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Document:	DECsystem10 Operator's Guide (KL Series)
Order Number:	AA-5104A-TB
Revision:	0
Pages:	240
Original Filename:

OCR Text

decsyscenito
OPERATOR'S GUIDE
(KL SERIES)

dlifgliltiall

decsystcemic
OPERATOR’S GUIDE
(KL SERIES)
AA-5104A-TB

May 1977

6.03 MONITOR

This document is a procedural text describing the operation of the KL-series DECsystem-10
hardware, version 6.03 of the TOPS-10 monitor for the main processor, and version 6A of the
RSX-20F monitor for the console front-end processor.

To order additional copies of this document, contact the Software Distribution
-Center, Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard, Massachusetts 01754.

digital equipment corporation - maynard, massachusetkts

First Printing,

May

1977

The information in this document is subject to change without notice
and should not be construed as a commitment by Digital Equipment
Corporation.
Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility
for any errors that may appear in this document.
The software described in this document is furnished under a license
and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such
license.
Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility for the use
or reliability of its software on equipment that is not supplied by
DIGITAL.

The postage

prepaid

1977 by Digital Equipment Corporation

READER'S

COMMENTS

form on

document requests the user's
paring future documentation.

critical

evaluation

The

following

are

trademarks

the

last page
to

assist us

Digital Equipment Corporation:

DIGITAL

DECsystem-10

MASSBUS

DEC

DECtape

OMNIBUS

PDP

DIBOL

0S/8

DECUS

EDUSYSTEM

UNIBUS

FLIP

COMPUTER LABS

FOCAL

RSX

COMTEX

INDAC

TYPESET-8

DDT

LAB-8

TYPESET-10
.

DECCOMM

DECSYSTEM-20

TYPESET-11

CHIP

PHA
RSTS

this
in pre-

CONTENTS

Page

PREFACE

wnN
-

[]
[]
[]

THE

POWERING

THE

(TOPS-10

Software

SYSTEM

CONSOLE

FRONT

END

MONITOR)

Loading
Loading
Loading
LOADING

and Other

RSX-20F
RSX-20F
RSX-20F

from Disk
from DECtape
via the Switch Register

THE

CENTRAL
MONITOR)

iii

PROCESSOR

WWWNNNN

—

Sy Sy
Y

Interpreters

Utilities

SR T
CE N N CE CE VT ST ST S S ST O
b
U UUEEBEWWWWNNN
-

Assembler

[]
|]

wN
=

MACRO

Compilers

NOOO

SOFTWARE

Systems

Languages

whhNdDDND

[J
®
[]
[]
[]
[]

Operating

NENENENE CN SN S

DECtapes

Disk Systems
Magnetic Tapes
Plotter
Terminals and Remote Stations
Hardcopy Terminals
CRT Display Terminals
Remote Stations

W
DD
[
[}

@
e

ANV

UL D
U

[
®

w N

[]

o
o
e
o
e
®

[}

[]

[}

[]

[}
[}

Processors

[]

o
T
B
el el ol ol ol
it
[}
[}
[]
®
L4
[]
[]
[]

(YOI (O (ORI (ORN (O I O R\ BN ol ool Sl el

Systems

DECSYSTEM-10

Peripherals
Line Printer
Card Readers/Punches

Processors

Front-End

(RSX-20F
[}

HARDWARE

Central

NN o

w w

COMPONENTS

Memory

System Logbook

Tailored Operation Procedures
Supplied by You

p—

The

Supplied by DIGITAL
Supplied by the Installation
The Operator's Notebook

—

DOCUMENTATION

STARTING

[]

Duties

Software-Related Duties

[]

Hardware—-Related

[]

e
b

[]
[]

e
b

[

[]
°

[]
[]
[]

RESPONSIBILITIES
DUTIES

YOUR
YOUR

NN NN

[]

OPERATOR

DECSYSTEM-10

[

CHAPTER

SYSTEM

wwww

CHAPTER

WWWWww
W WN NN -

THE

CHAPTER

A
S
N

BATCH

=0
U
W

W N
>

=
N
}—l

SYSTEM
Messages

BATCON

Commands
Operation

BATCON

Operator

OUTPUT

Messages

SPOOLERS

LPTSPL

Operator

Messages

Operator

Messages

SPROUT
SPROUT

INPUT

SPOOLER

(SPRINT)

SPRINT

Commands

SPRINT

Operator

Messages

PLEASE

SEND

= O
N

GRIPES

Saving

FACT

System

Shutdown

Files

DSKLST
DSKRAT

Day

TASKS

Update the Message of the
SPACE with /FACT Switch
Update Account Files
FILCOM Account Files
Detached Job Procedure
BACKUP (Daily)
SPACE with /BATCH Switch

= 00~
N

[]

[]
|]
[]

HHHEEHEOOOJOWUMe
WNH

e
e
b

TASKS

OPERATOR/USER COMMUNICATION

[]
[]

e
o

edWwwww

[ ]

[
®

QUL

[]

[}
o

o
o

S
o

S
e

R
A
i
N
gt At At
Y
R~
R~
S

Messages

(FILE AND MOUNT/DISMOUNT)

Components-to-QUASAR

OO0

T
S

Program

QUASAR

NSO

OPSER

QUEUE

GALAXY

b
e b

the

OPSER Operator

OMOUNT

DAILY

Commands Directly to Subjobs
OPSER Commands
OPSER Commands to the Operator
OPSER Commands for All Users

Commands

WNDNFHFHEFE

OPSER Operation

(62

ENDS

OPSER

OPERATOR

[

FRONT

SERVICES

LPTSPL

TOPS-10 from Disk
TOPS-10 from Magnetic Tape
Initialization Dialog
Second CPU (Dual Processor)

COMMUNICATIONS

GEGEGEGEGEGEGRS
NGRS RE RS RS,

CHAPTER

(Cont.)

Loading via the DL1O0
Loading via the DTE20
LOADING THE DX10 DATA CHANNEL
Loading Procedure
SYSTEM

CHAPTER

Loading
Loading
TOPS-10
Loading
LOADING

WWwwwwwwww

CONTENTS

(Cont.)

OTHER SCHEDULED TASKS
Account Control
BACKUP (Weekly)
NON-SCHEDULED TASKS
Formatting Disk Packs

5-15

62}

SYSTEM RECOVERY PROCEDURES

(o)

CENTRAL PROCESSOR RECOVERY

OO
OO O
|
|
I
T
N
I
|
HHRFOONJUOOUwND
N
—

Page

Errors

Power

Fluctuation

Power

Outage

Console/Diagnostic Front End
DTE20-Interfaced Communications

[

(T8

o> >

Altering Your Memory Configuration
Memory Selection and Interleaving

Hardware Errors
Parity Error

5-19
5-19

> W N w N
N

[]

e
[ ]

o
o
[

o
[ ]

(NN

NN N

RSX-20F Detected Errors
HUNG Condition
Crash Restart Procedure

FRONT-END PROCESSOR RECOVERY

N
o
e

o N N

Errors

(Monitor Error Stop)

STOPCD

Environmental

[]

Software

[}

o
o
e

wWwwwNDhdDdDDNDHE

o
e
O
o
o
&
e
[]

XX Xoa X2 KaKeaKale) e R e) o)

CHAPTER

(o)}

Formatting RP02s and RPO03s
Formatting RP04s and RP06s

5-15
5-16
5-19

Front Ends

DL10-Interfaced Communications

Front Ends
DX10 DATA CHANNEL RECOVERY
DEVICE

DW=
-

[]

TUTUT T

PRINTER

Forms

Controlling the Vertical Format Unit
Changing and Reversing the Ribbon

Cleaning the Line Printer
READER

Loading and Unloading Cards
Cleaning the Card Reader

DECTAPE
N

[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[
[}
[]

OPERATION

Changing

CARD
YOI

[ J

DD DB WWWNDNN

LINE

[]

AN NN NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNYS

CHAPTER

Mounting and Dismounting DECtapes
Cleaning DECtape Drives

MAGNETIC

TAPE

Mounting and Dismounting
TU1l0 and TUl6 Drives
TU40 and TU41l Drives
TU70, TU71, and TU72 Drives
TU45 Drives

Cleaning Magnetic Tape Drives

DISK

DRIVES

Mounting and Dismounting Disk Packs
Cleaning Disk Drives
Formatting Disk Packs

7-35
7-36
7-36

CONTENTS

(Cont.)

diskunit

BREAK

SET

CORMAX

SET

CORMIN

SET

DATE

SET

DAYTIME

SET

MEMORY

SET

NOMESSAGE

SET

OPR

SET

SCHED

SET

TTY

SET

VMMAX

XCHNGE

APPENDIX

RSX-20F

B.1l
B.2

PARSER

CONSOLE

PROCESSOR

ENTERING

AND EXITING
CONSOLE MODES
PROMPTS

B.3

PARSER

B.4

PARSER

COMMANDS

B.5

PARSER

ERROR

OOO0O0O0O00nn

APPENDIX

KLINIT

OPERATOR

KLINIT

MESSAGES

THE

PARSER

OPERATOR

MESSAGES

INITIALIZATION

Informational

Warning

.3
4

FOR

THE

COMMANDS

PROGRAM

(KLINIT)

DIALOG

Messages

Dialog Error Messages
System Error Messages
REPORTS RELATING TO KL MEMORY

=
o »n

DIALOG

q)o

CONFIGURATION
KLINIT

EXAMPLES

INDEX

Index-1

FIGURES

FIGURE

> o>

DETACH
SET

PIDS’PSTS’PIPS’P| DIDS’E’TI>3’>'>

device

—

job

DETACH

diskunit

ATTACH

device

ATTACH

wc'umww
|
I

DESCRIPTIONS

ATTACH

COMMAND

p—

INTRODUCTION

A.2

A.l

COMMANDS

HHEOOONNOOWUVUTLE
D WWNN

OPERATOR-PRIVILEGED

JoCo o

TOPS-10

()O(Pr)ocd
|
i1

APPENDIX

f—

Page

3-1

Load

Switches

7-1

LP07

Line

Printer

7-2

LP10

Line

Printer

7-3

LP07

Paper

Installation

and

Switch

7-4

LPO07

Forms

Alignment

7-5

LP10

Paper

Installation

7-6

LP07

Ribbon

Installation

3-2

7-2
7-3
7-6

7-17
7-9
7-1

CONTENTS

(Cont.)

Page

7-20

LP10 Ribbon Installation
CR10-F
CR10-E

7-23

Card Reader
Card Reader

7-24
7-28
7-30
7-31
7-33

TU1l6 Magnetic Tape Drive

TU40 Series Magnetic Tape Drive
TU70 Series Magnetic Tape Drive
TU45 Magnetic Tape Drive

7-37

RP03 Disk Drive
RP04 Disk Drive
RP06 Disk Drive

7-38
7-39

MF10-G

Settings

the Current

Commands to Display
Parameter Settings

Switch Register Bit Definitions
Commands to Set Parameters for Batch Jobs

Commands to Control Batch Subjobs
MF10-A (32K) Memory Address Switch
(64K)

Memory Address Switch

U
W

Settings

— O\

TABLE

TABLES

MF10 Interleave Switch Settings
MG1l0 and MH10 Memory Bank Selection
MG1l0 and MH10 Memory Address
Switch Settings

MG1l0 and MH10 Interleave Switch Settings

Standard LP10 Line Printer
Carriage Tape

Standard LP10 Line Printer Vertical

Action

Number of Fillers by Character
Filler

Class

vii

and

PREFACE

This operator's guide
provides
the
system
operator
with
a
brief
introduction
to
the
DECsystem-10's hardware and software components
and
serves
as
a
task-oriented
reference
for
operating
the
DECsystem-10.

The procedures documented in this manual are based on a
single
large
in-house
installation
using
all the standard hardware and software.
Because individual installations will
differ
both
in
the
hardware
configurations
and
in
the
software requirements, you should tailor
these procedures to fit the needs of your system
and
add
procedures
covering any unique applications.
This

publication

system

hardware,

covers
and

three

the

general

system

areas:

the

system operator,

Chapter 1 discusses the responsibilities
and
duties
of
the
operator
and introduces the documentation aids that he should
his disposal.
Chapter 2 gives a brief
7
provides
operating
peripheral devices.

the

software.

system
have at

description of the system components.
Chapter
and
maintenance
instructions
for the system

Chapter 3 covers the loading of the
main
and
front-end
©processors.
Chapter
4
describes
the
service
programs and commands used by the
operator.
Chapter 5 details some of the scheduled
and
non-scheduled
tasks
that
the
operator
1is
normally
responsible
for.
Chapter 6
contains system recovery procedures to be followed in the event
of
a
system malfunction.
Appendix
commands
examples
Appendix
console

contains

used
1in
are shown
B

contains

processor

detailed

the
KL
main
throughout the
the

the

processor.
procedures.

operator-privileged

language,

operator-privileged

Usage

command

information

and

subset

the

PARSER.

Appendix
C
contains
detailed
initialization program, KLINIT.

This publication reflects
release 6A of the RSX-20F

formats

information

release 6.03
of
the
front-end monitor.

the

TOPS-10

processor

monitor

and

The following publications in the Software Notebooks are suggested as
sources of additional

information for system operators:

Getting Started With DECsystem-10

DEC-10-XGSDA-A-D

Getting Started With TOPS-10 Commands

DEC-10-OTSCA-A-D

DECsystem-10 Operating System Commands

AA-0196C-TB

DECsystem-10 Monitor Calls

AA-0974C-TB

DECsystem-10 Galaxy Batch Reference
Manual

AA-0967B-TB

DECsystem-10 Galaxy Operation and
System Programming Procedures

AA-0966B-TB

Programming Specifications

(Notebooks 10,

Supplementary Operator Procedures

(Notebook 13)

11)

CHAPTER
THE

1.1
As

SYSTEM

OPERATOR

YOUR RESPONSIBILITIES
a

DECsystem-10

system

running

operator,

and

your

primary

respond

responsibility

user

requests

keep

the

quickly

and

efficiently as possible.
You must be familiar with all the
resources
available
to
vyour system, know how to interact with these resources,
and recognize potential problems that could reduce the
effective
use

these

You

must

resources.

know

how

communicate

as
with
the
main
processor.
RSX-20F operator commands and the
also
be
responsible for
shifts and for logging a
maintenance, and downtime.

1.2

with

the

front-end

processor

well

You

must
Dbe familiar with both the
TOPS-10 command language.
You
will
documenting system activities for subsequent
permanent
record
of
system
availability,

YOUR DUTIES

Your

duties can be classified into two
categories:
those
that
are
hardware-related and those that are software-related.
You may perform
these duties on a regular schedule, or on an
"on
<call"
or
even
an

emergency

l1.2.1

basis.

Hardware-Related

Duties

Hardware-related duties include the
devices
and
the
computer
room;
supplies such as paper forms, blank
the

servicing

load

the

event

any

damaged

call

field

its

normal

1.2.2

card
of
or

user

or
a

requests

paper

hardware

foreign

service

tape

operating

upkeep
of
the
replenishing
of
cards, and blank paper

mount

private

tapes

the

system
consumable
tape;
and

disk

packs

reader.

malfunction

material;

necessary;

condition

Software-Related

physical

you

assess

and

soon

should

the

attempt

extent

able
of

return

the

remove

failure

and

device

the

possible.

Duties

Software-related duties include replying to
devices,
and running system accounting and
by the system manager.

user

requests,

control

tasks

assigning

specified

THE

SYSTEM OPERATOR

Due to the complexity inherent in large systems, there will be times
to function correctly or will terminate
cease
when processing will
abnormally in what is known

"crash."

This

can

result

from

problems, hardware problems, or environmental
(programming)
software
malicious
inept or
Problems also include the presence of
problems.
a system crashes or ceases to function
When
system.
the
on
users
correctly, it becomes your responsibility to recognize the problem and
You should try to bring the
take the appropriate corrective measures.
as possible.
soon
as
level
operating
previous
its
system back up to
1is not feasible, you should attempt to bring up as much of
When this
the
follow
should
you
case,
either
In
possible.
the system as
accepted procedure for recording data in the event of a crash.

1.3

DOCUMENTATION

handle,
to
easier
To make your responsibilities and duties a little
You should obtain at least
there are a number of documents available.
are
others
reading,
Some are for one-time
the ones mentioned here.
are for you to document pertinent
others
still
and
reference,
for
system

information.

1.3.1

Supplied by DIGITAL

leaf
loose
set of
DECsystem-10 Software Notebooks are a 13-volume
supported
all
of
descriptions
updated
regularly
containing
notebooks
the DECsystem-10
1In addition to this manual,
DECsystem-10 software.
Operator's Guide (KL Series), the following publications found in the
will

Notebooks
function

provide

information

additional

your

relevant

system operator.

Getting Started With DECsystem-10
Getting Started With TOPS-10 Commands
DECsystem-10 Operating System Commands
DECsystem-10

Monitor

Calls

Supplementary Operator Procedures

(Notebook 13)

If you are using batch processing, you should also have the following:
DECsystem-10 GALAXY Operation and System Programming Procedures
In

addition

the

above,

vyou

may

find

helpful

ideas

1in

the

DIGITAL also supplies
located in Notebooks 10 and 11.
SPECIFICATIONS
some text files on the magnetic tape used for
software
distribution.

can be identified by their file extension of .HLP, .MEM,
files
These
system
your
to
If these files have been copied over
.BWR, or .DOC.

disk, you can PRINT them on your line printer or at your terminal.

1.3.2

Supplied by the Installation

Installation-supplied documentation’
System

Notebook,

operations

procedures.

Logbook,

and

usually

includes

Operator's

possibly a set of tailored system

1.3.2.1
The Operator's Notebook - The Operator's Notebook is the most
system
among
communications
shift-to-shift
for
means
practical

operators, and between an operator and the
1-2

system

supervisor.

Oral

THE

SYSTEM OPERATOR

messages
are quickly forgotten, loose notes
Operator's Notebook
provides
a
permanent
center for efficient system operations.

are often lost;
only the
and
centralized
message

You should read the turnover entries as you begin your shift.
Entries
will
include scheduled system downtime, new software to try, problems
encountered on previous shifts,
warnings
on
potential
intermittent
malfunctions,
and
specific
1instructions for work to be processed on
your

shift.

At the
end
information

non-prime

via

of
as

vyour
shift,
you
it
applies to the

shift operator,

should
enter
the
same
type
of
next shift operator.
If you are a

you can communicate with the sys$tem

manager

the Operator's Notebook.

1.3.2.2
The System Logbook - The System Logbook is another
important
piece
of
documentation.
It is the prime source of information about
the

system

programmers,
service

and

1is

system

referred

managers,

and

used

operators,

software support personnel,

and

system

field

engineers.

Entries include
reloading;
all

all
monitor
1loads
and
hardware
and
software

reloads,
with
reason
for
problems
with symptoms and
device
identification;
and,
system
shutdowns.
For
ease
in
identifying
the
items,
you
<can
follow
the convention of entering
hardware entries on the left-hand pages and software
entries
on
the
right-hand
pages.
Whatever
the
format
of the entries, it is most
important that you check this log when you report for
work
and
that
you keep it updated throughout your shift.

1.3.2.3
Tailored Operation Procedures - Your installation may want to
generate
a
tailored
set
of
operating
procedures
based upon your

specific hardware configuration and the software that is
actually
in
use.
Sections can be set up for your daily, weekly, monthly and other
scheduled tasks.
A customized operator's guide
such
as
this
would
provide
vyou
with
a compact, easily referenced run book and would be
useful

the

training

1.3.3

Supplied

new operators.

by You

In addition to
the
entries
that
you
generate
in
the
Operator's
Notebook
and
System
Logbook,
you should retain and file the system
console (CTY) output or 1log.
This
chronological
record
of
system
events
can be very useful in tracking down highly intermittent system
problems.

Whenever the system abnormally terminates, you should use one
of
the
memory
dump
programs
to
create
a
hardcopy
record
of
the error
conditions.
This information will be
required
by
software
support
personnel
or
field
service
engineers
when
they
troubleshoot the
problem.

CHAPTER
SYSTEM

understand

the

system

tasks

COMPONENTS

that

you

will

performing,

you

should

be
familiar
with
both
the
hardware and software components of the
DECsystem-10.
This
chapter
©provides
brief
descriptions
of
the
hardware
devices that you will be operating and the software programs

that

you

and

other

2.1

DECSYSTEM-10

system users

will

running.

HARDWARE

The DECsystem-10 hardware

that you will

be operating

general
categories:
central
processors,
memory
processors, peripherals, and remote stations.

2.1.1
The

Central

KL10A

falls

into

five

systems,

front-end

1080

1088,

Processors

central

processor,

used

a
microcoded
instruction
set
of
cache memory, eight sets of sixteen
purpose
registers,
virtual
memory

the

DECsystems

and

has

386 instructions, a high speed 2K
fast
integrated-circuit
general
capability,
and
a PDP-1ll1 based

Console/Diagnostic processor with
a
30-character-per-second
console
terminal.
This
console
terminal
allows
the
system
operator
to
communicate
with
the
central
processor
as
well
as
with
the
Console/Diagnostic processor.
The

KL10B

1090
plus

2.1.2

Core

central

processor,

and
1099,
offers
the following:

five

the

high-performance

features

high-speed

and

data

functions

channels

to
three
1integrated
communications
(DTE20's) .
A
fourth
DTE20
1is
used
Console/Diagnostic processor.

Memory

the

32K,

modules

may

36-bit words
storage

and

DECsystems

64K,

attached

directly

module

64K

DECsystems
as

the

KL10OA

(RH20's).

processor

channels
1interface
the

Systems

memory,

32K

same

integrated

combinations

The

used

the

words

128K

and

the

1088,

1090,

256K word

system

addressable

capacities

for

1080,

for

the

MF1l0,

64K

2-1

and

1099,

modules.

providing

consists

maximum

16
of

memory
4,096K

storage.
various

and

128K

storage

words

for

systems

the

MGl0,

are:

and

SYSTEM

128K

and

256K words for

four

the

COMPONENTS

MH10.

memory ports while

Each

each MGl0

MF1l0

up to eight memory ports.
Each port can
the use of the MX10 memory multiplexer.

2.1.3

Front-End

memory module

contains

further

expanded

through

Processors

The PDP-11 based Console/Diagnostic processor, discussed
as
part
the central processor, is also referred to as a console front end.
provides the means for the system operator
to
communicate
with
central

and MH10 memory module contains

of
It
the

processor.

Additional

PDP-11
based
front-end
processors,
referred
to
as
communications
front ends, can be attached to the KL10B processor via
the integrated DTE20 interface or DL10 data
channel.
On
the
KL10A
they are attached via the DL10.
Communications front ends provide the
facilities for supporting interactive terminals and unit record remote
stations.
They
can
be
attached
1locally
via
direct
electrical
connections or remotely via dedicated or dial-up telephone
lines.
A
DC76
front
end,
for example, provides asynchronous line protocol to
support
terminals
such
as
the
LA
series
DECwriters,
LT
series
Teletypes, and the VT series video terminals.

The DC75NP and DN85 front ends provide synchronous
1line
protocol
support
remote stations such as the DC72NP, the DAS80 series, and
DAS92.
They attach to the processors via the DL10.

to
the

The
DN87
and
DN87S
front
ends
provide
both
synchronous
and/or
asynchronous
protocol, depending upon the line options selected.
The
DN87 attaches to the
KL10A
and
KL10B
via
the
DL10
communication
channel.
The
DN87S
attaches
to the KL10B via the integrated DTE20
interface.

2.1.4

Peripherals

Peripheral

and

equipment,

1099,

consists

supported

of unit

the

record,

DECsystems

1080,

magnetic disk,

1088,

1090,

and magnetic

tape

devices.

2.1.4.1

Line

Printer

line

printers

are

available:

drum.

The LP1l0-H impact printer with a 96-character print set, dual
speed
of
925/675
1lines per minute, optical vertical format
control using
1l2-channel
tape,
and
a
quick-change
print
character

The

set

LP07

drum.

impact

printer

Charaband(R)

lines per minute,

(R)

following

impact printer with a 64-character print set, dual
1250/925 lines per minute, optical vertical format
using
12-channel
tape,
and
a
quick-change
print

character

The

The LPl0-F
speed
of

control

Charaband

1is

with

a quick-change,

(64/96 characters),

and Direct Access Vertical

registered

trademark

Corporation
2-2

dual

character

dual speed of 1200/900

Format Unit.

the

Dataproducts

SYSTEM

The

LAl180

impact

128-print-character
per second resulting

The

CR10-D

dot

matrix)

printer

set, and a print speed of 180
in 60-400 lines per minute.

2.1.4.2
Card Readers/Punches
are available:

COMPONENTS

table model

The

following

card

reader

card

readers

processing

with

and

1000

characters

punches

cards

per

1200

cards

per

300

cards

per

minute.

The CR10-E
minute.

console

The

table model

CR10-F

card

reader

card

processing

reader

processing

minute.

The CP1l0-D

card

punch

processing

100

cards

per

minute.

2.1.4.3
DECtapes - The TU56 DECtape
drive
1is
a
high
reliability,
bi-directional,
random access, magnetic tape storage device available
on the DECsystem-10.
Each TU56 is a dual tape transport, and, up to 4
of the dual drives can be attached to each TD10-C DECtape controller.

2.1.4.4
Disk Systems - There are five
DECsystem-10:
the
RHS04
fixed-head
RHP03, RHP04, and RHPO6 removable disk

disk systems available
on
the
swapping system, and the RHPOZ,
pack systems.

The RHS04 is a fast access, high transfer rate, swapping system and is
used
very
effectively
in
implementing the virtual memory option in
which pages (512
words)
of
memory
are
swapped
between
core
and
secondary
storage
(RHS04).
Page
swapping
can take place directly
between one part of
core
and
secondary
storage
concurrently
with
program execution
The

RHP02,

RHPO03,

another

part

core.

RHP04,

and

RHPO6

disk

systems

offer

storage

capacities
of
5.12, 10.24, 20.48, and 40.96 million words per drive,
respectively.
The RHP04 and RHP06 disk
systems
are
each
available
with
a
dual-port
option.
This
option
allows
a disk drive to be
accessed over either of two paths or both
concurrently.
In
the
KL
series processors, for example, one dual-ported disk drive can contain
files to be accessed by
both
the
main
processor
and
the
console
front-end
processor.
If
both
ports
are
connected
to
the
main
processor,
the
operating
system
can
maximize
I/0
throughput
by
starting simultaneous data transfers on two channels, concurrently.

2.1.4.5
drives

Magnetic Tapes - The
are

following

magnetic

tape

systems

and

supported:

The
TUlOA-E
9-track
recording
density
of
tape

speed

inches

and
TUlOA-F
7-track
drives
with
a
200, 556, and 800 bits per inch and a
per

second.

SYSTEM

The

and

TUl6

9-track

1600

bits

COMPONENTS

subsystem with

recording

per

-inch

and

tape

densities

speed

800

inches

per

second.

The TU40

9-track

densities
of
of 150 inches

and

TU41

200, 556, and
per second.

The TU45 9-track drive with
1600 bits per inch and tape

The TU70 9-track
and
1600
bits

tape
per

7-track
800

drives

bits

per

with

inch

and

recording
tape

speeds

recording densities
of
800
and
speed of 75 inches per second.

drive with
1inch
and

recording densities
of
tape speed of 200 inches

800
per

second.

The TU71 7-track tape drive with
556,
and
800 bits per inch and

recording densities of
200,
tape speed of 200 inches per

second.

The TU72 9-track tape drive with recording densities of
and
6250
(nominal) bits per inch recording density and
speed of 125 inches per second.

2.1.4.6

Plotter

The

DECsystem-10

supports

the

following

The XY10-A (CALCOMP Model 565) plotter with
inch,
or .1 millimeter step size at 18,000
and using l2-inch-wide paper.

The XY10-B (CALCOMP Model 563) plotter
size at 12,000 steps per minute or .005

step

size

18,000

steps

per

minute,

and

plotters:

.01
steps

with
inch

inch,
.005
per minute,

.01
or .1

using

1600
tape

inch
step
millimeter

3l-inch-wide

paper.

2.1.5
The

and

Terminals And

DECsystem-10

remote

supports

stations

Stations

hardcopy

comprised

terminals,

CRT

unit-record

display

equipment

terminals,

as well

terminals.

2.1.5.1

supported
l.

Remote

Hardcopy Terminals

in
The

both
LA36

local

and

The

remote

DECwriter

1II,

96-character
print
set,
speed and input keyboard.

following

hardcopy

terminals

are

modes:
an

impact

10/15/30

teleprinter

with

character-per-second

The LA35RO DECwriter, a receive-only
an LA36 without a keyboard.

The LA37APL DECwriter, an LA36 with dual APL/ASCII
<character
set.
It provides the user with the choice of full APL, full
upper/lower
case
ASCII,
or
upper
case
TTY
all
in
one
terminal.

terminal

and

basically

SYSTEM

The

LA180

DECprinter

1l28-character

COMPONENTS

7x7

set

dot

and

matrix

speed

impact

180

printer

with

characters

per

second.

2.1.5.2
CRT Display Terminals - The following
are supported in both local and remote modes:

CRT

display

terminals

The VT50 and VT50H video terminals, providing a screen format
of 12 lines at 80 characters per line with a 5 x 7 dot matrix
of

characters.

The VT52 video terminal, providing
a
lines at 80 characters per line with a

screen
format
of
7 x 7 dot matrix of

24
96

characters.

The VT61 video terminal, providing a screen format
24
lines
at
80
characters
per
1line
with a 7 x 8 dot matrix of 128
characters.
The VT61 has a more powerful microprocessor than
the
VT50
series and can offer more stand-alone capabilities
in the area of text editing.

2.1.5.3
Remote Stations
remote stations:

The

following

devices

are

supported

The DC72
remote
station,
with
peripherals
reader, line printer, and hardcopy and display

The DN80 series remote stations that can provide
remote
job
entry
facilities
(DN80), remote terminal facilities (DN81),
or a combination of both (DN82).

The
DAS92
remote
station,
which
<can
be
configured
in
combinations
of
terminal
1lines
and a card reader and/or a
line

2.2

such
as
card
terminals.

printer.

DECSYSTEM-10

The DECsystem-10
three
general

SOFTWARE

software that you must be
categories:
operating

familiar
with
falls
systems,
languages,

into
and

utilities.

2.2.1

Operating

Systems

The main operating system for the DECsystem-10 is called
the
TOPS-10
Monitor.
It
supports time-sharing, batch processing, real-time, and
remote communications.

The
front-end
operating
system
runs
in
the
Console/Diagnostic
processor
and
aids
the
central
processor
and TOPS-10 in handling
system tasks such
as
system
1loading,
console
communications,
and
diagnostic
functions.
The
front-end
operating
system
1is
<called
RSX-20F.

SYSTEM

2.2.2

COMPONENTS

Languages

The DECsystem-10 supports three types of translators used in
symbolic
language programming:
assemblers, compilers, and interpreters.

2.2.2.1

MACRO

DECsystem-10.

the

devices

can

Assembler

selected

MACRO

run

the

symbolic

assembly

device-independent;

time

MACRO also contains powerful macro
replace
commonly
wused
sequences

and

may

vary

program

input

from

capabilities that
of
instructions

and

run

allow
with

used

output

the
a

run.

user to
single

statement.

2.2.2.2

Compilers

language

designed

algorithms.

The

COmmon
processing
programs

The

the

Language,

solution

The DECsystem-10

for
the
translation
system
that
provides
functions, and control
The

ALGOrithmic

for

ALGOL

composed

Oriented Language,
language
designed
for

COBOL,

written

are

familiar

easily

learned

and

English-like

terms

statements

that
are

is
business

that are self-documenting.
DECsystem-10
compiler;
an object time system, LIBOL;
program;

ancillary

programs.

COBOL

checkout

and

debugging

scientific
or

compiler

ALGOL object-time
of
mathematical

an industry-wide data
applications.
COBOL

COBOL

processes,

the ALGOL

of
the
source
code and the
1I/0
services,
a
library
of system resources.

Business

are

ALGOL,

computational

the

business

result

user.

programs

includes

source

program,

the
COBOL
library maintenance

COBDDT;

and

other

The

FORmula
TRANslator
1language,
FORTRAN,
1is
a
widely
used,
procedure-oriented
language
designed
for
solving
scientific-type
problems.
It has, however, found extensive use
throughout
the
data
processing
industry
and
especially
1in
the
universities
and
1in
timesharing
utilities.
DECsystem-10
FORTRAN-10
includes
the

FORTRAN-10
compiler;
checkout and debugging

2.2.2.3

Interpreters

object-time
FORDDT.

The

Algebraic

the
DECsystem-10
adaptation
Corporation.
Commands to AID

imperative

English

as.part

APL

Programming

especially

sentences

routine

suited

for

and

language,

can

executed

Language)

Beginner's All-purpose

problem-solving

FOROTS;

and

FORTRAN

Interpretive

Dialogue,

AID,

|is

of JOSS, a program developed by the RAND
are entered via the user's
terminal
as

dealing

array-structured data.
However,
data processing language as well

The

system,

program,

executed

immediately

completely

with

conversational

numeric

and

it is intended for use as
a mathematician's tool.

Symbolic
easy

stored

later.

Instruction
learn,

and

Code,

system

character
a

general

BASIC,

1is

particularly

suited

a
a

time-sharing environment.
BASIC contains its own editing
facilities;
a
separate
system editor is not required.
Although BASIC provides a
subset of elementary statements for simple programs, the full language

includes
handling

statements
covering
matrix
computations,
capabilities, mathematical functions, and the

user-defined

functions.

advanced string
generation
of

SYSTEM

Utilities And Other

2.2.3

COMPONENTS

Software

The DECsystem-10 provides many utilities,
text

processors,

support

programs.

file

Some

manipulators,

the

group of programs
well as controlling

well

maintenance

important

ones

editors,

and

monitor

are:

GALAXY

BACKUP

TECO

SOUP

A set of programs to facilitate
user program source files.

DDT

The
Dynamic
checkout and

PIP

A file interchange program
to
selectively
from
one
media to another and concurrently
editing and directory manipulation.

RUNOFF

system program
later to restore

text

programs,

that can control up to
the system unit record

127 batch
devices.

jobs

to save disk files on
magnetic
tape,
any or all of the files back to disk.

character-oriented text editor with
any source document without requiring

Debugging
updating of

the

Technique
programs.

A linking loader to
into one executable

OPSER

A service program for
control multiple jobs

and

the

ability
to
edit
special formatting.

updating

used

text processing program that produces a
paged,
right-justified
output
from
an
appropriate RUNOFF commands.

LINK-10

for

system

the

on-line

transfer
files
perform limited

final
edited

formatted,

merge independently
translated
version of a user's program.

the system operator, enabling
from a single terminal.

file with

modules

him

¢to

CHAPTER 3
STARTING THE

SYSTEM

Before starting the system, you should familiarize yourself with the
and other controls
indicator 1lights,
various operating switches,
the DECtape
below
directly
panel
processor
located on the console
Below these controls, another panel contains a row of 30
drive.
The switches that are
switches and additional indicator 1lights.
numbered from 0 through 17 comprise the switch register and will be
used during the system load procedure. Refer to Figure 3-1 in the
following descriptions.

The four load switches are labeled above from left to right as DISK,
DECTAPE, SW/REG, and ENABLE. The purpose of each is given below.
LOAD

SWITCH

PURPOSE

DISK

Load the system from a disk pack (Section 3.2.1)

DECTAPE

Load the system from DECtape (Section 3.2.2)

SW/REG

Load the system according to the contents

ENABLE

Enable loading via any load switch

switch register

(Section 3.2.3)

the

labeled POWER ON
There are two power switches. The black switch,
used to supply or
normally
switch
the
is
below,
above and POWER OFF
cut power to the system. The red EMERGENCY POWER OFF switch should be
used only in emergencies, such as a fire, where you must turn off the
power as quickly as possible. After you press this switch, you must
call your field service representative to restore power.

The switch register contains 18 switches representing bit settings of
0 or 1 and numbered 0-17 from right to left according to PDP-11

convention. Note that this is the reverse of the way that bits are
numbered in the main PDP-10 processor. The information represented by
the switch settings is described in Table 3-1 in Section 3.2.3.

If the power
The power light glowing red indicates that power is on.
site has set
your
at
ive
representat
service
light is blinking, a field
the system
because
set
OVERRIDE
with
system
the
run
not
Do
OVERRIDE.
will not power down from overheating.

If it glows, notify vyour
The fault light should normally be off.
indicates a malfunction
light
glowing
A
tive.
field service representa
such as overheating.

STARTING

THE

SYSTEM

FRULY

Figure

3-1

Load

Switches

and

Switch

STARTING

THE

SYSTEM

Loading the system involves turning the power ON, loading the
front
end
with
the
RSX-20F
monitor,
and then loading the
processor with the TOPS-10 monitor.

3.1
In

POWERING
most

light
press

3.2

you

the
black

After

cases

to
the

console
central

should

right
power

THE

only

of the
switch

CONSOLE

FRONT

initially powering

indicated,
you
have
front-end processor.

have

a
You

check

see

that

load switches is glowing red.
to the POWER ON position.

END

the

few
can

(RSX-20F

system,

or,

the

power

Otherwise,

MONITOR)

when

complete

alternatives in how you
do a standard load from

reload

load the console
a disk
pack
or

DECtape,
or
vyou
can load using the switch register.
1In most cases,
you will load from a disk pack because it is much faster than DECtape.
However,
1if hardware problems prevent loading from a disk pack, or if
your system manager wants you to use software residing on
a
DECtape,
you may need to load the system using the DECtape drive.
Also, if you
need
to
1load
the
system
using
some
non-standard
hardware
configurations
or
special
software, you will have to use the switch
register.
The switch register allows you to load from any
disk
pack
or
DECtape
and
also
enter
the
KL
1initialization operator dialog
(KLINIT).
The KLINIT dialog
allows
you
to
verify
the
microcode,
reconfigure
cache
and
main memory, and load a non-default bootstrap
program.
The procedures for loading the
front-end
processor
via
a
disk pack, a DECtape, or the switch register are described in the next
three sections.

