left side of the card cage. A circuit on the AP2 module monitors the rotation of the fans and sets a fan failure bit (in the AP2 module) whenever the fan is rotating too slowly or not at all. Both the self-test diagnostics and the operational firmware periodically check the status of the fans by reading this bit. If the diagnostics detect a fan failure: • The FAN_BAD indicator remains on after the lamp check is complete. • If the diagnostics detect no fatal error (note that fan failure is not a fatal error), the operational firmware is invoked after self-test is complete. • If the diagnostics detect a fatal error, the bridge is powered down after 2 minutes. If the operational firmware detects a fan failure: • The FAN_BAD indicator turns on. • A management status bit is set to indicate the fan failure. • After 5 minutes, the bridge is powered down. Technical Information 4–13 4.4 Product Specifications This section contains the physical, electrical, environmental, and cabling specifications for the DECbridge 500/600 series. 4.4.1 Physical Specifications The DECbridge 500/600 series can be rackmounted or used on a desktop or shelf. The physical dimensions of the unit are listed in Table 4–3. Table 4–3: Physical Specifications Dimension Value Height 17.7 cm (6.9 in) Width 44.2 cm (17.4 in) Depth 36.5 cm (14.4 in) Weight 14.5 kg (32 lbs) 4.4.2 Electrical Specifications The DECbridge 500/600 series requires an ac power input in the range of 88 to 264 Vac. The electrical specifications of the unit are listed in Table 4–4. 4–14 Table 4–4: Electrical Specifications Parameter Value Voltage 88 – 264 Vac, single phase, 3 wire Frequency 47 Hz to 63 Hz Current 3.9 A at 100 volts 1.7 A at 240 volts Input power 390 watts (maximum) Heat dissipation 1330 BTU/hr (maximum) DECbridge 500/600 Series Problem Solving 4.4.3 Environmental Specifications The DECbridge 500/600 series is designed to operate in an open office environment, equipment room, or in an exposed area of an industrial site. The bridge is not designed for operation in an air plenum. Table 4–5 lists the environmental specifications of the bridge. CAUTION The ambient air temperature at the bridge air intake must not exceed 50° C (122° F). Table 4–5: Environmental Specifications Parameter Value Operating Environment: Temperature (at sea level)* 5° C to 50° C (41° F to 122° F) Relative humidity 10% to 95% (non-condensing) Wet-bulb temperature 32° C (90° F) maximum Altitude Sea level to 2.4 km (8000 ft) Inlet air temperature 50° C (122° F) maximum Non-Operating Environment: Temperature –40° C (–40° F) to 66° C (151° F) Relative humidity 10% to 95% (non-condensing) Altitude Sea level to 9.1 km (30,000 ft) *Reduce the maximum operating ambient temperature by 1.8° C per 1000 meters (1.0° F per 1000 ft) for operation at high-altitude sites. Technical Information 4–15 4.4.4 Cabling Specifications Table 4–6 lists some of the specifications for the power cable, IEEE 802.3/Ethernet cable, and FDDI cable. Table 4–6: Cable Specifications Item Power: AC power cord length Value U.S. -- 1.83 m (6 ft) Others -- 2.5 m (8.2 ft) IEEE 802.3/Ethernet AUI Interface: Transceiver cable length 50 m (164 ft) maximum IEEE 802.3/Ethernet ThinWire Interface: ThinWire cable length 185 m (606 ft) maximum Recommended Multimode Fiber Interface Cable: 4–16 Cable length 2 km (6561 ft) maximum Nominal core diameter 62.5 ± 3.0 µm Cladding diameter 125.0 ± 2.0 µm Numerical aperture 0.275 ± 0.015 Modal bandwidth minimum 500 MHz• km @ 1300 nm, 160 MHz• km @ 850 nm Maximum attenuation rate 1.5 dB/km @ 1300 nm, 3.5 dB/km @ 850 nm Power budget 11.0 dB @ 1300 nm (for FDDI), varies by product @ 850 nm Fiber optic connector types Approved MIC plug types A, B, and S; maximum attenuation is 1.0 dB DECbridge 500/600 Series Problem Solving Table 4–6 (Cont): Cable Specifications Item Value Alternate Multimode Fiber Interface Cable: 100/140 50/125 Cable length 2 km (6561 ft) maximum 2 km (6561 ft) maximum Nominal core diameter 100 µm* ± 4.0 µm 50 µm* ± 3.0 µm Cladding diameter 140 µm* ± 6.0 µm 125 µm* ± 2.0 µm Optical wavelength 1300 nm 1300 nm Numerical aperture 0.290 ± 0.015 0.200 ± 0.015 Modal bandwidth minimum 500 MHz• km @ 1300 nm 500 MHz• km @ 1300 nm Power budget for FDDI 11.0 dB 6.0 dB Maximum distance 1.6 km (.96 mi) 2 km (1.2 mi) (*Power budget contingent on core and cladding tolerances) Recommended Single-mode Fiber Interface Cable: Cable length 40 km (24.8 