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Document:	GIGI VK100 Terminal Installation and Owner's Manual
Order Number:	EK-VK100-IN
Revision:	002
Pages:	132
Original Filename:

OCR Text

VK100
Terminal Installation

and Owner’s Manual

dlilgliltlall
DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORPORATION

User

Information

This booklet contains important information concerning the operation, maintenance and servicing of this equipment.
This booklet must be kept with the
equipment.

DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORPORATION

i T

FCC CLASS A
Verified

GIGI TERMINAL INSTALLATION
AND OWNER’S MANUAL

EK-VK100-IN-002

1st Edition, January 1981
2nd Printing (Rev), April 1981
This document includes material from Microsoft Basic-80. Copyright © 1979 by Microsoft. All
rights reserved.

®Barco Model GD33 monitor is a registered trademark of the Barco Corporation.
Copyright © 1981 by Digital Equipment Corporation
The material in this manual is for informational purposes only and is subject to change without
notice.
Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors which may appear in
this manual.

‘

Printed in U.S.A.
The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation:

DEC

DECnet

DECUS

DECsystem-10

MASSBUS

DIGITAL

DECSYSTEM-20

PDT

Digital Logo

DECwriter

RSTS

PDP

DIBOL

RSX

UNIBUS

EduSystem

VMS

VAX

OMNIBUS

0S/8

8/81-14

IAS

CONTENTS
HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL

CHAPTER 1

CHAPTER 2

INTRODUCTION
Gigiasa Text Terminal .......cooceenvieiiiiiiiiiiniinne,

Gigi as a Graphics Terminal...........ccccoeiiiiiinn.

Gigi as aBasic Terminal ......c.cccovvivviiiiiiiiiiiee,

INSTALLATION

Site Considerations .....cccceveeiieiiiniiiie
Unpacking and Inspection ...........ccooeiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiinnn.

ns
sonss snvsssasssssumsanses vo wanson
RepaCKiNg - cusvwisssimasssammasssscos
INSEALATTION ..cn e covrs smmmmaamas i s i smsmsmssmes o v e s 3

Connecting to the Barco Model GD33 Monitor ............
Connecting to a Typical Black and White Monitor.......

Connecting to the LA34VA Graphics Printer...............

6
7

Connecting Directly to the LA34VA

CHAPTER 3

Graphics Printer ...........ocuviiviviiiiiiieiiiiiiiiiiiiiins
Adding a Terminal to a Multiterminal String.........

Removing a Terminal from a Multiterminal String

GENERAL OPERATING INFORMATION
smses s pas sopusss s pspmmesvonns
INErOAUCHION c.nvir i s s s
Terminal Controls ...oovuveeiieeiieieee e
ee
e,
Keyboard Controls........c..oveeviiiiiiiiniiiiin
Standard KEYS ....oivueeiiiieiieiiieeeiie e
Special Function Keys ...,
SET-UP Mode KeYS....oivveeiieiiiiiiiicineceeean

CHAPTER 4

19
19
19
20
20
23

Locator Mode Keys .....ccoovvviiieiiiiiiiiiiincneenn

Visual and Audible Indicators .......c..ccooeiviiininiiinnnnn,
somswers
Visual INdiCators ... .uimswss ssssssmsasmssnsensssas
Audible INdicators ......oevviiviieieeic

25
27

TERMINAL SET-UP

sme samminns
semse o uss nse s seeec
s snss s sinecreer
INtrOAUCHION cvuveeveerii
SET-UP Mode DescCription ........coouvviiiiiiiiinniiinn,
SET-UP Parameter Summary ........coeveviuieinennnnnen
Determining What a SET-UP Parameter Does.....
Changing a SET-UP Parameter (Operator) .........
SET-UP Parameter Descriptions........ccocoovvveiiiiniinnnnnnn.
smmms exana s
Transiit SPOad (TO) e wuman srsrmeovommmass
Receive Speed (RS) ....ccccccceniiimnnnnmmmnnnesssennsniaiunns
L6 FLOCAT (LY« cenne comr moome s s s sz s oms v
ee
ea e s
s
eteeeeei
BASIC (BA) .. ceeeieiieeie
ee
iiiiiiininee
....oooovvii
Parity Enable (PE)........
b 0] 1 (0] = Sl 6 {0 Irr—————————————r
Scroll Mode (SM) ...vve i
e
Reverse Video (RV) ....ooviiiiiiniiiiiciiiiiiiieeeie

29
29
30
34
36
36
36
37
37
37
37
38
38
39

CONTENTS

Horizontal Margins (HM) .........covvvvieveeeiiiiieeannn,

Vertical Margins (VM) .......oovvveoviiiiieeeeeeeeeeen,

Expansion Mode (EM).......cccccooeeeiiiieiiiniiiniinenennn.

Horizontal Position (HP) ..............vvvvuvviiiiiiine.

Overstrike (OS) ....oovveiiiiiiiiiieee
e

Visual Cursor (VC)......oouvvvieeiiiiiiiiiiiie e

Text Display (TD) ..uuueeeeeieeiiiiieeeeeeieeeeeeeeeeen

Graphics Display (GD) ...........ccooeevveeeiiiiiiiiiiin,

Graphics Prefix (GP) .......cooeveiviviiiiiieecee

Single Character (SC).....c.ocovvvevieieieeiieeieeiieann,

Local EChO (LE) ...cccusmivsisissmminiisions smrnrnnssosnssnssnsn

New Line (NL) ....oerreiriiicieeeeeeee

Auto Hardcopy (AH) ......coovvvieiiiiiiiiciieeiiee
e,

Auto Wraparound (AW)........ccovviviviiineiiiiiiien,

Key Repeat (KR).......cccccvvveeeiiiiiiiiciieeeeecee
e,

KeyClick (KC).oovveiiiieeee

Margin Bell (MB) .......cooouiiiviiieieeiieeeeeeeeeeeiee
e

Terminal Mode (TM).........ovveeeeiiiiiiiiiieeeeeee,

Keypad Mode (KM) ..o,

Cursor Key Mode (CK).....ooovvniiiiniiiiniiieeiieeen

Programmed Keypad Mode (PK) ...........ccceevunne.nn

Tablet Locator Mode (TL) ....cocoovvvveeiiinneiiiie,

United Kingdom Character Set (UK) .....c.............

Communications Interface (CI) ..............cccoee.

Hardcopy Speed (HS) .......ccooeeeeiiiiiiiiiieeieicieiee,

Power Frequency (PF)......ccooeeeviiiiiiiiiiieiieiiee,

INterlace (IL) ..ccooeeeeeeieiii e

Self-Test (ST) wovuieiiiiiiieiee

(Host Computer)..........ooooovvviiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiie

Changing a SET-UP Parameter

CHAPTER5

WHAT TO DO IN THE EVENT OF A PROBLEM
INtrOAUCHION . uusmms counssusssnes sonsmomions evnns smvms 5

S4765 o smoms sm e

Internal Hardware Self-Tests .......cccveviviiiviiiiiiiieeieen,

Power-Up Self-Test......ccooveiiiiiiiiiiiiiecciecce

Diagnostic TestS...viiuiiiiiiiiii

wvssimsws svavesuven iniissnins sanvs swwnsssmnns

Common Problems.........ccooevvvuiiiiiiiieiiieeeeeee
e,

Error COAES ...

CHAPTER6

HOW TO GET YOUR TERMINAL REPAIRED
INEPOAUGCTION, woses svwmramnss smsnm smin ia5 04578556556 nnan wmmsmmem sm sasmmnme

Product Warranty ...........cooevveeiiiiiiiiiiieeeeeeeeeeeeeee

Warranty Repairs.........ccooeevvieiiiiiiiiie

DIGITAL Maintenance Service Repairs...........ccccc.......

On-Site Service Agreements...............cceeeeeeeennnne.

DIGITAL Servicenters.......ccoeeeeuuiieeieiiineeiiiieeeeeennn,

CONTENTS

CHAPTER 7

PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

s e ra e eaes

e
Keyboard COdes........ceeeiiiiiiriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
Standard Key Codes.......coveviieniiiiiiiniiiiiiniineanns

Cursor Control Key Codes .......cceeveviiininiinniinnns

Auxiliary Keypad Codes........cccoceeiiiiiiiiiniiininnennn,
Control Characters .....ccoccevvvveeieeiniiiiiiiceas

INEFOUCTION «eivveiiiie et e

Character SetS .....oviivuiiiiiieiiiiiei e
s misiimacvnss issssss ssasssnsusasvanssonse
Control FUNGHIONS.......ccium
ANSI Mode Definitions ......ccoovveeieeiiiiiniiinnans
ANSI Control Functions Summary ...........cooeenennes
VT52 Control Function Summary .........cccccevvenneen.
saa e
eeei
i
ReGIS SUMMATY ..cvuiiiiiiiiiieiineee

s eaneenans
e eeris s sa riie
BASIC SUMMATY . .uiiiieiiieeiiee
CHAPTER 8

20 mA Current Loop Interface.........cccooeeeeinnennnnn.
Buffer Overflow Prevention.............ccoeevviiniiinnnnnn.
e
i eeremmm
Display INterface ......c.coirmiiiinmninen
Composite Video Port (MONO).........ccceevinnennnnn
Color Monitor Port (RED, GREEN, BLUE).............
Composite Sync Waveform Timing .....................

62
63
64

66
70

77
77
77

79
79
82
82
82
83
83

Monitor SelecCtion........coevuveuiviiiiiiniiec
Hardcopy Interface .........cccooviiiiiniiiiiiiiniis

Hardcopy Device Sharing ........ccooevveeiiniiiiiiinnnn

85
85

Physical Interface .......cccccceeeviiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinnee
Electrical Interface.......cccovvvveeeviniiiiiiiiiiniiieeeis

ACCESSORIES AND SUPPLIES

PPN
[ Y T R - TR T PSP
nins
iviiiiiiiiiiin
Related Documentation.........ccccco
How to Order Accessories and Supplies ....................
Toll-Free Telephone Orders.........ccoooeevviiiininiinnne.
ssvessos
s ssvimusmvssssssam
Direct Mail Orders........
——-—-——————————s———u
—
.
_

APPENDIX A

HARDWARE INTERFACES

Communications Interface.........ccocoviiiiiiiiiinnnn
Baud Rate....ccuivviiriiieiiiiieciiciceeere e
Character Format .....cccoevvvviiiiiinieiiieinccieas
ElA IntOrfACE: sissismssssmesnsmssssssmpmmes pssssassssss swvsy gon

CHAPTER 9

GIGI TERMINAL SPECIFICATIONS

87
88
91
91
91

HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL
This manual has four very specific goals. These goals are:

1.
2.

Introduce the GIGI terminal and its many features and operating modes
Provide a simple, easy-to-follow procedure to install and check out the
GIGI terminal

3.
4.

Provide the information needed to operate the GIGI terminal and set
the terminal up to work with a host computer
Provide easy-to-follow instructions to ensure that the GIGI terminal is
operating correctly and to have the terminal quickly repaired at an
authorized DIGITAL Servicenter if a failure occurs.

Chapter 1 introduces you to the GIGI terminal and its basic operating modes.
This information provides a general understanding of how the terminal
operates within the GIGI system.

Chapter 2 provides all the information needed to successfully install and
check out the GIGI terminal. This includes instructions on how to connect
the terminal to the Barco Model GD33 monitor and the LA34VA graphics
printer.

Chapter 3 provides an overview of all of the terminal controls and indicators.
Chapter 4 provides GIGI terminal SET-UP information. The information is
divided into two areas — terminal SET-UP procedure and SET-UP
parameters.
The terminal SET-UP procedure consists of simple,
easy-to-follow steps. The SET-UP parameter descriptions discuss how each
feature affects the terminal. Before reading this chapter, you should
understand the basic terminal operating modes outlined in Chapter 1.
Chapter 5 provides a complete description of all the tests available to the
GIGI terminal user, with instructions to perform each test. This chapter also
contains a simple troubleshooting chart. The chart lists common problems
and the corrective actions to take for each symptom. Consulting this chart
before having the terminal serviced may save a needless repair call.
Chapter 6 provides the information needed to have your GIGI terminal
repaired by DIGITAL. If you find a problem in the terminal, follow the
procedures outlined in this chapter to have the terminal repaired. The chapter
also includes basic warranty information.

Chapter 7 provides a technical summary of the terminal programming
information. This information serves as a summary only. If you need detailed
information on any of the sequences, refer to the appropriate software
document.

Chapter 8 provides technical hardware descriptions of the GIGI terminal’s
interface ports. It describes the signals, timing considerations, and
characteristics for each interface connector. The chapter also discusses
buffer synchronization, and how to prevent a terminal buffer overflow and
the subsequent loss of data.
Chapter 9 lists the available accessories and supplies. It also lists the available GIGI system manuals and provides a brief overview of each manual.
The chapter includes instructions for ordering any accessory, supply, or manual.

vii

FIGURE 1-1

GIGI Terminal
A-0698

INTRODUCTION

The GIGI terminal (Figure 1-1) is an easy-to-operate computer terminal consisting of a typewriter-like keyboard enclosed in a lightweight plastic case.
This terminal quickly and easily connects to optional color or black and white
monitors, and the optional DIGITAL LA34VA graphics printer. In addition,
the terminal connects to either a 20 mA current loop or EIA communications
line to communicate with the host computer.

The GIGI terminal can operate as three different terminals: a text terminal,
a graphics terminal, and a BASIC terminal. This chapter introduces you to
the GIGI terminal and the basic ideas behind these three operating modes.

GIGI AS A TEXT TERMINAL
The GIGI terminal’s basic mode of operation is as a text terminal. In this
mode the terminal acts as a translator between you (the operator) and the
host computer. When you type a message or command on the keyboard, the
terminal sends it immediately to the host computer in a language the computer understands. The host computer receives the message or command and
executes it. Then the host computer sends an acknowledgement to the terminal, indicating the message or command was received and executed. The terminal receives the acknowledgement and displays it on the monitor screen in
a language that you can understand. Figure 1-2 shows a simple diagram of the
GIGI terminal operating in text mode.
When you first turn on or reset the GIGI terminal, it always enters text mode.

