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Document:	VAX 4000 Customer Technical Information
Order Number:	EK-504AA-TI
Revision:	A01
Pages:	70
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VAX 4000 Model 100A
Customer Technical Information
Order Number: EK–504AA–TI. A01

August 1993
This manual provides technical information for the VAX 4000 Model 100A
system. It also gives a list of the console commands, and specifications for
the system unit, the CPU, the internal SCSI and DSSI devices.

Digital Equipment Corporation
Maynard, Massachusetts

August 1993
The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should not be
construed as a commitment by Digital Equipment Corporation. Digital Equipment Corporation
assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document.
The software described in this document is furnished under a license and may be used or copied
only in accordance with the terms of such license.
No responsibility is assumed for the use or reliability of software on equipment that is not
supplied by Digital Equipment Corporation or its affiliated companies.
Restricted Rights: Use, duplication, or disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to
restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer
Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013.
© Digital Equipment Corporation 1993.
All Rights Reserved.
The postpaid Reader’s Comments forms at the end of this document request your critical
evaluation to assist in preparing future documentation.
The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation: RX, ThinWire, VAX,
VAXcluster, VAX DOCUMENT, VMS, VT, and the DIGITAL logo.
All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective holders.
S2279

This document was prepared using VAX DOCUMENT, Version 2.1.

Contents
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

vii

1 System Description
1.1
1.1.1
1.2
1.3
1.3.1
1.3.2

Model 100A System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Model 100A VAX Architecture Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Internal Mass Storage Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Communications Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Asynchronous Communications Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Synchronous Communications Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1–1
1–3
1–5
1–6
1–6
1–6

2 Console Security Feature and System Defaults
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
2.3.4
2.3.5
2.3.6
2.4
2.5

Entering Console Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using the Console Port MMJ 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Console Security Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Setting the Security Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Enabling the Console Security Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Logging in to Privileged Console Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Changing the Security Password . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Disabling the Console Security Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exiting from Privileged Console Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Setting the Default Boot Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Setting the Default Recovery Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2–2
2–4
2–5
2–6
2–7
2–7
2–8
2–9
2–9
2–10
2–11

3 Console Commands
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6

BOOT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CONTINUE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DEPOSIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
EXAMINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FIND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
HALT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3–1
3–3
3–3
3–4
3–6
3–6

iii

3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
3.15
3.16
3.17
3.18
3.19
3.20

HELP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
INITIALIZE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LOGIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MOVE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
NEXT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
REPEAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SEARCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SHOW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
START . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TEST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UNJAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
X—Binary Load and Unload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
! (Comment) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3–7
3–9
3–10
3–11
3–12
3–14
3–15
3–17
3–18
3–21
3–22
3–26
3–26
3–28

4 Hardware Specifications
4.1
4.2
4.3

System Unit Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Internal DSSI Device Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
KA52–AA CPU Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4–1
4–5
4–8

Block Diagram of the VAX 4000 Model 100A . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Returning to Console Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Console Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1–2
2–3
2–4

Supported Internal Mass Storage Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Supported Asynchronous Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Supported Synchronous Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Synchronous Communications Option Cable Part
Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Alternative Default Boot Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Default Recovery Actions and Associated Values . . . . . . . . . .
System Specifications: VAX 400 Model 100A . . . . . . . . . . . . .
System Unit Metrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1–5
1–6
1–6

Index
Figures
1–1
2–1
2–2

Tables
1–1
1–2
1–3
1–4
2–1
2–2
4–1
4–2

1–6
2–10
2–11
4–2
4–3

4–3
4–4
4–5
4–6
4–7
4–8
4–9

System Storage Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
System Operating Conditions and Nonoperating
Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DSSI Hard Disk Drive Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TZ30 Tape Drive Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TZK10 QIC Tape Drive Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TLZ06 Cassette Tape Drive Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
RRD42 Compact Disc Drive Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4–3
4–3
4–5
4–6
4–6
4–7
4–7

Preface
This manual provides technical information for the VAX 4000 Model 100A
system. It also gives a list of the console commands, and specifications for the
system unit, the CPU, and the SCSI and DSSI devices.

Audience
This manual is intended for experienced users such as system programmers or
system managers.

Structure of This Manual
This manual has four chapters and an index:
•

Chapter 1 describes technical information about the Model 100A system.

•

Chapter 2 describes the console security feature and how to set system
defaults.

•

Chapter 3 describes the console commands.

•

Chapter 4 gives specifications for the system unit and for internal DSSI
devices.

Additional Information
See the VAX 4000 Model 100A Operator Information manual for the list of
associated and related documents.

vii

Conventions
The following conventions are used in this manual:

viii

Convention

Description

MONOSPACE

Text displayed on the screen is shown in monospace type.

boldface type

Boldface type in examples indicates user input. Boldface type in text
indicates the first instance of terms defined either in the text, in the
glossary, or both.

italic type

Italic type emphasizes important information, indicates variables,
and indicates complete titles of manuals.

nn nnn.nnn nn

A space character separates digits in numerals with 5 or more digits.
For example, 10 000 equals ten thousand.

n.nn

A period in numerals signals the decimal point indicator. For
example, 1.75 equals one and three-fourths.

UPPERCASE

Words in uppercase indicate a command.

lowercase

In format descriptions, words in lowercase indicate parameters or
arguments to be specified by the user.

In command syntax descriptions, a vertical bar | separates similar
options, one of which you can choose.

Note

A note contains information of special importance to the reader.

Ctrl/x

Ctrl/x indicates that you hold down the Ctrl key while you press
another key or mouse button (indicated here by x).

A lowercase italic x indicates the generic use of a letter. For
example, xxx indicates any combination of three alphabetic
characters.

A lowercase italic n indicates the generic use of a number. For
example, 19nn indicates a 4-digit number in which the last 2 digits
are unknown.

{}

In format descriptions, braces indicate required elements. You must
choose one of the elements.

[]

In format descriptions, brackets indicate optional elements. You can
choose none, one, or all of the options.

1
System Description
This chapter gives a technical description of the VAX 4000 Model 100A,
including information on the following subjects:
•

Model 100A system

•

Internal mass storage devices

•

Communications devices

•

Digital Storage Systems Interconnect (DSSI)

•

KA52-AA CPU specifications

1.1 Model 100A System
The Model 100A system uses the KA52 CPU module. The module contains the
following integrated circuit components:
•

NVAX: processor chip, with a 286 MHz clock

•

NMC: NVAX memory controller

•

NCA: NVAX CP bus adapter

•

SHAC: DSSI support (KFDDA daughter card)

•

CQBIC: Q–bus support

•

SCSI controller

•

SQWF buffer

•

SSC: Time-of-year (TOY) clock

•

SGEC: Ethernet controller (DC541)

•

QUART: Serial line controller (DC7085)

•

Support for up to 128 Mbytes of SIMMs (single-inline memory modules)

System Description 1–1

•

Support for optional asynchronous communications devices, which provide
either 8 or 16 additional DEC423 ports, or 8 additional asynchronous
modem control ports

•

Support for optional synchronous communications devices, using DSW42
and DHW42 options which provide two synchronous ports

Figure 1–1 is a block diagram of the VAX 4000 Model 100A system.
Figure 1–1 Block Diagram of the VAX 4000 Model 100A

B-Cache
128 Kb

NVAX CPU

NCA

NDAL

NMC

XCVR

Flash ROM

DSSI SHAC

EDAL-C
CQBIC

Terminal
Lines

DHW42*

Memory
SIMMs
16, 32, 64, 80,
128 Mbyte

DSW42*

SSC

Q-bus

DSSI

SGEC

XCVR

SCSI (C94)

SCSI

QUART
4x serial

Internal
Serial Lines

Ethernet

External Connection
* Optional
MLO-009354

1–2 System Description

1.1.1 Model 100A VAX Architecture Support
The KA52 CPU module supports the following VAX data types:
•

byte, word, longword, quadword

•

character string

•

variable-length bit field

•

absolute queues

•

self-relative queues

•

f_floating point, d_floating point, and g_floating point

The operating system uses software emulation to support other VAX data
types.
The KA52 CPU module supports the following VAX instructions:
•

integer, arithmetic, and logical

•

address

•

variable-length bit field

•

control

•

procedure call

•

miscellaneous

•

queue

•

character string instructions:
MOVC3/MOVC5
CMPC3/CMPC5
LOCC
SCANC
SKPC
SPANC

•

operating system support

•

f_floating point, d_floating point, and g_floating point

System Description 1–3

The NVAX processor chip provides special microcode assistance to aid the
macrocode emulation of the following instruction groups:
•

Character string (other than those mentioned previously)

•

Decimal string

•

CRC

•

EDITPC

The operating system uses software emulation to support other VAX
instructions.

