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Document:	TOPS-10 Documentation Directory Apr79
Order Number:	AA-0858C-TB
Revision:	0
Pages:	52
Original Filename:	AA-0858C-TB_TOPS-10_Documentation_Directory_Apr79.pdf

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TOPS .. 10
DOCUMENTATION
DIRECTORY
Order Number AA-0858C-TB

April 1979
This document describes the manuals for the
TOPS·10 Software Notebooks.
This manual supersedes the TOPS·10
Documentation Directory, Order Number
AA·0858B·TB.

To order additional copies; of this document, contact the Software Distribution
Center, Digital Equipment: Corporation, Maynard, Massachusetts 01754

digital equipment cor1poration • maynard. massachusetts

First Printing, February,
Upda ted,
May,
Updated, June,
Updated, August,
Revised, Nov~mber,
Revised,
April,

1978
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979

The information in this document is subject to change without notice
and should not be construed as a commitment by Digital Equipment
Corporation. Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility
for any errors that may appear in this document.
The software described in this document is furnished under a license
and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such
license.
Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility for the use or
reliability of its software on equipment that is not supplied by
DIGITAL and its affiliated companies.

The postage-prepaid READER'S COMMENTS form on the last page of this
document requests the user's critical evaluation to assist us in
preparing future documentation.
The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation:

DIGITAL
DEC
PDP
DECUS
UNIBUS
COMPUTER LABS
COMTEX
DDT
DECCOMM

DECsystem-lO
DECSYSTEM-20
DEC tape
DIBOL
EDUSYSTEM
FLIP CHIP
FOCAL
INDAC
LAB-8

MASSBUS
OMNIBUS
OS/8
PHA
RSTS
RSX
TYPESET-8
TYPESET-II

CONTENTS

Page
PREFACE

CHAPTER

INTRODUCTION

1,..1

CHAPTER

WHERE TO START

2-1

2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8

BEGINNING TOPS-I0 USERS
SYSTEM MANAGERS
SYSTEM PROGRAMMERS
HIGHER-LEVEL LANGUAGE USERS
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE USERS
BATCH USERS
OPERATORS
NONPROGRAMMER USERS

2-1
2-1
2-1
2-2
2-2
2-2
2-2
2-2

GUIDE TO APPLICABLE MANUALS

3-1

3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4

3-1
3-1
3-3

3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8

APPLICABLE
APPLICABLE
APPLICABLE
APPLICABLE
USERS
APPLICABLE
APPLICABLE
APPLICABLE
APPLICABLE

WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS

4-1

4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.10
4.11
4.12
4.13
4.14
4.15
4.16

NOTEBOOK
NOTEBOOK
NOTEBOOK
NOTEBOOK
NOTEBOOK
NOTEBOOK
NOTEBOOK
NOTEBOOK
NOTEBOOK
NOTEBOOK
NOTEBOOK
NOTEBOOK
NOTEBOOK
NOTEBOOK
NOTEBOOK
NOTEBOOK

4-1
4-2'
4-2
4-3
4-4
4-4
4-5
4-5
4-6
4-6
4-7
4-8
4-12
4-15
4-17
4-18

CHAPTER

MANUALS FOR BEGINNING TOPS-IO USERS
MANUALS fOR SYSTEM MANAGERS
MANUALS FO~ SYST~M PROGRAMMERS
MANUALS FOR HIGHER-LEVEL LANGUAGE
MANUALS FOR ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE USERS
MJ~NUALS FOR BATCH USERS
MANUALS FOR OPERATORS
Ml~NUALS FOR NON PROGRAMMER USERS

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

iii

3-4
3 .... 6
3-7
3-8
3-10

CONTENTS (CONT . )

Page
CHAPTER

STAND-ALONE MANUALS

5-1

CHAPTER

SOURCES OF SOFTWARE INFORMATION

6-1

6.1
6.2
6.3

SOFTWARE PROBLEMS
PROGRAMS AND MANUALS
DIGITAL EQUIPMENT COMPUTER USERS SOCIETY
(DECUS)
DECUS Program Library Catalogs
Proceeding of the DEeUS Symposia
Minutes of the TOPS-10/20 Sessions
COPY-N-MAIL
.
SIG Newsletters
DECUSCOPE
DECUS Addresses

6-1
6-1

6.3.1
6.3.2
6.3.3
6.3.4
6.3.5
6.3.6
6.3.7

6-2
6-2
6-2
6-2
6-2
6-2
6-3
6-3
Glossary-l

GLOSSARY

PREFACE

This document is the starting point for all users of TOPS-IO software.
Whether you are a beginning TOPS-IO user, system manager, system
programmer,
language user,
assembly language user,
Batch
user,
operator, or nonprogrammer user, this guide is your road-map to the
TOPS-IO Software Notebooks.
This document serves three functions:
1.

It introduces the reader to the set of manuals available with
TOPS-IO software.

It guides each reader to those manuals most appropriate to
his interests and to the order in which those manuals should
be read.

It informs the reader of the
Services provided by DIGITAL.

numerous

Software

Support

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

Digital Equipment Corporation maintains TOPS-IO software documentation
in a set of notebooks called the TOPS-IO Software Notebooks.
These
notebooks are updated frequently with the latest
documentation
changes.
The
update
package,
called the Monthly Update,
is
distributed only to notebook holders who have a yearly subscription.
In addition to the documentation contained in the Software Notebooks,
"major
interest ll documentation in the form of stand-alone manuals is
also available.
These stand-alone manuals can be obtained only
through the Software Distribution Center, and they are updated by an
Update Notice.
Some manuals in the Software Notebooks serve a general purpose, while
others are highly specialized. To get the most from each manual, it
is important that you know where to look for the particular kind of
information of interest to you.
Chapter 2, WHERE TO START, lists the eight categories of
defines the duties and responsibilities of each category.

users

and

Chapter 3, GUIDE TO APPLICABLE MANUALS,
is a reading guide.
It
contains a list of the manuals that apply to each category of user and
the order in which the manuals should be read.
Each manual listed has
a reference to Chapter 4, which describes the contents of each manual.
Chapter 4, WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS,
lists the
manuals, their order codes, and a synopsis of each.

complete

set

Chapter 5, STAND-ALONE MANUALS, lists the TOPS-IO stand-alone manuals,
and gives a synopsis of each.
These are manuals that do not appear in
Software Notebooks.
Chapter 6, SOURCES OF SOFTWARE INFORMATION, lists the Software Support
Services provided by Digital Equipment Corporation.
A glossary appears at the end of this document.
clarify some TOPS-IO terms.

1-1

provided

CHAPTER 2
WHERE TO START

Consider the eight categories of users listed below, and decide which
category fits you best.
Then. turn to the section referenced in
parentheses that immediately follows the category you have chosen.
These descriptions are not intended to be complete, and there is bound
to be some overlap.

2.1

Beginning TOPS-IO Users (Section 2.1)

System Managers (Section 2.2)

System Programmers (Section 2.3)

Higher-Level Language Users (Section 2.4)

Assembly Language Users (Section 2.5)

Batch Users (Section 2.6)

Operators (Section 2.7)

Nonprogrammer Users (Section 2.8)

BEGINNING TOPS-IO USERS

Beginning TOPS-IO users are not familiar with an operating system, or
are familiar with an operating system, but not with TOPS-10.
(See
Section 3.1.)

2.2

SYSTEM MANAGERS

The system managers are responsible for the system's technical
operation and upkeep at each computer installation. They diagnose and
report problems in system software and are responsible for contracting
with DIGITAL for hardware and software support services.
(See Section
3.2. )

2.3

SYSTEM PROGRAMMERS

System programmers implement the software on the system.
They write
and test any installation modifications to system software, install
new system software, and serve as technical consultants to programmers
and operators.
(See Section 3.3.)
2-1

WHERE TO START
2.4

HIGHER-LEVEL LANGUAGE USERS

Language users or application programmers design and test applications
programs for use at the installation. The language users need to know
what system tools are at their disposal to create programs.
A
language user is classified according to the type of language he uses:
FORTRAN, BASIC, COBOL, ALGOL, or BLISS.
(See Section 3.4.)

2.5

ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE USERS

Assembly language users have the same duties and responsibilities as
language users except that they work with the assembly language,
MACRO.
(See Section 3.5.)

2.6

BATCH USERS

Batch users normally communicate with the system by way of the card
reader.
They can also enter jobs from an interactive terminal
concurrently with timesharing jobs. There are two forms of Batch:
Multiprogram Batch and Galaxy Batch.
(See Section 3.6.)

2.7

OPERATORS

The operators keep the TOPS-IO running. They should be aware of all
system resources available, know how to interact with the system and
with the user, and be able to recognize and solve problems before they
become serious.
There are two categories of operators: Batch and
timesharing.
(See Section 3.7.)

2.8

NON PROGRAMMER USERS

Nonprogrammer users may have some knowledge of either programming or
computers.
They may be clerks or managers who use the output to
obtain information.
(See Section 3.8.)

2-2

CHAPTER 3
GUIDE TO APPLICABLE MANUALS

The following sections suggest which manuals should be read in what
order.
There is a section number following each manual that refers
you to the section in Chapter 4 where a synopsis of the manual is
provided.

3.1

APPLICABLE MANUALS FOR BEGINNING TOPS-IO USERS

NOTEBOOK 1
1.

Introduction to DECsystem-lO Software (Section 4.1)

Master Software Glossary (Section 4.1)

Introduction to Timesharing (Section 4.1)

Getting Started with DECsystem-lO (Section 4.1)

Getting Started with TOPS-IO Commands (Section 4.1)

NOTEBOOK 3

3.2

SOS User's Guide (Section 4.3)

SOS Reference Manual (Section 4.3)

Introduction to TECO (Section 4.3)

APPLICABLE MANUALS FOR SYSTEM MANAGERS

NOTEBOOK 1
1.