USER SUPPLIED
MONITOR

BLACK & WHITE
OR

COLOR VIDEO OUTPUT

/ TERMINAL
KEYBOARD

FIGURE 1-2
Operation

Text Mode

PROCESSOR

GIGI

TERMINAL

RECEIVER

A————

LR
y

HOST

COMPUTER

COMMUNICATIONS
LINE (20 mA OR EIA)

MA-6768

INTRODUCTION

GIGI AS A GRAPHICS TERMINAL
The GIGI terminal’s primary mode of operation is as a graphics terminal.
The name GIGI derives from this capability as a General Imaging Generator
and Interpreter.

Generally the terminal is placed in graphics mode by the host computer. In
this mode the terminal interprets all data received from the host computer or
the terminal keyboard as graphics commands and data. The interpreter and
image generator translates the commands and data into the images displayed
on the monitor screen. Figure 1-3 shows a simple diagram of the GIGI terminal operating in graphics mode.
The commands to the interpreter come from a new graphics command set
called ReGIS (Remote Graphics Instruction Set). The ReGIS command set
consists of a few simple instructions and options which allow you to quickly
and easily draw an image on the monitor screen.
Within the graphics mode of operation is a mode called the /ocator mode.
This mode helps you locate a point on the screen and report that point to the
host computer. The GIGI terminal enters locator mode through the keyboard
or a command from the host computer. When the terminal enters locator
mode, a large cross-hair cursor appears on the screen. The point where the
two lines cross is the point reported to the host computer.
You can return the terminal to the text mode of operation at any time. When
the terminal is in text mode, it interprets all graphics data and commands as
text only and not as graphics.

USER SUPPLIED
MONITOR

BLACK & WHITE
OR

COLOR VIDEO OUTPUT

/ INTERPRETER
GRAPHIC

KEYBOARD

FIGURE 1-3
Operation

Graphics Mode

& GENERATOR
GIGI TERMINAL

RECEIVER

TRANSMITTER

HOST

COMPUTER

COMMUNICATIONS

LINE (20 mA OR EIA)
MA-6767

INTRODUCTION

GIGI AS A BASIC TERMINAL
The GIGI terminal contains a BASIC language interpreter in addition to its

text and graphics capabilities. The GIGI BASIC interpreter allows the terminal to run BASIC language programs. The terminal enters BASIC mode

through the SET-UP mode (described in Chapter 4) or a command from the
host computer.
The BASIC program comes from one of two places, the keyboard or the host
computer. You select the source of the program with a SET-UP parameter. If

the keyboard is the program source, the operator types the BASIC program
directly into the terminal memory. When the program runs, the output normally goes to the monitor screen. If the host computer is the program source,
the program loads into the terminal memory from the host computer. When
the program runs, the output normally returns to the host computer. Figure 14 shows a simple diagram of the GIGI terminal operating in both cases.

USER SUPPLIED
MONITOR

BLACK & WHITE
OR
COLOR VIDEO OUTPUT

BASIC

INTERPRETER

KEYBOARD

& MEMORY

RECEIVER

TRANSMITTER

—

gg,\SAT,UTER

—

COMMUNICATIONS
GIGI

TERMINAL

LINES

(20 mA OR EIA)
KEYBOARD AS THE BASIC PROGRAM SOURCE

USER SUPPLIED
MONITOR

BASIC

INTERPRETER

KEYBOARD

FIGURE 1-4

Operation

BASIC Mode

& MEMORY

RECEIVER

TRANSMITTER

osT

SOMPUTEH

s
COMMUNICATIONS

GIGI

TERMINAL

LINES

(20 mA OR EIA)
HOST COMPUTER AS THE BASIC PROGRAM SOURCE
MA-6769

INTRODUCTION

When the terminal enters the BASIC mode, the BASIC indicator above the
keyboard lights. You can return the terminal to text mode at any time, either
through the keyboard or the SET-UP mode. When the terminal is in text
mode, it interprets all data as text only and not as BASIC language commands.

INSTALLATION
SITE CONSIDERATIONS
The GIGI terminal is a lightweight, single-piece unit that fits on a desk or
tabletop. Figure 2-1 shows the dimensions of the terminal.
The GIGI terminal usually connects to a user-supplied monitor (display) device. The monitor always operates with the terminal and should be located
close to the terminal. Therefore, you must consider the monitor’s size and
weight when planning the terminal’s location.

The GIGI terminal places few limits on the operating environment. Avoid
areas that experience extremes in temperature and humidity or are subject to
high levels of industrial contaminates. Appendix A describes the guaranteed
operating conditions and terminal specifications.

A small air circulation fan in the GIGI terminal cools the terminal’s electronic components. For the fan to work properly, all ventilation slots must be unobstructed. For this reason you should keep an area of about six inches
around the terminal clear. Do not place papers or similar materials on top of
or under the terminal.

The terminal controls and cable connections are on the rear of the terminal.
When installing the terminal, allow an adequate area to access the rear of the
terminal.

Note: When installing the terminal, keep all power and signal cables free
from obstructions, sharp bends, and stress.

493.20 mm

(19.40in)

FIGURE 2-1

GIGI Terminal

(12.25 in)\/

Dimensions
MA-6726

INSTALLATION

UNPACKING AND INSPECTION
The GIGI terminal is packed in a reinforced shipping carton. The carton contains the following items.
GIGI terminal

GIGI terminal power cord
GIGI terminal video cable

GIGI Terminal Installation and Owner’s Manual
GIGI/ReGIS Handbook
GIGI BASIC Manual

GIGI Terminal SET-UP Reference Card
GIGI Programming Reference Card
GIGI Installation Card

Figure 2-2 shows the packaging used with the GIGI terminal. Use the following procedure to unpack the terminal from the shipping carton.
1.

Carefully cut the shipping tape and open the shipping carton by pulling

out the front flap and lifting the top.

Remove the power cord, video cable, and documentation from the pack-

ing material.

FIGURE 2-2

GIGI Terminal

Shipping Container

MA-6723

INSTALLATION

Lift out the top piece of packing material and remove the terminal from

the shipping carton. Save the packing material and shipping carton.
They are needed to ship the terminal back to the DIGITAL Servicenter
if the terminal ever fails.
Visually inspect the terminal for physical damage. If the terminal is
damaged, notify your local DIGITAL Sales Office.
Install the terminal as described in the Installation section of this
chapter.

REPACKING
Use the following procedure when repacking the GIGI terminal for shipment.
Figure 2-3 shows all of the switch and cable locations.
1.

Turn the ac power switch off.

Disconnect all cables from the rear of the terminal.
Locate the original packing material. If the original materials are not
available, you can order them from DIGITAL. Chapter 9 provides the
information needed to order the packing materials.
Repack the terminal in the shipping carton (Figure 2-2). Include the
power cord and video cable in the shipping carton.
Seal the shipping carton with reinforced tape.

4.
5.

AC POWER

AC FUSE

FIGURE 2-3

SWITCH

'—-——1‘

L1’I
C ol [sC o] deeh

GIGI Terminal

Switch and Cable Locations

MONOCHROME

RED, GREEN

(BLACK & WHITE)

AND BLUE

CONNECTOR

CONNECTORS

VIDEO OUTPUT

HARDCOPY

EIA

CONNECTOR ~ CONNECTOR

20 mA

CONNECTOR

AC POWER

RECEPTACLE

INSTALLATION

The GIGI terminal is very easy to install. The only tool required is a flat
blade type screwdriver. Use the following procedure to install the terminal.
1.

Remove the terminal from the shipping carton or optional carrying case
and place in the desired work area.
Locate the access opening on the rear of the terminal (Figure 2-4). The
eight-position default SET-UP switch pack will be visible in the opening.

INSTALLATION

FIGURE 2-4

Default SET-UP

‘Switch Pack Location
MA-6718

Note the switch positions and determine if the switch settings are correct for your host computer system. Figure 2-5 shows all the switch settings and what they mean to the host computer. Chapter 4 provides
more detailed information on the SET-UP parameters.
If the default SET-UP switch pack settings are incorrect for your host
computer, carefully change the switch settings with a pencil or a similar
object. Once you set the switches, verify the new settings. If the settings
are wrong, the terminal may not be able to communicate with the host
computer.

Remove the user-supplied monitor from its shipping carton and place in
the desired work area. Perform the installation instructions packed with
the monitor.
Connect the GIGI terminal to the user-supplied monitor. (The next section of this chapter provides specific instructions for connecting to the
Barco Model GD33 monitor.)
Connect the communications cable to the appropriate communications
connector. If you select EIA communications, connect the ground wire
to the terminal communications connector. Figure 2-6 shows the cable
connector with the ground wire connected.
Connect the GIGI terminal to the optional LA34VA graphics printer.

There are two methods for this. The Connecting to the LA34VA Graph-

‘

ics Printer section of this chapter provides detailed instructions.

INSTALLATION

FIGURE 2-5

Default SET-UP

Switch Pack Setting (Sheet 1 of 3)

SET-UP FEATURE DEFAULT SETTINGS FOR POWER FREQUENCY (PF)
(SWITCH 1)

POWER FREQUENCY FEATURE
DEFAULT SET FOR 60 Hz

(PFO)

POWER FREQUENCY FEATURE
DEFAULT SET FOR 50 Hz

(PF1)

SET-UP FEATURE DEFAULT SETTINGS FOR COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACE (CI)

(SWITCH 2)

COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACE
FEATURE DEFAULT SET FOR

EIA (CIO)

20mA (CI1)

SET-UP FEATURE DEFAULT SETTINGS FOR UK CHARACTER SET (UK)
(SWITCH 3)

UK CHARACTER SET FEATURE

DEFAULT SET FOR US (UKO)

UK CHARACTER SET FEATURE

DEFAULT SET FOR UK (UK1)

MA-6720

INSTALLATION

FIGURE 2-5

Default SET-UP

Switch Pack Setting (Sheet 2 of 3)

SET-UP FEATURE DEFAULT SETTINGS FOR PARITY ENABLE (PE)

(SWITCHES 4 & 5)

PARITY ENABLE FEATURE

DEFAULT SET FOR OFF (PEO)

DEFAULT SET FOR EVEN (PE1)

PARITY ENABLE FEATURE

DEFAULT SET FOR ODD (PE2)

SET-UP FEATURE DEFAULT SETTINGS FOR BOTH TRANSMIT AND RECEIVE

SPEEDS (TS AND RS)

(SWITCHES 6, 7, & 8)

TRANSMIT AND RECEIVE SPEED

FEATURES DEFAULT SET FOR

110 (RSO AND TS0)

TRANSMIT AND RECEIVE SPEED

FEATURES DEFAULT SET FOR

300 (RS1 AND TS1)

MA-6721

INSTALLATION

FIGURE 2-5

Default SET-UP

Switch Pack Setting (Sheet 3 of 3)

SET-UP FEATURE DEFAULT SETTINGS FOR BOTH TRANSMIT AND RECEIVE
SPEEDS (TS AND RS) CONT.

(SWITCHES 6, 7, & 8)

TRANSMIT AND RECEIVE SPEED

FEATURES DEFAULT SET FOR

600 (RS2 AND TS2)

1200 (RS3 AND TS3)

TRANSMIT AND RECEIVE SPEED
FEATURES DEFAULT SET FOR
2400 (RS4 AND TS4)

TRANSMIT AND RECEIVE SPEED
FEATURES DEFAULT SET FOR
4800 (RS5 AND TS5)

TRANSMIT AND RECEIVE SPEED

FEATURES DEFAULT SET FOR

9600 (RS6 AND TS6)

19,200 (RS7 AND TS7)
MA-6722

INSTALLATION

GREEN GROUND

FIGURE 2-6
EIA
Communications Cable Connector

SCREW

WIRE

MA-6730

10.

Connect the power cord to the power cord receptacle on the rear of the
terminal. Plug the other end of the power cord into a nearby wall outlet.
Turn the monitor power switch on. Allow the monitor one or two minutes
to warm up before you perform the next step.

11.

Turn the terminal power switch on. The terminal will automatically perform the power-up self-test. Once the power-up self test is successfully
completed, the ON LINE indicator above the keyboard lights and the
cursor appears in the upper left corner of the monitor screen. If any other indications are present, the terminal self-test may have found a fault
in the terminal. Chapter 5 outlines the procedures to follow if this occurs.

Note: On some monitors you may not see the cursor immediately because of

a monitor condition called overscan. To eliminate the monitor overscan, set

the HP, HM or VM SET-UP parameters. Chapter 4 describes these
parameters.

12.

Select the terminal SET-UP parameters. Chapter 4 describes the SET-

13.

Once you select the SET-UP parameters, record their settings and keep

14.

Fill out the GIGI Installation Card and return it to DIGITAL. Postage
on the card is prepaid if mailed within the US.

UP parameters and how to select them.

them with the terminal for future reference.

CONNECTING TO THE BARCO MODEL GD33 MONITOR
This section provides specific instructions for connecting the GIGI terminal
to the Barco Model GD33 monitor. This monitor is not supplied by
DIGITAL. The monitor must be purchased separately from your local Barco
distributor. Monitor operating instructions are packaged with the monitor.
L.

Locate the GIGI video cable. It is a single cable with three connectors
on each end.

Connect the color-keyed red, green, and blue cable connectors to the
RED, GREEN, and BLUE output connectors on the rear of the GIGI
terminal.

INSTALLATION

3.
4,

Connect the color-keyed red, green, and blue cable connectors to the
RED, GREEN, and BLUE input connectors on the rear of the Barco
Model GD33 monitor (Figure 2-7).

Locate the white switches on the rear of the monitor above the input
connectors. Slide the white switches to the 75 position. This switches in
a 75-ohm cable impedance and provides the best possible monitor
display.

Locate the G/X switch on the rear of the monitor. Slide the G/X switch
to the G position. This sets the monitor synchronization for green signal
sync.

Connect the monitor power cord.

|— I — ]

o
[—]

AC POWER

NOT USED

BLUE INPUT

GREEN INPUT

LOAD SWITCH

RED INPUT

LOAD SWITCH

SYNC INPUT

LOAD SWITCH \

posounce17
SWITCH

G [x

EXTERNAL SYNC
INPUTS

FIGURE 2-7 Barco Model GD33
Monitor Connections

0o 0 o

~ CONNECTOR

BLUE INPUTS

GREEN INPUTS

RED INPUTS

(NOT USED)
MAG6770

INSTALLATION

CONNECTING TO A TYPICAL BLACK AND WHITE MONITOR
The GIGI terminal can connect to a black and white (monochrome) monitor.
DIGITAL does not supply a black and white monitor. Any black and white
monitor must be obtained from local suppliers.
Use the following general instructions to perform the interconnection. Specific operating instructions for the monitor are packaged with the monitor.
1.