1–4 System Description

1.2 Internal Mass Storage Devices
Table 1–1 shows the internal mass storage devices that are supported by the
Model 100A system.
Table 1–1 Supported Internal Mass Storage Devices
Device

Size (inches)

Capacity (bytes)

Description

RF31T

3.5"

381M

Hard disk drive

RF35

3.5"

852M

Hard disk drive

RF36

3.5"

1.6G

Hard disk drive

TZ30

5.25

95M

Tape drive

TZK10

5.25

320M or 525M

Tape drive

TLZ06

3.5

Up to 4.0G

Tape drive

RRD42

5.25

600M

CD–ROM drive

The Model 100A system supports a maximum of three internal DSSI devices,
and two removable SCSI devices. One of the RF-series disks contains factory
installed software (FIS). Chapter 4 gives the specifications for each internal
DSSI device.

System Description 1–5

1.3 Communications Devices
The Model 100A system supports asynchronous and synchronous
communications devices.

1.3.1 Asynchronous Communications Devices
Table 1–2 lists the asynchronous devices supported by Model 100A system.
Table 1–2 Supported Asynchronous Devices
Device

Description

DHW42-AA

Eight-line DEC423 asynchronous option

DHW42-BA

Sixteen-line DEC423 asynchronous option

DHW42-CA

Eight-line EIA-232 modem asynchronous option

DHW42-UP

Eight-line to 16-line upgrade of the DEC423 asynchronous
option

1.3.2 Synchronous Communications Devices
Table 1–3 lists the synchronous devices supported by the Model 100A system.
Table 1–3 Supported Synchronous Devices
Device

Description

DSW42-AA

Two-line EIA-232/V.24 synchronous module

If you order a different synchronous option cable, you can use different
interface standards with the synchronous communications module. Table 1–4
lists each standard and the part number of the corresponding option cable.
Table 1–4 Synchronous Communications Option Cable Part Numbers
Standard

Option Cable Part Number

EIA-232/V.24

BC19D-02

EIA-423/V.10

BC19E-02

EIA-422/V.11

BC19B-02

1–6 System Description

2
Console Security Feature and System
Defaults
This chapter describes how to set system defaults and how to use the console
security feature. It includes information on the following subjects:
•

Entering console mode

•

Using the console port

•

Console security feature

•

Setting the default boot device

•

Setting the default recovery action

Console Security Feature and System Defaults 2–1

2.1 Entering Console Mode
To use the procedures described in this chapter, the system must be in console
mode. To enter console mode, you must shut down the operating system
software if it is running. To enter the console mode, follow these steps:
1. Shut down the operating system software if it is running. See the operating
system documentation for information on the shutdown procedures.
2. Press the halt button on the back of the system, as shown in Figure 2–1 .
The system responds with the console prompt (>>>) on port 3 when it is in
console mode.

2–2 Console Security Feature and System Defaults

Figure 2–1 Returning to Console Mode

3
2

MLO-010211

Halt Button

Console Security Feature and System Defaults 2–3

2.2 Using the Console Port MMJ 3
The VAX 4000 Model 100A system provides a console port through MMJ port
3. Follow these steps:
1. Set the on/off switch on the system unit to the off (O) position.
2. Connect the console terminal to MMJ port 3 (Figure 2–2
3. Set the break enable switch (Figure 2–2
enable).

) to the up position (break

The break enable LED lights when you set the switch to the up position.
4. Set the on/off switch on the system unit to the on ( | ) position.
5. The system will stop at the console prompt (>>>).
Figure 2–2 Console Port

3
2

2
MLO-010212

MMJ Port 3, Console Port
Break/Enable Switch

2–4 Console Security Feature and System Defaults

2.3 Console Security Feature
When the security password is set, there are two types of users: privileged
users and unprivileged users. Privileged users know the security password and
can use the full range of console commands; unprivileged users can use only
the following commands:
•

•

BOOT—Use this command without parameters to boot the operating
system when the boot device has been set.

The following subsections describe how to do the following tasks:
•

Set the security password

•

Enable the console security feature

•

Change the security password

•

Disable the security password

•

Exit from privileged console mode

Chapter 3 describes the console commands.

Console Security Feature and System Defaults 2–5

2.3.1 Setting the Security Password
The console security feature is disabled when you receive the system. To set
the security password on the system, follow these steps:
1. Enter the following command at the console prompt (>>>):
>>> SET PSWD
The system responds with the following prompt:
>>> PSWD1 :
Note
The security password must be a string of EXACTLY 16 hexadecimal
characters (0 through 9 and A through F).
Write down the security password and store it in a safe place. If
you forget the security password, you must call your Digital Services
representative to disable the console security feature.

2. Enter the security password and press Return.
The system does not display the security password as you type it. The
system responds with the following prompt:
>>> PSWD2 :
3. Verify the security password by entering it a second time.
Again the system does not display the security password as you type it. If
you enter the same security password at each prompt, the system saves
the security password in nonvolatile memory. The system does not lose the
security password when you turn off the system.
If the second security password does not match the first, the system
responds with the following error message:
?80 ILLEGAL PASSWORD
>>>
4. Repeat steps 1 to 3 if you see this error message.

2–6 Console Security Feature and System Defaults

2.3.2 Enabling the Console Security Feature
When you have set the security password, you must enable the console security
feature. To enable the console security feature, enter the following command at
the console prompt:
>>> SET PSE 1

2.3.3 Logging in to Privileged Console Mode
When the console security feature is enabled, you must enter the security
password to log in to privileged console mode. In privileged console mode you
can use the full range of console commands. To log in to privileged console
mode, follow these steps:
Note
You must set the security password before following these steps (see
Section 2.3.1).

1. Enter the following command:
>>> LOGIN
The system responds with the following prompt:
>>> Password:
2. Enter the security password and press Return.
The system does not display the security password as you type it. If you
enter the correct security password, the system returns you to the console
prompt and you become a privileged user. You can now use the full range
of console commands.
If you enter an incorrect security password, the system responds with the
following error message:
?81 INCORRECT PASSWORD
>>>
3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 if an error message displays.

Console Security Feature and System Defaults 2–7

2.3.4 Changing the Security Password
You must be a privileged user to change the security password. To change the
security password, follow these steps:
1. Follow the procedure in Section 2.3.3 using the current security password
to log in to the system.
2. Enter the following command:
>>> SET PSWD
The system responds with the following prompt:
PSWD1 :
3. Enter a new security password and press Return.
The system does not display the security password as you type it. The
system then responds with the following prompt:
PSWD2 :
4. Verify the new security password by entering it a second time.
The system does not display the security password as you type it. If
you enter the correct, current security password at the >>> prompt, and
correctly enter the new security password a second time, the system saves
the new security password in nonvolatile memory. The system does not
lose the new security password when you turn off the system.
If you incorrectly enter the new security password a second time, the
system responds with the following error message:
?80 ILLEGAL PASSWORD
>>>
5. Repeat steps 1 to 4 if this error message displays.

2–8 Console Security Feature and System Defaults

2.3.5 Disabling the Console Security Feature
When you disable the console security feature, all users can use the full range
of console commands. To disable the console security feature, follow these
steps:
1. Follow the procedure in Section 2.3.3 using the current security password
to log in to the system.
2. Enter the following command:
>>> SET PSE 0

2.3.6 Exiting from Privileged Console Mode
When you exit from privileged console mode, privileged users must enter the
LOGIN command with the correct password before they can use the full range
of console commands. To exit from privileged console mode, enter one of the
following commands:
•

BOOT (with any supplied parameters)

•

CONTINUE

•

HALT

•

START

Chapter 3 describes each of these commands.

