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EK-KY11R-UG-003

August 1980

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Document:	KY11-R Family of Electronic Consoles User Guide
Order Number:	EK-KY11R-UG
Revision:	003
Pages:	101
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KY11-R FAMILY OF ELECTRONIC CONSOLES
USER GUIDE

EK-KY11 R-UG-003

KY11-R Family
of Electronic Consoles
User Guide

digital equipment corporation • maynard, massachusetts

1st Edition. January 1979
2nd Edition. October 1979
3rd Edition. August 1980

CopyrightD 1979. 1980 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
All rights reserved.

The material in this manual is for informational purposes and is
subject to change without notice.
Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility for any
errors which may appear in this manual.

Printed in U.S.A.

This document was set on DIGITAL's DECset-8000 computerized
typesetting system.

The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation,
Maynard, Massachusetts:
DIGITAL
DEC

PDP
DECUS
UNIBUS

DECsystem-lO
DECSYSTEM-20
DIBOL
EDUSYSTEM
VAX
VMS

MASSBUS
OMNIBUS
OS/8
RSTS
RSX
lAS

8/82·1!

CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

l.1
l.2
l.3
1.4
l.5

General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-1
KY 11-R Components and Variations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-1
Microcode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-1
Remote Diagnosis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-3
Operating System Security. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1-3

CHAPTER 2

CONTROLS AND INDICATORS

2.1
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.2.4
2.2.5
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.10

Scope .................................................................. 2-1
Keyswitch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-1
Off .................................................................. 2-1
Local Disable ......................................................... 2-2
Local ................................................................ 2-2
Remote Disable ....................................................... 2-2
Remote .............................................................. 2-2
Run I-Halt-Run 0 (Power-Fail Restart Switch) .............................. 2-3
Lamp Test (Pushbutton Switch) ............................................ 2-3
Power Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-3
Disable Indicator ........................................................ 2-3
Remote Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-4
Carrier Indicator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-4
Test Indicator ........................................................... 2-4
Fault Indicator .......................................................... 2-4

CHAPTER 3

OPERATION

3.1
3.2
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.2.1
3.2.3
3.2.4
3.2.5
3.3
3.3.1

Scope .................................................................. 3-1
Operating Procedure ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3-1
Load Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3-1
Power Up; Observe Self-Test ........................................... 3-2
Self-Test Error Detection ............................................. 3-2
Perform Bootstrap Procedure ............................................ 3-3
Set Switch Register .................................................... 3-3
Set Power-Fail Restart Switch ........................................... 3-3
Operating States ......................................................... 3-3
Console State ......................................................... 3-3

iii

CONTENTS (Cont)
3.3.2
3.3.3
3.4
3.4.1
3.4.1.1
3.4.1.2
3.4.2
3.4.2.1
3.4.3
3.4.4

Program I/O State. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3-7
Talk State. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3-7
Familiarization Exercises ................................................ , 3-7
Examine Contents of a Location (Basic Commands) ...................... 3-11
Examine Contents of a Location (Multiple Function Commands) ......... 3-11
Examine Contents of a Location (Hexadecimai Notation) ................ 3-11
Change Contents of a Location (Basic Commands) ...................... " 3-12
Change the Contents of a Location (Multiple Function Command) ........ 3-12
Examine a Register ................................................. " 3-13
A Simple Program Exercise .......................................... " 3-13

CHAPTER 4

OPERATING COMMANDS

4.1
4.2
4.2.1
4.2.2
4.3
4.3.1
4.3.2
4.3.3
4.3.4
4.3.5
4.3.6
4.3.7
4.3.8
4.3.9
4.3.10
4.3.11
4.4
4.4.1
4.4.2
4.4.3
4.4.4
4.4.5
4.4.6
4.4.7
4.4.8
4.4.9
4.4.10
4.4.11
4.4.12
4.4.13
4.4.14
4.4.15
4.4.16
4.4.17
4.4.18
4.4.19
4.5
4.5.1

Scope .................................................................. 4-1
Command Format ...................................................... , 4-1
Argument Separator (,) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-1
Argument. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-2
Console Control Commands ............................................... 4-2
Command <CTRL/E>, Read CPU Identity .............................. 4-2
Command <CTRL/R>, Read or Load Console Control Register ............ 4-2
Command V, Verify Console Logic ...................................... 4-5
Command <CTRL/P>, Set Console State ................................ 4-5
Command Z, Set Program I/O State ..................................... 4-5
Command <CTRL/L>, Set Talk State .................................. , 4-6
Command $, Set Register Address ....................................... 4-6
Command' (Single Quote), Select Octal Data Display Format .............. 4-7
Command'" (Double Quote), Select Hexadecimal Data Display Format ...... 4-7
Command <DELETE>, Delete Last Character Typed ..................... 4-8
Command <CTRL/U>, Delete All Characters of Current Type-In ........... 4-9
CPU Control - Basic Commands .......................................... 4-9
Command A, Display Address Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-10
Command < CTRL/D >, Dump Memory .............................. " 4-10
Command E, Examine Memory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-11
Command M, Read Memory Data Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-11
Command R Read Switch Register. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-12
Command T, Read CPU Status ........................................ 4-12
Command U, Read UNIBUS Status .................................... 4-12
Command D, Deposit. ................................................ 4-12
Command L, Load Address. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-13
Command W, Write Switch Register .................................. " 4-13
Command C, Continue Program Instruction Execution .. , ............... " 4-13
Command G, Go ..................................................... 4-13
Command H, Halt Program Execution ................................ " 4-13
Command I, Initialize CPU .......................................... " 4-14
Command P, Proceed ............................................... " 4-14
Command S, Start Program .......................................... " 4-14
Command J, Set Single Bus Cycle .................................... " 4-15
Command K, Clear Bus Cycle ....................................... " 4-15
Command N, Execute Next Instruction ................................ " 4-15
Multiple Function CPU Command Group ................................ " 4-15
Command / (Slash), Open a 16-Bit Word Location ..................... " 4-15
iv

CONTENTS (Cont)
4.5.2
4.5.3
4.5.4
4.5.5
4.6
4.6.1
4.6.2

Command (Backslash), Open an 8-Bit Byte Location .................... 4-16
Command <CR>, Close Location ...................................... 4-18
Command <LF>, Open Sequential Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-18
Command @, Open Indirect Location. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-18
System Programming Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-19
D L 11-A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-19
KWII-L ............................................................ 4-20

CHAPTER 5

HARDWARE FAILURE PROCEDURES

5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4

Scope .................................................................. 5-1
Electronic Console Malfunction (Fault Condition) ............................ 5-5
System Malfunction (Hardware, Hard Failure) ............................... 5-6
System Malfunction (Intermittent or Software Failure) ........................ 5-7

APPENDIX A CONSOLE AND ERROR MESSAGES
A.l
A.I.l
A.I.2
A.l.3
A.l.4
A.I.5
A.2
A.2.1
A.2.2
A.2.3
A.2.4

Error Messages .............................. ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. A-I
?SYN ER, Syntax Error ............................................... A-I
?RUN ER, Illegal (If CPU Is Running) Command Error ................... A-I
?ER/TI4411, Memory Reference Error .................................. A-2
?CON ER, Console Logic Fault ........................................ A-2
+ , Serial Line Error .................................................. A-2
Console Messages .................................................. "..... A-2
# , CPU Response Time-out ........................................... A-2
*H , Programmed Halt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. A-3
?CAR ER , Carrier Lost. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. A-3
V000377 Successful Completion of Self-Test ............................. A-3

APPENDIX B

BOOTSTRAP PROCEDURES

B.l
B.2
B.3

M9 30 1 Bootstrap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. B-1
BM873 and MRII-DB Bootstraps ......................................... B-2
M9312 Bootstrap ........................................................ B-3

APPENDIX C

SPECIFICATIONS

C.l

Scope .................................................................. C-l

APPENDIX D ASCII CHARACTER SET
D.l

Octal Display to ASCII Translation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. D-l

APPENDIX E

MICROCODE DIFFERENCES

APPENDIX F

OPERATOR'S REFERENCE SUMMARY

F.l

Instructions for Filling Out Operator's Summary ............................. F-2

APPENDIX G

GLOSSARY/INDEX
v

FIGURES
1-1
2-1
3-1
3-2
3-3
3-4
3-5
3-6
4-1
4-2
4-3
4-4
4-5
4-6
5-1
D-l

KYII-R Electric Console ................................................. 1-2
Electronic Console Panel Controls and Indicators ............................ 2-1
Operating States Transition and Accessibility ................................ 3-4
Locai Consoie State ...................................................... 3-5
Remote Console State. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3-6
Local Program I/O State ................................................. , 3-8
Remote Program I/O State. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3-9
Remote Talk State ...................................................... 3-10
Command Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-1
Console Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-4
Address Display Multiplexer ............................................. 4-10
Command M Response Format ........................................... 4-11
CPU Status Response Format .......................................... " 4-12
UNIBUS Response Format ............................................ " 4-12
Remote Diagnosis Hardware Failure Reporting Procedure ..................... 5-2
Octal Display to ASCII Translation ....................................... D-l

TABLES
1-1
2-1
4-1
4-2
4-3
4-4
B-1
B-2

D-l
E-l

KYII-R Variant Summary ................................................ 1-2
Power and Disable Indicator States. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2-3
Summary of Electronic Console Control Commands Arranged by Function ...... 4-3
Console Control Register Bit Description .................................... 4-4
Summary of Basic CPU Control Commands Sorted by Function ............... 4-9
Summary of Multiple Function CPU Command Group ...................... 4-16
M9301 Command String Definition ........................................ B-2
BM873 and MRI1-DB Command String Definition .......................... B-2
ASCII Character Set .................................................... D-2
Microcode Version VO 1/V02 Differences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. E-l

KY11-R Family of Electronic Consoles
User Guide

PDP-1 1/70 Electronic Console

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

1.1 GENERAL
The microprocessor-controlled K Y II-R Electronic Console adds remote diagnosis capability when
installed in a PDP-II /70 system. The electronic console panel replaces the traditional front panel and
assumes the traditional console panel switch and indicator functions. The operator controls the system
by typing commands at the system terminal. As shown in Figure I-I, the console is inserted logically
between the system terminal and the CPU.

The console is primarily a service tool which remains the property of Digital Equipment Corporation
and is installed only within the terms of a Field Service Agreement.
1.2 KYII-R COMPONENTS AND VARIATIONS
The major hardware components of the option are the electronic console front panel, two modules (a
microprocessor and a multiplexer), and a modem for connection into a telephone line. Table I-I
indicates significant details that differentiate the variants of this option.
1.3 MICROCODE
Microcode, resident on the M8255 microprocessor module, determines the electronic console command syntax, display formats, and indicator functions. This manual documents two different microcode versions, YO I and v02. Their differences are documented throughout this manual, and
summarized in Appendix E. When using this manual with a particular system, it will be useful to know
which version applies. You may determine the microcode version in any of three ways:

Determine the CS revision level of the M8255 microprocessor module; revision E is YO I,
revision H is v02.

If the console is installed and operative, type <CTRL/P> followed by <CTRL/E> for a
system and microcode version identity message printout.

The Operator's Reference Summary (Appendix F) will identify the microcode version if the
form has been filled out.

I-I

ORIGINAL PDPl170 CONFIGURATION

~
~

PDP-11170 WITH ELECTRONIC CONSOLE

MA-4319

Figure I-I

KYII-R Electric Console

Table I-I

KYII-R Variant Summary

Feature

U sed on processor type
Microcode Version VOl available
Microcode Version V02 available
Kit includes a stand-alone modem
Kit includes an integral modem
Governmental authority provides modem
Kit includes a DAA

-R

X
X
X

-RB

II
X
X
X

-RC

II
X
X

-RE

11170
X

X
X
X

\-2

1.4 REMOTE DIAGNOSIS
A toll-free 800 number in the USA (and similar free phone service, to the extent permitted, in other
countries) gives customers access to the Service Response Group (SRG). This group, which is integral
to the Digital Diagnosis Center (DOC), responds to customer requests for service 24 hours a day,
seven days a week.

Since all calls for service are logged through the DOC, they have access to cumulative system-specific
performance records which indicate repetitive failures, ECO status, and preventive maintenance activity. Any service request for which remote diagnosis is appropriate is referred immediately to a team of
highly trained and experienced engineers. The local DIGITAL branch service office is also alerted. The
DOC Service Engineer, using the DOC host computer (which has system-specific configuration information and parameters), tests the customer system by running appropriate diagnostics or using other
diagnostic techniques. DOC personnel use the results of these tests to advise the previously alerted
DIGITAL branch service office of the specific replacement part or option repair required. The DOC
may involve corporate engineering or other support assistance in the remote diagnosis process by
connecting them, through the host computer, to the faulty system.
1.5 OPERATING SYSTEM SECURITY
The K Y Il-R does not jeopardize the security or integrity of a customer's operating system.
DIGITAL's access to the system is possible only by means of a customer-controlled keyswitch. Whenever remote testing is in progress, the console panel and system terminal give the customer positive
indication of DOC activity.

Remote telephone access to the console is restricted. The K Y II-R responds only to encoded comm unications for diagnostic purposes, which further ensures only authorized access to the customer's
system.

1-3

CHAPTER 2
CONTROLS AND INDICATORS

2.1 SCOPE
This chapter defines the functions of the three switches and six indicators on the electronic console
(Figure 2-1).

RUN 1
HALT
RUN 0

~:::::::
-

LOCAL

DISABLE"
OFF

POWER

REMOTE

DISABLE

REMOTE
DISABLE

-@-

TEST

REMOTE

CARRIER

FAULT

Electronic Console

M A-2488

Figure 2-1

Electronic Console Panel Controls and Indicators

2.2 KEYSWITCH
The five-position keyswitch on the electronic console front panel replaces several "traditional console
panel" functions. This switch permits the operator to:
•
•
•

Turn system power on or off
Select "panel lock" operation
Permit or restrict DOC access to the system.

The following paragraphs describe system operation in each of the five switch positions.

2.2.1 OFF
The OFF position removes power from the electronic console; in every other position power is applied.
This switch is usually the system's master power switch; however, power to certain system components
may be controlled independently.

2-1

2.2.2

LOCAL DISABLE

The LOCAL DISABLE position is analogous to panel lock on the traditional control panel. Access to
panel control and indicator functions (console state) is disabled. The electronic console is effectively
bypassed. so that all system terminal communication is dedicated to the CPU. Thus. the system is
forced into the program I/O state. LOCAL DISA BLE is the normal operating position if panel lock is
required.

The LOCAL position is used for system power-up. bootstrapping. and normal operation if panel lock
is not required. Also. LOCAL provides access to the traditional panel control and indicator functions
through commands typed at the system terminal keyboard. The following logical conditions are associated with LOCAL.
•

Console. program I/O. or talk states may be selected.

•

Data terminal ready (DTR) is cleared. thus disabling the remote serial interface.

•

If a carrier signal is present. switching to LOCAL causes a carrier lost message (?CAR ER)
to be printed. Printing of the message may be inhibited as explained in Paragraph 4.3.2.

2.2.4

REMOTE DISABLE

The REMOTE DISABLE position sets DTR and thereby enables the remote serial interface. allowing
DDC access to the system. The following, however, are disabled.
•

The system terminal keyboard is disabled to prevent operator intervention during DDC
testing.

•

The console state is disabled, both at the site and to the DOC, since the DDC becomes a
user by logging into the customer's operating system.

In REMOTE DISABLE, DOC access to the system is subject to program-imposed limitations. There
is no access to any of the console control or indicator functions. This protects the customer from
unpredictable DOC intervention. The DOC may perform and monitor program I/O functions in
duplicating or testing for system failures. DOC and system dialog is displayed on the system terminal
to permit monitoring by the site operator. Also, the DOC may set programmable option bits and
thereby establish terminal communication with the site operator if desired.

2.2.5

REMOTE

The REMOTE position is used exclusively to give the DOC access to the system for diagnostic or
preventive maintenance purposes. All of the capabilities available at the site in LOCAL are available
to the DOC in REMOTE. The DTR signal to the modem is asserted to enable the remote serial
interface. In addition, although the system terminal is disabled except under DOC control, the talk
state permits the DOC to print messages on, and solicit inputs from, the customer's system terminal.

2-2

2.3 RUN I-HALT-RUN 0 (POWER-FAIL RESTART SWITCH)
The power-fail restart switch is a three-position slide switch mounted above the keyswitch. It allows
the user to predetermine the system's response in a power-fail restart situation. Selection of the HALT
position causes the system to come on in a halted state when power is restored.

Selection of RUN I or RUN 0 is determined by the requirements of the operating system. If the system
anticipates all ones in the switch register at restart, selection of RUN I is appropriate. Conversely, if all
zeros are expected, RUN 0 should be selected. Note that this switch determines switch register contents only at restart (power coming up); the Operator's Reference Summary (Appendix F), Paragraph
4.4.10, and Appendix B.I (steps 2 through 5), explain how to set switch register contents as required
for a power failure (power going down).
2.4 LAMP TEST (PUSHBUTTON SWITCH)
The lamp test switch is unidentified at its location, in the lower right corner of the status display area.
Whenever power is on, pressing the switch turns on all indicators or, by exception, indicates a lamp
failure.
2.5 POWER INDICATOR
The POWER indicator serves a dual purpose:

•

To indicate that power is on within the electronic console (other system units mayor may
not have power on)

•

In Microcode Version V02 or later, to indicate, by blinking, that the CPU is in a halted state.