Locate the GIGI video cable. It is a single cable with three connectors
on each end.

Connect one of the three cable connectors to the MONO output connector on the rear of the GIGI terminal. Note the cable connector color
key (red, green, or blue).
Locate the video input connector on the black and white monitor. This
connector should be a BNC-type connector. If not, put a BNC adaptor
on the connector.

Connect the video cable to the video input connector on the monitor. Be
sure to use the same color-keyed cable connector that you used on the
terminal end of the cable.

CONNECTING TO THE LA34VA GRAPHICS PRINTER
You can connect the GIGI terminal to the LA34VA graphics printer in one
of two ways.

1.
2.

Connect the terminal directly to the printer.
Add the terminal to the end of a multiterminal string.

When you connect the terminal directly to the printer, the printer is dedicated to that terminal. This means the printer is always available to the terminal.

In a multiterminal string, two or more GIGI terminals connect to one printer.
Each terminal contains a hardcopy protocol. This protocol prevents problems
when more than one terminal tries to use the printer. When you request to use
the printer by pressing the SHIFT and PFI/HARDCOPY keys together the
terminal looks to see if the printer is busy. If the printer is not busy the terminal immediately sends its data to the printer.

If the printer is currently printing the terminal generates a print request and
waits until the printer is available. The print request tells all other GIGI terminals that a terminal is waiting to use the printer. When the printer completes the copy the waiting terminal then sends its data to the printer.
When more than one terminal is waiting to use the printer an internal sequence system takes effect. The sequence system determines which terminal
uses the printer next. The sequence system continues in effect until all of the
waiting terminals have used the printer.

When you use a multiterminal string, all terminals in the string must be powered on. If any terminal in the string is turned off, that terminal and all terminals after it in the string cannot use the printer. Figure 2-8 shows this point.
Terminal 3 is turned off, so terminal 4 cannot use the printer. Any terminal
that is turned off in a multiterminal string should be disconnected from the
string. A later section of this chapter provides a disconnection procedure.

INSTALLATION

LA34VA

GIGI TERMINAL

#4 - CANNOT
USE LA34VA

FIGURE 2-8 Multiterminal String
with Terminal Turned Off

GIGI TERMINAL
#2

GIGI TERMINAL
#3-POWER OFF

MA-6725

The following paragraphs provide the two procedures for connecting the
GIGI terminal to the LA34VA graphics printer.

Connecting Directly to the LA34VA Graphics Printer
Use this procedure if you have only one GIGI terminal to connect to the
LA34VA graphics printer. Maximum cable length is 50 feet. Figure 2-9
shows a simple block diagram of this configuration.

FIGURE 29

TERMINAL I
GIGI

Single GIGI

Terminal to LA34V
A Graphics
Printer Connection

BC22A-XX

HARDCOPY

EIA

CONNECTOR

LA34VA
S
GRAPHIC
PRINTER

MA-6719

To perform the procedure you need a flat blade type screwdriver, a
BC22A-xx interface cable, and one 8-32 X 5/8 inch screw.

Locate and connect the BC22A cable to the HARDCOPY connector on
the rear of the GIGI terminal. The connector is keyed by its shape and
can only plug in one way. Connect the ground wire to the HARDCOPY
connector. Figure 2-6 shows the cable connector with the ground wire
connected.

Plug the other cable connector into the the EIA connector on the rear of
the LA34VA graphics printer. This connector is keyed by its shape and
can only plug in one way (Figure 2-10).

INSTALLATION

¥
FIGURE 2-10 LA34VA Graphics
Printer (Rear View)

EIA

]

CONNECTOR

GROUND
POINT

AC POWER CORD F
RECEPTACLE
PAPER LOW
JACK

p—

POWE;X

ON/OFF
SWITCH

FUSE

MA-2633A

Push the 8-32 X 5/8 inch screw through the ring terminal on the end of
the ground wire coming out of the cable connector. Locate the grounding screw hole on the LA34VA graphics printer, about 3 inches to the
right of the EIA connector. Attach the cable ground wire to the
LA34VA graphics printer grounding point.

Perform the installation and SET-UP procedures outlined in the
DECwriter 1V Graphics Printer User Guide (EK-L34RO-UG). Select
the following LA34VA data communication features.
Baud rate

9600

Parity

Space

XON/XOFF
No modem

On
-

The data communication switches are described in the Communications
chapter of the DECwriter IV Graphics Printer User Guide.
Apply power to both terminals.

To verify the LA34VA graphics printer connection, place the screen
alignment video pattern on the monitor screen. Do this by pressing the
following keys in order: SET-UP, S, T, 4, and SET-UP again.
Print the screen alignment video pattern on the LA34VA graphics printer. Do this by pressing the SHIFT and PF1/HARDCOPY keys together.

Adding a Terminal to a Multiterminal String

Use this procedure if one or more GIGI terminals are connected to the

LA34VA graphics printer. Figure 2-11 shows a simple diagram of this configuration.

INSTALLATION

BC22A-XX

BC22B-XX

HARDCOPY

CONN.

OLD
STRING

glal

TERMINAL

EIA

CONN.

glal
TERMINAL

CONN.

GRAPHICS
sl

BC26B-01

BC22A-XX

BC22B-XX(NEW)

HARDCOPY

CONN.

to a Multiterminal String

NEW

STRING|

NEW GIGI

TERMINAL

GIGI

TERMINAL

EIA

CONN.
GIGI

TERMINAL

CONN.
LA34VA

PRINTER
MA.6729

To perform the procedure you need a flat blade type screwdriver, a
BC22B-xx interface cable, and a BC26B-01 Y-type cable.

Locate the last GIGI terminal in the string attached to the LA34VA
graphic printer. Disconnect the cable connected to the HARDCOPY
connector on the rear of this terminal.

Locate and connect the BC26B-01 Y-type cable to the HARDCOPY
connector on the last GIGI terminal. The connector is keyed by its
shape and can only plug in one way. Connect the ground wire to the
HARDCOPY connector. Figure 2-6 shows the cable connector with the
ground wire connected.

Connect the cable you disconnected from the terminal in step 2 to the
female connector of the BC26B-01 Y type cable.

FIGURE 2-11 Adding a Terminal

HARDCOPY

CONN.

Locate the new BC22B cable. Plug one BC22B cable connector into the
male BC26B-01 cable connector. The connector is keyed by its shape
and can only plug in one way. Connect the ground wire between the two
connectors. Figure 2-6 shows the cable with the ground wire connected.
Plug the other BC22B cable connector into the HARDCOPY connector
on the GIGI terminal being added to the string. The connector is keyed
by its shape and can only plug in one way. Connect the ground wire to
the HARDCOPY connector. Figure 2-6 shows the cable connector with
the ground wire connected.
Apply power to both terminals.

er. Do this by pressing the SHIFT and PF1/HARDCOPY keys together.

INSTALLATION

Removing a Terminal from a Multiterminal String
Use this procedure if two or more GIGI terminals are connected to the
LA34VA graphics printer. Figure 2-12 shows a simple diagram of the procedure.
1.
2.

Locate the GIGI terminal you want to disconnect.
Locate the BC26B-01 Y-type cable connected to the HARDCOPY connector on the rear of this terminal. Disconnect the two cables connected
to the BC26B-01 Y-type cable.
Connect the two cables that you just removed from the BC26B-01 Ytype cable. Be sure to connect the cable ground wires between the two
connectors. Figure 2-6 shows the cable connectors with the ground wire
connected.

The terminal is now disconnected from the multiterminal string.

BC22B-XX

BC26B-01

BC22A-XX

BC26B-01

HARDCOPY

[ ] CONN.
FIGURE 2-12

Removing a

Terminal from a Multiterminal

HARDCOPY

CONN.

HARDCOPY

[~] CONN.

EIA

[ ] CONN.
LA34VA

GIGI

DISCONNECTED

GIGI

GRAPHICS

TERMINAL

GIGI TERMINAL

TERMINAL

PRINTER

String
MA-6716

GENERAL OPERATING INFORMATION
INTRODUCTION

The GIGI terminal has a wide variety of controls and indicators. The operator uses these controls and indicators to monitor and direct the terminal’s
operation. The controls and indicators are grouped as follows.
e
e
e
e

Terminal controls
Keyboard controls
Visual indicators
Audible indicators

TERMINAL CONTROLS

The GIGI terminal contains only one control, the power switch (Figure 3-1).
The power switch turns power to the terminal on and off.

AC POWER

swu;cyu

AC FUSE

B
Q

FIGURE 3-1

Terminal Controls

AT
W A

| WL 5

MONOCHROME

(BLACK & WHITE)

VIDEO OUTPUT
CONNECTOR

RED, GREEN

AND BLUE

VIDEO OUTPUT
CONNECTORS

HARDCOPY

CONNECTOR

EIA

CONNECTOR

20 mA

CONNECTOR

AC POWER

RECEPTACLE
MA-6717

KEYBOARD CONTROLS

The GIGI terminal has two keypads. The main keypad has a key arrangement and sculpturing styled like a standard office typewriter. The auxiliary or
numeric keypad allows you to enter numeric data in a calculator-like fashion.

The GIGI terminal keyboard controls are grouped by functionality as follows.
Standard keys
Special function keys
SET-UP mode keys
Special mode keys

GENERAL OPERATING INFORMATION

MA 6727

FIGURE 3-2

Standard Keys

Standard Keys
Figure 3-2 identifies the GIGI terminal keyboard keys that usually operate
like standard typewriter and calculator keys. These keys generate ASCII
codes which the terminal transmits to the host computer. The minus, comma,
period, and numeric keys of the auxiliary keypad normally generate the same
codes as the corresponding unshifted keys of the main keypad. The SHIFT
key on the main keypad does not affect the codes generated by the keys on
the auxiliary keypad.
The auxiliary keypad has two alternate modes of operation: keypad application mode and programmed keypad mode. The terminal can enter either
mode through the SET-UP parameters or a command from the host computer. In both modes the auxiliary keypad generates special but different sequences that have a special meaning to the host computer. Chapter 4 provides
more information about the two modes, and Chapter 7 provides information
concerning the specific codes generated by the keys.

This key enables the uppercase function of alphabetic keys only. All numeric
and special symbol keys remain in lowercase.
SHIFT

SHIFT

This key enables the uppercase function of all keys. If a key does not have an
uppercase function, the SHIFT key has no effect.

Special Function Keys
Figure 3-3 identifies the special function keys on the GIGI terminal keyboard. The special function keys transmit codes to the host computer which
may have a special meaning to the application program. Consult your local
operating procedures for the specific function performed by these keys. The
following paragraphs provide a general description.

GENERAL OPERATING INFORMATION

PF1
HARD

PF2

COPY

LOCTR

:‘] 2

NO
SCROLL

MA 6727

FIGURE 3-3
Keys

Special Function

0
e

Pressing this key causes the GIGI terminal to enter SET-UP mode. In SETUP mode you can change the terminal parameters such as scrolling.

I8 0 I

Each of these keys causes the GIGI terminal to transmit a code to the host
computer. Usually the terminal interprets these keys as commands to move
the cursor in the direction of the arrow. Consult your local operating procedures for the exact function of these keys in your system.

BREAK

This key transmits a break signal. Pressing BREAK with either of the SHIFT
keys transmits the long break signal.
PF1/HARDCOPY

Pressing this key by itself causes the GIGI terminal to transmit a code which
may have a special meaning to your system. Consult your local operating procedures for the meaning of this key.

Pressing this key with either of the SHIFT keys causes the optional printer to
copy the current contents of the monitor screen. During the copying process
the screen is frozen. Once the printer finishes the copy, the screen resumes
normal operation. If a printer is not connected to the terminal, pressing this
key freezes the screen for a short time just as if a printer was copying the
screen.

Pressing the SHIFT and PF1/HARDCOPY keys a second time stops the printing of the screen contents. When this occurs the terminal returns to the previous operating mode.

GENERAL OPERATING INFORMATION

PF2/LOCATOR

Pressing this key by itself causes the GIGI terminal to transmit a code which
may have a special meaning to your system. Consult your local operating procedures for the meaning of this key.

Pressing this key with either of the SHIFT keys causes the terminal to enter
locator mode and display the locator cursor (+-) on the screen. More information on the locator mode is provided later in this section.
PF3/TEXT

Pressing this key by itself causes the GIGI terminal to transmit a code which
may have a special meaning to your system. Consult your local operating procedures for the meaning of this key.
Pressing this key with either of the SHIFT keys causes the terminal to enter

text mode and disable graphics mode. When it enters text mode, the terminal
cancels any special graphics display parameters that were selected. If the terminal was already in text mode, pressing this key resets any special text features.

PF4/RESET

contents of memory are lost except the SET-UP parameter settings, soft character sets, BASIC program, graphics mode macrographs, and any special key
definitions. This reset function does not change the SET-UP parameter settings.

DELETE

This key causes the GIGI terminal to transmit a delete character code to the
host system. The deleted character may or may not be erased from the
screen.

RETURN

This key transmits either a carriage return (CR) code or a carriage return
(CR) and line feed (LF) code. You select the desired function through a SETUP parameter.

LINE FEED

This key transmits a line feed (LF) code.

NO SCROLL

This key is controlled by the XO SET-UP parameter. If the XO parameter is
on, pressing this the first time key stops data transmission from the host computer to the GIGI terminal. This also lights the NO SCROLL indicator

GENERAL OPERATING INFORMATION

above the keyboard, to show that the terminal is not sending or receiving
data. Pressing the key a second time resumes transmission from where it
stopped. This also turns off the NO SCROLL indicator. If the XO parameter
is off, this key is inactive and has no effect on the terminal.

“i"|

CONTROL

Pressing this key in combination with another key causes the GIGI terminal
to transmit a control code which may have a special meaning to your system.

This key transmits an escape code which normally has a special meaning to
your system. In many applications it tells your system to treat the next keys
pressed as a command.

SET-UP Mode Keys
Figure 3-4 identifies the keys you can use in SET-UP mode. Chapter 4 provides a detailed description of the SET-UP mode.

PF4

RESET

MA 6727

FIGURE 3-4

SET-UP Mode Keys

- SPACE BAR OR UP ARROW
Either key steps to the next higher setting for a SET-UP parameter. When
the highest value is reached, the setting returns to O and starts the cycle over
again. Each key performs the same function.