Console Security Feature and System Defaults 2–9

2.4 Setting the Default Boot Device
When the system is shipped, it is set to boot from the system disk, DIAO. This
RF-series disk holds the factory installed software (FIS).
If the TOY battery has discharged, the default boot device may have to be set.
Use SHOW BOOT to verify.
You can set the system to boot from a different default boot device that holds
the operating system software. Table 2–1 shows the alternative default boot
devices and their associated VMS device names.
Table 2–1 Alternative Default Boot Devices
Device

VMS Device Name

Hard disk (DSSI ID 0 to 6)

DIAu1

Network (the system boots from a remote system)
3

EZA0

Tape drive (SCSI ID 0 to 7)

MKAx002

Compact disc (SCSI ID 0 to 7)3

DKAx002

1 u represents the device unit number.
2 x represents the SCSI ID of that device.
3 This excludes ID number 6 which is the default controller ID.

To set an alternative default boot device, enter the SET BOOT command using
the VMS device name of the alternative default boot device. For example, to
set the system to boot over the network, enter the following command:
>>> SET BOOT EZA0

2–10 Console Security Feature and System Defaults

2.5 Setting the Default Recovery Action
There are five default recovery actions. You can change the default recovery
action by entering the SET HALT command and the value or keyword
associated with the action you want to set. Table 2–2 shows the five default
recovery actions and their associated values. When the system is shipped, the
default recovery action is set to halt.
Table 2–2 Default Recovery Actions and Associated Values
Recovery Action
Keyword

Associated
Value

DEFAULT

The system halts and displays the console
prompt. (Same as HALT.)

RESTART

The system tries to restart the operating system.
If it fails to restart the operating system, it halts.

REBOOT

The system tries to boot. If it fails to boot, it
halts.

HALT

The system halts and displays the console
prompt.

restart_reboot

The system tries to restart the operating system.
If it fails to restart the operating system, it tries
to boot. If it fails to boot, it halts.

Result

To set an alternative default recovery action, enter the SET HALT command
using the value or keyword associated with the recovery action you want to set.
For example, to set the system to halt, enter one of the following commands:
>>> SET HALT 3
>>> SET HALT HALT

Console Security Feature and System Defaults 2–11

3
Console Commands
This chapter describes the console commands that a priveleged user can enter
when the system is in console mode. The system displays the console prompt
(>>>) when it is in console mode. If the system is running the operating
system software, see Section 2.1 for information on returning the system to
console mode.
If the console security feature is enabled and a security password is set, you
must log in to privileged console mode before using most of these commands.
See Section 2.3 for information on the console security feature.
The following sections describe all the console commands, give the command
format, and describe the significance of each parameter.

3.1 BOOT
The BOOT command initializes the processor and transfers execution to VMB.
VMB attempts to boot the operating system from the specified device or list
of devices, or from the default boot device if none is specified. The console
qualifies the bootstrap operation by passing a boot flag’s bitmap to VMB in R5.
Format:
BOOT [qualifier-list] [{boot_device},{boot_device},...]
If you do not enter either the qualifier or the device name, the default value is
used. Explicitly stating the boot flag or the boot device overrides, but does not
permanently change, the corresponding default value.
When specifying a list of boot devices (up to 32 characters, with devices
separated by commas and no spaces), the system checks the devices in the
order specified and boots from the first one that contains bootable software.

Console Commands 3–1

Note
If included in a string of boot devices, the Ethernet device, EZA0,
should be placed only as the last device of the string. The system will
continuously attempt to boot from EZA0.

Set the default boot device and boot flags with the SET BOOT and SET
BFLAG commands. If you do not set a default boot device, the processor times
out after 30 seconds and attempts to boot from the Ethernet device, EZA0.
Qualifiers:
Command specific:
/R5:{boot_flags}

A 32-bit hex value passed to VMB in R5. The console does not
interpret this value. Use the SET BFLAG command to specify a
default boot flag’s longword. Use the SHOW BFLAG command to
display the longword.

/{boot_flags}

Same as /R5:{boot_flags}

[device_name]

A character string of up to 32 characters. When specifying a list
of boot devices, the device names should be separated by commas
and no spaces. Apart from checking the length, the console does
not interpret or validate the device name. The console converts
the string to uppercase, then passes VMB a string descriptor to
this device name in R0. Use the SET BOOT command to specify
a default boot device or list of devices. Use the SHOW BOOT
command to display the default boot device. The factory default
device is the Ethernet device, EZA0. Table 2–1 lists the boot
devices supported by the Model 100A system.

Examples:
>>>SHOW BOOT
DKA300
>>>SHOW BFLAG
00000000
>>>B !Boot using default boot flags and device.
(BOOT/R5:0 DKA300)
2..
-DKA300

3–2 Console Commands

3.2 CONTINUE
The CONTINUE command causes the processor to begin instruction execution
at the address currently contained in the program counter (PC). This address
is the address stored in the PC when the system entered console mode
or an address that the user specifies using the DEPOSIT command. The
CONTINUE command does not perform a processor initialization. The console
enters program I/O mode.
Format:
CONTINUE
Example:
>>>CONTINUE
$
!VMS DCL prompt

3.3 DEPOSIT
The DEPOSIT command deposits data into the address specified. If you do not
specify an address space or data size qualifier, the console uses the last address
space and data size used in a DEPOSIT, EXAMINE, MOVE, or SEARCH
command. After processor initialization, the default address space is physical
memory and the default data size is longword. If you specify conflicting
address space or data sizes, the console ignores the command and issues an
error message.
Format:
DEPOSIT [qualifier-list] {address} {data} [data...]
Qualifiers:
Data control: /B, /W, /L, /Q, /N:{count}, /STEP:{size}, /WRONG
Address space control: /G, /I, /M, /P, /V, /U
Arguments:
{address}

A longword address that specifies the first location into which data is
deposited. The address can be an actual address or a symbolic address.

{data}

The data to be deposited. If the specified data is larger than the deposit
data size, the firmware ignores the command and issues an error response.
If the specified data is smaller than the deposit data size, it is extended on
the left with zeros.

Console Commands 3–3

[{data}]

Additional data to be deposited (as many as can fit on the command line).

Examples:
>>>D/P/B/N:1FF 0 0

! Clear first 512 bytes of
! physical memory.

>>>D/V/L/N:3 1234 5

! Deposit 5 into four longwords
! starting at virtual memory address
! 1234.
! Loads GPRs R0 through R8 with -1.

>>>D/N:8 R0 FFFFFFFF
>>>D/L/P/N:10/ST:200 0 8

! Deposit 8 in the first longword of
! the first 17 pages in physical
! memory.

>>>D/N:200 - 0

! Starting at previous address, clear
! 513 longwords or 2052 bytes.

3.4 EXAMINE
The EXAMINE command examines the contents of the memory location or
register specified by the address. If no address is specified, + is assumed.
The display line consists of a single character address specifier, the physical
address to be examined, and the examined data.
EXAMINE uses the same qualifiers as DEPOSIT. However, the /WRONG
qualifier causes EXAMINE to ignore ECC errors on reads from physical
memory. The EXAMINE command also supports an /INSTRUCTION qualifier,
which will disassemble the instructions at the current address.
Format:
EXAMINE [qualifier-list] [address]
Qualifiers:
Data control: /B, /W, /L, /Q, /N:{count}, /STEP:{size}, /WRONG
Address space control: /G, /I, /M, /P, /V, /U
Command specific:
/INSTRUCTION

Disassembles and displays the VAX MACRO–32 instruction at the
specified address.

Arguments:
[{address}]

3–4 Console Commands

A longword address that specifies the first location to be examined.
The address can be an actual or a symbolic address. If no address is
specified, + is assumed.

Examples:
>>>EX PC
G 0000000F FFFFFFFC
>>>EX SP
G 0000000E 00000200
>>>EX PSL
M 00000000 041F0000
>>>E/M
M 00000000 041F0000
>>>E R4/N:5
G 00000004 00000000
G 00000005 00000000
G 00000006 00000000
G 00000007 00000000
G 00000008 00000000
G 00000009 801D9000

! Examine the PC.
! Examine the SP.
! Examine the PSL.
! Examine PSL another way.
! Examine R4 through R9.

>>>EX PR$_SCBB
I 00000011 2004A000

!Examine the SCBB, IPR 17
! (decimal).

>>>E/P 0
P 00000000 00000000

! Examine local memory 0.