Introduction to DECsystem-10 Software (Section 4.1)

Master Software Glossary (Section 4.1)

Introduction to Timeshar ing (Section 4.1)

Getting Started With DECsystem-l0 (Section 4.1)

NOTEBOOK 2
1.

Operating System Commands (Section 4.2)

3-1

GUIDE TO APPLICABLE MANUALS
NOTEBOOK 11
1.

SOUP - Software Updating Package (Section 4.11)

NOTEBOOK 12
Programming Specifications l
1.

FACT - A Brief Description of the Contents of
Accounting Systems Record File (Section 4.12)

FACT.SYS,

the

NEW602 - New Features and Improvements Contained in the
Monitor (Section 4.13)

6.02

REACT - Program for Maintaining Administrative
(Section 4.13)

File

PERF - System Performance Evaluation Package (Section 4.13)

SCHED - Program
(Sectlon 4.13)

SIMPGK - Simulation Package for System Testing (Section 4.13)

SYSERR Manual (Section 4.13)

RSX-20F System Specifications (Section 4.13)

NOTEBOOK 13

Logic

Manual

for

Scheduler

Control

and

Swapper

NOTEBOOK 14
1.

Monitor Installation Guide (Section 4.14)

Networks Software Installation Guide (Section 4.14)

IBM Emulation/Termination DN61:

Guides to 6.01 - A System Administrator's Guide
User's Guide to 6.01 (Sectlon 4.14)

Crash Analysis Guide (Section 4.14)

2780/3780 (Section 4.14)
to

6.01,

NOTEBOOK 15
1.

ADMCON - Administrative Controls (Section 4.15 )

RUN REA - Running REACT (Section 4.15 )

SYSINF -

PCS-IO/20 Installation Guide (Section 4.15 )

PCS-IO/20 Project Control System
4.15 )

[System] Info Procedures (Section 4.15 )

Reference

Manual

(Section

NOTEBOOK 16
1.

TOPS-10 Monitor Installation Guide for the DECSYSTEM-2020

1
Specifications are intended to guide the TOPS-IO customer
instituting similar programming projects at his own installation.

3-2

GUIDE TO APPLICABLE MANUALS
3.3

APPLICABLE MANUALS FOR SYSTEM PROGRAMMERS

NOTEBOOK 6
1.

Hardware Reference Manual Volume 1 (Section 4.6)

Hardware Reference Manual (Section 4.6)

NOTEBOOK 7
1.

MACRO Assembler Reference Manual (Section 4.7)

NOTEBOOK 5
1.

Monitor Calls (Section 4.5)

NOTEBOOK 2
1.

Operating System Commands (Section 4.2)

Networks Programmer's Guide
4.2)

DN92 Remote Station User's Guide (Section 4.2)_

DN200 Remote Station Guide (Section 4.2)

and

Reference

Manual

(Section

NOTEBOOK 3
1.

SOS User's Guide (Section 4.3)

SOS Reference Manual (Section 4.3)

Introduction to TEeO (Section 4.3)

TECO Reference Manual (Section 4.3)

NOTEBOOK 4
1.

MPB Operation and System Programming Technique (Section 4.4)

Galaxy Operation and System Programming

Procedures

(Section

4.4)
NOTEBOOK 14
1.

BACKUP - Program
4.14)

for

Reading

CHKll - CHKll Reference Manual (Section 4.14)

FILDDT - Program for Examining Monitor
Timesharing (Section 4.14)

FNDBLK - Program for Determining the Physical
Block within a Disk File (Sectlon 4.14)

MONTST - Instructions for TOPS-IO
4.14)

MULTI - Souping Parallel Monitor Development Testing (Section

4.14)

3-3

Distribution

Tapes

without

Monitor

(Section

Interrupting
Address

Testing

(Section

GUIDE TO APPLICABLE MANUALS
7.

PATMON - Patching and Debugging the Monitor with DDT (Section
4.14)

Monitor Table Descriptions (Section 4.14)

IBM Emulation/Termination DN61: 2780/3780 (Section 4.14)

10.

Crash Analysis Guide (Section 4.14)

NOTEBOOKS 12 and 13
Programming Specifications 1
1.

All of the specifications in Notebooks 12 and 13 apply to the
work
of
System
Programmers.
Select
the particular
specifications that apply to your installation.

NOTEBOOK 10
1.

CREF - Cross Reference Listing

(Section 4.10)

DDT - Dynamic Debugging Technique

(Section 4.10)

NOTEBOOK 11
1.

FILEX - File Transfer Program (Section 4.11)

LINK Programmer's Reference Manual

MAKLIB User's Guide

PIP - Peripheral Interchange Program (Section 4.11)

SORT/MERGE User's Guide (Section 4.11)

SOUP - Software Updating Package (Section 4.11)

(Section 4.11)

NOTEBOOK 15

3.4

Operator's Guide (Section 4.15)

Operator's Guide (KL Series)

MEMPAR - Memory Parity Error Procedures (Section 4.15)

TWICE - Program to Define and Refresh Private File Structures
Under Timesharing (Section 4.15)

(Section 4.15)

APPLICABLE MANUALS FOR HIGHER-LEVEL LANGUAGE USERS

NOTEBOOK 1
1.

Introduction to DECsystem-l0 Software (Section 4.1)

1 Specifications are
intended to guide the TOPS-I0 customer
instituting similar programming projects at his own installation.

3-4

GUIDE TO APPLICABLE MANUALS
2.

Master Software Glossary (Section 4.1)

Introduction to Timesharing (Section 4.1)

Getting Started with DECsystem-IO (Section 4.1)

Getting Started With TOPS-IO Commands (Section 4.1)

NOTEBOOK 2
1.

Operating System Commands (Section 4.2)

NOTEBOOK 3
1.

SOS User's Guide (Section 4.3)

Introduction to TECO (Section 4.3)

SOS Reference Manual (Section 4.3)

TECO Reference Manual (Section 4.3)

NOTEBOOK 4
1.

Beginner's Guide to Multiprogram Batch (Section 4.4)

MPB Reference Manual (Section 4.4)

MPB Operation and System Programming Technique (Section 4.4)

Galaxy Batch Reference Manual (Section 4.4)

Galaxy Operation and System programming
4.4)

Procedures

(Section

NOTEBOOK 7
1.

ALGOL Programmer's Guide (Section 4.7)

BASIC Conversational Language Manual (Section 4.7)

NOTEBOOK 8
1.

BLISS-IO Programmer's Reference Manual (Section 4.8)

COBOL-68 Language Reference Manual (Section 4.8)

COBOL User's Guide (Section 4.8)

COBOL Utilities Manual (Section 4.8)

NOTEBOOK 9
1.

COBOL-74 Language Manual (Section 4.9)

NOTEBOOK 10
1.

FORTRAN-IO Programmer's Reference Manual (Section 4.10)

Science Library
4.10)

and

FORTRAN

3-5

Utility

Subprograms

(Section

GUIDE TO APPLICABLE MANUALS
3.

CREF - Cross Reference Listing (Section 4.10)

DDT - Dynamic Debugging Technique (Section 4.10)

NOTEBOOK 11
1.

FILEX - File Transfer Program (Section 4.11)

LINK Reference Manual (Section 4.11)

MAKLIB User's Guide (Section 4.11)

PIP - Peripheral Interchange Program (Section 4.11)

RUNOFF - Getting Started With RUNOFF (Section 4.11)

SORT/MERGE User's Guide (Section 4.11)

NOTEBOOK 13
1.

SYSMSG - System Messages (Section 4.13)

NOTEBOOK 14
1.

BACKUP - Program
4.14)

for

Reading

Distribution

Tapes

(Section

Reference

Manual

(Section

NOTEBOOK 15
1.

3.5

PCS-I0/20 Project Control System
4.15)

APPLICABLE MANUALS FOR ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE USERS

NOTEBOOK 7
1.

MACRO Assembler Reference Manual (Section 4.7)

NOTEBOOK 5
1.

Monitor Calls (Section 4.5)

NOTEBOOK 2
1.

Operating System Commands (Section 4.2)

NOTEBOOK 3
1.

TECO Reference Manual (Section 4.3)

SOS User's Guide (Section

4.~)

NOTEBOOK 10
1.

CREF - Cross Reference Listings (Section 4.10)

DDT - Dynamic Debugging Technique (Section 4.10)

3-6

GUIDE TO APPLICABLE MANUALS
NOTEBOOK 11
1.

FILEX - File Transfer Program (Section 4.11)

LINK - Programmer's Reference Manual (Section 4.11)

MAKLIB User's Guide (Section 4.11)

PIP - Peripheral Interchange Program (Section 4.11)

SORT/MERGE User's Guide (Section 4.11)

SOUP - Software Updating Package

(Sec~ion

4.11)

NOTEBOOK 13
1.

3.6

SYSMSG - System Messages (Section 4.13)

APPLICABLE MANUALS FOR BATCH USERS

NOTEBOOK 1

Introduction to DECsystem-l0 Software (Section 4.1)

Master Software Glosqary (Section 4.1)

NOTEBOOK 2
1.

Operating System Commands (Section 4.2)

NOTEBOOK 7
1.

MACRO Assembler Reference Manual (Section 4.7)

ALGOL Programmer's Guide (Section 4.7)

BASIC Conversational Language Manual (Section 4.7)

NOTEBOOK 8
1.