Table 2-1 indicates all possible states of both POWER and DISABLE indicators.

Table 2-1

Power and Disable Indicator States

Keyswitch
Position

Program
State

Microcode Version VOl
POWER
DISABLE

LOCAL
LOCAL DISABLE
REMOTE
REMOTE DISABLE
LOCAL
LOCAL DISABLE
REMOTE
R EMOTE DISABLE

Running
Running
Running
Running
Not Running
Not Running
Not Running
Not Running

ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON
ON

OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
ON

Microcode Version V02
POWER
DISABLE
ON
ON
ON
ON
Blinking
Blinking
Blinking
Blinking

OFF
ON
OFF
ON
OFF
Blinking
OFF
Blinking

2.6 DISABLE INDICATOR
The DISABLE indicator comes on whenever the keyswitch is in either LOCAL DISABLE or REMOTE DISABLE. This is also a dual purpose indicator, and, in Microcode Version V02, its continuous blinking in unison with POWER is a redundant indication that the program has halted. This
redundancy is indicated in Table 2-1, which shows all possible states of both DISABLE and POWER.

The primary purpose of DISABLE is to remind the operator that a panel lock condition exists, the
system is in program I/O state, and the system terminal is dedicated to program input/output.

2-3

2.7 REMOTE INDICATOR
The REMOTE indicator comes on (the word REMOTE lights up) whenever the keyswitch is in either
REMOTE or REMOTE DISABLE. It indicates that the remote serial interface is enabled and the
D DC has access to the system.

2.8 CARRIER INDICATOR
The CARRIER indicator comes on (the word CARRIER lights up) whenever the electronic console
remote serial interface and modem receive a carrier-detecleu ~igllal. It indicates that the D DC host
computer is connected via telephone line to the electronic console.
2.9 TEST INDICATOR
The TEST indicator comes on (the word TEST lights up) whenever the customer's system is connected
to the DDC host computer. Also, the DDC may initiate the running of a diagnostic at the site, turn on
TEST, disconnect (CARRIER will be turned off) during the test period, then reconnect later to continue the session. The keyswitch must be in either REMOTE or REMOTE DISABLE for TEST to be
on. In Microcode Version VOl, TEST is disabled by REMOTE DISABLE.
2.10 FAULT INDICATOR
The FA U LT indicator comes on (the word FA U LT lights up) when the electronic console detects an
error condition during a power-up self-test, a command V initiated self-test, or any operation involving the electronic console logic. An error message ('?CON ER) is also displayed on the system
terminal if the logic required to do so is operative. If a failure is transient in nature, the electronic
console may still be operational: however, FA U LT can be cleared only by a power-down, power-up
sequence.

I f a fault condition exists, or is suspected, contact 0 IG IT A L's Service Response G roup at the D DC as
described in Chapter 5.

2-4

CHAPTER 3
OPERATION

3.1

SCOPE

The electronic console enhances operation and control of the computer system. It is used for starting,
halting, debugging, and other basic program control. Its power switch usually serves as the master
on/ off switch for system power. The keyswitch and indicators on the front panel facilitate monitoring,
maintenance, and system control. The electronic console simplifies the way the operator issues system
commands and examines or deposits memory and register data, using the system terminal.
This chapter explains how to power up the system and how to use the system terminal for CPU
control. Tutorial examples of command use are included. For the operator who is making a transition
from the traditional console panel to the electronic console, notes are provided to indicate the equivalence. This chapter provides brief descriptions of operating states and commands, with emphasis on
their elementary use. Chapter 4 provides a complete listing of the command set, with emphasis on
definition and formatting.

3.2

OPERATING PROCEDURE

System-specific factors such as configuration and programming are essential elements that must be
considered in the definition of an operating procedure. Those settings and functions previously accomplished through the traditional CPU console panel are equally necessary with the electronic console.
The following operating procedure is typical for a system equipped with an electronic console.
I.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Set power-fail restart switch.
Load media.
Power up and observe electronic console self-test results.
Perform bootstrap procedure.
Set switch register value for power-fail.

The paragraphs that follow explain, in general terms, the operating procedure outlined above. You
will find system-specific details in the Operator's Reference Summary (Appendix F). The Operator's
Summary provides the operator with the procedural details necessary to bring the system up to normal
operation. The form is prepared on-site by the DIG ITA L Field Service Engineer and site personnel at
the time the electronic console is installed.

3.2.1

Load Media

Determine that operating system media are properly loaded as required for normal operation. The
addition of an electronic console has no effect on the loading procedure.

3-1

3.2.2

Power Up; Observe Self-Test

Power up the system by turning the electronic console keyswitch from OFF to LOCAL. Although the
electronic console keyswitch is typically wired to serve as the system master power switch, certain
devices may have their power controlled independently. The electronic console microprocessor will
initiate a self-test and turn on all indicators except CARRIER.

If the self-test is completed without error, all indicators (except POWER) are turned off. A successful
seif-test is confirmed wht:n lilt; rnessage HVOO0377" is piintcd on the system terminal (.A.ny deviation
from this message indicates a console logic malfunction~ see Paragraph 3.2.2.1).
Following the YOOO377 message, one of two possible series of events occurs.
I.

If the power-fail restart switch is in the HALT position, the system will be forced into the
console state (described in Paragraph 3.3.1). The prompt message CON = is printed on the
system terminal. The CPU will be in a halted state.

If the power-fail restart switch is in either the RUN 1 or RUN 0 position, the system will be
forced into the program I/O state (described in Paragraph 3.3.2). In this state, the system
terminal is under CPU control and any message printed will be operating system generated.
Check the Operator's Reference Summary (Appendix F) to determine that the expected
terminal message (if any) was printed and/or that the system is operating correctly.

3.2.2.1

Self-Test Error Detection - If the electronic console self-test detects an error, or if there is a
hardware malfunction, there will be an error message or indication. The nature of the failure determines the extent to which an error message or indication is possible:
•
•
•

A deviation from the Y000377 message
A console error message ?CON ER
Lighting of FAULT.

Any fault condition should be reported to the Service Response Group at the DOC as described in
Chapter 5.
The electronic console detects the presence of +5 Y dc and + 15 Ydc, or the transition of AC LO from
low to high, and performs an internal initialization routine. The console is disabled if any of the
required dc voltages are missing, but will operate with AC LO, DC LO, or INIT asserted on the
UNIBUS. The self-test is a six-part exercise in which the electronic console performs (or attempts to
perform) the following procedure:
I.

Prints the character Y on the system terminal

Performs an internal ROM test

Tests the low-order eight bits of the switch register with zeros (from which the three zeros of
the printout are derived)

Performs an internal RAM test

3-2

Tests the low-order eight bits of the switch register with ones (from which the 377 of the
printout is derived)

Performs an internal clock test.

The response of Microcode Version VO 1 to an internal test error may differ from version V02. Each
will attempt to print out the VOO0377 message; version VOl may then attempt to light FAULT and
print the console error message (?CON ER), while version V02 will always attempt to do so. Thus,
these failure indications may occur separately or in combination.

3.2.3

Perform Bootstrap Procedure

For normal system operation, perform the bootstrap procedure to load the operating system from disk
or tape into memory. The Operator's Reference Summary (Appendix F) defines the system-specific
bootstrap procedure. Appendix B provides a comprehensive description of applicable bootstrap procedures.

3.2.4 Set Switch Register
Operating systems typically read switch register contents during both power-up and power-down. In
this step, you enter the switch register contents required for a power-going-down condition. With the
system in console state, type the octal switch register value, followed by commands Wand Z. That
value will be deposited into the switch register, and the system will be returned to program I/O state.
This procedure is detailed as step 2 of the Operator's Reference Summary (Appendix F).

3.2.5 Set Power-Fail Restart Switch
Set the power-fail restart switch (for power coming up) as described in Paragraph 2.3 or in the Operator's Reference Summary (Appendix F).

3.3

OPERATING STATES

There are three operating states. (See Operating States Transition and Accessibility, Figure 3-1.)

3.3.1

Console State

The console state is entered by typing <CTRL/P> on the system terminal keyboard. (To type a
control character, first press and hold down the CTRL key, then type the letter.) The command is
echoed on the terminal as A P <BELL>. Data terminal ready (DTR) is cleared, disabling the remote
serial interface. The console state allows you to use the system terminal (with the keyswitch in LOCAL) to perform the traditional panel operations. With the keyswitch in REMOTE, the console state
is available to the DOC. Local console state and remote console state are illustrated in Figure 3-2 and
3-3 respectively.
In the console state, normal program input/output communication between the CPU and the terminal
is disabled. Both the terminal printer and the keyboard are dedicated to electronic console operations
equivalent to those previously performed using the traditional panel.
There may be undesirable consequences if a program is unable to output to the system terminal (for
example, if the electronic console is unintentionally left in the console state). A time-out feature in
Microcode Version V02 eliminates this possibility.

3-3

~LL ELECTRO~I_C_~~~~L_E

ONLY PROGRAM I/O STATE

.. _. __

:S ACCESS!SLE ON-S!TE

ST A I t~ AHt ALLt:~~IIjLt: U 1""-;) 1 1 t:

IN "LOCAL DISABLE"

IN "LOCAL"

LOCAL DISABLE

LOCAL

REMOTE DISABLE

REMOTE

ONLY PROGRAM I/O STATE
IS ACCESSIBLE TO DDC IN
"REMOTE DISABLE"

ALL ELECTRONIC CONSOLE
STATES ARE ACCESSIBLE TO
DDC ONLY IN "REMOTE"

MA-4347

Figure 3-\

Operating States Transition and Accessibility

3-4

UNIBUS
STATUS

SOFTWARE SWITCH
(

SYSTEM
TERMINAL

I
I
I
I
I
I
I

NPR

CONSOLE KEYSWITCH

CTRLlL )

LOCAL

(

CTRLlP

)

(

CTRLlL

)

( CTRLlP )

L ______ - -

- - - - _.....J

DIGITAL
DIAGNOSTIC
CENTER

REMOTE

MODEM
DAA

MA-4329

Figure 3-2

Local Console State

3-5

ELECTRONIC
CONSOLE

r- I

UNIBUS
STATUS

SOFTWARE SWITCH

(

NPR

CONSOLE KEYSWITCH

CTRLlL)

z
LOCAL
SYSTEM
TERMINAL

(

CTRLlP )

(

CTRLlL )

z
o
(

CTRLlP

)

L _____ _

Figure 3-3

_...J

Remote Console State

3-6

IF these conditions exist:
•

The electronic console is in the console state

•

A program is running

•

The program is attempting to print on the system terminal

AND there is no keyboard activity for twenty seconds (which allows a twenty-second timer to time
out),
THEN console state is terminated, program I/O state is set automatically, and the system terminal is
dedicated to program I/O.
To exit from the console state, you may enter either the program I/O state or talk state described
below. (Also see Figure 3-1.)
3.3.2 Program I/O State
You may enter program I/O state (only from console state) by typing command Z. In program I/O
state, the system terminal printer and keyboard are dedicated to input/output communication with a
running program. The keyswitch positions LOCAL DISABLE and REMOTE DISABLE both force
program I/O state logically. Local program I/O state and remote program I/O state are illustrated. in
Figures 3-4 and 3-5 respectively. (Also see Figure 3-1).
3.3.3 Talk State
You may enter talk state (only from console state) by typing the command <CTRL/L>. In talk state,
DTR is set, connecting the terminal through the remote serial interface to the DOC. This state is
usually controlled by the DOC and permits message interchange between the operator at the system
terminal and the DDC remote operator or host computer. All characters are acceptable as text, except
<CTRL/P>, which is recognized as the command for an exit into console state. Remote talk state is
illustrated in Figure 3-6. (Also see Figure 3-1).
3.4 FAMILIARIZATION EXERCISES
The comparatively simple electronic console exercises in the following paragraphs are of value primarily to the "first-time" user. It is essential that the operator learn to use the entire command set which is
itemized and described in Chapter 4.

NOTE
In the following examples and exercises, the operator types all characters printed in red. The expected
system prompts and responses are also shown.
Each exercise begins with a reminder that the electronic console must be in console state except as
noted otherwise. Once entered, by typing <CTRLjP>, the console state remains selected until you
enter another state (by typing <CTRLjL> for talk state or Z for program I/O state).
Before beginning these exercises, see Figure 4-1 for an explanation of the command string format that
must be used. Understanding the format requirements will make the exercises more meaningful. Chapter 4 provides a detailed description of each electronic console command.

3-7

UNIBUS
STATUS

SOFTWARE SWITCH
(

NPR

CONSOLE KEYSWITCH

CTRLlL )

o----~

SYSTEM
TERMINAL

I
I
I
I
I

LOCAL
o~------~--~-------~

(

CTRLlP

)

(

CTRLlL

)

CTRLlP

)

c:J

(

L __ _
DIGITAL
DIAGNOSTIC
CENTER

REMOTE

_--1

--~~ ,--0
- - -- I'

" ~ --~
MA·432B

Figure 3-4

Local Program I/O State

3-8

CPU
CONTROL
INTERFACE

NPR

SOFTWARE SWITCH
(

SYSTEM
TERMINAL

CONSOLE KEYSWITCH

CTRLlL )

LOCAL

(

CTRLlP )

I
I
I

(

CTRLlL )

(

CTRLlP

I
I

)

L _____ _

_--1

MA·4327

Figure 3-5

Remote Program I/O State

3-9

ELECTRONIC
CONSOLE

rCPU
CONTROL
INTERFACE

SOFTWARE SWITCH
(

SYSTEM
TERMINAL

CTRL/L )

LOCAL

(

CTRL/P )

I
I
I

(

CTRL/L )

NPR

CONSOLE KEYSWITCH

UNIBUS
STATUS

DL11-A

(

CTRL/P

)

L _____ _

--=f=
-MA-4326

Figure 3-6

Remote Talk State

3-10

3.4.1

Examine Contents of a Location (Basic Commands)

Terminal Dialog:

<CTRL/P> A P<BELL> <NL>
CON= 1000L~Ennnnnn <CR> <NL>
CON=

The prompt CON = (console state) is printed in response to <CTRL/P> (following the
echo A P <BELL».

Type 1000 (the location to be examined).

Type the command L (load address register). The command E (examine), issued in step 5,
must always be preceded by the command L.

The system acknowledges command L by printing a space character.

Type command E (examine contents of the address referenced by the address register).

The system responds by printing the contents of address 1000. Note that the data display is
in octal notation.

Type <CR> to close the location. The system generates a <NL> (new line).

3.4.1.1

Examine Contents of a Location (Multiple Function Command)

Terminal Dialog:

CON= 1000/nnnnnn <CR> <NL>
CON=

In practice, you will more likely use the multiple function command in which the command / (open
word location) is the equivalent of a command L (load address) followed by a command E (examine).
Type 1000/ and the contents of address 1000 will be displayed. Type <CR> to close the location; the
system generates a <NL> (new line).
3.4.1.2

Examine Contents of a Location (Hexadecimal Notation)

Terminal Dialog:

CON= "~IOOO/"nnnn <CR> <NL>
CON=

For a read-out of the same location in hexadecimal (Microcode Version V02 only), type command",
then the address to be opened (1000), then command / (open word location). The symbol which is
added as a prefix to the displayed contents indicates that the hexadecimal format is selected. Type
<CR> to close the location.
H

3-11

3.4.2

Change Contents of a Location (Basic Commands)

Terminal Dialog:

CON= 'IOOOL~Ennnnnn 127060 <CR>
CON=

The prompt CON = is printed in response to <CTRLjP>.

Type command • to return to oct~l display format.

Type 1000 (the location to be examined).

Type command L (load address register). Command E (examine), issued in step 6, must
always be preceded by command ~.

The system acknowledges command L by generating a space character.

Type command E (examine contents of the address referenced by the address register).

The computer responds by printing the contents of address 1000.

Type 12706, the number you want deposited into location 1000.

Type command D (deposit).

10. The contents of location 1000 becomes 12706; type <CR> to close the location.
3.4.2.1

Change the Contents of a Location (Multiple Function Command)

Terminal Dialog:

CON= 1000/nnnnnn~12706 <LF>
00001002/nnnnnn <CR> <NL>
CON=

In practice, you wi)) more likely use the multiple function command in which / (open word location) is
the equivalent of a command L (load address) foBowed by a command E (examine).
Type 1000/ then type the number to be deposited, 12706, foBowed by <LF>, which performs the
deposit, doses the location, then opens the next sequential location, and prints its contents.

A < CR > typed instead of < LF> also performs the deposit and closes the location, but does not open
the next location.