>>>EX /INS 20040000
P 20040000 11 BRB

! Examine 1st byte of ROM.
20040019

>>>EX /INS/N:5 20040019
P 20040019 D0 MOVL
P 20040024 D2 MCOML
P 2004002F D2 MCOML
P 20040036 7D MOVQ
P 2004003D D0 MOVL
P 20040044 DB MFPR

! Disassemble from branch.
I^#20140000,@#20140000
@#20140030,@#20140502
S^#0E,@#20140030
R0,@#201404B2
I^#201404B2,R1
S^#2A,B^44(R1)

>>>E/INS
P 20040048

! Look at next instruction.
S^#2B,B^48(R1)

DB MFPR

>>>

Console Commands 3–5

3.5 FIND
The FIND command searches main memory, starting at address zero for a
page-aligned 128-KByte segment of good memory, or a restart parameter block
(RPB). If the command finds the segment or RPB, its address plus 512 is left
in SP (R14). If it does not find the segment or RPB, the console issues an error
message and preserves the contents of SP. If you do not specify a qualifier,
/RPB is assumed.
Format:
FIND [qualifier-list]
Qualifiers:
Command specific:
/MEMORY

Searches memory for a page-aligned block of good memory, 128 KBytes
in length. The search looks only at memory that is deemed usable by
the bitmap. This command leaves the contents of memory unchanged.

/RPB

Searches all physical memory for an RPB. The search does not use the
bitmap to qualify which pages are looked at. The command leaves the
contents of memory unchanged.

Examples:
>>>EX SP
G 0000000E 00000000
>>>FIND /MEM
>>>EX SP
G 0000000E 00000200
>>>FIND /RPB
?2C FND ERR 00C00004
>>>

! Check the SP.
! Look for a valid 128 KBytes.
! Note where it was found.
! Check for valid RPB.
! None to be found here.

3.6 HALT
The HALT command has no effect. It is included for compatibility with other
VAX consoles.
Format:
HALT
Example:
>>>HALT
>>>

! Pretend to halt.

3–6 Console Commands

3.7 HELP
The HELP command provides information about command syntax and usage.
Format:
HELP
Example:
>>>HELP
Following is a brief summary of all the commands supported by the
console:
UPPERCASE
|
[]
<>
..
...

denotes a keyword that you must type in
denotes an OR condition
denotes optional parameters
denotes a field specifying a syntactically correct value
denotes one of an inclusive range of integers
denotes that the previous item may be repeated

Valid qualifiers:
/B /W /L /Q /INSTRUCTION
/G /I /V /P /M
/STEP: /N: /NOT
/WRONG /U
Valid commands:
BOOT [[/R5:]<boot_flags>] [<boot_device>]
CONFIGURE
CONTINUE
DEPOSIT [<qualifiers>] <address> <datum> [<datum>...]
EXAMINE [<qualifiers>] [<address>]
FIND [/MEMORY | /RPB]
HALT
HELP
INITIALIZE
LOGIN
MOVE [<qualifiers>] <address> <address>
NEXT [<count>]
REPEAT <command>
SEARCH [<qualifiers>] <address> <pattern> [<mask>]
SET BFLG <boot_flags>
SET BOOT <boot_device>
SET HALT <0..4 |DEFAULT|RESTART|REBOOT|HALT|RESTART_REBOOT>
SET HOST/DUP/DSSI/BUS:<0..1> <node_number> [<task>]
SET HOST/DUP/UQSSP </DISK|/TAPE> <controller_number>[<task>]
SET HOST/DUP/UQSSP <physical_CSR_address> [<task>]
SET HOST/MAINTENANCE/UQSSP/SERVICE <controller_number>
SET HOST/MAINTENANCE/UQSSP <physical_CSR_address>
SET LANGUAGE <1..15>

Console Commands 3–7

SET PSE <0..1 |DISABLED | ENABLED>
SET PSWD <password>
SET RECALL <0..1 | DISABLED | ENABLED>
SET SCSI <0..7>
SET SCSI_ID
SHOW BFLG
SHOW BOOT
SHOW CONFIG
SHOW DEVICE
SHOW DSSI
SHOW ETHERNET
SHOW HALT
SHOW LANGUAGE
SHOW MEMORY [/FULL]
SHOW PSE
SHOW QBUS
SHOW RECALL
SHOW RLV12
SHOW SCSI
SHOW SCSI_ID
SHOW TRANSLATION <physical_address>
SHOW UQSSP
SHOW VERSION
START <address>
TEST [<test_code> [<parameters>]]
UNJAM
X <address> <count>
>>>

3–8 Console Commands

3.8 INITIALIZE
The INITIALIZE command performs a processor initialization.
Format:
INITIALIZE
The following registers are initialized:
Register

State at Initialization

PSL

041F0000

IPL

ASTLVL

SISR

ICCS

Bits <6> and <0> clear; the rest are unpredictable

RXCS

TXCS

MAPEN

Caches

Flushed

Instruction buffer

Unaffected

Console previous reference

Longword, physical, address 0

TODR

Unaffected

Main memory

Unaffected

General registers

Unaffected

Halt code

Unaffected

Bootstrap-in-progress flag

Unaffected

Internal restart-in-progress flag

Unaffected

Console Commands 3–9

The firmware clears all error status bits and initializes the following:
•

CDAL bus timer

•

Address decode and match registers

•

Programmable timer interrupt vectors

•

The QUART LPR register is set to 9600 baud

•

All error status bits are cleared

Example:
>>>INIT
>>>

3.9 LOGIN
Allows you to put the system in privileged console mode. When the console
security feature is enabled and when you put the system in console mode, the
system operates in unprivileged console mode. You can access only a subset of
the console commands. To access the full range of console commands, you must
use this command. This command may only be executed in secure console
mode. The format of this command is as follows:
LO[GIN]
When you enter the command, the system prompts you for a password as
follows:
Password:
You must enter the current console security password. If you do not enter
the correct password, the system displays the error message, INCORRECT
PASSWORD. When you enter the console security password, the system
operates in privileged console mode. In this mode, you can use all the console
commands. The system exits from privileged console mode when you enter one
of the following console commands:
•

BOOT

•

CONTINUE

•

HALT

•

START

3–10 Console Commands

3.10 MOVE
The MOVE command copies the block of memory starting at the source address
to a block beginning at the destination address. Typically, this command has
an /N qualifier so that more than one datum is transferred. The destination
correctly reflects the contents of the source, regardless of the overlap between
the source and the data.
The MOVE command actually performs byte, word, longword, and quadword
reads and writes as needed in the process of moving the data. Moves are
supported only for the physical and virtual address spaces.
Format:
MOVE [qualifier-list] {src_address} {dest_address}
Qualifiers:
Data control: /B, /W, /L, /Q, /N:{count}, /STEP:{size}, /WRONG
Address space control: /V, /U, /P
Arguments:
{src_address}

A longword address that specifies the first location of the source data
to be copied.

{dest_address}

A longword address that specifies the destination of the first byte
of data. These addresses may be an actual address or a symbolic
address. If no address is specified, + is assumed.

Examples:
>>>EX/N:4 0
P 00000000 00000000
P 00000004 00000000
P 00000008 00000000
P 0000000C 00000000
P 00000010 00000000

! Observe destination.

>>>EX/N:4 200
P 00000200 58DD0520
P 00000204 585E04C1
P 00000208 00FF8FBB
P 0000020C 5208A8D0
P 00000210 540CA8DE

! Observe source data.

>>>MOV/N:4 200 0

! Move the data.

Console Commands 3–11

>>>EX/N:4 0
P 00000000 58DD0520
P 00000004 585E04C1
P 00000008 00FF8FBB
P 0000000C 5208A8D0
P 00000010 540CA8DE
>>>

! Observe moved data.

3.11 NEXT
The NEXT command executes the specified number of macro instructions. If
no count is specified, 1 is assumed.
After the last macro instruction is executed, the console reenters console I/O
mode.
Format:
NEXT {count}
The console implements the NEXT command, using the trace trap enable and
trace pending bits in the PSL and the trace pending vector in the SCB.
The console enters the "Spacebar Step Mode". In this mode, subsequent
spacebar strokes initiate single steps and a carriage return forces a return to
the console prompt.
The following restrictions apply:
•

If memory management is enabled, the NEXT command works only if the
first page in SSC RAM is mapped in S0 (system) space.

•

Overhead associated with the NEXT command affects execution time of an
instruction.

•

The NEXT command elevates the IPL to 31 for long periods of time
(milliseconds) while single-stepping over several commands.

•

Unpredictable results occur if the macro instruction being stepped over
modifies either the SCBB or the trace trap entry. This means that you
cannot use the NEXT command in conjunction with other debuggers.