BLISS-I0 Programmer's Reference Manual (Section 4.8)

COBOL-68 Language Reference Manual (Section 4.8)

COBOL User's Guide (Section 4.8)

COBOL Utilities Manual (Section 4.8)

NOTEBOOK 9
1.

COBOL-74 Language Manual (Section 4.9)

NOTEBOOK 10
1.

FORTRAN-IO Programmer's Reference Manual (Section 4.10)

NOTEBOOK 4
1.

Beginner's Guide to Multiprogram Batch (Section 4.4)

Getting Started with Batch (Section 4.4)
3-7

GUIDE TO APPLICABLE MANUALS

3.7

MPB Reference Manual

(Section 4.4)

MPB Operation and System Programming Techniques

GALAXY Batch Reference Manual

GALAXY Operation and System programming
4.4)

(Section 4.4)

(Section 4.4)
Procedures

(Section

APPLICABLE MANUALS FOR OPERATORS

NOTEBOOK 1
1.

Introduction to DECsystem-l0 Software (Section 4.1)

Master Software Glossary (Section 4.1)

Getting Started With DECsystem-l0 (Section 4.1)

Getting Started With TOPS-I0 Commands

(Section 4.1)

NOTEBOOK 2
1.

Operating System Commands

(Section 4.2)

Networks Programmer's Guide

and

Reference

Manual

(Section

4.2)
3.

DN92 Remote Station User's Guide

DN200 Remote Station Guide

(Section 4.2)

NOTEBOOK 3
1.

SOS User's Guide

(Section 4.3)

SOS Reference Manual

(Section 4.3)

NOTEBOOK 15
1.

Operator's Guide

(Section 4.15)

Operator's Guide

(KL Series)

ADMCON - Administrative Controls

MEMPAR - Memory Parity Error Procedures

RUNREA - Running REACT (Section 4.15)

SYSINF -

TWICE - Program to Define and Refresh Private File Structures
Under Timesharing (Section 4.15)

[System]

(Section 4.15)

Info Procedures

(Section 4.15)
(Section 4.15)

(Section 4.15)

NOTEBOOK 16
1.

TOPS-I0 Monitor Installation
(Section 4.16)

3-8

Guide

for

the

DECSYSTEM-2020

GUIDE TO APPLICABLE MANUALS
2.

TOPS-IO Operator's
4.16)

Guide

for

the

DECSYSTEM-2020

(Section

NOTEBOOK 4
1.

Beginner's Guide to Multiprogram Batch

(Section 4.4)

Getting Started with Batch

MPB Operation and System Programming Techniques

GALAXY Operation and System Programming
4.4)

(Section 4.4)
(Section 4.4)

Procedures

(Section

NOTEBOOK 11
1.

PIP -

Peripheral Interchange Program (Section 4.11)

NOTEBOOK 12
Programming Specifications!
1.

BOOTS - Level D Bootstrap Program (Section 4.12)

BOOTll - PDP-II Bootstrap From PDP-IO

DIRECT -

Program for Producing

(Section 4.12)

Directory

Listings

(Section

4.12)
4.

DTBOOT - DEC tape Bootstrap (Section 4.12)

DTELDR - Load/Dump Utility for PDP-II from DECsystem-lO
DTE (Section 4.12)

over

FACT - A Brief Description of the Contents of FACT.SYS,
Accounting System's Records File (Section 4.12)

the

GRIPE - Program for Submitting User Complaints

HELPER -

INITIA - System Initialization Program (Section 4.12)

10.

KJOB - Program for Confirming Dispositions of Files at LOGOUr
Time (Section 4.12)

11.

Program That Prints Help Messages

4.12)

(Section 4.12)

the

System

(Section

NOTEBOOK 13
1.

NETLDR - Remote Node Load and Dump Utility (Section 4.13)

NEW602 - New Features in the 6.02 Monitor

OMOUNT - Program for Operator Interfacing for Removable Media
Requests (Section 4.13)

(Section 4.13)

Specifications are
intended
to guide
the TOPS-IO customer
instituting similar programming projects at his own installation.

3-9

GUIDE TO APPLICABLE MANUALS
4.

OPSER - Operator Service Program (Section 4.13)

PLEASE - Program
4.13 )

QUEUE and QMANGR - Programs for Creating,
ModlfYlng Queue Entries (Section 4.13)

for

User-Operator

Conversations

(Section

Listing,

and

NOTEBOOK 14

3.8

Monitor Installation Guide (Section 4.14)

BACKUP - Program

Networks Software Installation Guide (Section 4.14 )

DMPREF - DUMP Reference Manual

IBM Emulation/Termination DN61: 2780/3780 (Section 4.14)

Crash Analysis Guide (Section 4.14)

4.14)

for

Reading

Distr.ibution

Tapes

(Section

(Section 4.14)

APPLICABLE MANUALS FOR NONPROGRAMMER USERS

NOTEBOOK 1
1.

Getting Started With DECsystem-lO (Section 4.1)

Getting Started With TOPS-IO Commands (Section 4.1)

NOTEBOOK 3
1.

SOS User's Guide (Section 4.3)

Introduction to TECO (Section 4.3)

SOS Reference Manual

TECO Reference Manual (Section 4.3)

(Section 4.3)

NOTEBOOK 11
1.

RUNOFF - Getting Started with RUNOFF (Section 4.11)

PIP - Peripheral Interchange Program (Section 4.11)

NOTEBOOK 15
1.

PCS-IO/20 Project Control System
4.15 )

3-10

Reference

Manual

(Section

CHAPTER 4
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS

This chapter lists the TOPS-IO software manuals,
and gives a brief
synopsis of each one. The software version number (such as, Vnn) and
the order code (such as, DEC-xx-xxxxx-x-x), which is an identification
number to be used when ordering additional copies, are in parentheses
following the manual title.

4.1

NOTEBOOK 1

Introduction to DECsystem-lO Software (DEC-lO-MZDC-D)
This manual is an overview of TOPS~lO software.
Chapter 1 introduces
the components of TOPS-IO as well as the concept of multimode
computing.
Chapter
2 discusses the languages,
utilities,
and
applications.
Chapter
3 describes the essential aspects of the
resident operating system. Appendix A is a survey of the TOPS-IO
hardware.
Master Software Glossary (DEC-lO-XMSGA-A-D)
This glossary contains definitions of TOPS-IO software terms.
Introduction to Timesharing (DEC-lO-MTWB-D)
This manual discusses the uses f
timesharing system.

the operation, and the components of a

Getting Started With DECsystem-lO (DEC-lO-XGSDA-A-D)
This manual introduces you to TOPS-IO.
This document has colored
dividers that mark its sections~
each divider outlines procedures for
accomplishing specific tasks.
Getting Started With TOPS-IO Commands (DEC-lO-OTSCA-A-D)
This manual is a simplified guide for the timesharing user of TOPS-IO.
The commands described in this document are the monitor commands most
useful to the beginning user.

4-1

WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
4.2

NOTEBOOK 2

Operating System Commands Manual (V6.03)
Update (AD-0916C-TI)

(AA-0916C-TB)

This manual is a complete reference document describing the commands
available in the TOPS-IO operating system. Chapter I presents all the
commands available to the user and introduces the various components
of the operating system that interface with the user. Chapter 2 is a
detailed description of the commands processed by the command language
interpreter.
Chapter 3 lists the TOPS-IO error messages and error
codes along with descriptive information on how to correct errors.
The appendixes contain supplementary reference material and tables.
Networks Programmer's Guide and Reference Manual (DEC-IO-ONPGA-A-D)
update (DEC-IO-ONPGA-A-DNI)
This manual describes the networks facilities available to TOPS-IO
users.
The reader is assumed to be an experienced TOPS-IO programmer
with a working knowledge of MACRO-IO or a higher-level language.
DN92 Remote Station User's Guide (AA-57IIA-TB)
This guide is intended for users and station operators who are at
remote sites, distant from the host computer. The guide includes an
"Introduction" in Chapter 1, "DN92 Operator Procedures" in Chapter 2,
"Station Peripherals" in Chapter 3, and "Trouble Shooting" in Chapter
4. The appendixes contain specifies on certain DN92 registers and the
hardware error messages.
DN200 Remote Station Guide (CHKII V3(35), DDTII V4(I4), DN200 VI7(67),
NETLDR V3 (127)) (AA-D783A-TB)
This guide provides information on operating the DN200 remote station
and
discusses
troubleshooting
activities.
Chapter
I is an
introduction to the use of the remote station.
Chapter 2 describes
the startup procedures. Chapter 3 describes the station peripherals.
Chapter 4 explains how to troubleshoot for problems.
The appendixes
describe ROM switches, the NETLDR program, and how to read dump files
and punched card code.

4.3

NOTEBOOK 3

Introduction to TECO (V23)

(DEC-IO-UTECA-A-D)

This manual describes only the basic commands of TECO, a text
This manual is designed for beginning users of TECO.
TEeo Reference Manual (V23B)
Update (DEC-IO-UTPRA-A-DNI)

editor.

(DEC-IO-UTPRA-A-D)

This manual is a complete reference for advanced TECO users.
Chapter
1
is an introduction to TECO. Chapter 2 discusses the concepts of
TECO. Chapter 3 describes the various commands. Chapter 4 discusses
techniques for manipulating files. Chapter 5 explains user errors.

4-2

WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
SOS User's Guide (VI)

(DEC-lO-USOSA-A-D)

This manual explains the SOS editor. Chapter I describes how to get
your programs, data, or text into a file. Chapter 2 tells you how to
run a program. Chapters 3 through 5 describe how to modify files.
Chapter 6 explains how to save a file and end SOS execution.
SOS Reference Manual (V21(134)+)

(AA-D598A-TB)

This manual is a complete reference for the SOS text editor, a TOPS-IO
utility program.
It is written for the beginner who is familiar with
other text editors, as well as for the experienced SOS user needing
reference material for the SOS program.