3.2.1

Loading RSX-20F

from Disk

This is the most common way to load the console front end.
It assumes
that
the system power is ON, that all hardware and software have been
correctly installed, and that the disk pack has been mounted properly.
Also,
the
disk
pack
containing
both
the
TOPS-10 monitor and the
RSX-20F front-end monitor must be on a dual-ported
drive
(controller
select
switch
points
to
A/B),
and
the
drive must be unit 0 with
respect to both the central and front-end processors.
The

operation

Set

the

follows:

ENABLE/DISABLE

This

will

Press

the

enable
DISK

the

load

other

switch
three

load

ENABLE.
switches.

switch.

This will cause the front-end processor to access the disk on
drive
0 and load the RSX-20F monitor.
The KL initialization
program (KLINIT) is loaded
and,
1in
turn,
1loads
the
KL10
microcode.
The default hardware configqurations of cache and
external memory are set up.
The bootstrap
program
for
the
TOPS-10 monitor is then loaded into the central processor and
started.
The following is an example of the output you
will
receive on the console terminal.

STARTING

RSX-20F

[SYO:
[DBO:

VOO6A

0:16

REDIRECTED
MOUNTED]

KLI

VERSION

KLI

MICROCODE

KLI

ALL

CACHES

131

LOADED

ENABLED

SIZE

RQO

000000

512K

CONFIGURATION:

BOOTSTRAP

Vnn

RUNNING

VERSION

ADDRESS

BOOTS

DBO:]

V002Q

MEMORY

SYSTEM

21-JUN-76

LOGICAL

KLI

THE

CONTROLLER
RQ1l
RQ2

FOR

RQ3

CONTYPE

INT

DMA20

ALL

LOADED

AND

STARTED

(nnn)

BTS>

The

first

line

creation
time
loaded into the
DBO:
for

(the
the

output

tells

and date of
front end.

the
The

disk

front

pack

end

and

the

RSX-20F monitor that was
next two lines tell you

you

just
that

drive

The

tasks.

the
KL initialization program.
KLINIT that is running, and tell
was

successfully

memory

1loaded,

configured,

RSX-20F

lines

are

cache

that

mounted

while
The

the

proper

correctly

the

system

operation

Set

the

software

unit

was

by
version of
microcode

enabled,

running.

follows:

ENABLE/DISABLE

This will

enable

Press

DECTAPE

This
rive

bootstrap

external

the

sure

load

other

load

DECtape
to

switch
three

and

leave

load

program (KLINIT)
microcode.
The
external memory
TOPS-10 monitor

KLI

are set
1is then

mounted

ENABLE.
switches.

0:16

to access the DECtape
The KL initialization

the
KL10
cache and
up.
The bootstrap
program
for
the
loaded into the central processor and

21-JUN-76

REDIRECTED TO
MOUNTED]
VERSION

DECtape

1in
turn,
loads
configurations of

started.
The following is an example
receive on the console terminal.

[SYO:
[DTO:

the

DECtape

switch.

1is loaded
and,
default hardware

VO06A

that

the

will cause the front-end processor
0
and load the RSX-20F monitor.

RSX-20F

program

front end should
be
used
if
vyou
if you need a particular version of
It assumes that the system power is

exists

the

(SYO0:)

output

from DECtape

This method of loading the console
cannot
load
from a disk pack, or
software that 1s only on DECtape.
ON,

that

system device

eight

They document the
you that the KL10

the

and

the

version

for the
TOPS-10
monitor
was loaded and started.
The next two lines
are the bootstrap program's version number and prompt.
If an
error
occurs
during the KL initialization program, you will
receive an error message preceded by "KLI -- ?" and you
will
be placed in the KLINIT dialog mode described in Appendix C.

3.2.2

was

the

DTO:]

V002Q

RUNNING

3-4

the

output

you

will

STARTING

THE

SYSTEM

KLI

-- MICROCODE VERSION

KLI

ALL

CACHES

LOGICAL

MEMORY

ADDRESS
000000

SIZE
512K

131

LOADED

ENABLED

CONFIGURATION
CONTROLLER

RQO
04

KLI -- BOOTSTRAP
BOOTS Vnn (nnn)

RQl
FOR

RQ2
ALL

LOADED AND

RQ3

CONTYPE
DMA 20

INT
4

STARTED

BTS>

The first line of

creation

time

output

tells

you

the

version

and

the

and date of the RSX-20F monitor that was Just

loaded into the front end.
The next two lines tell you
that
DT0:
(the DECtape on unit 0) is the system device (SY0:) for
the front-end tasks.
The next eight lines are output by
the
KL
initialization
program.
They give the version of KLINIT
that is running, and tell you that
the
KL10
microcode
was
successfully
1loaded,
the cache was enabled, external memory
was configured,
and
that
the
bootstrap
program
for
the
TOPS-10
monitor
was loaded and started.
The next two lines
are the bootstrap program's version number and prompt.
If an
error
occurs
during the KL initialization program, you will
receive an error message preceded by "KLI -- ?" and you
will
be placed in the KLINIT dialog mode described in Appendix C.

Loading RSX-20F via the Switch Register

3.2.3

You must load the console front end via the
need

to do
1.

any of

the

switch

1if

you

following:

Enable specific cache or configure external
instead of using the default configurations.

memory

yourself

Load a TOPS-10 bootstrap program from
a
file
with
a
name
other than BOOT.EXB;
for example, BOOTM.EXB containing BOOTM
which
3.

loads

a monitor

from magnetic tape.

Load from a disk pack or DECtape that is not on unit 0.

The software for the front-end processor must reside on a
DECtape
or
disk
pack connected to the front end.
If both the front-end software
and the system monitor reside on the same disk pack, the pack must
be
mounted
on
a dual-ported drive and the controller select switch must
be
The

set

to A/B.

operation
1.

Set

follows:

the ENABLE/DISABLE

1load

This will enable the other

Set

the

appropriate

switch to ENABLE.

three load switches.

switches

(or

bits)

the

switch

register.
switch
Switch 0 is mandatory when loading via the
Switches
1
and 2 must be set on if you intend to use the KL
If RSX-20F resides on a disk
initialization dialog (KLINIT).
pack,
set switch 7 on;
if RSX-20F is on a DECtape, switch 7
must be off.
Switches 8-10 must be set to specify the
drive
number of the disk or DECtape.
For a detailed description of
all the bit settings in the switch register, see Table 3-1l.
3-5

STARTING

16 | 15|

SYSTEM

Table 3-1
Register Bit Definitions

Switch

THE

11 ] 10

Bit

716

Meaning

If
You

this is set, the remaining
must set this to load via

bits
are
the switch

interpreted.
register.

both 1 and 2 are set, RSX-20F is loaded and the KL
initialization operator dialog (KLINIT)
is loaded and
started.
This is the usual case when loading via the

switch

only
loaded;
-10 and
If

one

of the two is set, the RSX-20F monitor is
no
communication
1is initiated between the
-11 processors at this time.

both 1 and
1like it

2 are not set,
is via the DISK

much

However,

10-8

bits

are

specify
the
bits 8-10.

unit

number

Currently

used,

and

this

since

not

set,

the

dual-ported

not

drive

These

three

other

the

set,

unit

1is

loaded

load

switch.

interpreted,

the

not

bootstrap

the

allow

bootstrap

indicate

system
DECTAPE

bootstrap

you

can

device

set.

device

disk

pack

drive.

front-end
bits

must

the
or

bootstrap

you

device

bits

device

DECtape

processor.

specify

set

and

the

7).

unit
No

indicate

number

bits

unit

set
3.

14-11

Currently not used, and must not be set.

This indicates the action taken
when
an
I/0
error
occurs during the bootstrapping.
If this is set, the
operation 1is retried indefinitely if an error occurs.
If

not

set

(the

unsuccessful
17,16

Not

Bits are set
position.

when

used,

the

and

normal

case),

halt

occurs

after

ten

retries.
must

not

corresponding

set.

switch

the

wupward

STARTING

Press

the

SW/REG

load

THE

SYSTEM

switch.

This will cause the front-end processor to
access
the
disk
drive
(switch
7
set on) or the DECtape drive (switch 7 set
off) with the unit number as specified in switches 8-10.
The
KL
1initialization program (KLINIT) is loaded and started and
the

default

hardware

memory

are

set

TOPS-10

monitor

confiqurations

up.

The

then

standard

loaded

cache

bootstrap

into

the

output

and

external

program

central

for

the

processor

and

started.

The

following

the

console
RSX-20F

[SYO:
[DB3:

example

terminal
VOO6A

0:16

VERSION

KLI

MICROCODE

KLI

ALL

ADDRESS

SIZE

RQO

000000

512K

BOOTS

will

and

receive

are

set

on.

131

LOADED

CONFIGURATION:

BOOTSTRAP

Vnn

you

ENABLED

MEMORY

RUNNING

VERSION

LOGICAL

KLI

DB3:]

V002Q

CACHES

21-JUN-76

REDIRECTED TO
MOUNTED]

KLI

switches

CONTROLLER
RQl1
RQ2

FOR

RQ3

CONTYPE

INT

DMA20

ALL

LOADED

AND

STARTED

(nnn)

BTS>

The

first
creation

loaded
DB3:
the

line

into

end

microcode

date

front
disk
on

have

are output
version of

output

and

the

(the

front

would

time

end.

by the
KLINIT

was

1If

DT3:

memory

bootstrap

program

started.
The
version number

you
the
version
and
RSX-20F monitor that was

lines tell you
that
system device (SY0:) for

had

for

DECtape.

not

been

The

set,

the

DB3:

eight

lines

initialization program.
They
give
that is running, and tell you that the
was

for

loaded,

the

configured,

the

TOPS-10

next
¢two
and prompt.

1lines

and

cache

was

that

the

monitor
are

the

[SYO:
[DB3:

V006A

0:16

the
KL10

enabled,

standard
loaded
and

was

bootstrap

program's

If, in the previous example, you had also set switches
2 on, the console output would have been as follows:
RSX~-20F

the
just

two

bit

successfully

external

the

The next
3)
is the

unit

tasks.

been

tells

and

21-JUN-76

REDIRECTED TO DB3:]
MOUNTED]

KLI

VERSION

KLI

ENTER

V002Q

DIALOG

RUNNING

[NO,YES,EXIT,BOOT]?

KLI>

Switches 1 and
initialization
Just asked you
answer.

When

the dialog
number and
For

you

will

specify

that

you

wish

enter

the

have

end

answered

with

the

all

the

applicable

bootstrap

KL
has
an

questions,

program's

version

prompt.

complete

examples,

set

program (KLINIT) operator dialog.
KLINIT
the first
question
and
1is
waiting
for

refer

description
to

Appendix

3-7

of
C.

the

KLINIT

dialog

messages,

and

STARTING

3.3

THE

CENTRAL

THE

PROCESSOR

SYSTEM

(TOPS-10

MONITOR)

When the front-end processor has been loaded
wusing
any
one
of
three methods described in Section 3.2, the system informs you:
KLI

The

actual

LOADED

AND

bootstrap program

method

used

you

BOOTSTRAP

loading
the

the

DISK

front
load,

the

STARTED

that

has

been

1loaded

depends

upon

the

end.
DECTAPE

1load,

the

SW/REG

1load

with

switches
1
and
2
off;
you will have loaded the bootstrap program
found in the file BOOT.EXB.
This would usually be BOOTS, a program to
load the monitor from a disk pack.
If

you

had

used

the

KLINIT

dialog

you
could
have
1loaded
a
monitor from magnetic tape.

specify

program

1like

non-default

BOOTM,

which

For descriptions of the
wvarious
bootstrap
programs,
Specifications section of the Software Notebooks.

3.3.1
In

response
KLI

you

can

from

the

TOPS-10

the

disk

file

file,

load

the

refer

the

from Disk

message:

BOOTSTRAP

press

BOOT

will

LOADED

carriage

AND

STARTED

return

SYSTEM.EXE

key
you

and
can

1load

the

specify

default

another

file

monitor
such

as:

into
options

an
and

magnetic

tape,

the

should

mounted

any

drive

but

DSKB:TSTSYS
.EXE

and

load

different

monitor.

When

the
TOPS-10
monitor
1is
loaded,
it
will
enter
initialization
dialog
with
you
to
determine
start-up
conditions.
These are covered in Section 3.3.3.

3.3.2

TOPS-10

from Magnetic

order to load
the
TOPS-10
following prerequisites must be

The

magnetic

drive

tape

remember

type

drive

The

and

bootstrap

BOOTM,

must

monitor

BOOTM

number

from

met:

containing

this

tell

Tape

not

the

monitor

possible,

which

the

program

load

reside

drive

mount
by

command
a

entering

the

controller

line.

monitor

from

front-end

1load

magnetic

device;

tape,

disk

DECtape.

Load

the

console

front

(Section

3.2.3)

with

use

the

will

allow you

end

via

the

least

bits

KLINIT

SW/REG
0,

dialog.

and

load
2

procedure.

set ON.

This

STARTING

When

THE

SYSTEM

KLINIT

prompts

you

KLI

LOAD

BOOTSTRAP|[YES,NO,FILENAME]?

the

name

For

example,

with:

KLI>

answer

with

bootstrap.
respond

the

file

BOOTM

containing

give

you

the

LOADED

AND

STARTED

was

the

magnetic

file

tape

MTBOOT.EXB,

with:

KLI>MTBOOT.EXB

KLINIT

will

KLI

load

BOOTM,

BOOTSTRAP

and you would then
When BOOTM outputs

message:

under

control of the
prompt characters:

its

bootstrap

program.

BTM>

you

can

give

the

file

specification

for

the

monitor

as:

BTM>DSKB:MAGSYS.EXE[1,4]/TM02:3
to

load

specific

monitor

controller

the default
0 of a TM10

file, which
controller.

Use
Use
Use
Use

for
for
for
for

/TM10:n
/TM02:n
/TX0l:n
/TX02:n

you

can

from

simply

tape
give

drive

DSKB:SYSTEM.EXE[1l,4]

the
TOPS-10
monitor
1s
loaded,
it
initialization
dialog
with
the
operator
start-up
options
and
conditions.
These
Section 3.3.3.

TOPS-10

When the
monitor

error

?THIS
AND

1is

NOT

RUN

BUILT

FOR A

PROPERLY

the

system

load

get

drive

into
to determine
are
covered

an
the
1n

the
time

see
the

that
the
following

XXXXXX
A

yyyyyy.

xxxxxx and yyyyyy can be KAlO0, KI10 or KL1O.
persists,
the
system
manager
should
review the

tape

issued:

MONITOR WAS
WILL

TMO02
to

enters

system checks to
If they are not,

where

procedure

Initialization Dialog

TOPS-10 monitor is loaded, the
and processor are compatible.

message

on
return

TU1l0, TU40, and TU41 tape drives.
TUl6 and TU45 tape drives.
TU70 and TU71 tape drives.
TU72 tape drives.

When

3.3.3

carriage

If
this
message
monitor generation

Software Notebooks.
diagnostic

software

program

monitor

(SYSCHK)

generation

time,

was

1included

the

system will

the

prompt

with:
SYSCHK
A

response

(N,Y):
of

runs

5-second

diagnostic

program

accessibility of all configured memory and system
N or a carriage return skips the diagnostic.

3-9

that

devices.

ensures

the

STARTING

The

system

then

specified
date;
for
ABC123
When

types

out

at
system
example:
KL10

SYS#1234

system prompts:

WHY

RELOAD:

one

the

acceptable

NXM

PARITY

HALT

POWER

LOOP

NEW

STATIC

HUNG

SCHED

HARDWARE

OTHER

retrieved

name

the

characters

system creation

answers:

within

60 seconds, OTHER
Supplementary Operator's

later

(up

well

07-12-76

following

Software Notebooks for
The
reply
1is
stored
reply

time)

OPR

If you do not reply
ONCE
manual in the

SYSTEM

system

generation

the

with

the

THE

is assumed.
Refer
Procedures section

to
of

the

the meanings and usage of
the
above
replies.
in the system error file (ERROR.SYS) and can be

time

using

the

SYSERR

program.

For

example,

of:
WHY

RELOAD:SCHED

will

record

When

the

that

this

particular

monitor

load

was

scheduled

reload.

system prompts:

DATE

enter

the

month

numeric

may

year 1is
or
the

day

and

alphabetic

abbreviated

optional.
last two.

1If
1If

any

entered,
the year

it
is

month,

point

where

monitor creation date.
If,
was June 21, 1976;
any of

September

DATE:SEP

DATE:S
DATE:8

When

the

either
is

must be either the
not entered, it is

same as in the
creation
date
recorded

1in
it

for
the

still

full

order.

The

unique.

The

four
to

assumed

example,
following

the
monitor
replies would

1976.

1976

8 76
SEP

system prompts:

TIME:

enter

4-digit

time

based

24-hour

TIME: 2015
represents
When

the

8:15

PM.

system prompts:

STARTUP

OPTION:

with

one

the

following:

QUICK

REFRESH

LONG

UNITID

NOINITIA

DESTROY

CHANGE

clock.

For

digits
be the

example,

STARTING

THE

SYSTEM

A complete description of each start-up option
1is
contained
1in
the
ONCE
manual in the Supplementary Operator's Procedures section of the
Software Notebooks.
The usual operator's reply is
GO
to
start
the
system
with
a
minimum amount of dialog or QUICK to start the system
immediately without dialog.

3.3.4

Second

CPU

(Dual

Processor)

If your system is a dual processor, this is the time to initialize the
second
CPU.
The
master
CPU 1is designated CPUO while the second or
slave CPU is referred to as
CPUl.
The
second
CPU
needs
1its
own
RSX-20F
front-end software mounted on a DECtape or disk accessible to
its front-end processor.
Load

the second front-end processor as described
enter the KLINIT dialog.
Load the microcode and
main memory.
When you receive the message:

KLI

LOAD KL BOOTSTRAP

[YES,

NO,

in Section 3.2.3
reconfigure cache

and

FILENAME]?

KLI>

answer

"NO"

KLI

which will

bring

EXIT

RESTART]?

([YES,

up:

KLI>

Reply with YES (or default with a carriage return)
to the RSX-20F monitor.
Proceed as follows:

STEP

FUNCTION

“\

Type control backslash to enter

PAR>SET CONSOLE

Set

PAR>SET NO

Inhibit

RELOAD

PAR>SET CONS

PAR>J

OPR

400

console

Return

Start

[CPU1]

3.4

and you

to programmer

automatic
console

CPUl

reload

the Parser.

CPUl

COMMUNICATIONS

FRONT

error.

mode.

location

400.

This is the response typed on CTYl
has completed initialization.

exit

mode.

operator

at KL memory

will

when

CPUl

ENDS

Communication front ends must
©be
loaded
with
appropriate
software
based on the type of remote terminals and/or stations to be serviced.

This section deals only with the loading of a front-end processor with
a specific or default file that resides on disk.
How the software was
generated and placed into the disk
file
1is
<covered
1in
the
System
Programming Procedures

have

and Techniques

assumed that you have
logged

the Software Notebooks.

already loaded

the

TOPS-10

monitor

and

1in.

The loading procedure varies with the type
of
1interface
to
the
KL
processor.
The
DC75NP,
DN85, and DN87 front ends interface via the
DL10 Data Channel.
The DN87S
front
end
interfaces
wvia
the
DTEZ20
Ten-Eleven

Data

Interface.

3-11

STARTING

3.4.1

Loading via

THE

SYSTEM

the DL10

The program used to load a front-end processor via the DL10 is BOOT1l1.
Your
system
programmer will usually have made this program available
on your DSK:
[1,2] area or it may reside in the SYS:
system library.
Load

BOOT1ll

typing:

BOOTI11

TOPS-10
with:

will

load

and

start

BOOT1l

which will,

1in

turn,

prompt

you

FILE:

and expect, as a response, a
standard
followed
by
switches
telling
BOOT1ll
response

such

DECsystem-10
what to do.

file
descriptor
A representative

as:

FILE:DN87 .BIN/CLEAR/START/PORTNO: 2
will

clear

the

PDP-11

the

memory

with

the

PDP-11

program

the

port

number

2zeros;.

file DSK:DN87.BIN;

and

1load

start

the

PDP-11

program.

you

reply with

carriage

return,

the

default

action

1is:

FILE:DSK:PDPXI0.BIN/START/PORTNO:0
Note

the

however

system,

BOOT11l

that

the

keeps you

"CLEARING

there

port

number

informed

than

the

above

its

one

DLl1l0O-interfaced

response must

progress with

the

"PDP-11

LOADED

"PDP-11

STARTED

Additional information on BOOT1ll switch options
messages are in the BOOT1l specification in the

The

program

via

used

the

Load

SYS:

system

DTELDR
.R

TOPS-10

following messages:

and a
1list
of
error
Software Notebooks.

DTE20

load

is
called DTELDR.
Your
program available to you
the

specified..

PDP-11

"PDP-11

3.4.2

front-end

processor

via

the

system programmer will usually
on your DSK:
[1,2] area or it

DTE20

interface

have made this
may reside
1in

library.

typing:

DTELDR

will

load

and

start

DTELDR which

will

then prompt

you

with:

DTELDR expects you to reply with a file
specification
default) ;
an action switch, and optional modification
default file specification is:

3-12

(or
assume
a
switches.
The

STARTING

THE

SYSTEM

DSK:DTELxy.BIN

where:

the

CPU

number

implementation).
y

The

is
is

(only

1is

omitted,

allowed
zero

the DTE number (0 through 3) of the
reserved for the Console/Diagnostic

action

switch

load

the

front

end

the

current

assumed.

PDP-1l1 interface.
processor.)

(DTEO

is:

/RELOAD:
xy
where x and y, defined as above, determine the front end
RELOAD
1loads
the
specified
file into the appropriate
starts the primary protocol.
The
front
end
1is
then
communications.
Modification

switches

that

.BIN

may

/NODUMP

The /RELOAD switch automatically takes a dump of PDP-11
before

cancel

image

1loading

format.

file.

Use

this

switch

dump.

Error logging is automatically in effect when you
1load
a front end.
Use this switch to cancel error logging.

To load a DN87S
DN87S.BIN
and
DTELDR

the

are:

The

/NOLOG

applicable

/IMAGE

memory

file

to be loaded.
front end and
enabled
for

on DTE
number
2
with
a
skip
the
automatic
dump,

program
1located
1in
DSK:
type the following to the

prompt:

*DN87S.BIN/RELOAD: 2/NODUMP
If

the

program

DTELO2.BIN,

you

had

been

need

only

1located

1in

the

default

1location,

DSK:

type:

* /RELOAD: 2/NODUMP
Another action switch available with DTELDR is
/AUTO.
This
switch,
when set for an active DTELDR job, will automatically reload any front
end that crashes with its unique default file.
To take
advantage
of
this
feature,
you
must
ensure
that
the default files contain the
appropriate
For

programs.

example:

DSK:DTELOl1.BIN

must

contain

the

program

for

the

number

front

contain

the

program

for

the

number

front

end.

DSK:DTELO2.BIN must
end.

By including the following sequence in the OPR.ATO file
(see
Section
4.1.1.2),
you
can
provide for both the automatic loading of a front
end at
system
initialization
time,
and
the
subsequent
automatic
reloading

any

front

end

that

might

crash.

: SLOG
:DEF DTE=

:1log on a subjob
sname it DTE

DTE-R DTELDR

+1load

DTE-/RELOAD: 2/NODUMP
DTE-/AUTO

s1load DTE number 2
sset automatic reload

and

3-13

start

DTELDR

STARTING

For

additional
.R

information

THE

SYSTEM

DTELDR,

type:

DTELDR

*/HELP

3.5

The

THE

DX10

DATA

CHANNEL

PDP-8

the

DX10

data

operation

the

TU70

series

The

bootstrap

from

the

must

BOOTDX

Since

program,

PDP-8

runs

does

job must have
call.

file,

the

3.5.1
The

USER mode

This

load

the

(or

enable

dump)

PDP-8.

the

programs

These

programs

timesharing

systenmn.

format.
a

DECsystem-10

direct

privilege

into

the

DX10

allowing
assigned

hardware,

wuse

from

the

system

the

BOOTDX

TRPSET

accounting

Procedure

program, BOOTDX,
by typing:

When

wunder

instructions

1loaded
systems.

designed

system

file

be
tape

system manager.

file

mode

must

magnetic

the TRPSET privilege

monitor
by

disk

image

I/0

BOOTDX,

DECsystem-10
in

channel

normally

resides

the

system

area,

SYS:.

Load

BOOTDX

loaded

and

started,

responds

with

the

prompt:

FILE:

and waits for a reply
consisting
of
a
standard
DECsystem-10
file
descriptor
followed by one or more switches defining the operation to

performed.

the

file

“

descriptor

DSK:DXMPA.A8

omitted,

DSK:DXMPA.BIN

the

default

(for

load

is:
operation)

DSK:DXMPA.LSD

switches

are

(for

typed,

dump

the

operation)

default

is:

/CLEAR/LOAD
which
it.

first

Another

clears

commonly

the

used

PDP-8

and

switch

is:

then

loads

the

channel

/CLEAR
which

sets

PDP-8

memory

all

HALT

instructions.

program

into

STARTING THE

SYSTEM

BOOTDX

FILE:SYS:/CLEAR/START
memory,
will load and start the BOOTDX bootstrap program, clear PDP-8
and start it at
SYS:
from
DXMPA.BIN
or
DXMPA.A8
file
the
load

location 200 octal.

While this is going

following progress messages
"CLEARING DX-10
"DX-10

"DX-10

LOADED

"DX-10

STARTED

at your TTY:

on,

you

will

receive

the

CHAPTER 4
SYSTEM SERVICES

initiated to run
Timesharing requires that several programs be
may vary from
programs
these
of
list
the
Although
throughout the day.
in this section
installation to installation, the programs discussed

generally
user

can

be considered necessary for the efficient servicing of

commands.

The programs and commands explained below enable you to handle
user-initiated requests such as: disk/DECtape file transfers; disk
line printer 1listings;
pack, magtape, and DECtape mount requests;
and batch Jjob requests. The variety of user
paper tape output;
requests will require you to supervise the running of several Jjobs
therefore, must become proficient 1in each
You,
simultaneously.
execute each one with a minimum of delay.
to
procedure and be able

4.1

OPSER

The OPSER program enables you to monitor and control up
simultaneously,

from

single

terminal.

These

jobs,

Jjobs are known as

in this
subjobs because they run under the control of another job;
can communicate with any
as the operator,
You,
instance, OPSER.
active subjob directly or via OPSER.

4.1.1

OPSER Operation

up.
OPSER is normally started automatically when the system is brought
At this time OPSER reads and processes the file SYS:0PR.ATO (the Auto
initiate the
File). This file contains the OPSER commands that will
running of system service programs such as input and output spoolers,
components of the GALAXY batch processing system, and device-servicing
programs.

If you want to start OPSER yourself,

type:

.R OPSER

When OPSER responds with an asterisk, tell it to load and process

Auto

File

*: AUTO

the

typing:

SYS:0PR.ATO

OPSER will respond with an asterisk or an exclamation point, at which
time you can give it any of the OPSER commands described later in this
chapter.

SYSTEM

important

for

commands

4.1.1.1

Commands

command

the

you

OPSER

remember

program

and

the OPSER

colon

(:)

SERVICES

and

distinguish

typing

directly

between
the

Program - You must precede
must type enough letters

each

you

unique.

typing

subjobs.

OPSER

make

the

NOTE

The

commands

:MONITOR,
:SLOGIN,
:WHAT,
:WHERE are exceptions.
The minimum
number of letters you must type for each
of these commands is as follows:

and

+tMONITO

: SLOG
cW
:WHE

OPSER

prompts

(!)

when

that

your

you

is
subjobs

part.

with

ready

currently

active

There are
string.

four

asterisk

(*)

exclamation

but

you

methods

can

point

still

means

Type

the

subjob

Type

the

mnemonic

number
you

the word ALL,

command

Leave

the

OPSER

apply

(or

the

all

indicates
active

specification
you

intend

referenced

via

least

one

other

out

the

(1),

job

point

subjob

subjobs.

OPSER

command

the

:DEFINE

with

to OPSER

that

you want

entirely,

(2),

the

command

sequence,
A,

subijobs.

If the previous command referenced a list of
referenced is the default for any subsequent

:WHAT

exclamation

numbers).

assigned

which
to

subjob

assumes

subjob you

the

with

subjobs

command.

Use

that

communicate

specifying

receive your commands.
An asterisk indicates
active or a subjob is waiting for some
action
on

are

either

(3)

in
apply

which

case

last

the

above.

subjobs,
command.

the
1last
one
For example, 1in

:STOP

the

commands

subjob

implicitly

referenced

and

were

only

were

:WHAT

the

active

the

:STOP

subjobs,

typed,

command.
and

the

ALL

:STOP

would

again

the

implicit

argument

the

:STOP

command.

following

SYSTEM

4.1.1.2

Commands

Directly

SERVICES

Subjobs

subjob, you must indicate for which
intended.
Do this by preceding the

the
to

name

stop

assigned

subjob

via

the

(LP1l)

13-STOP

:DEFINE

you

could

When

you

give

commands

subjob (or subjobs) the
command with the subjob

command)

and

hyphen.

command is
number (or

For

example,

type:

;using

the

subjob

number

;using

the

subjob

name

OPSER

!LP1-STOP

There
all

the

method

subjobs

available
at

once.

For

within

each

the

subjobs,

subjob,

you

can

it with

the

WHAT

instead

for

example,

sending
if

you

typing
command.

single

the

want

same
to

command

know

WHAT
to
You simply

the

status

every

single

type:

ALL-WHAT

and

OPSER

sends

Whenever

you

enter

identify

the

entry

!hh:mm
where

xxx

line.

!S-R

the

SPRINT

/
CTY

the

STEP

OPSER

2,167
FIL=

! :WHAT

FIL

!FIL-R PIP

(operator

(OPSER

each

subjob.

subjob,

OPSER

will

timestamp

and

name

used

the

preceding

representative

CTY

command

output.

command)

timestamp)

(SPRINT prompt)
included

OPSER

!:DEF

following

interest

Actual

*:SLOG

number

the

output

entries

Consider

to
follows:

subjob

example,

113:20(S)

Sample

command

(xxx)

For

command

ouput

will

following

this

manual

will

conserving
timestamped.

sequence

usually

space

and

omit

timestamp

reducing

clutter.

commands:

EXPLANATION

Run

the

OPSER

program.

subjob

under

Associate

subjob

the

Tell

out

FIL

[2,167].

with

status

run

the

name

FIL.

PIP.

*FILC.EXT=FILA.EXT,FILB.EXT
Use
two

Pip to create
other files.

1:STOP

FIL

Return

FIL

!1:KJOB

FIL

Logout

FIL.

Cause

OPSER

1+EXIT

one

file

monitor

mode.

exit

the

from data

monitor.

SYSTEM

SERVICES

The example above shows how to log

system

program,

in a subjob,

and log out the subjob.

give

it a name,

run

Once the concept of subjobs

is understood it
is
simple
to
give
system
commands
and
program
commands
to
a
subjob.
The
entire
range
of
monitor and program
commands can be sent to a subjob as long as the command is preceded by
a
subjob
name
or
number
followed
by a hyphen.
This becomes very
important in explaining the
service
programs
which
are
run
under
OPSER.

To CTRL/C a subjob a CTRL/A must be used, since CTRL/C under OPSER
1is
equivalent
to
:EXIT.
For
example,
to
CTRL/C subjob FIL which is
running

PIP

the

command

is:

FIL-"A<CR>

Whatever was being done under PIP would be allowed to finish,
subjob FIL would be put

at monitor

and then

1level.

A useful feature of OPSER is the ability to
automatically
execute
a
predefined set of commands contained in a disk file.
This 1s known as

the AUTO feature
sequence

+:SLOG

commands:

OPSER.

For

example,

consider

the

following

2,167
FIL=

:DEF
:WHAT

FIL

FIL-R

PIP

FILC.EXT=FILA.EXT,FILB.EXT
:STOP

FIL

:KJOB

FIL

If the above commands were placed in a file named FIL.ATO,
you
could
accomplish
exactly
what
was
done
manually in the example above by
entering

the

:AUTO

single OPSER command:

FIL

Commands included in a file named OPR.ATO are

whenever

the

system

OPSER is used to control a large part

system

important that you become proficient in its use.

4.1.2

executed

automatically

loaded.

operation;

1is

while

others

are

commands

that

are

OPSER Commands

users
all
to
available
Some OPSER commands are
available only to those with OPERATOR privileges.

4.1.2.1

OPSER Commands for

the Operator - OPSER

available to you at the operator's console are the following:
:JCONTn

Continues job n that was waiting for operator

:KSYS hh:mm
:KSYS +hh:mm
:KSYS

by
specified
time
Stops timesharing at the
five minutes
least
be at
This must
hh:mm.
used,
If +hh:mm is
later than current time.
the number of hours and/or minutes
means
it

action.

1least
at
be
from the current time and must
All users logging in receive a
five minutes.
4-4

SYSTEM

message

will

SERVICES

stating

end.

messages

hour

when

the

before

30,15,8,4,2

:RESTRICT

dev:,...

:KSYS

are

which

users

minutes,
of

MIN.

running

time

command

:KSYS

Note

that

:KSYS

the

effect

The

colon

and

similar

given,

one

then

minute

before

stop.

The

TIMESHARING

ENDS

only

for

[1,2]

job

terminal.

without

:KSYS

hh:mm

the

time

1in

form:
works

the OPR

ends,

scheduled
the

timesharing

receive

timesharing

timesharing
messages
IN

the

Logged-in

optional;

both

hh:mm

Restricts

the

specified

argument

:KSYS

undoes

+hh:mm.

specification

and

hhmm

are

wvalid.

devices

the

operator's
use.
The operator can assign the
devices
to
a
wuser,
but
the
user
cannot
reassign them to anyone but the operator.
:SET

BATMAX

Restricts

BATCON

controller)

BATMIN

Reserves

:SET

LOGMAX

Restricts

The

jobs
the

for

:SET

RUN

CPUn

Allows

the

RUN

system

turn

:SET

RUN

ONLY

The

1is

the

:SET

RUN

ALL

CPUn
CPUn

command
the

removes
:SET

the

RUN

run.

adds

the

CPU

the

CORMIN,
OPR,

DATE,

SCHED,

dev:

Returns

device

that

complement

filespec

:AUTO /hhmm

filespec

off

line.

1).

The

processor

:SET

RUN

system

the

named

all

the

.SET y,
BREAK,

MEMORY,
See

wuser

been

pool.
CPU

CPUs

where y
CORMAX,

NOMESSAGE,

the

equivalent

for

resource

restricted.

pool

the

:RESTRICT.

Processes

the

specified

file

Processes

the

occurrence
hhmm

jobs.

Appendix

free

has

OPSER Commands for all Users - The
available to all user s of the system.

:AUTO

puts

VMMAX.

4.1.2.2

are

the

only

DAYTIME,
TTY,

the

0-14

system pool.

monitor
commands
explanation.
:UNRESTRICT

jobs

1is

and

Simulates the monitor command
is
one
of
the
following:

CPUs.

from

ALL

multiprocessor

named

running

allows

RUN

into

a
on

number

named

:SET

CPU
of

ONLY

available
:SET

pool

only

processors

RUN

subjobs.

run

operator

:SET

system

range

system

only

BATCON

system

:SET

batch

run

simultaneously.
inclusive.
¢:SET

(the

OPSER

commands

that

contained

the

immediately.
specified

file

of hhmm today.

today, the
immediately.

file

will

If
be

is past

processed

SYSTEM

¢:AUTO /<hhmm filespec

SERVICES

Processes the specified file at the next
occurrence of hhmm today.
If it is past
hhmm
today,
the
file
will
not
be
processed.

¢:AUTO />hhmm filespec

Processes the specified file at the next
occurrence
of hhmm.
If it is past hhmm
today,

hhmm

the

file

will

processed

tomorrow.

NOTE

In the above commands, "filespec" stands for
file
specification
and
consists
of
a device, filename, extension, and a directory
name

the

form:

dev:file.ext

[proj-prog].

where:

dev:

is any valid

default

file

device

name.

The

stands
for
any
1to
6-character
filename.
There
1is
no
default;
you
must supply a filename.

.ext

any

extension.

[proj-prog]

filename

3-character

The default

.ATO.

is the directory area that contains
the
directory
the
is
default
The
file.
project-programmer
the
by
indicated
number you used to log 1in.

Closes the disk log file without opening

:CLOSE

: CONTINUE

input

is DSK:.

(This is a transaction file
new one.
a
where OPSER logs its activities).

Continues processing the AUTO file after
This
CTRL/C.
a
by
interrupted
being

allows the operator to gain control of a
subjob during AUTO file processing.

: CURRENT

Types the name of the current subjob

:DAYTIME

Types the current date and time.

:DEFINE XXX=n

Gives subjob n the name XXX,

1if one has not
defined;
been
has
one
been defined, it types the number of the
current subjob (the last one typed in).

which

may

1In
from one to six characters long.
be
recommended.
are
names
general, short
may be omitted from
number
subjob
The
OPSER
the command string, in which case
assumes the last subjob you referenced.

SYSTEM

SERVICES

Restrictions
The

first character of the name must
be
alphabetic
and the second through sixth
(if
any)
must
be
alphanumeric.
The
subjob
name
"B"
1is
reserved
as
the

mnemonic

assigned
:DEVICE

dev:10g:n

for BATCON and
should
to any other subjob.