miles) maximum Mode field diameter 8.2 µm to 10.5 µm Cladding diameter 125 µm (+ 2.0 µm) Fiber cladding noncircularity 2% maximum Core to cladding concentricity error 1 µm maximum Nominal operating wavelength 1300 nm Fiber cutoff wavelength 1270 nm maximum Zero dispersion wavelength 1300 to 1322 nm Zero dispersion slope 0.095 ps/(nm2km) maximum Optical power attenuation ≤0.40 dB per km at 1310 nm Minimum power budget 22 dB at 1300 nm Minimum required loss 12 dB at 1300 nm Fiber optic connector types Approved FC/PC plug types Technical Information 4–17 A Configuration Guidelines This section presents general guidelines for installing a DECbridge unit or for troubleshooting configuration problems. A.1 General Guidelines • Ensure that the extended LANs connected to the IEEE 802.3/Ethernet ports are properly configured for IEEE 802.1d and LAN Bridge 100 spanning tree loop detection modes. This is especially important in networks that contain bridges that are not manufactured by Digital Equipment Corporation. Refer to the Bridge and Extended LAN Reference guide for further information. • Bridges are used to interconnect single-LAN segments into an extended LAN. Each bridge starts a new single-LAN segment. The extended LAN can have a maximum of seven levels of bridges. A.2 Bridge-to-FDDI Guidelines • A SAS bridge can only be connected to the FDDI dual ring network through a concentrator. Port 1 of a SAS bridge is an S port. Although an S port can be legally connected to any type of FDDI port (A, B, M, or S), it is recommended that Port 1 be connected to an M port on the DECconcentrator 500 (if one is available). The connection is made through a fiber optic cable that meets the specifications described in Chapter 4. A–1 • Port 1 of a DAS bridge has an A and a B connector that allows the bridge to be connected directly to the FDDI network. Port 1 (A) connects to the incoming Primary ring and the outgoing Secondary ring of the FDDI dual ring. Port 1 (B) connects to the outgoing Primary ring and the incoming Secondary ring of the FDDI dual ring. • Bridge-to-FDDI connections can be either multimode or single-mode, depending on the model. The maximum cable length for multimode connections is 2 kilometers (6561 feet). The maximum cable length for single-mode connections is 40 kilometers (24.8 miles). If the connection is made through a patch panel, the total cable length must not exceed this maximum length. Single-mode connections must have a minimum optical power loss of 12 dB. • For additional information and guidelines on fiber optic cable plants, refer to the DECconnect System Fiber Optic Installation guide and DECconnect System Fiber Optic Planning and Configuration guide. A.3 Bridge-to-802.3/Ethernet Guidelines DECbridge 500 series units can be connected to an IEEE 802.3/Ethernet network through either an AUI interface or a ThinWire interface. DECbridge 600 series units can be connected to three individual IEEE 802.3/Ethernet network segments through three separate AUI interfaces. A.3.1 AUI Interface The following rules and guidelines are for connecting the bridge to an IEEE 802.3/Ethernet network via the AUI interface: A–2 • If the bridge connects to an IEEE 802.3 transceiver such as the H4005 or to a DESTA, the transceiver cable must be an IEEE 802.3-compliant transceiver cable (BNE3H/K/L/M or BNE4C/D). • If the bridge connects to a non-IEEE 802.3 transceiver such as the H4000, the transceiver cable can be either Ethernet or IEEE 802.3 compliant. • IEEE 802.3 transceiver cables and Ethernet transceiver cables cannot be interconnected. DECbridge 500/600 Series Problem Solving • Maximum length of the transceiver cable cannot exceed 50 meters (164 feet). This maximum length can be decreased due to the internal cabling equivalency of a device (such as a DELNI) that is connected between the bridge and the transceiver, or due to the use of an office transceiver cable. The cabling equivalency of such a device must be subtracted from the 50-meter (164-foot) maximum. Note that the DECbridge 500/600 series does not have an internal cabling equivalency. Cabling equivalency is a measure of the internal timing delay of a device expressed in meters of transceiver cable. For example: – If a device has a 5-meter (16.4-foot) cabling equivalency, then its maximum allowable transceiver cable length is 50 meters (164 feet) minus 5 meters (16.4 feet) or 45 meters (148 feet). – Office transceiver