4.4

NOTEBOOK 4

Beginner's Guide to Multiprogram
(DEC-IO-OMPBA-C-D)

Batch

(SPRINT-IO

V2,

BATCON

Vl2)

This manual introduces you to Batch. Chapter I tells you what Batch
is and how to use it. Chapter 2 describes how to enter a job to Batch
from cards, and Chapter 3 describes how to enter a job to Batch from a
terminal.
Chapter 4 explains how to interpret the printed output.
Chapter 5 includes sample jobs that are run through Batch from cards
and from a terminal.
MPB Reference Manual (SPRIN'I'-IO V2, BATCON Vl2)

(DEC-IO-OMBRA-A-D)

This manual is a complete r€!ference document describing the commands
that control jobs under the Multiprogram Batch System. Chapter 1
contains a brief introduction to the Multiprogramming Batch System and
its various components.
Chapter 2 describes several methods of
submitting jobs to the Batch system.
Chapter 3 gives a detailed
description of each of the SPRINT-lO commands and describes the output
produced by SPRINT-IO. Chapter 4 contains a discussion of the Batch
controller.
Chapter 5 contains sample programs. Chapter 6 lists the
Batch system error messages.
MPB Operation and System Programming Techni9ues (SPRINT-lO V2,
V12, SPOOL V6) (DEC-l O-OMBOfl.-A-D)

BATCON

This manual describes the operator commands necessary for controlling
the programs which comprise the Multiprogram Batch System. Chapter 1
describes the operator commands for BATCON. Chapter 2 describes the
commands for the output spoolersi
and Chapter 3 describes the
SPRINT-lO operator commands.
Chapter 4
lists
error
messages
alphabetically.
Chapter 5 contains instructions for installing the
MPB system.
Getting Started with Batch (TOPS-lO)

(V4)

(AA-D303A-TB)

This manual is written for the person who has some knowledge of Batch
processing, or who is familiar with a programming language or with
card processing on other systems.
Chapter I is an introduction.
Chapter 2 describes how to enter jobs to Batch from cards and Chapter
3 describes how to enter jobs to Batch from a terminal.
Chapter 4
explains how to interpret the printed output. Chapter 5 includes
sample jobs that are run through Batch from cards and from a terminal.
4-3

WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
GALAXY Batch Reference Manual
Update (DEC-IO-OGBRA-A-DNI)

(V2)

(DEC-IO-OGBRA-A-D)

This manual is a complete reference document describing the commands
for controlling jobs under the GALAXY Batch System.
Chapter I
contains a brief introduction to the GALAXY system and
its various
components.
Chapter 2 describes several methods for submitting jobs
to the Batch system. Chapter 3 gives a detailed description of each
of the SPRINT commands.
Chapter
4 is a discussion of the Batch
Controller. Chapter 5 contains sample programs. Chapter 6 lists the
GALAXY Batch system error messages.
GALAXY
Operation
and
System
(DEC-IO-OGBOA-A-D)
Update (DEC-IO-OGBOA-A-DNI)

Programming

Procedures

(V2)

The first part of this manual
is intended primarily for computer
console operators;
it tells how to run the programs in the GALAXY
Batch system and includes commands,
error recovery procedures,
and
helpful hints.
The second part of this manual is intended primarily
for the system programming staff or
the operations manager.
It
contains instructions for the installation of the GALAXY system under
an already running TOPS-IO monitor.

4.5

NOTEBOOK 5

Monitor Calls Manual (V6.03)
Update (AD-0974C-TI)

(AA-0974C-TB)

This manual is a complete reference guide to monitor calls in assembly
language programs.
The manual is intended for experienced assembly
language programmers.

4.6

NOTEBOOK 6

Hardware Reference Manual (Volume I)
(KA/KI)
Update (KL)

(EK-IO/20-HR-OOI)
(DEC-IO-XSRMA-A-D)
(DEC-IO-XSRMA-A-DNI)

This manual explains the machine-language programming and operation of
TOPS-IO.
Chapter I discusses the general characteristics of the
system. Chapter
2 covers all phases of the central processor,
including the general principle of I/O programming and handling the
interrupt system. The remaining chapters are devoted to the various
categories of peripheral equipment. Chapters 3 and 4 cover the simple
character-oriented devices that use form paper, paper tape, and cards.
Chapter 5 treats the data interfaces that are employed in the tape,
disk, and data-communication systems. Chapter 6 discusses the various
magnetic tapes and tape formats.
Chapter 7 explains disks and drums.
Chapter 8 discusses data communications.

4-4

WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
4.7

NOTEBOOK 7

MACRO Assembler Reference Manual

(V53)

(AA-C780C-TB)

This manual is intended as a
reference and
is written for
the
programmer with some knowledge of an assembler or an assembly
language.
Chapter I introduces the MACRO-IO assembler and explains
the
programming
conventions,
definitions
of terms,
character
interpretations,
numbers,
and expressions.
Chapter
2
discusses
MACRO-IO statements.
Chapter 3 describes the use of MACROS.
Chapter
4 discusses MACRO-IO commands and interactive use.
Chapter 5 explains
assembler output.
Chapter 6 explains pseudo-ops.
Chapter 7 describes
errors and messages.
The appendixes
include program examples,
a
functional list of pseudo-ops, and storage allocation.
AID Conversational Language Manual

(V20A)

(DEC-IO-NAIDA-A-D)

This manual describes AID, Algebraic
Interpretive Dialogue, which
provides the user with a facility to create external files for storage
of subroutines and data for subsequent recall and use.
ALGOL Programmer's Guide (V6)

(AA-OI96C-TK)

This manual gives a general definition of ALGOL and explains
its
various components.
It describes the program structure and the
constants, expressions, and declarations used.
It also explains the
construction and execution of programs.
This manual is not a tutorial
on ALGOL.
BASIC Conversational Language Manual

(VI7D)

(DEC-IO-LBLMA-A-D)

This manual introduces BASIC and its restrictions and characteristics.
It explains the different variables and steps in running a BASIC
program.
It also discusses functions,
subroutines,
and
error
messages.

4.8

NOTEBOOK 8

BLISS-IO Programmer's Reference Manual

(V4)

(DEC-IO-LBRMA-A-D)

This manual contains the complete specifications of the BLISS-IO
language syntax and semantics as processed by version 4 of the
BLISS-IO compiler.
The appendixes include BLISS-IO examples and error
messages.
COBOL-68 Language Reference Manual

(VI2)

(AA-5057A-TK)

This manual explains how to use COBOL on TOPS-IO.
Chapter I describes
TOPS-IO COBOL.
Chapter 2 discusses language elements and conventions
used in a COBOL program.
Chapters 3 through 6 detail the four major
divisions of a COBOL program.
Chapter 7 describes the COBOL library,
and Chapter 8 discusses subprograms and LINK overlays.

4-5

WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
COBOL User's Guide (COBOL V5i

LIBOL V6)

(DEC-IO-LCUGA-B-D)

This manual describes COBOL data files, COBOL recording modes, and
some of the features of TOPS-IO COBOL.
It gives some hints on
optimizing COBOL programs. This manual also describes the devices
available on TOPS-IO. The error messages from the COBOL compiler and
the object-time system are included in Appendix A. This manual is not
a tutorial.
COBOL utilities Manual (VIO)

(DEC-IO-LCUTA-A-D)

This manual describes the utility programs that are used with TOPS-IO
COBOL programs. Chapter I introduces the utility programs. Chapters
2 through 6 describe each program individually - COBDDT, ISAM, LIBARY,
RERUN, and CSORT.

4.9

NOTEBOOK 9

COBOL-74 Language Manual (V12)

(AA-50 59A-TK)

This manual describes COBOL-74 as implemented on the TOPS-IO and
TOPS-20 operating systems. Part I outlines the topics to be covered
in each chapter. Part 2 describes the COBOL-74 compiler and presents
the vocabulary and syntax of the language.
Part 3 provides the
information necessary to use the COBOL system, including performance
improvement utilities, and various features of COBOL-74. Part 4
contains appended material. Several appendixes and a glossary of
COBOL-74 terms are included.

4.10

NOTEBOOK 10

FORTRAN-IO Programmer's Reference Manual l

(V5)

(AA-0944E-TB)

This manual describes the minimum set of commands necessary to input,
edit, and execute FORTRAN programs. It also describes the FORTRAN
language as implemented for the FORTRAN-IO Language Processing System.
Science Library and FORTRAN Utility Subprograms Programmer's Reference
Manual (DEC-IO-SFLE-D)
This document is a concise summary
subprograms found in the FORTRAN IV
Utility Subprograms.

of
mathematical
function
Science Library and FORTRAN

1
FORTRAN-IO is the newer optimized FORTRAN IV compiler.
older FORTRAN IV compiler.

4-6

F40 is

the

WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
Interactive Query Language User's Guide (V3)

(AA-H282A-TK)

This manual describes the features of IQL version 3.0, which is a full
data management system with comprehensive input, update, browse, and
report capabilities.
Chapter 1 explains file handling by IQL.
Chapter 2 explains how to access IQL. Chapter 3 explains how to
prepare a query file. Chapter 4 explains how to create, update, and
read a data file.
Chapter 5 explains how to prepare a directory.
Chapter 6 explains how to use IQL in a batch job.
CREF - Cross Reference Listing (V47)
This document describes the CREF system program, which produces a
sequence-numbered assembly listing followed by one to three tables:
one showing cross-reference for all operand-type symbols, another
showing cross-reference for all user-defined operators, and another
showing the cross-references for all op codes and pseudo-op codes.
DDT - Dynamic Debugging Technique (V36)
This document describes the process
testing
of MACRO-IO and FORTRAN
composition of object programs.