3–12 Console Commands

Arguments:
{count}

A value representing the number of macro instructions to execute.

Examples:
>>>DEP 1000 50D650D4
! Create a simple program.
>>>DEP 1004 125005D1
>>>DEP 1008 00FE11F9
>>>EX /INSTRUCTION /N:5 1000
! List it.
P 00001000 D4 CLRL
R0
P 00001002 D6 INCL
R0
P 00001004 D1 CMPL
S^#05,R0
P 00001007 12 BNEQ
00001002
P 00001009 11 BRB
00001009
P 0000100B 00 HALT
>>>DEP PR$_SCBB 200
! Set up a user SCBB...
>>>DEP PC 1000
! ...and the PC.
>>>
>>>N
! Single step...
P 00001002 D6 INCL
R0
! SPACEBAR
P 00001004 D1 CMPL
S^#05,R0 ! SPACEBAR
P 00001007 12 BNEQ
00001002 ! SPACEBAR
P 00001002 D6 INCL
R0
! CR
>>>N 5
! ...or multiple step the program.
P 00001004 D1 CMPL
S^#05,R0
P 00001007 12 BNEQ
00001002
P 00001002 D6 INCL
R0
P 00001004 D1 CMPL
S^#05,R0
P 00001007 12 BNEQ
00001002
>>>N 7
P 00001002 D6 INCL
R0
P 00001004 D1 CMPL
S^#05,R0
P 00001007 12 BNEQ
00001002
P 00001002 D6 INCL
R0
P 00001004 D1 CMPL
S^#05,R0
P 00001007 12 BNEQ
00001002
P 00001009 11 BRB
00001009
>>>N
P 00001009 11 BRB
00001009
>>>

Console Commands 3–13

3.12 REPEAT
The REPEAT command repeatedly displays and executes the specified
command. Press CTRL/C to stop the command. You can specify any valid
console command except the REPEAT command.
Format:
REPEAT {command}
Arguments:
{command} A valid console command other than REPEAT.

Examples:
>>>REPEAT EX PR$_TODR !Watch the clock.
I 0000001B 5AFE78CE
I 0000001B 5AFE78D1
I 0000001B 5AFE78FD
I 0000001B 5AFE7900
I 0000001B 5AFE7903
I 0000001B 5AFE7907
I 0000001B 5AFE790A
I 0000001B 5AFE790D
I 0000001B 5AFE7910
I 0000001B 5AFE793C
I 0000001B 5AFE793F
I 0000001B 5AFE7942
I 0000001B 5AFE7946
I 0000001B 5AFE7949
I 0000001B 5AFE794C
I 0000001B 5AFE794F
I 0000001B 5^C
>>>

3–14 Console Commands

3.13 SEARCH
The SEARCH command finds all occurrences of a pattern and reports the
addresses where the pattern was found. If the /NOT qualifier is present, the
command reports all addresses in which the pattern did not match.
Format:
SEARCH [qualifier-list] {address} {pattern} [{mask}]
SEARCH accepts an optional mask that indicates bits to be ignored (don’t care
bits). For example, to ignore bit 0 in the comparison, specify a mask of 1. The
mask, if not present, defaults to 0.
A match occurs if (pattern and not mask) = (data and not mask), where:
Pattern is the target data
Mask is the optional don’t care bitmask (which defaults to 0)
Data is the data at the current address
SEARCH reports the address under the following conditions:
/NOT Qualifier

Match Condition

Action

Absent

True

Report address

Absent

False

No report

Present

True

No report

Present

False

Report address

The address is advanced by the size of the pattern (byte, word, longword, or
quadword), unless overridden by the /STEP qualifier.
Qualifiers:
Data control: /B, /W, /L, /Q, /N:{count}, /STEP:{size}, /WRONG
Address space control: /P, /V, /U
Command specific:
/NOT

Inverts the sense of the match.

Console Commands 3–15

Arguments:
{start_
address}

A longword address that specifies the first location subject to the
search. This address can be an actual address or a symbolic address. If
no address is specified, + is assumed.

{pattern}

The target data.

[{mask}]

A mask of the bits desired in the comparison.

Examples:
>>>DEP /P/L/N:1000 0 0
! Clear some memory.
>>>
>>>DEP 300 12345678
! Deposit some search data.
>>>DEP 401 12345678
>>>DEP 502 87654321
>>>
>>>SEARCH /N:1000 /ST:1 0 12345678
! Search for all occurrences
P 00000300 12345678
! of 12345678 on any byte
P 00000401 12345678
! boundary. Then try on
>>>SEARCH /N:1000 0 12345678
! longword boundaries.
P 00000300 12345678
! Search for all non-zero
>>>SEARCH /N:1000 /NOT 0 0
! longwords.
P 00000300 12345678
P 00000400 34567800
P 00000404 00000012
P 00000500 43210000
P 00000504 00008765
>>>SEARCH /N:1000 /ST:1 0 1 FFFFFFFE ! Search for odd-numbered
! longwords on any boundary.
P 00000502 87654321
P 00000503 00876543
P 00000504 00008765
P 00000505 00000087
>>>SEARCH /N:1000 /B 0 12
! Search for all occurrences
P 00000303 12
! of the byte 12.
P 00000404 12
>>>SEARCH /N:1000 /ST:1 /w 0 FE11
! Search for all words that
>>>
! could be interpreted as
>>>
! a spin (10$: brb 10$).
>>>
! Note that none were found.

3–16 Console Commands

3.14 SET
The SET command sets the parameter to the value you specify.
Format:
SET {parameter} {value}
Parameters:
BFLAG

Sets the default R5 boot flags. The value must be a hex number
of up to eight digits.

BOOT

Sets the default boot device. The value must be a valid device
name or list of device names as specified in the BOOT command
description in Section 3.1.

HALT

Sets the user-defined halt action. Acceptable values are the
keywords "default", "restart", "reboot", "halt", "restart_reboot", or
a number in the range 0 to 4 inclusive.

HOST

Makes a DUP connection to a DSSI device.

LANGUAGE

Sets console language and keyboard type. If the current console
terminal does not support the multinational character set (MCS),
then this command has no effect and the console message
appears in English. Values are 1 through 15.

PSWD

Allows you to enable or disable the console security feature of the
system. The SET PSE command accepts the following values:

1. 0—Console security disabled
2. 1—Console security enabled
When the console security feature is enabled, only a subset of the
console commands are available to the user. These commands
are listed in Section 2.3. To enable the complete set of console
commands once the console security feature is enabled, you must
use the LOGIN command (see Section 3.9).
PSWD

Allows you to set or change the console security password.

RECALL

Sets command recall state to either ENABLED (1) or DISABLED
(0).

SCSI_ID

Sets the SCSI ID of the SCSI controller, to a number in the range
0 to 7. The SCSI ID of the SCSI controller is set to 6 by default.

Console Commands 3–17

Qualifiers: Listed in the parameter descriptions above.
Examples:
>>>
>>>SET BFLAG 220
>>>
>>>SET BOOT DUA0
>>>
>>>SET LANGUAGE 5
>>>
>>>SET HALT RESTART
>>>

3.15 SHOW
The SHOW command displays the console parameter you specify.
Format:
SHOW {parameter}
Parameters:
BFLAG

Displays the default R5 boot flags.

BOOT

Displays the default boot device.

CONFIG

Displays the system configuration. The command displays
information about the devices that the firmware has tested. It
also displays the device errors that the most recent device test
detected.

DEVICE

Displays all devices in the system.

HALT

Shows the user-defined halt action.

DSSI

Shows the status of all nodes that are on the DSSI bus. For each
node on the DSSI bus, the console displays the node number,
the node name, and the boot name and type of the device, if
available. The command does not indicate the "bootability" of the
device.
The node that issues the command reports a node name of "*".
The device information is obtained from the media type field of
the MSCP command GET UNIT STATUS. In the case where the
node is not running or is not capable of running an MSCP server,
then no device information is displayed.

ETHERNET

3–18 Console Commands

Displays hardware Ethernet address for all Ethernet adapters
that can be found. Displays as blank if no Ethernet adapter is
present.

LANGUAGE

Displays console language and keyboard type. Refer to the
corresponding SET LANGUAGE command for the meaning.

MEMORY

Displays main memory configuration.