3-12

3.4.3

Examine a Register

Terminal Dialog:

CON= $3L~Ennnnnn <CR> <NL>
CON=

The prompt CON= (console state) is printed in response to <CTRLjP>.

Type command $ (select a register).

Type 3 to specify register 3.

Type command L (load address register). Command E (examine) issued in step 6, must
always be preceded by command L.

The system acknowledges command L by printing a space character.

Type command E (examine contents of the address referenced by the address register).

The system responds by printing the contents of register 3. Type <CR> to close the location.

3.4.4 A Simple Program Exercise
This exercise (as shown in Diagram 3-1) guides you through the loading, starting, modifying, and
halting of a simple program.
The program prints a continuous string of a particular character as determined by the switch register
contents. The program loading sequence uses commands explained in previous exercises.

FETCH AND
PRINT
CHARACTER

MA-4323

Diagram 3-1

3-13

Type 200/ to open location 200, then type 127()() followed by <LF> to deposit 12700 into location 200
and open location 202. Continue the procedure as indicated below.
<CTRL/P> "P <BELL>
CON= 2()0/nnnnnn 012700 <LF>
00000202/nnnnnn 000020 < LF>
00000204/nnnnnn 105737 <LF>
(\{\()(\{\'1()t;. I ....................
VVVVV.L.VV/

111111111111

TSTB @ # 177564

177,,(\4 <: I F>
_

00000210/nnnnnn 100375 < LF>
00000212/nnnnnn 113737 < LF>
00000214/nnnnnn 177570 <LF>
000002I6/nnnnnn 177566 <LF>
00000220/nnnnnn 012701 <LF>
00000222/nnnnnn 177777 < LF>
00000224/nnnnnn 077101 <LF>
00000226/nnnnnn 077004 <LF>
00000230/nnnnnn 000137 <LF>
00000232/nnnnnn 000200 <LF>
00000234/nnnnnn UUOOOO <CR>
CON=
Terminal Dialog:

MOY #20, RO

BPL 204
MOYB@#177570,@#177566

MOY #-1, RI
SOB R I, 224
SOB RO, 224
JMP@ #200

(Steps 1 through 13)
CON= 200L~!~101W ~ C ROOOOOIOI Z <NL>
AAAAAAAAAAAAA <CTRL/P> "P <BELL>
CON = HOOOO0204 IT 1441 0
Lcpu Status (Paragraph 4.4.6)
Halt Address (Paragraph 4.4.13)

Start the program, using basic commands, as follows:
1. Type 200L which loads address 200.
2.

The system acknowledges command L by generating a space character.

3. Type the command I (initialize the system).
4.

The system acknowledges command I by generating a space character.

5. Type 101 W. An octal value followed by command W loads that octal value into the switch
register. The quantity 101 in the switch register results in the letter A being printed by this
program.
6.

The system acknowledges command W by generating a space character.

3-14

NOTE
If you are using Microcode Version VOl, proceed
with the following steps and ignore the note about
printing beginning automatically.
With version V02, steps 7 through 13 can be reduced
to:
Type command C (continue), wait twenty seconds,
and the printout will begin automatically. Interrupt it
by typing <CTRL/P>.
Type H (halt).
7.

Type command C (continue program instruction execution in console state, no program
I/O). Be prepared to perform step 13 if printing begins automatically as explained in step 10.

The system acknowledges command C by generating a space character.

If the microcode is version V02, command R (read switch register) is logically forced. A
prompt, ROOOOOIOI, is printed. This prompt is forced whenever a command that initiates or
continues program execution is issued. It reminds the operator that the switch register may
require a predetermined setting for a power-going- down condition. (See Paragraph 4.4.5.)

10.

The program is now running and attempting to output to the terminal, which is unavailable
because the electronic console is in the console state. With Microcode Version VOl you will
give the CPU access to the terminal in step II. In version V02, if you delay twenty seconds
before performing step II, CPU access will occur automatically as explained in Paragraph
3.3.1.

II.

Type command Z (set program I/O state), to enable program access to the terminal.

12. The system acknowledges command Z by generating <NL> (new line).
13.

The program begins printing a continuous string of As, which you should interrupt by
typing <CTRL/P> to return the terminal to console state. (The program continues running
but there is no output.) Type H (halt). The halt address may be other than 00000204.

Terminal Dialog:

(Steps 14 through 20)
CON= ROOOOOIOI I02W ~200G ROOOOOI02 <NL>
ABBBBBBBBBBB <CTRL/P> Ap <BELL>
CON = H00000204 IT 1441 0
LCpU Status (Paragraph 4.4.6)
Halt Address (Paragraph 4.4.13)

14. Type command R (read switch register). The contents, 00000 I 0 I, which you entered in step
5, are displayed.

3-15

15.

Type H12\V. This changes the contents of the switch register and results in the program
printing the letter B.

16.

The system acknowledges command \\" by generating a space character.

17.

Type 20()G to initiate program instruction execution. The R prompt is system generated
following command G in Microcode Version V02 only.

18.

The program begins printing a continuous string of Bs, which you should interrupt by typing <CTRL/P> to return the terminal to console state. (The program continues running
but there is no output.) Note that the first character in the printed string is an A if you
interrupted the previous operation while it was looping, which is probable.

19.

Type the command H (halt program instruction execution).

20.

The system responds by printing the address at which it halted and CPU status information
(the halt address may be other than 00000204).

Terminal Dialog:

(Step21)
CON= 101,200G ROOOOOIOI <NL>
AAAAAAAA <CTRL/P> A P <BELL>
CON = H00000204 /T 1441 0

21.

You can complete steps I through 13 using multiple function commands as shown above. As
explained in Chapter 4, the above command string consists of the switch register value (101),
the comma (,) as an argument separator, the program starting address (200), and the command G which initiates program execution in program I/O state. The R prompt is system
generated following command G in Microcode Version V02 only.

3-16

CHAPTER 4
OPERATING COMMANDS

4.1 SCOPE
This chapter lists and describes each command used to control a PDP-II /70 with an electronic console
option installed.
4.2 COMMAND FORMAT
Each command or command string must conform to the following format, shown in Figure 4-1.
[[ <OPTIONAL VALUE> <SEPARATOR> j<ARGUMENT> j<COMMAND>[<RESPONSE> j<ACKNOWLEDGEMENT>

4.2.1 Argument Separator (,)
The electronic console command set uses the comma (,) to separate the optional value (switch register
setting) from the argument (data value or address). Paragraph 4.2 contains an example of the use of
this argument separator.

ARGUMENTAN ADDRESS OR A
VALUE TO BE
DEPOSITED
OPTIONAL VALUESUPPLIES SWITCH REGISTER
SETTING IF REQUIRED
FOR PROGRAM START

COMMAND STRING MAY
CONTINUE; BASIC AND MULTIPLE
FUNCTION COMMAND MIXING
RESTRICTIONS MUST BE OBSERVED
RESPONSEMAY PROVIDE DATA OR
INITIATE CPU OR
ELECTRONIC CONSOLE ACTION

17765000
1000

ARGUMENT SEPARATORSEPARATES OPTIONAL VALUE
FROM ARGUMENT
COMMANDMAY BE BASIC ELECTRONIC
CONSOLE, BASIC CPU, OR
MULTIPLE FUNCTION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTA SPACE CHARACTER, SYSTEM
GENERATED, TO INDICATE
EXECUTION OF A VALID COMMAND

MA.4129

Figure 4-1

Command Format

4-1

4.2.2

Argument

The argument, always a numerical quantity, may be an octal address or a value to be deposited. When
you are typing a command string, the electronic console accumulates numerical data (not commands)
in a temporary input register. You may transfer, modify, or clear the contents of this register as
follows:
•

Transferred (temporary input register left cleared)
If the numerical data is intended to be a swiich n;gi~ter value, the tiansfer frem the temporary input register to the switch register occurs when the argument separator (,) is typed.
Other data contents (such as an address or memory value) is transferred to the appropriate
destination upon issuance of the command which always immediately follows that data.

4.3

•

Modified (character-by-character deletion and re-entry)
The command < DELETE>, explained in Paragraph 4.3.10, is used to delete the last previous character typed into the temporary input register. You may repeat the command and
enter or delete new data as required.

•

Cleared (contents disposed of)
The command <CTRL/U >, explained in Paragraph 4.3.11, is used when you intend to
clear the entire contents of the temporary input register.

CONSOLE CONTROL COMMANDS

Console control commands, Table 4-1, are executed within the electronic console and do not directly
affect the CPU. These commands can be grouped into four categories, by function: those which control the electronic console; those which set operating states; those which define data format; and those
which allow the operator to correct character type-in errors.

NOTE
In the following examples in this chapter, the operator types all characters printed in red. The expected
system prompts and responses are also shown.
4.3.1

Command <CTRL/E>, Read CPU Identity

This command results in a printout that identifies both the CPU type and the electronic console
microcode version in use.
Example:

4.3.2

<CTRL/E> II/70 VOl

Command <CTRL/R>, Read or Load Console Control Register

This command results in either examining or changing the current contents of the console control
register. If an octal value precedes the command, that value replaces the current contents of the register; if no octal value is entered, the current contents are examined but remain unchanged.

4-2

Examine contents of control register
I

Example:

CON= <CTRLjR> A R020 10 <CTRLjR> A R <CTRLjR> A ROIO

T-r-

Initial contents 020 -

Change contents to 10
(set bit 03, clear
bit 04)

-.J

Contents now 10

The console control register (Figure 4-2) consists of seven programmable bits. These bits are either
cleared or set to predetermined conditions both at power-up and when the keyswitch is changed to
LOCAL or LOCAL DISABLE. Each may be set or cleared by the DDC as required for remote
diagnosis purposes. Bits 03 (expand printout), and 04 (special mode), may be set or cleared at the
system terminal by the <CTRLjR> command. Table 4-2 provides a detailed description of each
console control register bit.

Table 4-1

Command
Function
Electronic
console
control

Summary of Electronic Console Control
Commands Arranged by Function

Command

Description

Identify system and Microcode Version
Read or change contents of console
control register
Verify electronic console logic
(sel f- test)

Paragraph
Reference

4.3.1
4.3.2
4.3.3

Setting of
operating
states

Set console state
Set program I/O state
Set talk state

4.3.4
4.3.5
4.3.6

Defining
data
formats

Open register address
Set octal data display format
Set hexadecimal data display format

4.3.7
4.3.8
4.3.9

Type in
error
correction

Delete last character typed into
temporary register
Delete all characters in
temporary register

4.3.10

Argument separator

4.2.1

Delimiter

4.3.11

Commands may be entered in either upper or lower case (for example. A or a).
Note that the commands listed in this table are executed within the electronic console and do
not involve the CPU. The symbol [n] indicates optional data.

4-3

LOCAL COpy

SWITCH REGISTER PROMPT

14.3.2.8)

14.3.2.1)

~______ LOCALCONTROL

CARRIER ERROR DISABLE _ _- - '
MICROCODE VERSION V01

14.3.2.7)

14.3.2.2)

L....-_ _ _ _ _ _

DISCARD REMOTE PRINTOUT _ _ _ _ _--'
MICROCODE VERSION V02

TALK ECHO

14.3.2.6)
L....-_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

EXPAND PRINTOUT

14.3.2.3)

14.3.2.5)
MA-'l321

Figure 4-2

Table 4-2
Bit
Position

Console Control Register

Console Control Register Bit Description

Description
Local Copy - Setting bit 0 al10ws the DOC to provide the system operator with an audit trail of remote activity. It
enables printing. on the system terminal, of messages or commands being tested or exercised by the DOC. The
system terminal keyboard is disabled to prevent operator intervention.
Local Control - Bit I may be set by the DOC to permit parallel system control at both the system terminal and
the DOC. This al10ws the DOC operator to "observe" as the site operator re-creates failure circumstances at the
system terminal. Setting bit I also forces local copy, which is equivalent to setting bit O. Thus, all commands
issued at the site are echoed and performed as if the electronic console keyswitch were in LOCAL.

Talk Echo - Bit 2 is effective only when the talk state has been selected by the DOC. Bit 2 controls the way
character transmissions are echoed by the electronic console. When the remote DOC operator and the site
operator communicate with (talk to) each other at their respective terminals, the electronic console returns an
echo for each character typed. It also transmits the character to the receiving terminal. Bit 2 must be set by the
DOC for that purpose. If, however, the DOC host computer sends a message to the site operator at his/her
terminal, no echo from the electronic console would be expected. When bit 2 is cleared, which is its initialized
condition, the electronic console suppresses such undesirable or redundant character echoes.

Expand Printout - Bit 3, when set, causes an automatic command M (read data display) to be executed following
a command N (execute next instruction or bus cycle). Command N causes the CPU to execute a single instruction (or bus cycle), then halt and print the location. If bit 3 is set, the command M is executed automatical1y,
printing the contents of the selected CPU data display register. This feature is particularly useful when tracing
programs in single instruction mode.
Example:
<CTRL/P> A P <BELL>
CON= IOOOL~I~1O <CTRL/R> A R NOOOOI002 IMOOOl6701

Special Mode - Bit 4 is set when system troubleshooting suggests the use of otherwise illegal command formatting. The logic ignores syntax and CPU errors, and permits abnormal operations such as entering an initialization
command when the CPU is in a run state.

Carrier Error Disable (Microcode Version VOl only) - Bit 5 is set when the DOC wants the electronic console to
ignore receipt of a loss-of-carrier indication. (No ?CAR ER message will be printed.)

Discard Remote Printout (Microcode Version V02 only) - Bit 5 may be set by the DOC to eliminate system
terminal printout of unwanted data. For example, the DOC may initiate a diagnostic, set bit 5 to disable printout, disconnect for a period of time, then reconnect to evaluate results and continue the session.

Force Switch Register Prompt (Microcode Version V02 only) - Bit 6 is normally set and can be cleared only by the
DOC. When commands C, p, S, or G (commands that initiate or continue program instruction execution) are
issued with bit 6 set, a command R is forced. The current setting of the switch register is printed on the system
terminal to remind the operator that the setting may require changing to the predetermined power-fail setting.

4-4

4.3.3

Command V, Verify Console Logic

This command allows the operator to initiate the electronic console self-test. The same self-test is
always initiated by system power-up. Successful completion of the test results in the message V000377
being printed on the system terminal. The electronic console self-test is described in Paragraphs 3.2.2.
Command V is illegal if issued when the processor is running.

4.3.4

Command <CTRL/P>, Set Console State

This command sets the electronic console to the console state, which allows the operator to issue
control commands from the system terminal. In this state, the terminal communicates with the electronic console to perform functions equivalent to those previously performed using the traditional
panel. Selecting console state forces several other conditions.
•

Octal data display format is selected (Paragraph 4.3.8).

•

Address display multiplexer position 3 (console physical) is selected (Paragraph 4.4.1).

•

Memory data display multiplexer position 1 (data paths) is selected (Paragraph 4.4.14).

•

IF in the last previous condition the keyswitch was in LOCAL,
AND the talk state <CTRL/L> had been entered (by which the remote interface would
have been enabled),
THEN the remote serial interface is disabled by clearing DTR.

Although a program may be running, it will be unable to print on the system terminal. This may lead
to undesirable buffer overflow conditions. In Microcode Version V02, when the electronic console is in
the console state and a program is running and attempting to print out on the system terminal, keyboard activity is monitored and resets a twenty-second timer. If there is no keyboard input for a
twenty-second period, a time-out occurs, console state is terminated, program I/O state is set automatically, and the terminal is returned to CPU control.
Example:

<CTRL/P> A P <BELL>
CON = TI4050 (No keyboard activity for twenty seconds)
Z<NL>
(Terminal under CPU control)
Also see Figure 3-1, Operating States Transition and Accessi bility.

4.3.5

Command Z, Set Program I/O State

This command causes the console state to be terminated and the program I/O state to be entered. The
system terminal keyboard and printer are dedicated to communication with the CPU for program I/O.
The keyswitch positions LOCAL DISABLE and REMOTE DISABLE both force the program I/O
state logically.
Also see Figure 3-1, Operating States Transition and Accessibility.

4-5

4.3.6 Command <CTRl/l>, Set Talk State
This command enables person-to-person typed messages between the system terminal and the remote
line. When a <CTRL/L> command is typed, the DTR (data terminal ready) signal is enabled which,
in turn, enables the remote serial interface. This feature permits interconnection of the DOC and the
customer's system terminal for message interchange during remote diagnosis. With the exception of
<CTRL/P>, which returns the terminal to console state, all characters are interpreted as message
text.
Example:

<CTRL/L> A L Is drive 2 at BOT? <CR>
Checking - yes < CR >
Standby
Also see Figure 3-1, Operating States Transition and Accessibility.

4.3.7 Command $, Set Register Address
This command is used as a prefix to the data argument that precedes load address commands L, I, or
<CTRL/D> in Microcode Version VOl, and commands G, S, and \ in Microcode Version V02. It
masks the leading zeros in the temporary input register with ones so that the argument represents a
register address rather than a memory address. Paragraph 3.4.3 provides an example of the use of
command $; Illustration 4-1 provides several examples.