4.11

(DEC-IO-UDDTA-A-D)

for interactive debugging and
programs, and on-line program

NOTEBOOK 11

FILEX - File Transfer Program (V16)
This document describes FILEX, a general file-transfer
program
designed to read and write various DECtape directory and standard disk
file formats. FILEX facilitates the transfer of file data having
different core image make-up.
No processing is done on the data
itself except what is needed to convert core image representation.
LINK Reference Manual (V4)

(AA-0988C-TB)

This manual is a reference document on the TOPS-IO Linking Loader,
LINK.
Chapter 1 introduces LINK and describes the two methods of
initializing the Linking Loader. Chapter 2 discusses the automatic
use of LINK through the COMPIL-class commands. Chapter 3 discusses
the direct use of LINK through the R LINK system command.
Chapter 4
describes the output from LINK. Chapter 5 describes LINK switches in
alphabetical order. Chapter 6 illustrates via examples the many uses
of LINK.
LINED - Line Editor for Disk Files (V13A)

(DEC-IO-ULNDA-A-D)

This document explains the use of LINED to create and edit source
program files that are written on disk in ASCII and assigned line
sequence numbers.
MAKLIB User's Guide (DEC-IO-UMUGA-A-D)
This document describes MAKLIB, a program that manipulates binary
files.
It explains the command-string format and command switches.
This manual also describes commands used to create libraries and
commands to manipulate library modules.
4-7

WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
L
7~O=A~D~E~R~-~L~1='n=-k=i~n~g~__L_o_a_d
__
e_r __~p~r~o~g~r~a~m~m_e~r_'_s____R_e_f_e_r__
e_n_c_e____M_a_n_u__
a_l
(DEC-IO-LLZB-D)

(V52A)

This manual describes the LINKING LOADER, which loads and links
relocatable binary programs generated by MACRO-IO, COBOL, ALGOL, or
FORTRAN IV preparatory to execution and generates a symbol table in
core for execution under the Dynamic Debugging Technique
(DDT)
program.
PIP - Peripheral Interchange Program (V33B)

(DEC-IO-UPIPA-A-D)

This manual describes the functions provided to the user by the
Peripheral Interchange Program (PIP).
It explains the PIP command
string and its basic elements, standard PIP switches, special PIP
switches, PIP error reporting, and PIP error messages.
RUNOFF - Getting Started with RUNOFF (VIO)

(DEC-IO-URUNA-A-D)

This manual is for the person who knows how to create a document with
a text editor or Batch system, but knows nothing about RUNOFF. RUNOFF
facilitates the preparation of typed or printed manuscripts by
performing line justification, page numbering, titling, indexing, and
formatting as directed by the user.
SORT/MERGE User's Guide (V4)

(AA-0997C-TB)

This document describes the SORT/MERGE utility program.
Chapter 1
introduces the SORT/MERGE program, including the hardware and software
environment. Chapter 2 explains how to use SORT/MERGE.
Chapter 3
describes the switches available in SORT/MERGE. Chapters 4 and 5
provide examples and messages.
SOUP (Software Updating Package) Programmer's
(DEC-IO-YUFA-D)

Reference

Manual

(V3)

This manual describes the program which constitutes the Software
Updating Package
(SOUP).
Chapter 1 introduces SOUP, describes the
component programs, and gives the equipment requirements.
Chapter 2
describes the updating of TOPS-IO software that has not been modified
by the user. Chapters 3 through 6 describe the updating of user
versions of system files.
Chapter 3 gives the format of the
correction file used in the updating process.
Chapters 4 and 5
describe the various options of the SOUP programs. Chapter 6 shows
examples of updating files. The appendixes summarize the switches and
list the error messages.

4.12

NOTEBOOK 12

PROGRAMMING SPECIFICATIONS l
ALCFIL - Program for Allocating File Space (V7)
This document describes a program used to allocate space on the disk.

Specifications are intended to guide the TOPS-IO customer
instituting similar programming projects at his own installation.
4-8

WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
BATCON - Multi-program Batch Controller (VI2)
This document discusses the responsibility of BATCON in
of the Multiprogram Batch System.

the

function

BOOTS - Level D Bootstrap Program (VIS)
This document explains a bootstrap program that is designed primarily
for loading and saving S-series monitors onto TOPS-IO rotating memory
devices.
BOOTII - PDP-II Bootstrap From DECsystem-IO (V4A)

(44)

This document explains a bootstrap program designed to load or dump
programs
from
the
DECsystem-IO
into
a
PDP-II through the
DECsystem-IO/PDP-II Data Link.
CREF - Input Formats for CREF (V52)
This document discusses the two input formats acceptable to CREF. One
is produced by early versions of MACRO, and the other is produced by
current versions of MACRO.
DAEMON - Swappable Monitor Extensions (VI4)
This document describes DAEMON, which is intended to perform monitor
functions that require signieicant amounts of code and/or table space,
and that do not require particularly fast response.
DIRECT - Program for Producing Directory Listings (V3)
This manual describes a prog~am designed to list disk, magnetic
and DEC tape directories.

tape,

DISKIO - DISK I/O Processing
This document describes I/O processing on the disk.
written in flow chart form.
DMPFIL - Program for

prepari~g

The

document

an Octal Dump of a User File (V6)

This document describes DMPF~L, a file dump program. DMPFIL reads
file and prepares a printabl~ version of an octal dump of the file.

DSKLST - Program for Listing jDisk File Structures (V32A)
This document describes DSKLST, a program that compiles and prints an
analysis of the contents arid the current status of the system's disk
line storage devices.
DSKRAT - Disk File Damage Asgessment Program (VIO)
This document describes
D file structures.

DSKR~T,

a damage-assessment program for

4-9

LEVEL

WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
DTBOOT - DECtape Bootstrap (V3)
This document
programs.

explains

DTELDR - Load/Dump Utility
(VI (21) )

bootstrap

for

PDP-II

program

intended

from

DECsystem-lO

transfer

over

DTE

This document describes a bootstrap program designed to load programs
from the DECsystem-lO into a PDP-II, and dump programs from the PDP-II
into a DECsystem-lO through the DTE-20 10/11 Data Interface.
DUMP - Program To Output Selected Portions of a File In ASCII (V4)
This document describes a program to provide printable dumps of data
files in modes and forms selected by the user, with particular
emphasis on core-image files.
ERROR - Description of the Contents of the File ERROR.SYS (DAEMON V12,
6.02)
This document discusses the ERROR.SYS file, created by DAEMON from
information stored in the monitor concerning performance and errors of
system hardware.
FORTRAN IV (F40) Programmer's Reference Manual (V27)
(DEC-IO-LFLMA-B-D)
This manual describes the specific statements
FORTRAN IV (F40) language for the TOPS-IO.

and

features

the

FACT - A Brief Description of the Contents of FACT.SYS, the Accounting
System Records File
This document describes the FACT.SYS file,
which
contains
transaction record of the activity on a TOPS-In timesharing system.

FILDAE - File Daemon
This document describes the File Daemon, which provides extended file
protection.
The File Daemon allows any user to specify who can and
who cannot access his files.
FILTST - Test Program to Provide File-Handling Tests
Monitor (V6)

for

Five-Series

This document describes FILTST, a MACRO source program that defines a
MACRO-level language used to write procedures that test file-handling
capabilities.
GRIPE - Program for Submitting User Complaints (V3)
This document explains GRIPE, a program that enables users
comments and complaints.

4-10

record

WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
HELPER - Program That Prints Help Messages (V4)
i

This document describes the subroutine HELPER, which is used to output
help texts.
INITIA - System Initialization Program (V7)
-t------

(146)

This document describes a program used to initialize terminals each
time a system is brought up~ each time a dataset is activated, and
each time a remote station ente~s startup.
KJOB - Program for Confirming Disposition
(V45A)

Files

LOGOUT

This document describes KJOB, a program the user invokes when
finished running his program on the TOPS-IO.

Time

has

This document describes KSFORM, a disk formatter program designed
run stand-alone on any DECSYSTEM-2020 KSlO/RHll RP06/RM03 system.

KSFORM - KSIO Disk Formatter

LIPS - Laboratory Interconnectiqn Programming System
This document discusses LIPS, which is designed to connect a host
computer with a set of external processors via a multiplexed data
channel.
LOGIN - Program for Gaining

Acc~ss

to the System (V57)

This document describes LOGIN, the system program through
users gain access to the TOPS-IO timesharing system.

which

all

This document describes the system program by which users get off
system.

the

LOGOUT - Program for Getting Ofe the System (V5.03)

LOKUUO - Mechanism for Locking Jobs in Core (V5.06)
!

This document describes a
privileged jobs in core.

progtam

for

locking

certain

classes

METER - Mechanism for System Performance Metering (V5.06)
This document describes METER, ~ program used to dynamically
and collect performance statistics from the monitor.
MONERR - Overview of Monitor
V7)

Er~or

select

Reporting (V5.06) SYSERR VI, DEAMON

This document gives an overview of the Monitor Error Reporting
and references the appropriate detailed documentation.

4-11

System

WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
MULTI-PROCESSING Functional Specification (VI)
This
document
describes
Multiprocessing System.