:EXIT

n,m, ...

CTRL/C

Causes OPSER to
exit
to
the
monitor,
where
you
can ASSIGN the device (dev:)
on
subjob
(n)
and
also
associate
a
logical
name
(log)
with
that device.
The logical name is optional but if
you
omit
1it,
you
must tell OPSER.
You do
this by typing a
colon
(:)
where
the
logical
name would have appeared, e.g.,
:DEVICE
DTA: :4.
If
you
issue
a
.REENTER
command
before
returning
to
OPSER,
you
will
abort
the
.ASSIGN
command.
~ When
you are ready to return
to OPSER,

:ERROR

not

type

:CONT.

Silences
all
output
except
error
messages
from
subjobs
n,m,
etc.
The
:REVIVE command
will
resume
reporting
all
messages.
When
OPSER
1is
first
started, :REVIVE is in effect.

Exits to
active.

:FREE

Types the
subjob.

+HELP

Types
a
commands

the monitor

number

the

subjobs

first

are

wunused

text
briefly
explaining
and their formats.

the

:KILL

n,m,...

See

:KJOB

n,m,...

Logs out the
specified
subjobs
n,
m,
etc., saving all their files.
Also, the
/Z switch is passed to the KJOB
program
in
order to suppress the normal queuing
done at logout time.

:LOGIN

p,pn

Logs
1in
a
new
subjob
under
project
programmer
number p,pn.
If p,pn is not
given, OPSER's project programmer number
is assumed.

Exits to
active.

:MONITOR

:MSGLVL

:KJOB.

the monitor

Determines whether or
(JOBSTS)
bits appear
the
job

:WHAT command.
status
bits

even

subjobs

are

not the job status
in the response to

If n
equals
0
the
are
included
1in the
:WHAT output.
If n equals 1
(default),
the
:WHAT output does not include these
bits.
The
actual
letters
typed
out
represent the following:

SERVICES

P O HX

SYSTEM

tQUEUE

1line

logged in
monitor mode
input wait
output wait

for

JACCT.

Initiates
sends
to

the

:RESOURCES

Lists

:REVIVE

Clears

n,m,...

for
for
for
for

the

first

line

(line)

free
as

subjob
QUEUE

and

command

monitor.

the

available

the

: TSILENCE

system

effects
and

resources.
the

: ERROR

:SILENCE,

commands

for

subjobs
n,m,etc.,
and
causes
normal
echoing of output from them.
When OPSER
is first started, :REVIVE is in effect.
:SCHED

Types

the

out

:SILENCE

:SLOGIN

n,m

n,m,...

set

except

from

timesharing.

Regular
No

further

LOGINs

CTY.
No further

LOGINs

from

terminals,

and

answering

of data sets.
Batch jobs only.
Device MOUNTs can

operator

Unspooled jobs allowed.
No

operator

Suppresses
log output
Same

Puts

the

SEND

all terminal
from subjobs

output

subjobs

without

coverage.

monitor

:LOGIN,

remote

done

200

the

intervention.

400

terminal
in.
:STOP

Simulates

n,m,...

bits

are:

100

line

schedule

Bits

:SEND

the

operator.

but

command.

and
transaction
n,m,etc.

also

until

silences

the

job

n,m,etc.,

into

all

logged

monitor

mode.
:SYSTAT

xxX

Runs
XXX

:TIME

SYSTAT
under

Types

out

with

the

optional

the

first

free

the

total

running

time

n
since
the
1last
:TIME
followed by the
integrated
running time and core size.
:TLOG

dev:file.ext[n,m]

Closes

log,

the

<current

n,m,...

Suppresses

subjobs
to

the

all

log, on
file

default

terminal

n,m,etc.,

but

transaction

log.

job

transaction

new
no

designated,
the
DSK:OPSER.LOG[1,2].

for

n
command,
product
of

OPSER

any, and opens a
specified
file.
If

:TSILENCE

arguments

subjob.

the
is

output

from

continues

output

SYSTEM

:TTYTST

SERVICES

Types

the

out

octal
:WHAT

n,m,...

ASCII

Types

test

pattern

characters

the

174

<consisting

corresponding

inclusive.

status

the

specified

subjob(s).
This
typeout
includes
a
SYSTAT of
each
job
with
the
current
time, the time of the last input and the

:WHERE

4.1.3

devn:

OPSER Operator

The

following
terminal.

?0PRAFE

AUTO

OPSER

the

?0PRANI

DEVICE

Input

READ

BAD

CANNOT

cannot

FILE

There

?0PRBTS

BAD

time

Types

the

number

the

physical

the

1listing
is set to

timed

AUTO

location

device

dev

appear

of
0),

the
and

file.

node/station

subjob

OPSER

can

your

operator

ERROR

read

error

while

was

trying

process

file.

because
it
device that

?0PRBFS

the

from

encountered

auto

1linear
MSGLVL

Messages

messages

FILE

last output, a
JOBSTS bits (if

INPUT

performed

1is
can

not
only

a
do

the

valid
output.

specified

device

name

device;
or

either

because

SPEC

TIME

syntax

error

the

file

specification.

SPECIFIED

There

is
Section

a
syntax
4.1.2
for

error

in
the
time
information
about

specification.
_See
the
format
of OPSER

commands.

?20PRCKJ

CANNOT

KJOB'ED

OPSER 1is unable to
condition is a job

?0PRCMM

CANNOT

PUT

The operator

1log
being

the
over

MONITOR

COMMAND

The

NOT

operator

unique

One

cause

this

MODE

attempted to return

CTRL/C)
but
was
wunable
This condition indicates a

?70PRCNU

job
out.
quota.

to
do so
system or

the

monitor

(:EXIT

even after several
a program problem.

tries.

UNIQUE

has

entered

command.
4-9

abbreviation

that

does

not

specify

SYSTEM

?20PRCUA

CANNOT

USE

SERVICES

ALL

The operator typed
Certain
commands

:DEFINE).

?0PRDCO

Refer

OPSER

operator

DEVICE

CANNOT

The

a
command
with
"ALL"
as
the
argument.
do
not
accept "ALL" as an argument (e.g.,
to Section 4.1.2 for
1information
about
the

device

commands.

OUTPUT

specified

the

:TLOG

command

1is

not

output

device.

$OPRDNR DAEMON

NOT

RUNNING

The DAEMON program has

?0PRDUE

DAEMON

UUO

not been

initialized.

ERROR

An error occurred when OPSER called
Consult the system administrator.

$OPRFMM

:KSYS

The

HAS

MINIMUM

operator

:KSYS
must

specified

command.
be

+00:05

The
or

DAEMON

accounting.

MIN.

an argument

value

greater.

the

The

that

was

"+hh:mm"

value

too

small

form of

the

hh:mm

for

the

commarnd

form

command must be at least five minutes later than current
See Section 4.1.2.1 for
details
about
the
format
of

the

time.
this

command

20PRJNA

JOB

NUMBER

ASSIGNED

This
message
dgenerally
occurs
1in
response
0
the
:WHAT
command.
It happens in cases where the monitor does not know
about the subjob specified in the command.

?0PRJRO

JOB(S) RUNNING ON n,m,...
TYPE ":KILL ALL" TO KILL THE

SUBJOBS

The operator tried to :EXIT or CTRL/C from OPSER
but
subjobs
n,m, etc.
were active.
The subjobs must be killed first.

?20PRLEF

ENTER

FAILURE

ENTER

failure

transaction

?0PRNAS

code

ACTIVE

log

LOG

FILE

occurred

file

when

OPSER

¢tried

open

the

(:TLOG).

SUBJOBS

The operator

issued

a command

subjob but no

subjobs

were

running.

20PRNFP

NO FREE

PTY'S

There are no more
which

run

pseudo-teletypes

subjobs.
4-10

(PTY'S)

available

wunder

SYSTEM

20PRNFS

FREE

SUBJOBS

This message occurs in
a
command that uses a
when there are no free

?20PRNSM

SERVICES

SUCH

response to either
free subjob (e.g.,
subjobs available.

the :FREE
:QUEUE).

command or
It happens

MNEMONIC

The mnemonic specified in the command is not
associated
with
any
of
the
subjobs.
This
1is
either because it was typed
incorrectly or
because
the
name
had
not
previously
been
associated with a subjob via the :DEFINE command.

[OPRPAF PROCESSING AUTO COMMAND FILE]

OPSER

?20PRSJW

is currently processing

STUCK

WITH

JACCT

the

auto

file.

The operator tried to return to the monitor (:EXIT or
CTRL/C)
but
was
wunable
to
do
so,
even after several tries.
This
condition

?0PRSNA

SUBJOB

indicates

NOT

SUPERSEDING

system or

to subjob n and

:AUTO

OMOUNT

not

active.

:AUTO
command.
issued.

This

REQUEST

The operator issued
another
supersedes the one previously

4.2

program problem.

ACTIVE

A command was given

$OPRSPR

new

one

(FILE AND MOUNT/DISMOUNT)

OMOUNT is a program used to process FILE or
MOUNT/DISMOUNT
commands.
FILE commands are used for file transfers to or from disk and DECtape.
MOUNT/DISMOUNT
commands
are
used
for
the
physical
mounting
or
dismounting
of disk packs, magnetic tapes or DECtapes.
The following
discussion of OMOUNT is from the operator's viewpoint in responding to
such
requests.
Refer
to the DECsystem-10 Operating System Commands
manual for a discussion of MOUNT/DISMOUNT and
FILE
from
the
user's
viewpoint.
(Also
see
the
OMOUNT
specification
1in
the
Software

Notebooks

for

additional

operator

information.)

Depending on the volume of file transfers, it may be advantageous
for
you to run two OMOUNT programs;
one specifically for FILE commands to
minimize the waiting period for completion
of
a
wuser
request.
At
monitor
load
time, when the OPSER program is automatically logged in
under [1,2], one or more OMOUNT jobs can also be initialized with
the
appropriate commands in the OPR.ATO file.
You may also start OMOUNT jobs manually if the need
arises.
following
example,
DECtape unit 6 is assigned to an OMOUNT
M6
.

In
the
job named

SYSTEM

§2EB

EXPLANATION

OPSER

*:SLOG
1:DEF

1,2
M6=

IM6-AS

SERVICES

Run

the

Log

Give

DTAG6

OPSER

subjob

the

Assign

program.

name

DTA6

IM6-R OMOUNT

Run

IM6-START

Cause

OMOUNT

MOUNT

requests

second

step
for

DTA6.

START
In

OMOUNT

above

1If

most

the

followed

FILE

this

second

would

cases,

perform

your

OMOUNT

response

hyphen

MOUNT

job

action,

and

TTY12

TAPE

requested
After

followed
OMOUNT

FILE

familiarize
drive other

will

then

carriage

146,504

subjob.

M6.

program.
to
accept
submitted

for

FILE

all
FILE
by users.

DECtape

you

have

also

have

the
one

only,

the

subjob

typical

mounted

1is

number

example

LOCKED

DTA(6):

one response covers
99%
of
and continual use of OMOUNT

1% of
(DTA6

the

process

mounted
with
the
switch
on
WRITE
the
tape
on DTA6, simply type M6-

remaining
suggested
for

wuser

name

DSKB:,DSKB:CRBDOC.RNO

WRITE
,

carriage return.
This
requests.
Experience

you with
than the

and

all but the
first
M7 for M6 and DTA7

requests

request

type

return.

[146,504]

to mount the DECtape on DTA5
M6-5
1instead
of
M6-<CR>.
M6-DTB2.

You

was

OMOUNT

and

IM6-<CR>

LOCK.

OMOUNT

the

follows:

108:17:56 (M6)
R JOB 13

Job

job

[1,2].

M7-START:FILE.

necessary

command

job could be initiated by repeating
substituting, for example, the name

and

command

the

under

above

you

MOUNT

requests.
You
can
in this case).
If you
request,

choose

and

mount

DISMOUNT

type

requests

use
a
choose

M6-DTA5

DTB2,

such

the
will

type

as:

108:14:25(M6)
M

JOB

TTY201

1,2

MOUNT

1,2

DISMOUNT

DTA

ACCT

/WL

WRITE-LOCKED

ASSIGN

DTA

(0)

IM6-<CR>

108:18:13(M6)
D

JOB

TTY201

DTAOQ

PROCEED?

IM6-Y<CR>

The

response to a MOUNT command is
dismount
time,
you are asked the
of the following:

Cancel

a <CR> as in the FILE command.
question PROCEED?.
Answer with

Action

the

request

and

queue.

YES

Proceed

At
one

possible.

4-12

delete

from

the

SYSTEM

SERVICES

Action

CANCEL

Same

NO.

DEFER: t

Defer
processing
this
request
for
the
specified amount of time, where t=time in the
form:
mm minutes
(1440
maximum)
or
hh:mm
hours and minutes (24:00 maximum).

HELP

Type

out

list

wvalid

replies

PROCEED

question.
PAUSE

Wait

for

current

operator

input

after

finishing

the

requests.

START : x

Start
processing
x
type
requests
after
completing the current one.
"x" can be FILE,
MOUNT, NONE, or ALL.
START with no
argument
assumes a default of ALL.

STOP: X

Stop
processing
x
type
requests
after
completing the current one.
"x" can be FILE,
MOUNT, NONE, or ALL.
STOP with
no
argument
assumes a default of ALL.

WAIT

Defer

the

request

and

wait

for

operator

input.
WHAT

Retype previous
dialogue.

/START

command

and /STOP may

and

all

resulting

accompany other

TTY

replies.

Responses

to OMOUNT requests,
either
FILE
or
MOUNT,
are
normally
self-explanatory.
There
are times, however, when some type of error
is encountered and special action is required.
When
you
receive
an
error
message,
stop
the particular command causing the error, abort
it, and notify the user about the problem.
The
most
common
errors
occur on FILE commands when the DECtape is full, the DECtape directory
is full, or an
error
1s
encountered
on
a
particular
file.
The
sequence of commands necessary to abort a command is as follows:

1:STOP

IM6-START

This OPSER command will cause
be returned to monitor level.
This

passes
Jjob
M6

the

job M6

monitor

command,
START,
reinitialize the OMOUNT

program.,

IM6-START

This

passes

reprint

the

error.

the

START

command

request

that

OMOUNT

initiated

NOTE

the
running

OMOUNT
specific

program

requests,

was

the
START command should contain
or
imply
the
same argument as the
original
START
command.
(For
example, START:FILE).

SYSTEM

IM6-/C

You would

SERVICES

This command cancels
causing the error.

then

send

message

the

wuser

the

informing

wuser

request

him

the

specification in the Software
Notebooks
further discussion of the OMOUNT program.

and

the

problem.

Refer to the OMOUNT
OMOUNT.HLP file for

4.3

QUEUE

QUEUE is a program which allows a user to add, schedule, list, modify,
and
delete
queue entries in the various system queues.
Although the
QUEUE command is, for the most part, a user, rather than
an
operator
oriented
function, you should become familiar with all of its options
and capabilities:
QUEUE evokes many questions
from
wusers,
and
you
must
be
ready to offer the maximum amount of assistance.
A complete
discussion of QUEUE is contained in the GALAXY Operations
and
System
Programming Procedures manual of the Software Notebooks.
The QUEUE command queues user requests that are to be
acted
upon
by
corresponding spooler and batch programs.
The following system queues
are available:
QUEUE

MNEMONIC

CONTENTS

LPT

Line

PTP

printer

requests

Paper tape punch requests

INP

Batch

system

CDP

Card

PLT

Plotter

punch

requests

Because the list of QUEUE switches is extensive, the entire list
will
not
be
included
in
this document.
The more commonly used switches
will
be
discussed
along
with
several
examples.
However
it
1is
important
that you become familiar with all the switches contained in
the QUEUE specification in the Software Notebooks.
The

basic

format

the

QUEUE

command

is:

.Q gueuename:=filespec/switch
In this format, queuename refers to the queue mnemonic, LPT, PTP, INP,
CDP,
or PLT.
filespec refers to a disk file to be listed, punched on
paper tape, card punched, plotted, or input to the
Batch
controller.
switch
refers
to
one
or more of the allowable QUEUE switches;
the
most common ones are listed below.

SYSTEM

SERVICES

MEANING

SWITCH

/AFTER: hhmm

The request cannot
be
processed
after the specified time (24-hour

/COPIES:n

Repeat the output
63 inclusive.

/DEADLINE
: hhmm

The request must be started
before
specified time (24-hour time).

/DISPOSE:DELETE

Delete

/DISPOSE
: PRESERVE

Save

: RENAME
/DISPOSE

Rename the

/KILL

Remove
the
specified
specified queue.

/LIMIT:n

Output
is
1limited
to
the
specified
number of pages, cards, minutes or feet.

/LIST

List the entries

/MODIFY/switch:arg

Change the specified switch entry to the
new
value "arg".
Multiple switches can
be altered using /MODIFY.

/PRIORITY:n

Give

/TAPE
: IMAGE

Punch the tape

the

delete

the

file

times where n =1

after

file after

file

after

the

until
time).
-

the

spooling.

into

area

[3,3]

and

entry

from

the

spooling.

in the queue.

request a priority where n=0

inclusive.

image mode

(PTP only).

The following switches apply only to the INP or Batch queue.
MEANING

SWITCH

can
Job
the
Set the maximum core that
use where n=decimal value of core in K.

/CORE:n

/RESTART:0

after
restarted
If 0, job cannot be
system
crash.
If
1,
job
can

a
be

restarted.

Specify the maximum amount of
CPU
time
allowable for the job in hours-min-sec.

simplify

the

equals

LPT:

PUNCH

equals

PTP:

SUBMIT

equals

INP:

CPUNCH

equals

CDP:

TPUNCH

equals

PTP:

PLOT

equals

/TIME:hhmmss

To further
available:

PLT:=

queue

commands

the

following alternatives

are

SYSTEM

Some

examples

are

given

SERVICES

below:

EXAMPLES

EXPLANATION

.PRINT

FILEA,FILEB

Enter files FILEA
and
line printer queue.

.PUNCH

FIL.BIN/TAP:IMAGE

Enter the file FIL.BIN
into
the
tape queue to be punched in image

.SUBMIT

FIL/AFTER:1800

.SUBMIT

Enter
queue

[2,167]FIL=/KILL

.PRINT

the file FIL.CTL
1into
to be processed after 6

Kill
from

the
the

entry
input

FIL.CTL
queue.

List

all

entries

for

all

into

the

paper
mode.

the

input

pm.

user

[2,167]

queues.

FILEA/MOD/COPIES:3/FORMS:NARROW
Modify the print
produce 3 copies

It is good practice to examine the queues
backlogs
or
Jjobs that are stuck in queue
software

alter

FILEB

problem.

/AFTER

You

and

can

then

modify

/DEADLINE

requests for
FILEA
on narrow forms.

periodically
checking
for
because of some hardware or

remove

parameters

requests

suit

your

even

operations

schedule.

4,4

GALAXY

BATCH

SYSTEM

The

GALAXY Batch system operates under the control of the DECsystem-10
Operating
System, TOPS-10, increasing the efficiency of the system by
processing jobs that do not require operator interaction.
The
types
of
Jobs
that
you should consider for running in a batch environment
are:
large, long-running jobs;
frequently run jobs;
jobs
requiring
large amounts of data;
and, jobs requiring no user interaction.
The

You

GALAXY

Batch

system

uses

the

following

components:

QUASAR

the

system

BATCON

the

batch

QUEUE
LPTSPL

the

system

the

spooling

SPROUT

the

spooling

processor

for

other

output

SPRINT

the

spooling

processor

for

input

devices

can

automatically

monitor

load

SYS:0OPR.ATO

time

load

queue

system

job

and

queueing program
processor for the

start

including

the

any

the

appropriate

line

printer

above

OPSER

devices

programs

commands

the

file.

4,.4,.1

QUASAR

1is

queued
BATCON

and
spooled
requests are
or the appropriate spooler.

the

There is no
communicate

manager

controller

master

direct
with

controller

interaction
QUASAR
via

the

GALAXY

processed

between QUASAR
commands
to

4-16

Batch
by

system.

QUASAR

and

All

user

directed

and the
operator.
You
BATCON and the spoolers.

SYSTEM SERVICES

QUASAR communicates with you via messages prefixed with "CTQ" that are
issued by BATCON or one of the spoolers.

If QUASAR is not automatically started at monitor load time,

manually do

you

can

follows:

type this if OPSER is not running

.R OPSER

*:SLOG
*:DEF QUA=

1load and start QUASAR

*OQOUA-R QUASAR

(now log in and load BATCON and the spoolers)

If QUASAR should stop running for any reason, you can
it by reloading it in the same subjob,

for example:

simply

restart

QUA-R QUASAR

However, since the new QUASAR does not know about the existence of
BATCON and the spoolers, you must go through a routine of killing and
restarting them,

for

example:

kills BATCON

B-KILL

kills the printer spooler
kills the input spooler

LO-KILL
SP-KILL

Each of the KILL commands causes any processing to stop immediately
But since these jobs are unknown to
and sends a message to QUASAR.
the "new" QUASAR,

it sends a message to you through them.

The message

?CTQMFQ MESSAGE FROM QUASAR - NOT A KNOWN COMPONENT

This means that although you have stopped the actual processing of the
They
the original requests for them still exist in the queues.
jobs,
in
put
1is
QUASAR
"new"
the
when
way
will be processed in the normal
contact with BATCON and the spoolers. This occurs as soon as the
programs have been STARTed as follows:
B-START

LO-START
SP-START

4.4.1.1

system

Component-to-QUASAR Messages - The

following

messages

Most of

these

are

error messages issued by the interface module which BATCON and

the spoolers use to communicate with QUASAR.

system

you

problems;

indicate

serious

2CTQCAP

CANNOT ACQUIRE A PID

should

bring

attention of the system programmer or system administrator.

messages

them to the

not
does
The program (i.e., BATCON or one of the spoolers)
They
acquire a system name from INFO.
to
have privileges
must be run under [1,2] or a remote operator number [1xx.2].
2CTQFCI

FAILURE TO CONNECT TO THE

INTERRUPT SYSTEM

of
A failure occurred when the program (i.e., BATCON or one
spoolers) attempted to enable a PSI system monitor call
the
for

IPCF

interrupts.

Consult the

4-17

system programmer.

SYSTEM

?2CTQIRF

IPCF

The

RECEIVE

IPCFR.

BATCON

FAILURE

monitor

SERVICES

one

call

failed

the

when

spoolers)

the

tried

program

(i.e.,

receive

IPCF

that
of

the

message.

?2CTQMFQ

MESSAGE

FROM

The

stands

xxx

ILLEGALLY

The

QUASAR

for

xxX

one

FORMATTED

operator

DEVICE

specified

unacceptable

the

following

NAME

device

name

program

The

MESSAGE

component

message

system

attempt

user

(i.e.,
the

BATCON
1in

program

PRIVILEGES

was

who

programs.

made

does
BATCON

run

remote

not

station

KNOWN

QUASAR
one

one

the

spoolers)

format.

sent

the

This

sent

indicates

message.

Consult

the

spoolers

ENABLED
run
be

BATCON

one

sufficient
run

under

[1,2].

through

number.
The format for
number is [lnn,2] where

number.

For

the

privileges

under

[1,2]

station
36
would
1log
in
addition, LPTSPL must always

one

invalid

that

have

must

either

project-programmer
project-programmer

NOT

format

programmer.

INSUFFICIENT

must

BATCON

TYPE

QUASAR

problem with

(i.e.,

spoolers).

ILLEGAL

messages:

example,

run

these

The

spoolers

remote

operator

remote operator
represents the

remote

with
a
[p,pn] of
be run from SYS:

operator

[136,2].

1In

COMPONENT

not
the

contact

spoolers)

with

the

that

tried

does

not

component
send

(i.e.,
a

BATCON

message.

This

condition generally indicates one of two
problems.
Either
the component itself is defective or QUASAR crashed and when
it was run again, the operator did not
put
the
components
back into contact with it.
Consult the system programmer.

SPECIFIED

QUASAR

REQUEST

received

NOT

message

YOURS

that

it
1is
~currently
processing.
difficulty with the program that
the system programmer.

UNKNOWN

QUEUE

QUASAR

received

message

This
sent

apply

the

request

condition indicates a
the message.
Consult

SPECIFIED

specified

message

that

queue

condition indicates a
the message.
Consult

process
is

not

queue
known

request
to

difficulty with the program
the system programmer.

4-18

but

QUASAR.

that

the
This

sent

SYSTEM

?2CTQNGS

NO GALAXY-10

SUPPORT

SERVICES

IN THIS

MONITOR

The monitor currently running does not
support
the
GALAXY
or later monitor and have
6.02
a
be
should
It
system.
VMSER,

?2CTQSIF

SEND

PSISER,

INFO

and

IPCSER.

FAILED

to
tried
The program (i.e., BATCON or one of the spoolers)
send
an
IPCF
message to INFO and the IPCFS.
monitor call
failed.
This is indicative of an IPCF problem.
Consult the
system

?2CTQSQF

SEND

programmer.,

TO QUASAR

FAILED

The program (i.e., BATCON or one of the spoolers)
tried
to
monitor call
an IPCF message to QUASAR and the IPCFS.
send
failed.
This is indicative of an IPCF problem.
Consult the
system

4,.4.2

programmer.,

BATCON

BATCON is a system program that reads entries from
the
system
batch
gqueue
and
initiates
and controls batch jobs.
Entries in the system
batch queue (INP:) consist
of
wuser
disk
files
containing
monitor
commands,
system
program
commands,
data
normally
entered
from a
terminal, and GALAXY Batch system
commands.
The
actual
format
of
these files will not be discussed here, but the operator should become
familiar with these control files by reading the GALAXY
Batch
System
documentation and actually creating them.
This section deals with how
the operator
controls
and
responds
to
BATCON
to
ensure
maximum
efficiency of

the

program.

BATCON can be initialized automatically at
monitor
1load
time
along
with the previously mentioned spooler jobs.
It is recommended that it
be controlled through OPSER.
The
operator
interaction
with
BATCON
consists
mainly of changing certain parameters at preset times during
the day to regulate BATCON's scheduling
of
Jjobs.
BATCON
schedules
jobs
based
on
certain parameters for both individual jobs and total
number of jobs able to be run.
A list of these parameters along
with
commonly
used
BATCON
commands
1is
presented below.
For a complete
discussion of all possible commands the operator is
referred
to
the
GALAXY Batch System documentation

4.4.2.1

in the Software Notebooks.

BATCON Commands - The general

directed to BATCON

through OPSER

Bn-command

1is:

format

command

string

argument

where

is the letter that must precede all commands issued
to
BATCON.
B
must
be the OPSER defined subjob name for
BATCON

if BATCON

1is

being

run

under

OPSER.

SYSTEM

indicates
in
your

SERVICES

the BATCON subjob number.
If you omit the
n
command string, BATCON assumes the command is
for
the
last
subjob
you
specified
in
a
command.
You may substitute the word ALL for

intended
previous
n.

In this
subjects of

case,

Some

commands

all
active
command.

the

BATCON

are

batch

general

subjobs

(i.e.,

are

not

apply

a
specific
number.
In

subjob) and hence do not require the
these cases
you
should
omit
the
The format of the command then becomes:

number.

B-command

command

is
be

one

the

subjob
subjob

argument

commands

abbreviated

indicate

the

unique

described

few

below.

letters

Commands
are

may

necessary

command.

NOTE

There

accepted
the

argument

command

BATCON

will
The

will

commands
l.

for

requires

assumed

an
only

STOP

this

for

rule.

START.

desired,

1is

Therefore,
least

STO

each

command
a

key

argument,

and

word,
it

may
or

must

number,

may

not

specified;

error message.
The default value for
when the command itself is not given.

available

Commands

command

characters,

issue

exception

typed.

varies
of

abbreviation

set

the

operator

parameters

fall

for

into

Batch

three

jobs

string

required.
otherwise,

argument

categories:

(refer

Table

4_1)1
2.

Commands to
Table 4-2),

display
and

the

Commands

control

Batch

current

parameter

subjobs

(refer

settings

Table

(refer

4-3).

SYSTEM

Commands

Command

CORE

Set

SERVICES

Table 4-1
Parameters

for

Batch

Jobs

Explanation

Limits the total core available for all Batch jobs to
nkK,
where n represents a decimal number in the range
of
zero
(0)
to
the
amount
of
swapping
space
available.
The
default
1is 1.5 times the amount of
physical memory the system
makes
available
to
the

EXIT

user.

(See

note

1.)

Ceases
active

selection of new
Jjobs,
waits
Jjobs to be completed, and then

for
currently
returns to the

monitor.

MCORE

Limits to nK the core
available
for
an
1individual
Batch
job.
The n stands for a decimal number in the
range from zero (0) to CORMAX (the parameter
set
by
the
OPSER
command
":SET CORMAX" or the wvalue built
into the system at MONGEN time.
The default
1is
the
value

MJOB

CORMAX.

(See

note

1.)

Limits the number of
Batch
jobs
that
can
be
run
concurrently
to n, which represents a decimal number
in the range zero (0) to
the
wvalue
of
the
JOBMAX
assembly
parameter.
(Refer
to
the
BATCON
specification in
the
Software
Notebooks
for
more
information about JOBMAX.)

MTIME

Limits each individual Batch job to n seconds of
CPU
time,
where
n is a decimal number in the range zero
(0) to 262,143 seconds.
Any Batch jobs in the
1input
queue
that
have estimates larger than n will not be
selected for execution by BATCON.
The default is
no
limit.

Selects the job with the queue
the next job to be processed.

sequence

number

RESET

Stops scheduling new jobs, waits
for
all
currently
active
Jobs to be completed, and returns to operator
command wait.
At
this
point,
all
parameters
are
RESET to their default settings.

START

Begins Batch
processing.
command
to
cancel
the

You
effect

can
of

also
use
RESET or

this
EXIT

command.

TIME

Limits the total amount of CPU time available to
all
Batch
Jobs to n seconds, where n represents
a number
in the
range
zero
(0)
to
262,143
seconds.
The
default is no limit.

Note 1l:
This command 1is not available if no
specified at GALAXY system generation time.
4-21

core

enforcement

was

SYSTEM

SERVICES

4-2

Table

Commands

to Display the Current Parameter

Settings

Explanation

Command

Type out the current values of the parameters set
the
commands in Table 4-1 above.
Also, type out
number of the current default subjob, the
number

CURRENT

active

HELP

job

that

affect

List

all

streams

the

and

any exceptional conditions

Batch

System.

wvalid

BATCON

commands
themselves
will
descriptions
are
given
1in

Operator's Guide.

commands.

be
this

Only

listed;
section

Type out the correspondence between the Batch
number and the monitor job number.

WHAT

Type out a

the

current

the

detailed
of
the

MONJOB

description

by
the
of

Jjob:

subjob

the

subjob
number, the monitor job number, the job name,
the project-programmer number, the
program
running,
its
state
and
the
amount
of
CPU
time used.
1In
addition, this command causes the last line
of
text
entered
into
the
specified
job's
LOG
file to be

displayed.

Table

Commands

message

Display the next n lines of the control file
of
the
specified
subjob
on
the operator's terminal.
Only
the lines contained in the current core
buffers
can
be
displayed.
n
1is
a positive, non-zero, decimal
number and must
be
specified.
If
n
exceeds
the
number
of
remaining
lines in the control file, the
display will stop at the end of the file.

Continue the specified subjob that
has
either
been
halted
by
the
STOP
command
or
1is
waiting for a
response.
The message is optional, but
1if
present,
it
will
be
placed in the LOG file of the specified
subjob

KILL

Batch Subjobs

Explanation

Command

EXAMINE

4-3

to Control

and

indicated

comment.

argument;message

Cancel
the

the

specified

subjob.

Argument must be one of

following:

FLUSH - cancel without error
recovery
or
queueing of output (passes the switch /Z:0
ERROR NERROR -

cancel with
cancel

normal

without

user

error

automatic
to KJOB).

recovery.

SYSTEM

SERVICES

Table

Commands

4-3 (Cont.)
to Control Batch Subjobs

Explanation

Command

the

argument

1is

not

specified,

KILL

ERROR

assumed.

The message is optional,
but
1if
present,
appear
as a comment in the LOG file of the
subjob.

it
will
specified

NOTE

If the argument to this command
1is
any
message
must be preceded by a
(;) or an exclamation point (!).

OPERATOR

missing,
semicolon

message

Send the supplied message to
the
specified
subjob.
This command is the response to dialogue mode and has
no effect unless the
wuser
has
included
the
Batch
command,
.OPERATOR,
within
the
control
file.
Dialogue mode is the
operator-program
communication
facility provided by BATCON.
REQUEUE

hh:mm

Return the specified subjob to the system input queue
for
processing later.
The argument hh:mm is used to
give the subjob an AFTER parameter (e.g.,
Bl-REQUEUE
1:00,
requeues
subjob
1
and
provides
an
AFTER
parameter of one hour).
If the argument is
missing,
the
assembly
parameter REQTIM is used.
Consult the
system administrator to determine the
value
of
the
assembly

parameters.

NOTE

When specifying an AFTER time,
if
only
one
set
of numbers is specified, minutes will be
assumed.
It
1s
only
when
two
sets
of
numbers,
separated
by a colon are specified
that hours and minutes
are given below.

B1-REQUEUE

requeues
20

assumed.

Examples

subjob

and

provides

an AFTER parameter

minutes.

B11-REQUEUE

requeues
1l

are

hour

1:30

subjob

and

and provides

minutes.

an AFTER parameter

SYSTEM

SERVICES

Table

Commands

Command

4-3 (Cont.)
Control Batch

Subjobs

Explanation

B3-REQUEUE

100

requeues subjob 3 and provides an AFTER
100 minutes (1 hour and 40 minutes).
ROUTE

parameter

Route

all output destined for station "a" to
station
"b".
Station
"a"
refers
to
the
wuser's
1logical
location as logged
in
or
changed
via
the
LOCATE
command.
a
and b are 2 digit octal node numbers in
the

range,

01-77.

WARNING

Use discretion when
building
control
files
using
the
ROUTE
command;
this command 1is
likely to be changed
or
superseded
1in
the
future.

STOP

message

Halt the specified
subjob.
The
job
will
not
be
resumed until a GO command is issued.
The message is
optional but if present, it will appear as a
comment

in
TELL

the

LOG

file

the

specified

subjob.

message

Enter the supplied text as
of the specified subjob.

4.4.2.2

BATCON

Operation

BATCON

comment

the

normally

LOG

file

initialized

automatically at monitor load time requiring no operator intervention.
If for some reason you must start BATCON
manually
under
OPSER,
the
following
be

procedure,

with

appropriate

commands

and

arguments,

should

followed:
STEP

!1:SLOG

! :DEF

1,2

EXPLANATION

Log

Give

an OPSER

the

subjob

the

under

name

[1,2].

important to note here that the
is reserved for BATCON and that
subjob may be so defined.
!B-R

BATCON

1B-MJOB

Run

the

Limit

BATCON

number

program.

jobs

very

letter B
no other

SYSTEM

STEP

!B-MCORE

SERVICES

EXPLANATION

Limit

single

job

core

56K.(See

note

200K.(See

note

time

3600

7500

1)
IB-CORE

200

Limit

total

job

core

1)
IB-MTIME

3600

Limit

single

job

CPU

seconds.
IB-TIME

7500

Limit

total

job

CPU

time

seconds.
!B-START

Start

scheduling

jobs.

Once BATCON is started, you need only to adjust parameters to maintain
optimum
system
performance.
At
wvarious
times
during the day the
following parameters might be either increased or decreased
depending
upon

the

current

system

load.

MJOB
MTIME

MCORE (See

note

TIME

CORE (See

The

intended

from

note

effect

overloading

the

adjusting

system

these

during

parameters

peak

times,

jobs to the slack times of the day.
You should
effect the various commands have on BATCON.
A

user

control

complete

include

FILE,

file

includes

specified

all

task.

MOUNT/DISMOUNT,

and

the

part

prevent

defer

the

control

BATCON

the

familiar

1instructions

PLEASE

and

larger

with

the

necessary
file

user

commands.
The
FILE,
action by you as
the OMOUNT
jobs

may

MOUNT,
far as
along

and
DISMOUNT
commands
require
no
special
BATCON is concerned.
They are handled through

with
regqular
interactive
wusers.
The
PLEASE commands do require a
special response in order for the job
to
continue.
When
a
subjob
issues
a
PLEASE
command,
the
output
is
directed to the terminal
controlling BATCON.
Upon receipt of such
a
command
you
must
take
whatever
action 1s necessary and then indicate to the subjob that you
have

done

name

what

was

number.

118:42:33

necessary

example

typing

this

Bn-ESCape

process

where

the

subjob

follows:

(B)

SUBJOB#

PLEASE

USE

JOB#6
DECTAPE

2-167-1

FOR

MOUNT

WAITING....

1B1-$
Your

only

times
batch

the

response

Batch

the

example

successful

above

LOG

progress

job.

1In

file.
of

the

you

might

use

Note

Not

available

LOG

Batch

above

DECtape

The

the

file
job

example

Bl-ESCape

to the
used to

contains

and

you

following

the

was

completion of

you may need to send a message
request.
The TELL command is

user's

the

indicate

DEFCOR

wuser
enter

are

assembly

(ESCape

PLEASE
who
such

running

printed

command

4-25

the

upon

unable
to

prints

request.

submitted
a message

At
the
into

transaction
completion

find

the

inform

the

user:

parameter

zero

the

user

(0).