MEMORY/FULL

Additionally, displays the normally inaccessible areas of memory,
such as the PFN bitmap pages, the console scratch memory
pages, the Q22–bus scatter-gather map pages. Also reports the
addresses of bad pages, as defined by the bitmap.

PSE

Displays the condition of the console security feature of the
system.

QBUS

Displays all Q22–bus I/O addresses that respond to an aligned
word read, and speculative device name information. For each
address, the console displays the address in the VAX I/O space in
hex, the address as it would appear in the Q22–bus I/O space in
octal, and the word data that was read in hex.
This command may take several minutes to complete. Press
CTRL/C to terminate the command. During execution, the
command disables the scatter-gather map.

RECALL

Shows the current state of command recall, either ENABLED or
DISABLED.

RLV12

Displays all RL01 and RL02 disks that appear on the Q22–bus.

UQSSP

Displays the status of all disks and tapes that can be found on
the Q22–bus that support the UQSSP protocol. For each such
disk or tape on the Q22–bus, the firmware displays the controller
number, the controller CSR address, and the boot name and type
of each device connected to the controller. The command does not
indicate whether the device contains a bootable image.
This information is obtained from the media type field of the
MSCP command GET UNIT STATUS. The console does not
display device information if a node is not running (or cannot
run) an MSCP server.

SCSI

Shows any SCSI devices in the system.

TRANSLATION

Shows any virtual addresses that map to the specified physical
address. The firmware uses the current values of page table base
and length registers to perform its search; it is assumed that
page tables have been properly built.

VERSION

Displays the current firmware version.

Qualifiers: Listed in the parameter descriptions above.

Console Commands 3–19

Examples:
>>>
>>>SHOW BFLAG
00000220
>>>
>>>SHOW BOOT
DUA0
>>>SHOW CONTROLP
>>>
>>>SHOW ETHERNET
Ethernet Adapter
-EZA0 (08-00-2B-0B-29-14)
>>>
>>>SHOW HALT
restart
>>>
>>>SHOW LANGUAGE
English (United States/Canada)
>>>
>>>SHOW MEMORY
16 MB RAM, SIMM Set (0A,0B,0C,0D) present
Memory Set 0: 04000000 to 04FFFFFF, 16MB, 32768 good pages, 0 bad pages
64 MB RAM, SIMM Set (1E,1F,1G,1H) present
Memory Set 1: 00000000 to 03FFFFFF, 64MB, 131072 good pages, 0 bad pages
Total of 80MB, 163840 good pages, 0 bad pages, 136 reserved pages
>>>
>>>SHOW MEM/FULL
16 MB RAM, SIMM Set (0A,0B,0C,0D) present
Memory Set 0: 00000000 to 00FFFFFF, 16MB, 32768 good pages, 0 bad pages
Total of 16MB, 32768 good pages, 0 bad pages, 104 reserved pages
Memory Bitmap
-00FF3000 to 00FF3FFF, 8 pages
Console Scratch Area
-00FF4000 to 00FF7FFF, 32 pages
Scan of Bad Pages
>>>

3–20 Console Commands

>>>SHOW SCSI
SCSI Adapter 0 (761300), SCSI ID 7
-DKA100 (DEC TLZ04)
>>>
>>>SHOW TRANSLATION 1000
V 80001000
>>>
>>>SHOW VERSION
KA52 Vn.n VMBn.n
>>>
>>>SHOW DSSI
DSSI Bus 0 Node 1 (R5WBAA)
-DIA1 (RF35)
DSSI Bus 0 Node 7 (*)

3.16 START
The START command starts instruction execution at the address you specify.
If no address is given, the current PC is used. If memory mapping is enabled,
macro instructions are executed from virtual memory, and the address
is treated as a virtual address. The START command is equivalent to a
DEPOSIT to PC, followed by a CONTINUE. It does not perform a processor
initialization.
Format:
START [{address}]
Arguments:
[address]

The address at which to begin execution. This address is loaded into
the user’s PC.

Example:
>>>START 1000

Console Commands 3–21

3.17 TEST
The TEST command invokes a diagnostic test program specified by the test
number. If you enter a test number of 0 (zero), the powerup diagnostics
are executed. The console accepts an optional list of up to five additional
hexadecimal arguments.
Format:
TEST [{test_number} [{test_arguments}]]
Arguments:
{test_number}

A two-digit hex number specifying the test to be executed.

{test_arguments}

Up to five additional test arguments. These arguments are
accepted, but they have no meaning to the console.

Example:
>>>TEST 0
KA52-A Vn.n, VMB 2.14
Performing normal system tests.
74..73..72..71..70..69..68..67..66..65..64..63..62..61..60..59..
58..57..56..55..54..53..52..51..50..49..48..47..46..45..44..43..
42..41..40..39..38..37..36..35..34..33..32..31..30..29..28..27..
26..25..24..23..22..21..20..19..18..17..16..15..14..13..12..11..
10..09..08..07..06..05..04..03..
Tests completed.
>>>

3–22 Console Commands

Example:
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>T 9C

! Display the CPU registers.

savpc=20048C68 savpsl=20048C68
sbr=03FA0000
slr=00003040
p0br=80000000 p0lr=00182000 p1br=00000000 p1lr=00000000
sid=13001401
sie=03020801 mapen=00000000
tcr0=00000000 tir0=00000000 tnir0=00000000 tivr0=00000078
tcr1=00000001 tir1=02AF768E tnir1=0000000F tivr1=0000007C
bdr=3FFB08FF ssccr=00D05070 scbb=20053400
DZ csr=0020
tcr=0008
msr=0F75
scr=0000D000 dser=00000000 qbear=0000000F dear=00000000
qbmbr=03FF8000 ipcr=0000
nicsr0=1FFF0003 3=00004030 4=00004050 5=8039FF00 6=83E0F000 7=00000000
nicsr9=04E204E2 10=00040000 11=00000000 12=00000000 13=00000000 15=0000FFFF
NISA=08-00-2B-29-1C-7A
intmsk=00 intreq=00 scdadr=00000000 scddir=0
SCSI_CSRs 0=00 1=00 2=00 3=00 4=00 6=05 5=05 7=00 8=16 9=5B A=5B B=00 C=04
VIC......icsr=00000001
vmar=000007E0
ecr=000000CA
PC......pcctl=FFFFFC13 pcsts=FFFFF800 pcadr=FFFFFFF8
BC_128K..cctl=00000007 bcetsts=000003E0 bcetidx=FFFFFFE0 bcetag=FFFFFE00
......bcedsts=00000F00 bcedidx=001FFFF8 bcedecc=00000000
........nests=00000000 neoadr=E0055F70 neocmd=8000FF04 neicmd=000003FF
......nedathi=FFFFFFFF nedatlo=FF7F9FFF cefsts=00019200 cefadr=E00002C0
MEMORY...mesr=00006000
mear=08406010_____Add=21018040 mmcdsr=01111000
......memcon0=80000005 memcon1=00000007 moamr=00000000
ssr=C0CE
NCA......cesr=00000000 cmcdsr=0000C108 cnear=00000000
.......csear1=00000000 csear2=00000000 cioear1=00000000 cioear2=000002C0
.........iccs=00000000
nicr=FFFFD8F0
icr=FFFFD8F0
todr=00000000
>>>