4.13

the

features

the

MASTER/SLAVE

NOTEBOOK 13

NETLDR - Remote Node Load and Dump Utility (V2A(110))
This document describes a bootstrap program. designed to perform
downline loads to remote stations from the host computer, or upline
dumps from remote stations to the host computer.
NEW602 - New Features for the 6.02 Monitor

(V6.02)

This document describes the new features in the 6.02 monitor.
OMOUNT - Program for Operator Interfacing for Removable Media Requests
(V26)
This document describes OMOUNT, a program run by the operator as an
OPSER subjob in order to service requests generated by UMOUNT and to
perform services commanded by the operator.
OPSER - Operator Service Program (VSA)
This document explains OPSER, a program that facilitates multiple
job
control from a single terminal by allowing the operator to initiate
several jobs from his terminal.
PERF - System Performance Evaluation Package
This document describes the TOPS-IO System Performance Evaluation
Package.
It consists of monitor code that allows you to collect data,
a user-mode program that allows you to record the data on disk, and a
number of user-mode programs that allow you to produce a graph,
reports, and summaries.
PLEASE - Program for User-Operator Conversations (VII)
This document describes the PLEASE command, which is available to
provide nonconflicting communication between an operator and system
users via a terminal.
QUEUE AND QMANGR - Programs for Creating, Listing, and Modifying Queue
EntrIes (QUEUE VS, QMANGER V4)
This document describes the actions and use
Batch Queue manipulator.

QUOLST - Programs for Printing Disk Quotas

(V4)

the

Multiprogramming

This document discusses QUOLST,
a program that prints the user's
quotas for each file structure in his search list and the number of
free blocks available in each file structure.
4-12

WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
REACT - Program for Maintaining Administrative Control Files (V3l)
This document describes REAC~, a program designed for maintaining
administrative control files.
REACT can be used to create, modify,
delete, or list entries in a fi e.
REATTA - Program to Reattach a Oob to Any Available Terminal (V3)
The document describes REATTA, ~ program that allows any user to
his job from one terminal to another.

move

RIBEXT - Extended RIBS for 5-Series
Monitor (V5.06)
I
This document explains the extehded file Retrieval Information
for 5-Series Monitor.

Blocks

RSX-20F System Specifications (~ TOPS-IO 6.03A, TOPS-20 3A)
(AA-H212A-TK)
I

This document is a preliminary ~ollection of information about the
RSX-20F front-end operating sy~tem. It represents an interim step in
the process of publishing an RS~-20F System Reference Manual. Chapter
I contains introductory material on RSX-20F and the front-end file
system.
Chapter 2 describes! the structure of RSX-20F and the
management and scheduling of! system tasks.
Chapter 3 describes
RSX-20F utility programs. Chap~er 4 contains information on error
detection, error recovery, an~ error reporting. Chapter 5 describes
DTE20 hardware operations.
Th~
appendixes contain information on
front-end tasks, a procedure! for transferring files between TOPS-IO
and RSX-20F, and a list of RSX-~OF stop codes.
!

RTTRP - Real-Time Trapping Program (V5.06)
'This document describes the RTTRP program, which allows timesharing
users to connect real-time devices on the priority-interrupt system,
and respond to these devices at interrupt level from their user
programs.
RUNOFF - Text Justifying Program (V78)
This document discusses RUNOFF, a program that facilitates the
preparation of typed or printed manuscripts, such as memos, manuals,
or documents.
SCHED - Program Logic Manual for Scheduler and Swapper
This document describes the TOPS-IO scheduler developed by the Western
Michigan University Academic Computer Center. The TOPS-IO scheduler
provides several response levels for long-term, short-term, and
high-priority computing needs.
SCNSER - Level D Scanner Service (V5.06)
This document describes SCNSER, which is a
TOPS-IO timesharing monitor.

4-13

scanner

service

for

the

WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
SCRIPT - Program for Simulating Many Users (VI)
This document explains the SCRIPT program, which sends predetermined
sequences of characters over multiple pseudo-teletypes to simulate a
load on the system for testing, measurement, and analysis.
SETSRC - Program for Printing and Changing Job Search List (VII)
This document describes the SETSRC program, through which the user can
manipulate a job's search list.
SIMPKG - Simulation Package for System Testing
This document describes a job simulation package developed by the
Academic Computer Center at Western Michigan University. The package
consists of a master control program and a number of user jobs that
simulate various types of user activity.
SPOOL - Programs for Transferring Files From Disk to Low-Speed Devices
(V4)
This document discusses the SPOOL program, which reads
queue files and directs output to the proper device.

the

system

STOPCD - List of Monitor Error Stops (V6.03A)
This document describes the different types of error stops
monitor and then lists all the error stops that can occur.

the

STRLIB - FORTRAN Oriented String Manipulation Library (VI)
This document describes the character-string manipulation facilities
provided for th~ FORTRAN-IO user by the string manipulation package,
STRLIB.
SYSMSG - System Messages
This manual is a complete alphabetical listing of all messages
on the TOPS-IO.
SYSTAT - Disk and Drum Performance Summary
SYSDPY (SYSTAT V471, SYSDPY V43I,VS.06)

Printed

outppt

SYSTAT

and

This document describes SYSTAT, a program that outputs to the user's
terminal the status information on the system as a whole, on selected
aspects of the system, or on a selected job or set of jobs.
WILD - Wild Card Lookup Routine (VS)
This document describes WILD, a subroutine called from any program
that needs to perform wildcard LOOKUPS or ENTERs on any device.

4-14

WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
TOPS-IO and TOPS-20 SYSERR Manual (6.03, SYSERR VIOA)

(AA-D533A-TK)

This document describes the error detection and recovery procedure,
SYSERR.
Chapter 1 is an overview and introduction.
Chapter 2
describes error detection, recovery and reporting under TOPS-IO.
Chapter 3 explains how to run SYSERR on TOPS-20. The appendixes list
the error messages and assembly instructions.

4.14

NOTEBOOK 14

Monitor Installation Guide (DEC-IO-OMIGA-A-D)
Update (DEC-IO-OMIGA-A-DNl)
This manual describes the steps you must
monitor.

take

install

the

6.03

Networks Software Installation Guide (AA-5156A-TB)
Update (V6.03A) (AD-5156C-Tl)
This manual is for those responsible for installing TOPS-IO networks
software.
Chapter
1
is an introduction to TOPS-lO networks
configurations and an overview of installation procedures. Chapter 2
describes the DIGITAL-supplied software.
Chapter 3 describes the
generation of a tailored configuration for each communication node in
the network. Chapter 4 covers the assembly of the software. Chapter
5 contains the loading procedures for the communications front ends
and the remote nodes. Chapter 6 describes DDTll, a dynamic debugging
technique for PDP-II based network nodes.
IBM Emulation/Termination DN61: 2780/3780 (DN61 VI, GALAXY V2)
(AA-D612A-TB)
This manual provides information on the installation, operation, and
use of DN61 software.
Chapter 1 is an overview of DN61 software.
Chapter 2 explains how to install the DN61 software.
Chapter 3
describes DN61 user procedures, and Chapter 4 describes DN61 operator
procedures. The appendixes describe the DN61 distribution tape, DN61
stop codes, and modems.
BACKUP - Program for Reading Distribution Tapes (V2)
This document describes the general capabilities of BACKUP, a program
used to save disk files on magnetic tape, and later to restore any or
all of these files back to disk.
CHKll Reference Manual (DEC-IO-CKRMA-A-D)
This manual describes CHKll, a hardware test module for PDP/II
communications systems.
This module makes sure that the devices and
memory of the system are functioning cQrrectly.

4-15

WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
DMPREF - DUMP Reference Manual

(DUMP V4, DAEMON V7)

This manual describes DUMP, a
man-readable format.

program

FILDDT - Program
Timesharing (V36)

for

Examining

that

converts

Monitor

without

file

Interrupting

This document describes FILDDT, which is a modified form of DDT.
It
looks at or modifies a file on disk, instead of in core memory, to
examine or patch a monitor.
FNDBLK - Determining the Physical Address of a
File

Block

Within

Disk

This document describes FNDBLK, ~ program that determines how to find
the physical block number that corresponds to a relative block in a
file.
GUIDES TO 6.01 - A System Administrator's
Guide to 6.01 monitor

Guide

6.01,

User's

Guide

and

User's

MONTST - Instructions for DECsystem-10 Monitor Testing

(V6)

This document contains a System Administrator's
Guide to the 6.01 monitor.

This document describes the test programs used by DIGITAL
testing new monitor releases.

systems

MULTI - Souping Parallel Monitor Developments Together
This document describes the
manipulate correction files.

use

SOUP

multifile

mode

PATMON - patching and Debugging the Monitor with DDT (DDT V34, 6.03)
This document describes how to patch a monitor with
timesharing, or EDDT under timesharing or stand-alone.

FILDDT

under

Crash Analysis Guide (V6.03A)
(AA-H206A-TB)
This guide describes the corrective or investigative action to take
when a system crash occurs.
Chapter 1 introduces you to the basic
concepts necessary to begin crash analysis.
Chapter 2 discusses how
to save status information for
future analysis.
Chapter 3 offers
guidelines for analyzing the crash dump file.
Chapters 4,
5,
and
6
discuss the types of system failures and how to track the causes.
Chapters 7 and 8 describe memory locations and CPU registers which
contain valuable information for crash analysis.
Chapter 9 offers
hints on how to patch the monitor.
Chapter 10 explains how to examine
the stack in analysis.

4-16

WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
Moni tor Table Descr iptions (V6. 01/5.07)
This document describes
monitor.