SYSTEM

Bl-TELL CANNOT
B1-$

FIND

TAPE

2-167-1

SERVICES

WILL ABORT

MOUNT

It is very important that you monitor the BATCON
periodically to ensure that all jobs are running

wait

°C

state.

job

waiting

COMMAND

job and
and are

for

its
subjobs
not hung in a

operator

action,

periodically
a
message will be typed on your operator terminal.
The
message contains information about the job and the text, "WAITING
FOR
RESPONSE",
followed
by several bells.
The frequency of this message
normally is one minute.
However,
this
feature
may
be
changed
or
removed entirely by resetting the assembly parameter, PROMPT.
To monitor

a BATCON

! :WHAT

job,

you

should

use

the

Prints out
the
OPSER command)

!B-CURR

out

BATCON

parameters.

Prints out
subjobs

!Bn-WHAT

Prints

You
can
then
irregularities

determine
and
take

the

status

abort

a Batch

job,

BATCON

values

status

from
the
output
of
the necessary action to

reason you must

current

the

out

commands:

status

Prints

!BALL-WHAT

If for some
required:

following

all

of BATCON

(an

the

BATCON

subjob n

these
commands
any
correct the problem,

the

following

action

BALL-WHAT

From the information printed out, you can determine the
Batch
subjob
number.
Knowing
the
subjob
number is very important.
You must be
absolutely sure that you are aborting the correct one.
Bn-KILL

This causes subjob n to be aborted
which allows for error processing.

and

uses

the

default

argqument

ERROR

Whenever you use the TELL or KILL command a record of this appears
1in
the
wuser's LOG file.
It is therefore very important that you use the
TELL command to inform the
user
of
any
abnormalities
encountered.
This command does not hinder the processing of the job but serves as a
means of communication with the user even though he is not necessarily
present

4.4.2.3

can

the

system.

BATCON

appear

ARGUMENT

Operator

your

OUT

UNABLE

The

job

The

following

messages

from

BATCON

console.

OF RANGE

The numeric argument
limits permitted for
BATCON

Messages

operator

specified is greater
that command.

than

lesser

than

the

KJOB

could
two

not

has

made

give

alternative

be KJOBed.

attempts

actions.

This message

send

KJOB

issued

command.

after

Further

BATCON

messages

SYSTEM SERVICES

COMMAND

AMBIGUOUS

The operator has entered an abbreviation that does not specify
unique

command.

FORMAT

ILLEGAL NUMBER

Illegal characters appear in

that

field

only

contain

must

numerics.
ILLEGAL

SUBJOB

SPECIFIED

beyond

JOB CANNOT

the

assembly parameter

PUT

than

The operator specified a subjob number that was less
JOBMAX.

MONITOR MODE

after
mode
A subjob did not return to monitor
Further messages give alternative actions.

sent

without

one

[}

MISSING ARGUMENT OR ILLEGAL DELIMITER

A command that requires an argument was entered

with a punctuation error.
NO

SUBJOBS

ARE

ACTIVE

A subjob command has been issued but

subjobs

are

currently

running.

RESPOND Bn-GO

(or

KILL)

Subjob n is waiting for a response.
after

a PLEASE

This message usually appears

command.

RESPOND Bn-OPR line

Subjob n is requesting a response to dialogue mode.
SUBJOB

NOT ACTIVE

"n" specifies a subjob that is not currently running.

SUBJOB #n JOB #n
This is a general heading to clarify the source of more messages.
UNKNOWN

BATCON

COMMAND

The command entered cannot be recognized by BATCON.

for
Under certain exceptional conditions, there may be no LOG file
BATCON to write to (e.g., after a KJOB command is issued). When this
is the case, any output sent from the subjob is typed (with a heading)
on your operator console. Although this can sometimes be annoying,
information
there is a good chance that the output will contain error
1in diagnosing the problem that occurred (e.g.,
that you will need
?SWAP READ ERROR during KJOB/LOGOUT)
.

SYSTEM

4.5

OUTPUT

SPOOLERS

The output spoolers access the
specific requests to create the
The

output

SPROUT

The

spoolers

for

card

spooler

monitor

consist

punch,

programs

load

controlled
The

time

from

the

paper

are

the

system
output
queues
specified output.
LPTSPL

tape

usually

(depending
terminal

commands

LPTSPL,

SERVICES

along

printer

spooler,

1line

initiated

the

examples

line

for

punch,

printer

plotter

contents

the

with
several
discussed
1in
and

the

job

examples

which

below,

The

outputs

card

outputs

to LPT1 is called
very
important
spoolers.
Because these jobs

become

determines
If

the

spoolers

jobs
from
explain how

job

run

file)

and

are

other
system
jobs.
this section apply to

card

punch

called

option

CP.

The

LPTSPL

LO and the LPTSPL job which
are
arbitrary,
but
they
of
commands to the various

under

initiated,

case

the

and

OPSER,

the

job

name

start

these

following

steps

command.

line

Log

L1l=

!L1-ASSIGN

!L1-R

are

the

output

some

printer

you

need

error.

and

card

only

The

punch

spoolers.

EXPLANATION

1,2

!:DEFINE

automatically

scratch
to initialize

STEP

!+SLOG

destination
are

punch

is
<called
L1.
These names
the
1issuing

upon

automatically

auto

SPROUT:

act

output.

OPSER

and

LPT1

LPTSPL

!L1-MLIMIT

100

Give

subjob

this

Assign

under

subjob

LPT1

the

job

[1,2].

name

L1.

Run

the

line

Set

the

initial

page

outputting

a subjob

under

printer

spooler

limit

program.

LPT1

100.
!L1-START

!:SLOG

LPT1:

1,2

!:DEFINE

!LO-R

Log

LO=

!LO-ASSIGN

LPTO

LPTSPL

!LO-MLIMIT

Begin

2000

Give

this

Assign

subjob

LPTO0

LPTI.

the

job

[1,2].

name

LO.

Run

the

line

Set

the

initial

page

outputting

printer

spooler

limit

program.

LPTO

2000.
!LO-START
1:SLOG

1,2

!:DEFINE
!CP-R

LPTO:

Log

CP=

SPROUT

!CP-MLIMIT

Begin

2000

Give
Run

subjob

this
the

LPTO.

under

subjob

the

[1,2].

name

SPROUT

program.

limit

Set

the

initial

2000

cards.

CP.

the

card

punch

SYSTEM

STEP

SERVICES

EXPLANATION

ICP-LOCK

Pause after

!CP-MESSAGE

FILE

file

Start

the

!CP-CARDS

each

job.

identification as

processed.

card

punch

each

file

spooler.

Once the spoolers have been started, they will automatically act
upon
requests
that
have
been
queued
by
the
users.
You
need
alter
parameters or issue spooler commands only to ensure the most efficient
operation
of the spooler devices.
A list of commands 1s given below.
For
each
command
the
1list
gives
the
name
of
the
command,
an

explanation
of the effect of the command, and the spooler(s) to which
the command applies.
LPTSPL or SPROUT implies
that
the
command
1is
applicable
only
to
the line printer or SPROUT devices respectively;
ALL implies that the command can apply to any output device.

COMMAND

ALIGN

EXPLANATION

file

BACKSPACE

SPOOLER

Output a test file for a
specific form
on the line
printer. This command 1is used
to aid the operator in checking
the alignment of the paper with
the carriage tape. The default
file is <current form type>.ALP,
unless there is a /ALIGN switch
for the form in SYS:LPFORM.INI
See Section 4.5.1.

CARDS

Backspace the

begin printing

there.

Start SPROUT processing
queued

CHKPNT label

file n pages

Save

the

line

card

files

EXIT

SPROUT

in the control

file

the

Cause the spooler
to the monitor if

ALL

operator.

to return
the spooler
is idle. If this command 1is
given while the spooler is active,
an error message 1s 1issued.
4-29

ALL

the

Print out the current value of
all parameters that can be
controlled

LPTSPL

punch.

identified by "label" as a
potential restart point in
event of a system failure.

CURRENT

and

LPTSPL

ALL

SYSTEM

COMMAND

FORMS

SERVICES

EXPLANATION

SPOOLER

formsname

ALL

Inform

the

"formsname"
The default

FORWARD

FREEZE

spooler

that

is now mounted.
is NORMAL.

Forward space the file n pages
and begin printing there.

LPTSPL

Cause
forms

ALL

the currently mounted
(cards, line printer,

paper tape, or plotter
"frozen". The spoolers

schedule

different

Continue processing

form

LOCK,

PAUSE,

paper) to
will not

type

form.

after

STOP

has

ALL

been

issued.

Type out a list of all the

HELP

spooler

Abort the current
to the next job.

KILL

LIMIT

LOCK

MESSAGE

ALL

commands.

job

and

Change the limit for the current
job to n pages, cards, feet, or
minutes.

ALL

PAUSE
job.

ALL

automatically

after

each

FILE

Type only the specified messages
on the operator's console.

JOB

where:

ERROR

ALL

NONE

ALL

ERROR

prints

that
FILE

prints

JOB

all

occur

each

the

fatal

errors

while processing.
file

file

identification

processed.

prints job information at
the beginning and end of
each job. (LPTSPL only)

ALL

SYSTEM

COMMAND

SERVICES

EXPLANATION

SPOOLER

ALL

prints the information
specified on all three
of the above.

NONE

cancels any previous
arguments of the MESSAGE
command.

NOTE

The MESSAGE command
supports
multiple
arguments
separated
by
commas.
However, the arguments are
processed in order from left to right.
Therefore
if
conflicting
arguments
valid one will apply.
For

MLIMIT

MESSAGE

ALL,

MESSAGE

FILE,

FILE

JOB,

not

NONE

run

outputs

are specified,
example:

Conflict;

any

conflict;

the

ALL

NONE

applies

Applies

job which

than

last

ALL

pages,

feet,

or cards, or which uses more
than n minutes of plotter time.
This command has no effect on
the job currently being
processed.
(n is a decimal number)

Select the job with the gqueue
sequence number n as the next
job to be processed.

ALL

NOSUPPRESS

Remove the effect of the
SUPPRESS command immediately.
NOSUPPRESS is in effect
at the time the spooler 1is
initialized.

LPTSPL

PAUSE

Finish

ALL

job

PLOT

Start
queued

REPRINT

processing

and

then

the

current

stop.

SPROUT processing
to

the

files

SPROUT

plotter.

Stop processing the current
copy of the current file
immediately and start it over.

ALL

SYSTEM

SERVICES

EXPLANATION

COMMAND

REQUEUE/switches

SPOOLER

Stop writing now and place the
job back into the queue for
later processing.

ALL

Note that different switches
apply to different spoolers
as indicated in the right-hand
column. The switches are
optional and can be omitted.
The default for
reprocessing at
position of the

LPTSPL is to
the current
file.

start

The default for
reprocessing at
the job.

SPROUT is to start
the beginning of

Switches:

/A:n
Start reprocessing
minutes.

after

/B:n
Start reprocessing
back 1in the file.

pages

/F:n
Start reprocessing n
forward in the file.

pages

LPTSPL

ALL

Start
12

ALL

reprocessing

after

hours.

/T
Start reprocessing at
beginning of the job.
This

RESET

the

default

ALL
the

for

SPROUT.

Reinitialize the spooler.
If the spooler 1is idle when
a RESET command 1is issued,
the command will be processed.
If jobs are active, an error
message 1s 1issued.

ALL

SYSTEM

COMMAND

SPOOLER

EXPLANATION

Stop processing the current
copy of the current file
immediately and begin the
next copy.
If the last or
only copy is being processed
at the time this command is
issued, start the next file

SKPCOPY

the

ALL

request.

Stop processing the current copy
of the current file immediately
and begin processing the next
file in the request.

SKPFILE

START

SERVICES

ALL

output-dev=queued-dev

LPTSPL

Immediately start processing files
queued to the queued device and
output them on the output device.
If

output

LPTSPL

queued

LPTSPL
as the

Stop

STOP

device

assumes

LPT:

device

assumes the
default.

specified,

the

specified,

output

default.

device

immediately.

ALL

NOTE

"ST"

acceptable

for the START command.
if STOP is desired, at
"STO" must be typed.

SUPPRESS/switch

abbreviation
Therefore,
least

Cause the spooler to ignore
all vertical paper motion
characters except for the line
feed. This command has the following
two switch options that control the
scope

option

the

command.

The

FILE

default.

Switch:
FILE

The
the
the

SUPPRESS command applies
current file. This is
default.

only

LPTSPL

SYSTEM

COMMAND

SERVICES

EXPLANATION

JOB

The SUPPRESS
entire print

TAPE

UNFREEZE

SPOOLER

command
job.

applies

Starts

SPROUT

processing

files

queued

paper-tape

punch.

Remove

the

SPROUT

effect

the

FREEZE

ALL

effect

the

LOCK

ALL

command.

UNLOCK

Remove

the

command so that the spooler will
continue automatically after
each job.

WHAT

Type

out

the

operator's

ALL

console the present status of
the spooler.
This information
consists of
the job name, the

user's

name,

his

‘

project-

programmer number, the job's
sequence number, and information

about

the

file

being

processed.

Once

you have familiarized yourself with the general spooler
commands
it
becomes
important
to
know
when
to
use
them.
Following is a
discussion of some applications of the spoolers.

4.5.1

LPTSPL

LPTSPL is the program which handles
the
1line
printer
through
QUEUE.
printers are assumed to be in use.

all PRINT requests
1In the discussion
LPTO prints, say,

submitted
for
below, two line
at
a
rate
of

1000
1lines
per minute and LPT1 prints 600 lines per minute.
Because
of the difference in speed, a higher limit might be
set
on
the
job
controlling LPTO0.
This does not mean, however, that the limit on LPT1
must

always

lower

The

commands

which

the

examples

will

than

LPTO.

could

apply

based

one

to
the

both

Initially, when the monitor is loaded,
both
started
automatically
with
a line printer
the following page limits:
LO-MLIMIT

2000

L1-MLIMIT

100

jobs

and

although

other.

spooler
assigned

3jobs
could
be
each and with
~

SYSTEM

SERVICES

During the normal daily operation,
your
only
interaction
with
the
spoolers
would
be to increase or decrease the MLIMIT of a particular
job.
This is not normally done during prime time unless the
spoolers
are
1idle
and
a
wuser
must have a listing which is over the current
limit.
In this case you would type:
LO-MLIMIT

where

the

new

value

MLIMIT.

LPTSPL is so designed that when an out-of-paper condition
on
a
1line
printer
is
detected,
it
will
notify
you, and then wait until the
situation is corrected.
The spooler will then continue automatically.
You
need
not
1issue
any
commands.
All you must do is correct the
problem and the software will do the rest.
1In the
event
of
such
a
condition
on
LPT1l,
vyou
will
receive
the following message on the
terminal:
113:27:05(L1)
% DEVICE

LPT1

NOT

READY

Once the problem
continue.

corrected

the

1line

printer

will

automatically

There are
returned

some error conditions which may
cause
the
spooler
to
be
to
monitor
level.
These conditions are obscure and would
serve no useful purpose being explained here.
The spooler will output
an
error
message
indicating the problem, and the end result is that

the spooler will be returned to monitor or

"C level.

the
spooler
program
must
be
restarted
before
processing requests.
When in doubt as to the state
you

need

only

occurs,

can
the

continue
spooler,

type:

: WHAT

to print out the status of the job.
it must

1If this

it
of

restarted

1If the spooler

is in a

“C

state

follows:

§EEE

EXPLANATION

!LO-R LPTSPL

Run

the

spooler

ILO-MLIMIT

1020

Set

the

page

'LO-START

LPTO:

program.

limit.

Start processing

requests.

It is very simple to remove completed listings without
hampering
operation
of
the line printer.
You may, however, stop and start
spooler to remove listings or clear up a jam.
Use the commands:

the
the

!LO-STOP
!L0-GO

These

are

the

only commands

needed

stop

and

continue

the

spooler

program.

The MLIMIT parameter can be raised during a period that
1s
not
very
busy,
to allow large listings to be printed.
You can ask the spooler
to type out its current status to ensure that MLIMIT has been
changed
correctly.
The
following
example
shows the MLIMIT being raised to
3500

and

then

checked:

SYSTEM SERVICES
STEP

EXPLANATION

!LO-MLIMIT

3500

!LO-CURRENT

Raise

the

page

This

causes

current

may

be
need

still

temporarily
The

a time
to
be
be

commands

when

the
output,

output

divert

printer

magnetic

LPTO0

the

spooler
of

Then,

Have

MTAOQ:=LPTO:

after

printer

the

queue

line

Set

down

for

free

some

out

and

the
other

repairs.
If
files
disk space, they can

printed

MTAQ

printer

subjob
the

later

time.

are:

current
!LO-REWIND

run

output

repaired,

Exit

LPTSPL.

device

requeue

the

MTAO:

the

monitor

MTAOQ.
files

onto

the

!LO-R PIP

Using

PIP,

ILO-LPTO0:/X=MTAQ:* *
1L0-"A

magnetic tape
CTRL/A to the
to

LPTSPL

return

Reload

LPTO:

Start

the

end

the

job.

Rewind

ILO-START

type

follows.

!LO-EXIT

!LO-R

MLIMIT

parameters.

and

onto

3500.

EXPLANATION

LPTSPL

ILO-START

tape

output

STEP

!LO-R

is
to

perhaps

values

operator—-set

There

limit

tape.
transfer

the

files

from

to the printer queue.
subjob acts like a CTRL/C
monitor.

LPTSPL.
the

line

printer

spooler.

Occasionally a user will inadvertently QUEUE
a
file
to
be
printed
which
1is
not
in
the
<correct form such as a binary file.
If it is
discovered before printing of the file begins, the print
request
may
be
deleted
from
the
QUEUE
via
the
QUEUE/KILL
command discussed
earlier.
When this is not discovered until the file begins to
print,
the
line
printer
will
rapidly
eject
pages,
print
groups
of
unrecognizable characters, or continually hang up.
You must then
use
the

spooler

KILL

command

follows:

!LO-KILL

This will abort the current print request
and
proceed
request.
This
command must be used with caution as it
user's disk file to be deleted along with the request.
As mentioned
earlier,
coverage,
the
spooler
means

that

user

may

when the spoolers are
is operator coverage,
system

describe

assignment
use.

The

queue

spooler

running

the

jobs.

output

idle.
it is

will

line

1is

directly

operating
printers
the

the
next
cause the

with

operator
This

assigned.

1line

printer

even

While this is reasonable as long as there
not desirable during those times when
the
no

operator

spooler

even

system
the

have

necessary

the

spoolers

regquest

not

with

action

when
Jjobs

to
can

output

though

coverage.

release

Jjobs

and make

the

the
line

line

the

The

following

1line

printers

them available
printers

printers

are

upon
not

for

from
general

receipt

assigned

steps

of
to

a
the

SYSTEM

§IEB

SERVICES

EXPLANATION

1:STOP LO

Stop the

spooler.

ILO-FINISH LPTO:

The FINISH command effectively deassigns
the

line printer.

!LO-R LPTSPL

Run

the

!LO-START LPTO:

Ready the

spooler

receipt of

The steps above would be repeated for
and

LPT1l:

for

program.

to output

a print

job L1

to LPTO0

upon

request.

substituting

for

LPTO:.

The special forms handler in LPTSPL provides a means by which
various
parameters
may be set automatically on the basis of form names.
This
is accomplished through the use of a disk file, SYS:LPFORM.INI,
which
contains a

Each

line

list of

forms

in LPFORM.INI

and default

the

switches.

form:

formname/swl/sw2/sw3...
or

formname:locator/swl/sw2/sw3...

formname

a 1to
6character
administrator
is
free
descriptive of the types

form
name.
The
system
to
specify
form
names
of
forms
wused
at
the

installaton.

locator

a field used to describe one or more

be
for

affected
by various parameters.
the locator field are:

ALL
LOCAL
REMOTE
Snn
LPTn

printers

Legal values

all line printers
all local line printers
all remote line printers
all printers at station nn (octal)
the specific line printer n

If the locator field is omitted, ALL
1is
assumed.
If
more than one locator field is used, each must
be separated by a comma and the list
enclosed
1in
parentheses.
Some examples are given below:

formname: LOCAL/swl/sw2
formname: (LOCAL,S2)/swl/sw2

/swl/sw2/sw3...

one or more switches used to describe
in which

the

SWITCH

/ALCNT:nn

forms

are

to be

printed.

the

manner

MEANING

nn specifies the number of times
that
the
forms
alignment
file
1is to be printed.
This switch is
used in conjunction with the ALIGN command.
Typing
forms

any

character

alignment printing.
4-37

LPTSPL

will

terminate

SYSTEM

SWITCH

/ALIGN:ss

SERVICES

MEANING

6-character

specifies
the name of the
file (extension.ALP) to be

/ALSLP:nn

forms

type.

with

the ALIGN

specifies

printing

/BANNER:nn

used

specifies

/DRUM:
ss

/HEADER:
nn

that

used

conjunction

the

number

forms

seconds

alignment

conjunction with
the

number

between

file.

This

the ALIGN
of

each

switch

command.

banner

pages

is a 1- to 6-character ASCII
string that specifies
the chain or
drum to be
wused on
the line
printer.
The switch name and argument
are
typed
on
the
operator's
console
when
the
forms are
scheduled.
1If
both
the
/CHAIN
and
the
/DRUM
switches
are
specified for the same entry in the
LPFORM.INI file, the spooler will
type
only
the
last one it encountered.
nn

specifies

the

number

file

headers

number

lines

(picture

desired.

specifies

the

printed

the
banner,
trailer,
and
header
pages.
argument is used
for
internal
<calculations
does

/NOTE:
aa

(job

desired.

pages)

/LINES:nn

switch

string

forms alignment
position
this

command.

the

headers)

/CHAIN:ss

This

ASCII

default
used to

not

sent

affect

a message
to

the

file

operator

on
The
and

printed.

<characters
the

time

the

that

1is

forms

are

scheduled.

/PAUSE

Causes

the

the spooler to pause
type of form specified.

the

UNLOCK

operator

before

This

each job
using
switch overrides

command.

/RIBBON:ss

ss is
a
1to
6-character
ASCII
string
that
specifies
the
type
of
ribbon to be used on the
line printer.
The switch name
and
argument
are
typed
on
the operator's console at the time that
the forms are scheduled.

/TAPE
: XXX

XXX is a
specifies
control

1to
6-character
the
name
of
the

used.

1If

the

ASCII
string
vertical forms

printer

has

that
unit

optical

vertical forms unit (uses paper carriage tapes), a
message 1s sent
to
the
operator
to
mount
the
carriage
tape
named
XxxX.
If the printer has a
direct access vertical forms unit (DAVFU),
LPTSPL
will
attempt
to
1load
the
DAVFU
with the file
SYS:xxx.VFU.

LPTSPL

finds

the

file,

notifies
the
operator
that
the
file
1is being
loaded.
1If the file cannot
be
found,
an
error
message informs the operator that the job has been
requeued.

the

/TAPE

defaults

switch
NORMAL.

not

specified,

the

name

SYSTEM

SWITCH

SERVICES

MEANING

/TRAILER:nn

specifies

the

number

Jjob

trailer

(pages)

desired.

/VFU: xxx

This
switch
/TAPE
: XXX.

performs

the

same

function

/WHAT

Causes the spooler to type a short WHAT message to
the
operator
for each job printed.
This message
consists of the job
name,
the
wuser's
name
and
project-programmer
number,
and
the
sequence
number.

/WIDTH:nn

The value of nn is used for internal
calculations
to
determine
a
width
class.
The
width class
specifies the number of characters per line to
be
printed
on the banner, header, and trailer pages.
There

are

three width

classes.

Wwidth class 1 (nn=0-60) specifies that
wup
66
characters per line will be printed on
banner, header, and trailer pages.

to
the

Width class 2 (nn=61-100) specifies that up to
90
characters per line will be printed on the
banner, header, and trailer pages.

Width class 3 (nn=101-132) specifies
that
to
129 characters per line will be printed
the banner, header, and trailer pages.

up
on

The LPFORM.INI file is searched until the first occurrence of
a
1line
that
contains
both
the
name
of
the forms currently mounted and a
locator field (either implicit or explicit) that is in agreement
with
the
printer
specified
in
the
START command.
The parameter switch
settings on this matching line are then used.
So, the sequence,

NARROW/swl/sw?2

(equivalent to NARROW:ALL/swl/sw2)

NARROW:LOCAL/swl/sw2

would never

reach

the

second

line,

since

the

first

1line

will

always

match.

The spooler will request the operator to change the forms only if
the
first
four characters of the new form name differ from the first four
characters of the o0ld form name.
This allows entries in LPFORM.INI of
the

form:

NARROW/HEADER:1/BANNER:1/TRAILER:1
NARRO1l/HEADER:0/BANNER:1/TRAILER:1
NARRO2/HEADER:0/BANNER:0/TRAILER:0/WHAT
The spooler will schedule any
NARRO1l,
or
NARRO2,
without
(provided that
one
of
the
However,
the
switches
will

of the three
types
asking the operator

forms,
NARROW,
change the forms
specified
forms
already
1s
mounted).
be
different for each of the specified

forms.

4-39

of
to

SYSTEM

Assume

that

the

LPFORM.INI

file

SERVICES

contains

the

following

entry:

LABELS:LPT1/CHAIN:96CHRS/RIBBON:CARBON/VFU:LBLDAV/NOTE:USE
If

you

issue

command

such

4-UP

LABELS

as:

PRINT NAFILE/FORM:LABELS
The print request is queued on the printer queue.
When
the
request
1s
scheduled
to be processed, LPTSPL searches the
LPFORM.INI file for a formsname matching the /FORM:
switch

argument.

Finding

the

LABELS

entry,

LPTSPL

outputs

switch

settings

the

following:

MOUNT

LABELS

FORMS

THEN

TYPE

You will also be reminded
following messages:

the

via

the

[DRUM (CHAIN) :96CHRS]
[RIBBON
: CARBON]
[NOTE:USE 4-UP LABELS]
If

LPT1

has

LPTSPL

the

[LPTLVF

file

LOADING VFU

If the

direct

attempts

found,

LBLDAV

file

access

¢to

1load

the

vertical
it

with

forms

the

unit

file,

following message

(DAVFU )

LBLDAV.VFU.

1If

issued:

LPTI1]

cannot

found,

FOR

LPT1,

the

following

message

issued:

$LPTCFV

CANNOT

You

can

the

/VFU:

PLEASE

4.5.1.1

can

PUT

LPT1

VFU

then

LBLDAV

either

does

not

have

tape

following

message:

VFU

TAPE

msg

WILL

the

NOT

represents

DAVFU,

file,

JOB

kill

the

job,

change

LPTSPL

assumes

that

paper

mounted.

You

will

receive

the

LPTI1

Messages

operator's

ACCOUNTING

Where

1is

LBLDAV

Operator

the

locate

REQUEUING

switch.

carriage

LPTSPL

appear

?LPTAWN

FIND

The

following

messages

from

console.

DONE

one

msg

the

following

two

messages:

LPTSPL

?LPTCAF

SYSTEM

SERVICES

NO PRIVILEGES The
the FACT file, and

operator

DAEMON

The

DAEMON

must

started

NOT

entries

written

CAN'T ACCESS
LPTSPL

FILE

one

CODE

error

nnn
of

Xxx

the

FACT.SYS

write

has

not

been

operator

allow

file.

XxxX

looking

are

error

privileges

program
by

nnn -

while

and

the

codes

the

code

file

number

listed

was

and

text

the

Monitor

manual.

CAN'T CHANGE
The

into

filename,

print.

respectively

Calls

encountered

trying

$LPTCCF

RUNNING

initialized.

has

FORMS

operator

IN THE

issued

processed.

MIDDLE

FORMS

Type

PAUSE

NOT

SUPPORTED

OF A JOB

command

and

while

wait

for

the

job

was

current

being

job

completed.

3LPTCCL

CCL

ENTRY

LPTSPL

does

increment

?LPTCFA

CAN'T

was

file must

CANNOT

support

1).

FIND ALIGN

LPTSPL

$LPTCFD

not

FIND

CCL

treated

FILE:

filename

the

unable

find

entry

(i.e.,

standard

specified

RUN

with

RUN.

alignment

file.

The

SYS:.

DEFAULT

VFU

FILE

FOR

dev,

HARDWARE

VFU

DEFAULT

LPTSPL

can't find the default VFU file
and
VFU instead.
The operator should
place the printer on 1line.

hardware
and

3LPTCFV

CANNOT

FIND VFU

LPTSPL cannot
If
the
file
LPFORM.INI

[LPTCPC

CLEARING

The

?LPTDDE

DEVICE

dev

The

was

device
device

not

1issued

DOES

specified

that

AND

PAUSE

JOB
for
job

the
device.
or change the

reference.

COMMANDS]

command

were
and

DAVFU

1loading
the
the forms

other

continues

while

LPTSPL

commands

was

pending.

processing.

EXIST

designation

assigned

REQUEING

"START"
there

command(s)

NOT

dev,

remove

RESET,

and

the

FOR

specified DAVFU file
available, kill the

EXIT,

started
clears

the
not

entry

PENDING

LPTSPL

The

find
1is

file

operator

already

filename

1is

realign

this

the

START

was

job.

typed

command

does

incorrectly

not
or

the

exist.
device

SYSTEM

?LPTDIS

DEVICE

dev

SERVICES

SPOOLED

The device specified in the START command
can write only on physical devices.

3$LPTEWL

ERROR WRITING

LOG

FILE,

STATUS

[LPTFAF

LOG

formsname FORMS ARE

FORMS

it was

trying

to write

out

FROZEN]

the operator

that the

PARAMETER FILE

LPTSPL can't
default

?LPTFSD

LPTSPL

file.

Informs

s LPTFPM

spooled.

nnn

LPTSPL encountered an error while
the

find

specified

LPFORM.INI

the

forms are now frozen.

MISSING

LPFORM.INI

file

and

will

use

the

values.

FILE SKIPPED DUE TO

I/O ERRORS,

STATUS

nnn

LPTSPL,
skipped
the
file
it
was
processing
because
it
encountered
too
many
I/O
errors.
The allowable number of
error recoveries ($LPTIDE), before this message is issued, 1is
a
conditional assembly parameter of LPTSPL and is set by the
system administrator.
The default number is five,

2LPTICA

ILLEGAL

COMMAND

The argument
for

$LPTIDE

this

ARGUMENT

arg

is either misspelled or

is not a valid

argument

command.

INPUT DATA

ERROR

nnn,

RECOVERY ATTEMPTED

An error was encountered while LPTSPL was reading the file
was trying to output.
The nnn reflects the I/O status.

$LPTLAS

LPTSPL

IS ALREADY START'ED ON dev

The operator
already

[LPTLIR

LPTSPL

issued a START command

running

device

that

was

LPTSPL.

RESET ON

dev]

The copy of LPTSPL that was processing on another device
has
been
RESET
on
the
specified device by the operator and is
awaiting

[LPTLVF

a new START command.

LOADING VFU

This message
DAVFU

filename

dev]

informs the operator

file filename

into

that LPTSPL

the device dev.

is loading

the

SYSTEM

[LPTLWP

LPTSPL WILL

PAUSE AT

The operator
the
middle
WHAT

[LPTSIS

END OF

JOB]

issued a PAUSE command to LPTSPL while it was 1in
of
a job.
This message occurs 1in response to a

command.

SPOOLER IS
This

SERVICES

STOP'ED OR PAUSE'ING]

message

output

response

the

WHAT

operator

command.

$LPTURC

cmd

The

operator

?LPTVFE

VFU

UNRECOGNIZED

issued

ERROR ON

dev,

COMMAND

command

PLEASE

that

REALIGN

unknown

THE

WAITING FOR

formsname

FORMS

LPTSPL.

FORMS

The device dev had a
format
error
1in
printer is now off-line.
Reset forms to
before turning printer on-line.

[LPTWFF

the
DAVFU
and
the
top-of-form position

MOUNTED]

The
spooler
is
waiting
for
the
operator
to
mount
the
specified forms.
The operator must change the forms and type
GO.
This message is output in response to the WHAT
operator
command.

[LPTWFS

WAITING

FOR A START COMMAND]

The

operator must issue a START command to
begin
processing.
This message is output
WHAT operator command.

4.5.2

to
the

SPROUT

SPROUT,

all

cause
LPTSPL
in response to

the

files

spooling processor

queued

spooled

for

output,

output

a program

devices

other

that

handles

than the line

printer;
both those submitted
through
QUEUE
and
spooled
requests
generated
by
user
programs.
The
spooled devices for which SPROUT
processes files are the paper-tape punch,
the
card
punch,
and
the
plotter.
Once
SPROUT
1is
running,
QUASAR,
the master controller,
handles the scheduling of jobs to be processed.

Your primary responsibilities are to start up one or
more
copies
of
SPROUT to process output files on appropriate devices;
adjust various
system parameters when necessary to ensure optimum system performance;
monitor
the
supply
of tape, cards, and/or plotter paper;
attend to
jams in the devices;
and, distribute the output if it is the practice
at your

installation

for

the

operator

so.

One or more copies of SPROUT are usually brought up automatically (via
the OPR.ATO file, Section 4.1.1.2) when the TOPS-10 monitor is loaded.
If it becomes necessary to start SPROUT
manually,
you
may
use
the
procedure(s) given below.
Remember that a separate SPROUT job must be
loaded and started for each type of spooled output device.
You cannot
have files queued to more than one type of output device running under
a

single

copy

SPROUT.
4-43

SYSTEM

If OPSER is
type one or

not
more

*:SLOG

and

already
of the

running,

subjob

! :DEF

CP=

give

the

subjob

!CP-R

SPROUT

load

SPROUT

when

log

SPROUT

prompts

start

the

*:SLOG

and

slash,

start

plotter

the

1,2

log

give

this

!PL-R

SPROUT

load

SPROUT

Should
any
inoperative,
card

prompts

with

spooler

the

down

you

the

name

type

plotter

of
the
spooled
devices
output can be diverted to
goes

Next,

subjob

slash,

start

punch

name

R OPSER.

type

another

PL=

SPROUT

the

card-punch

| :DEF

when

by typing
to OPSER.

spooler:

!PL-PLOT

the

with

!CP-CARDS

start it up
procedures

following

1,2

SERVICES

spooler

supported
by
magnetic tape.

can

type

the

for

the

card

SPROUT
become
For example, if

following:

*CP-R SPROUT
!CP-CARDS

MTAQ:=CDPO:

and the card images intended
magnetic tape device 0.
For

punch

will

diverted

additional information, including error procedures, refer
to
the
chapter
in
the
"GALAXY
Operations
and
System Programming

SPROUT

Procedures"

4.5.2.1

can

the

SPROUT

appear

?SPOAWN

Operator

the

msg

WILL

represents

fact

DAEMON

file,

NOT

DONE

one
The

RUNNING

SPROUT

FILE

CAN'T
The

CHANGE

operator

processed.

DAEMON

started

into

error

output.

FORMS
issued
Type

has

IN
a

THE

from

two

SPROUT

messages:

privileges

program

write

and

looking

xxx

error

MIDDLE

completed.

4-44

has

not

been

operator

allow

file.

nnn=xxx

while

command

and

the

FACT.SYS

the

FORMS

PAUSE

the

CODE

nnn

text respectively of one
Monitor Calls manual.

tSPOCCF

following

The

filename,

encountered

attempting

the

written

ACCESS

messages

msg

must

entries
CAN'T

operator

following

and

initialized.

The

terminal.

NOT

PRIVILEGES

the
2.

Messages

operator's

ACCOUNTING

Where

?SPOCAF

Software Notebooks.

wait

refer

the

codes

file

the

was

number

1listed

and
the

JOB

while
for

the

Jjob
current

was
job

being
to

SERVICES

SYSTEM

$SPOCCL

CCL

ENTRY

SUPPORTED

NOT

SPROUT
does
not
support
CCL
entry
(i.e.,
RUN
It is treated as a standard RUN.
increment of 1).

with

[SPOCPC

CLEARING
PENDING
EXIT,
RESET,
AND
PAUSE
COMMANDS!]
The
operator
1issued
a START class command while the spooler was
already STARTed and there were other commands
pending.
The
spooler clears the command(s) and continues processing.

?2SPODDE

DEVICE

dev DOES

NOT

EXIST

The device specified in the start-class command (i.e., CARDS,
PLOT,
or
TAPE) does not exist;
either because it was typed
this
to
assigned
incorrectly or because the device was not
job.

?SPODIS

DEVICE

dev

SPOOLED

The device specified in the start-class command (i.e., CARDS,
SPROUT can write only on physical
PLOT, or TAPE) is spooled.
devices.

[SPOFAF

formsname FORMS ARE FROZEN!]

Informs the operator that the specified forms are now frozen.

?SPOFLE

FORMS LIMIT EXCEEDED ON DEVICE dev

file

SPROUT has processed a
exceeded

2SPOFSD

device

which

has

Just

its output forms limit.

FILE SKIPPED DUE TO I/0O ERRORS,

STATUS nnn

it
because
it was processing
file
the
skipped
SPROUT
The allowable number of
errors.
I/O
many
too
encountered
error recoveries (%$SPOIDE) before this message is issued is a
of SPROUT and is set by the
parameter
assembly
conditional
The default number is five.
system administrator.
?2SPOICA

ILLEGAL

COMMAND

ARGUMENT

arg

The argument is either misspelled or is not a valid
for

3$SPOIDE

this

argument

command.

INPUT DATA ERROR nnn,

RECOVERY ATTEMPTED

An error was encountered while SPROUT was reading the file it
The nnn reflects the I/0 status.
was trying to output.
?SPOODE

OUTPUT DEVICE

ERROR ON

dev,

STATUS

nnn

An error was encountered while SPROUT was trying to write
the

specified device.