Console Commands 3–23

Example:
>>>
>>>

; list diagnostics and scripts

>>>T 9E
Test
# Address Name
Parameters
___________________________________________________________________________
20053800 SCB
20054590 De_executive
30 200637BC Memory_Init_Bitmap *** mark_Hard_SBEs ******
31 20064094 Memory_Setup_CSRs **********
32 20064464 NMC_registers
**********
33 20064600 NMC_powerup
**
34 2005D0A4 SSC_ROM
***
35 20067394 B_Cache_diag_mode bypass_test_mask *********
37 200681C4 Cache_w_Memory
bypass_test_mask *********
40 2006242C Memory_count_pages SIMM_set0 SIMM_set1 Soft_errs_allowed *****
41 200579C0 Board_Reset
*
42 2005B56C Chk_for_Interrupts **********
46 200670D4 P_Cache_diag_mode bypass_test_mask *********
47 20063D7C Memory_Refresh
start_a end incr cont_on_err time_seconds *****
48 20061558 Memory_Addr_shorts start_add end_add * cont_on_err pat2 pat3 ****
4A 200634E0 Memory_ECC_SBEs
start_add end_add add_incr cont_on_err ******
4B 20061D78 Memory_Byte_Errors start_add end_add add_incr cont_on_err ******
4C 20062E90 Memory_ECC_Logic start_add end_add add_incr cont_on_err ******
4D 200613BC Memory_Address
start_add end_add add_incr cont_on_err ******
4E 20061AF8 Memory_Byte
start_add end_add add_incr cont_on_err ******
4F 20062628 Memory_Data
start_add end_add add_incr cont_on_err ******
51 2005BA5C FPA
**********
52 2005BED8 SSC_Prog_timers
which_timer wait_time_us ***
53 2005C1A8 SSC_TOY_Clock
repeat_test_250ms_ea Tolerance ***
54 2005B670 Virtual_Mode
********
55 2005C360 Interval_Timer
*****
58 200602F0 SHAC_RESET
port_number time_secs not_pres
59 2005F584 SGEC_LPBCK_ASSIST time_secs **
5C 2005FAEC SHAC
bypass_test_mask *******
5F 2005E870 SGEC
loopback_type no_ram_tests ******
63 2005CF48 QDSS_any
input_csr selftest_r0 selftest_r1 ******
80 200649FC CQBIC_memory
bypass_test_mask *********
81 2005CBA8 Qbus_MSCP
IP_csr ******
82 2005CD70 Qbus_DELQA
device_num_addr ****
83 20058C70 QZA_Intlpbck1
controller_number ********
84 2005A328 QZA_Intlpbck2
controller_number *********
85 20057EE4 QZA_memory
incr test_pattern controller_number *******
86 200583A0 QZA_DMA
Controller_number main_mem_buf ********
90 2005BE54 CQBIC_registers
*
91 2005BDE8 CQBIC_powerup
**
99 200647D0 Flush_Ena_Caches dis_flush_VIC dis_flush_BC dis_flush_PC

3–24 Console Commands

9A
9B
9C
9D
9E
9F
C1
C2
C5
C6
D0
D2
DA
DB
DC
DD
DE
DF
E0
E1
E2
E4
E8
E9
EC

2005D1DC
20064680
2005D1A8
2005DEC4
2005C518
20060888
20057B90
20057D68
2005E770
20057AD4
20066C98
20065220
20067FE8
20065A18
200642BC
200661FC
20065DB4
20065614
20068498
20068578
20068630
200689D4
20068B4C
20068BF4
20068CAC

INTERACTION
pass_count disable_device ****
Init_memory
***
List_CPU_registers *
Utility
Modify_CPU_type *********
List_diagnostics script_number *
Create_A0_Script **********
SSC_RAM_Data
*
SSC_RAM_Data_Addr *
SSC_registers
*
SSC_powerup
*********
V_Cache_diag_mode bypass_test_mask *********
O_Bit_diag_mode
bypass_test_mask *********
PB_Flush_Cache
**********
Speed
print_speed *********
NO_Memory_present *
B_Cache_Data_debug start_add end_add add_incr *******
B_Cache_Tag_Debug start_add end_add add_incr *******
O_BIT_DEBUG
start_add end_add add_incr seg_incr ******
SCSI
environment reset_bus time_s *******
SCSI_Utility
environment util_nbr target_ID lun ******
SCSI_MAP
bypass_test addr_incr_data_tst ********
DZ
environment *********
SYNC
environment *********
SYNC_Utility
environment *********
ASYNC
environment *********

Scripts
# Description
A0 User defined scripts
A1 Powerup tests, Functional Verify, continue on error, numeric countdown
A3 Functional Verify, stop on error, test # announcements
A4 Loop on A3 Functional Verify
A6 Memory tests, mark only multiple bit errors
A7 Memory tests
A8 Memory acceptance tests, mark single and multi-bit errors, call A7
A9 Memory tests, stop on error
B2 Extended tests plus BF
B5 Extended tests, then loop
BF DZ, SYNC, ASYNC with loopbacks
>>>
>>>

Console Commands 3–25

3.18 UNJAM
The UNJAM command performs an I/O bus reset, by writing a 1 (one) to IPR
55 (decimal). SHAC and SGEC are explicitly reset, EDAL_INTREQ register
error bits are cleared and SCST_DMA map registers are cleared.
Format:
UNJAM
Example:
>>>UNJAM
>>>

3.19 X—Binary Load and Unload
The X command is for use by automatic systems communicating with the
console.
The X command loads or unloads (that is, writes to memory, or reads from
memory) the specified number of data bytes through the console serial line
(regardless of console type) starting at the specified address.
Format:
X {address} {count} CR {line_checksum} {data} {data_checksum}
If bit 31 of the count is clear, data is received by the console and deposited into
memory. If bit 31 is set, data is read from memory and sent by the console.
The remaining bits in the count are a positive number indicating the number
of bytes to load or unload.
The console accepts the command upon receiving the carriage return. The next
byte the console receives is the command checksum, which is not echoed. The
command checksum is verified by adding all command characters, including
the checksum and separating space (but not including the terminating carriage
return, rubouts, or characters deleted by rubout), into an 8-bit register initially
set to zero. If no errors occur, the result is zero. If the command checksum
is correct, the console responds with the input prompt and either sends
data to the requester or prepares to receive data. If the command checksum
is in error, the console responds with an error message. The intent is to
prevent inadvertent operator entry into a mode where the console is accepting
characters from the keyboard as data, with no escape mechanism possible.

3–26 Console Commands

If the command is a load (bit 31 of the count is clear), the console responds
with the input prompt (>>>), then accepts the specified number of bytes of data
for depositing to memory, and an additional byte of received data checksum.
The data is verified by adding all data characters and the checksum character
into an 8-bit register initially set to zero. If the final content of the register is
nonzero, the data or checksum are in error, and the console responds with an
error message.
If the command is a binary unload (bit 31 of the count is set), the console
responds with the input prompt (>>>), followed by the specified number of
bytes of binary data. As each byte is sent, it is added to a checksum register
initially set to zero. At the end of the transmission, the two’s complement of
the low byte of the register is sent.
If the data checksum is incorrect on a load, or if memory or line errors occur
during the transmission of data, the entire transmission is completed, then the
console issues an error message. If an error occurs during loading, the contents
of the memory being loaded are unpredictable.
The console represses echo while it is receiving the data string and checksums.
The console terminates all flow control when it receives the carriage return at
the end of the command line in order to avoid treating flow control characters
from the terminal as valid command line checksums.
You can control the console serial line during a binary unload using control
characters ( CTRL/C , CTRL/S , CTRL/O , and so on). You cannot control the
console serial line during a binary load, since all received characters are valid
binary data.
The console has the following timing requirements:
•

It must receive data being loaded with a binary load command at a rate of
at least one byte every 60 seconds.

•

It must receive the command checksum that precedes the data within 60
seconds of the carriage return that terminates the command line.

•

It must receive the data checksum within 60 seconds of the last data byte.

If any of these timing requirements are not met, then the console aborts the
transmission by issuing an error message and returning to the console prompt.
The entire command, including the checksum, can be sent to the console as a
single burst of characters at the specified character rate of the console serial
line. The console is able to receive at least 4 KBytes of data in a single X
command.

Console Commands 3–27

3.20 ! (Comment)
The comment character (an exclamation point) is used to document command
sequences. It can appear anywhere on the command line. All characters
following the comment character are ignored.
Format: !
Example:
>>>! The console ignores this line.
>>>

3–28 Console Commands

4
Hardware Specifications
This chapter lists the hardware specifications of the following devices:
•

System unit

•

Internal SCSI device

•

KA52-AA CPU

•

Internal DSSI device

4.1 System Unit Specifications
The following tables list the specifications for the VAX 4000 Model 100A
system.

Hardware Specifications 4–1

Table 4–1 System Specifications: VAX 400 Model 100A
Subject

Description

Processor

KA52 (NVAX).

Boot and diagnostic
firmware ROM

512KB.

DRAM memory

Expandable from 16MB using one set of four 4MB SIMMs to a maximum
of 128MB using two sets of four 16MB SIMMs. These are MS44 memory
options.

Hard disk

RF35, RF36, and RF31T (the system supports a maximum of three disk
devices in the enclosure).

Tape drive

TZ30, TZK10, TLZ06.

Compact disc drive

RRD42.

Terminals

Supports the VT series.