When command $ is issued, the contents of the temporary input register are masked with 17777700
before transfer to the CPU address register occurs. Thus, any register or 110 page area requiring the
high-order bits to be set may be accessed readily. Comparative examples showing use of command $
with both 16-bit words and 8-bit bytes are given in Paragraph 4.5.2. (The 8-bit byte format is available
only in Microcode Version V02.)

21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 1009 08 07 06 0504 03 02 01 00

EXAM~LE

ISO)

I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, 1010101 01 0101
7

EXAMP;E

1516) 1,1,1, 1,1, 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1

153000\

+ H
1,1,1,

EXAMPL;

I, I, I' I' I, I' I' I, I' I, 10I, I' 101 01 01 01 01 0101 0101
3

o
MA-4325

Illustration 4-\

4-6

Example I:

Microcode Version VOl provides access to the low-order six bits only (you may type
two octal digits maximum). In this example the command string CON= $0/ opens
processor register 0 (address 17777700) with either Microcode Version VO I or V02.

Example 2:

In this example the command string CON = $16/ opens processor register 16 (address 17777716) with either Microcode Version VOl or V02.

Example 3:

Microcode Version V02 provides access to the complete range of register and I/O
addresses. Note that this example is invalid for Microcode Version VOl because of
its two low-order digits maximum range. The command string CON= $3000/ opens
address 17773000, an example of command $ providing simplified access to the I/O
page area.

4.3.8 Command' (Single Quote), Select Octal Data Display Format
This command is not available in Microcode Version VOl. When command" (single quote) is issued to
select octal data display format, the following data display commands produce octal displays:
E
M
<CTRL/D>

/
\

Examine
Read Memory Data
Dump Memory

}

Basic CPU Commands

Open Word Location
Open Byte Location

}

MUltiple Function Commands

The octal data display format is automatically selected at power-up, initialization, or by the command
<CTRL/P>; it is cleared by command"' (double quote). The example given in Paragraph 4.3.9 shows
a useful exception to the general rule that multiple function and basic commands should not be mixed.
The explanation of that aspect of the example applies equally to both the command" (single quote) and
"" (double quote).

4.3.9 Command" (Double Quote), Select Hexadecimal Data Display Format
This command is not available in Microcode Version VOl. When command "" (double quote) is issued
to select hexadecimal data display format, the same data display commands listed in Paragraph 4.3.8
produce a hexadecimal display. Whenever this format is selected, the double quote C") symbol is
printed as a prefix to the displayed data to remind the user that the data is in hexadecimal format. The
hexadecimal data display format is cleared at power-up, by initialization, by command <CTRL/P>,
or by command" (single quote), select octal data display.
Example:
CON= '.11000/177570
CON = "A 1000 ("EE78
CON= '.11000/177570"
1000/"EE78'
1000/177570
CON:::::.

<NL> (octal notation)
<NL> (hexadecimal notation)
In Microcode Version V02, if either command"
(single quote) is issued or .. (double quote is issued when a location is open, the contents will
be displayed again in the format selected by the
command. Thus, these two basic commands
may be mixed with the multiple function command group in this single, useful exception.

4-7

4.3.10 Command <DELETE>, Delete Last Character Typed
The < DELETE> key permits you to delete the last previous data digit typed. The backslash (is
printed on the terminal with each digit as it is deleted in Microcode Version VOl, but with only the first
and last digits deleted in Microcode Version V02. Command characters cannot be deleted using the
<DELETE> command.
The examples below represent the same sequence of keystrokes and demonstrate the delete format for
each microcode version. The number 1324 is typed in; the 4, the 2, then the 3 are deleted; (lno a ! is
typed. The temporary input register contains 11 following each exercise.
Example:

(Microcode Version VOl)
CON= 1324 <OELETE>\4 <DELETE>\2 <OELETE>\31

The printout will be in this format: CON = 1324\4\2\31
Example:

(Microcode Version V02)
CON= 1324 <DELETE>\4 <DELETE> 2 <DELETE> 3\ I
After the 1 is typed, the final
backslash is printed before the
1 is echoed.

The printout will be in this format: CON = 1324\423\ 1
There is a significant difference between Microcode Versions VOl and V02 in the processing of data
out of the temporary input register. V02 counts the characters typed in and those deleted; if no typedin characters remain in the register, there is no transfer. In VOL however, the typing of the first
character enables the logic, which forces a transfer of the temporary input register contents when the
subsequent argument separator or command is issued. VOl does not count characters typed or deleted.
The transfer of register contents occurs even though all typed-in characters have been deleted (contents
all zeros). If the subsequent command is 0 (deposit) the location contents are changed to all zeros. For
example (using Microcode Version VO 1), you intend to change the contents of location 1000 to 12706.
After typing 1000/, you begin to type the new contents, 12 - then realize that the address should be
1010. Typing <DELETE> <DELETE> deletes the 2 and the 1. Then, when <CR> is typed, the
contents of the temporary register (all zeros) are deposited into address 1000.
CON= 1000/nnnnnn 12 <DELETE>\2 <DELETE> \1 <CR> <NL>
CO N = 1000/000000
Use of command <CTRLjU> eliminates this possibility.
CON = 1000/nnnnnn 12 <CTRL/U> AU <NL>
<CR> <NL>
CON= 1000/nnnnnn

4-8

4.3.11 Command <CTRL/U>, Delete All Characters of Current Type-In
This command deletes all characters which have been typed into the temporary input register. It
terminates any data value entry and prevents a deposit into memory if it is issued before an argument
separator, <LF>, <CR>, or other command is typed. If you are operating Microcode Version VOl,
you should develop the habit of using this command rather than < 0 ELETE> for reasons described in
Paragraph 4.3.10.
.
Example: You make a mistake typing 12706 to be deposited into location 1000.
CON= 1000/nnnnnn 1207 <CTRL/U> AU <NL>
12706 <CR> <NL>
CON = 1000/12706
4.4 CPU CONTROL - BASIC COMMANDS
Table 4-3 summarizes the commands that you use to communicate with the CPU. Paragraphs 4.4.1
through 4.4.19 describe those commands in detail.

Table 4-3
Command
Function
To examine
data from
CPU

To deposit
data
into CPU

Program
execution
control

Command

Description

Paragraph
Reference

[n]A
n <CTRL/D>

Display CPU address register contents
Dump sequential memory locations
Examine previously opened location
Read CPU memory data display register
Re~d switch register setting
Read CPU status
Read UNIBUS status

4.4.1
4.4.2
4.4.3
4.4.4
4.4.5
4.4.6
4.4.7

nL
nW

Deposit data in previously opened location
Load CPU address register
Write into switch register

4.4.8
4.4.9
4.4. IO

Continue instruction execution in console state

4.4.11

[n,]nG

[n,]nS

Go; initiate instruction execution in program I/O state
Halt program instruction execution
Initialize system
Continue instruction execution in program I/O state
Start instruction execution in console state

4.4.12
4.4.13
4.4.14
4.4.15
4.4.16

J
K
[n]N

Set single bus cycle
Clear single bus cycle
Cause next instruction to be executed

4.4.17
4.4.18
4.4.19

Argument separator

4.2.1

E
[n]M
R
T
U
[n]D

H
I

P
System
maintenance

Delimiter

Summary of Basic CPU Control Commands Sorted by Function

Commands may be entered in either upper or lower case (for example, A or a).
Note that the electronic console serves as a preprocessor for these commands which are executed by the
CPU. The symbol [n] indicates optional data; n indicates required data.

4-9

4.4.1 Command A, Display Address Information
This command is used to print a 22-bit address from the CPU address display register. The eight
display positions (address sources) are shown in Figure 4-3. The address display multiplexer is initialized to position 3 (console physical) at system power-up and by entering the console state,
<CTRL/P>. If an octal digit precedes the command A, that digit specifies a new address display
position. Unless a new address display position is specified, the multiplexer remains at its current
position. The switch position number is printed on the system terminal with the contents of the CPU
address display register.
Example:

If th!! address display is currently in its initialized position, 3, when command A is
typed, system response includes that preselected switch position number:
CON= 3AOOOOI024

Example:

To display a user instruction address, switch position 7.
CON = 7 A00113737

Command A can be issued while the CPU is running; however, the address display information is only
valid if the command is issued when the CPU is halted.

ADDRESS
SWITCH
POSITION

0
1
2

3
4
5
6

ADDRESS
MODE

PROGRAM PHYSICAL
KERNEL DATA
KERNEL INSTRUCTION
CONSOLE PHYSICAL
SUPERVISOR DATA
SUPERVISOR INSTRUCTION
USER DATA
USER INSTRUCTION

THE ADDRESS SWITCH REGISTER IS
INITIALIZED TO POSITION 3 BY
SYSTEM POWER-UP AND BY
ENTERING CONSOLE STATE.
COMMAND(CTRUP)

MA-4130

Figure 4-3

Address Display Multiplexer

4.4.2 Command <CTRL/D>, Dump Memory
This command displays the contents of successive memory locations continuously. Any character
typed on the keyboard terminates the dump. This command must be preceded by an octal value which
defines the beginning address of the dump. This command is illegal if issued when the CPU is running.
The memory data display multiplexer is reset to position 1 (data paths) by this command; the address
display multiplexer is unaffected.
Example:
CON= 37744 <CTRL/D> "0 <NL>
00037744/016701 000026
012702 000352
00037754/005211
105711
100376 type any character
CON=

4-10

4.4.3 Command E, Examine Memory
This command displays the 16-bit contents of the memory location, which is referenced by the CPU
address register. Command E must be preceded by a command L to open the address to be examined.
Successive E commands display the contents 'of sequential locations.
Command E sets the memory data display multiplexer to the data paths position, I. (See Paragraph
4.4.4.) The address display multiplexer is unaffected by command E.

4.4.4 Command M, Read Memory Data Display
This command displays the contents of the CPU memory data display register (Figure 4-4). The memory data display multiplexer provides access to four sources of data register as shown in Diagram 4-1.

MEMORY DATA

PARITY HIGH

POSITION 0
BUS REGISTER

I
MA-4322

Figure 4-4

POSITION

o
2

Command M Response Format

SOURCES
BUS REGISTER
DATA PATHS
DISPLAY REGISTER
MICRO ADDRESS

THE MEMORY DATA DISPLAY
MULTIPLEXER IS INITIALIZED
TO POSITION 1, AT SYSTEM
POWER-UP, AND BY COMMANDS E,
P, /, \, (CTRL/P) ,AND
(CTRL\D)
MA·5985

Diagram 4-1

If an octal digit precedes the command M, that digit specifies a new memory data display multiplexer
position.

If n.o octal value precedes the command, the contents of the CPU memory data display register are
printed from the currently selected multiplexer position number, which remains unchanged. The command M can be issued while the processor is running; however, the read-out will not provide useful
information. The memory data display information is only valid if read when the CPU is halted.

4-11

4.4.5 Command R, Read Switch Register
This command displays the current setting of the switch register. Following any command which
initiates program instruction execution (C, G, P, or S), Microcode Version V02 forces a command R.
This prompt reminds the operator that the switch register must be set to a predetermined, systemspecific, power-fail value. The examples in Paragraph 4.4.16, and the Operator's Reference Summary
(Appendix F) illustrate the command R prompt.
A A I'..
Command T, Read CPt! Status
"."""1'."
This command causes processor status bits to be displayed in octal notation (Figure 4-5).

22 BIT MODE

ADR ER
PAR ER
DATA
MASTER
PAUSE
RUN
SINGLE CYC SW

18 BIT MODE
16 BIT MODE
KERNEL
SUPER ~ ~
USER
CP STOP

Figure 4-5

MA-2485

CPU Status Response Format

4.4.7 Command U, Read UNIBUS Status
This command produces a display of the UNIBUS status bits in octal notation (Figure 4-6). The
command U may be issued with the processor running or halted~ the status displayed will always be
valid if the processor is halted, but mayor may not be valid if the processor is running.

23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 ,,'10090807 06 05 04 03 02 01 00

NPR

BR6

BR4

BG4

INTR SACK SSYNC INIT DClO
MA-2486

Figure 4-6

UNIBUS Response Format

4.4.8 Command D, Deposit
This command causes the contents of the electronic console temporary input register to be deposited
into the address referenced by the CPU address register. Successive 0 commands deposit new or
current contents of the temporary register into sequential locations.
Command 0 is illegal if it is issued when the CPU is running, or if it is not preceded by a command L
(unless the special mode option bit, 4, is set as described in Paragraph 4.3.2).

4-12

4.4.9 Command L, Load Address
This command transfers the numerical value that precedes it from the temporary input register into the
CPU address reg'ister. Command L is illegal if it is issued when the processor is running, or if the
command is not preceded by octal digits. The requirement for a data argument may be overridden by
setting the special mode bit (Paragraph 4.3.2). The override makes it possible to perform repetitive
operations when troubleshooting load address problems.
4.4.10 Command W, Write Switch Register
This command transfers the numerical value that precedes it from the temporary input register into the
switch register. This command is illegal unless preceded by octal digits.
The switch register setting may be included as part of a Go or Start command string (Paragraph
4.4.12).

4.4.11 Command C, Continue Program Instruction Execution
This command causes the CPU, without initialization, to resume program instruction execution at the
address specified by the program counter (PC). The halt switch is cleared to permit continuous execution. Console state is retained, which disables CPU output to the system terminal. (Typically, a command Z is issued subsequently to enable CPU I/O.) This command is illegal if issued when the CPU is
running. Note that command C is functionally similar to command P, except that command P sets
program I/O state and clears the special mode bit in the console control register. With Microcode
Version V02, command C causes a system-generated command R prompt. (See Paragraph 4.4.5.)
4.4.12 Command G, Go
This command causes a system initialization and transfers the contents of the temporary input register
to the program counter (PC). The halt switch is cleared and the CPU begins program instruction
execution at the address specified by the PC. The switch register may be set to a new value by typing an
octal value and argument separator (both optional in the command string), in addition to the address
value that must precede this command. Command G is illegal if it is issued when the CPU is running,
or if it is not preceded by data. The special mode bit, 4, in the console control register (Paragraph 4.3.2)
is cleared by this command. Program I/O state is set, which enables CPU access to the system terminal. Note that command G is functionally similar to command S, except that command S neither
clears the special mode bit nor sets program I/O state.
Example:
CON = 177406,17773100G <NL>
(Terminal is under program control)

Set the switch register to 177406 and start program execution at 17773100. Note that Microcode Version V02 forces an R prompt
(Paragraph 4.4.5) following the command G.

4.4.13 Command H, Halt Program Execution
This command sets the processor to the halt state. If a program was running, the halt address followed
by CPU status is printed on the system terminal.

4-13

Example:
The processor was halted by the command H
at location 132564 and CPU status is indicated by 14410. (See Figure 4-5 for CPU
status bit format.)

CON = H 00132564 /T 1441 0

,... • • AA , ,,"\ ~ f

The * indicates that a programmed halt has
occurred. A < BELL> will be system generated between the * and the H.

J"T" 1 A A 1 f\

. n vv 1 .J L...J U"t I I 1 "t"t 1 V

If the processor is already halted when command H is issued, only the H is echoed on the system
terminal.
4.4.14 Command I, Initialize CPU
This command causes a system reset, which is comparable to actuating the traditional panel start
switch with the halt switch on. This command is illegal if issued when the processor is running.
4.4.15 Command P, Proceed
This command causes the CPU, without initialization, to resume instruction execution at the address
specified by the program counter (PC). The halt switch is cleared to permit continuous execution.
Program I/O state is set, which enables CPU access to the system terminal for program I/O. The
special mode bit, 4, in the console control register (Paragraph 4.3.2) is cleared by command P.
This command is illegal if issued when the processor is running. Note that command P is functionally
similar to command C, except that command C neither clears the special mode bit nor sets program
I/O state. With Microcode Version V02, command P causes a system-generated command R prompt.
(See Paragraph 4.4.5.)

4.4.16 Command S, Start Program
This command causes system initialization and transfers the contents of the temporary input register
to the program counter. The halt switch is cleared and the CPU begins program instruction execution
at the address specified by the program counter (PC). The switch register may be set to a new value by
typing an octal value and argument separator (both optional in the command string), in addition to the
address value which must precede this command.
Command S is illegal if it is issued when the CPU is running, or if it is not preceded by data. Console
state is maintained, which disables CPU output to the system terminal. (Typically, a command Z is
issued subsequently to enable CPU I/O.) Note that command S is functionally similar to command G,
except that command G clears the special mode bit in the console control register and sets program
I/O state.
Example:
CON= 177406,1777310()S~ROOI77406 Z <NL>
The above command string sets the switch register to 177406 and starts program execution at location
17773100 following system initialization. Microcode Version V02 prints the command R prompt as
described in Paragraph 4.4.5.

4-14

The following command string starts program execution at location 17773100 without changing the
switch register value. The command R prompt is forced as noted in the previous example.
CON= 17773100S~R00177406 Z <NL>

4.4.17

Command J, Set Single Bus Cycle

This command sets the processor's single bus cycle switch to ON. The command is illegal if issued
when the processor is running.