4.15

various

tables

(DEC-IO-OMTDA-A-D)
of

information

within

the

NOTEBOOK 15

Operator's Guide (V6. 02)

(DEC-IO-ODOGA-B-D)

This manual serves as a task-oriented reference to virtually all
facets of the operation of the TOPS-lO and its associated hardware.
This document reflects version 6.02 of the monitor.
Operator's Guide (KL Series)
Update (AD-5104A-Tl)
Update (AD-5104A-T2)
Update (AD-5104A-T3)
Update (AD-5ID4A-T4)

(6.03, RSX-20F V6A)

(AA-5104A-TB)

This document is a procedural text describing the operation of
KL-series TOPS-IO hardware, version 6.03 of the TOPS-IO monitor.

the

ADMCON - Administrative Controls
This document discusses control of computer access
and project-programmer numbers.

through

passwords

MEMPAR - Memory Parity Error Procedures (V5.05/5.06)
This document describes the procedures that the operator performs when
a memory parity error occurs.
RUNREA - Running REACT (V3l)
This document describes how to run REACT, a
administrative control files.
SYSINF -

[System] Info

proced~~

program

for

maintaining

(V6.0l/5.06)

This document describes System INFO, a component of the Inter-Process
Communication Facility, which is one of the features of the monitor
available to programmers.
TWICE - Program to Define and Refresh Private
Timesharing (V5.06)

File

Structures

Under

This document describes TWICE, an adaptation of the
monitor's
ONCE-Only dialogue program.
It can be used to refresh private file
structures under timesharing, to set file-structure parameters, or to
modify previously set file-structure parameters.

4-17

WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
PCS-IOj20 Installation Guide (FORTRAN V5A)

(AA-5513A-TK)

This installation guide is written for the system manager of a TOPS-IO
or a TOPS-20 operating system.
The procedures for building and
installing the Project Control System (PCS)
and PCS Editor
(PED)
programs from the distribution medium are described.
PCS-IOj20 project
(AA-5512A-TK)

Control

System

Reference

Manual

(FORTRAN

V5A)

This manual introduces the concepts involved in
working
with
PCS-lOj20, an application program that is written in FORTRAN and runs
under the TOPS-IO and TOPS-20 operating systems. This manual presents
the descriptions and instructions for using the program.

4.16

NOTEBOOK 16

TOPS-IO Monitor Installation Guide
(AA-D978A-TB)

for

the

DECSYSTEM-2020

(V6.03A)

This manual describes the steps necessary to install the 6.03A monitor
on the KSIO processor. Chapter 1 is an introduction describing the
installation tools and procedures needed to prepare the system for
installation.
Chapter 2 describes the procedure for booting the
installation monitor. Chapter 3 describes setting system parameters
with ONCE dialogue. Chapter 4 explains how to create the TOPS-IO file
system. Chapter 5 explains how to build the monitor.
Chapter 6
describes starting the monitor. The appendixes contain MONGEN symbols
and values, the configuration files, nonstandard device assignments,
error messages, and BOOTM reference material.
TOPS-IO Operator's Guide for the DECSYSTEM-2020 (V6.03A)

(AA-D979A-TB)

This document is a procedural text describing the operation of the
DECSYSTEM-2020 hardware version 6.03A LIR of the TOPS-IO monitor.
Chapter 1 describes the system operator's responsibilities and duties.
Chapter 2 describes the DECSYSTEM-2020 system components. Chapter 3
describes starting the system. Chapter 4 explains standard operating
tasks, and Chapter 5 explains management tasks. Chapter 6 describes
system recovery procedures. Chapter 7 describes device operation and
maintenance.
The appendixes contain operator-privileged commands,
microprocessor commands and messages, BOOTS error codes, BACKUP
reference material, and a complete list of stopcodes.

4-18

CHAPTER 5
STAND-ALONE MANUALS

The following is a list of "major interest" documentation in the form
of stand-alone manuals.
These stand-alone manuals are not found in
the Software Notebooks.
1.

APLSF programmer's Reference Manual
Update (DEC-lO-LPLSA-A-DNl)

(VI)

(DEC-lO-LPLSA-A-D)

This manual describes APLSF, a version of the APL language
that supports shared-system variables. This document is a
reference manual for all users of APLSF, and
is
an
introductory
text
for novice APL users with computer
experience and some background in mathematics.
2.

BASIC Language Reference Card (V17D)

(DEC-lO-XBRCA-A-D)

This document is a pocket reference
programming commands and conventions.
3.

COBOL Pocket
Reference
Card
(DEC-IO-OCRCA-A-D)
~-----------

(COBOL

describing
V6,

LIBOL

BASIC
V7)

This document is a pocket reference for the COBOL language.
It is a handy guide to COBOL program conventions and
format,
program
expressions,
line and source
program
structure, and commands.
4.

COGO-lOj20 User's Guide (AA-55l0A-TK)
Tnis document describes the use of COGO-IOj20, a FORTRAN
language program designed to solve plane coordinate geometry
problems under the TOPS-IO and TOPS-20 operating systems.
Chapter 1 describes COGO in general terms; Chapter 2 lists
conventions and definitions of terms needed to use the COGO
command
language
properly;
Chapter
3
contains the
explanation of each COGO command;
and Chapter 4 presents
sample problems that illustrate how a related series of COGO
commands can be used to solve practical problems.
The
appendixes contain a summary of COGO-lOj20 commands, a list
of COGO error messages, and information on how to generate
files.

COGO-lOj20 Installation Guide (AA-55llA-TK)
This document describes the procedures for building and
installing the COGO program from the distribution medium.
This document serves as a guide to the system manager for a
TOPS-IO or TOPS-20 operating system.

5-1

STAND-ALONE MANUALS
6.

Conversational
(DEC-lO-LCLA-B-D)

Programmi~_

Language

User's

Manual

----~--~--------------------

This manual describes how to
use
the
Conversational
Programming Language,
CPL.
This manual is intended to be
both a
tutorial and a
reference manual.
Each chapter
discusses features in a general way which the beginning user
should be able to understand.
Later in each chapter is more
detailed and comprehensive technical coverage of the subject.
7.

Data Base Management System (DBMS) Administrator's Procedures
Manual (V5) (AA-0899C-TB)
This document describes DBMS from the point of view of
the
Data Base Administrator and,
as such, it is the reference
manual for the system.
Major concepts of DBMS, the
role of
the Data Base Administrator, and various languages known to
the system are discussed.

Data Base Management System
Manual (V5) (AA-090lC-TB)

(DBMS)

Programmer's

Procedures

This manual contains a description of the TOPS-IO Data Base
Management System from the point of view of the applications
programmer who writes programs to access the data base.
9.

MACYll Assembler User's Guide

(DEC-lO-LMACA-A-D)

This manual explains how to use the MACY-ll assembler,
which
assembles MACRO-II source code for the PDP-II.
Chapter 1 is
a
brief
introduction,
and Chapter
2 describes
MACY-ll
operation procedures.
Chapter 3 describes listing control,
and Chapter 4 describes ENABLE/DISABLE control.
Chapter
5
contains a
summary of directives.
The appendixes describe
source/output file manipulation, and linking with LNKX-ll.
10.

Message Control System
(MCS-lO)
Manual (V2) (AA-09l2C-TB)

Administrator's

Procedures

This manual contains a description of MCS-IO from the point
of view of the system administrator who will design and
generate MCS-IO applications.
This manual contains a general
overview of MCS-IO and detailed information about the design
of an MCS application.
11.

Message Control System (MCS-lO) Operator's Procedures
(V2) (AA-09l3C-TB)

Manual

This manual contains a description of MCS-IO from the point
of view of the operator who will run MCS on a day-to-day
basis.
This manual contains an overview of MCS-lO,
a
description of the functions
that can be performed by the
MCS-IO operator, and a list of commands available to
the
operator.
12.

Message Control System
Manual (V2) (AA-09l4B-TB)

(MCS-lO)

Programmer's

Procedures

This manual contains the description of MCS-IO from the point
of view of the programmer who writes application programs.
This manual also explains
the
format
and
rules
for
communication programs.

5-2

STAND-ALONE MANUALS
13.

Monitor
Calls
(DEC-IO-OMCRB-C-D)

Pocket

Reference

This document is a handy guide to TOPS-IO monitor
experienced assembly language programmers.
14.

Operating System Command~
(DEC-IO-OTSMB-C-D)

Pocket

This document is a handy
conventions and commands.
15.

guide

Reference
to

TOPS-lO

for

(V6.02)

programming

SOS Reference Card (V21(l34))
(AV-D578A-TB)

System Reference/Reference Card (10/20)
This document is a pocket reference
characteristics
of
the
system
peripheral equipment.

17.

calls

Guide

This document is a pocket reference describing the
options, and error messages of 50S.
16.

(V6.02)

Guide

commands,

(DEC-IO-XSRCA-B-D)

describing the general
and the categories of

Utilities Manual (DEC-IO-UTILA-A-D)
Update (DEC-IO-UTILA-A-DNl)
This document contains all of the utilities manuals for
TOPS-IO
documentation.
Included
in
this
manual is
documentation for: CREF, DDT, FILCOM, FILEX, GLOB, OPSER,
PIP and RUNOFF.

5-3

CHAPTER 6
SOURCES OF SOFTWARE INFORMATION

6.1

SOFTWARE PROBLEMS

Any questions or problems relating to
reported as follows:

DIGITAL's

software

should

North and South American submitters, upon completion of the SPR
remove the last copy and send the remainder to:

form,

Software Communications
P. O. Box F
Maynard, Massachusetts 01754
An acknowledgment copy will be returned along with a blank SPR form
upon receipt.
The acknowledgment will contain a DIGITAL-assigned SPR
number.
The SPR number or the preprinted number should be referenced
in any future correspondence. Additional SPR forms may be obtained
from the above address.
~ll

international submitters, upon completion of the SPR form, reserve
the last copy, and send the remainder to the SPR Center in the nearest
DIGITAL office.
SPR forms are also available from our SPR Center.