Interfaces

One or two DSSI buses, one synchronous SCSI bus, one ThinWire Ethernet
port1 , one standard Ethernet port1 (thickwire), three MMJ ports, one
modem port. Optional: 8 or 16 additional asynchronous DEC423 MMJ
ports or 8 additional asynchronous modem ports, 2 synchronous ports.

Input voltage

Automatically adjusting ac input. Range: 100 V ac to 120 V ac or 220 V ac
to 240 V ac.

Maximum inrush
current

2.0 amperes (A) at 220 V ac.

Maximum running
current

2.2 A at 110 V ac, 1.1 A at 220 V ac.

Steady state
current

2.2 A at 110 V ac, 1.1 A at 220 V ac.

Maximum power
consumption

200 watts (W).

Frequency

49 Hz to 61 Hz.

1 Both Ethernet types cannot be used simultaneously.

4–2 Hardware Specifications

Table 4–2 System Unit Metrics
System Unit

Weight1
kg (lb)

Height
cm (in)

Width
cm (in)

Depth
cm (in)

Model 100A

18.18 (40)

14.99 (5.90)

46.38 (18.26)

40.00 (15.75)

1 Depends on configuration

Table 4–3 System Storage Conditions
Storage Condition

Range or Value

Temperature range

5°C to 50°C (41°F to 122°F )

Relative humidity

10% to 95% at 66°C (noncondensing)

Altitude

0 m to 2400 m (0 ft to 8000 ft)

Maximum wet bulb temperature

32°C (90°F)

Minimum dew point

2°C (36°F)

Table 4–4 System Operating Conditions and Nonoperating Conditions
Operating Conditions

Range or Value

Temperature range

10°C (50°F) to 32°C (90°F) with TZ30 tape drive;
otherwise, 10°C (50°F) to 40°C (104°F)

Temperature change rate

11°C (20°F) per hour maximum

Relative humidity

10% to 90% noncondensing (20% to 80% if tape device
installed)

Maximum wet bulb temperature

28°C (82°F)

Minimum dew point

2°C (36°F)

Altitude

2400 m (8000 ft) at 36°C (96°F)
(continued on next page)

Hardware Specifications 4–3

Table 4–4 (Cont.) System Operating Conditions and Nonoperating Conditions
Nonoperating Conditions
Temperature range

–40°C (–40°F) to 66°C (151°F)

Relative humidity

10% to 95% at 66°C (151°F)

Altitude

4900 m (16 000 ft)

Maximum wet bulb temperature

28°C (82°F)

Minimum dew point

2°C (36°F)

4–4 Hardware Specifications

4.2 Internal DSSI Device Specifications
The following tables list the specifications for the internal DSSI devices.
Table 4–5

DSSI Hard Disk Drive Specifications

Formatted Storage Capacity

RF31T

RF35

RF36

Per drive (MB )

381

852

1600

Blocks per track

54-108

Blocks per drive

744,534

1,664,628

3,125,408

Buffer size (KB)

512

Performance

RF31T

RF35

RF36

Transfer rate to or from media
(MB/second)

3.3

Data transfer rate
(MB/second)

4.0

5.0

Average seek time
(milliseconds)

5.5

9.5

9.7

Maximum seek time,
full stroke (milliseconds)

–

Average latency
(milliseconds)

5.6

Average access (milliseconds)

11.1

15.1

15.3

Hardware Specifications 4–5

Table 4–6 TZ30 Tape Drive Specifications
Subject

Description

Mode of operation

Streaming

Media

12.77 mm (0.5 in) unformatted magnetic tape

Bit density

2624 bits/cm (6667 bits/in)

Number of tracks

Transfer rate (at host)

62.5Kb/s

Tape speed

190 cm/s (75 in/s)

Track format

Multiple track serpentine recording

Cartridge capacity

95MB, formatted (approx)

Table 4–7 TZK10 QIC Tape Drive Specifications
Subject

Description

Mode of operation

Streaming.

Media

DC6320, DC6525, or Digital approved equivalent.
See the VAX 4000 Model 100A Operator Information
manual.

Track width: write

0.1778 mm +0.0000, -0.0127 mm (0.0070 in +0.0000,
-0.0005 in).

Track width: read

0.1270 mm +0.0127, -0.0000 mm (0.0050 in +0.0005,
-0.0000 in).

Bit density

16Kb/in.

Number of tracks

26.

Transfer rate

200K bytes/s at average streaming mode, 1.5MB/s at
SCSI maximum.

Tape speed

305 cm/s (120 in/s).

Track format

Multiple track serpentine recording.

Cartridge capacity

320MB or 525MB, formatted (approx), depending on
the QIC tape used.

4–6 Hardware Specifications

Table 4–8 TLZ06 Cassette Tape Drive Specifications
Subject

Description

Mode of operation

Streaming and start/stop.

Media

TLZ04-CA, TLZ06-CA, or Digital approved
equivalent. See the VAX 4000 Model 100A Operator
Information manual.

Bit density

114Mb/in.

Transfer rate (sustained)

183KB/s noncompression

Recording format

Digital Data Storage (DDS, DC)

Table 4–9 RRD42 Compact Disc Drive Specifications
Subject

Description

Acceptable discs

CD–ROM mode-1 data discs

Disc capacity

600MB

Rotation speed: innermost track

530 r/min at CLV = 1.4 m/s

Rotation speed: outermost track

200 r/min at CLV = 1.2 m/s

Sustained data transfer rate

150KB/s

Burst data transfer rate

1.5MB/s

Access time: full stroke

650 ms

Access time: average

380 ms

CD–ROM mode-2 data discs

Hardware Specifications 4–7

4.3 KA52–AA CPU Specifications
The Model 100A system uses the timesharing KA52–AA CPU (54-21797-01).
Central Processing Unit
Addressing modes

General register: 8
Program counter: 4
Index: 9

Clock rate

286 MHz (14 ns cycle)

Data path width

64 bits

Number of data types

Hardware: 9
Software emulated: 7

Number of instructions

Hardware: 242
Microcode assisted: 21
Software emulated: 41

General purpose registers

16 (32-bit wide)
Interval timer: 1 (programmable)
Programmable timers: 2

I/O bus interface

One Q22–bus interface with 8192
entry scatter/gather map

Q–bus backplane termination

123

Memory Management and Control
Page size

512 bytes

Virtual address space

4GB

Physical memory space

128MB

Number of memory sets

2 sets

Architecture
Instruction prefetch buffer size

16 bytes

Primary Cache
Data stored

Instruction and data

Write algorithm

Write-through

Size

8KB

4–8 Hardware Specifications

Architecture
Speed

14 nanoseconds (READ)

Associativity

Two-way

Back-up Cache
Data stored

Instruction stream and data

Write algorithm

Write-back

Size

128 Kbytes

Speed

42 nanoseconds

Associativity

Direct mapped

Translation buffer
Size

96 entry

Associativity

Fully associative

Q22–bus address translation
Q22–bus map cache
Size

16 entry

Associativity

Fully associative

Q22–bus I/O bus buffer size
Input

32 bytes

Output

4 bytes

Q22–bus Maximum I/O bandwidth
Block mode DMA read

2.4MB/second

Block mode DMA write

3.3MB/second

Ethernet Port
Supported protocols

Ethernet V2.0 (IEEE 802.3)

Supported media types

Standard or ThinWire

Data path width

1 bit

Data rate

10Mb/second

Buffer size
Transmit buffer

128 bytes

Receiver buffer

128 bytes

Hardware Specifications 4–9

Digital Storage System Interconnect (DSSI)
Number of DSSI interfaces

1 (or 2 with KFDDA option)

Maximum number of supported devices

7 (or 14 with KFDDA option)

Data path width

8 bits

Maximum bandwidth

4MB/second

Maximum queue I/O rate

1200/second

Buffer size
Transmit buffer

256 bytes

Receiver buffer

256 bytes

Console Serial Lines
Interface standards

EIA RS–423–A/CCITT V.10 X.26
EIA RS–232–C/CCITT V.28
DEC–423

Data format

1 start bit, 8 data bits, 0 parity bits,
1 stop bit

Baud rates

300; 600; 1200; 2400; 4800; 9600;
19,200; 38,400

Ordering Information
Included as part of base system
Operating System Support
VMS

Version 5.5-1HN

Diagnostic Support
MicroVAX Diagnostic Monitor

Release 137A and later

Self-tests

Yes