cable (BNE4x-xx), due to its smaller diameter, has a signal loss that is four times that of the (BNE3x-xx) transceiver cable. If office transceiver cable is used, the maximum transceiver cable distance must be divided by 4. Thus, the maximum office transceiver cable length allowed is 12.5 meters (41 feet). If the configuration includes a device and the device has any internal cabling equivalency, this should be subtracted from the 50-meter (164-foot) maximum before dividing by 4. For example, if a device has a 10-meter (32.8-foot) cabling equivalency and is attached to its transceiver using office transceiver cable, then the maximum allowable transceiver length is 50 meters (164 feet) minus 10 meters (32.8 feet) divided by 4. The arithmetic result yields 10 meters (32.8 feet). For device-specific information related to cabling equivalency, refer to the DECconnect System Planning and Configuration Guide. • When connecting the bridge to a configuration that includes a DELNI, allow 5 meters (16.4 feet) cabling equivalency loss for the DELNI. Digital Confidential Configuration Guidelines A–3 A.3.2 ThinWire Interface The following rules and guidelines are for connecting a DECbridge 500/600 series unit to an IEEE 802.3/Ethernet network via the ThinWire interface. A–4 • The maximum length for a continuous segment of ThinWire cable is 185 meters (606.9 feet). • The minimum bend radius of ThinWire cable is 2 centimeters (.75 inches). • No more than 30 stations are allowed on a segment. The DEMPR, if configured, counts as one station. In a DECconnect configuration with faceplates and satellite equipment rooms, only 28 stations are allowed. • No more than 60 male/female connector junctions are allowed on the segment. • The ThinWire cable must be properly terminated at both ends with 50-ohm terminators. If a DEMPR is attached to one end of the cable, the DEMPR provides the termination for that end; a terminator is still required for the other end. DECbridge 500/600 Series Problem Solving B FDDI Connection Information B.1 FDDI Connection Rules The FDDI connection rules are defined in Figure B–1. The table defines which port types (A, B, M, S) may be interconnected into legal topologies. In the figure, This Node is the reference point for all connection decisions. Figure B–1: FDDI Connection Rules Matrix This Node Other Node PHY port A B M S A No Rule 1 Yes Yes B Rule 2 No Yes Yes M Rule 3 Yes Note 1 No Yes S Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes = Accepts this connection No = Does not accept this connection LKG-4810-91I B–1 Rule 1: Rule 2: PHY B of This Node accepts connection to PHY A of Other Node if: • PHY A of This Node is not connected, or • PHY A of This Node is connected to PHY B or PHY S of another node. PHY A of This Node accepts connection to PHY B of Other Node if: • PHY B of This Node is not connected, or • PHY B of This Node is connected to PHY A or PHY S of another node. See also Note 2. Rule 3: PHY A of This Node accepts the connection to PHY M of Other Node if: • PHY B of This Node is not connected, or • PHY B of This Node is connected to PHY A or PHY S of another node. See also Note 2. Note 1: Backup tree connection (dual homing) The connection of PHY B of This Node to PHY M of Other Node always takes precedence over the connection of PHY A of This Node to PHY M of another node. When a connection between PHY A of This Node and a PHY M or PHY B of another node exists, it is disabled when PHY B of This Node connects to PHY M of Other Node. If the connection breaks between PHY B of This Node and PHY M of Other Node, the connection is reestablished between PHY A of This Node and PHY M of another node. Note 2: Tree connections are preferred over dual ring connections Tree connections are preferred over dual ring connections when only one of two connections may be accepted. The connection of PHY A or B of This Node to PHY M of Other Node always takes precedence over the connection of the remaining PHY (A or B) of This Node to PHY A or PHY B of another node. The connection is disabled between the remaining PHY (A or B) of This Node and PHY A or PHY B of another node when PHY A or PHY B of This Node connects to PHY M of Other Node. B–2 DECbridge 500/600 Series Problem Solving B.2 FDDI Connector Keying The DECbridge 500/600 series uses the following FDDI connector types: • Media Interface Connectors (MIC) for multimode type connections • FC/PC for