SYSTEM

tSPORUU

REQUEST
An

output

not

$SPOSAS

SPROUT

UNIMPLEMENTED

request

available

The

[SPOSIS

USES

was

the

ALREADY

operator
TAPE)

SERVICES

queued

that

current

STARTED

issued

when

FORMAT

SPROUT

specified

version

option

that

SPROUT.

dev!]

start-class
was already

command

(i.e.,

processing

CARDS,

the

PLOT,

device.

SPOOLER IS STOP'ED OR PAUSE'ING]
This

message

output

response

the

WHAT

operator

command.

[SPOSIR

SPROUT
The

copy

been

RESET ON

dev]

of SPROUT

which

RESET

awaiting

new

the

was

processing

operator

start-class

the

command

another

specified

(i.e.,

device

CARDS,

has

and

PLOT,

is
or

TAPE)
.

[SPOSWP

SPROUT WILL
The

operator

the

middle

the

[SPOWFF

WHAT

WAITING

PAUSE AT
issued
of

operator

FOR

END OF
a

PAUSE

job.

spooler
1is
specified forms.,
GO.
This message

command

This

message

SPROUT

while

output

was

response

command.

formsname

The

JOB!]

FORMS

waiting
for
The operator
is output in

MOUNTED!]

the
operator
to
mount
the
must change the forms and type
response to the WHAT
operator

command.

[SPOWFS

WAITING
The

FOR START-CLASS

operator

PLOT,

message

4.6

INPUT

SPRINT

input

SPOOLER

must

issue

COMMAND!
]
a

start-class

TAPE)

cause

SPROUT

output

response

command

the

begin

WHAT

(i.e.,

operator

which

reads

BATCON

input

any
sequential
queue.
Normally

the

input stream is from a card reader, but
disk
and
can be handled.
SPRINT analyzes the input stream
spooler control cards (column 1=§) and processes them.

magnetic
tape
card reader
The
remaining

also

cards

are

creates

into

this

copied

SPRINT

may

subjob

the

various

job's

file.

either by means
intervention.

This

command.

(SPRINT)

is a DECsystem-10 system program
stream
and
enters jobs into the

SPRINT

CARDS,

processing.

LOG

Other

files

for

and

enters

may

file

information

wuser

control

cards

processing

for
by

the

report

entered

into

means

user

job.

processing

this

file

operator

—

run

either

OPSER.

directly-controlled

timesharing

job

SYSTEM SERVICES

To start SPRINT running as a timesharing job,

type:

SPRINT

to which SPRINT responds with:

To start SPRINT running as an OPSER

subjob,

type

the

following

OPSER:

*:SLOG 1,2
*:DEF S=
*:S-R SPRINT

OPSER responds with the timestamp
lThh:mm(S)

followed by SPRINT's

response

When SPRINT responds with a slash, SPRINT is ready to receive commands
The following sample of console log
from the operator's console.
output is the result of loading and starting SPRINT and then querying
its status. The SPRINT commands are described in detail below.
operator command to load SPRINT

1S-R SPRINT

113:20(S)

OPSER timestamp

1S-START
113:20(S)

operator command to start SPRINT
OPSER timestamp

1S-WHAT

SPRINT

SPRINT prompt

operator command to query subjob

113:21(S)

SPRINT
!

prompt

OPSER timestamp

IDLE ON CDRO SPRINT response
SPRINT prompt

The START command tells SPRINT to begin processing.
START

command

The format of the

is:

START

dev:filename.ext

If the entire argument is omitted, the command /START is interpreted
If only the filename and extension are typed, the
as /START CDR:.
command /START MYFILE.SPT is interpreted as /START DSK:MYFILE.SPT.
the
input;
for
devices
three
SPRINT specifically supports
card-reader, magnetic tape and disk. Each of the three input devices
is handled differently with respect to input mode and in response to
end-of-file as described in Table 4-4.

SYSTEM

Input

Device

Mode

CDR

Super-Image

SERVICES

Table 4-4
Device Characteristics

Response To

Tries

found,

EOF

read

sleeps

for

job.

none

seconds,

and

tries

again.

MTA

ASCII

Waits for another START command.

DSK

ASCII

Waits

SPRINT

responds

all

for

commands

another

with

START

either

command.

slash

(/)

exclamation
point (!).
A slash is used when SPRINT is not processing
and is awalting operator input.
An exclamation
point
1is
wused
when
SPRINT is processing a job but is also waiting for a type-in.
Before

the

each

card,

presence

SPRINT processes
the
command).

lines)

disk

using

block,

operator

tape

block

command.

read,

it immediately (except as noted
You
may
continue
a command on

the

standard

continuation

SPRINT

command

has

checks

been

in the description of
a subsequent line (or

character,

the

hyphen

the
1last non-TAB, non-space, or non-comment character on the
lines) to be continued.
SPRINT responds
to
a
continuation
number
sign
(#)
prompt.
The
following
sequence
of

illustrates

the

use

the

continuation

for

typed,

(-)

line (or
with
a
commands

character;

/START DSKB:INPUT.#SPT[77,77]

4.6.1

The

SPRINT

Commands

commands

are:

COMMAND

DESCRIPTION

EXIT (See

note

monitor

takes

effect

Continue

HELP

Type

Kill

KILL(See

note

Set

this

list

the

current

abc

Controls

job

now

the
a

This

command

current

job.

STOP
and

and

job

allowable

end

which

commands

subsequent

the

level.

end

PAUSE

the

maximum

all

effect
MSGLVL

until

the

for

the

after

stream
MCORE

command

command.

their

flush

actions.

the

input

encountered.

core

1limit

jobs.

This

command

the

current

job.

messages

SPRINT

takes

types

the

stopped

1in

the

operator.

Note

1l:

middle

this

job,

command

will

issued

cause

while

SPRINT

automatic

GO.

SYSTEM

SERVICES

DESCRIPTION
Q
]

O Kk-HO

COMMAND

Type

short messages

Type

long

messages

o
I

Suppress 'user error

to operator.
to

operator.

cards.

WNOHODN

Type the first fatal error card of
the job.
Type each error card.
Do not type any cards to the operator.
Type each $JOB card.
Type each $ card.
Type

all

cards.

The default is 100 (type long messages
not type user errors or cards.)
PAUSE

Pause at

RESET (See note 1)

Re-initialize

effect

the end of

the current

SPRINT.

This

as CTRL/C CTRL/C START

This command
current job.

is delayed to

the

but do

job.
has

the

same

("C "C START).
end

the

START

Start SPRINT processing.
This
command
may
not be typed once SPRINT has begun processing
unless a RESET is typed first and no jobs are
active.

STOP

Stop reading immediately and wait for further
commands.
The
GO
command
will
cause
processing to continue with no 111 effects.
msg

TELL

WHAT

4.6.2

The

SPRINT

following

$SPTAWN

Operator

ACCOUNTING

Gives

job.

the

the current status of the

the SPRINT diagnostic

WILL NOT

msg

represents one of

the

fact

the

Messages

NO PRIVILEGES

file,

DONE

- The

operator

and error messages.

following

two messages:

has no privileges

write

and

DAEMON NOT RUNNING - The DAEMON
program
has
not
been
initialized.
It
must
be
started
by the operator to
allow entries to be written into the FACT.SYS file.

BAD

(msg)

a list of

Where msg

?SPTBFA

This command places the message
current job's LOG file.

FORMAT

FOR

ACCOUNTING

FILE

The accounting file ACCT.SYS is not in a
format
understood
by
SPRINT.
SPRINT
only recognizes ACCT.SYS formats 2, 3,
and

while
SPRINT
1: If this command is issued
middle of a job, it will cause an automatic GO.

Note

4-49

1is

stopped

1in

the

SYSTEM

2SPTCCC

CAN'T CREATE
SPRINT
msg

CTL OR LOG
unable

represents

message

section

SERVICES

FILE

create

one

- msg
either

the

control

messages

Commands

CAN'T CLEAR UFD

when

creating

SPRINT

invoked
and

3$SPTCCL

CCL

ENTRY

SPRINT

$SPTCDI

DEVICE

dev

Input

for

NOT

?SPTCER

support

that

(e.g.,

requested

COMMAND

give

ERROR

CARD-MOTION

card

interlock

about

this

user's

afterwards.

problem.

CCL

entry

treated

(i.e.,

RUN

standard

RUN.

with

the

device

the

specified

example,

input

may

can

only

output,

START

have

been

such

requested

the

LPT:).

amount

RETYPE

core

the

command

that

the

monitor

was

not

read

RESET

LINE

error

ERROR

CAN'T OPEN THE
OPEN

it,

syntax

was
the

string.

CDRn

correctly.

button

the

Reset
card

the

1last

card

and

reader.

DISK

call

device

DSK

serious

failed.
monitor

This

1is

generally

problem.

CAN'T READ ACCOUNTING FILE
SPRINT

encountered

accounting
DOUBLE

file.

categories

the central processor will

be discussed

under

failures.

Failures

due

software

errors

Failures

due

to malfunctions

Failures

due

a hostile

the

hardware

environment.

The auto-reload feature of the DECsystem-10 will automatically
reload
the
system
after
a system failure (crash) if the system has been up
for at least five minutes.
The usual procedure, if
possible,
1is
to
record
the
system
as
it
appeared
at the time of failure and then
reload
the
previously
1loaded
monitor.
System—-to-operator
dialog
provides
you
with
the opportunity to load a different monitor or to
change
system
parameters
via
the
start-up
options
of
the
ONCE
procedure.
(See the ONCE specification in the Software Notebooks.)

For installations where there may be no operator
coverage
at
times,
there
1is a 60-second timeout after the first restart question.
If no
answer has been received, the system assumes (and records on the
CTY)
the

default

The crash

answers

file

the ONCE

(a copy of

the

procedure.

system at

the time

failed)

always

written
to
the
same area;
if you wish to save this information,
must be copied to another area before the system crashes again.

If the

system crashes twice

automatically

reloaded.

within

five

minutes,

will

not

SYSTEM

6.1.1

Software

PROCEDURES

Errors

Software errors
l.

RECOVERY

fall

Errors

into three general categories:

detected

the

TOPS-10

monitor,

resulting

the

RSX-20F

front-end monitor

STOPCD

messages

Errors

Hung

job

6.1.1.1
the

XXX
error

the

than

CTY

Error

executes

ERROR.

number

mnemonic

messages

TOPS-10

Stop)

scheduler

cannot

run

any

job.

When

STOPCD

and

STOPCODE

the

CPU

the

macro,

descriptions

the
is

The

containing

NAME

identifying

Notebooks.

module

the

null

monitor

which

detects

produces

message

form:

MONITOR

Software

monitor

the

where

the

(Monitor

error,

?2CPUn

where

conditions

other

STOPCD

internal
at

detected

that

error.

part

1list

the

xxX

A
the

also

STOPCD

executed

the

complete

list

STOPCD

the

and

STOPCD

specification

1includes

and

STOPCD

the

type

name
or

the

severity

classification.
There
are

are

four

DEBUG,

recovery

types

JOB,

STOPCDs;

STOP,

and

HALT.

increasing

All

but

the

order
last

severity

initiate

they

automatic

procedures.

DEBUG

condition
system.

1s
The

priority

interrupt

not

immediately

monitor

transmits

1is

harmful
the

in
to

progress,

any

following

job

message

to
to

the
the
the

CTY:

?2CPUn

MONITOR

CONTINUING

and
If

continues.
a

priority

and

counts

JOB

STOPCODE

immediate

interrupt

ERROR.

JOB

operator

2CPUn

and

priority

MONITOR

another

where

The

action

progress,

DEBUG

interrupt

ERROR.

progress,

the current
to the CTY:

STOPCODE

NAME

acts

the

condition

The

monitor

xxx

ERROR;

one

UUO

terminal:

xXxx

LOC

EXEC

LOC

EXEC

CALLED

FROM

EXEC

LOC

EXEC

LOC

EXEC

CALLED

FROM

USER

LOC

aborts

the

current

job

operator

the

user's

USER

then

the

1is

monitor

STOPCD

job.

xxx

immediate

required.

JOB

message

?MONITOR

xxX

STOPCD.

Jeopardizes
the
integrity
of
transmits the following message

?ABORTING

NAME

SYSTEM

following:

action

6-2

required.

and

continues.

SYSTEM

RECOVERY

PROCEDURES

If a priority interrupt is in progress,
like

STOP

STOP - The condition jeopardizes the
as

the

CTY:

whole.

2CPUn
RELOAD

The monitor

MONITOR ERROR.
MONITOR

All jobs are aborted and
. reload of the monitor.

JOB

STOPCD

acts

STOPCD.

integrity of the

transmits

the

STOPCODE

NAME

the

system

following message

xXxX

initiates

automatic

HALT - The condition is so serious that the entire system
1is
affected
and
the
monitor cannot be reloaded automatically.
The system halts, requiring that
you
manually
perform
the
CRASH procedures as described in Section 6.1.1.4.
Note, however, that you
will
be
required
to
perform
the
entire
CRASH
procedure
very
infrequently,
only
when the
system cannot recover
on
1its
own.
(Refer
to
the
CRASH
specification
in
the
Software
Notebooks
for
a
detailed
explanation

the

procedures.)

In addition, if the monitor can
determine
the
information,
the following messages are also printed on the CTY:
JOB

TTYxxx

RUNNING

xxxxXxX

UUO IS xxxxxxxxxxxx AT USER
FILE dev:file.ext[p,pn]

They will

help you determine

the

XXXXXX

user

causing

the

problem.

6.1.1.2
RSX-20F Detected Errors - Nearly
all
the
error
conditions
that are not covered by the STOPCDs in Section 6.1.1.1 are detected by
RSX-20F, the console front-end monitor.
Some
of
the
following
are
caused
by
hardware
errors,
some
by software errors, and others by
environmental
Hardware

conditions.

Errors:

CLOCK ERROR STOP

A serious hardware

E-BUS

An E-Bus parity error

PARITY ERROR

the

DEPOSIT EXAMINE

FAILURE

KL10

CPU.

failure has
was

detected

CPU.

The front-end software was
in an attempt to examine or
KL10

occurred

unsuccessful
deposit into

memory.

In each of the above error conditions,
the
front
end
reloads
KL10
microcode,
reconfigures
the
cache and main memory, and restarts the
KL10 at octal location 407.
The code at 407 causes
TOPS-10
to
dump
and
reload
itself.
If
the
error
conditions
persist, call Field
Service.
Software

Errors:

TEN HALTED

The KLL10 has executed a HALT
due

6-3

some

other

error

instruction

condition.

SYSTEM

KEEP ALIVE

RECOVERY

CEASED

PROCEDURES

The
"keep
alive"
dialog
between
the
RSX-20F and TOPS-10 monitors senses that
the KL10 is looping and not
functioning
correctly.

For

each of

TOPS-10
Service.
Other

TEN

the above conditions,

monitor

1is

core dump

taken

the problem persists,

and
call

the
Field

Conditions:

REQUESTED RE-BOOT

POWER

a KL10

reloaded.

FAIL

For some reason, the KL10 monitor
to
be
reloaded.
RSX-20F calls
KLINIT routine and takes the BOOT
to the first question.

RESTART

wants
in the
reply

RSX-20F

has restarted
the
system
when
power
was
restored
after
a
power
failure.
The
microcode
1is
reloaded,

cache
and
memory are reconfigured, and
the
system
1is
restarted
at
octal
location 70.
The usual
error
1in

sequence of events that takes place when RSX-20F
senses
an
the
KL10 is to call the KLERR routine to analyze the error

and print

key

system

restart

reload

information.
the

The KLINIT

routine

then

called

system.

When KLINIT attempts to reload after a hardware or software error,
it
passes
control
to
the
<crash restart routine at location 407 of the
KL10.
This routine brings in the bootstrap program BOOTS via the KL1l0
file system and executes
it with the following default command string:
/DKCR>SYSTEM.EXE[1,4]<CR>
However, if the TOPS-10 monitor
had
been
originally
loaded
by
an
explicit
command
to
the bootstrap prompt, this same command will be
substituted for SYSTEM.EXE[1,4].
For example, if you had answered the
bootstrap
prompt
with
DSKN:RK270A[1,2]
instead
of merely typing a
carriage return,
the
auto-reload
procedure
will
use
the
command
string:

/DKCR>DSKN:RK270A.EXE[1,2]
If the 407
the PDP-11
The

start fails,
file system.

following

hardware

DEPOSIT

enter

example

KLINIT

CTY

read

the

output

bootstrap program via

for

one

the

GEN:

000

errors.

EXAMINE

FAILURE

KLERR

VERSION

KLERR

NOT

HALT

LOOP

KLERR

ERROR OTHER

THAN

KLERR
KLERR

---

KL VMA: 000000 133051
PI STATE: ON
, PI ON:

KLERR

EXIT

KLI
KLI

VOO01lB
IN

FROM

RUNNING
CLOCK

ERROR

PC:
175 ,

STOP

000000 133051
PI HLD: 000 ,

KLERR

-- VERSION V003D RUNNING
-- MICROCODE VERSION 131 LOADED

LOGICAL

MEMORY

CONFIGURATION:

ADDRESS

SIZE

RQO

RQ1

RQ2

00000000

128K

FOR

ALL

CONTROLLER

RQ3

CONTYPE

INT

DMA20

6-4

above

SYSTEM

KLI

RECOVERY

PROCEDURES

RESTARTED

BOOTS

DSKN: /D
DSKN:RK270A

6.1.1.3

HUNG Condition - A

hung

condition

exists

when

cannot
run
any
Jjob other than the null job.
When it
that the system is not
doing
any
useful
work,
use
procedure to examine the program counter:
STEP

Control

front-end

PAR>REPEAT

10;EXAMINE

can

attempt

to perform a

crash

PAR>ABORT

407

boot

system via

gets

language

you

into

(PARSER).

the

above.)

the

typing:

processor.

Take a core dump and reload the
monitor
using BOOTS from the KL10 file system.
If

the

command

restart by

Halt

PAR$JUMP

backslash

These PARSER
commands
will
cause
the
contents
of
the
program counter to be
printed 10 times.
Successive values
of
1l
usually
indicate
a
hung condition.
Other values
could
indicate
a
"loop"
condition.
(See KEEP ALIVE CEASED error
message

the

front

"BOOTS"

end

not

output,

you

can

try

follows:

STEP

FUNCTION

Access

the

PARSER

prompted with

PAR>SET CONSOLE

PROG

Set

PAR>RUN KLINIT

KLI--BOOTSTRAP

console

Load

KLI--ENTER DIALOG
KLI>BOOT

[NO,

LOADED

YES,

AND

and

to programmer

start

EXIT, BOOT]?
Answering "BOOT"
will
load
the
start it.

monitor
loaded.
from the
set

mode.

STARTED

filename

already

to the
first
question
bootstrap
program
and

<CR>

now want

not

the KLINIT dialog.

This
will
cause
a
written out to disk.

may

PAR>.

You

scheduler

FUNCTION

You

the

appears to you
the
following

the

carriage

console

6-5

return will

core

cause

dump

the

default

from
SYSTEM.EXE[1l,4]
to
be
A filename will load a monitor
specified file.

back

operator

mode.

SYSTEM

6.1.1.4

Crash

Restart

the

switch

SYS:CRASH.EXE.

overlays
the

one

the
shown

the
system
performed on

first.
below,

RECOVERY

Procedure

BOOTS,

the

another

Whenever

dump data

<crash

Therefore,
to

PROCEDURES

core

dump

taken

via

stored

the

system

file

dump

data

follows,

you

preserve

should

and

the

augment

second

a procedure,

crash

data

programmer
when debugging the problem.
the CTY while logged in under [1,2].

STEP

such

use

following

for

The

the

FUNCTION

.COPY

XPN:SERnnn.EXE<K055>=SYS:CRASH.EXE

This will create a
copy
of
the
crash
data
just
dumped
and
store it in the
crash library, usually area [10,1].
nnn
is the number of the SER (Software Error
Report)

.ASSIGN

DSK

.SYS

SYS:CRASH

LPT

Assign

form.

the

LPT
SYSTAT.TXT

Deassign

.PRINT

know

the

value

name

LPT

the

DSK.

This causes the SYSTAT program
to
1look
at
the
CRASH.EXE
file
on
§SY¥S: and
produce a SYSTAT.TXT file on [1,2].

.DEASSIGN

you

logical

the

LPT from DSK.
the SYSTAT output

the

time

the

information.

crash,

you

can

use

a monitor-specific FILDDT to convert it into the alphanumeric symbolic
value.
To
create
a
monitor-specific
FILDDT,
use
the
following
procedure:
.R

FILDDT

Run

FILDDT

FILE:SYSTEM.EXE/S

Reply to the prompt
with
the
specific
monitor
to
be examined.
(/S loads the
symbols from the file specified.)

FILE: C

Exit to the monitor.

.SAVE

Save
file

FDSYS

Whenever you want to convert
use the following procedure:
.R FDSYS
FILE:<CR>

value

into

Run
FDSYS
prompt with

want
NNNNNNXXXXXX

the monitor-specific
named FDSYS.

Type

to
1in

followed

and
and

look
the

its

FILDDT

symbolic

counterpart,

and
reply
to the
FILE:
<CR> to indicate that
you

the

running

octal

monitor.

value

underscore

(back

the program will respond with
the symbolic value XxxxXxxX.

nnnnnn

arrow)
a
tab

SYSTEM

6.1.2

Hardware

RECOVERY

Errors

The most common hardware crash
This
will
cause
the
system

used

bring

the

problems,

you

reload

system.

the

system

may

have

6.1.2.1

Parity

Error

result

the

monitor,
core,

the

explained

When

parity

out

are

halt.

remain

the

running.

1In

terminal.

situations
error

error

either

The

hardware

assistance

parity

error

the

that

case,

occurs

?EXEC

PAR

the

ERROR

PAR

ERR ON

CPUn

?1MEM

PAR

ERR AT

yyyyyy

CPUn

?1MEM

PAR

ERR AT

yyyyyy

CHANNEL

?nMEM

PAR

ERRS

[prog

name]

the

1in

SYSTEM?

since

enter

yyyyyy

(TYPE

continue
the

<CR>,

the

will

"BOOTS."

Type

crash

dump.

Determine

the

?MEM

[prog
FOR

message

will

are

CTY
PAR

will

HALT,

sound

five

then

and

name]

JOB

[prog

name]

zzzzzz

CPUn

FOR

JOB

in which

memory

bank

<CR>»)

typing

system

with

may

prompted

get

monitor

have
load

the

¥Y;

been
the

parity

however,

seriously
monitor

error

location
typed
out
on
the
CTY
and
from the
interleaving switches.
(See Section 6.1.2.3.)

this

Section

the

not

bootstrap

and

vyou

occurred
memory

from

selection

the
and

remaining
explained

6.1.2.2.)

monitor.

Fill out
logbook.

Case

Memory

Parity

When

parity

one

the

1is

damaged.

Deselect the memory which had the error and reconfigure the
memories.
(The deselection and reconfiguration procedure is

Reload

the

user

messages:

FOR JOB

will

question:

attempt

recommended

FROM

error

monitor,
HALT

?0MEM

below

arise

occurs

steps

merely

Monitor

following

you

the

cases

for

distinct
1If

the

can

other

Service

two

error.

operator

Error

out

CONTINUE

There

up.
Field

followed

You

the result of a memory parity error.
stop.
The procedure below should be

back
call

parity

may

your

Parity

one

is
to

below.

Case

bells,

system will
system

printed

PROCEDURES

Parity

Error

error

following

Error

in User

occurs

messages

(PAR)

form

and

make

five

bells

entry

the

sounded

and

Core

user
is

core,

printed

the

CTY:

are

SYSTEM

RECOVERY

?0MEM

PAR

ERR ON

CPUn

?1MEM

PAR

ERR AT

yyyyyy ON

CPUn

?1MEM

PAR

ERR AT

yyyyyy

CHANNEL

?nMEM

PAR

ERRS

[prog

name]

this

point,

the

FROM

FOR JOB

PROCEDURES

yyyyyy

system

[prog

name]

FOR JOB

name]

zzzzzz

still

[prog

running

CPUn

and

FOR

you

JOB

should

proceed

follows:
l.

the

program

name

jobs,
such
as
that particular
2.

Fill

out

Determine

PAR

the

that

typed

BATCON,
job.
form

and

memory

out

OPSER,

make

bank

was

one

LPTSPL,

entry

which

the

Use
the location typed out on the
memory selection and
interleaving

the

PTPSPL,

operator

etc.,

the

logbook.

parity

error

restart

occurred.

CTY and the
switches.

setting of the
(See
Section

same

memory

the
If

users
not,

6.1.2.3.)

1If

this

the

second

parity

error

the

a
4-hour
period,
use SEND ALL to inform
system will be reloaded in
15
minutes.
system continue running.
5.

the

specified

time,

stop

reconfigure the remaining
reload the system.

the

system,

memories

(See

deselect
Section

the

within

that
1let

the
the

memory,

6.1.2.2),

and

NOTE

Under

certain
conditions,
portions
of
can be dynamically deselected via
the SET MEMORY OFF-LINE command.
These
conditions
are specified in the section
describing the command in Appendix A.

memory

6.1.2.2
an

error

Altering

Your

Memory Configuration

message

will

indicate

that

whole module is unusable due
to
certain conditions you can merely
let

the

have

system

stop

continue
the

module,

and

Setting

Memory Off-line

The

reload

the

described
three

MEMORY

in
the

in Appendix

following

this

reconfigure

isn't

memory

may

times

memory

when

module

possible,
without

the

you

will

affected

command:

OFF-LINE

detail

portion

system.

operator-privileged
SET

There

or a
parity
or
other
problems.
Under
set a portion of memory off-line and

processing.

system,

FROM

conditions

can
are

be
met:

used

providing

that

all

SYSTEM

The

memory

the

resident

After

the

When

off-line

memory

1is

does

not

off-line,
of

"Reasonable

amount"

depends

SET

Consult

MEMORY

Memory

above

contain

the

there

memory

system

left

any

OFF-LINE

that

was

conditions

set

cannot

will
for

portion

command

off-line

still
user

installation's

1is

met,

the

not
interleaved.
memory that is good

(If
and

usage

this.

successful,

not

programs.

administrator

The memory to
be
set
off-line
1is
interleaved
memory
1is set off-line,
usable will also be placed off-line.)

the

set

amount

continues.
If

PROCEDURES

monitor.

reasonable
system.

RECOVERY

the

system

referenced.

proceed

reconfiguring

memories.
Reconfiguring

Memories

ACTION

the

any

bad

part

two

memory

monitor,

EXPLANATION

the

skip

the

Memory occupied by the resident
monitor cannot be set off-line.

steps.

Set

bad memory
line. However,

job

contains

resident

can

memory,

off-

run without
do

make

the
succeed;

not

You are going to attempt an
shutdown in preparation for
figuring memory modules.

try

that

orderly
recon-

command

skip

the

step.

Stop

timesharing.

See

Section

4.1.2.1

for

the

operator-privileged OPSER command
KSYS to stop timesharing at a
specified time. Allow enough time

for those jobs
complete their

Type

~\ on the CTY.

Invoke

the

that can run
processing.

RSX-20F

command

language

PARSER.
PAR>SET

CONSOLE

MAINTENANCE

PAR>RESET

The first command changes
console mode to allow you
the

second

causes

command

master

which

reset

the
to issue
in

turn

the

processor.

Reconfigure

memories.

Deselect
lower

the

bound

switches)

bad

memory,

addresses

get

check

the

(MADR

contiguous

memory,

and correctly set the interleave
switches.
(See Section 6.1.2.3.)
Reload

the

monitor

6.1.2.3

Refer

Memory Selection and
sequentially
assigned
octal

five

memories

note

that

they

would

must

Interleaving

Section

3.3.1.

Memories

are

selected

numbers beginning with 0.
For example,
numbered 0,1,2,3 and 4.
It
1is
important
to
numbered or selected sequentially.
6-9

SYSTEM

This

numbering

memories

RECOVERY

PROCEDURES

effectively

indicates

the

beginning

memory

address
or
lower
bound
address
for
a
particular memory.
In the
example above, if each memory had a capacity of 32K,
memory
0
would
start
with
address
0, memory 1 with address 100000 (a 1 in bit 20),
memory 4 with address 400000 (a 1 in bit 18).
Memories
system

are

run

In memories

pairs

normally

interleaved

because

interleaving

makes

the

faster.

other

fours

rotate

between

would

than

MGl0s

such

that

memories.

between

units

number 4 operating alone.
memories, for example, the

and

MH1l0s

this

consecutive
the

example

and

means

memory

and

that

they

addresses

above,

between

2-way

and

work

alternate

1interleaving

with

memory

1In the case of 4-way interleaving with nine
sets 0-3 and 4-7 would each be interleaved,

with 10 (octal) operating alone.
Only memories of the same
size
and
with
consecutive
addresses starting with an even numbered memory can
be interleaved.
For example, 2-way
interleaving
can
exist
between
memories
0
and
1
but
not between 1 and 2;
4-way interleaving can
exist between 0,1,2, and 3 but not between 1,2,3, and 4.
Interleaving in MGl0s and MH10s
1is
somewhat
different.
For
MG1lO0s
2-way
1interleaving
1is
available
within
a single cabinet and 4-way
interleaving between two cabinets.
However,
the
units
or
<cabinets
must
still contain equal amounts of storage.
For MH1l0s, either 2-way
or 4-way interleaving is available within a single cabinet.
The

panel
selection,

containing

the

and

inside

door

memory.

MF10

Memory

In an
each
octal

the

the
switches
that
control
1interleaving
of memories is located

front

controls the interleaving and one switch
deselects the memory.
To
deselect
an

memory,
the operator should put all four
position.
The address switch settings of
identical in any one memory.

the

MF1l0 there are four groups of identical switches, one group
for
port.
Each group has a set of seven switches that determine the
number of the memory to be selected.
There is also
one
switch

in
each
group
that
group that selects or

number ing,

MF10

memory

being

used

with

5.06,
and
you
deselect
a
bank
numbered one, you must renumber the

in each
entire
select switches into the DES
all selected groups must
be

version

of
memory
memories to

TOPS-10

earlier

other than
eliminate

than

the highest
the
hole.

If
after
deselecting a memory, in the case of a 2-way interleave, an
even number of memories remain, they
will
all
be
interleaved.
If
there
1s
an odd number of memories, all but the last, or high order,

memory will

(no

the

NORM

interleaved.

The

interleaving)

high

order

memory

should

switched

position.

Example:

The system configuration consists
of
0-11.
Memory number 5 is deselected.
memory

now
be
(odd)
.

number

switched

become

The following
table
MF10-As (32K each) up

number

the NORM

position

indicates
256K.

the

(octal)

The operator
Memory number

because

switch

memories
would now
10

settings

the

numbered
reselect

(octal)

must

ninth

memory

for

numbering

SYSTEM

MF10-A

(32K)

RECOVERY

PROCEDURES

Table 6-1
Address

Memory

MADR
Memory

Address

MF10

No.

Switch

Settings

switches
17

000000

0777717

100000

177777

200000

277777

300000

377777

400000

477777

500000

577777

600000

677777

700000

777777

The following
table
MF10-Gs (64K each) up

MF10-G

1indicates
512K.

the

switch

(64K)

Table 6-2
Memory Address

MADR
Memory

Address

settings

for

numbering

MF10

No.

Switch

Settings

switches

1IGN

0000000

0177777

IGN

0200000

0377777

IGN

0400000

0577777

IGN

0600000

0777777

IGN

1000000

1177777

IGN

1200000

1377777

IGN

1400000
160G000

1577777

0
0

IGN

0
0

1777777

IGN

1
1

The

following

noninterleaved

table

indicates

and

interleaved

MF1l0

the

switch

settings

operation.

Table 6-3
Interleave Switch

Settings

MADR

switches

Mode

Normal
2-way

NORM
NORM

NORM
INTL

4-way

INTL

MFl0

for

SYSTEM

MG10

and MH10

RECOVERY

PROCEDURES

Memories

In an MG10 or MH10, there is only one group of seven switches used
to
number
the
memory,
but
there
are eight switches to determine port
selection, because there are eight ports per memory.
Each port switch
can
be
set
for either the KI/KL or KA processor, or the port can be
deselected.

There are also switches that enable the deselection of specific
banks
of
memory.
The initial bank switch settings for various memory sizes
are

given

the

table

below.

MG1l0

and MH10

6-4

Table

Memory Bank Selection

Memory Bank Switches
ON

LINE

1
1
1

0
1
1

0
0
1

MG10

MH10

Memory

Size

0
0
1

32K
64K
128K

64K
128K
256K

0=0OFF

LINE
(deselected)

1=ON

LINE
(selected)

If a hardware problem arises, any bank can be deselected by setting
a
bank
switch OFF LINE.
Deselected banks are logically placed into the
highest core in the cabinet, while other
previously
higher
portions
are pushed down, so that no hole appears in the address base
within a cabinet.
Also, interleaving switches may have to
be
reset.
For
example,
a
128K
cabinet
with
32K
deselected cannot be 4-way
interleaved with another

128K

cabinet.

The following table indicates the memory address switch
settings
for
numbering MG10
and
MH10
memories
of various sizes.
Note that the
lower bound address or beginning address of an MGl0 memory can only be
0
or
a multiple of 32K and that of an MH10 memory can only be 0 or a
multiple

64K.

MG10-A

(32K)

6-5

Table

Memory Address Switch Settings

MADR Switches

Memory Address

000000
100000
200000
300000
400000
500000
600000
700000

077777
277777
277777
377777
477777
577777
677777
777777

Memory No.

15 16

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

O
o
O
O
O
o
O
O

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
O
0
O
O
O
0

o0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1

0
0
1
1
0
o0
1
1

0
0
0
0
0
0
o0
0

SYSTEM

RECOVERY

Table

MG1l0-G

MH10-G

(64K)

6-5

PROCEDURES

(Cont.)

Memory Address Switch

Settings

MADR Switches
Memory Address

Memory No.

0000000

0177777

0200000
0400000
0600000

0377777
0577777
0777777

1
2
3

o
o
o

0
0
0

o
1
1

1
0
1

0
0
0

1000000
1200000
1400000
1600000

1177777
1377777
1577777
1777777

4
5
6
7

o
o
o
o

0
0
0
0

1
1
1
1

0
0
1
1

0
1
0
1

O
O
O
0

MG10-H

(128K)

MH10-H

Memory Address
MADR

Memory Address

Switch

Settings

Switches

Memory NoO.

0000000
0400000
1000000

0377777
0777777
1377777

0
1
2

o
o
o

o
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
1

o0
1
0

0
0
0

0O
O
o0

1400000
2000000
2400000
3000000
3400000

1777777
2377777
2777777
3377777
3777777

3
4
5
6
7

o
o
o
o
o

0
0
0
0
0

0
1
1

1
0
0
1
1

1
0
1
0
1

0
0
0
0
0

O
O
O
O
O

MH10-L

(256K)

1
1

Memory Address

Switch Settings

MADR Switches

Memory Address
0000000
1000000
2000000
3000000
4000000
5000000
6000000
7000000

Memory No.

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o

0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1

0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1

0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

O
O
0
O
O
0
O
O

0777777
1777777
2777777
3777777
4777777
5777777
6777777
7777777

Table 6-6 indicates the
interleaved

and

switch

noninterleaved

settings

operation.

Table

MG1l0

and MH10

6-6

Interleave

Switch Settings

MADR Switches
Mode

MG1l0

Normal

NORM

2-way
4-way

NORM
INTL

INTL
INTL

6-13

MH10

for

SYSTEM

Note

RECOVERY

PROCEDURES

that

any MG1l0 or MH10 can be 2-way interleaved, any MH10
1interleaved, and any two consecutively numbered MGl0's

4-way

size (word storage) can be 4-way
4-way interleave two 96K MGlO0's,
96K MG1l0
256K.

must

indicate

lower

can
be
of equal

interleaved, with one provision.
To
the MADR switch settings of the first

bound

address

multiple

It is imperative that the operator become proficient in this procedure
of
numbering,
selecting, and interleaving memories.
Needless system
downtime may result from operator ineptness in this task.

6.1.3

The

Environmental

causes

Errors

environmental

fluctuations,

power

accidental

spills,

detectable

before

crashes

outages,

are

varied.

temperature

mechanical
<cause

shocks,
etc.
the
system to

they

failure of the air conditioning system would be
temperature.
Others, like power failures, will

Whenever possible,
these
conditions
can

power

Power

and

failures

fluctuations

you
are

<can

Some

1include

power

water

leaks,

of
these
are
For example, a

crash.

noticed by the rise in
occur without warning.

should perform an orderly shutdown
1if
any
imminent.
When the situation is rectified,

reload

and

They

extremes,

the

of
you

system.

classified

prolonged

1into

outages.

two

These

categories:

are

discussed

short

separately

below.
1In either situation, a power failure detection circuit
senses
the
1mpending
conditions
and
initiates
a power failure interrupt.
This interrupt triggers the operation of a program that saves the
PC,

flags, mode
processor.
of

time.
equipment,
shutdown.

6.1.3.1

information, and fast memory
This allows the system to be

registers;
it then halts the
restarted in a minimum amount
strategically
placed
within
the

Temperature
sensors,
detect
high
temperature
conditions
This, also, initiates the power failure

Power

Fluctuation

Power

fluctuations

and
cause
power
interrupt sequence.

are

variations

line

voltage
that occur over a short space of time.
Although the power is
not lost completely, the system will probably go through an
automatic
restart procedure.
If the restart is unsuccessful, do the following:
1.

Check

the

disk

retracted.
attempt

Check

all

they

load

the

other

the
unit.
fails notify
3.

drives

and

have

visually
not,

that

Field

the

heads

Service

and

have

not

system.

equipment

make

If
not,
attempt
Field Service.

sure

that

power

there

the

power

unit.

this

necessary, reload the monitor.
(Refer to Section
3.3.1).
If
the
monitor
won't
1load, check the various controllers;
clear them if necessary (see the System Reference
Manual
1in
the Software Notebooks), and try
If this still fails, notify your

6.1.3.2

ensure

notify

Power

completely.