4.4.18

Command K, Clear Single Bus Cycle

This command clears the processor's single bus cycle switch and allows normal operation.

4.4.19

Command N, Execute Next Instruction

This command causes the CPU to execute a single cycle and then halt. (Command N is used in single
instruction cycle or single bus cycle operation only.) If the single bus cycle switch is set, a single bus
cycle is executed for each command N. Upon completion of the instruction or bus cycle, the contents
of the CPU address display register is printed on the system terminal. The address display multiplexer
may be set to a specific position by typing the position number as a prefix to the command N. This
command is illegal if issued when the processor is running.
Examples:

4.5

CON= NOOl74567

The processor executed a single instruction
and the address display contained 174567 at
completion.

CON= NOOl56240
I M20016701

The expand printout bit (Paragraph 4.3.2)
caused the Next command to be automatically followed by a command M, display
memory data.

MULTIPLE FUNCTION CPU COMMAND GROUP

Several of the most frequently used basic commands were combined to make this group of five multiple function CPU commands available (Table 4-4). They are useful, first, in their efficiency; fewer
keystrokes are required for a given result. Second, the data display is in a much easier format to read.
The commands in this group may be mixed in a command string with each other, but may not be
mixed with the basic CPU commands. Appendix A.I.I includes examples showing that syntax errors
result from such mixing.

4.5.1

Command / (Slash), Open a 16-Bit Word Location

This command performs a load address and examine of the 16-bit word address specified by the octal
value that must precede it. This command may be modified by adding another prefix, command $, to
indicate a register examine instead (Paragraph 4.3.7). This command is illegal if issued when the CPU
is running. Command / sets the memory data display multiplexer to position I, data paths (Paragraph
4.4.4); the address display multiplexer is unaffected.

4-15

Examples:
CON= Hmo 1000137 <CR>
CON=

(Open memory location 1000.)

CON= $6/000700 @
00000700/016701

(Perform indirect reference using contents of
register 6.)

Examples which indicate how command $ performs when in combination with either 16-bit words or
8-bit bytes are included in Paragraph 4.5.2.

Table 4-4

Summary of Multiple Function CPU Command Group

Multiple
Function
Command

Equivalent
Basic
Commands

Description

Paragraph
Reference

nL E

Open a 16-bit word location

4.5.1

none

Open an 8-bit byte location

4.5.2

[n] <CR>

[n]D

Close an open location (can be used with
basic commands to provide a new line. <NL»

4.5.3

[n] <LF>

[n]D nL E

Close an open location. then open next
sequential location and display its contents

4.5.4

[n]D nL E

Open an indirect location by using the
contents of the currently open location

4.5.5

4.5.2 Command \ (Backslash), Open an 8-Bit Byte Location
The command \, available only in Microcode Version V02, performs a load address and examine of
the 8-bit byte at the address' specified by the octal value that must precede it. Successive line feeds are
used to display successive 8-bit bytes. This sequence is shown in the octal/hexadecimal comparative
examples that follow. Command \ may be modified by adding another prefix, command $, to specify
that a register is to be opened (Paragraph 4.3.7). Command • (single quote) or" (double quote) may be
used to select octal or hexadecimal display format after a location has been opened as shown in the
example in Paragraph 4.3.9. When a processor register is specified ($00 through $17) the first byte
displayed is the low-order 8-bit byte of that register.
This command is illegal if issued when the CPU is running. Command \ sets the memory data display
multiplexer to position 1 (data paths) described in Paragraph 4.4.4; the address display multiplexer is
unaffected.
Comparative Examples:
For these examples, assume that the three consecutive words are as shown in Illustration 4-2.

4-16

OCTAL
WORD
CONTENTS

HIGH-ORDER BYTE

LOW-ORDER BYTE

I
I

041101
01100

100110,011000 1 001

01100

101010101 1 000 1011

042103

043105
01100

10111010110001101

HIGH
ORDER
BYTE
EQUALS

LOW
ORDER
BYTE
EQUALS

102

101

104

103

106

105
MA-4317

Illustration 4-2

Use of commands / and \ with command $ to access processor registers:
16-Bit (j)
CON= $0/041101 <LF>
17777701/042103 <LF>
17777702/043105

8-Bit (\)
CON= $0\ 101 <LF>
17777700H\102 <LF>
17777701 L \ 103<LF>
17777701 H\104
(Note that H or L address suffix
indicates that byte is low-order
or high-order.)

Use of commands / and \ to access memory data:
16-Bit(j)
CON= 1000/041101 <LF>
00001002/042103 <LF>
00001004/043105

8-Bit (\)
CON= 1000\101 <LF>
0000100\ 102 <LF>
00001002\103 <LF>
00001003\104

The previous examples include six-digit octal displays which represent two ASCII characters packed
into a 16-bit word. The binary contents of the high-order bytes are not readily apparent in the octal
displays. Further explanation and a translation table are provided in Appendix D, ASCII Character
Set.

4-17

4.5.3 Command <CR>, Close Location
This command closes a previously opened location. It is recognized by the electronic console for
closing a location only if the location was opened with command @" /, or <LF> (multiple function
commands). Any data argument typed while the location is open is deposited in that location before it
is closed. This command is always echoed as <NL> «CR> <LF» and may be used at any time to
provide a new line.

Exampies:
CON= 1002/000137 240 <CR> <NL>
CON=
CON= 1002/000137 <CR> <NL>

240 (NOP) is deposited in location 1002.
Location 1002 is opened and closed without
depositing data. I f no data is typed, no data is
deposited. Note the Microcode Version VOl
precaution concerning Delete in Paragraph
4.3.10.

4.5.4 Command <LF>, Open Sequential Location
When a location has been opened, this command causes any octal value typed to be deposited in that
location, closes the location, opens the next sequential location, and prints the new address and its
contents. This command is illegal if the location was not opened by a command @, /, or a previous
command <LF>.

Example:
CON= 1000/000137 <LF>
00001002/002000 <LF>
00001004/012706
4.5.5 Command @, Open Indirect Location
The command @ may be used only after a 16-bit word location is opened by a command /. The
contents of the currently open location are used as the address of the next location to be opened. When
a location is open and octal data is typed, command @ causes the data to be deposited in the current
location before being used as the address of the next location to be opened. Microcode Versions VOl
and V02 do not respond identically to the command @ when an I/O page address is specified.

Example: (Microcode Version VOl)
CON = 1012/002000 @
00002000/177742 @
17777742/004010

In this example bits 13, 14, and 15 of the contents of location 2000 are ones. As a result, in CPU
instruction execution or electronic console command response, bits 16 through 21 are masked with
ones and I/O page address 17777742 is referenced. This is consistent with the way locations are referenced by the CPU when the I/O page is specified.

4-18

Example: (Microcode Version V02)
CON = 1012/002000 @
00002000/177742@
00177742/102742
Since Microcode Version VO I does not sense the status of bits 13, 14, and 15, and no masking of bits 16
through 21 is provided, the referenced address is 00177742, not the expected I/O page address
17777742.
To examine the CPU instruction execution path, you must use the following sequence of electronic
console commands instead:
CON= 1021/002000@
00002000/177742 <CR>
CO N = 17777742/0040 I 0
4.6 SYSTEM PROGRAMMING CONSIDERATIONS
System programming is unaffected by installation of an electronic console with only two exceptions.
The electronic console logic includes two peripheral devices that appear on the system's UNIBUS. One
of these replaces the DL II-A serial line interface which is removed when the electronic console is
installed on a system. The second device is the equivalent of a K W II-L line clock. This may be used,
optionally, to replace a similar, pre-existing device on the system. Jumper W3 on the M8255 microprocessor module, if left in place, disables the M8255 clock and allows the existing system clock to
continue to provide that function;
4.6.1 DLII-A
As described in the DLll-A Technical Manual (EK-DLII-TM), the DLII-A contains four registers
which are addressed on the UNIBUS:
17777560
17777562
17777564
17777566

Receiver Status Register
Receiver Data Buffer
Transmitter Status Register
Transmitter Data Buffer

A receiver interrupt causes the interrupt PC and PSW to be from locations 60 and 62 respectively. A
transmitter interrupt causes the interrupt PC and PSW to be from locations 64 and 66 respectively.
The operation of the DL II-A equivalent* electronic console option is identical to the actual DL II-A
option. Three additional status bits appear in the transmitter status register (17777564) if switch five on
DIP switch EI9 on the 54-12781 multiplexer module is set to the OFF position. (This switch is normally ON if an LA36 is used as the system console terminal.) These bits are:
Bit 5

Remote active is set to one if the keyswitch is in REMOTE or REMOTE DISABLE.

Bit 4

Console state is set to one when the electronic console is in console or talk state.

Bit 3

Console present is always one.

* The electronic console provides DLII-A equivalent logic when used with DIGITAL terminals; VT100 must
be operated at a transmission baud rate of 1200 or less.

4-19

CAUTION
Since bit state is determined by electronic console
operation, programming that assumes the presence
of a DLII-A option may behave unpredictably with
the D L ll-A equivalent in the electronic console.
4.6.2 KWII-L
The KW! !-L equivalent option in the electronic console operates exactly as the KWII-L option described in the KWI l-L Technical Manual (EK-KWII L-TM). Its control and status register is fixed at
location 17777546, and a line clock interrupt causes the interrupt PC and PSW to be from locations
100 and 102 respectively. Because the K W II-L option is normally present as a system option, the
K W II-L logic within the electronic console is usually disabled. This is accomplished by leaving M8255
jumper W3 in place. If the KWII-L option is not present, jumper W3 may be removed to enable
equivalent logic.

4-20

CHAPTER 5
HARDWARE FAILURE PROCEDURES

5.1 SCOPE
This chapter provides procedures for reporting either suspected or confirmed system malfunctions to
the Service Response Group (SRG) in the DIGITAL Diagnostic Center (DOC). When you call the
DOC to report a hardware failure, they will begin diagnostic testing within minutes. DIG IT AL's
remote diagnosis services are dedicated to getting your system back on-line in the shortest possible
time.
Figure 5-1 is a concise hardware failure reporting procedure, suitable for posting near the telephone
that will be used to call the DOC. Sheet 1 of 3 summarizes the entire reporting and repair process and
indicates that Hthe DOC will" guide the user through each step. Sheets 2 of 3 and 3 of 3, and the
remainder of this chapter, provide general procedural information for the user who may observe, or be
involved in, remote diagnostic testing.

5-1

REQUEST REPAIR

CALL

SERVICE

THE DOC 1 cL~PHONE NUivi6ER

THE DIGITAL DIAGNOSIS CENTER
provides remote diagnosis service
24 hours a day, 7 days a week
You should report all types of hardware failure:
Processor or Peripheral
Identified or Suspected
Hard or Intermittent

WHEN YOU CALL:

The DOC will ask you to identify:
Yourself
Your company
The site address
The system type and serial number
A phone number where you can be reached

The DOC will ask you about the problem:
What symptoms were (or are) present?
What error messages were printed on the terminal?

The DOC will tell you:
How to prepare the system for rernl)te diagnosis.

The DOC will:
Begin the appropriate test procedure almost immediately.
Notify the local DIGITAL office that your system
is under test.

The DOC will inform you of test results.
The local DIGITAL office will complete the repair on-site.
The DOC wi II verify that the system has been restored to
normal operation.

Figure 5-1

Remote Diagnosis Hardware Failure Reporting Procedure
(Sheet I of 3)

5-2

Although the DOC will guide you through the various testing procedures,
the following descriptions of typical sequences may be helpful.
IF THE CONSOLE FAULT INDICATOR IS LIGHTED
The failure is within the remote diagnosis hardware.
Remote test procedures are not applicable.
On·site repair service will be scheduled.
• THE DOC MAY REMIND YOU THAT:
It is possible for an operating system to run normally
and be unaffected by a lighted FAULT indicator.
If the failure was transient, a power-down/power-up
sequence may clear the FAULT indicator.
•

• WHEN MAINTENANCE DIAGNOSTICS ARE TO BE RUN BY THE DOC:
The DOC may ask you to:
Dismount operating system media.
Mount scratch media on designated devices.
Mount DOC diagnostic volume on designated device.
Ensure modem or DAA "NORMAL" operation is selected.
Turn keyswitch to REMOTE position which will give DOC
control of the system.
The DOC will connect its host computer and begin testing.
The CARRIER and TEST indicators will be turned on (and may be
turned off and on at intervals). The REMOTE position of the
keyswitch should not be changed until requested by the DOC.
The DOC may "talk" to you at the system terminal.
If the failure is intermittent, extended monitoring may be
necessary to resolve the problem.
After testing, the local DIGITAL office will complete the repair
If DOC diagnostic testing produces indeterminate results,
they may request access to the operating system for on-line
problem analysis .
• WHEN DOC ACCESS TO THE OPERATING SYSTEM IS PERMITTED:
The DOC may ask you to:
Mount operating system media
Boot the system
Turn the keyswitch to the REMOTE DISABLE position; the
DOC may ask that the R EMOTE position be selected to
permit them to do crash dumps and other operating system
related data testing.
Provide DOC with an account number and password
The DOC will log-in and begin testing.
The CARRIER and TEST indicators will be turned on (and may
be turned off and on at intervals). The kevswitch position
should not be changed until requested by DOC.
The system terminal will echo DOC/CPU dialogue.
The system terminal keyboard may be disabled.
The DOC may "talk" to you at the system terminal.
After testing, the local DIGITAL office will complete the repair.

Figure 5-\

Remote Diagnosis Hardware Failure Reporting Procedure
(Sheet 2 of 3)

5-3

• PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
Prpvpntivp. maintenance diagnostic sessions which will include
DOC testing (also extended monitoring for intermittent failure)
will be scheduled by the local DIGITAL office subject to
constraints imposed by customer ~equirements.

• DIGITAL SUPPLIED DAA 5 AND MODEM 5
The remote diagnosis hardware may include a DIGITAL
supplied DAA or MODEM. The direct connection of
these devices to a dedicated telephone line is regulated
by the FCC (in the U.S.A.) or similar governmental
authority.
THE CUSTOMER IS ULTIMATELY RESPONSIBLE
FOR COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE REGULATIONS
DIGITAL-supplied DAA s or MODEM s which fail are usually
exchanged, not field repaired. Only the manufacturer or
authorized agents may repair such equipment. Site personnel
are responsible to ensure that the telephone company is
notified when an exchange involves units which are electrically.
different and/or have differing FCC registration numbers.

• FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION, SEE:
The DOC section of the Site Management Guide
KYll-R USER GUIDE, EK-KYll R-UG
OPERATOR'S REFERENCE SUMMARY, EK-KYll R-UG, Appendix F

Figure 5-1

Remote Diagnosis Hardware Failure Reporting Procedure
(Sheet 3 of 3)

5-4

5.2 ELECTRONIC CONSOLE MALFUNCTION (FAULT CONDITION)
Lighting of FAULT indicates that the electronic console has detected an error. This may occur either
during the self-test initiated at power-up or at any time during normal system operation. If the failure
occurs while a program is running, the program mayor may not continue running normally.
When there is a failure indication, proceed as follows.
I.

It is possible for a transient problem to cause a failure indication. To determine if FAULT
can be cleared, you must do a power-downjpower-up sequence.
CAUTION
Before proceeding, determine the operating state of
the system and consider the consequences of such action. If the system is running normally, it may continue to do so even with FA UL T lighted.

Turn the keyswitch to OFF; all indicators will go out.
2.

Turn the keyswitch to any on position (such as LOCAL); if FA U L T turns on momentarily,
then turns off, the malfunction has cleared and normal system operation may continue. Any
indication of transient failure should be reported to the DDC so preventive maintenance
testing may be scheduled if necessary.

If, however, FAULT lights and remains lighted, you should contact the DDC for fault
analysis.

Within the U.S.A. but outside Colorado, dial 1-800-525-6570. Within Colorado, dial 1-800332-7189.
Customers in Canada are requested to contact the DDC by using the procedure provided by
their local DIG IT AL office. In other countries, the telephone arrangements are subject to
various governmental regulations and the specific procedure is detailed in the Operator's
Reference Summary (Appendix F).
Provide the following information.
•
•
•
•
•
•

Customer name (company)
Caller's name and phone number
Address and location of system
System type and serial number
Description of problem
Device and device number on which the diagnostic tape or disk is mounted

The DDC will log your call into the cumulative maintenance records for your system and
then notify the appropriate local DIGITAL branch service office that a service call must be
scheduled to perform corrective maintenance on the system.

5-5

5.3

SYSTEM MALFUNCTION (HARDWARE, HARD FAILURE)

A hard failure is an error that occurs repeatedly and cannot be cleared. If this type of failure is present,
perform the following procedure.
I.

If possible, determine which option or device has failed.

Contact the DOC.

The DOC will determine if remedial diagnostic testing is applicable. If it is not, they will
contact the appropriate local DIG IT AL branch service office, which will then schedule a
service call to perform the required corrective maintenance. If, however, diagnostic testing is
applicable, the DOC will probably ask you to:
a.