single-mode type connections The MICs are designed to align the fiber cable properly with the transmit and receive optics — that is, they are keyed and must be aligned properly. DAS versions of the bridge use MIC A and MIC B type connectors to connect the bridge to the dual ring. SAS versions of the bridge use a single MIC S connector to connect to a concentrator (see Figure B–2). Figure B–2: FDDI Connector Keying A B M S A B M S Connector keying: MIC A Primary in/secondary out–DAS A port MIC B Primary out/secondary in–DAS B port MIC M Concentrator M port MIC S SAS S port LKG–5072–90I The position of the keyway on the MIC plug determines the type of receptacle to which it connects. A MIC S plug fits all receptacles. The other MIC plugs and receptacles (type A and B) must match for proper installation. The FC/PC single-mode connectors are not keyed but are identified by transmit ( ) and receive ( ) icons. FDDI Connection Information B–3 C Related Documents Additional information relating to problem-solving the DECbridge 500/600 series can be found in the following documents. Ordering information is provided at the back of this manual. • DECbridge 500/600 Series Installation and Upgrade (Order No. EK-DEFEB-IN) Explains how to install the DECbridge 500/600 series units, how to verify their operation once installed, and how to upgrade from one model to another. • FDDI System Level Description (Order No. EK-DFSLD-SD) Describes Digital’s Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI), how it works, and the role of the individual FDDI components. This guide also discusses Digital’s approach to network management and the facilities provided by network management software. • Bridge and Extended LAN Reference (Order No. EK-DEBAM-HR) Describes how bridges are used to create extended local area networks (LANs). Includes information on LAN interconnections, overall bridge operation, spanning tree, bridge management, and possible solutions to bridge-related problems in a network. • DECconcentrator 500 Installation (Order No. EK-DEFCN-IN) Explains how to install a DECconcentrator 500 unit and how to check its installation and operational status. C–1 • DECconcentrator 500 Problem Solving (Order No. EK-DEFCN-PS) Explains how to troubleshoot and service the DECconcentrator 500 unit. Includes a product overview, problem-solving methods, and removal and replacement procedures for field-replaceable units (FRUs). • DECconnect System Fiber Optic Planning and Configuration (Order No. EK-DECSY-FP) Provides an overview of Digital’s structured wiring network along with guidelines for planning, configuring, and designing fiber optic subsystems within the network. • DECconnect System Fiber Optic Installation (Order No. EK-DECSY-FI) Contains guidelines for installing fiber optic cables and passive equipment in a DECconnect System fiber optic structured-wiring network, along with test procedures for certifying the installation. • DECconnect System Planning and Configuration (Order No. EK-DECSY-CG) Contains planning requirements and guidelines for configuring DECconnect System networks and other networks that use DECconnect System products. • DECconnect System Facilities Cabling Installation (Order No. EK-DECSY-FC) Provides procedures for properly installing Ethernet coaxial cables, twisted-pair cables, andThinWire cables within a DECconnect System site. • DECelms Use (Order No. AA-PAK2A-TE) Describes how to use DECelms (Digital Extended LAN Management Software) to configure, manage, and monitor the DECbridge 500, DECconcentrator 500, and all Digital LAN Bridge products. • DECmcc Bridge Access Module Use (Order No. AA-PD1BC-TE) Describes how to use the DECmcc (Digital Management Control Center) Bridge Access Module to manage bridges. C–2 DECbridge 500/600 Series Problem Solving Index A Address label, 4–2 Address ROMs, 3–8 AP/AP2 module, 4–10 AUI interface cable, 2–11 connections, A–2 AUI/ThinWire ports, 1–3 switch, 4–4 B Backplane, 3–15 Block diagram, 4–9 Configuration guidelines, A–1 Configuration switches AUI/ThinWire, 2–8, 4–5 Enable External Loopback, 2–8 External Loopback Enable, 4–5 list of, 4–4 Manufacturing Mode, 2–8, 4–5 Restore Default Parameters, 4–5 typical settings, 2–8 Write Access, 4–5 Connection rules (FDDI), B–1 Connectors for SAS and DAS, 4–2 multimode, B–3 single-mode, B–3 Core test, 2–2, 2–4 D C Cable length multimode, A–2 single-mode, A–2 Cable removal, 3–4 Cabling