DOWN ARROW
This key steps to the next lower setting for a SET-UP parameter. When O is
reached the setting returns to the highest value and starts the cycle over
again.

RETURN OR RIGHT ARROW
Either key steps the terminal to the next SET-UP parameter. When the last
parameter appears on the screen, the terminal automatically returns to the
first SET-UP parameter. Each key performs the same function.

GENERAL OPERATING INFORMATION

LEFT ARROW
This key steps the terminal backwards to the previous SET-UP parameter.
When the first parameter appears on the screen, the terminal automatically
returns to the last SET-UP parameter.
Alphabetic Keys
These keys enter the two-letter code for each SET-UP parameter. This allows you

to display any SET-UP parameter without stepping through all the parameters. If
you type an incorrect code, the terminal sounds the bell tone and displays the last
correct parameter.

Numeric Keys

These keys enter the numeric parameter setting of a SET-UP parameter. This
allows you to set a parameter without stepping through all the parameter settings. If
you type an incorrect setting, the terminal sounds the bell tone and displays the last
correct parameter setting.

PF4/RESET

Pressing this key with either of the SHIFT keys resets the terminal to the pow-

er-up state. All the contents of memory, including the SET-UP parameter set-

tings, are lost. Pressing these keys in SET-UP mode is the same as turning the
terminal power switch off and on.

When you press this key by itself, the terminal sounds the bell tone.
Locator Mode Keys

Figure 3-5 identifies the keys that have a special meaning to the terminal in
locator mode. The following paragraphs briefly describe the function of the
locator keys in locator mode. If you press any keys other than those described, the terminal exits locator mode, sends the code of the key pressed,
and then sends the screen location of the locator cursor. If the terminal enters
locator mode through the host computer, the terminal sends a carriage return
(CR) code followed immediately by the key code.

MA 6727

FIGURE 3-5

Locator Mode Keys

GENERAL OPERATING INFORMATION

PF2/LOCATOR
Pressing this key with either of the SHIFT keys causes the terminal to enter

locator mode and display the locator cursor (--) on the screen.

8 5 5 5 oo

These keys move the locator cursor (--) around the screen. Each time you
press the key, the locator cursor moves one dot in the direction shown by the
arrow on the key. Pressing SHIFT with one of the arrow keys moves the locator cursor () ten dots in the direction shown by the arrow on the key.

ENTER or RETURN
Either of these keys end the locator mode of operation. The terminal sends
the screen position of the locator cursor to the host computer.
DELETE

This key ends the locator mode of operation; however, the terminal does not
send the screen position of the locator cursor to the host computer. If the terminal enters locator mode through the host computer, the terminal sends a
carriage return (CR) code.

VISUAL AND AUDIBLE INDICATORS
The GIGI terminal has two types of indicator - visual indicators above the
keyboard, and audible alarms.
Visual Indicators

Figure 3-6 shows the location of the keyboard indicators. The following paragraphs describe the function of each indicator.

ON LINE

LOCAL NO SCROLL BASIC HARDCOPY

OFS©

MA 6727

FIGURE 3-6

Keyboard Indicators

GENERAL OPERATING INFORMATION

ON LINE

This indicator lights to show that the GIGI terminal is on-line and ready to
transmit or receive messages from the host computer. The ON LINE indicator can also show self-test errors.

LOCAL

This indicator lights to show that the terminal is off-line and cannot communicate with the host computer. In local mode the keyboard remains active and
all typed characters appear on the screen. The LOCAL indicator also shows
self-test errors.

NO SCROLL

This indicator lights to show that the NO SCROLL key was pressed and the
terminal is no longer receiving or sending data to the host computer. The
codes for any keys pressed while the NO SCROLL indicator is on are stored
in the terminal and sent after the indicator turns off. To continue sending or
receiving data, you must press NO SCROLL a second time. The NO
SCROLL indicator is inactive if the XO SET-UP parameter is off (XOO0).
BASIC

This indicator lights to show that the terminal is in the BASIC program
mode. In this mode the terminal interprets all data entered on the keyboard
or received from the host computer as BASIC language commands. The
BASIC indicator also shows self-test errors.
HARDCOPY

This indicator lights to show that the optional hardcopy printer is copying the
screen. When the operation is complete, the terminal turns the indicator off.
The HARDCOPY indicator also shows self-test errors.
L1 and L2

These indicators are turned on and off by the host computer. Consult your
local operating procedures for the exact meaning of each indicator. The L1
and L2 indicators also show self-test errors.

GENERAL OPERATING INFORMATION

Audible Indicators

The GIGI terminal has two audible alarms — a short tone (click) and a long
tone (beep).

Short Tone (click)

The terminal sounds the short tone whenever you press a key, with the following exceptions.

1.
2.

SHIFT and CTRL keys do not generate a keyclick, because these keys do
not transmit codes but only modify the codes transmitted by other keys.
No key generates a keyclick if the keyclick parameter is turned off in
SET-UP mode

Long Tone (beep)

The terminal sounds the long tone when one of the following conditions occurs.

1.
2.

The terminal enters SET-UP mode.
The terminal receives a bell code from the computer.

The operator enters an incorrect parameter code or parameter setting in

The cursor is eight characters away from the right margin, and the margin bell parameter is enabled.
SET-UP mode.

TERMINAL SET-UP
INTRODUCTION

The GIGI terminal contains many features. Some of these features help the
operator in the daily use of the terminal. Other features allow the terminal to
talk to many different types of computers and computer programs. To change
these features to the required settings, the terminal contains a special mode of
operation called SET-UP mode.
This chapter provides all the information you need to operate the GIGI terminal with your computer. The chapter includes the following sections.
SET-UP mode description
SET-UP parameter summary
Determining what a SET-UP parameter does
Changing a SET-UP parameter (operator)
SET-UP parameter descriptions
Changing a SET-UP parameter (host computer)

SET-UP MODE DESCRIPTION

When you enter SET-UP mode, the terminal displays the status of each parameter stored in the terminal memory individually on the monitor screen.
Once the parameter code appears, you can change the parameter setting. After you change the parameter setting, the terminal operates according to the
new setting. The effect is the same as turning a switch on or off.
You enter SET-UP mode by pressing SET-UP. When you press SET-UP the
following events occur.

1.
2.
3.

The monitor screen scrolls down six character lines.
The long tone sounds.
The monitor enters the expanded mode.
A message similar to the following appears at the top center of the
screen.

SET-UP TS4 2400

The word SET-UP indicates the terminal is in SET-UP mode.
The next two characters are the SET-UP parameter code. This code represents the SET-UP parameter you can now change. In this case the code is TS
and stands for Transmit Speed.

Immediately following the SET-UP parameter code is its current setting (4 in
this case). This parameter setting code changes when the parameter setting
changes.

The last four characters in the message are an abbreviation of the current
parameter setting. The abbreviation in this case is 2400, to show that the terminal transmit speed is set for 2400 baud (bits per second). The parameter
setting abbreviation varies from setting to setting.

TERMINAL SET-UP

The parameter settings entered in SET-UP mode are not permanent. Every
time you turn terminal power off, the parameter settings return to a condition
known as default. The default conditions reside in two different physical locations in the terminal the default SET-UP switch pack and the read only memory (ROM).

The default SET-UP switch pack controls the following parameters.
Transmit (TS) and receive (RS) speed together
Parity (PE)
Default character (UK) sets
Communications interface (CI)
Power frequency (PF)

You can change the default values for these SET-UP parameters while installing the terminal. Chapter 2 provides the procedures to follow. This chapter
discusses the specific function and possible settings for each SET-UP parameter.

All other default SET-UP parameter settings are controlled by the read only

memory (ROM) in the GIGI terminal. These default parameter settings are
permanent. Thus, if you want a parameter setting different from the default
setting, you must change the setting each time terminal power is turned on.
SET-UP Parameter Summary

The GIGI terminal contains all the SET-UP parameters listed in Table 4-1.
The first column in the table lists the SET-UP parameters in the order they
appear on the monitor screen. The second column lists the parameter codes,
and the third column lists the possible setting codes for each parameter. The
next column lists the exact message that appears on the screen, and the last
column briefly describes what the parameter does for that setting.

This table serves only as a brief summary of the SET-UP parameters and how
they affect the GIGI terminal. See the SET-UP Parameter Descriptions section of this chapter for a more complete description of each parameter and
how it affects the terminal.

TERMINAL SET-UP

SET-UP Parameter Summary

SET-UP

Para

Set

Displayed

Parameter

Code

Message

Function

NOOPLWON
= o

Table 4-1

TSO 110*+

Set transmit speed to 110 baud.

TS1300

Set transmit speed to 300 baud.

TS2 600

Set transmit speed to 600 baud.

TS3 1200

Set transmit speed to 1,200 baud.

TS
TS
TS
TS
TS

RS
RS
RS

Local/

Line

BASIC

BA
BA
BA

Parity

Enable

TS6 9600

Set transmit speed to 9,600 baud.

TS7 19.2

Set transmit speed to 19,200 baud.

RSO 110*t

Set receive speed to 110 baud.

RS1 300

Set receive speed to 300 baud.

RS2 600

Set receive speed to 600 baud.

RS3 1200

Set receive speed to 1,200 baud.

RS4 2400

Set receive speed to 2,400 baud.

RS5 4800

Set receive speed to 4,800 baud.

RS6 9600

Set receive speed to 9,600 baud.

RS7 19.2

Set receive speed to 19,200 baud.

LLO Locl

Local mode.

LL1 OnLn*

On-line mode.

BAO Off*

BASIC disabled.

BA1 Locl

BASIC enabled in local mode.

BA2 Host

BASIC enabled in host mode.

PEO Off* t

Parity off, bit 8 set to SPACE.

PE1 Even

Even parity on, bit 8 set to even parity and

PE2 Odd

Set transmit speed to 4,800 baud.

Speed

Set transmit speed to 2,400 baud.

TS5 4800

N-=0

Receive

NOOSAL,WOWN-=20

TS4 2400

Speed

Transmit

checked.
PE

Odd parity on, bit 8 set to odd parity and
checked.

O
-

XO10n*

SMO Off

SM2 Smth*

Reverse

RVO Off*

Video

RV1 On

Horizontal

XO0 Off

Margins

X0
Scroll

SM
SM
SM

-9

XON/XOFF

XON/XOFF not sent automatically.
XON/XOFF sent automatically.
No scrolling.

SM1 Jump

Jump scroll.
Smooth scroll.

SM3 Wrap

Wrap scroll.
Normal video.
Reverse video.

HMO*

No horizontal margins.

HM(1-9)

Horizontal margins one to nine characters
from left and right.

Vertical

VMO*

No vertical margins.

Indicates the default value of the parameter.

This default value is determined by the settings of the default
SET-UP switch pack. Chapter 2 contains the procedure to change these settings.

TERMINAL SET-UP

Table 4-1

SET-UP Parameter Summary (Cont.)

SET-UP

Para

Set

Displayed

Parameter

Code

Message

Margins

1-9

VM(1-9)

Function

Vertical margins one to nine characters
from top and bottom.

Expansion

EMO Norm*

Normal display.

Mode

EM1 Expn

Expanded mode (double-width text characters).

Horizontal
Position

0-9
5

HP(0-9)

Horizontal display position.

HP5*

Normal horizontal display position.

Overstrike

0SO0 Off*

Normal text replacement.

0S10n

Overlay text writing.

VvC
VvC

0
1

VCO Off
VC1 Text

Disable visual cursor.

VC2 Grph

Enable graphics visual cursor.

VvC

VC3 Both*

Enable both cursors.

TDO Norm*

Normal processing of text display.

TD1 Text

Visual
Cursor

Text Display

Enable text visual cursor.

Display all characters as text (transparency

mode); all characters are displayed as text and
not processed, except LF which is displayed as
next line.

TD2 Ctrl

Process all characters normally, display all

GD
GD

0
1

GDO Norm*
GD1 Text

GD2 Top

GD3 Bot

Normal processing of graphics.
Display graphics commands as text.
Display last line of ReGIS at top of screen.
Display last line of ReGIS at bottom of screen.

Graphics

Prefix

0
1

GPO Off*
GP1= “I"

unrecognized characters as text.

Graphics
Display

Disable graphics prefix mode.

Enable graphics prefix mode; character shown in
quotes is prefix character.

Single

SCO Off*

Normal communications operation.

Character

SC10n

Single character operation.

Local Echo

No local echo.

LEO Off*
LE1 On

NLO Off*

New line mode disabled.

NL1 On

New line mode enabled.

AHO Off*
AH1 On

Disable auto hardcopy mode.

New Line
Auto

Hardcopy

Local echo every key stroke.

Enable auto hardcopy mode.

Auto

AW
AW

0
1

AWO Off
AW10On*

Disable auto wraparound.

Wraparound

Key Repeat

KRO Off

Disable key repeat parameter.

KR1On*

Enable key repeat parameter.

Indicates the default value of the parameter.

Enable auto wraparound.

TERMINAL SET-UP

Table 4-1

SET-UP Parameter Summary (Cont.)

KCO Off

Disable keyclick.

KC10On*

Enable keyclick.
Disable right margin bell.

MB1 On*

Enable right margin bell.
VT52 mode.

TM1 ANSI*

ANSI mode.

Keyclick

Margin Bell

MB
MB

Terminal

Mode

Keypad

Mode

Function

MBO Off

=20

Message

TMO VT52

Displayed

Code

KPO Norm*

Numeric keypad mode.

Set

Code

KP1 Appl

Application keypad mode.

Para

Parameter

CKO Norm*

Cursor key mode.

CK1 Appl

Cursor key application mode.

SET-UP

PKO Off*

Programmed keypad disabled.

Programmed keypad enabled.

Keypad Mode

PK1 On

Tablet

Only four cursor keys control locator mode.

Locator Mode

Tablet or cursor keys control locator mode.
US character set.
UK character set.

TLO Off*

Programmed

TL1On

UK Character

UKOU.S."” t

Set

UK1 U.K.

Comm.

Interface

Cursor Key
Mode

HS
HS
HS

HS
HS
PF
PF

Interlace

Self-Test

ST
ST

Set hardcopy speed to 9,600 baud.

HS7 19.2

Set hardcopy speed to 19,200 baud.
60 Hz power frequency.