Outage

You

must

power

now

outage

take

to reload the
supervisor.

means

that

precautionary

the

steps

monitor

again.

power

drops

before

the

out

power

SYSTEM RECOVERY PROCEDURES

comes back on.
pieces

The sudden surge of power may prove harmful to certain

equipment.

Turn the START/STOP switch
on
all
disk
pack
drives
to
the
STOP
position and visually ensure that the heads have retracted completely.
I1f

they have

the

drives.

POWERING

THE

not,

notify Field Service and do not

SYSTEM

DOWN

AND

attempt

to power

Most of the system hardware can be powered down or up by pressing
the
POWER
switch
on
the console.
However, all pieces of hardware to be
controlled in such manner must have their LOCAL/REMOTE switch
1in
the
REMOTE

6.2

position during operation.

FRONT-END

PROCESSOR RECOVERY

categories
two
1into
fall
front-end processors
The DECsystem-10
The console/diagnostic front-end takes care of
usage.
to
according
The
diagnostics.
system
and
interface
system operator
the
<care of local and remote stations and
take
front-ends
communication
terminals.

the
on
also
Front-end error recovery is based not only on usage but
The console/diagnostic and
the KL processor.
to
interface
of
type
1interface
integrated data
the
use
DN87S communications front-ends
The DC75NP, DN85, and
memory and I1/0 buses.
the
access
to
(DTE20)
to
DN87 communications front ends use the DL10 communications channel
connect to the memory and I/0O buses.

error

Front-end

recovery

will

discussed

under

the

following

headings:

6.2.1

Console/Diagnostic Front End

DTE20-Interfaced Communications Front Ends

DL10-Interfaced Communications Front Ends.

Console/Diagnostic Front End

Whenever the KL processor senses that the console

front

end

1is

not

alive" count not being incremented), it checks to see
("keep
running
ends
front
of
reloading
automatic
if DTELDR is running and if the
a switch function of DTELDR, the
1is
/AUTO
effect.
1in
1is
(/AUTO)
processor
program that dumps and loads front ends connected to the KL
via a DTE20

interface.

If DTELDR is

running

and

/AUTO

1is

1in

effect,

the

processor

front-end loader program.
appropriate
the
activates
electronically
Also, unless you include the /NODUMP switch in the DTELDR command, the
memory is dumped to a file DSK:DTEDOO.BIN (.B0O, .BOl, etc.
front-end
1in
The front-end bootstrap is then loaded and
for successive dumps).
The KL processor then ensures that
the RSX-20F monitor.
loads
turn,
the front end is running by checking the "keep alive" count.

as
To enable the automatic reloading of the console front end as well
OPR.ATO
your
to
job
following
the
add
ends,
front
communications
any
file:
6-15

SYSTEM

: SLOG
:DEF

;1o0g
DTE=

DTE-R

DTELDR

DTE-/AUTO
If

the

auto-reload

stopped

[1,2]

running,

and
.R

RECOVERY

bring

;load

the

;start

can

the

DTELDR

subjob
the

not

run

name

DTELDR

with

enabled,
from

front

end

;1load

DTE
program

the

DTELDR

console

* /RELOAD: 0

feature
you

;give

PROCEDURES

auto-reload
or

any

the

option

DTE

terminal

subjob

logged

has
under

follows:

DTELDR

;reload

the

console

front

DTELDR

program

end

(always

DTE

0)
A

complete

your

description

console

you

the

answer

the

DTELDR

switches

prompt

with:

Front

Ends

will

typed

*/HELP

6.2.2

DTE20-Interfaced

Communications

Whenever

the KL processor senses that a communications front end on
a
DTE
1interface is not running, it checks to see if automatic reloading
of front ends (/AUTO)
is in effect.
/AUTO is
a
switch
function
of
DTELDR,

the

/AUTO

front

switch

1load

Default
number

unique

that

effect,
a

dumps

the

default

the

file.

files

are

loads

DTE

processor
1load

DTELDR

dump

and

file.

command,

interfaced

automatically
Also,

the

front

unless

you

reloads

the

include

front-end memory

the

dumped

DTE

number

\
named

DSK:DTELOn.BIN

where

the

dump files are named DSK:DTEDOn.BIN where n is again
1,
2, or 3.
Successive dumps of the same front-end

file

that

ends.

Enabling
to

from

default

Default

end

/NODUMP
to

program

extensions

the
for

/AUTO
the

.B00,

function

console

for

front

.B01l,

.B02,

the
are

DTE
given

etc.

communications

end.

The

OPR.ATO

front

end

that

front

ends

identical

subjob:

:SLOG
:DEF

DTE=

DTE-R

DTELDR

DTE-/AUTO
will
If

automatically

the

auto-load

terminal
procedures.

logged

reload

feature

1in

any
is

under

not

crashes.

effect,

you

can

[1,2]

and

have

run

DTELDR

choice

from

any

restart

SYSTEM RECOVERY PROCEDURES

srun

.R DTELDR

DTELDR

:reload the front end on DTE 2 with the

* /RELOAD: 2

sprogram in file DSK:DTELOZ2:BIN

(default

sname)
or:

*DTA3:COMSYS.BIN/RELOAD:1/NODUMP
sreload the front end on DTE 1 with the file
DECtape drive 3. Do not take
+COMSYS.BIN on
sa

front-end memory dump.

A complete description of the DTELDR program switches will be typed at

vour console if you answer the DTELDR prompt with:
* /HELP

DL10-interfaced Communications Front Ends

6.2.3

Whenever a DL10-interfaced front end such as a DC75NP, DN85,
crashes,

DN87

an error message such as:

$3$PDP-11 NUMBER n IS NOT RUNNING
or:

$$PDP-11 NUMBER n

HALTED AT

will appear on your console.
DL10 and 4-7 for the second,

pcC

0-3 for the first
n is the port number:
pc is the address of the halt in
if any.

your
and
BOOTll
is
a DL10
load
and
The program to dump
S5YS:
the
on
available
this
made
have
wusually
will
programmer

The following

DL10-interfaced

command

sequence

front ends.

sload

.R BOOTI11

can

used

dump

and

system
area.

reload

in BOOTI11

FILE:/DUMP/PORTNO:p ;dump entire memory of the PDP-1l1 on port p.
FILE:DN87.BIN/CLEAR/START/PORTNO:p
sclear memory of PDP-11 on port p and load
sand start the program from the file
+DSK:DN87.BIN[1,2].

BOOT1l requires that a port number be explicitly entered if

more than one port

in the

there

system.

The default file descriptor for a load operation 1is:
DSK:PDPXIp.BIN[self]

and

for

a dump operation:

DSK:PDPXIp.LST([self]

where p

the port number.

For additional information on BOOT1ll

switches

refer

the

BOOTI11

specification in the Software Notebooks and the SYS:BOOT1ll.HLP file.

BOOT11

reports

its progress as follows:
6-17

SYSTEM

RECOVERY

"PDP-11

DUMPING

PDP-11

memory

"PDP-11

DUMPED

into

DECsystem-10

"CLEARING
"PDP-11

PDP-11

memory

PDP-11

1is

file

"PDP-11
"PDP-11

6.3

LOADED

The

DX10

memory

DATA
data

and

systems.
processor

CHANNEL

being

DX10

being

zeroed.

loaded

with

problems

arise

provides

contains
you

and

binary

input

PDP-11 1is
memory.

own

direct

access

part

the

PDP-8

first

and

power

the

PDP-8

TU70

the

must

load

the

channel

should

DECsystem-10

series

you

service maintenance has been performed.
The
reload the DX10 automatically after a crash.
If

formatted

data.

1integrated

whenever

dumped

file.

RECOVERY

channel
1s

The

being

Loading is complete;
now executing in its

STARTED

DX10

PROCEDURES

magnetic

halt,

vyou

data

this

after

field

processor

tape

reload

will

usually

receive

message:

3¥3TAPE

where

MTA,

MTB.

CONTROLLER

specifies

First,

you

BOOTDX

program

should
as

the

MTXx

take

dump

disk

the

; load

During
the

You

descriptor

area.

For

will

record

dump

the

error

channel,

conditions.

e.qg.,

Use

the

BOOTDX

dump

omitted

placed

into

additional

BOOTDX.RNO

the

;request

memory

files

attached

follows:

BOOTDX

file

OFF-LINE

controller

FILE:/D

PDP-8

and

operation

the

above

default

information

the

example,

the

dump

file,

DXMPA.LSD,

your

BOOTDX

program,

refer

BOOTDX.HLP.
you

will

receive

the

following

being

dumped

messages

CTY:

"DX10

dumping

"DX-10

dumped

can

now

reload

; PDP-8

memory

;dumping
the

DX10

.R BOOTDX
FILE:SYS:/C/S

data

has

1is

completed

channel

using

BOOTDX

;1f not already loaded
s1load the default file

follows:

DXMPA.BIN

from

the

;system disk
after
setting all of PDP-8
;memory to HALT instructions. Then start at
soctal 200.
During

the

messages

clearing
the

"Clearing

and

1loading,

you

will

receive

the

following

TTY:

DX-10

; PDP-8

memory

"DX-10

; PDP-8

"DX-10

loaded

; PDP-8

has

"DX-10

started

;PDP-8

1is

being

now

all

HALTs.

loaded.

completed

6-18

set

executing

its

own memory.

CHAPTER
DEVICE

It is
your

OPERATION

important that you know how to operate the peripheral devices on
system
and
how
to
keep
these devices in their best possible

condition.

Because most equipment operates more efficiently if it is kept
clean,
a
cleaning
procedure
1is
included
with
each device section.
This
chapter discusses the operating
and
cleaning
procedures
for
those
devices
Here

most

are

commonly

found

general

rules

for

some

DECsystem-10s.
cleaning:

The computer room should be kept as neat and clean as
should have the following cleaning supplies available.
l.

91%

Lint-free

Spray

Vacuum cleaner
has

isopropyl

possible.

You

1intake

and

alcohol

wipers

cleaner

rubber

Cotton-tipped

that

can blow

plastic

air

as well

air

attachments

applicators

You should clean the exterior of all
equipment
weekly.
Vacuum
outside
surfaces
including
cabinet
tops.
Use spray cleaner on
vertically exposed surfaces except around switches.

all
all

In general, do not clean the
interior
of
any
equipment
wunless
so
directed in the following sections.
Your field service representative
does that job.
Specific instructions for cleaning line
printers
and
magnetic tape drives are given in the sections covering those devices.

Always be careful not to bump or change the position of any
switches;
this
«could
<cause
a
crash.
Likewise,
when
vyou
are cleaning the
exterior of any disk drives, be careful
not
to
Jjar
the
equipment;
this

could

cause

Lastly, if
you
operation
of or
service

7.1

serious

hardware

head

crash.

ever
have
any
problem
or
doubts
concerning
the
a cleaning procedure for a device, consult your field

representative.

LINE

PRINTER

Some of the procedures below refer

to an

LP07

1line

7-1)
and some refer to an LP1l0 line printer (Figure
follow the procedures for the appropriate printer.
7-1

printer

7-2).

(Figure

sure

DEVICE OPERATION

Figure

7-1

LP07

Line

Printer

DEVICE

Figure

7-2

OPERATION

LP10

L ine

Pr inter

DEVICE

Changing

7.1.1

LPO07
The

OPERATION

Forms

Procedure
following

adjustment

procedure

describes

LP07

line

forms

printer.

installation,

(Refer

alignment,

Figures

7-1,

and

7-3,

and

switch
1lit).

7-4.)

If the printer is
place the printer

Lift

the

Unlatch

printer
and

running, press
the
START/STOP
in STOP mode (RUN indicator not

window.

fully

open

the

band

gate

and

ribbon

mask.

WARNING

Wait
until
the
proceeding to the

necessary,

tractors.

Unlock

reposition

Make

the

Charaband
next step.

sure

upper

that

and

stops

the

upper

they

are

1lower

rotating

and

still

tractor

before

1lower

1left

vertically

1locks

forms

aligned.

the

right

tractors.

Open

all

Insert
and

tractor

the

left
the

edge

pressure

plates.

the

form

the

upper

right

tractor

hand

form

feed

holes

and

upper

right

Insert

form

the

upper

left

tractor

plate.

Slide

a
the

position

beneath

pressure

the

plate.

right

Lock

the

tractor.

Loosen the paper
tension
control
(least tension).
10.

pressure

tension
to
1its

the

lower

<control
extreme

left

1lock
and
set
the
paper
counterclockwise position

tractor

and

the

pressure

plate.

11.

12,

Slide

the

lower

right

tractor

hand

form

feed

holes

and

lower

right

Adjust

the

a position
the

beneath

pressure

the

plate.

right

Lock

the

tractor.

paper

tension

control

clockwise

achieve

proper

vertical form tension.
Proper tension occurs when there is a
slight deformation of the top edge of the
form
feed
holes.
Tighten the paper tension lock.
13.

Press the TOP OF FORM switch on the operator control panel.

14,

Rotate

the

paper

feed

clutch

clockwise

the

ADJ

position

and
use the paper advance adjustment control to position the
form at the first line of print.
Use the hammer faces
as
a
print-line guide.
Return the clutch to the RUN position.
You

can use the vertical paper position control to
fine
adjustment
of
wvertical
position.
This
necessary when using pre-printed forms.

7-4

obtain

1is

a
often

DEVICE

15.

16.

Rotate the horizontal paper position
control
form
horizontally;
use the horizontal forms
on

the

17.

Set

18.

19.

Press

latch

the

ribbon mask

the

form

ribbon mask.

assembly

thickness control

the

band gate

the TOP OF
is

feeding

and

FORM

Replenishing

printer

switch

to
align
the
alignment scale

reference.

the

form being

loaded.

window.

several

through

switch

times

the

to place

ensure

that

the

tractors.

the printer

in RUN

mode

Forms

are merely replenishing

different

for

to match

correctly

Press the START/STOP
(RUN indicator 1lit).

20.

If you

and

OPERATION

form,

proceed

Lift

the

Unlatch

printer

and

the

form supply and not changing

follows:

window.

fully open

the band gate

and

ribbon mask.

WARNING

Wait

until

proceeding

Open

all

Insert

the
to

tractor

the

new

page

and

all

tractor

Charaband

the

pressure

form,

aligning
pressure

and

latch

the

band

gate

Press the START/STOP
(RUN indicator 1lit).

rotating

before

plates.

overlapping

the

stops

step.

the

old

one

least

two at the page perforations.

one

plates.

ribbon mask.

and

printer

switch

window.

to place

the

printer

in RUN

mode

HIMOT

HOLOW

d3ddn

9Inbrd €-L ,L0dT 1aded uot3lerTe3lsul

| AIHMENHL
4OSN3S |H d3dVdNOILISOd

H3dVdNOILOW TV.LNOZIHOH
DEVICE
OPERATION

SHOAL0OVv7H1l

NOogIY

DEVICE OPERATION

PAPER TENSION
CONTROL LOCK

FORMS THICKNESS
',
CONTROL

VERTICAL PAPER

PAPER TENSION

CONTROL

POSITION CONTROL

HORIZONTAL PAPER

POSITION CONTROL

CLUTCH LEVER

6/8 LINES
PER INCH

CONTROL AND
ENTRY SWITCHES

Figure

7-4

LP07

Forms Alignment

DEVICE

LP10

OPERATION

Procedure

The following procedure describes forms installation,
adjustment on an LP1l0 line printer.
(Refer to Figures
Press

the ON/OFF

LINE

indicator

Lift

the

Using

printer

the

LINE

not

switch

set

alignment,
and
7-2 and 7-5.)

the printer

off

line

(ON

the

drum

1lit).

window.

drum gate

latch,

unlatch

and

fully

open

gate.

WARNING

Wait
you

for

the

character

drum to

stop

rotating

before

proceed.

Be sure that the proper vertical format tape has been mounted
on the vertical format unit (refer to Section 7.1.2).
Press

the

TOP-OF-FORM

switch.

Set the copies control

lever

1lower

sure

the upper

and

to match
1left

the

form being used.

tractors

are

vertically

aligned.

Rotate the fine adjustment thumbwheels
completely
on both the upper and lower right tractors.

Unlock the
wupper
tractors and move

and
them

10.

Open

11.

Place

the

left

the

pressure

12,

all

tractor

1lower
to the

pressure

edge

the

tracter
1locks
extreme right.

clockwise

the

right

plates.

form

the

upper

left

tractor

and

plate.

Position the upper right tractor
of
the tractor feed pins to the

to allow
precise
alignment
form-feed holes in the form,

Lock the upper
plate over the

right
form.

tractor

and

the

tractor

pressure

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DEVICE
OPERATION

DEVICE

13.

14.

Loosen the paper tension locking
knob
and
turn
tension control knob completely counterclockwise.

the

Place

the

pressure

15.

OPERATION

form

the

1lower

left

the

lower

and

the

Position the lower right tractor
of
the tractor feed pins to the
Lock

tractor

plate.

paper

right

tractor,

to allow
precise
form-feed holes in

and

the

alignment
the form.

tractor

pressure

plate.

16.

Turn the paper
tension
control
knob
<clockwise
wuntil
the
proper
paper
tension
exists;
this
occurs
when a slight
deformation of the top edge of the
form-feed
holes
1in
the
form is noticed.
Tighten the paper tension locking knob.

17.

Rotate
lower

the fine adjustment thumbwheel on both the
upper
and
right
tractors
until proper horizontal paper tension

exists.
The tension
deformation
of
the

1is
<correct
when
there
1is
a
right edge of the form-feed holes

slight
in the

form.

18.

Mount the forms alignment scale (located
area, right side) across the hammer bank
oins located on special castings at both

in the paper storage
area using the dowel
sides of the
hammer

bank.

19.

Using the horizontal paper position thumbwheel, move the form
horizontally
until
the
first
print
column
on
the
form
corresponds to the first column on the forms alignment scale.

20.

Move the paper feed clutch lever (located to the right of the
vertical
format
unit)
to
the
ADJUST position.
Using the
paper drive adjustment thumbwheel, adjust the form vertically
until
the
first
print line of the form is aligned with the
forms alignment scale print line.

21.

Remove the forms alignment
scale,
scabbard (paper storage area, right

22.

Move the paper feed clutch lever-to the RUN position.

23.

and

latch

24.

the

printer

25.

'Check the paper tension by pressing
the
several times and ensuring that the paper
from the tractor feed pins.

26.

Press the ON/OFF LINE
LINE indicator 1lit).

Replenishing

If you
form,

the

drum

Lift

1it

1in

the

gate.

window.

switch

set

TOP-OF-FORM
switch
does not pull loose

the printer

on-line

changing

(ON

Forms

are merely replenishing
proceed

and
replace
side).

the

forms

follows:

printer window.

and not

different

DEVICE

Using

the

drum

gate

OPERATION

latch,

unlatch

and

fully

open

the

drum

gate.

WARNING

Wait
you

Open

all

1Insert

character

drum

pressure

plates.

the

new

and

all

tractor

form,

the

pressure

two

stop

rotating

before

Press

the

printer

the

ON/OFF

indicator

Controlling

the

o0ld

the

page

one

least

set

the

one
Close

window.
LINE

switch

printer

on-line

(ON

1lit).

Vertical

Format

Unit

Procedure

LP07

line

printer

has

direct

143-line

bit

represent

the

punched

holes

control

access

software
counterpart
vertical format unit is

8-channel

matrix.
1in

vertical

format

of a carriage
loaded with a
The

the

printer
(6 or 8

Information

contained

generate

standard

bits

1in

corresponding

also provides for the software
lines per inch) as well as for

(DAVFU)

this

paper

matrix

carriage

the

control of
the
operator control

generating,

the

files:

storing, and loading of
MAKVFU.DOC and MAKVFU.HLP.

default

matrix

line

printer

carriage

MAKVFU

that

corresponds

tape
Load

for
the

channels

1-8

proceed

MAKVFU

*EXIT

custom

commands

matrix,

described

load

below.

MAKVFU

the

print
via a

matrices

the

follows:

program.

matrix
1s
generated
DSK:NORMAL.VFU on your
Return to the monitor.

generate

DAVFU

LPl10,

If
»

this

the

*QUTPUT

MAKVFU

unit

control tape.
The
file containing an

tape.

The LP07
density
switch.

perforations.

plates.

Close and latch the drum gate.

that
1is
the
direct access

overlapping

aligning

7.1.2

The

the

tractor

page

LINE

LP0O7

for

proceed.

only

and

command,

give

and
disk

the

default

1is stored
area.

appropriate

DEVICE

OPERATION

Command

CHANNEL

Function

ALL

Set

all

channel
CHANNEL

Set

BOTTOM

EVERY

last

channel
CHANNEL

1lines
n.

Set

1in

1line

every

m-th

LINES

Set

...

lines

ml,

1in

TOP

Set

line

EXIT

Exit

FORMS

Clear

m2,

all

forms

this

file

INFORMATION

Display a brief
file, including
break,

OUTPUT

dev:file.ext[p,pn]

automatic

LP10

Section

channel

for

143).

channel

the

description

channel
physical

channels.

equal

terminal.

the

lines

n.
page

size

Length

must

page

greater

size.

the
print
density
(lines
per
(y
=
0, 6, or 8 where 0 means
switch setting.)

Generate a
binary
VFU
file
with
the
specified
name.
If
the
argument
1is
omitted, the default
is
DSK:NORMAL.VFU

LPTSPL

page
m2...

setting.

the

user

area.

Define

the

than

The

description of
the
VFU
length, page size, forms

PAGE

LPI

Define
inch) .
manual

(ml

for

physical

page

for

Define
than

LPI

and

Display
defined

=1,2,...8)

break

Display

LENGTH

page

from MAKVFU.

HELP

for

1,2,...8)

in physical

break

INFORMATION

page

=1,2,...8)

forms

for

physical

etc.

Define

FORMS

1logical

line

for channel n.
(n
=1,2;,...1length)
CHANNEL

page

=1,2,...8)

channel
n.
l1,2,...1length)
CHANNEL

1logical

=1,2,...8)

logical
-

143.)

equal

appropriate

DAVFU

page
Page

size
size

to
must

be
be

z.
less

length.

file

discussed

under

4.5.1.

Procedure

make

standard

1inch

paper

carriage

with

control

tape

lines

for

vertical

printing

format

per

control

1inch,

the

punch

following:

Obtain a manualchannel carriage

or machine-operated
control tapes.

7-12

punch

made

DEVICE

Obtain

a carriage control
tape
with
feed
numbered
1 through 12, and lines numbered 0
In this case, the tape loop accommodates two

Align
line

the

tape

the

Using Table
and
punch

7-1
a

as
hole

Standard

Form

punch,

that

you

holes,

channels
at least 135.
forms.

begin

punching

line.

Line

OPERATION

Form

Line

LP10

guide, proceed line by line on the tape,
for
each of the channels indicated on a

Table 7-1
Printer

Line

Carriage

Tape

Channels

Punched

1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12

5-8

638

3-5-8

4-5-8

3-5-8

5-8-9

3-4-5-8

5-8

3-5-8

4-5-8

3-5-6-8-9

5-8

3-4-5-8

5-8

3-5-8

4-5-8-9-10

3-5-8

5-8

3-4-5-8

5-8

3-5-6-7-8-9

4-5-8

3-5-8

5-8

3-4-5-8

5-8-9-11

3-5-8

4-5-8

3-5-8

5-8

2-3-4-5-6-8-9-10

31
32

97
98

5-8
3-5-8

DEVICE

Table

OPERATION

7-1

(Cont.)

Standard LPl0 Line Printer Carriage Tape

Form

Line

Form

Line

Channels Punched

33
34
35

99
100
101

4-5-8
3-5-8
5-8-9

36
37
38

102
103
104

3-4-5-8
5-8
3-5-8

39
40
41

105
106
107

4-5-8
3-5-6-7-8-9-12
5-8

42
43
44

108
109
110

3-4-5-8
5-8
3-5-8

45
46
47

111
112
113

4-5-8-9-10
3-5-8
5-8

114
115
116

3-4-5-8
5-8
3-5-6-8-9-11

51
52
53

117
118
119

4-5-8
3-5-8
5-8

54
55
56

120
121
122

3-4-5-8
5-8-9
3-5-8

57
58
59

123
124
125

4-5-8
3-5-8
5-8

60
61
62

126
127
128

5
5
5

63
64
65

129

130

131

48
49
50

DEVICE

OPERATION

After you have punched all the lines
through
131,
cut
the
tape
at
line
135.
Spread some rubber cement between lines
129 and 135.
Place line 0 over line 132.
Keeping
the
feed
holes aligned, press the ends of the tape together.

Repunch

the

Set

printer

Lift

the
the

clears

holes

tape

the

covered

off-line,

loop

and

reader

sprocket

the

overlapped

open

handle

the

tape.

printer

that

the

cover.
sprocket

shoe

teeth.

Place the tape over the tape loop reader capstan
feed holes are over the sprocket teeth.
Be sure
12 of the tape is toward your left
as
you
are
front of the line printer.

10.

Close the tape loop reader.
to the drive sprocket while
in place.

11.

Press TOP-OF-FORM.
The tape should halt with
star wheel just beyond the TOP-OF-FORM hole.

12.

Align

13.

Close the printer

forms vertically.

so that
the
that channel
facing
the

Be sure the tape stays
attached
you clamp the drive sprocket shoe

(Refer

the

channel

to Section 7.1.1.)

cover.

The standard LP10 carriage tape causes the vertical actions
shown
1in
Table
7-2.
Channels
1-8
are used by system software, and channels
9-12

are

used

by diagnostic

programs.

DEVICE

Standard

Channel

Table 7-2
Line Printer

LP10

Vertical

Top

Space

Double

OPERATION

Vertical

Action

form
half

page

(30

lines)

space

with

automatic

top

form

after

with

automatic

top

form

after

impressions
4

Triple

space

impressions
5

Single

can

space

(Channel

specified

for

the

only

last

channel

lines

that

the

after

page.)
6

Space

one

sixth

Spéce one third of a page (20 lines)

Single

space

with

page

(10

lines)

automatic

top

form

lines)

(15

lines)

impressions

Space

one

twelfth

Space

one

fourth

Space

lines

Space

lines

programmer

what
a

wanting

channels

tape

loop

need
least

Changing

the

LP0O07

punched

whatever

ten

and

inches

Reversing

quality

reverse

nonstandard

accommodate

7.1.3

change

the

isn't

page
page

carriage

each

number

control

line.

forms

are

tape

sure

must

that

needed

you

may

tell

you

punch

make

the

circumference.

the

Ribbon

good

should

be,

need

ribbon.

Procedure

The

following

procedure

describes

line

printer.

(Refer

Figqures

Lift

the operator
circuit breaker to

Lift

the

gate

leaving

printer

the

how
7-1,

panel

the

ribbon

access

OFF

window;

to change the ribbon
7-3, and 7-6.)

cover
position.

wunlatch

mask

and

against

and

fully

the

set

open

forms.

the

LPO07

POWER

band

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DEVICE

NdOOd1d

OPERATION

T7-17

DEVICE

OPERATION

WARNING

Wait
until
the
proceeding to the

Using
to

plastic

the

gloves,

Charaband
next step.

grasp

right

until

the

ribbon

completely

stops

the

ribbon

cores

rotating

rolls
are

before

and

free

force
of

the

them
ribbon

motors.

Pull

the

ribbon

Remove

unless

the

wrapping

new

and

you

ribbon

are

free

the

reversing

from

its

any protective

band

gate.

Discard

it.

box

and

cardboard

remove

the

plastic

collars.

Hold the ribbon cores with the fully
wound
core
above
the
other
so
the
ribbon
will unwind from the underside of the
ribbon core when installed.
Force the right end of the upper
ribbon core against the top floating ribbon holder, align the
left end with the fixed ribbon holder, and allow
the
spring

tension

lock

the

core

into

position.

Unwind the other ribbon core over the
Charaband.
Position the lower ribbon
ribbon holders in the same manner.
Ensure that the slots
engaged by the ribbon
Ensure that
ribbon.
10.

11.

Set

the

operator

12,

band

POWER

ribbon

gate

position

sensor

printer

window.

and

circuit
panel

ends of
the
guide pins.

breaker

access

Some

listings
the
follows:

the

Lift the operator
circuit breaker to

Lift

the

gate

leaving

printer
the

ribbon

cores

covered

position

on,
press
RUN mode.

are

and

the

unlatch
mask

the
START/STOP
(RUN indicator

half
of
the
forms.
To
you can reverse the ribbon

panel
access
cover
the OFF position.

window;

not

have more print on the
1left
ribbon from wearing unevenly,

1is

ribbon

bars
and
the bottom

cover.

When the READY
indicator
comes
switch
to
place
the
printer

prevent

the

in the
holder

ribbon guide
core between

and

against

and

fully
the

set

open

the

POWER

the

forms.

WARNING

Wait

until

proceeding

the
to

the

Charaband
next

step.

stops

rotating

before

band

DEVICE

Using plastic gloves,
to
the
right
until

OPERATION

grasp the ribbon
the ribbon cores

rolls and
force
them
are free of the ribbon

motors.

Pull

the

ribbon

completely

Holding the two
printer,
rotate

ribbon
them

free

the

band

cores
as
you
so
that the top

gate.

took
them
off
and bottom cores

the
are

reversed.

Force the right end of the upper ribbon core against the
top
floating
ribbon
holder,
align
the left end with the fixed
ribbon holder, and allow the spring tension to lock the
core
into position.

Unwind the other ribbon core over the ribbon guide
bars
and
Charaband.
Position the lower ribbon core between the bottom
ribbon

holders

the

same

manner.

Ensure that the slots in the
engaged by the ribbon holder

Ensure

that

the

ends of
the
guide pins.

ribbon position

sensor

ribbon

not

cores

covered

are

the

ribbon.
10.

11.

Set the POWER circuit breaker to the ON
the

12,

the

operator

panel

When the READY
switch

LP10

band gate

and

printer

window.

access

cover,

indicator

comes

place

the

printer

on,

position
press

in RUN mode.

the

and

(RUN

START/STOP
indicator

Procedure

The following procedure describes how to change the ribbon on an
line printer.
1.

Use

(Refer

Figures

the plastic gloves

Press

the ON/OFF LINE

LINE

indicator

Lift

the

printer

the

drum gate

Move
the

not

7-2

and

7-7.)

supplied with

switch

set

the

LP10

ribbon.

the printer

off-line

(ON

1lit).

window.

latch

left

and pull

forward

fully

open

drum gate.

WARNING

Wait

for

character

drum

stop

rotating

before

you

proceed.

Grasp the ribbon cores
drum
gate latch until

and
the

force them to the left toward
the
floating ribbon-holder springs are

completely

compressed.

Remove the
cores away

ribbon by pulling the
right
from the drum gate.
Discard

are

reversing

it.

end
of
the
ribbon
the ribbon unless you

a3xid NOg 1d 43Q10H

DEVICE OPERATION

7-20

DEVICE

Remove

the

new

together.

Place

ribbon

Remove

the

fully
holder.

ribbon

OPERATION

from

any

the

box

protective

wound

ribbon

and

hold

cardboard

core

over

the

bottom

Push

the core to the left and place the right
bottom fixed ribbon holder.
Be sure that the
slips into the slot on the core end.

10.

Unwind

enough
up and

ribbon
11.

Slip

the

of the fully wound
over the character

ribbon

between

the

ribbon
drum.

cores

floating

end
over
the
holder guidepin

core

ribbon guide

ribbon

collars.

clips

bring

the

box

and

sensor.

12.

Place

13.

Push

the
the
top

the

ribbon

core

to
fixed

guidepin

slips

against

the

top

floating

ribbon

the

left and place the right core
ribbon
holder.
Be
sure
that

into

the

drum

14.

and

latch

15.

the

printer

16.

Press the ON/OFF LINE
LINE indicator 1lit).

slot

the

core

end.

set

the

printer

holder.

end
over
the holder

gate.

window.
switch

on-line

Most

listings
have
more
print
on
the
1left
half
of
the
to
prevent
the
ribbon from wearing unevenly, you
reverse the ribbon.
Do the following:

paper.
should

Therefore,

Use

the

plastic

gloves

supplied

Press the ON/OFF LINE switch
LINE indicator not 1lit).

Lift

the

printer

Move

the

drum

the

drum

gate.

with

set

the

(ON

ribbon.

printer

off-line

(ON

window.

gate

latch

left

and

pull

forward

fully

open

WARNING

Wait

for

character

drum

stop

rotating

before

you

proceed.

Grasp

the

ribbon

cores

and

force

drum

gate

latch

until

the

floating

completely

compressed.

Remove

the

ribbon

cores

away

Holding

the

printer,
Push

two

core

fixed

slips

into

the

pulling
drum

them

the

<cores
that

left

ribbon

slot

the

left

ribbon-holder

right

end

toward

the

springs

are

the

ribbon

gate.

ribbon

rotate

the

bottom

from

them

and

holder.

the

7-21

the

vyou

top

took

core

place

the

right

sure

that

core

end.

them
at

the
end

the

off

the

bottom.
over

holder

the

guide

DEVICE

Unwind
ribbon

10.

Slip

enough
up and

the

OPERATION

of the fully wound
over the character

ribbon

between

the

ribbon
drum.

ribbon

core

guide

clips

bring

the

box

and

sensor.

11.

Place

12,

©Push

the

ribbon
core

core

the

against
left

the

and

fixed
slips

ribbon
into the

holder.
slot on

13.

and

latch

the

gate.

14,

the

printer

15.

Press

the

ON/OFF

7.1.4

indicator

Cleaning

the

addition

to the
chapter,

the

drum

top

place

the
top
guide-pin

LINE

In
of

the

floating

the

right

ribbon
core

Be
sure
that
the core end.

holder.

end

the

over

holder

window.

LINE

switch

set

the

printer

on-line

(ON

1lit).

Line

Printer

general cleaning procedures given at the
beginning
vyou should pay particular attention to the printing

elements.
You

should
excessive
clean away
Charaband
should
You

inspect

the
Charaband
assembly
on
the
LP07
daily
for
and paper residue collection.
Use isopropyl alcohol to
accumulation from the Charaband
slugs.
Whenever
the
removed
or
reversed, the roadbed and top ribbon guide

1nk
ink
1is

vacuumed.

should

clean

the

character

sooner
1f
necessary,
wusing
Every 500 hours, or sooner 1if
isopropyl alchohol.

7.2
The

CARD

Use

operator

control

the

cards

the

LPl10

every

100

hours,

READER
panels

high-speed
reader
respectively.

7.2.1

drum

a soft suede brush and a vacuum cleaner.
necessary, clean the character drum with

and

following
be

read.

sure

Unloading

Cards

procedures

the

reader

that

the

reader

the

set

decks

read

left.

low-speed

reader

CR10-F

shown

1in

the

input

hopper

(POWER

indicator

load

powered
switch

ON
on

the

Figures

rear

and

7-8

and

with

control

the

7-9,

punched

1lit),
panel

and
the

REMOTE.
follower

into

MODE

hopper

card

the

are

check

Pull

for

CR10-E

the

back

hopper.

front

with

the

one

sure

hand

edge

and

place

down,

begin

the

first

column

card

the

DEVICE

POWER

READ

PICK

OPERATION

STACK || |HOPPER

CHECK || | cHECK || | CHECK ||| CHECK

Figure

7-8

CR10-F Card

END OF

STOP ||| RESET| 1TM Fi
E

Reader

DEVICE OPERATION

POWER

F=—==7

Fr——=—-7

READ ,

ItCHECK {
l

r===----

| , STACK, |HOPPER,

{ CHECK 1 + CHECK | | CHECK}

b
e med

PICK

p-~-——=q

L )

7- 24

L
m o

DEVICE

Continue placing
loosely filled.

cards

OPERATION

into

the

1input

hopper

until

CAUTION

Do not pack the input hopper so
full
that
the
air
from the blower cannot riffle the cards properly.
1If
the cards are packed too tightly, the
wvacuum
picker
cannot work properly.

Press

You

RESET

may

allow

continue

cards

read.

while

the

reader

operating

provided
you
maintain
tension
in the front portion
deck as you add cards to the rear.
Do
not
add
more
until the hopper is at least half empty.

of the
cards

CAUTION

When you are trying to maintain pressure on the
card
deck, use just enough pressure to maintain the riffle
action to
prevent
damaging
cards
or
Jjamming
the
reader.

Usually,

all

stacker.

hopper,
deck.
7.

simply

unload

are
if

pull

cards

from

back

with

stacker.

careful

Cleaning

may

the

moved
you

back

follower

stacker

7.2.2

cards

However,

the

one

the

unloaded

Card

Reader

the

remove

follower

output

hand

through

need

remove

maintain

while

and

stacker,

and

the

cards

the

order

are

reader

cards

1into

from

remove

pull

the

card

deck

being

the

input

the

card

stacker

from

deck.

the
The

read.

The important cleaning area for a card reader is the card path,
which
accumulates card dust.
1If this builds up, it causes data errors, card
motion errors, and possibly even card jams.
The card path
should
be
cleaned at least weekly.
With the power OFF, the path from the hopper
to

the

stacker

7.3

DECTAPE

The

following

dismount

job,

should

first

procedures
DECtape

blown

describe
the

TU56

the

out

and

then

actions

transport.

well

vacuumed.

necessary
To

assign

to
a

mount

drive

and
your

enter:
.ASSIGN

DTAnN

(where n = 0-7, the
indicator
of
some
that on some drives

still

enter

DTAOQ.

number

on the
drive
selector
unused drive.
Note, however,
0 is replaced by 8;
you
must

DEVICE

7.3.1

Mounting

Refer

Figure

and

Dismounting

3-1

for

view

OPERATION

DECtapes

the TU56

transport.