equivalency, A–3 Card cage, 3–9 Circuit breaker, 2–6, 2–9, 4–2, 4–4 DAS bridges, 1–3, A–2 Database, 2–2 DECbridge 500/600 series assemblies, 1–3 logic modules, 1–4 models, 1–2 sample configuration, 1–1 DELNI, A–3 Index–1 DESTA, A–2 Dual attachment station (DAS), 1–2 Dual homing, B–2 E Ejector levers, 3–6 Enable external loopback switch, 4–4 Error log, 2–14 ESD ground strap, 3–5 FI_BAD, 2–16, 2–18, 2–22 FRU_BAD, 2–4 MODE, 2–4 NI_BAD, 2–18, 2–22 PHY, 2–4 Insulator, 3–12 K Keying (FDDI connector), B–3 L F Fan assembly, 2–6, 3–13, 4–13 Fan failure, 2–10, 2–14, 4–13 FDDI connection rules, B–1 FDDI connector, keying, B–3 FDDI interfaces, 1–2 FI module, 4–10 FI power calculations, 2–26 FI power levels, 2–26 FI power measurement, 2–16, 2–23 Field-replaceable units (FRUs), 3–2 I I/O panel, 1–3, 4–1 Illegal topology, 2–12 Incompatible firmware, 2–2, 2–10 Indicators, 2–1, 2–9 ACT, 2–4 AUI_SELECT, 2–4 DC_OK, 2–4, 2–14 description, 4–6 EXT_PWR, 2–4 FAN_BAD, 2–6, 2–14 Index–2 Lamp check, 2–2 Line Confidence Test (LCT), 2–13 Logic modules, 1–4, 3–5 Loopback connectors, 2–6 AUI, 2–20 multimode, 2–20 single-mode, 2–20 ThinWire T-connector, 2–20 Loopback test, 2–16, 2–18 M Manufacturing mode switch, 4–4 Measuring FI power, 2–23 Media interface connectors (MIC), B–3 Multimode connection, A–2 N Network interfaces (NI), 1–3 NI module, 4–11 Null FI module, 4–10 Null interface, 1–2 O Optical bypass switch, 2–18 Optical power meter, 2–6, 2–23 Overtemperature condition, 2–6, 2–10, 2–14, 4–12 power supply, 3–11 Restore default parameters switch, 4–4 S P Parameters, recording of, 2–5 ports, B–1 Power calculation (FI), 2–26 Power measurement (FI), 2–23 Power supply, 3–11, 4–11 shutdown, 4–12 thermal protection, 4–12 voltage thresholds, 4–12 Power-off condition, 2–14 Power-up, 2–2 Preforwarding state, 2–2 Problem-solving components, 2–6 features, 2–1 strategy, 2–5 tools, 2–6 visual inspection, 2–6 Q QM module, 4–10 R Related documents, C–1 Removing and replacing backplane, 3–15 card cage, 3–9 fan assembly, 3–13 logic modules, 3–5 SAS bridges, 1–3, A–1 Self-test diagnostics, 2–1, 2–2 manufacturing mode, 2–5 normal mode, 2–5 overview, 2–4 running, 2–5 Servicing the bridge, 3–3 Single attachment station (SAS), 1–2 Single-mode connection, A–2 Spanning tree, 2–2, A–1 Specifications, 4–14 Cable, 4–16, 4–17 Switches, 4–2 Enable External Loopback, 2–18 T ThinWire interface connections, A–4 Tools for servicing, 3–5 Topologies, B–1 Transceiver, A–2 Troubleshooting chart, 2–9 V Voltage select, 4–2 W Write access switches, 4–4 Index–3 HOW TO ORDER ADDITIONAL DOCUMENTATION DIRECT TELEPHONE ORDERS In Continental USA and Puerto Rico call 800–258–1710 In Canada call 800–267–6146 In New Hampshire Alaska or Hawaii call 603–884–6660 DIRECT MAIL ORDERS (U.S. and Puerto Rico*) DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORPORATION P.O. Box CS2008 Nashua, New Hampshire 03061 DIRECT MAIL ORDERS (Canada) DIGITAL EQUIPMENT OF CANADA LTD. 940 Belfast Road Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1G 4C2 Attn: A&SG Business Manager INTERNATIONAL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORPORATION A&SG Business Manager c/o Digital’s local subsidiary or approved distributor Internal orders should be placed through Publishing and Circulation Services (P&CS), Digital Equipment Corporation, 10 Forbes Road, Northboro, Massachusetts 01532–2597 *Any prepaid order from Puerto Rico must be placed with the Local Digital Subsidiary: 809–754–7575 DECbridge 500/600 Series Problem Solving EK-DEFEB-PS-002 READER’S COMMENTS What do you think of this manual? Your comments and suggestions will help us to improve the quality and usefulness of our publications. Please rate this manual: Poor 1 1 1 1 1 Accuracy Readability Examples Organization Completeness 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 Excellent 5 5 5 5 5 Did you find errors in this manual? If so, please specify the error(s) and page number(s). General comments: Suggestions for improvement: Name Date Title Department Company City Street State/Country Zip Code DO NOT CUT – FOLD HERE AND TAPE NO POSTAGE NECESSARY IF MAILED IN THE UNITED STATES BUSINESS REPLY LABEL FIRST CLASS PERMIT NO. 33 MAYNARD MASS. POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEE Telecommunications and Networks Publications 550 King Street Littleton, MA 01460–1289 DO NOT CUT – FOLD HERE TM Printed in U.S.A.
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