PF1 50 Hz

50 Hz power frequency.
Interlace turned off.

Set hardcopy speed to 4,800 baud.

HS6 9600"

Interlace turned on.

Set hardcopy speed to 2,400 baud.

HS5 4800

IL1 On

ST
ST

Set hardcopy speed to 1,200 baud.

HS4 2400

ILO Off*

Set hardcopy speed to 600 baud.

HS3 1200

PFO 60 Hz*
t

hHhWN
=

Power

Frequency

Set hardcopy speed to 300 baud.

HS2 600

NOOOPWN-=2
0

Set hardcopy speed to 110 baud.

HS1 300

HSO 110

- 0O

Speed

EIA comm. interface selected.
20 mA comm. interface selected.

Hardcopy

CIO EIA*

Cl1 20 mA

ST1 PwUp

Select power-up self-test.

ST2 ExCm

Select external comm. test.

ST3 HcCm

Select hardcopy comm. test.

ST4 Dspl

Select display pattern test.

ST5 CBar

Select color bar test pattern.

ST9 Rept

Repeat selected test(s) until failure.

STO CIr

Clear all selected test(s).

Indicates the default value of the parameter.

This default value is determined by the settings of the default
SET-UP switch pack. Chapter 2 contains the procedure to change these settings.

TERMINAL SET-UP

Determining What a SET-UP Parameter Does

The SET-UP parameters are basically a series of options in the GIGI terminal that allow you to tailor the terminal to its operating environment. Each
time you turn the terminal on, you must set the SET-UP parameters according to the requirements of the physical location and the host computer. Table
4-2 lists each parameter in the order it appears on the monitor and places it in
one of the following general groups.
Installation
Computer compatibility
Monitor compatibility
Operator preference

The installation parameters concern the initial installation of the terminal. If
the physical location of the installation changes, verify the settings for these
SET-UP parameters.

The computer compatibility parameters must be set correctly so the GIGI
terminal can communicate with the host computer. An error in these settings
may cause the terminal to send or receive incorrect data from the computer;
or an error may prevent the terminal from communicating with the computer.
You must obtain the settings for these parameters from the host computer
programmer, operator, or system manager, since there are many combinations of settings designed to work with particular computers and computer programs. These parameter settings normally change only when you
need to communicate with a different computer or a unique software package.

The monitor compatibility parameters allow the GIGI terminal to work with
a wide range of monitors. These parameters allow you to tailor the video output of the terminal to the monitor and obtain the best possible screen display.
The operator preference parameters allow the operator to tailor the GIGI terminal to fit individual preference. These parameters do not affect operations
between the terminal and the computer.

TERMINAL SET-UP

SET-UP Parameter Categories

Line/Local (LL)

BASIC

Parity Enable (PE)

XON/XOFF (XO)

Scroll Mode (SM)

X
-

Vertical Margins (VM)

Overstrike (OS)

Visual Cursor (VC)

Text Display (TD)

Keyclick (KC)

Margin Bell (MB)

Terminal Mode (TM)

Numeric Keypad Mode (KP)

Cursor Key Mode (CK)

Programmed Keypad Mode (PK)

Tablet Locator Mode (TL)

X
X
xX

[

Key Repeat (KR)

UK Character Set (UK)

Auto Wraparound (AW)

[

Auto Hardcopy (AH)

New Line (NL)

Local Echo (LE)

Single Character (SC)

Graphics Prefix (GP)

Graphics Display (GD)

Expansion Mode (EM)
Horizontal Position (HP)

Reverse Video (RV)

Horizontal Margins (HM)

]

Receive Speed (RS)

Oper

Transmit Speed (TS)

Monitor

]

Host

Install

SET-UP Parameter’

Table 4-2

Self-Test (ST)

X
X

Power Frequency (PF)

Interlace (IL)

Comm. Interface (Cl)

Hardcopy Speed (HS)

The SET-UP parameter code used to change the SET-UP parameter is shown in parentheses.

TERMINAL SET-UP

Changing a SET-UP Parameter (Operator)
Changing any or all of the SET-UP parameters is a simple operation you can
usually perform by following this general procedure.
1.

Enter SET-UP mode by pressing SET-UP.

Select the SET-UP parameter you want to change. Use one of the four
following methods.

a. Type the two-character SET-UP parameter code on the keyboard.
b. Press RETURN until the SET-UP parameter code appears on the
screen. Each time you press this key, you advance one code.
c. Press the —— key until the SET-UP parameter code appears on the
screen. Each time you press this key, you advance one code.
d. Press the - key until the SET-UP parameter appears on the
screen. Each time you press this key, you go back one code.
Change the parameter setting. Use one of the four following methods.
a. Type the single-digit parameter setting. This changes the parameter
setting to the typed-in value without stepping through all the possible
parameter settings.

b. Press the SPACE BAR. Each time you press the SPACE BAR the pa-

rameter setting advances to the next possible value.
c. Press the | key. Each time you press the | key, the parameter
setting advances to the next possible value.
d. Press the | key. Each time you press the | key, the parameter
setting goes back to the previous setting.

To change more than one SET-UP parameter, just repeat steps 2 and 3 as
often as needed. Pressing either the RETURN or — key advances the terminal to the next parameter and displays the new parameter and its current
setting. Pressing the « key steps the terminal back to the previous parameter and displays that parameter and its setting. The terminal always returns
to the first parameter (TS) after stepping through all the parameters.
If you press any keys other than SPACE, RETURN,

—

|
|,
aparameter code letter, or a parameter value, the terminal bell
sounds and the last correct parameter or parameter setting appears on the
screen.

When all the SET-UP parameters are set, exit the SET-UP mode by pressing
SET-UP once. The screen then scrolls back to its original position and the normal viewing area appears again.

SET-UP PARAMETER DESCRIPTIONS

This section describes each SET-UP parameter in detail and explains how
each parameter affects the terminal. The SET-UP parameters are listed in
the order they appear on the screen.

Note: Unless otherwise stated, entering SET-UP mode and changing parameters does not result in the loss of data on the screen.
Transmit Speed (TS)

You must set transmit speed to match the computer receive speed. The GIGI
terminal can transmit at any one of the following preselected speeds: 110,
300, 600, 1,200, 2,400, 4,800, 9,600, and 19,200 baud.

TERMINAL SET-UP

Transmit speed is independent of receive speed; the terminal can transmit
data at one speed and receive data at a different speed.
You select the default value of both this parameter and the receive speed
(RS) parameter with the same default SET-UP switch pack settings.

Note: Setting this parameter to 110 baud (TSO0) selects two stop bits; all other settings select one stop bit.

Receive Speed (RS)

You must set receive speed to match the computer transmit speed. The GIGI
terminal can receive at any one of the following preselected speeds: 110, 300,
600, 1,200, 2,400, 4,800, 9,600 and 19,200 baud.
Receive speed is independent of transmit speed; the terminal can receive data
at one speed and transmit data at a different speed.
You select the default value of both this parameter and the transmit speed
(TS) parameter with the same default SET-UP switch pack settings.
Line/Local (LL)

The line/local parameter allows you to easily enter the terminal into either an
on-line or a local (off-line) mode. When the terminal is on-line (the ON-LINE
indicator lights), all characters typed on the keyboard are sent directly to the
computer and messages from the computer appear on the screen. In local

mode (the LOCAL indicator lights), the terminal is effectively disconnected
from the computer; messages are not sent to or received from the computer.
Characters typed on the keyboard are echoed directly to the screen.

Note: When the terminal is on-line (LL1), the data terminal ready (DTR)
signal on the EIA communications line is asserted. When the terminal enters
local mode (LLO0), DTR is deasserted and the LOCAL indicator lights.
BASIC (BA)

The BASIC mode parameter allows you to select the BASIC programming
capability of the GIGI terminal. If the BASIC mode is off (BAO), the terminal operates normally. The line/local parameter (LL) determines if the terminal is on-line or local to the host computer.
When you select BASIC local (BA1), the standard BASIC programming capability of the terminal turns on and the terminal keyboard acts as the input
device to BASIC. In this mode you enter a BASIC program into the terminal
by typing it on the keyboard. The BASIC indicator lights when you set the
parameter to BA1.

When you select BASIC host (BA2), the BASIC programming capability of
the terminal turns on and the host computer acts as the input device to BASIC. In this mode the host computer normally loads a BASIC program in the
GIGI terminal through the communications line. The BASIC indicator lights
when you set the parameter to BA2.
Parity Enable (PE)

The parity enable parameter defines the type of parity bit that the GIGI terminal generates for transmitted characters and checks for received charac-

TERMINAL SET-UP

ters. All characters contain eight bits — seven data bits and one parity bit.
You can select the parity bit from one of the three following options.
1.

Space parity, which ignores the parity bit for all received characters
(PEO)

2.
3.

Even parity, with even parity checking for all received characters (PE1)
Odd parity, with odd parity checking for all received characters (PE2)

You select the default value of this parameter with the default SET-UP
switch pack settings. Chapter 2 provides information on how to set these
switches.

XON/XOFF (XO)

The GIGI terminal can automatically generate the synchronizing codes XON
(DC1) and XOFF (DC3). The synchronizing codes prevent data loss when
the host computer sends characters to the terminal faster than the terminal
can process them. The XOFF control code stops data transmission from the
host computer to the terminal; the XON code signals the host computer to
resume transmission.

When the parameter is on, and the receive buffer contains 100 unprocessed
characters, the GIGI terminal automatically generates the XOFF code. The
receive buffer fills to that point when one of the following events occur.

You press NO SCROLL.

2.
3.

You enter the SET-UP mode.
The terminal receives characters faster than it can process them.

The buffer empties only after you press NO SCROLL again or take the termi-

nal out of SET-UP mode. The terminal then takes characters out of the buffer and processes them one at a time. When 50 characters remain in the buffer, the terminal transmits the XON code to resume transmission from the
computer to the terminal.

If the XON/XOFF parameter is off, NO SCROLL js disabled.
If the host computer software does not support the XON/XOFF codes, data
sent during buffer-full conditions may be lost.

Note: The GIGI terminal always stops transmission when it receives an
XOFF (DC3) code and resumes transmission when it receives an XON
(DC1) code, regardless of the auto XON/XOFF parameter setting.
Scroll Mode (SM)
Scrolling describes the movement of existing lines on the monitor screen to
make room for new lines on the screen. The scroll mode function has four
possible settings: scroll off, jump scroll, smooth scroll, or wrap scroll.

In scroll off mode (SMO), the text cursor always remains on the top or bottom
line of the display. The display does not move up or down. The terminal adds
new lines to the screen by writing over the top or bottom line.

In jump scroll mode (SM1), the text cursor immediately moves to the next
line. In this mode the existing lines on the screen move up or down to make
room for new lines. The new lines appear on the screen as fast as the computer sends them to the terminal. At the higher baud rates, the data is very
difficult to read due to the rapid movement of the lines.

TERMINAL SET-UP

Note: Jump scroll mode allows the terminal to add a maximum of thirty lines
per second at the top or bottom of the screen. The XON/XOFF parameter
must be enabled and supported by the host computer to ensure that data is
not lost when jump scroll mode is enabled.

In smooth scroll mode (SM2), the terminal receives new lines of data at a
limited speed. The movement of lines occurs at the smooth, steady rate of
eight lines per second, allowing you to read the data as it appears on the
screen.

Note: Smooth scroll mode allows the terminal to add a maximum of eight
lines per second at the top or bottom of the screen. The XON/XOFF parameter must be enabled and supported by the host computer to ensure that data is
not lost when smooth scroll mode is enabled.

In wrap scroll mode (SM3), the terminal adds new lines to the screen by writing over the old lines. When you reach the end of the screen, (bottom or top)
the cursor automatically moves to the beginning of the screen, and the terminal writes new lines over the old lines on the screen. Existing data on the
screen does not move.

Reverse Video (RV)

The reverse video parameter allows you to select the background of the
screen. In normal screen mode (RV0), the screen contains light (or colored)
characters on a dark background. In reverse screen mode (RV1), the screen
contains dark characters on a light (or colored) background.
Horizontal Margins (HM)

This parameter allows you to tailor the video output of the GIGI terminal to
your monitor. If the monitor cannot display 84 characters per line, you can
insert margins on both sides of the screen. The width of each margin is in
characters.

If the horizontal margin parameter is set for HMO, the monitor can display
84 characters on a line (42 characters if the expansion mode parameter is set
for EM1). If the parameter is set for a one-character margin (HM1), both the
left and right margins are one character wide. This setting allows only 82
characters per line (40 characters in EM1).

The maximum margin width is nine characters for both the left and right
margins. This setting provides space for 66 characters per line (24 characters
in EM1).
Vertical Margins (VM)

This parameter allows you to tailor the video output of the GIGI terminal to
your monitor. If the monitor cannot display 24 lines of data, you can insert
vertical margins at the top and bottom of the screen. The height of each margin is in lines.

If the vertical margin parameter is set for VMO, the terminal sends 24 lines of
data to the monitor before scrolling the screen. If the parameter is set for
VM1, both the top and bottom margins are set for one line. This setting allows the terminal to send 22 lines of data to the monitor before scrolling the
screen.

TERMINAL SET-UP

The maximum margin height is nine lines for both the top and bottom margins. This setting allows the terminal to send six lines of data to the monitor
before scrolling the screen.
Expansion Mode (EM)

This parameter allows you to expand characters on the screen to twice their
normal width. In normal mode (EMO), characters are seven dots wide and are
spaced two dots apart. In expanded mode (EM1), characters are 14 dots wide
and are spaced 4 dots apart.

The EM1 setting allows a maximum of 42 characters per line.
Horizontal Position (HP)

This parameter allows you to tailor the video output of the GIGI terminal to
your monitor. The horizontal position parameter lets you center the entire display on the screen. The normal setting for this parameter is HPS. If the display is left of center, increase the value of the parameter setting. This moves
the entire display to the right. If the display is right of center, decrease the
parameter setting value. This moves the entire display to the left.
Overstrike (0S)

This parameter allows you to create special graphics on the screen by typing
over characters. If the overstrike parameter is off (OS0), typing over a character replaces the old character with the new character. If the parameter is
on (OS1), typing over a character places the new character over the old character without destroying the old character. For example, this parameter allows you to create the “not equal to” sign (s=) by pressing the = key,
BACKSPACE key, and / key.