Remove all system software media from the system.

Mount scratch media for all options or devices to be tested. In certain system crashes
(such as CPU hung), the DDC may request that only the system disk media be write
locked and a snapshot of the CPU and peripherals be taken.

Load the system-specific DDC diagnostic volume (remote diagnosis package) on the
appropriate device.

If the installation uses a telephone company installed Data Access Arrangement
(DAA) that includes a handset, ensure that the handset is properly cradled in the hook.
Also, ensure that the DAA test switch is in the normal (not test) operating position.
If, however, the installation uses a DIGITAL-supplied DAA or stand-alone external
modem, you need only ensure that switches are in their normal operating (not test)
positions. The DOC always initiates the call that connects the site system with the
DOC host computer.

Turn the electronic console keyswitch to REMOTE; the REMOTE indicator will light.

The DOC will perform diagnostic testing in an attempt to duplicate and isolate system
failures. The local DIG IT AL branch service office will have been alerted by the DDC
that the system is being tested. During this testing, the DDC has complete control of
the system. The DOC has access to console, program I/O, and talk states. The remote
operator can boot the system, perform I/O functions, and, in the talk state, print information for, or solicit information from the site operator at the system terminal.

When the DOC host computer is connected to the site system, CARRIER will be
turned on. While diagnostic testing is in progress, TEST will be turned on.

During the diagnostic testing period, CARRIER may be observed turning off and on.
This is a normal condition, and no local action should be taken. The DOC may, for
example, start a diagnostic running, disconnect during the testing period (which will
turn off CARRIER), and then reconnect to evaluate the results and continue the session.

5-6

If it becomes necessary to have user response to DDC queries, or local system operation to duplicate a failure condition, the DDC will notify the site operator by telephone to monitor the system terminal for instructions.

After completion of the tests, the DDC host computer will be disconnected, and TEST
and CARRIER will be turned off.

The DDC will notify the local office of their determination of the problem and advise
what remedial action should be taken.

The local branch office will contact the customer and schedule corrective action as
required.

5.4 SYSTEM MALFUNCTION (INTERMITTENT OR SOFTWARE FAILURE)
Although the procedure described in Paragraph 5.3 usually resolves intermittent hardware failures,
they may not be exercised or detected by diagnostics. Also, system software may aggravate marginal
hardware components or may itself cause ambiguous error symptoms. Generally, these problems are
very difficult to duplicate and/or define.
Upon completion of diagnostic testing, it may be determined that the reported system fault is an
intermittent or operating system related problem. Software specialists are available either at the DDC
or other DIGITAL facilities to support the DDC. Depending upon the system software and the expertise available within DDC, a team effort may be applied in an attempt to duplicate the problem. Any
procedure to isolate system failures by using the operating system is attempted only with the customer's authorization. If this action is to be taken the DDC will probably ask you to:
I.

Turn the electronic console keyswitch to LOCAL.

Unload scratch media and install system-operating software media.

Boot the system as outlined in Paragraph 3.2 and the Operator's Reference Summary (Appendix F).

Turn the keyswitch to REMOTE DISABLE. The REMOTE and DISABLE indicators will
light.

Notify the DDC that the system is ready for testing.

Supply the DDC with an operating system account number and password.

The DDC will log onto the system; CARRIER will turn on when the connection is made.
TEST will remain off if the microcode version is VOl; however, in V02, TEST will be on
when testing is in progress.

With the keyswitch in REMOTE DISABLE and the system software running, the system
terminal will log commands and messages received and transmitted by the DDC. The system
terminal keyboard will be disabled to prevent operator intervention.

5-7

9. The DOC will give the local branch office a description of the problem and tell them
whether or not the DOC was able to isolate the failure. The local branch office will schedule
corrective action if required.
10. The branch office will determine (in all cases) the course of action to be followed in resolving
customer requests for service.

5-8

APPENDIX A
CONSOLE AND ERROR MESSAGES

A.l ERROR MESSAGES
The messages described in this section are system-generated as a result of incorrectly entered commands, or faults detected by the logic.
A.1.1 ?SYN ER , Syntax Error
This error message is generated whenever the electronic console detects any command that does not
conform to the required format.
[[ <OPTIONAL VALUE> <SEPARATOR> ]<ARGU MENT> ]<COM MAND>[ <RESPONSE> ]<ACK NOWLEDGEMENT>

Paragraph 4.2 describes this format in greater detail.
The syntax error message also results from an attempt to mix commands from the multiple function
command group with basic CPU commands.
Example:

Attempted use of the basic command D to deposit data into a location opened by a
command / (slash) - from the multiple function CPU command group - causes a
syntax error message.
CON= 1000/041101 041102D
?SYN ER
CON=

Example;

If a location has been opened and examined by the basic commands Land E, an
attempt to open the next sequential address using the command < LF> (from the
mUltiple function CPU command group) causes a syntax error message.
CON= 1000L~E041101 <LF>
?SYN ER
CON=

A.1.2 ?RUN ER , Illegal (If CPU Is Running) Command Error
Certain CPU commands are illegal if issued when the processor is in the run state. The console echoes
the illegal command and prints an error message. This applies to the following commands.

A-I

Commands

Command Category

<CTRL/D> . L. /. \

Load address

C.G,P,S

Start or continue instruction execution

Deposit data
Initialize systerp

Electronic console self-test

A.I.3 ?ER/Tl4411, Memory Reference Error
Any command that references memory may result in an address or parity error. The illegal command
is terminated immediately, and an error message which includes CPU status is printed. The two loworder bits of the CPU status response define whether address or parity error (or both) have occurred
(Figure 4-5).
CON= iiiii200/?ER/T14411

Attempt to reference nonexistent memory.

A.I.4 ?CON ER, Console Logic Fault
FA UL T is turned on whenever the electronic console detects an internal error condition. If the logic
required to do so remains operative, the ?CON ER message will be printed on the terminal. The
console performs error checking on internal bus activity continuously, and a self-check routine is
invoked at power-on or by command V. A fault may be detected at power-on when all indicators,
except CARRIER (but including FAULT), are on at the same time. If the logic by which the indicators are turned off is inoperative, they may all remain on.
A.I.5 +, Serial Line Error
This error message is generated when the electronic console detects a bit format error in the serial line
logic. A loose connection or typing too fast are typical causes of this error condition.
A.2 CONSOLE MESSAGES
The messages described in the following paragraphs display electronic console or CPU status and/or
test results.
A.2.1 #, CPU Response Time-out
A CPU command typed at the system terminal is processed through the electronic console to the CPU.
The CPU response is processed through the electronic console back to the terminal. I f, after forwarding a command to the CPU, the electronic console does not receive a CPU response within the maximum 100 msec allowed, it will abort the command and print the # symbol followed by the CON =
prompt.
For example, if the single bus cycle switch is on and a CPU command such as load address is issued,
the time-out symbol will be printed. The operator would clear the single bus cycle switch by typing a
command K, then reissue the command that failed.
Example:
CON= 200L#
CON=

A-2

A.2.2

*H, Programmed Halt

If the CPU executes a programmed halt, the console prints a halt message including a < BELL>, the
halt address, and the CPU status. The serial line multiplexer is left in the state it was in prior to the halt
(console or program I/O). A programmed halt message is printed with an asterisk (*) prefix to distinguish it from an electronic console command H (halt). See Paragraph 4.4.13.

A.2.3

?CAR ER , Carrier Lost

Upon detection of carrier lost, the console will print a message on the system terminal and initialize the
remote line protocol in preparation for reconnection. This message may be incidental to a DDC test
seSSIOn.
The DDC may initiate a diagnostic session, disconnect during the period of testing, then reconnect to
evaluate results and continue the session. If the carrier lost message is printed, and CARRIER goes
off, but TEST stays on, the DDC is using that test procedure.

A.2.4

V000377 Successful Completion of Self-Test

During power-up initialization the electronic console forces a command V, which initiates a self~test.
As described in Paragraph 3.2.2, the message indicates either successful or unsuccessful completion of
segments of the self-test routine. If this message is printed with any bit error indicating a failure (such
as VOOI377), FAULT will also be on. An unsolicited V000377 message on the system terminal is
evidence that a power failure occurred; the message indicates that a successful self-test occurred when
power came back on.

A-3

APPENDIX B
BOOTSTRAP PROCEDURES

System-specific bootstrap details are provided in the Operator's Reference Summary (Appendix F).
B.l

M9301 BOOTSTRAP
I.

Type <CTRL/P> H to enter console state and halt whatever program may be running.

From Table B-1, determine the appropriate command string for the device on which the
source medium is loaded. Enter the command string, using the example below as a guide.
(The example assumes RP04, drive 0.)

Switch Register Value ------------::::L.-,
070 117765000 G
Least Significant Digit Is Driv_e_N_u_m_be_r_ _ _ _ _T__. . . .
Argument Separator (comma)
Starting Address - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - '
Start Program, Enables Program I/O - - - - - - - - - - - - -.....

<CTRL/P> A P <BELL>
CON= HOOI53304/TI441070,17765000G ROOOOO070 <NL>
RSTS V06B 02 BUBU (DBO)
The R prompt (read switch register, Microcode Version V02 only) is printed to remind the
operator that the switch register must now be set to the predetermined value which the CPU
expects in a power-fail (power-going-down) situation (in this example, all ones).
3.

Type <CTRL/P> to enter the console state.

Type 17777777W, which will write all ones to the switch register.

As a verification that the entry was made correctly, type the command R, which results in a
printout of the switch register setting.

Type the command Z, which selects the program I/O state and returns the terminal to
program control.
<CTRL/P> A P <BELL>
CON= 17777777W I1R17777777 Z <NL>
(Output, if any, is under program control.)

B-1

Table B-1

M9301 Command String Definition
Command String

\19301
Variant
-YC
-YC

Switch
Register
Setting·

Device
TMII
TCII
RK05
RP02. RP03
RK06. RK07
TUI6
RP04. 05. 06. RM03
RS04
RXOI
PCll

-YC
-YC
-YH
-YC
-YC
-YC
-YC
-YH

Separator

010
020
010

040
050
060
070
100
110
120

Starting
Address

17765000
17765000
17765000
17765000
17765000
17765000
17765000
17765000
17765000
17765000

G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G

* Note that the least significant digit of the switch register setting is the drive number.

B.2

BM873 AND MRII-DB BOOTSTRAPS

Table B-2 provides BM873-YA, BM873-YB, and MRII-OB bootstrap command string definitions.
The switch register value is (except in four instances) assumed to be zero and is not required in the
command string. In those four instances (when the drive number is other than zero), the drive number
must be entered as the switch register value.

Table B-2

BM873 and MRIl-DB Command String Definition

BM873-YA

Device
KLII
PCII
RCII
RFII
RKII
RKll
RPII
RPII
RS04
RS04
TAll
TAil
TCII
TMII
TII6

BM873-YB

Starting
Address

Switch Register
Setting
(Drive Number)

773210 G
773312 G
773144 G
773000G
773010 G

oassumed
oassumed
oassumed
oassumed
oassumed

I through 7

773100 G

oassumed

I through 7
oassumed
I through 7
o assumed
I through 7
o assumed
oassumed
oassumed

773230 G

773030 G
773050 G

Separator

Command String Example 1:
Assume KL 11 and BM873- Y A bootstrap.

<CTRL/P> "P <BELL>
CON= 773210G <NL>
RSTS V06B 02 BUBU (OK)

B-2

MRII-DB
Starting
Address

(M792-YD)
(M792-YE)

773510 G
773620 G
773212G
773136G
773030G
773032 G
773350 G
773352 G
773000 G
773002 G
773524 G
773526 G
773070 G
773110G
773150G

773220G
773100G
773110G

773154 G

773120G
773136G

Command String Example 2:
Assume RK II, BM873-VB, and drive 4.

<CTRLjP> A P <BELL>
CON= 4,773032G <NL>
RSTS V06B 02 BUBU (DKO)

B.3

M9312 BOOTSTRAP

System-specific M9312 bootstrap details are provided by the Operator's Reference Summary (Appendix F) when appropriate. The M9312 Technical Manual (EK-M9312-TM) provides M9312 ROM configuration details which are beyond the scope of this appendix.

B-3

APPENDIX C
SPECIFICATIONS

C.I SCOPE
The following are electrical and environmental specifications for the K Y II-R option. These specifications and particulars are for informational purposes only and are subject to change without notice:
Power Requirements

Typical Current
(Amperes, dc)

Nominal Voltage
(Volts, dc)

M8255 controller module

2.30
0.20
0.11

+ 5.0
+15.0
-15.0

54-12781 console interface

2.35
0.06
0.075

+ 5.0
+15.0
-15.0

54-12498 modem
(KYII-R and KYII-RC only)

0.06
0.03
0.03

+ 5.0
+15.0
-15.0

Total current of above items

4.710
0.290
0.215

+ 5.0
+15.0
-15.0

UNIBUS loading

The KYII-R presents one
dc bus load.

Environmental Characteristics
Temperature
Operating: 10 to 40 0 C (50 to 104 0 F).
Nonoperating: -40 to 66 0 C (-40 to 151 0 F).
Humidity

Operating and nonoperating:
10 to 95 percent, maximum wet bulb, 28 0 C
(82 0 F) and minimum dew point 2 0 C (36 0 F).

C-I

APPENDIX D
ASCII CHARACTER SET

0.1

OCTAL DISPLAY TO ASCII TRANSLATION

An ASCII character code (seven bits without parity or eight bits including parity) can be packed in
either the low-order or high-order byte of a 16-bit word. No unusual handling is required by hardware
or software in depositing or retrieving any character code to or from either byte.
There is an unusual problem, however, when you attempt to identify the two ASCII codes within a
word from an octal display.
As shown in Figure D-l, the byte boundary intersects the group of three binary bits which are read as
the third least significant octal digit. As a result, that digit must be (at least mentally) translated back
into binary and the bits assigned to the appropriate byte. It is then possible to read the low-order byte
contents directly as an ASCII code. The high-order byte contents present a more complex problem
which requires both binary bit manipulation and a translation table.
HIGH ORDER BYTE

BYTE BOUNDARY

LOW ORDER BYTE

PARITY

~15

02 01 00

%jl
0

o 0

4-EACH BYTE CONTAINS
BINARY 101, ASCII ,"A"

1 4-THE BINARY WORD

4-THE OCTAL WORD

r--,

IL __ I

+-IGNORE PARITY

_ _....,.----11

+-THIRD LEAST SIGNIFICANT
OCTAL DIGIT SEPARATED
INTO BYTE COMPONENTS
+-BYTE CONTENTS (OCTAL)

READ BIT 8 AS 0 OR 4 AND AS THE LEAST
SIGNIFICANT OCTAL DIGIT OF THE HIGHORDER BYTE. TRANSLATION TO THE
ASCII CHARACTER REQUIRES THE USE
OF TABLE D1 WHICH, FOR THIS EXAMPLE,
INDICATES THAT OCTAL 404 IN THE
HIGH-ORDER BYTE IS BINARY 101,
ASCII"A".

VISUALIZATION OF THE BINARY
TO OCTAL CONVERSION REQUIRES
THE ADDITION OF ASSUMED LEADING
AND TRAILING ZEROES

Figure D-I

READ BIT 6 AS 0 OR 1 AND AS
THE MOST SIGNIFICANT OCTAL
DIGIT OF THE ASCII CHARACTER
CODE IN THE LOW-ORDER BYTE

MA-5570

Octal Display to ASCII Translation

D-l

Table 0-1 provides both the ASCII character set codes and their corresponding translation to or from
the high-order byte.
Given a six-digit octal word which represents two packed ASCII character codes:
I.

Convert the third least significant octal digit to binary.

Read the ieast significant binary bil (bil 6) as a 0 Of 1 and as the fiist octal digit (0 or !) of the
low-order byte ASCI I character code.
Example:
(The octal word)

1 545 2 3

iIIO~)

Bit 6

(The ASCII code for the letter S)

Read the most significant binary bit (bit 8) as a 0 or 4 and as the last octal digit (0 or 4) of the
high-order byte octal contents. Note that the first digit of the octal word is parity (binary bit
15), which is ignored.
Example:
Ignore parity--..I 54 5 2 3 (The octal word)

========!~

1r;:::::1

544·

Bit 8

Table 0-1 indicates that 544 octal, read from the high-order byte, translates to ASCII character code
131, the letter Y.