6.2

PROGRAMS AND MANUALS

Software and manuals should be ordered by title and order number.
the United States, send orders to the nearest distribution center.
Digital Equipment Corporation
Technical Documentation Center
Cotton Road
Nashua, New Hampshire 03060
(Telephone: 800-258-1710)
Digital Equipment Corporation
Technical Documentation Center
2525 Augustine Drive
Santa Clara, California 95051
(Telephone: 408-984-0200)
Digital Equipment Corporation
Technical Documentation Center
712 West Algonquin Road
Arlington Heights, Illinois 60005
(Telephone: 312-640-5612)

6-1

SOURCES OF SOFTWARE INFORMATION
Outside of the United States, orders should be directed to the nearest
DIGITAL Field Sales Office or representative.

6.3

DIGITAL EQUIPMENT COMPUTER USERS SOCIETY (DECUS)

The Digital Equipment Computer Users Society (DECUS) is an association
established to promote the interchange of information and ideas about
the
computers,
computer
peripheral
equipment,
and
software
manufactured and marketed by DIGITAL. It offers its members a variety
of documentation and programs.

6.3.1

DECUS Program Library Catalogs

The DECUS Program Library contains programs and documentation written
and submitted by users.
The Library is maintained and operated
separate from the Digital Software Distribution Center.
It contains
approximately 2600 programs covering a wide range of applications,
languages, editors, numerical functions, utilities, and
display
routines.
The DECUS Program Library Catalogs, updated intermittently, contain
descriptive
abstracts
and
ordering information.
Catalogs are
available for the PDP-S, PDP-II, and TOPS-IO/20 computers lines.

6.3.2

Proceeding of the DEeUS Symposia

DECUS Symposia, held throughout the year in each of the DECUS
Chapters, provide a forum for DECUS members to meet together to
exchange information and ideas and to meet with DIGITAL management,
engineers, and Software Services and Field Service representatives.
The technical papers and presentations presented at each of five
meetings are published as the "Proceedings." They provide a permanent
record of the meetings' activities. The proceedings may be purchased
as individual issues or in an annual subscription plan.

6.3.3

Minutes of the TOPS-lO/20 Sessions

The TOPS-IO/20 sessions held at two U.S.
in the TOPS-IO/20 Reports.

6.3.4

DECUS Symposia are

recorded

COPY-N-MAIL

The TOPS-IO/20 Special User Group issues a monthly newsletter.

6.3.5

SIG Newsletters

DEeus Special Interest Groups (SIGs)
specific product or application.

6-2

issue

newsletters

aimed

SOURCES OF SOFTWARE INFORMATION
6.3.6

DECUSCOPE

The association's newsletter, nECUSCOPE, is issued quarterly to all
nECUS members.
It contains news about the association including
Library news, new policies, symposia information, etc.

6.3.7

DEeUS Addresses

To obtain information about membership in nECUS and additional
information about its publications, contact your local nECUS office:
nECUS U. S.
One Iron Way
Marlborough, Ma 01752
U. S. A.

nECUS Canada
P. O. Box 11500
Ottawa. Ontario K2H BKB
Canada

nECUS Europe
C. P. 510
12, avenue des Morgines
CH - 1213 Petit-Lancy 1,
Geneva, Switzerland
nECUS Australia
P. O. Box 491
Crows Nest, New South Wales 2065
Australia

6-3

GLOSSARY

ALGOL
ALGOrithmic Language. A scientifically oriented language that
contains
a
complete
syntax
for describing computational
algorithms.
ASCII Code
American Standard Code for Information Interchange. A 7-bit code
in which textual information is recorded. The ASCII code can
represent 128 distinct characters.
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE
The machine-oriented symbolic language specific to a given
computing system.
MACRO-IO is the standard TOPS-IO assembler
supplied by DIGITAL.
BASIC
Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code. A timesharing
language that is used to write interactive programs for direct
communication between terminal units ~nd computer centers.
BATCH PROCESSING
The technique of executing a set of computed programs
human interaction or direction during their execution.

without

BLISS
A programming language that enables users to write programs
consisting only of declarations which establish structure, and
expressions which compute values. It is specifically designed
for implementing system software.
BOOTSTRAP
A routine or device designed to bring itself into a desired state
by means of its own action, for example, a machine routine whose
first instructions are sufficient to bring the rest of the
routine into the computer from an input device.
CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)
The portion of the computer that contains the arithmetic and
logical facilities, control circuits, and basic I/O and memory
interfaces. There can be more than one CPU in a computing
system.
COBOL
Common Business Oriented Language. A programming
in programming data-processing applications.

Glossary-l

language

used

COMPILER
A programming system that translates a high-level source language
suitable for a particular machine. A compiler is a translator
that converts a source language program into intermediate or
machine language.
Some compilers used on the TOPS-IO are:
ALGOL, BASIC, COBOL, FORTRAN.
CREATE
To open, write, and close a file for the first time.
Only one
user at a time can create a file with a given name and extension
in the same directory or subdirectory of a file structure.
DDT
for
The Dynamic Debugging Technique program used
modification, and
checkout,
testing,
examination,
composition of object programs.

on-line
program

DEC tape
A convenient, pocket-sized reel of random-access magnetic tape
developed by Digital Equipment Corporation.
A standard reel
consists of 578 (decimal) blocks, each capable of storing 128
(decimal) words of data.
DIRECTORY
A file that contains the names and extensions of other
the device.

files

DISK
A form of mass-storage device in which information is stored on
rotating magnetic platters.
On the TOPS-lO, a disk is a
directory device.
DSK
The generic device name for disk-like devices.
The generic
device DSK is translated by the system into actual file structure
names that are defined for each job by the file structure search
list.
EDDT
Executive DDT (Dynamic Debugging Technique). A version of DDT
used for debugging programs, such as the monitor, in executive
mode.
FILDDT
File DDT (Dynamic Debugging Technique). A version of DDT used
for examining and changing a file on disk instead of in core
memory. This program is used to examine a monitor for debugging
purposes.
FILENAME EXTENSION
One to three alphanumeric characters usually chosen by
program to describe the class of information in file.
extension is separated from the filename by a period.

the
The

FILE STRUCTURE
The logical arrangement of blocks (which are normally 128 words
long) on one or more physical input/output device units of the
same type to form a collection of named files.

Glossary-2

FORTRAN
FORmula TRANslator. A procedure-oriented programming language
designed for
solving scientific problems by expressing
the
procedure for
their solution as arithmetic formulas.
The
language
is
widely
used
in many areas of engineering,
mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology,
psychology,
industry,
military, and business.
I/O
An abbreviation for input or output, or both.
Pertaining to all
equipment and activity that transfers information into or out of
a computer.
INITIALIZE
To set counters, switches, or addresses to zero or other starting
values at prescribed points
in the execution of a computer
routine,
particularly in preparation for
reexecution of
a
sequence of code.
LINK
A program that provides automatic loading and
relocation of
binary programs,
produces an optional storage map, and performs
loading and library searching.
The program also loads and
links
relocatable binary proqrams and generates a symbol table in core
for execution under DDT.
MACRO
The symbolic assembly program on the TOPS-ID.
MASTER/SLAVE SYSTEM
A specific multiprocessing system involving two processors where
one
processor has a more
important role than the other.
Master/Slave relationships can also occur between disk, tape, CPU
and other computer functions.
MONITOR
The collection of programs that schedules and controls the
operation
of
user programs and system programs,
performs
overlapped I/O, provides context switching,
and
allocates
resources so that the computer time is efficiently used.
MULTIPROCESSING
Simultaneous execution of two or more computer programs by two or
more processors.
ONCE ONLY TIME
The time at which the operator can change a number of monitor
This is done prior to
parameters when the monitor is started up.
scheduling any jobs.
OPERATING SYSTEM
The collection of programs that administer the operation of the
computing system by scheduling and controlling the operation of
user programs and system programs,
performing
I/O and various
utility functions, and allocating resources for efficient use of
the hardware.
PIP
The Peripheral Interchange Program which transfers data files
from one standard I/O device to another and performs simple
editing functions.
PIP performs sequenclng,
trailing blank
suppression,
compressing blanks
into tabs,
and magnetic tape
control functions.

Glossary-3

PSEUDO-OP
An operation that is not part of the computer's operation
repertoire as realized by hardware; hence, an extension of the
set of machine operations. In MACRO, pseudo-ops are directions
for assembly operations.
RETRIEVAL INFORMATION BLOCK (RIB)
The block that contains pointers to all the groups in a specific
file.
Each file has two copies of the RIB, one in the first
block of the first group, and the second in the block following
the last data block in the last group of the file.
SOFTWARE
The totality of programs and routines used to expand the
capabilities
of
computers, such as compilers, assemblers,
operational programs, service routines, utility routines, and
subroutines.
SOUP
The Software Updating Package that consists of a set of programs
for facilitating the update of system files or user source files.
SUBROUTINE
A routine designed to be used by other routines to
specific task.

accomplish

TECO
A text editor and corrector program that allows simple editing
requests, character-string searches, complex program editing,
command repetition, and text-block movement.
TERMINAL
A unit, normally consisting of both a keyboard and printing
mechanism, that is used to enter information into a computer and
to accept output from a computer.
USER
A person who utilizes the facilities of the TOPS-IO, or
person who invokes the program that calls another program.

Glossary-4

the

TOPS-IO
DOCUMENTATION DIRECTORY
AA-0858C-TB
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NOTE:

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use comments submitted on this form at the company's
discretion.
If you require a written reply and are
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form.

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Please make suggestions for improvement.

G,)

.!:

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page number.

If so, specify the error and the

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I
I
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