Visual Cursor (VC)

This parameter allows you to change the visual cursor displayed. The cursor
is the visual indicator that shows the “active position”, where the next charac-

ter will appear on the screen. The text cursor is a solid block character (H); it
only appears when the terminal is in text mode. The graphics cursor is a diamond cross hair (>) at the current drawing position; it only appears when the
terminal is in graphics mode. Only one cursor appears on the screen at any

one time.

The visual cursor parameter has four settings.

In VCO, neither the text cursor nor the graphics cursor appears on the screen.
In VC1, the text cursor appears in text mode, and no cursor appears in graphics mode.

In VC2, no cursor appears in text mode, but the graphics cursor appears in
graphics mode.

In VC3, both the text and graphics cursors appear in their respective modes.

TERMINAL SET-UP

Text Display (TD)

This parameter controls how characters sent to the display are processed by
the terminal.

In TDO, normal processing of both text and ReGIS graphics occurs.

In TD1, all characters appear as graphics text, including all control and escape sequences. No normal processing of these characters occurs, except for
line feed (LF) which causes a next-line function. The XON/XOFF codes are
still interpreted for synchronization, but also appear as graphics text. Control
codes appear as the proposed ANSI standard two-character mnemonics.
In TD2, normal processing occurs; those control codes which are not normally
processed appear as graphics text. Unrecognized escape and control sequences do not appear.

Graphics Display (GD)

This parameter controls how characters sent to the terminal’s ReGIS interpreter are processed.

In GDO, normal ReGIS processing occurs.

In GDI1, ReGIS commands appear as text, and no graphics display occurs.
When you enter ReGIS mode while in GD1, the message “GON” appears on
the screen, and “GOFF” appears when the ReGIS string is done.
In GD2 and GD3, normal processing of ReGIS graphics commands occurs.
The last line of the ReGIS commands appears as text on the top display line
(GD2) or bottom display line (GD3). This line appears only when there are no
more ReGIS commands to process, or when you freeze the display by pressing NO SCROLL.

Graphics Prefix (GP)

This parameter allows the terminal to enter graphics mode by receiving a
single unique character from the host computer. When the graphics prefix
character parameter is off (GPO0), no graphics prefix character operations can
occur. When the parameter is on (GP1), the line feed (LF) character followed
by the graphics prefix character enters the terminal into graphics mode. The
terminal interprets any characters received after the prefix character as
graphics data. The next LF character received returns the terminal to normal
text mode. If the graphics prefix character follows the second LF character,
the terminal remains in graphics mode for the next line. The terminal does
not perform a line feed function when it receives the second LF character.
Use the following procedure to set the graphics prefix character.
1.

Enter SET-UP mode and place the graphics prefix character parameter

on the screen. If the parameter has not been set, the default character (!)

appears as the prefix character.
Press the — key.

Press the key for the prefix character. The prefix character may be any
one of 95 graphic text characters (space thru pu).

The graphics prefix character is now set in the terminal.

TERMINAL SET-UP

Single Character (SC)
When this parameter is on (SC1), the terminal sends a carriage return (CR)
character after each code or set of codes generated by a single keystroke. The
CR character is also sent after a terminal report.
Local Echo (LE)
When this parameter is on (LE1), every character sent to the host computer

is automatically echoed on the screen. The host computer does not have to
transmit the character back to the terminal.
If double characters appear on the screen, turn the local echo parameter off,
since the host computer is echoing characters back to the terminal.
New Line (NL)
This parameter enables the RETURN key on the terminal to function like the
RETURN key on an electric typewriter. When the new line parameter is on

(NL1), pressing RETURN generates the carriage return (CR) and line feed
(LF) codes. When the terminal receives a LF code, it interprets the code as a
carriage return and line feed.
When the parameter is off (NLO), pressing RETURN generates only the CR

code; a LF code causes the terminal to perform a line feed only.
If double line feeds occur consistently, turn this parameter off since the computer is performing this function.
Auto Hardcopy (AH)
This parameter allows you to make a continuous hardcopy record of all text
that appears on the screen. When the auto hardcopy parameter is on (AH1),
the printer copies the screen:
1.
2.

Just before the screen is cleared

Each time an entire display of new lines scrolls onto the screen.

Auto Wraparound (AW)
This parameter determines where the next character will appear on the

screen once you reach the end of the current line. When the auto wraparound
parameter is off (AWO), all characters received after you reach the end of the
line appear in the last character position of that line. For example, take an 84character line. With the parameter off, the eighty-fifth text character received appears at the end of the current line and replaces the character already located there. This continues until the terminal receives a carriage return character.
When the parameter is on (AW1), the eighty-fifth text character received appears in the first character position on the next line.

TERMINAL SET-UP

Key Repeat (KR)
This parameter allows a key to automatically repeat when you hold the key

down for more than 0.5 seconds. The repeat rate speeds up to about 30 characters per second when you hold the key down for more than 1.5 seconds. The
key repeat parameter affects all but the following keyboard keys.
BREAK

ESC

NO SCROLL

SET-UP
RETURN

CTRL and any other key
PF1 toPF4 and SHIFT

Keyclick (KC)
The keyclick is a tone generated every time you press a key. The keyclick

may be turned on or off to suit the operator’s needs. However, research and
experience have shown that an operator is more accurate when there is an
audible feedback from the keyboard.
The keyclick volume is not adjustable.
Margin Bell (MB)
This parameter acts like the bell in a typewriter. When the margin bell parameter is on (MB1), the GIGI terminal sounds a tone to alert the operator
that the cursor is nine characters from the end of the current line.
Terminal Mode (TM)

The GIGI terminal follows two different programming standards — American
National Standards Institute (ANSI) and VT52. In ANSI mode (TM1), the
GIGI terminal generates and responds to coded sequences per ANSI standards X3.41-1974 and X3.64-1977. In VT52 mode (TMO), the GIGI terminal
is compatible with previous DIGITAL software used on the VT52 video terminal. Chapter 7 summarizes both ANSI and VT52 modes.
Keypad Mode (KP)
In normal (numeric) mode (KPO0), the auxiliary keypad keys transmit the ASCII codes for the characters engraved on the keycaps, (0 to 9, etc.). The
ENTER key acts like the RETURN key on the main keyboard. In application
mode (KP1), these keys transmit unique escape sequences. Chapter 7 provides the exact escape sequences.

Cursor Key Mode (CK)
In normal (cursor) mode (CKO), the four cursor keys send the ANSI cursor
movement escape sequences. In application mode (CK1), the cursor keys
transmit unique escape sequences. Chapter 7 provides the exact escape sequences. In VT52 mode (TMO), this parameter has no effect; the four cursor
keys send the codes listed in Table 7-1.

TERMINAL SET-UP

Programmed Keypad Mode (PK)

You can program the GIGI terminal to send special sequences for any or all
of the auxiliary keypad keys. When the programmable keypad parameter is
on (PK1), keys that are programmed to send special code sequences send
those sequences. Keys not programmed are not affected. If the parameter is
off (PKO), all cursor and auxiliary keypad keys transmit their normal sequences as selected by the TM, KP, and CK parameters.
Tablet Locator Mode (TL)

This parameter defines how you move the locator mode cross-hair cursor.
When the parameter is off (TLO), you move the cross-hair cursor by pressing
one of the four arrow keys on the keyboard. The cross-hair cursor moves in
the direction of the arrow on the key.

When this parameter is on (TL1), an optional tablet pen or cursor positions
the cross-hair cursor.

United Kingdom Character Set (UK)

The GIGI terminal contains two different character sets — the United States
ASCII character set and the UK (United Kingdom) character set. The difference between the two sets is one character, the # or £ sign. When this parameter is on (UK1), the UK pound sign £ appears instead of the # sign.
Setting this parameter does not immediately change the character that appears on the screen. You must reset the terminal to obtain the desired character set.

The default SET-UP switch pack settings determine the default value of this
parameter. Chapter 2 provides information on how to set these switches.
Communications Interface (Cl)

This parameter selects the communications interface (EIA or 20 mA current
loop) used to connect the terminal to the host computer. A parameter setting
of CIO selects EIA communications. CI1 selects the 20 mA communications.
You must set this parameter correctly for the GIGI terminal to communicate
with the host computer.

The default SET-UP switch pack settings determine the default value of this
parameter. Chapter 2 provides information on how to set these switches.
Hardcopy Speed (HS)

You must set the hardcopy speed to match the hardcopy printer’s transmit
and receive speed. The GIGI terminal can transmit data to the hardcopy
printer at any one of the following preselected speeds: 110, 300, 600, 1,200,
2,400, 4,800, 9,600 and 19,200 baud.

TERMINAL SET-UP

Power Frequency (PF)

This parameter matches the terminal’s video output signals to the monitor
characteristics affected by the power line frequency. During the terminal installation, you must set this parameter for the power line frequency, 50 or 60
Hertz. In the US, the correct setting is 60 Hertz (PFO).

The default SET-UP switch pack settings determine the default value of this
parameter. Chapter 2 provides information on how to set these switches.
Interlace (IL)

Interlace describes a method of displaying characters on the screen. When
the interlace parameter is on, every other scan line (row of horizontal dots)
appears on the screen. After a complete scan of the screen, the terminal returns to start and scans the lines that were skipped. When the parameter is
off, every scan line appears on the screen in order.

Using the interlace parameter with a monitor that does not need an interlaced
video input causes the screen to flicker. When you use the Barco Model
GD33 monitor with the GIGI terminal, turn the interlace parameter off
(ILO).

Self-Test (ST)

This parameter selects the internal test programs the terminal performs. The
following programs are available.

Clear all selected test(s) (0)
Power-up test (1)
External communications test (2)
Hardcopy communications test (3)
Display pattern test (4)
Color bar test pattern (5)

Repeat the selected test(s) until failure (9)

The self-test parameter allows you to select more than one test program. To
do this just type the number of each test program you want to run. The terminal performs the test(s) when you exit SET-UP mode by pressing SET-UP.
Changing a SET-UP Parameter (Host Computer)

The host computer can change all GIGI terminal SET-UP parameters. The
host computer has this capability because the SET-UP parameters directly
affect how the terminal acts with specific programs. The host computer
changes the SET-UP parameters by sending escape sequences to the terminal. The terminal then changes the SET-UP parameters and acts according to
the new settings.

The Device Control Strings (DCS) section in Chapter 7 describes the specific
escape sequences and message formats that change the terminal SET-UP parameters.

WHAT TO DO IN THE EVENT

OF A PROBLEM
INTRODUCTION

The GIGI terminal can perform many functions. Some of these functions are
controlled by the terminal hardware, while others are controlled by the software. Many times you cannot tell the difference between a hardware or software failure if a function does not perform as expected. To help you isolate
the problem, every GIGI terminal contains a complete set of hardware selftest programs.

The hardware self-tests check all the major terminal functions. If a problem
is found, the self-test program indicates that a problem exists and what the
problem is. The first part of this chapter outlines the steps you should follow
to test the GIGI terminal. This section also gives you all the test results and
their meanings.

The second part of this chapter contains a simple troubleshooting chart. The
troubleshooting chart lists some common problems that may occur along with
the steps you can take to correct them. Many times you can avoid a costly
service call simply by referring to this chart and performing the actions recommended.

INTERNAL HARDWARE SELF-TESTS
A self-test mode is built into the GIGI terminal. The self-test mode has two
different series of tests, power-up tests and diagnostic tests. The power-up
tests automatically check the condition of the terminal every time you turn on
terminal power. The diagnostic tests check the terminal outputs, and require
the loopback connectors.
Power-Up Self-Test

The power-up self-test checks the following terminal circuits.
Microprocessor

Visual and audible indicators
Read only memory (ROM)
Random access memory (RAM)
CRT controller
CRT timing
Vector timing
Video bit map
Vector generator
Keyboard
Communications (internal)

You can start the power-up self-test in four different ways.
1.

Turn the terminal power switch on.

Reset the terminal by pressing the SHIFT and auxiliary keypad PF1
keys together in SET-UP mode.

3.
4.

Select the SET-UP self-test feature (ST1).
Receive a command from the host computer.

WHAT TO DO IN THE EVENT OF A PROBLEM

The power-up self-test takes about 15 seconds to run. While the test is running, various random patterns appear on the monitor screen. This is a normal
indication. Once the test is complete, the cursor appears in the upper left corner of the screen and onl/y the ON LINE indicator is turned on. If the selftest finds an error, the error appears on either the keyboard indicators or the
screen. See the Error Codes section of this chapter for a list of the error codes

and their meanings.

Diagnostic Tests

-l

The GIGI terminal contains the following five diagnostic tests.

External communications test
Hardcopy communications test
Display test
Color bar test
Screen alignment pattern

The following paragraphs discuss these tests individually.
External Communications Test

This test is an extension of the internal communications test contained in the
power-up test. In the external communications test, the transmit and receive
lines connect through a loopback connector. Then a predefined set of characters is transmitted. The terminal receives the characters and compares them
to the characters transmitted. If the characters do not match, an error is indicated. This test runs for all communications speeds.
The external communcations test requires a loopback connector. Chapter 9
provides information on how to obtain loopback connectors needed for this
test.

Use the following procedure to start the external communications test.
1.
2.
3.

Turn the terminal power off.
Disconnect the communications cable from the rear of the terminal.
Install the correct loopback connector on the terminal communications
output connector. Loopback connector part number 12-15336-00 is for
EIA communications; part number 70-15503-00 is for 20 mA current

loop communications.
Turn the terminal power on.

Enter SET-UP mode.

Verify the communications interface SET-UP feature (CIO is EIA and

CIl1 is 20 mA.)
Set the self-test SET-UP feature for selection 2 (ST2).

Exit SET-UP mode by pressing SET-UP. This starts the test.

Any error found by the test appears on the monitor screen. See the Error

Codes section of this chapter for a list of the error codes and their meanings.
Hardcopy Communications Test

This test is similar to the external communications test. In the hardcopy communications test, the transmit and receive hardcopy output lines connect
through a special loopback connector. Then a predefined set of characters is
transmitted. The terminal receives the characters and compares them to the
characters transmitted. If the characters do not match, an error is indicated.

WHAT TO DO IN THE EVENT OF A PROBLEM

This test requires a loopback connector. Chapter 9 provides information on

how to obtain loopback connectors needed for this test.

Use the following procedure to start the hardcopy communications test.
Turn the terminal power off.