Mounting

Place the REMOTE/LOCAL switch to OFF
switch
1is
located
immediately
to
selector indicator.

Mount

the

upward

Thread

the

and
4.,

tape

Wind

DECtape

the

left

tape

head,

several

to
and

turns

onto

the

left

perimeter

the

right,

clockwise
of

tape

(middle position).
the
right of the

This
drive

hand

hub

tape

feeds

the

reel.

tape

guides

over
onto

the
the

clockwise

top

the

take-up
onto

reel.

the

Press the REMOTE/LOCAL switch into the LOCAL

take-up

reel.

(bottom pressed)

position.

Advance the tape about
depressing the top end

ten turns onto
the
take-up
reel
of the rightmost rocker switch.

Press the
position.

switch

To write on the tape, set the WRITE ENABLE/WRITE
to the WRITE ENABLE (top pressed) position.

REMOTE/LOCAL

into

the

REMOTE

(top

LOCK

pressed)

switch

Dismounting

If the software has rewound and unloaded the tape,'skip steps 1 and 2.
l.

Set

the

REMOTE/LOCAL

switch

the

LOCAL

position.

Wind the tape completely onto the left reel by
pressing
the
rewind
switch
(top
end
of the leftmost rocker switch) and
holding it pressed until all the tape has wound onto the left
reel.

Place

the

remove

7.3.2

Cleaning

REMOTE/LOCAL

the

switch

to OFF

(middle)

position

and

tape.

DECtape

Drives

DECtapes do not have a complicated
tape
path;
however,
the
brown
oxide
powder that flakes off when a tape is in motion will accumulate
on the tape guides and tape head.
Once each shift, or at
1least
once

daily,

vyou

and

isopropyl

7.4

91%

MAGNETIC

should

<clean

these

areas with a cotton-tipped applicator

alcohol.

TAPE

The DECsystem-10 supports a variety of
magnetic
tape
drives.
They
cover
both
7
track
and 9 track operation, tape speeds of 45 to 200
inches per second, and recording densities of 200
to
6250
bits
per
inch.
Various
size
reels
can be accommodated and some drives will
accept industry-standard cartridges.
7-26

DEVICE

7.4.1

Mounting

and

Dismounting

The following procedures
dismount
magnetic
tape
DECsystem-10.
tape onto
manually.
groove

this

Some

the

1is

drives

back

not

drives,

WRITE
inhibited.

7.4.1.1

describe the action necessary
to
mount
reels on the various drives supported by
provide

the take-up reel
For all drives,

ring

TUl0

DISABLE

TUl6

the
tape
the

for

tape

the

reel

indicator

others)

automatic

order

light
will

Drives

(Refer

reel

holddown

threading

and
the

while others require you to thread the
you must insert a write enable ring in
the

present,

and

OPERATION

allow

(FILE
warn

Figure

writing.

1If

PROTECT

that

writing

vyou

some
is

7-10)

Mounting
l.

Rotate

the

counterclockwise
reel

over

the

far

holddown

knob

Hold
the
reel
firmly
holddown knob clockwise
2.

Press

tape

should

REL

and

pull

unwind

toward the hub.
TIf
the reel is mounted

knob
it

will

with

the

against
until it

the

tape

from

the

the tape
with the

of
go,

groove

bottom

slot.

and

Pull

left
the

slot.

Lead

the

vacuum

column

side

from

the

tape

cover,

and

wind

toward

the

back.

and

supply

turn

the

The
side

unwinds from the top, check
groove toward the back.

that

the

head

cover

and

slide

around

the

upper

into

about

six

turns

draw

tape

into

the

over

at
the
end
tape against
the

upwards

right

the

oxide

left hand
Place the

the

and the upper tape guide,
and
lead
Place
the
end
of the tape over the
hub,

supply

(dull)

with

slide

hub

the

reel.

left

taut

tape

lower

place

the hub flange
is tight.

Grasp the tape in both hands with the
and the right hand back about a foot.
the

the
and

slot

it
top
tape

threading

and

into

the

corner
between

around
of the

the

cover

the
guide.
take-up reel

<clockwise

the

Press

FWD

reel.

Press

LOAD

and
push
loadpoint
goes

out,

START
marker
and

comes

continues for more
loadpoint.
Press

than
STOP,

move

back

Press

and

vacuum

to advance the tape
is sensed, the tape

stop

ten
REV

on.

columns.

to loadpoint.
When the
stops,
the
FWD
1light
Note

that

seconds,
the
and then START.

tape

motion

tape
The

1is
tape

Dbeyond
should

the

rocker

loadpoint.

ONLINE.

Dismounting
l.

Rewind

loadpoint

switch

REWIND,

and

pressing

OFF

LINE,

START.

setting

DEVICE OPERATION

UPPER TAPE GUIDE

HEAD COVER

—< \'4 L

o 1w E. —

SUPPLY REEL
VACUUM COLUMN COVER

REEL HOLDDOWN KNOB

Figure

TUl6

Magnet 1C

7-28

Tap
Dreilve

DEVICE

Press BR REL

and

wind

OPERATION

the

remaining

tape

onto

the

supply

reel.

Turn

the holddown

7.4.1.2

TU40

and TU4l

knob counterclockwise

Drives

(Refer

Figure

and

remove

the

reel.

7-11)

Mounting

If the transport is closed, press UNLOAD REWIND to lower
the
window.
Pull
one end of the reel lock release on the right
hub and place the supply reel over the hub.
1If the reel does
not
have a cartridge, slip the end of the tape into the shoe
at the lower right of the reel.
1If the reel has a cartridge,
place
it
on
the
hub
so
that
the
projections
from the
cartridge fit into the two reel-positioning guides.
The
pin
on
the
motor
face
plate should go into the opening on the
tape

cartridge

Press
START

toggle.

LOAD REWIND to
1load
to place the unit on

the
line.

tape

automatically.

Press

Dismounting
l.

Press

RESET

and

then

UNLOAD

REWIND.

When
reel

7.4.1.3

TU70,

TU71,

Press

the HUB/WINDOW UP

Push the tape onto right-hand hub so that
the
clockwise.
(The tape snaps onto the hub and is

the window has opened, remove the
lock release and pulling the reel

and TU72 Drives

(Refer

tape
by
opening
from the hub.

the

to Figure 7-12)

Mounting

button

open

the

transport window.

tape
unwinds
automatically

secured.)

Ensure that
the

the

end of

RESET

button,

tape

is not

twisted and

lies

flush

Press

the

Press

LOAD REWIND

Press

START.

causing

button,

READY

light

the

putting
goes

window

the

tape

close.

load

point.

on.

If the tape did not load correctly, the MACHINE CHECK
will
flash,
and
the window will open.
The operator
then reposition the
tape
and
repeat
steps
4,
5,
described

above.

Dismounting
l.

reel.

Press

RESET.

button
should
and
6

DEVICE

Figure

7-11 TU40

OPERATION

Series Magnetic Tape Drive

DEVICE

Figure

7-12

TU70

OPERATION

Series

Magnetic

Tape

Drive

OPERATION

DEVICE

Press

Pull

UNLOAD

REWIND

completely and
the

tape

the

off

button

causing

the

tape

transport window to open.

the

rewind

hub.

NOTE

The TU70 series magnetic tape drives are
able
to accommodate tape reels that are
enclosed in cartridges.
When
mounting,
the
cartridge must be positioned on the
hub so that the two tabs on either
side
of the cartridge toggle fit into the two
slots on the left side of the right-hand
hub.
(The
cartridge
toggle
will
automatically be opened in
the
1loading
process
and
closed
1in
the
unloading
process.)

7.4.1.4

TU45 Drives

(Refer

to Figure

7-13)

Mounting

The supply reel (reel to be read or written) is located at the top
of
the
transport.
The
tape
must unwind from the supply reel when the
reel is turned in a clockwise direction.
Position
the
reel
on
the
gquick-release
hub
and
depress the hub actuator.
Thread the tape as
follows:

Toward the arrow to the upper

left of

Over

from right

Down and to the

Slightly

Down and to the

Down

Up and

the

two

top guide wheels

right

under

the

right,

left of
and down,

left of

the upper
to go

the

supply reel
to

left

white guide wheel

under

lower

the

head

white guide wheel

capstan

toward

the

arrow to the

left of

the

takeup reel

Wrap the tape leader onto the take-up reel so that the
tape
will
be
wound onto the reel when it is rotated clockwise.
Wind at least three
turns onto the take-up reel.
Remove all slack in the tape path.

After the tape has been loaded and checked for correct seating in
the
guides,
position
the
tape
at
the
Load Point by pressing the LOAD
switch.
Recheck tape tracking in the guides and close the dust
cover
door.

NOTE

The transport door should remain
during
normal
operation
to
maximum data reliability.

7-32

closed
achieve

DEVICE

OPERATION

TOP GUIDE WHEELS
SUPPLY REEL

POWER

LOAD/RESET

ON LINE
REWIND

FILE PROTECT

1600 CPI

GUIDE.
WHEEL

HEAD

GUIDE
WHEEL

TAKE-UP REEL
CAPSTAN

Figure

7-13

TU45

Magnetic

Tape

Drive

DEVICE

OPERATION

When the load cycle is complete, the tape will stop at the Load Point.
The transport
Then, if the ONLINE indicator is not 1lit, press ONLINE.
is now ready to receive additional commands.
Dismounting
To

unload

tape,

the

following:

Press

the

OFFLINE

Press

the

REWIND

(beginning

switch.

switch;

tape)

Press

the REWIND

unload

sequence.

the

tape will

rewind

the

BOT

start

marker.

switch

second

time;

this

will

NOTE

It is not necessary to wait for the tape to rewind to
the
BOT
marker
if an unload is desired;
press the
REWIND switch twice in succession and the
tape
will
rewind and unload.

Open

the

transport

7.4.2

door

and

remove

the

reel.

the

door.

Cleaning Magnetic Tape Drives

Cleanliness is essential
dirt trapped between the
Each day you
l.

should

Clean the
moistened
remove all

for proper operation.
head and the tape can

the

Minute

cause

particles

data errors.

following:

head.
Use
a
lint-free
<cloth
or
in
1isopropyl alcohol.
Wipe the head
accumulated oxide and dirt.

cotton
swab
carefully to

NOTE

not

use

rough

abrasive

cloths

<clean

the

head.

Clean the fixed guides, capstan, and vacuum
chamber
with
a
cotton
swab
moistened
with
1isopropyl
alcohol
to
remove
accumulated oxide and dirt.
The vacuum column
door
may
be
opened to gain access to the chamber surfaces.

Clean the

rotating

tape guides

a
lint-free
cloth
alcohol.
Wipe
the

accumulated oxide

or
cotton
surfaces

and dirt.

and rubber punch rollers
with
swab
moistened in isopropyl
carefully

remove

all

DEVICE

OPERATION

NOTE

Do not soak the guides with
excessive
solvent;
it
can
seep
into
the
guide
bearings,
causing
bearing
the
of
breakdown
a
or
contamination
lubricant.

7.5

DISK

DRIVES

Three types of disk drives with removable disk packs, along with their
are shown in Figures 7-14, 7-15, and 7-16.
panels,
control
operator
not

The RHS04 fixed-head swapping disk system does

require

operator

action.

7.5.1

Mounting and Dismounting Disk Packs

on
packs
The following steps describe how to mount and dismount disk
Extreme care must be
RP0O6 disk drives.
and
RP04,
RP03,
RP02,
the
put
not
Do
drive.
and
taken to avoid physical damage to the pack
anything
on
top of a drive except empty disk pack covers.
(Refer to
1in
controls mentioned
Figures 7-14, 7-15, and 7-16 for the operator
the

following

instructions.)

Mounting

Slide back or

lift the drive cover.

Remove the bottom plate from the disk pack container by means
the locking handle located on the underside of the bottom
of
plate.

Be sure that you
have
the
pack
with
the
<correct
visual
information
on
it;
slide
the pack straight down onto the
disk

drive

hub.

Turn the pack cover clockwise until the pack is

Pull

Close the drive cover and put the empty disk

Push or

When the READY light

position.

DO NOT

the pack

top of

FORCE THE COVER ONCE

cover

locked

IT STOPS TURNING.

straight up and off

1into

the pack.

the drive.

pack

cover

toggle the START/STOP switch to the START position.
is on,

the drive

ready.

Dismounting

Push or toggle the START/STOP switch to the STOP position and
wait until

the pack

Slide back

Slip the pack cover

lift

comes to a complete stop.

the drive cover.

straight down over

7-35

the pack.

DEVICE

Turn

the

cover

Lift

the

pack

Secure

the

locking
7.

7.5.2

Cleaning

counterclockwise

straight

located

drive

Disk

7.5.3

Packs

the

Disk

section

the

pack

free.

until

clears

the

drive.

the

pack

cover

means

the

bottom plate.

the

underside

the

Drives

outside
leave

Refer

until

cover.

Other than keeping the
clean,
you
should
representative.

Formatting

bottom plate

handle

the

OPERATION

called

of the
this

Formatting

drive
task

Disk

and the cover of the packs
to
your
field
service

Packs

Chapter

DEVICE

ENABLE

OPERATION

WRITE

DISABLE

7-14

RP03

Disk

START

READY }

gfifie

Figure

FILE

Drive

STOP

DEVICE OPERATION

CONTROLLER

SELECT
A

STNDBY

START

STOP

WRITE

PROTCT

DISABL

READY

UNSAFE

A/B
B

Figure

7-15

RP04

Disk

Drive

—

DEVICE

OPERATION

START

WRITE

CONTROL

PROTEU!

)

START

STANDBY

CONTROL A B

WRITE PROTECT

READY

DOOR LOCKED

CONTROL

STOP

UNSAFE

&4
LAMP TEST SWITCH

APPENDIX

TOPS-10

A.1

OPERATOR-PRIVILEGED

COMMANDS

INTRODUCTION

The commands in this
appendix
are
used
to
change
various
system
parameters
and,
therefore,
are
restricted to users logged in under
[1,2] or using device OPR.
The
commands
discussed
do
not
require
LOGIN, unless otherwise stated;
at completion they leave the terminal
in monitor mode.
(Note
that
operator-privileged
commands
for
the
OPSER system program are described in Section 4.1.2.1.)
The remainder of the operating system commands (commands
the
general
user)
are
described
1in
detail
1in
the
Operating System Commands manual.

A.2

COMMAND

ATTACH

available
to
DECsystem-10

DESCRIPTIONS

device

Function
The

ATTACH device command returns a previously DETACHed device
the
operator.
The
operator
must
then DEASSIGN the device
order to place it in the monitor pool of available resources.

Command

Format

ATTACH

dev

dev=the

device

which

the

operator

attaching.

Restriction
The

device

Associated
?NO

must

have

been

previously

DETACHed.

Messages

SUCH

DEVICE

The
specified
configuration.
?WASN'T

The

device

does

not

exist

DET

specified

device

not

detached.

this

monitor

TOPS~-10

ATTACH

OPERATOR-PRIVILEGED

COMMANDS

diskunit

Function
The

ATTACH

unit
Command

disk

now

unit command designates that the
specified
and the operator can then MOUNT packs on it.

disk

Format

ATTACH

diskunit/comment

diskunit=the
up,

e.g.,

disk

DPA2,

comment=text,

unit

whose

along
with
(PM=preventive

that

the

operator

wants

declare

RPA3.

first

two

characters

into

ERROR.SYS

the
command
as
configuration
changes
maintenance, CM=corrective maintenance).

Restrictions
The

unit

must

have

been

DETACHed

declared

DOWN

system

initialization.
Associated
?NO

Messages

SUCH

The

ATTACH

DEVICE

disk

unit

specified

does

not

exist.

job

Function
The ATTACH job command detaches the
current
connects the terminal to any job specified.
Command

job,

any,

and

Format

ATTACH

n[proj,prog]

n=the job
attached.

number

the

job

which

the

terminal

[proj,prog]=the project-programmer number of the
originator
of
the
desired job.
This argument may be omitted if it is
the same as the project-programmer
number
of
the
Jjob
to
which
the
terminal
1is
currently
attached.
The operator
(device OPR) or a user
logged-in
wunder
[1,2]
may
always
attach
to
a
Jjob
provided
the
proper
[proj,
prog]
is

specified.
Any

other

user,

interrogated
Associated
?NOT

even

for

the

with

operator

appropriate

privileges,

password.

Messages
A

JOB

The

job

number

specified

does

not

exist.

will

TOPS-10

OPERATOR-PRIVILEGED

COMMANDS

?CAN'T ATT TO JOB

The

DETACH

[proj,prog]

was

not

correct

for

the

job

number.

device

Function
The

DETACH

thus

device

making

command

assigns

the

specified

detached.

device

JOB

unavailable.

Command Format
DETACH

dev

dev=the

name

the

device

Restrictions
DSK

and

Associated

TTY

The

?CAN'T

ASSIGNED

device

DET

The
SUCH

JOB

specified

already

use.

DEV

user

attempting

detach

DSK

TTY.

DEVICE

The
specified
configuration.

DETACH

detached.

Messages

?ALREADY

?NO

cannot

device

does

not

exist

1in

this

monitor

diskunit

Function
The

DETACH disk unit command designates the specified
disk
unit
as
being
DOWN.
This is similar to declaring it DOWN at system
initialization.

Command

Format

DETACH

diskunit/comment

diskunit=the
e.g.,

DPAO,

disk

unit

the

operator

wants

declare

DOWN,

RPA4.

comment=text,

whose

along
with
(PM=preventive

first

two

characters

into

ERROR.SYS

the
command
as
configuration
changes
maintenance, CM=corrective maintenance).

Restrictions
The

unit

must

not

a DISMOUNT must be
may be DETACHed.

part

issued

of
for

mounted
the

file

structure;

structure.
then,

the

disk

is,
unit

TOPS-10

Associated
?NO

COMMANDS

Messages

SUCH

DEVICE

The
SET

OPERATOR-PRIVILEGED

disk

unit

specified

does

not

exist.

BREAK

Function

The address break facility of the
hardware
makes
available
to
users of the system, a powerful debugging facility.
To make this
feature available the monitor must set the address which the user
is breaking on into the address switches and the break conditions
into

the

operator

break

conditions
to

make

The

address

SET

break

BREAK

command

facility

allows

available

users;
it also allows the operator
to
prevent
it
from
being
available
to
wusers
if
he
wishes
to
make
the address break
facility available to system programmers for their exclusive use.
The
default
setting
when
the
monitor
1is loaded is SET BREAK
USERS.

Command

Format

SET

BREAK

USERS

gives users the address break
facility.
The
system
will
change
the
address
switches
and
break
conditions
for
programs being debugged using address break.
SET

BREAK

causes

USERS

the message

console
1if
facility.

the

?NOT AVAILABLE
user

attempts

to
to

typed

use

the

address

wuser's
break

Restrictions

The SET
in
the
command
Associated
?NOT

BREAK command
FGEN
dialog
also requires

depends
during
LOGIN.

specified
SET BREAK

Messages
AVAILABLE

The operator tried
break facility was

SET

on the value of FTSET as
system
dgeneration.
The

to SET BREAK NO
USERS
but
the
address
already in use by one or more users.

CORMAX

Function

The

SET CORMAX
CORMAX.
The
segments)

can

command

largest
be

used to
size
that

CORMAX-1.

change

any

the
system
parameter
job (sum of low and high

TOPS-10

OPERATOR-PRIVILEGED COMMANDS

Format

Command

CORMAX

SET

n=decimal number representing nK.
The minimum value of n is
ten
unless
changed
at
system
deneration
or
system
initialization

Associated

time.

Messages

None

SET

CORMIN

Function

The

SET CORMIN

command

used

change

the

system

parameter

CORMIN is the guaranteed amount of contiguous core that
CORMIN.
a single unlocked job can have.
This command is used only with a
monitor
a

that has

the capability of

locking

jobs

in core

(usually

real-time monitor).

Command

Format
CORMIN

SET

n=decimal

number

representing

nK.

This

argument

reguired.

Assoclated

Messages

None

SET

DATE

Function

The SET DATE command is used to change the date.
Note,
however,
that
this command does not check the validity of the argument as
is the case at system initialization.
Command

Format

SET

DATE

mm=1- or 2-character decimal number of month.
dd=1- or 2-digit decimal day of month.
yy=2-digit decimal year.
Associated
None

Messages

TOPS-10

SET

OPERATOR-PRIVILEGED COMMANDS

DAYTIME

Function

The
Command

SET DAYTIME

command

changes

the

time

day.

Format

SET

DAYTIME

n=decimal

number 0 through 2359, representing 24-hour
time,
hours * 100 + minutes.
This argument is required.

i.e.,
Associated

Messages

None

SET

MEMORY

Function

The SET MEMORY command allows the operator to
dynamically
alter
the
system
memory
configuration
without necessarily affecting
system operation.
The command is most useful for removing faulty
memory
from the system, returning repaired memory to the systen,
or reconfiguring systems that contain
multiple
CPU's.
If
the
command
1is successfully executed, the specified memory is set on
or off line.
Command

Format

SET

MEMORY

ON-LINE

SET

MEMORY

OFF-LINE

where

FROM

and TO

are

optional

portions

the

command

line.

n and m are numbers (n less than or equal to m) that specify
the
range
of
addresses that are to be set ON or OFF line.
The numbers are treated as
decimal
wunless
preceded
by
#
implying
octal.
If a number is followed by the letter P or
K,

the

range

pages

Restrictions
Available
Associated

(P)

blocks

(K).

'
only

systems

that

have

the

LOCK

facility.

Messages

?ATTEMPT

SET

MONITOR

MEMORY

OFF-LINE

The range of addresses specified in a
SET
MEMORY
OFF-LINE
command
overlaps the resident monitor.
The memory occupied
by the resident monitor cannot be set off-line.
?2JOB(S)

TOO

BIG

CONTINUE

?PROBLEM WITH JOB(S)

RUN

nl[progl],n2[prog2],...nn[progn]

If the range of addresses specified in a SET MEMORY OFF-LINE
command
were
taken
off-line, the jobs listed would be too
big to continue to run.
The job numbers and
program
names
are listed so that the operator can ATTACH to the jobs, KJOB
them, and type the command again if he wishes the command to
succeed.

TOPS-10 OPERATOR-PRIVILEGED COMMANDS

?2ATTEMPT TO SET MEMORY CONTAINING LOCKED JOBS OFF-LINE

?PROBLEM WITH JOB(S)

nl[progl]},n2[prog2],...nn[progn]

The range of addresses specified in a

memory

overlaps

command

containing

SET

MEMORY

OFF-LINE

the

operator

locked jobs.

numbers and program names are listed so - that

can

ATTACH

again,

?p NXM ERRS

the

ijobs,

The Job

KJOB them, and type the command

if he wishes the command to succeed.

FROM n TO m

the system
When a SET MEMORY ON-LINE command is executed,
references the memory in the range specified in the command
Should
to ensure that it actually exists and 1is on-line.
any nonexistent memory be encountered during this procedure,
the range of nonexistent locations (n,m) 1is reported on the
OPR terminal along with the number of errors (p) and the
memory in that range is treated as off-line.
SET NOMESSAGE

Function

The SET NOMESSAGE command is used by the operator to turn off the
once-a-minute message that is output when a peripheral device
The
such as a disk, magtape, or PDPll has dropped off-line.
message normally output is as follows:
UNIT

xxx WENT OFF-LINE

where xxxXx

is the unit name.

PLEASE POWER DOWN AND TURN IT ON AGAIN

When the unit is operating properly (that is, back on-line), the
effect of this command is cancelled. The once-a-minute message
will be restored for subsequent off-line conditions on the unit.
Command

Format

SET NOMESSAGE unit

unit=a peripheral unit name, e.g., DPA3,

RPA2,

PDP1ll 0 or PDPl1ll1l * for all front-end -11l's.
Associated

MTB,

MTA3,

Messages

None

SET

OPR

Function

The SET OPR command is used to change the terminal designated
OPR to another terminal while the system is running.
Command

Format

SET OPR TTYn
or

SET OPR CTY

TOPS-10

TTYn=the

CTY=the

Associated

name

OPERATOR-PRIVILEGED

the

terminal

the

console

COMMANDS

designated

front

OPR.

end.

Messages

None

SET

SCHED

Function
The

Command

SET

SCHED

command

changes

the

stored

scheduled

use

the

system.

Format

SET

SCHED

n is
word

octal and is
in COMMON.

regular

n=0

The

following

can

timesharing

bits

have

right

and

independent

further

LOGINs

allowed

further

LOGINs

from

not

answer

o)
]

the

STATES

operations.

meanings

and

several

concurrently.

n=1

batch

half

batch

specified

the

data

except

remote

from

CTY.

terminals,

and

sets.

only.

stand—-alone

Associated

n=100

device

mounts
intervention.

n=200

unspooling

n=400

operator

can

done

without

operator

allowed.
coverage.

Messages
None

SET

TTY

Function
When
the
than

used with a device argument, the SET TTY command declares to
scanner
service special properties of a terminal line other
the one on which the command is typed.
The device
argument

may

the

system.

used

modify

the

characteristics

any

terminal

line

TOPS-10

Command

OPERATOR-PRIVILEGED

COMMANDS

Formats

SET TTY TTYn:

word

SET

TTY TTYn:

word

TTY

TTYn:

word

This
controlled.
= the terminal whose line is to be
TTYn:
if omitted, the command is identical
optional;
is
argument
DECsystem-10
the
1in
described
command
TTY
SET
the
to
Operating

System Commands manual.

NO = the argument that determines whether
or cleared.
This argument is optional.

represent

word = the various words that
modified.

SET TTY TTYn:

The words

ALTMODE

are

a bit

is to be

bits

that

the

standard

ASCII

175

SET TTY TTYn:

NO ALTMODE

Restores the

SET TTY TTYn:

BLANKS

Restores multiple
feeds and

form feeds

SET TTY TTYn:

NO BLANKS

Suppresses

blank

175

and

individual
176.

and

ESCape

character
033
(initial
state
1if,
monitor generation, the TTYALT symbol
assigned a non-zero value).

codes

follows:

Converts the ALTMODE codes
176

may

set

identity of

at
is

the

carriage

return/line

lines

(consecutive

(initial

state).

the
after
feeds
return/line
carriage
first)
and
outputs
form
feeds
and
vertical
tabs
as
two
<carriage return
line feeds.
This is useful for a
video
display
terminal
in
order to increase
the
on
the amount of output which fits
screen.

SET TTY TTYn:

CRLF

Restores

SET TTY TTYn:

NO CRLF

The free carriage
of
end
the
at
carriage width is

(initial

the

state).

free

carriage

return

return normally output
exceeding the
1line
a
suppressed.

SET TTY TTYn:

DEBREAK

Notifies the system

SET TTY TTYn:

NO DEBREAK

Turns

that

the

terminal

TTYn:

DEBREAK

feature that allows the computer
a
has
2741
(Model
keyboard.
the
lock
to
Terminals)

off

the

SET

TTY

feature.

SET TTY TTYn:

ECHO

Restores
the
normal
echoing
of
each
Most terminals on
in.
typed
character
the DECsystem-10 are used in full-duplex
mode
which means that the terminal does
not print each
character
as
the
user
types
1it.
Instead
the monitor echoes

A-9

TOPS-10

OPERATOR-PRIVILEGED

each

COMMANDS

character

typed

will

terminal

prints

does

not
characters

command

that

printed.

when

any

typed

can

the

used

the
If

typed

the

but

noncontrol

user,

then
this
establish normal

echoing.

(Initial setting determined by
installation when constructing its
monitor at system generation time.)
each

SET

TTY

TTYn:

ECHO

This

command

suppresses monitor
echoing
characters.
Local
copy
i.e.,
terminals
which

of
input
terminals
automatically
the

user
monitor

types

it)
echoing,

would

cause each
printed
twice.
stop

double

SET

TTY

TTYn:

ELEMENT

Changes

Model

copy

normal

the

echoing

typed
command is

This

to
used

each

<character

terminal.

(Initial

by each
installation
its monitor at system

time.)

the

typing

2741-type

numbers

character
require

because

printing

local

not

character

setting determined
when
constructing
generation

each

available

Element

element

number

terminals.

The

for

element

are:

Meaning

987

APL

029

Standard

087

Call

correspondence

963

360
Extended

938
988

APL

BCD

Note

SET

TTY

TTYn:

ELEMENT

BASIC

Binary

that

(EBCD)

the

SET

TTY

TTYn:

command

also

sets

the

terminal

SET

TTYn:

command

SET

TTY

TTYn:

TTY

Turns

off

the

ELEMENT

were

used.

ELEMENT

command.
SET

TTY

TTYn:

FILL

The

filler
terminal.
terminals

class

Many
are

DECsystem-10

assigned
different
suppor ted

operating

terminals

require

one

characters

sent

control

(LF)

characters

to
this
types
of
by
the

system.

the

Some

filler

following

certain

such

1line

feed

and

horizontal tab (HT).
Table A-1
illustrates the number of
fillers
sent

for

each

character

and

The

filler

characters

are

for

even
characters

parity)

(RUBOUT,

377

characters.
image
mode
determined

(CR,

class.

(215

octal

<carriage

return

215

octal)

for

and

DEL

all

other
No fillers are supplied for
output.
(Initial
setting
by
each
installation
when

constructing
its
generation time.)

A-10

for

filler

monitor

system

TOPS-10

SET

TTY

TTYn:

OPERATOR-PRIVILEGED

FILL

Equivalent

COMMANDS

TTY

FILL

(Initial

setting
is
determined
by
each
installation
when
constructing
its
monitor
at
system
generation
time.)
Fillers
for
output
and
echoing
are
determined from Table A-1.

Number

Character

Fillers

Octal

Number

Name

010

011

012

output
free

CR+++

CRLF

output

and

Fillers

HT
VT

SET

Table A-1
by Character

Filler

for

Filler

6
l

class

Class

013

014

015

3++

015-012

9++++

XON

021

TAPE

022

XOFF

023

NTAP

024

stop;

Output

+++

Refer

++++

Sum

TTY

0-3

TTYn:

spaces

tab

only;

fillers

the

SET

TTY

fillers

FORM

TTYn

CRLF

output

for

The

4-7

spaces

tab

stop.

input.
command.

terminal

and
VT
(initial

and

has

LF.

hardware

FORM

(vertical
tab)
setting
determined

(page)

characters
by
each

installation
when
constructing
monitor at system generation time).
SET

TTY

TTYn:

FORM

The

monitor

FORM

and

sends

four

(initial

eight

1line

setting

line

feeds

for

determined

for

TTY

TTYn:

GAG

Messages

transmitted

the

SEND

each

installation
when
constructing
monitor at system generation time).
SET

its

command

cannot
be
received
at
this
terminal
unless the terminal is at command
1level
(initial state).
SET

TTY

TTYn:

GAG

Messages

transmitted

the

SEND

command

can
be
received
at this terminal
though it is not at command level.
SET

TTY

TTYn:

IGNORE

Allows

The
SET

TTY

TTYn:

IGNORE

the

line

Turns

off

command.

A-11

operator

will
the

disable

ignored
SET

TTY

the

TTYn:

even

1line.

PDP-1l1.
IGNORE

TOPS-10

SET

TTY

TTYn:

The

OPERATOR-PRIVILEGED COMMANDS

translation of

input

uppercase

This

command

translate

1lowercase
is

character

suppressed.

causes

the

monitor

to
uppercase
as
they
are
received.
Frequently,
1t
1is convenient to have a
terminal
with
both
uppercase
and
lowercase
to
simulate
the behavior of
one with uppercase only.
This
command

causes

lowercase

the

characters

monitor

perform

'this

simulation.
The echo sent back
by
the
monitor
always
matches the case of the
characters
after
translation.
By
looking
at
the
printout, the user can
determine what translation was performed
by the monitor (initial state).
SET

TTY

TTYn:

PAGE

This command gives the user the
ability
to
temporarily
suspend
system typeout

without losing

it.

suspends

typeout,

("Q)

the

restores

it.

The

XOFF
and

The XOFF

key
the

XON

and XON

(°S)
key

keys

are
not
echoed and are not sent to the
user's program.
This command is
useful
for
video
display
terminals where the
user may want to read
before
it
disappears

page
of
text
from the screen.

Note that this preempts the
use
of
°8
and "Q for reading paper tape.
(See SET
TTY
SET

TTY

TTYn:

PAGE

TAPE.)

The

typeout control ability of the
XOFF
and
XON
keys is disabled.
The current
interpretation of these keys depends
on
the
1last
SET TTY TAPE command (initial
state)
.

SET

TTY

TTYn:

RTCOMP

Disables the "R
(reprint
after
making corrections)
job

status

execution)
to
SET

TTY

TTYn:

RTCOMP

SET

TTY

TTYn:

SLAVE

passed

Turns on the
The

without

features

specified

the

current
1line
and "T (print
interrupting

allowing "R and T

user

"R and the
terminal

program.

"T features.
becomes

slaved;

that is, no commands may be typed on
terminal.
The
terminal
may
then

the
be

ASSIGNed

by another user.
The operator
can slave
any
terminal
including
his
own.
(Initial setting 1is determined by
each installation when constructing
1its
monitor at system generation time.)
SET

TTY

TTYn:

SLAVE

The

specified terminal becomes unslaved;
that
1is,
commands
may now be typed on
the console.
If
a
user
terminal
1is
slaved,
the
operator
may
unslave
it
(since the operator is the
only
person
that
can give the command with a device
argument) .
If
OPR
1is
slaved,
the
operator
can
LOGIN
wunder
[1,2]
on
another
terminal
to
unslave
OPR.

A-12

TOPS-10

OPERATOR-PRIVILEGED

COMMANDS

(Initial
setting
1is determined by
installation
when
constructing
monitor at system generation time.)
SET

TTY

TTYn:

SPEED

Sets

the speed at which the system sends
and
receives characters to n baud (DC76
only).
(The user adjusts the
speed
at

the
SET

TTY

TTYn:

SPEED

each
its

terminal

setting

switch.)

Sets the terminal transmitting
n baud and the receiving speed

m,n

(DC76 only).
for
display
transmitting

speed
to
to m baud

(This 1is especially useful
terminals
as
they
allow
and receiving at
different

speeds.)
SET

TTY

TTYn:

The

TAB

terminal

has

every
eight
is determined
constructing

generation
SET

TTY

TTYn:

of
SET

SET

TTY

TTYn:

TAPE

SPACE

TAB

stops

set

time.)

The monitor
programs by

TAB

hardware

columns.
(Initial setting
by each installation
when
its
monitor
at
system

simulates
TAB
output
from
sending the necessary number

characters.

The XON key
read
paper

("Q) causes the terminal
to
tape.
The
XOFF
key (°S)

causes
the
paper tape.
free CRLF's

terminal
to
stop
reading
Rubouts will be ignored and
will not be sent.

The XON

("Q)

key

and the XOFF

key

(°S)

have
no
special
paper
tape function.
They may, however, have a PAGE function.
(See SET TTY TTYn:PAGE command.)
SET

TTY

TTYn:

Specifies
(for
Model
2741
terminals)
that
every
character
occupy one print
space.
The terminal normally types
out

TIDY

characters

user

[

SET

TTY

TTYn:

TIDY

what

the

prints

out

Turns

off

that

out
as

they

typed

“<.

appear

in.

For

the

same

example,

1In TIDY mode,

the

SET

TTY

TTYn:

TIDY

command.
SET

TTY

TTYn:

SET

TTY

TTYn:

SET

TTY

TTYn:

WIDTH

Equivalent

SET

TTY TTYn:

Equivalent

SET

TTY

LC.

The carriage width (the point at which a
free carriage return is inserted) 1is set
to n.
The range of n
1is
17
(two
TAB
stops)
to
200
decimal.
The
1initial
state is 72.

Restrictions
The

SET

TTY

command:

Requires

TTYn:

LC.

unslaving

OPR.

TOPS-10 OPERATOR-PRIVILEGED COMMANDS

Associated

Messages

None

SET

VMMAX

Function

The SET VMMAX command specifies the

maximum

memory

system.

available

all

users

the

amount

wvirtual

Format

Command
SET

VMMAX

nP
nk

where nP and nK are alternative arguments.
1K equals 1024 words, and 1P equals a page of 512 words.
If K and P are omitted, K 1s assumed.

After the execution of this command,
one of

the new value of

VMMAX

will

following:

the

The total amount of allocated swapping space,

The amount currently in use by all virtual memory users,

The value of n,

than the total

amount allocated.

is less than the total

Associated

if n is greater

amount in use.

if neither of the above

if n

is true.

Messages

None

XCHNGE

Function

The XCHNGE command enables a system with
a
bad
disk
wunit
to
user disruption by logically exchanging
wundue
continue without
disk drives and then having the operator physically exchange disk
packs.

Command

Format

XCHNGE diskunitl

diskunit2/comment

diskunitn=the disk unit the operator wants to exchange
another disk unit,

e.g.,

with

DPAO DPA2.

comment=text, whose first two characters go

into

along with the command as configuration changes

ERROR.SYS

(PM=preventive maintenance, CM=corrective maintenance).

TOPS-10

OPERATOR-PRIVILEGED COMMANDS

CAUTION

command
can
this
on
disk
packs
assumes
that
the
packs have been switched
physical
disk
both
For that reason,
by the operator.
be
powered
down
should
disk
drives
One
command.
the
before
issuing
does
take
monitor
precaution
the
issued
1s
to
whenever this command 1is
both
disk
drives
automatically
place
the
operator
to
It is up to
OFFLINE.
disk
packs
before
the
then
switch
placing the units back ONLINE.
of
Injudicious
use
information
monitor
because the
destroy

Restrictions
diskunitl
Associated

and

diskunit2

must

the

same

controller.