Table D-l
ASCII
Character
Code

High-Order
Byte
Equivalent

000
001
002
003
004
005
006
007
010
011
012
013
014
015
016
017

ASCII Character Set

Hexadecimal

Decimal

Character

000
004
010
014
020
024
030
034

000
001
002
003
004
005
006
007

NUL
SOH (A A)
STX(A B)
ETX (A C)
EOT (A D)
ENQ (A E)
ACK (A F)
BEL(A G)

040
044
050
054
060
064
070
074

08
09

008
009
010
011
012
013
014
015

BS
HT
LF
VT (A K)
FF (A L)
CR
SO (A N)
SI(A 0)

01
02
03
04
05
06
07

OA
OB
OC

00
OE
OF

D-2

Table D-l

ASCII Character Set (Cont)

ASCII
Character
Code

High-Order
Byte
Equivalent

Hexadecimal

Decimal

Character

020
021
022
"023
024
025
026
027

100
104
110
114
120
124
130
134

10
II
12
13
14
15
16
17

016
017
018
019
020
021
022
023

OLE (A P)
DCI (A Q)
DC2 (A R)
DC3 (A S)
DC4 (A T)
NAK (A U)
SYN (A V)
ETB (A W)

030
031
032
033
034
035
036
037

140
144
150
154
160
164
170
174

18
19
IA
IB
IC
10
I.E
IF

024
025
026
027
028
029
030
031

CAN (A X)
EM (A Y)
SUB(A Z)
ESC
FS ( A\)
GS
RS
US

040
041
042
043
044
045
046
047

200
204
210
214
220
224
230
234

20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27

032
033
034
035
036
037
038
039

050
051
052
053
054
055
056
057

240
244
250
254
260
264
270
274

28
29
2A
2B
2C
20
2E
2F

040
041
042
043
044
045
046
047

060
061
062
063
064
065
066
067

300
304
310
314
320
324
330
334

30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37

048
049
050
051
052
053
054
055

0
I
2
3
4
5
6
7

070
071
072
073
074
075
076
077

340
344
350
354
360
364
370
374

38
39
3A
3B
3C
3D
3E
3F

056
057
058
059
060
061
062
063

8
9

0-3

#
$

%
&

<
>
?

Table 0-1

ASCII Character Set (Cont)

ASCII
Character
Code

High-Order
Byte
Equh'alent

Hexadecimal

Decimal

Character

100
101
102
103
\04
\05
106
107

400
404
410
414
420
424
430
434

40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47

064
065
066
067
068
069
070
071

110
112
113
114
115
116
117

440
444
450
454
460
464
470
474

48
49
4A
4B
4C
4D
4E
4F

072
073
074
075
076
077
078
079

H
I
J

120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127

500
504
510
514
520
524
530
534

50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57

080
081
082
083
084
085
086
087

P
Q
R
S

130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137

540
544
550
554
560
564
570
574

58
59
5A
5B
5C
5D
5E
5F

088
089
090
091
092
093
094
095

X
Y

140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147

600
604
610
614
620
624
630
634

60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67

096
097
098
099
100
101
102
103

150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157

640
644
650
654
660
664
670
674

68
69
6A
68
6C
6D
6E
6F

104
105
106
107
108
109
110

j
k
I

III

0-4

A
B
C

D
E
F
G

K
L
M

N
0

T
U
V

Z
[

\
]
A

a
b
c
d
e
f
g

m
n

Table D-I

ASCII Character Set (Cont)

ASCII
Character
Code

High-Order
Byte
Equivalent

Hexadecimal

Decimal

Character

160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167

700
704
710
714
720
724
730
734

70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77

112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119

170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177

740
744
750
754
760
764
770
774

78
79
7A
7B
7C
7D
7E
7F

120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127

x
Y
z

D-5

q
s
t

u
v

DEL (RUBOUT)

APPENDIX E
MICROCODE DIFFERENCES

Microcode Version V02 was introduced at CS revision H of the M8255 microprocessor module. The
functional differences between Microcode Versions VOl and V02 are noted throughout this manual.
Table E-I itemizes those features in which differences exist and indicates the operational consequences
in summary form. The table includes references to the paragraphs of this manual in which the feature
is discussed in depth.
Table E-I

Microcode Version VOI/V02 Differences

Item

Differences

POWER Indicator

VOl

On indicates that power is on.

V02

•

On indicates that power is on and program is running.

•

Blinking indicates that power is on and program has halted.

See Paragraph 2.5
DISABLE Indicator

VOl

On indicates that keyswitch is in LOCAL DISABLE or REMOTE DISABLE.

V02

•

On indicates that keyswitch is in LOCAL DISABLE or REMOTE DISABLE and program is running.

•

Blinking indicates that keyswitch is in LOCAL DISABLE or REMOTE
DISABLE and program has halted.

•

On indicates that DOC is testing.

•

Disabled in REMOTE DISABLE.'

See Paragraph 2.6
TEST Indicator

VOl

See Paragraph 2.9

V02

On indicates that DOC is testing.

Logic Verification
Message (following
error detection)

VOl

Will attempt to print message, then may attempt to print console error message and turn on FAULT.

V02

Will attempt to print message, then will always attempt to print console error
message and turn on FAULT.

VOl

Not available

V02

Absence of keyboard activity for twenty seconds while in console state causes
automatic setting of program I/O state.

See Paragraph 3.2.2.1
A utomatic setting of Program
I/O State to Prevent
Print Buffer Overflow
See Paragraph 3.4

E-I

Table E-I

Microcode Version VOI/V02 Differences (Cont)

Item

Differences

Read Switch Register
Prompt (a reminder to set
switch register to powerfail value)

VOl

Not available.

V02

R prompt follows any command that initiates or continues program instruction execution.

VOl

A backslash is echoed with each character as it is deleted.

V02

A backslash is echoed with first character deleted, but is not repeated as other
characters are deleted; a final backslash is printed when a new character, delimiter, or command is typed

VOl

Typing first character enables register contents transfer even if all typed-in
characters are deleted, leaving all zeros.

V02

Logic counts characters typed-in and deleted; if no characters remain in the
register, no transfer occurs.

VOl

Not consistent with CPU instruction execution.

V02

Bits 16 through 21 are masked with ones to provide access to I/O page; consistent with CPU instruction execution.

VOl

Used to modify commands <CTRL/D>, L, and /. Mask forces all bits except
six low-order bits to become ones.

V02

Used to modify commands <CTRL/D>, L, /' \, G, and S. Only bits above
most significant octal digit are masked to become ones.

Command • (single quote)

VOl

Not available.

See Paragraph 4.3.8

V02

Selects octal data display format.

Command" (double quote)

VOl

Not available.

See Paragraph 4.3.9

V02

Selects hexadecimal data display format.

Command \ (Backslash)

VOl

Not available.

See Paragraph 4.5.2

V02

Opens 8-bit byte location.

M 8255 Microprocessor
Module

VOl

CS Revision E

V02

CS Revision H

See Paragraphs 4.4.5.
4.4.16
Delete Display Format

See Paragraph 4.3. IO
Effect of Delete on
Temporary Input Register
Data Transfer
See Paragraph 4.3.10
Command @ Response to
I/O Page Indirect
Addressing
See Paragraph 4.5.5
Command $ Masks Address
to Open a Register

See Paragraph 4.3.7

(CS Revision)

E-2

APPENDIX F
OPERATOR'S REFERENCE SUMMARY

SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION:.=0='--_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
ELECTRONIC CONSOLE MICROCODE VERSION:.=0=2'--_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

•

NORMAL OPERATION

BOOTSTRAPMODU~:=~~_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
SYSTEM VOLUME I.D.:..=0=4'--_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
SYSTEM VOLUME RESIDES ON DRIVE:.=0=5:......-_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

1. TURN KEYSWITCH FROM OFF TO LOCAL

V000377

CON--=~=7=--_ _ _ _ _ _ _ ,~~=----------G-=GQ=-R----------

B
2. SET SWITCH REGISTER FOR POWER-DOWN
(

CTRLlP )

P <BELL>

CON=R~~='~_ _ _ _ _ _~~=2'___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ WZ
3. SET KEYSWITCH TO LOCAL OR LOCAL DISABLE

LOCAL DISABLE
("PANEL LOCK")

LOCAL
(NOT "PANEL LOCK")

4. SET SLIDE SWITCH FOR POWER-FAIL RESTART

GORUNl

BOHALT

~_ _ _ _ _ _ _ POSITION_=~=6:.__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

SYSTEM RESPONSE IF IN..=;;B=5

SYSTEM RESPONSE IF IN=B=5_ _ _ _ _ _ _ POSITION-=B=6' - -_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

•

SYSTEM PROBLEM REPORTING
1. REPORT ANY HARDWARE MAINTENANCE PROBLEM
CONTACT DIGITAL'S SERVICE RESPONSE GROUP; TELEPHONE NUMBER:=:G=7_ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

2. LOAD DIAGNOSTIC VOLUME
DIAGNOSTIC VOLUME I.D.:=GJ=8_ _ _ _ _ _ MOUNT ON DRIVE:=B=9_ _ _ _ _ _ __
MA-4348

F-l

F.l INSTRUCTIONS FOR FILLING OUT OPERATOR'S REFERENCE SUMMARY
Although the electronic console is primarily a remote diagnosis device, normal system operating procedures are affected by its installation. The Operator's Reference Summary is a convenient form for
posting the new procedures with system-specific details. The form will be most useful if it is completed
jointly by the DIGITAL Field Service Engineer and responsible site personnel at the time an electronic
console is installed. Each of the following instructions is keyed to an item on the Operator's Reference
Summary.
,.

Enter any number and/or name by which the site personnel usually identify the system.

Type <CTRL/E> to determine the microcode version (such as V02) and enter it.

Enter the bootstrap module type.

Enter the number and/or name that identifies the system volume.

Enter the identification and number of the drive on which the system volume will be
mounted.

VOOO377 is a system-generated verification of a successful electronic console self-test.

Enter the switch register setting required for system bootstrapping.

Enter the starting address required for system bootstrapping.

Microcode Version V02 and later versions will print this command R prompt (read switch
register contents). Enter the same data as in step 7.

10.

Enter the system response to the completion of bootstrapping and the operating system
coming up.

11.

R is the command read switch register contents. Enter the same data as in step 7.

12.

Enter the switch register setting for power going down.

13. Check the one box that indicates normal operation for this system.
14.

Check the one box that indicates the required setting for power coming up.

15.

List the two switch positions not checked in step 14.

16.

Enter the system response to each swjtch setting following a power-down, power-up cycle.

17.

Enter the DOC telephone number here and at the top of Figure 5-1, sheet 1 of 3.

18.

Enter the number and/or name that identifies the diagnostic volume.

19.

Enter the identification and number of the drive on which the diagnostic volume will be
mounted.

F-2

GLOSSARY/INDEX

A
A

(Display CPU Address Register Contents Command)
(4.4.1)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
A system-generated space character which is printed on the system terminal following successful
completion of certain commands.
(3.4.1) (3.4.2) (3.4.3) (3.4.4)
ADDRESS DISPLAY REGISTER (MULTIPLEXER)
CPU logic which can be set, by command A or N with a data argument, to anyone of seven
display modes and provides a display of CPU address information in response to command A or
N.
(4.3.4) (4.4.1) (4.4.19)
ADDRESS REGISTER
CPU logic in which the current address is stored.
(4.3.7) (4.4.3) (4.4.8) (4.4.9)
ARGUMENT
A number, typed as a prefix to a command, representing an address, a value to be deposited, or a
display multiplexer position.
(4.2.1) (4.2.2)
ARGUMENT SEPARATOR
A comma used to separate the switch register setting from the data argument within a command
string.
(4.2.1) (4.2.2)
B
BASIC COMMAND
(See CPU Control - Basic Commands.)
BM873 BOOTSTRAP
(B.2)

G-l

BOOTSTRA PPING
Use of a comparatively simple program to load. and usually start, a larger. more complex program.
(2.2.3) (3.2) (3.2.3)
BYTE LOCATION
Command \ opens an 8-bit byte location: <LF> or <CR> closes a byte location. (Available in
Microcode Version V02 oniy.)
(4.3.7) (4.3.8) (4.5.2) (4.5.3) (4.5.4)

c
C

(Continue Program Instruction Execution Command)
(4.4.11)

CR (Close an Open Location or New Line Command)
(4.5.3)
CARRIER
A modem signal, modulated by data and transmitted over telephone circuits, by which the DOC
communicates with a system under test.
(2.2.3) (2.8) (4.3.2)
CARRIER ERROR DISABLE
Controlled by bit 5 <040> of the console control register in Microcode Version VOl; used to
eliminate the printing of carrier error message when the DOC intentionally breaks telephone
connection.
(4.3.2)
CARRIER INDICATOR
Located on the electronic console front panel; the word CARRIER is lighted whenever the remote serial interface detects a carrier signal from the modem.
(2.8) (2.9) (3.2.2) (5.3)
CARRIER LOST
The electronic console prints the message ?CAR ER when the carrier signal from the modem is
lost. This may occur as a result of a malfunction; however, an intentional DOC disconnection
from the telephone line is also a possible cause.
(2.2.3) (4.3.2) (A.2.3)
COMMAND
Any character code which is recognized and processed by the electronic console microcode to
provide operator-desired results.
(Chapter 4)
COMMAND STRING
Sequence of option value, argument separator, argument, command response, and acknowledgement by which an operator controls the electronic console and / or CPU.
(3.4.4) (4.2) (4.2.2)

G-2

COMMAND SYMBOLS
The following symbols are used as electronic console commands:

(Open Register Address)
(4.3.7)
(Single quote - Select Octal Data Display Format)
(4.3.8)
(Double quote - Select Hexadecimal Data Display Format)
(4.3.9)
(Comma - Argument Separator)
(4.2.1)

(Slash - Open a 16-bit Word Location)
(4.5.1)

(Backslash - Open an 8-Bit Byte)
(4.5.2)

(Open an Indirect Location)
(4.5.5)

CON=
The prompt printed on the system terminal to indicate that the electronic console is in console
state and ready to process a command.
(3.2.2)
CONSOLE CONTROL COMMANDS
Commands that are implemented within the electronic console and do not directly affect the
CPU.
(4.3)
CONSOLE CONTROL REGISTER
A 6 or 7-bit register within the electronic console. The bits can be set, cleared, or displayed to
enable or disable operational features.
(4.3.2)
CONSOLE LOGIC FAULT
The electronic console performs continuous internal logic self-testing. If a failure is detected,
FAUL T is turned on and the message ?CON ER is printed on the system terminal.
(2.10) (3.2.2.1) (A. 1.4)
CONSOLE ST ATE
Entered by typing <CTRL/P>; allows site or remote operator to communicate with the electronic console.
(2.2.3) (2.2.4) (3.2.2) (3.3.1) (3.3.3) (3.4.4) (4.3.4) (4.3.5) (4.3.6) (4.3.8) (4.3.9) (4.4.1) (4.4.11)
(4.4.16)

G-3

CONTINUE PROGRAM INSTRUCTION EXECUTION
Command C
(3.4.4) (4.4.11)
CPU CONTROL - BASIC COMMANDS
Commands that are passed through the electronic console to control operation of the CPU.
(4.4)
CPU CONTROL - MULTIPLE FUNCTION COMMANDS
ODT -like commands that provide the equivalent functionality of two or more basic commands.
(4.5)
CPU IDENTITY
Command <CTRLjE>
(4.3.1)
CPU RESPONSE TIME-OUT
The absence of CPU response, within 100 msec, to a signal from the electronic console causes the
# symbol to be printed on the system terminal as an error message.
(A.2.1 )
CPU STATUS
CPU status is displayed when a program halt instruction or electronic console command H is
executed, and in response to the command T.
(3.4.4) (4.4.6) (4.4.13)
D

(Deposit Command)
(4.4.8)

<CTRLjD> (Dump Memory Command)
(4.4.2)
DAA
(See Data Access Arrangement)
DATA ACCESS ARRANGEMENT (DAA)
A device that permits connection of privately owned data communications equipment into the
common carrier network (telephone lines). May be supplied by telephone company or governmental authority or privately owned; may be a stand-alone unit or incorporated into a modem.
(1.2) (5.3)
DATA TERMINAL READY (DTR)
A signal which, when asserted by the electronic console to the modem, enables interconnection of
the electronic console to the DDC over a telephone line.
(2.2.3) (2.2.4) (2.2.5) (3.3.1) (3.3.3) (4.3.6)

G-4

DOC
(See Digital Diagnostic Center.)
DELETE (Delete Last Character Typed-In Command)
(4.2.2) (4.3.10) (4.3.11)
DEPOSIT
Command 0
(3.4.2) (4.3.1 I) (4.4.8)
DIGITAL DIAGNOSTIC CENTER (DDC)
A facility staffed by remote diagnosis specialists who direct host computer diagnostic testing of
customer computer systems.
(1.4) (1.5) (2.2.4) (2.2.5) (2.7) (2.8) (2.9) (3.3.1) (3.3.3) (4.3.2) (4.3.6) (5.3)
DISABLE INDICATOR
Located on the electronic console front panel; the word DISABLE is lighted whenever the keyswitch is in LOCAL DISABLE or REMOTE DISABLE; may be blinking to indicate that the
program has halted.
(2.6)
DISCARD REMOTE PRINTOUT
Controlled by bit 5 <040> of the console control register in Microcode Version V02; used by the
DOC to eliminate program output during the running of diagnostics when the DOC is not connected to the system.
(4.3.2)
DLII-A
A PDP-II /70 serial line interface option. It is replaced by equivalent logic when an electronic
console is installed; equivalence here means when used with DIGITAL options; VT100 must be
operated at a transmission baud rate of 1200 or lower.
(4.6) (4.6.1)
DTR
(See Data Terminal Ready.)
DUMP MEMORY
Command <CTRL/D>
(4.3.8) (4.4.2)
E