Disconnect the hardcopy printer cable from the rear of the terminal.
Install the EIA loopback connector on the terminal hardcopy connector.

NS L

2.
3.

The loopback connector is part number 12-15336-00.
Turn the terminal power on.
Enter SET-UP mode.

Set the self-test SET-UP feature for selection 3 (ST3).

Exit SET-UP mode by pressing SET-UP. This starts the test.

Any error found by the test appears on the monitor screen. See the Error
Codes section of this chapter for a list of the error codes and their meanings.
Display Test

This test displays a full screen of blue, red, green, white, black, and a
crosshatch pattern. Each display screen lasts for approximately 0.5 seconds,

and the crosshatch pattern remains on the screen at the end of the test. On a
black and white monitor the test displays full screens of increasing intensity.

Use the following procedure to start the display test.
1.

Enter SET-UP mode.

Set the self-test SET-UP feature for selection 4 (ST4).

Exit SET-UP mode by pressing SET-UP. This starts the test.

An error in this test occurs if one of the display screens does not appear. If
this happens the monitor attached to the GIGI terminal may have failed. Pro-

ceed with the color bar test.

To clear the screen, reset the terminal.

Color Bar Test
This test displays a color bar/gray scale pattern on the monitor screen for
approximately 0.5 seconds. The color bar/gray scale pattern consists of eight

equally spaced vertical bars. On a color monitor the bars appear from left to
right in the following order.
black

blue

red

magenta

green

cyan

vyellow

white

On a black and white (monochrome) monitor the bars appear as different
shades of gray. The bars start with a black bar on the left side of the screen
and increase in intensity to a white bar on the right side.
Use the following procedure to start the color bar test.
1.
2.

Enter SET-UP mode.
Set the self-test SET-UP feature for selection 5 (STS5).

Exit SET-UP mode by pressing SET-UP. This starts the test.

An error in this test occurs if the color bar/gray scale pattern does not appear
on the screen or a portion of the pattern is missing. Either error condition may

indicate that the attached monitor has failed, the video cable is not connected

properly, or the GIGI terminal contains an error. If you suspect the terminal

has failed, connect it to a different monitor and perform both the display and
color bar/gray scale tests. If the same symptoms are present the second time,
the terminal has probably failed.

WHAT TO DO IN THE EVENT OF A PROBLEM

To clear the screen, reset the terminal.
Screen Alignment Pattern

This test fills the monitor screen with a crosshatch pattern. The crosshatch
pattern allows a service technician to adjust the monitor connected to the
GIGI terminal.

Use the following procedure to play the screen alignment pattern on the
screen.

Enter SET-UP mode.

2.
3.

Set the self-test SET-UP feature for selection 4 (ST4).
Exit SET-UP mode by pressing SET-UP. This starts the display test. At
the end of the display test, the screen alignment pattern remains on the
screen.

To clear the screen, reset the terminal.
Error Codes

There are two major types of errors — fatal and nonfatal.

Fatal errors cause the terminal to immediately stop all operations. No intelligible information appears on the monitor screen. The monitor most likely
contains a random pattern. The only error indication (in addition to the random pattern) is an error code displayed on the keyboard LED indicators.
The fatal error code displayed on the keyboard LEDs consists of two different
messages — an error code and a data code. The error code lights the ON
LINE indicator and displays a code in the BASIC, HARDCOPY, L1, and
L2 indicators. The data code lights the LOCAL indicator and displays a code
in the BASIC, HARDCOPY, L1, and L2 indicators. The GIGI terminal alternates between each message about every 0.25 seconds.
Table 5-1 shows the possible fatal error codes.

Nonfatal errors do not halt the terminal processor. Instead, the terminal displays an error code on the keyboard LEDs and in the center of the screen. If a
nonfatal error occurs, you can still use the terminal. In this case the terminal
remains in the online or local mode with the appropriate indicator lit. The
error is indicated by any of the BASIC, HARDCOPY, L1, or L2 indicators
blinking. An example of this is a keyboard error. If the self-test detects a keyboard error, the L2 indicator blinks and the message KB ERR appears on the
screen.

Table 5-2 lists all of the nonfatal error codes the terminal can display and
what they mean to the terminal.

WHAT TO DO IN THE EVENT OF A PROBLEM

Table 5-1

Fatal Error Codes
LED Error Code

HARD-

Error Code

LINE

LOCAL

SCROLL

BASIC

COPY

Meaning

Microprocessor error

Data code

ROM error

Data code

RAM error

Data code

CRT controller error

Data code

CRT controller time-out

Data code

Vector time-out error

Data code

X = On, 0 = Off, ? = Variable Condition

Table 5-2

Nonfatal Error Codes

LED Error Code

SCROLL

HARD-

BASIC

Screen

Error Code

COPY

Code

Meaning

KB Err

Keyboard error

IC Err

Internal communications control signal error

ID Err

Internal communications data loopback error

IT Err

Internal communications time-out error

EC Err

External communications control signal

ED Err

External communications data

ET Err

External communications time-out error

EM Err

External communications modem

HC Err

Hardcopy communications control

HD Err

Hardcopy communications data

HT Err

Hardcopy communications time-out error

KC Err

Keyboard and internal communications

KD Err

Keyboard and internal communications data

KT Err

Keyboard and internal communications

none

error

loopback error

signal error
signal error

loopback error

control signal error

loopback error
time-out error

X = On, 0 = Off,

B = Blinking

Vector generator error

WHAT TO DO IN THE EVENT OF A PROBLEM

Table 5-2

Nonfatal Error Codes (Cont.)

LED Error Code

Screen

Error Code

SCROLL

BASIC

HARD-

COPY

Code

Meaning

KB Err

Vector generator and keyboard error

IC Err

Vector generator and internal
communications control
signal error

ID Err

Vector generator and internal

IT Err

Vector generator and internal

KC Err

Vector generator, keyboard,and

communications data loopback error
communications time-out error

communications control
signal error

KD Err

Vector generator, keyboard, and internal

KT Err

Vector generator, keyboard, and internal

none

Video RAM error

KB Err

Video RAM and keyboard error

IC Err

Video RAM and internal communications

ID Err

Video RAM and internal communications

IT Err

Video RAM and internal communications

KC Err

Video RAM, keyboard, and internal

KD Err

Video RAM, keyboard, and internal

KT Err

Video RAM, keyboard, and internal

none

Video RAM and vector generator error

KB Err

Video RAM, vector generator, and

IC Err

ID Err

IT Err

Video RAM, vector generator and internal

KC Err

Video RAM, vector generator, keyboard, and

KD Err

communications data loopback error
communications time-out error

control signal error
data loopback error
time-out error

communications control signal error

communications data loopback error
communications time-out error

keyboard error

Video RAM, vector generator, and internal
communications control signal error

Video RAM, vector generator, and internal
communications data loopback error
communications time-out error

communications control signal error

Video RAM, vector generator, keyboard, and
internal communications data
loopback error

KT Err

Video RAM, vector generator, keyboard,
and internal communications time-out error

X = On, 0 = Off,

B = Blinking

WHAT TO DO IN THE EVENT OF A PROBLEM

COMMON PROBLEMS

This section outlines some common problems you may encounter with the
GIGI terminal. If you suspect a problem in the terminal, you should initiate
the power-up self-test procedure. This test helps you determine if the problem
lies in your terminal or in some other part of the computer system.

Table 5-3 describes many items you can check prior to making a service call.
The first column lists problem symptoms; the second column lists a series of
possible causes for each symptom, and some easy-to-do steps that may correct
the problem.

Table 5-3

Problem Checklist

Symptom

Possible Cause/Corrective Action

GIGI terminal does not turn

AC power cord is not plugged into wall outlet. Plug in cord.

on when the power switch
is turned on

AC power cord is not plugged into terminal. Plug in cord.
Power is not coming from the wall outlet. Check outlet with a known

good electrical device (such as a lamp). If no power, call your
electrician.

AC line fuse blown. Turn power switch off and have the fuse

replaced. (See Figure 3-1 for location.)
No keyboard response

Perform the self-test operation.

Garbled or error

Incorrect SET-UP feature selection. Correct the SET-UP

characters

features. Suggested SET-UP features which may be in error:

Parity (PE)
Receive speed (RS)

Transmit speed (TS)
ANSI/VT52 mode (TM)
AUTO XON/XOFF (XO)
Perform the self-test operation.

Characters not displayed
on the monitor

The monitor is not turned on. Turn the power on.
The monitor brightness is too low. Increase the brightness setting.

The monitor is not connected to the GIGI terminal. Connect the
monitor.
Perform the self-test operation.

Wrong color displayed

The cables between the GIGI terminal and the monitor are not

on a color monitor

connected correctly. Reconnect the cables.
One of the cables between the GIGI terminal and the monitor is
broken. Replace the cable.

Perform the self-test operation.
Printer does not copy

The printer is out of paper or not ready. Check the printer.

screen

The printer is not connected to the GIGI terminal correctly.

Reconnect the printer.
Perform the self-test operation.

HOW TO GET YOUR TERMINAL
REPAIRED
INTRODUCTION

This chapter provides all of the information you, the customer, need to have
your GIGI terminal repaired should it fail. This includes basic warranty information, how to obtain warranty repairs, how to obtain service under the
Return to DIGITAL Servicenter Maintenance Agreement, and a complete list
of DIGITAL Servicenters.

PRODUCT WARRANTY
The GIGI terminal is under warranty against any defects in workmanship or
material for a period of ninety (90) days. The warranty period is for the 90
days following the arrival of the GIGI terminal at your site or for the 120
days following the terminal shipment from DIGITAL, whichever comes first.
WARRANTY REPAIRS

You must perform the following procedure to have the terminal repaired under warranty.

Verify that the terminal has failed by performing the extensive self-tests
outlined in Chapter 5. If you are still not sure that the terminal has
failed after running the tests, swap the GIGI terminal with another one.
If the symptoms remain, then the terminal is probably good and the failure is in some other part of the system.
If you determine from step 1 that the GIGI terminal is defective, call
your nearest authorized DIGITAL Servicenter to obtain a return authorization (RA) number. (A complete list of DIGITAL Servicenters
appears at the end of this chapter.) When you call for the RA number,
have the following information readily available.
a. Terminal model number (VK100 AA or VK100 AB) and terminal serial number. This information is on the rear of the terminal.
b. A description of the problem. Include all the error codes displayed
when the internal tests were run.
c. Any warranty verification requested.
d. The number of units being returned.
When the DIGITAL Servicenter gives you the RA number, they will
tell you the best way to ship the terminal.

Note the RA number. If you have any questions concerning the terminal
while it is being repaired, the RA number will help to speed the process.
Pack the terminal in an authorized shipping container. Follow the repacking instructions in Chapter 2. The shipping container should have
the following items.
GIGI terminal
Terminal power cord
Video cable
Written description of the problem
Complete return address, including the name of a contact person to
whom the terminal can be returned

HOW TO GET YOUR TERMINAL REPAIRED

If you return the GIGI terminal to DIGITAL in any container other
than an authorized shipping container, DIGITAL will replace the shipping container and bill you for its cost.
Return the GIGI terminal to the designated DIGITAL Servicenter,
transportation prepaid. The transportation charges for the return of the
repaired unit are paid by DIGITAL, and the unit is shipped in the same
mode used by the customer.

If DIGITAL determines that the equipment returned to it for warranty repair is not defective as herein defined, you will be invoiced by DIGITAL for
all costs of handling and transportation.
All units repaired are under warranty for a period of thirty (30) days after the
date of return shipment or for the remaining warranty period, whichever is
longer.

The warranty is void if one of the following conditions occur.
1.
2.

The terminal is misused in any way.
The terminal is modified in any way.

DIGITAL MAINTENANCE SERVICE REPAIRS
The primary maintenance service offered by DIGITAL for the GIGI terminal is the Return to DIGITAL Servicenter Maintenance Agreement. If your
GIGI is covered under an agreement, please use the following procedure. If
not, contact your DIGITAL account salesperson or your local DIGITAL
Field Service office.

To have the terminal repaired under the Return to DIGITAL Servicenter
Maintenance Agreement, you must perform this procedure.
1.

Verify that the terminal has failed by performing the extensive self-tests
outlined in Chapter 5. If you are still not sure that the terminal has
failed after running the tests, swap the GIGI terminal with another one.
If the symptoms remain, then the terminal is probably good and the failure is in some other part of the system.
If you determine from step 1 that the GIGI terminal is defective, call
your nearest DIGITAL Servicenter to obtain a return authorization
(RA) number. (A complete list of DIGITAL Servicenters appears at the
end of this chapter.) When you call for the RA number, have the following information readily available.
a. Terminal model number (VK100 AA or VK100 AB) and terminal serial number. This information is on the rear of the terminal.
b. A description of the problem. Include all the error codes displayed
when the internal tests were run.

HOW TO GET YOUR TERMINAL REPAIRED

When the DIGITAL Servicenter gives you the RA number, they will
tell you the best way to ship the terminal.
Note the RA number. If you have any questions concerning the terminal
while it is being repaired, the RA number will help to speed the process.
Pack the terminal in an authorized shipping container. Follow the repacking instructions in Chapter 2. The shipping container should have
the following items.
GIGI terminal
Terminal power cord
Video cable
Written description of the problem
Complete return address, including the name of a contact person to
whom the terminal can be returned

Mark the RA number on the outside of the shipping container and on all
paperwork sent with the terminal.
The only authorized shipping container for the GIGI terminal is the one
in which the terminal was originally shipped. If you cannot locate an
original shipping container, you can purchase one from the DIGITAL
Servicenter.
If you return the GIGI terminal to DIGITAL in any container other
than an authorized shipping container, DIGITAL will replace the shipping container and bill you for its cost.

Return the GIGI terminal to the designated DIGITAL Servicenter,
transportation prepaid. The transportation charges for the return of the
repaired unit are paid by DIGITAL, and the unit is shipped in the same
mode used by the customer.
On-Site Service Agreements
DIGITAL on-site contract service may also be available for the GIGI terminal. For more information on the customer services available, contact your
DIGITAL account salesperson or your local DIGITAL Field Service office.
DIGITAL Servicenters

DIGITAL Servicenters are located around the world. The following list provides the address and telephone number(s) for each Servicenter.
United States

Digital Equipment Corporation
Servicenter

1207 East Remington Road
Schaumberg, Illinois 60195
Telephone: (312) 640-2202
(312) 640-2217
Digital Equipment Corporation
Servicenter
U.S. Route 1, CN-2
Princeton, New Jersey 08540
Telephone: (609) 452-2940

HOW TO GET YOUR TERMINAL REPAIRED

Digital Equipment Corporation
Servicenter
3390 Harbor Boulevard
Costa Mesa, California 92626

Telephone: (714) 979-2460
England

Digital Equipment Co., Ltd.