Messages

?XCHNGE

The
?XCHNGE

The

diskunitn?

disk

unit

diskunitl

two

disk

specified

does

not

exist.

diskunit2?

drives

are

different

controllers.

APPENDIX

RSX-20F

The

PARSER,

console
KL

and

B.1

You

RSX-20F

terminal
front-end

ENTERING
can

enter

CONSOLE

and

AND

EXITING

THE

the

PARSER

from

(control-backslash)

you

are

get

you

are

KLINIK,

currently

commands

various

entered

console

exit

B.2

the

TOPS-10

the

CTY.
a

monitor

communicating

with

communicating

with

another

task

and

CTRL/Z

are

CONSOLE

subset

four

the

PROGRAMMER

mode

TOPS-10

exit

the

job,

enter

RSX-20F

task

then

the

QUIT

command

use

console

(See

mode

modes

Section

that

you

B.4.)

CTRL/\

USER

mode

commands

you

will

mode

has

While

allows

only

those

allows

the

allows

effect

PARSER

PROMPTS

you

are

typing

CTRL/Z

set

modes

CTRL/\

the

following

character

PAR>

such

enter

the

character.

allowed

commands

via

all

PARSER

commands

the

full

PARSER

set

exiting

task,

that

will

except

commands.

the

PARSER

(equivalent

crash

diagnostic

PARSER

be prompted

not

QUIT

one

the

sequences:

indicate

that

the

processor

SET
which

use.

you will

the

determine

monitor.

command)
.

B.3

the

can

These

functions.
MAINTENANCE

the

MODES

PARSER

console

TOPS-10

type

PARSER

command.

OPERATOR

the

PARSER,

PARSER CONSOLE

There

the

PARSER

PARSER.

functions

PARSER.

currently

enter

accepts

performs

processors.

CTRL/\

the

PROCESSOR COMMANDS

program,

(CTY)

running

program.

RSX-20F

PAR%

indicate

but
PAR#

the

CONSOLE

that

the

clock

that

the

indicate

PROCESSOR COMMANDS

KL
on

processor
and

EXAMINES

clock

not
are

running

program,

allowed.

off.

NOTE

If you
during

should ever see
the
PAR#
prompt
timesharing, reload the system.

If the PARSER encounters an error during its
message will be typed preceding the prompt.

B.4

PARSER COMMANDS

When you

give

must

use

one

Several

FOR THE

commands
of

the

single

displayed

initialization,

error

OPERATOR

the

following

console

processor

command

language,

you

forms.

command

followed

commands

separated

If you need to
terminal,
end

continue a
the
1line

When you
command

the final <CR> of a
buffer
for invalid

<CR>

semicolons

and

ending

with

<CR>

line beyond a physical line
on
the
hyphen followed by <CR>.
The PARSER
will prompt you for the next line by typing
a
hyphen.
The
command
line
1is
complete
when
there
1is
a
<CR> that is not preceded by a
hyphen.
(The maximum number of characters in a command line is 280.)

press
1line

invalid character
of the command
PARSER begins
encounters
an

any

others

left

(LINE

command
with a

FEED or

command line, the PARSER scans
the
characters.
1If the PARSER finds an

ESCAPE)

the command line,

part

line 1is executed.
If the characters are all valid, the
executing
the
individual
commands.
If
the
PARSER
1invalid
command, it stops and that command as well as

the

command

line

are

not

executed.

There is a help facility built into the PARSER.
If you type ?
after
the prompt, the PARSER will output a list of available commands.
This
list will conform to the console mode in effect at the time.
In
the
example below, the console was in OPERATOR mode.
—————
PAR>?
PARSER

COMMANDS

ABORT

CLEAR
EXAMINE

JUMP

MCR
REPEAT

RUN

SET

SHUTDOWN

QUIT

WHAT
PAR>

ARE:

Example

-----

RSX-20F

You

can

also

type

1in

CONSOLE

place

PROCESSOR COMMANDS

the

argument

command

what
arguments
are available for that command.
Again,
reflect only those arguments available to you
based
on
mode in effect at the time.

PAR>EXAMINE
EXAMINE

find

out

the list will
the
console

COMMANDS

ARE:

DTE-20
ELEVEN
KL

TEN

DECREMENT
INCREMENT
NEXT

PREVIOUS
THIS
PAR>

The following commands comprise the subset of
the
console
processor
command
language
allowable
1in
OPERATOR console mode.
They are the
commands relevant to your functions as an operator.

the

subsequent

conventions

are

command

Any

single

A multiple choice
means

formats,

the

following

notational

used:

that

argument

must

list,
entry

specified.

enclosed
is

in special

optional.

brackets

default

entry

[ ]

will

specified.

3. A multiple choice list, enclosed in braces { }’ , Mmeans that
one

the

entries

must

specified.

ABORT

This command stops the KL processor by forcing
it
1into
a
HALT
loop.
Use this command only when the SHUT DOWN command fails to
come up with the
DECSYSTEM-10
NOT
RUNNING
or
the
**HALTED**
message.

CLEAR

CONSOLE

This

CLEAR

command

forces

the

console

into OPERATOR mode.

INCREMENT

This command sets the increment counter
EXAMINE INCREMENT/DECREMENT commands.)

CLEAR

zero.

(Refer

the

MEMORY

This

command

PDP-10

forces

memory.

all

subsequent

EXAMINE

commands

reference

RSX-20F

CONSOLE

PROCESSOR COMMANDS

CLEAR NOT

This combination
an

CLEAR

argument.

is the equivalent of a SET command and

(Refer

the SET

commands.)

requires

REPEAT

This

EXAMINE

command

sets

the

command

line

repeat counter

zero.

This command types out the contents of

the KL program counter

octal.

EXAMINE

This

command

types

out

the

contents

the

program

counter

(PC)
and virtual memory address register (VMA), the state of the
priority interrupt system (PI), and the PC flags;
all in octal.

EXAMINE

[[TEN

ELEVEN

addr

INCREMENT
DECREMENT
PREVIOUS
THIS
NEXT

This command
location

TEN

ELEVEN

types

command.
will

There

contents

the

command

will

specified

core

specifies

that this
in KL10

specifies

that

addresses

nor

will

this command will

PDP-11

ELEVEN

reference

physical

memory.

reference word

(even)

memory.

are

specified,

determined

If no SET MEMORY command has

the

been

the

memory

most

recent SET

MEMORY

the

specific

memory

issued,

PDP-10 memory

referenced.

are

location;

addr

the

addresses

If neither TEN
referenced

out

octal.

six
one

arguments
of

them must

determine
entered.

is the location address
number when referencing

in octal.
This
the PDP-11.

must be

INCREMENT means add the contents of the increment counter
address
of
the
location
last
examined
to

current location

PDP-11
memory,
are ignored and
give

DECREMENT means

the

same

subtract

examined.

When

an even

to
get

the
the

referencing

the
contents of the increment counter
both EXAMINE INCREMENT and EXAMINE NEXT

result.

the

contents

the

1increment

counter

from
the
address of the location last examined to get
the current location to be examined.
When
referencing
PDP-11
memory,
the contents of the increment counter
are ignored and
both
EXAMINE
DECREMENT
and
EXAMINE
PREVIOUS

give

the

same

B-4

result.

RSX-20F

means

CONSOLE

examine

PROCESSOR COMMANDS

the

word

the

one

last

examined.

JUMP

THIS

means

re—-examine

means

examine

the

word

that

after

was

the

last

examined.

one

examined.

addr

This

command

and

then

address

MCR

the

starts

exits

with

the

processor

the

addr

octal,

PARSER.

maximum

value

17777777

1location

specified

positive,

non-zero

octal.

filename

This command loads
the file name of a

and starts a
PDP-11 task.

This

the

PDP-11

program.

filename

must

1line

QUIT

command

REPEAT nnn;
This

exits

command

nnn

will

number
is

execute

the

command

language.

The

command

the

280

the

command

line

the
two
number of

rest

factor

and

1is

contain

buffer

line.

many

REPEAT

will

examine

The

command:
REPEAT

execute

the

command

decimal,

Also,

SET

You

REPEAT

can

command
to

will

nest

EXAMINE

the

ten

EXAMINE

the

positive,

1is

arrive

times.

PC;

following

EXAMINE

REPEAT

sequence:

EXAMINE

fit

REPEATs

command:

10;

commands

limitation.

repeat
factors
are multiplied
times commands are repeated.

example,

the

number.

can

character

the

times.

repeat

non-zero

will

processor

[commandl; command?2; ...]

specified

For

console

1in
at

the

within
within
effect,
actual

RSX-20F

CONSOLE

PROCESSOR COMMANDS

I1f SET REPEAT 4 had been previously
would be repeated four times.

entered,

If no commands are specified,

effect

the

above

that

sequence

null

command.

RUN

filename

This command performs the same function as the MCR command.

SET CONSOLE

}_MAINTENANCE_
OPERATOR
PROGRAMMER

t USER

—ted

You must use this command to change the subset of PARSER commands
that
you can subsequently execute.
Entry and exit to the PARSER
does

not

change

MAINTENANCE

allows

OPERATOR

mode.

all

PARSER commands.

allows only those commands that can not crash the

TOPS-10

PROGRAMMER

monitor.

allows all commands except

PROGRAMMER

USER

SET

console

the

default

diagnostic

argument.

allows no PARSER commands;
the command language as

INCREMENT

functions.

1its effect is to leave

in the QUIT command.

nnn

This command sets the
nnn

increment counter

to the value specified.

is any
octal
number
(36-bit
maximum)
and
must
Dbe
specified.
Note
that
if
the value 1is zero, EXAMINE
INCREMENT
and
EXAMINE
DECREMENT
both
function
as
EXAMINE
THIS.
Also,
1if
the
value is negative, the
functions of EXAMINE INCREMENT
and
EXAMINE
DECREMENT
are
reversed.
The
initial
value
of
the increment
counter

SET MEMORY

zero.

{ELEVEN}
TEN

This command forces all subsequent EXAMINE commands to
the memory

specified.

ELEVEN

means

reference

PDP-11

memory.

TEN

means

reference PDP-10

memory.

The

command

initialized,

SET

has

default.

PDP-10 memory

When

references

the

are

system

in effect.

reference

first

NOT

This combination
1is
requires an argument.

the
equivalent
of
a
CLEAR
command
(Refer to the CLEAR commands.)

B-6

and

RSX-20F

SET

REPEAT

CONSOLE

PROCESSOR COMMANDS

nnn

This command sets the repeat counter to the value specified.
All
subsequent command lines will be repeated that number of times.
nnn

decimal,

positive,

non-zero

number

and

must

Dbe

specified.
(See

the

value

REPEAT
the

command

repeat

for

example

counter

one.

its

use.)

The

1initial

SHUTDOWN

This command stops the KL timesharing system
without
causing
a
reload.
This
command is used to stop the TOPS-10 monitor after
the

TOPS-10

system
type

WHAT

OPSER

jobs.

command,

control

reenter

KSYS,

the

has

1logged

off

PARSER

after

issuing

all

user

and

this

command,

the

console

backslash.

CONSOLE
INCREMENT
MEMORY
REPEAT

VERSION

This

command

types

the

requested

information

terminal.
CONSOLE

INCREMENT

types

out

the

current

console

types

out

the

contents

out

the

mode.

the

1increment

counter

1in

octal.

MEMORY

types

referenced
REPEAT

types

type

out

EXAMINE

the

memory

that

1is

<currently

being

commands.

contents

the

repeat

counter

1in

decimal.
VERSION

B.5

types out the version
RSX-20F monitor.

following

the

list

contains

PARSER while

message
PAR

any

the

PARSER

and

the

caused an
command.

[command

name]

error in the
For example,

PAR>KLEAR

will
PAR

the

error

the

three

code

message

messages
console

that

may

modes.

name of the command
name can be PARSER

that
if you

The

the

[PARSER]

caused
typed a

command
parser,
rather
than
if you type an invalid command:

CONSOLE

receive
--

all
of

output

format

1is:

The command name is the
However,
this
command

you

PARSER ERROR MESSAGES

The

each

number

error

message:

NSK

SUCH

KEYWORD

B-7

"KLEAR"

1in

the
error.
string that

specific

RSX-20F

However,

you

PAR>CLEAR

you

will

short

the

[CLEAR]

explanation

operator

PROCESSOR COMMANDS

invalid

argument:

error

message:

KONSOLE

receive

PAR
A

type

CONSOLE

action,

NSK

each

where

CODE

MESSAGE

AND

AMB

AMBIGUOUS

SUCH

KEYWORD

error

"KONSOLE"

message

1included

along

with

PARSER
found
you typed.

necessary.

EXPLANATION

KEYWORD

where xxx 1s the
than one keyword

"xxx"

ambiguous
matching

keyword.
The
abbreviation

the

NOTE

The

PARSER

complete

the

APE

APR

The

BAE

subset

PARSER

Call

BURST

ARGUMENT

ERROR

was

CRAM

There

was

<code>

the

code

CAN'T

STOP

either

FIND

PARSER

your

field
IS

tried

However,

error

field

line

mode

you

(nonexistent

service

are

1in.

memory,

parity

representative.

programming

failure.

Notify

vyour

©programming

failure.

Notify

vyour

two

<code>

CRAM,

and

reload

the

1in

FS-STOP.

internal

your

field

This

hardware

service

via

DISK

you

reload

Note

representative.

DECtape,

the

happens

error.
or

via

the

microcode.

halt

the

and

failed

so.

Notify

representative.

NOT

REPEATABLE

repeat

the

characters

LOOP

service

FM,

that

280

lines.

STOP

fatal

system

over

command

ERROR

call

provided

HALT

tried

was

DRAM,

encounters

that

received,

The

You

console

the

OVERFLOW

COMMAND

CPU

1internal

command

CPU

try

switch

CNR

ERROR

Also

the

against
regardless

ERROR

Reenter

when

your

internal

BUFFER

typed

CLOCK

arguments

contact.

length.

CFH

ADDRESS

COMMAND

You

abbreviation
and

contact.

software

CES

encountered

etc.).

your

commands

allowable

error,

software

CBO

ERROR

There

CAE

matches

set

command

a
has

command
been

that

executed

cannot
once.

repeated.

RSX-20F

CPE

CAN'T

PHASE

CONSOLE

PROCESSOR COMMANDS

EBOX

There was an internal hardware error.

Call your field service

representative.

CSK

CAN'T START

The PARSER tried to start the KL and failed to
your

DCK

field service

DIVIDE

representative.

so.

Call

CHECK

software

your

Call

There was an internal programming error.
contact.
DMF

FAILED

MEMORY

DEPOSIT

programming

There was an internal

accept a deposit directive.

DNP

DTE-20

This

NOT

DSF

DTE-20

The DTE-20 mode switch

DTC

your

This

FAILED

software

CONFUSED

ECT

EBOX

DTE

status

registers

RUN

AND

HALT

The

LOOP

run and halt

1impossible

loop flags

situation.

Call

CLOCK

EXAMINE

the KL

the halt loop within the allotted time.

MEMORY

FAILED

programming

accept an examine directive.,

END

failed

Call your

contact.

There was an internal
EOC

set

TIMEOUT

reenter

software
EMF

were

vyour field

representative.

While the PARSER was doing an execute function,
to

failed.

contact.

is a fatal error.

simultaneously,

service

in the wrong

contact.

STATUS

DTE-20

Call your field service representative and/or your

A read or write to one of the
Call

software contact.

PRIVILEGED

is a fatal error.

position.
software

didn't

RSX-20F

failure.

Call your

COMMAND

Call

failure.

your

RSX-20F

didn't

software contact.

REQUIRED

The command was ended with
a
?
and
no
further
arguments
exist.
Retype the command and press carriade return.
EPE

EBUS

PARITY

ERROR

This a fatal error.
The PARSER
encountered
an
error.
Call your field service representative.
ESD

EBOX

STOPPED

EBUS

parity

DEPOSIT

The PARSER executed a deposit directive and found that the
clock

was

stopped.

RSX-20F

ESE

EBOX

STOPPED

CONSOLE

EXAMINE

The PARSER executed
clock was stopped.
FRF

FUNCTION

FWF

the

code

the

contact.

FUNCTION

WRITE

code

the

function

vyour

field

the

and

found

that

the

KIL

that

failed.

service

system

This

1is

representative

crashes,

try

fatal

and

reload

your

it.

the

function

that

failed.

This

fatal

Call

software

your
field
service
representative
and
vyour
contact.
If the system crashes, try to reload it.

FUNCTION

XCT

the

code

FAILED

the

error.

Call

software

contact.

ILLEGAL

function

your

field

FUNCTION

the

was an internal
1illegal
function
software contact.

ILLEGAL

CHARACTER

the

converted

Sections

B.l

ILLEGAL

system

failed.

This

representative

crashes,

programming

read,

try

fatal

and

reload

your

it.

error.

write

The
execute

translation

of
an
are
preceded by
printing equivalent for

characters
their

through

SEPARATOR

PARSER

received
Call your

code.

"c"

printer's

Non-printing

that

service

CODE

ILS

directive

FAILED

There

ILC

examine

FAILED

software

IFC

Call

error.

FXF

READ

error.

PROCESSOR COMMANDS

1illegal
an

character.

up-arrow

output.

B.4.)

CHARACTER

(")

and

(Refer

"s"

the

printer's
translation
of
an
1illegal
separator
Control
characters
are
preceded by an up-arrow
().
(Refer to Sections B.1l through B.4.) Note that each
tab
is converted to a single space.

character.

I0C

ILLEGAL

The

IRC

ITN

KCN

OPCODE

PARSER

tried

format.

Call

ILLEGAL

REPEAT

You

typed

SET

REPEAT

The

RUN

CLOCK

the

instruction

with

1illegal

negative

argument

either

the

REPEAT

NAME

MCR

tried
and

contact.

COUNT

zero

TASK

execute

software

command.

ILLEGAL

You

your

command

was

entered

with

argument.

OFF

execute

clock

was

command

off.

that

requires

the

clock

RSX-20F

KLA

ADDRESS

CONSOLE

PROCESSOR COMMANDS

ERROR

You specified an EXAMINE or DEPOSIT
that
was
out
of
range
(over 22
octal

KLR

KNC

format.

ILLEGAL

COMMAND

CONTINUABLE

NOT

tried

the

KL
command.
MRA

MISSING

You

execute

resume

was

not

REQUIRED

didn't

command,
NER

WHILE

You tried
running.

You

command with a KL
address
bits), negative, or not in

NUMERIC

command

that

processing

with

continuable

illegal

the

while

CONTINUE

state.

there

all

EXPRESSION

the

error

arguments
in

after

You

NUMBER

OUT

specified

number
NSK

NST

OAI

SUCH

XXX

SUCH

base.

necessary

You

specified
command.

ODD

ADDRESS

number

that

was

Section

SET

occur

out

range

the

wrong

"xxx"

keyword.

(Refer

Section

B.4.)

nonexistent

task

argument

examine

internal

PARENTHESIS

CLOCK

the

MCR

odd-numbered

PDP-11

address.

This

CODE

You specified
missing.
SCF

and

also

B.4.)

programming

error.

Call

contact.

RIGHT

argument

can

ILLEGAL

FUNCTION

There was

RPM

the

RANGE

incorrect

RUN

ODD

for

TASK

You tried
illegal.
OFC

but

RESET

REQUIRED

(Refer

KEYWORD

syntax.

command expects a numeric expression as
an
something else was entered.
This error message
if the command syntax is in error.

INPUT

command

i.e.,

The

NOR

the

ARGUMENT

specify

RUNNING

vyour

software

MISSING

numeric

expression

with

right

parenthesis

FAILED

The command
set.
This

parser
1is

representative.

cannot

validate the parameter
hardware
error:
call your

has

field

just

service

RSX-20F

SPF

SET

PARITY

CONSOLE

PROCESSOR

COMMANDS

FAILED

The command parser cannot validate the parameter
set.
This
1is
a
hardware
error;:
call your

it
has
Just
field service

representative.
SZI

TAA

START

ZERO

You

tried

TASK

You
UEC

to start

ALREADY

issued a RUN

UNMATCHED

the KL at

location

zero;

this

MCR command while
-

another

NOT

COMMAND

NOT

XTO

current
EXECUTE

AVAILABLE

console
TIMED

1internal

LOADED

The command just issued
PAR>
prompt
to obtain
the

active.

"xxx"

Reload the system via DISK
or
DECtape,
or
via
register, provided that you reload the microcode.
WRM

illegal.

task was

unmatched
error
code.
There
was
error.
Notify your software contact.

MICROCODE

1is

ACTIVE

ERROR CODE

XXX is
an
programming
UNL

ILLEGAL

THIS

CONSOLE

the

switch

MODE

is not available.
Type a
?
to
the
a listing of the commands available in

mode.

OUT

While performing an execute function, the KL failed to reenter
the
halt
1loop
within
the
allotted
time.
Call your field
service

representative.

APPENDIX

The KL
method
When

initialization program,
operation.

PROGRAM

KLINIT,

(KLINIT)

has

both

default

and

you

does

load

the

system

path

1is

taken

the

following

Loads

the

via

without
KL

front-end

Configures

DISK

the

asking

processor

Configures and
configuration
the

the

through

microcode file on
KL10A, UB.MCB for

the
the

DECTAPE

load

initialization

dialog

you

any

from

load

the

device.

appropriate

(UA.MCB

load

and

device,

interleaves

starts

the

disk

The

bootstrap

TOPS-10
If

you

KLINIT.

not

all

cache

memory

want

all
you

the

1is

enabled.

according

the

KLINIT

present on
configured

a
file
by
device.
The
in effect at

these

Configure

cache

Configure

4.,

Load

Specify

Load

enter

the

and

1loads

the

defaults,

the

bootstrap

program

located

and

file
you

starts

the

default

SYS:SYSTEM.EXE.

must

enter

the

dialog

mode

following:

microcode.
memory

memory

start

any

switches

start

dialog,

BOOT.EXB.

then

located

can

Verify

and

default

file,

program

monitor

Then,

the

DECtape

switch with

the

time.

Loads

for

enables cache memory according to
the
KLINIT
file,
KL.CFG.
1If this file is not present on

If the KL.CFG file did not exist, KLINIT creates
that
name
and
stores it on the front-end load
file contains the cache and memory configuration

the

dialog.

questions:

microcode

front-end
KL10B.)

switch,

operator

configuration
file,
KL.CFG.
1If this file 1s not
the front-end load device, all available memory is
with the highest possible interleaving.

default
It

INITIALIZATION

least

you

the

system

it.

1it.

program.

bootstrap

monitor

switches

want

bootstrap

any

load

program.

from disk
using

and

the

set.

magnetic
switch

(See

tape.

Section

1load

3.2.3.)

During

the

dialog,

All

INITIALIZATION

the

answers

following

PROGRAM

rules

question

(KLINIT)

apply:

must

end

with

<CR>

(carriage

return).

RUBOUT

Typing

DELETE

only

question.

<CR>

CTRL/U deletes

unless

all

operator
rewriting

current

the

default

the

answer

first answer

the

listed.

dialog
and
exits
the KL.CFG file.

the

line.

default

the

rest of

the

dialog

answers.

any question returns you
stated

RESTART
in

the

the ENTER DIALOG question skips

assumes

BACK

character.

selects

CTRL/Z terminates
the
RSX-20F monitor without

The default answer

and

C.1

deletes

the

question

otherwise.

to the EXIT question goes back

the

first

question

dialog.

Pressing ESCape
at
any
point
restarts
the dialog.
Note that
terminal.

10.

An unacceptable
the question to

answer results
be repeated.

11.

The dialog continues with
stated otherwise.

12.

The minimum truncation for
the first two characters.

the

any

1in
a
reply,
before
<CR>,
ESCape does not echo on your

error

message

question

answer

other

and

1listed

than

causes

unless

filename

1is

KLINIT OPERATOR DIALOG

The

following are all the
possible
questions
from
KLINIT
and
the
acceptable
answers.
However, depending on the answers that you give,
some guestions may be omitted in an actual dialog.
When
a
question
from
KLINIT
appears
on
your
console
terminal,
it 1s preceded by
KLI --.
KLINIT then prompts for
an
answer
with
KLI>.
Therefore,
during

the

KLI

question

actual

dialog

[ansl,

the

format

1is:

ans2,...]?

KLI>

The
brackets
[
questions,
are

],
for

used
1in
<clarity

the
following
explanation
of
KLINIT
only;
do not type brackets around your

answers.

ENTER DIALOG

Ans.

[NO,YES,EXIT,BOOT]?

[NO]

means

questions.
take

Ans.

[YES]

the

assume

This

default

continues

the

default

the

answers

last chance

for

all

to bypass

the

remaining

the dialog

path.

the dialog

and asks the

next question.

and

KL INITIALIZATION PROGRAM
Ans.

[EXIT] means
discontinue
RSX-20F monitor.

Ans.

[BOOT] skips
directed
by
standard
defaults

RELOAD
Ans.

MICROCODE

dialog

and

return

the

the rest of the dialog, enables cache memory as
KL.CFG,
and
immediately loads and starts the
bootstrap
program
found
1in
BOOT.EXB.
No
taken when this option is selected.

KL
are

[YES,VERIFY,NO]?

[YES]
1loads
the
KL10
microcode
file
on
the

the

(KLINIT)

microcode
from
the
bootstrapping device

appropriate
into the KL10

processor.

Ans.

[VERIFY] verifies that the microcode in the
KL10
processor
matches
the
microcode in the appropriate microcode file on
the bootstrapping device.

Ans.

[NO]

RECONFIGURE
Ans.

neither

CACHE

[FILE]

loads

nor

verifies

[ALL]
with

microcode.

[FILE,ALL,YES,NO]?

means

configure

cache

memory

configuration
file,
KL.CFG.
all cache memory is enabled.
CONFIGURE KL MEMORY question.
Ans.

the

means enable
CONFIGURE

the

cache
MEMORY

[NO] means do not reconfigure cache
memory;
configuration
1is left unchanged.
The dialog
the CONFIGURE KL MEMORY question.

[ALL]

Ans.

[NONE]

Ans.

[n,n,...]
(where n
caches specified.

means

enable

means

MEMORY

1in

the

under

dialog

continues

control.

the
existing
continues with

[ALL,NONE,O0-3]

Ans.

CONFIGURE

memory

dialog

Ans.

CACHES

cache

memory.
The
question.

[YES]

WHICH

configure

specified

Ans.

ENABLE

means

all
KL

If this file does not exist,
The dialog continues with
the

all

disable
is

cache

all
0,

memory.

cache

memory.

means

enable

only

the

[FILE,ALL,YES,NO]?

NOTE

return

of
you

BACK
to

to
the

this

question

RECONFIGURE

will
CACHE

question.

Ans,

[FILE]
means
configuration

configure
KL
file,
KL.CFG.
assumed.
The dialog

memory
as
specified
1in
the
If this file does not exist,
continues
with
the
LOAD
KL

[ALL]
is
BOOTSTRAP question.
If the configuration in the KL.CFG file
is
not
<consistent
with
the
setting
of
the
memory
interleaving
switches,
an
error message is issued and the
dialog restarts with the first question.

Ans.

configures KL memory with as much memory
as
possible
the highest interleaving possible consistent with
setting of
the
memory
interleaving
switches
on
the
units.

BOOTSTRAP

[YES]

the

[NO]

means

LOAD
INTERLEAVE

configure

continues

physical

not

BOOTSTRAP

MEMORY

[OPTIMAL]

memory
1is

under

asked,

memory

configure

configuration

with

the

LOAD

dialog

KLINIT

control.
examines

Before

memory

and

map.

memory

remains.

The

all.

dialog

The

continues

with

the

question.

[OPTIMAL,4,2,1]?

means

interleaving
memory

dialog

question

out

memory

The

question.

prints

Ans.

(KLINIT)

with

the
memory

Ans.

PROGRAM

[ALL]

and

Ans.

INITIALIZATION

configure

possible

interleaving

memory

consistent

switches

with

the

memory

highest

setting

the

units.

Ans.

[4] means 4-way interleaving.
A test is
performed
on
the
available
memory
to see if 4-way interleaving is possible.
If it is, the available
memory
1is
configured
with
4-way
interleaving.
Otherwise, an error message is issued and the
question 1is repeated.

Ans.

[2] means
2-way
1interleaving.
A
test
1s
made
on
the
available
memory
to see if 2-way interleaving is possible.
If it is, the available
memory
is
configqured
with
2-way
interleaving.
If
not,
an error message 1s issued and the
question is repeated.

Ans.

[1] means configure
interleaving.

LOAD

BOOTSTRAP

all

available

memory

with

1l-way

[YES,NO,filename]?

NOTE

return

BACK

you

this

the

question

CONFIGURE

will
MEMORY

question.

Ans.

[YES]

means

the

default

into

memory

from

the

which

the

program

RSX-Binary
over;

you

read

version
will

now

bootstrap program
bootstrap

BOOT.EXB

.SAV

device.

file).

communicating

to
The

(.EXB

loaded

file

from

denotes

The

KLINIT

with

the

dialog

bootstrap

program.

Ans.

When

the

bootstrap

program

has

will

prompted

with

BTS>.

TOPS-10

monitor

default

monitor,

[NO]

means

memory.
Ans.

(See

[filename]

KL
the

the

(XXXXXXXXX.YYy)
9-alphanumeric

1loaded

been

loaded

Enter
or

press

and

the

started,

filename

<CR>

you

the

get

the

into

SYS:SYSTEM.EXE.

bootstrap program
next

question.)

name

the

filename

C-4

alternative

1loaded.

character

XXXXXXXXX
of

the

loaded

bootstrap
1s

the

bootstrap

file
1-

to
and

INITIALIZATION

PROGRAM

(KLINIT)

VYY
is
the
l1to
3-alphanumeric
character
filename
extension.
If only
a
filename
1is
specified,
a
default
extension
of
L(EXB
1is
assumed.
This
file
must
be
1in
RSX-Binary format.
The KLINIT dialog is over;
you will now
be communicating with the bootstrap program.

NOTE

The

following

when
NO
question.

EXIT

[YES,RESTART]?

Ans.

[YES]

Ans.

[RESTART]

exits

Before

KLINIT

loads

cache

memory

was

answered

the

RSX-20F

means
the

question

1is

restart

asked

the

dialog.

program,

1If

only

monitor.

the

bootstrap

configured.

1is

the

checks

the

see

1if

RECONFIGURE

the

CACHE

question was NO, KLINIT configures the cache according to
the
KL.CFG
file.
If the KL.CFG file does not exist, KLINIT configures all cache.
In the latter situation, a KL.CFG file is created and
stored
on
the
front-end

When

the

load

bootstrap

prompted

with

specified).
press

C.2

device.

<CR>

Enter
to

program

BTS>
get

has

(or

the
the

been

BTM>

filename
default

loaded

and

the

monitor

started

magnetic

TOPS-10
from

you

tape

monitor

will

bootstrap

was

loaded

SYS:SYSTEM.EXE.

KLINIT MESSAGES

There

are

four

programs:

classes

messages

informational,

issued

warning,

dialog

the

error,

1initialization

and

system error

messages.

C.2.1

Informational

function.

Messages

messages

The

indicate

message

text

The

informational

messages

KLI

ENABLED

KLI

ALL

CACHES

All

four

BOOTSTRAP

KLI

the

LOADED

bootstrap

processor

AND

normal

particular

bootstrap

"KLI

--".

caches

have

been

has

messages

been
that

program

1loaded

being

DISABLED

cache

memory

completion

KLINIT

has

enabled.

STARTED

program

Any

All

the

preceded

are:

started.

CACHES

been

disabled.

will

used.

into
be

KL
a

memory

function

and
the

KLI

CACHES

The
KLI

n,n...

specified

CONFIGURATION

INITIALIZATION

PROGRAM

(KLINIT)

ENABLED

caches
FILE

have

been

enabled.

ALTERED

The KL.CFG file was updated with
a
new
cache
and/or
memory
configuration.
This
message
1s issued whenever you set up a
non-default
configuration
or
if
the
KL.CFG
file
did
not
previously exist.
KLI

RESTARTED

The
or
KLI

KL
a

processor

hardware

MICROCODE

has

VERSION

The KL microcode,
system
from
the

KLI

been

software

bootstrap

device.

MICROCODE

VERSION

xxx

restarted

power

failure

LOADED

version xxx,
appropriate

xxx

following

crash.

has
been
microcode

loaded
file on

1into
the
KL
the front-end

VERIFIED

The KL microcode, version Xxx, currently residing in the system
has
been
compared
correctly with the code in the appropriate
microcode file on the front-end bootstrap device.

C.2.2

Warning

Messages

Warning messages inform the operator of some unusual
condition.
KLINIT dialog continues.
These messages are preceded by "KLI -The warning
KLI

messages

DMA20

are:

PARITY

ERROR AT

loc=data

BEING

REWRITTEN

KLINIT encountered a parity error while trying
location
"loc".
"loc" is expressed as eight
the data, as KLINIT read it, is represented as
six octal digits.
SYSTEM

KLI

FILE

rewrite
read

ALL

SYSTEM

ACTION:

KLINIT

enables

at
and
of

the

data

the

CACHE

FILE

ALL

all

specified

1location

and

question
was
taken
in the directory.

and

again.
BEING

CONFIGURED

The default to the RECONFIGURE CACHE
KLINIT could not find the KL.CFG file

KLI

to read data
octal digits
two
dgroups

ACTION:

KLINIT will
attempt

The
%",

caches.

MEMORY

BEING

CONFIGURED

The default to the CONFIGURE KL MEMORY question was
taken
KLINIT could not find the KL.CFG file in the directory.

and

SYSTEM

INITIALIZATION

PROGRAM

(KLINIT)

ACTION:

KLINIT
configures
all
available
memory
and
interleaving
at
the highest level consistent with
of the interleave switches on the memory units.

C.2.3

Dialog

Error

Dialog

error

messages

sets
the
the setting

Messages
indicate

that

your

answer

the

current

KLINIT

guestion
1s
unacceptable.
KLINIT repeats the question and waits
an appropriate reply.
The message text 1is preceded by "KLI --".

Unless

noted
otherwise,
the
system
is to repeat the question and

action
for
re-prompt.

messages
The

dialog

KLI

error

COMMAND

messages

SYNTAX

Your reply was
the question.
OPERATOR

all

dialog

error

are:

ERROR

not

one

the

possible

answers

specified

1in

ACTION:

Reply with one of the acceptable answers, correctly
use carriage return to take the default answer.
KLI

for

INTERLEAVE

TOO

HIGH

FOR

SWITCH

spelled,

SETTINGS

Your

reply to the INTERLEAVE KL MEMORY expressed a value higher
than
possible
according
to
the
physical
setting
of
the
interleave switches on the memory units.

OPERATOR

Reply with

lower

value

Change

switches

the
KLI

ACTION:

the

previous
EXTERNAL

Physical
memory

OPERATOR

Change

switches

1is

the

question.
MEMORY

interleaving.

memory

Retype

the

unit.

Type

two

BACK

get

that

answers.

AVAILABLE

available

the

memory

(all

modules

units

are

set

such

deselected).

ACTION:

the

switch

settings

the

memory

boxes

and

repeat

the

reply.

C.2.4

System Error

Messages

System error messages
1indicate
conditions
1in
which
KLINIT
cannot
continue.
These
<conditions
can
be
brought
about
by
software,
hardware, or
environmental
failures.
Sometimes
a
retry
will
Dbe
successfull;
other times you may require the assistance of your field
service
engineer or
software
support
specialist.
For
any
system

error,

dump

listings;

very

troubleshooting
"KLI -- ?2".
Unless noted
messages
1s
file

important

PROGRAM

save

all

log

prime

material

problem.

System

error

the
the

(KLINIT)

console

this

otherwise,
to
restart

specified

following

INITIALIZATION

data

messages

and

memory

importance

are

when

preceded

system
action
for
all
system
error
KLINIT dialog and re-prompt.
Whenever a

message

text,

will

1identified

the

format.

'dev:filename.ext;ver'
The

system

KLI

messages

2?2

BOOTSTRAP

software

bootstrap

are:
LOAD

FAILED

hardware

program.

error

(See

occurred

while

accompanying

1loading

messages

for

additional

information.)
OPERATOR

Reload

ACTION:

the

bootstrap

program

replying:

KLI>BOOT

KLI

the

trouble

C-RAM

persists,

DIFFERS

OPERATOR

KLI

code

the

trouble

CACHE

ENABLE

OPERATOR

cache
KLI

service

engineer.

verify operation, the
contents
the
KL10
Control
RAM did not

the

microcode

appropriate

and

persists,

microcode

of
octal
match the

file.

reverify

call

your

field

via

the

KLINIT

service

dialog.

engineer.

FAILED

This is probably
cache
memory.
information.)

hardware error while trying
accompanying
messages

(See

to configure the
for
additional

ACTION:

the

service

field

ACTION:

Reload

Retry

your

XXXXXX

During the microcode
location
xxxxxx
in
corresponding

call

operation;

engineer.

1if

You

the

can

trouble

also

persists,

temporarily

call

your

reconfigure

field

with

memory.

CANNOT

DETERMINE

DMA20

INTERLEAVE

When configuring memory, KLINIT cannot determine
the
1interleave
switches
on
the memory boxes.
hardware or a software failure.
OPERATOR

ACTION:

Check the setting of
operation.
If
the

engineer.

the setting of
This can be a

the
1interleave
switches
and
retry
the
trouble persists, call your field service

KL.L INITIALIZATION PROGRAM

KLI

(KLINIT)

? CANNOT DETERMINE PHYSICAL CONFIGURATION

When configuring memory, KLINIT cannot determine the physical
(See accompanying messages
configuration of the memory units.
for

additional

information.)

OPERATOR ACTION:

Reload the
service

KLI

system;

trouble

call

persists,

field

your

engineer.