(Examine Location Command)
(4.4.3)

<CTRL/E> (Identify System and Microcode Version Command)
(4.3.1)

G-5

ELECTRONIC CONSOLE
PDP-II/70 remote diagnosis option (KYII-R)
(1.1) (2.2.1) (2.2.5) (2.8) (2.10) (3.2) (4.1) (4.3) (4.3.4) (4.4)
EXAMINE
Command E
(3.4.1) (3.4.2) (3.4.3) (4.3.8) (4.4.3)
EXPAND PRINTOUT
Controlled by bit 3 <010> of the console control register; may be set to cause an automatic
display of the memory data display register following a command N (execute next instruction).
(4.3.2)

F
FAULT INDICATOR
An indicator on the electronic console front panel; the word FA UL T is lighted whenever an
internal logic failure is detected.
(2.10) (3.2.2.1) (5.5)
FORCE SWITCH REGISTER PROMPT
Controlled by bit 6 < 100> of the console control register. (See Switch Register Prompt.)
(4.3.1)
FREE PHONE
(See Toll-Free Telephone Number.)
G

(Go Command)
(4.4.12)

GO
Command G
(4.4.12)

H
H

(Halt Command)
(4.4.13)

HALT
A CPU state in which program instruction execution is inhibited; can be asserted by program
instruction or by a halt signal from the electronic console (power-fail restart switch or command
H).
(2.3) (3.4.4) (4.4.11) (4.4.13) (A.2.2)

G-6

HEXADECIMAL DATA DISPLAY
Electronic console Microcode Version V02 provides not only the usual octal display but also, in
response to command" (double quote), set hexadecimal display format.
(3.4.1) (4.3.8) (4.3.9) (4.5.2)
HOST COMPUTER
A computer system, located at the DOC, programmed for use by remote diagnosis specialists in
the testing and analysis of customer system failure.
(1.4) (2.8) (2.9) (3.3.3) (4.3.2) (5.3)

I
(Initialize CPU Command)
(4.4.14)
INDIRECT ADDRESSING
Contents of a location are used as the address of the next instruction. When the microcode is
version 02, the electronic console follows the CPU instruction path in response to command @.
(4.5.5)
INITIALIZE CPU
Command I
(3.4.4) (4.3.8) (4.3.9) (4.4.12) (4.4.14) (4.4.16)
I/O PAGE AREA
Upper page of CPU memory, physical addresses ~ 16000000; the electronic console accesses
registers and I/O page area by masking leading zeros of an address with ones, command $.
(4.3.7)
J
J

(Set Single Bus Cycle Command)
(4.4.17)
K

(Clear Single Bus Cycle Command)
(4.4.18)

KEYSWITCH
A five-position rotary switch on the front panel of the electronic console that is customer controlled; used to select local or remote modes of operation.
(1.5) (2.1 through 2.2.5) (2.6) (2.9) (3.2.2)
KWII-L
A PDP-II /70 line clock option. The electronic console includes K W 11-L equivalent logic. The
system option is usually left unchanged and the redundant electronic console logic disabled.
(4.6.2)

G-7

KWII-L CONTROL AND STATUS REGISTER
Logic within both the electronic console K W II-L equivalent and the K W II-L option.
(4.6.2)
K Y II-R
The option designator for the PDP-II /70 Remote Diagnosis Electronic Console.
(See Electronic Console.)

L
L

(Load Address Command)
(4.4.9)

<CTRL/L> (Select Talk State Command)
(4.3.6)
LAMP TEST SWITCH
An unmarked pushbutton switch on the electronic console front panel; used to test all panel
indicator lamps simultaneously.
(2.4)
<LF> (Open and Close Sequential Locations Command)
(4.5.4)
LOAD ADDRESS
Command L
(3.4.1) (3.4.2) (3.4.3) (3.4.4) (4.4.9)
LOCAL
A keyswitch position that allows operator access to both console and program I/O states.
(2.2.3) (2.2.5) (3.2.2) (3.3.1) (4.3.2)
LOCAL CONTROL
Controlled by bit 1 <002> of the console control register. Used by the DDC to enable the site
system terminal to operate in parallel with the DDC terminal while the site operator re-creates a
system malfunction.
(4.3.2)
LOCAL COpy
Controlled by bit 0 <001> of the console control register. U sed by the 0 DC to provide the site
operator with an audit trail of remote diagnostic activity.
(4.3.2)
LOCAL DISABLE
A keyswitch position, equivalent to traditional panel lock; operator has no access to CPU: terminal is dedicated to program I/O.
(2.2.2) (2.6) (3.3.2) (4.3.2) (4.3.5)

G-8

M
M

(Read Memory Data Display Register Command)
(4.4.4)

M8255
The KYII-R microprocessor module
(1.3) (4.6) (4.6.2)
M9301 BOOTSTRAP
(B.l )
M9312 BOOTSTRAP
(B.3)
MEMORY DATA DISPLAY (MULTIPLEXER)
CPU logic that can be set to anyone of four display modes by the operator and provide a readout of memory data in response to the command M.
(4.3.2) (4.3.4) (4.3.8) (4.4.2) (4.4.3) (4.4.4) (4.5.1) (4.5.2)
MEMORY REFERENCE ERROR
If for any reason a memory reference cannot be successfully completed, the electronic console
displays a ?ERjT 14411 message. (The CPU state portion of the message reflects current status.)
(A.1.3)
MICROCODE
Electronic console firmware; the ROM- or PROM-stored program that determines command
syntax, remote protocol. and operating characteristics; this manual documents Microcode Versions VO 1 and V02.
(1.3) (2.5) (2.6) (2.9) (3.2.2.1) (3.3.1) (3.4.4) (4.3.1) (4.3.4) (4.3.7) (4.3.8) (4.3.9) (4.3.10) (4.3.11)
(4.4.5) (4.4.11) (4.5.2) (4.5.5) (Appendix E)
MICROPROCESSOR
A preprocessor; the M8255 microprocessor module.
(1.1) (1.3)
MODEM
A device that modulates and demodulates serial data transmitted and received over telephone
lines; must be connected to the telephone line by approved DAA logic which may be integral to,
or external to, the modem.
(1.2) (2.8) (5.3)
MRI1-DB BOOTSTRAP
(B.2)
MULTIPLE FUNCTION COMMAND
(See CPU Control-Multiple Function Command.)

G-9

N
N

(Execute Next Instruction Command)
(4.4.19)

[n]
An optional numerical data argument: if it is not entered where indicated. a predetermined or
current default condition wi!! be asserted (for t:'x~~mple. ;~ current multiplexer position \vill be
retained).
(Table 4-1) (Table 4-3) (Table 4-4)
n

A numerical data argument, required as part of a command; a syntax error message will be
printed if it is not present.
(Table 4-1) (Table 4-3)
<NL>
New Line~ system generated in response to commands G, C, and P, it is the equivalent of a
carriage return followed by a line feed. As a result, any subsequent printout begins at the left
margin on a new line~ a command <CR> may be used at any time to generate a new line.
(3.4.1) (4.5.3)
NEXT INSTRUCTION
Command N causes the next instruction to be executed. If the CPU is in single bus cycle mode,
command N causes the next bus cycle to be executed~ an optional octal digit prefix to command
N sets the address display multiplexer.
(4.3.2) (4.4.19)

o
OCTAL DATA DISPLAY
The electronic console normally displays data in octal format; Microcode Version V02 provides
hexadecimal format also.
(3.4.1) (3.4.2) (4.3.4) (4.3.8) (4.3.9)
OFF
A keyswitch position; the keyswitch is usually wired to provide the system master on-off function.
(2.2.1 )
OPERATING STATES
Console state, program I/O state, and talk state~ electronic console operation can always be
defined as being in one of these mutually exclusive states.
(3.3)
OPERATOR'S REFERENCE SUMMARY
A compilation of system-specific operating procedure details which can be posted at the site for
an operator's use when an electronic console has been installed.
(2.3) (3.2) (3.2.1) (3.2.2) (3.2.3) (4.4.5) (Appendix F)

G-I0

OPTIONAL VALUE
An octal data argument, typed before the argument separator in a command string, that sets the
switch register to that value.
(4.2.1 )

p
P

(Continue Program Instruction Execution [Proceed] Command)
(4.4.15)

<CTRL/P> (Select Console State Command)
(4.3.4)
PANEL LOCK
Associated with traditional CPU front panel; electronic console equivalent is LOCAL DISABLE;
operator has no access to CPU; terminal is dedicated to program I/O.
(2.2.2) (2.6)
POWER DOWN
To remove system power by turning keyswitch to the OFF position.
(See Power Failure.)
POWER-FAIL RESTART SWITCH (RUN I-HALT-RUN 0)
Located on electronic console front panel; asserts halt or sets switch register to all ones or all
zeros as required by the operating system when power comes back up after a power failure.
(2.3) (3.2) (3.2.2) (3.2.5)
POWER FAILURE
Loss of system power, usually unexpected; the electronic console provides for switch register
setting for power going down.
(3.2) (4.3.2) (4.4.10) (5.1) (Appendix F)
POWER INDICATOR
Located on the electronic console front panel; turned on whenever system power is on; may be
blinking to indicate that CPU is in a halted state.
(2.5) (2.6) (3.2.2)
POWER UP
To apply power to the system by turning the keyswitch from the OFF position; also, after a power
failure, a power-fail restart.
(2.2.1) (2.2.3) (2.3) (2.10) (3.2) (4.3.2) (4.3.3) (4.3.8) (4.3.9) (4.4.1)
PROCEED
Command P; causes program instruction execution to continue in program I/O state.
(4.4.15)
PROGRAM EXERCISE (Familiarization)
(3.4.4)

G-ll

PROGRAM I/O STATE
Entered from console state by typing command Z: allows use of system terminal for program
I/O.

R
R

(Read Switch Register Contents Command)

(4.4.5)
<CTRL/R> (Read or Change Console Control Register Command)

(4.3.2)
REGISTER ADDRESS
Set by command $; causes masking of leading zeros with ones, making it easier for the operator to
access a register or I/O page area.

(3.4.3) (4.3.7)
REMOTE
A keyswitch position; allows DOC complete access to both electronic console and CPU. Program
I/O, console, and talk states are accessible under DDC control.

(2.2.5) (2.7) (2.9) (3.3.1)
REMOTE DIAGNOSIS
A maintenance procedure by which a customer's computer is connected, by telephone line, to a
DIGITAL host computer for automated fault analysis or preventive maintenance testing.

(1.1 )
REMOTE DIAGNOSIS PACKAGE
A reel of magnetic tape, resident at the customer site, that contains system diagnostics for use by
the DOC in remote diagnosis testing.

(1.1) (5.3)
REMOTE DISABLE
A keyswitch position; limits DDC's access to customer system to that of a logged-in user; only
program I/O state is accessible.

(2.2.4) (2.6) (2.7) (2.9) (3.3.2) (4.3.5)
REMOTE INDICA TOR
Located on the electronic console front panel; the word REMOTE is lighted whenever the keyswitch is in REMOTE or REMOTE DISABLE.

(2.7)
REMOTE SERIAL INTERFACE
The data communications logic through which the electronic console and its associated CPU may
be connected to the DDC host computer over a telephone line.

(2.2.3) (2.2.4) (2.2.5) (2.7) (2.8) (3.3.1) (3.3.3) (4.3.4) (4.3.6)

G-12

RESPONSE
The data printed or the action accomplished by the system in response to an issued command.
(4.2)
R PROMPT
(See Switch Register Prompt.)
RUNI
(See Power-Fail Restart Switch.)
RUNO
(See Power-Fail Restart Switch.)
RUN ERROR
If an attempt is made to issue certain commands when the processor is running, the electronic
console generates a run error message, ?R UN ER.

(A .1.2)

s
S

(Start Program Instruction Execution Command)
(4.4.16)

SELF-TEST
A diagnostic exercise performed internally by the electronic console to verify its correct operation.
(2.10) (3.2) (3.2.2) (3.2.3) (4.3.3) (5.5) (A.2.4)
SERIAL LINE ERROR
The symbol + is printed on the system terminal whenever the electronic console receives garbled
code through the serial line interface.

(A. 1.5)
SERVICE RESPONSE GROUP
A remote service group, within the DOC, to which all customer hardware maintenance problems
are reported for either DOC analysis or local branch office service, or both.
(1.4) (2.10) (3.2.2.1) (5.2) (5.3)
SINGLE BUS CYCLE
CPU logic that can be set (command J) and cleared (command K) to permit single-stepping a
program for maintenance or debugging purposes.
(4.4.17) (4.4.18)
SPECIAL MODE
Controlled by bit 4 <010> of the console control register; permits the use of commands (for
troubleshooting) in a manner not normally acceptable to the electronic console.
(4.3.2) (4.4.8) (4.4.9) (4.4.12) (4.4.15)

G-13

SPECIFICATIONS
This manual includes electronic console environmental specifications (temperature, humidity,
etc.)
(0.1)

SRG
(See Service Response Group.)
START PROGRAM INSTRUCTION EXECUTION
Command S
(4.4.16)
SWITCH REGISTER
A CPU location; also an electronic console register: command W writes a setting into the switch
register; command R causes its contents to be displayed.
(2.3) (3.2) (3.2.3) (3.2.4) (3.4.4) (4.2.2) (4.4.5) (4.4.10)
SWITCH REGISTER PROMPT
The automatic display of switch register contents following certain commands, as a reminder to
the operator that the operating system may require a different setting for a power-going-down
condition.
(3.4.4) (4.3.2) (4.4.5) (4.4.11)
SYNTAX
The way arguments and command characters are structured to form electronic console commands and command strings. The electronic console generates syntax errors when commands are
improperly formatted, or when an attempt is made to mix basic and multiple function commands.
(4.3.2) (A.I.I)
SYSTEM TERMINAL
The keyboard and printer or video display the operator uses to communicate with the CPU.
(1.1) (2.2.2) (2.2.3) (2.2.4) (2.2.5) (2.6) (3.2.2) (3.3.2) (3.3.3) (4.3.2) (4.3.5) (4.3.6) (4.6.1)

T
T

(Read CPU Status Command)
(4.4.6)

TALK ECHO
Controlled by bit 2 <004> of the console control register; suppresses character echo when the
host computer sends messages to the site system terminal.
(4.3.2)
TALK STATE
Entered by typing <CTRL/L>; permits the site operator and remote DOC operator to communicate with each other at their respective terminals.
(2.2.3) (2.2.5) (3.3.3) (4.3.2) (4.3.6)

G-14

TEMPORARY INPUT REGISTER
A 22-bit register within the electronic console in which all typed characters are stored before
being transferred to the CPU.
(4.2.2) (4.3.7) (4.3.10) (4.3.11) (4.4.8) (4.4.9) (4.4.10) (4.4.12) (4.4.16)
TEST INDICATOR
Located on the electronic console front panel~ the word TEST is lighted whenever the 0 DC is
performing diagnostic testing~ the DOC mayor may not be connected to the system while testing
is in progress.
(2.9) (5.3)
TOLL-FREE TELEPHONE NUMBER
An 800 number or other telephone service by which charges for customer calls to the DOC are
billed to DIGITAL.
(1.4)
TRADITIONAL FRONT PANEL
The PDP-II /70 CPU console panel with switch register, control switches, and indicators which is
replaced by the electronic console front panel.
(1.1) (2.2.3) (3.2) (3.3.1) (4.3.4) (4.4)
TRANSMITTER STATUS REGISTER
Logic within the electronic console DL II-A equivalent serial line unit.
(4.6.1 )
TWENTY-SECOND TIMER
Monitors terminal keyboard inactivity to force program I/O state if a running program requires
the terminal for output.
(3.3.1) (3.4.4, step 10) (4.3.4)

u
U

(Read UNIBUS Status Command)
(4.4.7)

<CTRL/U> (Delete All Characters of Current Type-In Command)
(4.3.10)
UNIBUS STATUS
Command U
(4.4.7)

v
V

(Verify Electronic Console Logic [Self-Test] Command)
(4.3.3)

G-15

V000377
The system-generated message that indicates a successful electronic console self-test.
(3.2.2) (4.3.3) (J\.2.4)
VERIFY CONSOLE LOGIC
Provided by command V; initiates an electronic console self-test.
(2.10) (4.3.3)

w
W

(Write Switch Register Contents Command)
(4.4.10)

WORD LOCJ\ TION
Command / opens a 16-bit word location; command < LF>, <CR> or ~ closes a word location.
(3.4.1) (3.4.2) (4.3.7) (4.3.8) (4.5.1) (4.5.3) (4.5.4)

G-16

KY11-R FAMILY
OF ELECTRONIC CONSOLES
USER GUIDE
EK-KY11 R-UG-003

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