Servicenter

V7 Building, ABL Site
Gasworks Road
G-B Reading, Berkshire RG1 3EF
England
Telephone: 583555
Belgium

Digital Equipment N.V.S.A.
Servicenter
Rue De La Fusee 60
B-1140 Brussels

Belgium
Telephone: 733-96-50
Holland

Digital Equipment B.V.
Servicenter
Colorado Dreef 26-28
P.O. Box 9064
NL-3563 VA Utrecht

Holland
Telephone: 611814
Australia

Digital Equipment Australia Pty., Ltd.
Servicenter
10-12 West Street
Pymble, New South Wales 2073
Australia
Telephone: 4393598
New Zealand

Digital Equipment New Zealand Ltd.
Servicenter
Greenlane, Auckland 5
New Zealand
Telephone: 591-289

Canada
Digital Equipment of Canada Ltd.

Servicenter
100 Herzberg Road
Kanata, Ontario, Canada
K2K 2A6

Telephone: (613) 592-5111 ext.2530

PROGRAMMING SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION

This chapter summarizes the programming characteristics of the GIGI terminal. The summary covers the following topics.
Codes generated by the keyboard
Character sets

Terminal actions to control sequences in both the ANSI and
VT52 modes
ReGIS command structure
BASIC command structure

KEYBOARD CODES

The following paragraphs describe the codes generated by the GIGI terminal
keyboard.

Standard Key Codes

The GIGI terminal keyboard resembles a standard office typewriter. In addition to the standard typewriter keys, the terminal has keys to generate control
functions and cursor control commands. Figure 7-1 shows the GIGI terminal
keyboard layout and the ASCII codes generated by each key.
Octal Codes Generated by Keyboard

FIGURE 7-1
ASCII Codes

(Shifted Codes Shown Above Legends:

Keyboard-Generated

Unshifted Codes Shown Below Legends)

033

041

033

061

ESC

o011
TAB
o11

100 || 043

044 || 045

062 || 063

064

121
Q
161

127
w
167

105
E
145

136

046

052

050

051

065 || 066

067

070

071

060

5% || 6 A

122
R
162

124
T
164

131
Y
171

125
u
165

11
1
151

137

117
0]
157

153

== || =

055 || 075

120
P
160

173
I
133

176

\ ~

140

175
11
135

&1&

||spPACE

010

177
DELETE
177

101

123

104

106

107

110

112

113

114

072 || 042

RETURN

015

174

141

163

144

146

147

150

152

153

154

073 || 047

015

134

132

130

103

126

102

116

115 || 074

076

077

172

170

143

166

142

156

155 || 054

056

057

. <

012

040
040
MA3386

Cursor Control Key Codes
The GIGI terminal’s main keyboard contains four cursor control keys. Table
7-1 lists all the possible codes generated by these keys. You select the
ANSI/VT52 mode with the terminal mode (TM) SET-UP feature, and the
cursor key application mode with the set mode (SM) and reset mode (RM)
control functions.

Auxiliary Keypad Codes

The GIGI terminal contains an auxiliary or numeric keypad to the right of
the main keyboard. Table 7-2 shows all the possible codes generated by the
numeric keys. Table 7-3 shows all the possible codes generated by the program function (PF) keys. You select the ANSI/VT52 mode with the terminal
mode (TM) SET-UP feature, and the keypad applications mode with the set
mode (SM) and reset mode (RM) control functions.

PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

Table 7-1

Cursor Control Key Codes

ANSI Mode/Cursor

Cursor Key

VT52

ANSI Mode/Cursor

Key Mode Set

(Arrow)

Mode

Key Mode Reset

(Application)

ESCA

ESC[A

ESCOA

Down

ESCB

ESB[B

ESCOB

Right

ESCC

ESC[C

ESCOC

Left

ESCD

ESC[D

ESCOD

Auxiliary Keypad Numeric Key Codes

|<D(DNO)UIAODN—LO

Key

ENTER

Keypad Numeric

Keypad Application Mode

Mode

ANSI

l(D(D\IO)UI-b&)l\)—lO

Table 7-2

ESCOp

ESC?p

ESCOq

ESC?7q

ESCOr

ESC ?r

ESCOs

ESC?s

Same as RETURN

VT52

ESCOt

ESC ?t

ESCOu

ESC?u

ESCOv

ESC?v

ESCOw

ESC?w

ESC O x

ESC ? x

ESCOy

ESC?y

ESCOm

ESC ?m

ESCO|

ESC ? |

ESCOn

ESC ?n

ESCOM

ESC?M
1

Table 7-3

Auxiliary Keypad PF Key Codes

Keypad Numeric Mode/
Keypad Application Mode

Key

ANSI

VT52

PF1/HARDCOPY

ESCOP

ESC?P

PF2/LOCTR

ESCOQ

ESC?Q

PF3/TEXT

ESCOR

ESC?R

PF4/RESET

ESCO S

ESC? S

Control Characters
The GIGI terminal generates and supports certain control characters. Figure
7-2 shows the control characters generated by the terminal keyboard. Table

7-4 lists the control characters supported by the GIGI terminal, and the action the terminal takes when it receives each control character. The terminal
ignores control characters that it does not support.

PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

Characters Generated by Keyboard

FIGURE 7-2

with CTRL Key Held Down

Keyboard-Generated

(Mnemonics Shown Above Legends:
Octal Codes Shown Below Legends)

Control Codes

ESC

Esc || 11

2@ || 34 || 4s || 5% || 62 |} 7& || 8"

9 (

—

XON

ETB

ENQ

DC2

DC4

NAK

DLE

ESC

021

027

005

022

024

031

025

017

020

033

035

TAB

SOH || XOFF || EOT

A
001

S
023

ACK

D
004

BEL

F
G
006 || 007

||LF/NL

H
010

J
012

ETX

SYN

STX

Ele]

032

003

026

002

016

015

030

K
013

SuB || CAN

L
014

pES

036

010

~ [| S5

033

DEL

DELETE
177

FS
\|
034

RETURN
015

037

e
012

NUL
000
MA3387

Table 7-4

Terminal-Supported Control Character Functions

Control Code

Octal Code

Terminal Action

BEL

007

Ring the terminal bell.

010

Backspace the cursor by one position;
if at left margin, then no operation.

011

Horizontal tab; move the cursor to next

fixed tab position (fixed at eight

character intervals). The cursor will not
move if right margin is reached.
LF

012

Line feed; move cursor to next line
down. If at bottom margin, the cursor

position remains unchanged. If new line
mode is enabled, perform carriage
return function.
FF

014

Form feed; clear screen and move

cursor to home position (upper left
corner).
CR

015

Carriage return; move cursor to left
margin.

016

Shift out; invoke G1 character set.

017

Shift in; invoke GO character set.

DC1(XON)

021

Allows terminal to resume transmitting.

DC3(XOFF)

023

Causes terminal to stop transmitting all
characters except XOFF and XON.

CAN

030

If sent during an escape sequence, the
sequence is immediately terminated
and not executed. Causes the error
character () to be displayed.

SuB

032

Same effect as CAN.

ESC

033

Subsequent character(s) are
interpreted as part of an escape
sequence.

PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

CHARACTER SETS

il
e

The GIGI terminal can contain up to five character sets.
United Kingdom (UK)
United States (USASCII)
Soft character set 1
Soft character set 2
Soft character set 3

The soft character sets 1 through 3 are the same character sets referenced in

the ReGIS mode of operation. You can select the contents of these character
sets to meet your specific requirements. The character sets are loaded by using the ReGIS L command. (See the ReGIS command summary contained in
this chapter.)
Using multiple character sets in the GIGI terminal is a simple, two-step oper-

ation. You must define the active character sets and select one of those sets
for use.
From these five character sets you should select one or two active character

sets. This is done with the select character set (SCS) control sequence. The

SCS control sequence defines the active character sets as GO and G1. Table
7-5 summarizes the SCS control sequences. It lists the exact sequence needed

to define any character set as GO or G1.

Table 7-5

Select Character Set Sequences

Character Set

ESC (A

ESC)A

US ASCII

ESC (B

ESC)B

Soft Set 1

ESC (O

ESC)0

Soft Set 2

ESC (1

ESC) 1

Soft Set 3

ESC (2

ESC) 2

The shift in (SI) and shift out (SO) control characters select the actual character set used. When the terminal receives the shift in (SI, 017g) control character, the character set defined as GO by the SCS control sequence becomes
the active character set. The shift out (SO, 016g) control character activates
the character set defined as G1 by the SCS control sequence. The following
examples show how the multiple character sets are used.
Example 1.

You want to use the United States character set and soft char-

acter set 3 in the terminal. To select these two character sets as the active
character sets, the host computer sends the following control sequences to the
terminal.
ESC (B

ESC) 2

To define the United States character set as GO
To define soft character set 3 as G1

The shift in and shift out control characters then control the selection of the
active character sets. Shift in (SI, 017g) selects the US character set and shift
out (SO, 016g) selects soft character set 3.

PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

Example 2.
You want to use soft character set 1 and the United States
character set in the terminal. To define these two character sets as the active
character sets, the host computer sends the following control sequences to the
terminal.
ESC (0

To define soft character set 1 as GO

ESC) B

To define the United States character set as G1

The shift in and shift out control characters then control the selection of the
active character set. Shift in (SI, 017g) selects soft character set 1, and shift
out (SO, 016g) selects the US character set.
As the two examples show, you can define any character set as GO and any
other character set as G1. In those cases where you use only one character
set, you can define it as both GO and G1.

At either power-up or master reset, the terminal defines the default character
set as both GO and G1. The default SET-UP switch pack selects the specific
default character set. See Chapter 2 for information on changing the default
character set.

CONTROL FUNCTIONS
The GIGI terminal is an upward and downward software compatible terminal. Previous DIGITAL terminals have DIGITAL private standards for control sequences. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) has since

standardized control sequences in terminals. The GIGI terminal is compatible with both the previous DIGITAL standards and current ANSI standards.
Note: The ANSI standards allow the manufacturer flexibility in implementing each function. This manual describes how the GIGI terminal responds to
the implemented ANSI control functions.
Customers may use existing DIGITAL software designed around the VTS52,
or new GIGI terminal software designed to meet ANSI standards. The GIGI
terminal has a “VT52 compatible” mode in which the GIGI terminal re-

sponds to control sequences like a VT52. In this mode, you cannot use many
GIGI terminal features.
Throughout this chapter references are made to “VT52 mode” or “ANSI
mode”. These two terms indicate the GIGI terminal’s software compatibility.
All new software should be designed around the GIGI terminal’s ANSI
mode. The VT52 mode is included only to provide continuity for existing operating systems support.
The following paragraphs briefly summarize the control sequences imple-

mented by the GIGI terminal. See the reference documents listed in Chapter
9 for more information.
The following ANSI standards were used in implementing the GIGI terminal.
X3.16-1976

Character Structure and Character Parity Sense

X3.4-1977
X3.41-1974
X3.64-1977

USA Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)
Code Extension Techniques for Use with ASCII

Addition Controls for Use with ASCII

PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

The GIGI terminal implements a subset of these standards.

In the list of control functions in this chapter, the characters are shown using
the ASCII character set. The case (upper or lower) of the characters sent is
significant and must be sent exactly as documented. These characters are
spaced apart for clarity only. The SPACE character (040g) never appears in
any of the GIGI terminal’s recognizable control or escape sequences. The
ESCAPE character (033g) is defined as ESC. All graphics characters shown
in color are integral to the control or escape sequence. Characters printed in
black indicate variable parameters (Ps and Pn) or a possible sequence of parameters (...). Where a variable parameter is indicated, the possible values
appear immediately after the sequence.
ANSI Mode Definitions

The following list defines the basic elements of the ANSI mode control sequences.

Control Sequence Introducer (CSI)

This escape sequence provides supplementary controls and is itself a prefix
affecting the interpretation of a limited number of contiguous characters. In
the GIGI terminal the CSI is ESC [.
Parameter

(1) A string of zero or more digits which represent a single value. Leading
zeros are ignored. The decimal digits have a range of 0 (060g) to 9 (071g).
(2) The value so represented.
Numeric Parameter (Pn)

A parameter that represents a decimal number, expressed as a string of
ASCII digits.

Selective Parameter (Ps)

A string of characters that selects a subfunction from a specified list of subfunctions. In general, a control sequence with more than one selective parameter causes the same effect as several control sequences, each with one selective parameter. For example, CSI Psa; Psb; Psc F is identical to CSI Psa F
CSI Psb F CSI Psc F.
Parameter String

A string of characters separated by a semicolon (073g).
Default

A function-dependent value that the system assumes when no explicit value,

or a value of 0, is specified.
Final Character

A character whose bit combination terminates an escape or control sequence.

PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

Example 1.

Control sequence prints the display image.
OCTAL REPRESENTATION

SEQUENCE
ESC

ESCAPE

CHARACTER

OF SEQUENCE
#

033

ESCAPE

CHARACTER

043

INTERMEDIATE

CHARACTER

FINAL

FINAL CHARACTER

CHARACTER

067

MA-3681A

Example 2.

Control sequence turns off all character attributes and then

turns on the underscore and blink attributes (SGR).
OCTAL REPRESENTATION

SEQUENCE

OF SEQUENCE

SELECTIVE

)

SELECTIVE

PARAMETERS

DELIMITERS

ESC

[[

;

DELIMITERS

033

133 | 060 073

CSI—I

CSI—]

PARAMETER

STRING

FINAL CHARACTER

0('34

073

065

155

MA-3582

The following alternate sequences accomplish the same function.
Sequence

Octal Representation
of Sequence

ESC[;4;5m
ESC|[ m

033 133 073 064 073 065 155
033 133 155

ESC[4m

033 133 064 155

ESC[5m

033 133 065 155

ESC[0;04;005m

033 133 060 073 060 064 073 060
060 065 155

PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

ANSI Control Functions Summary

The following escape and control sequences are transmitted from the host
computer to the GIGI terminal unless otherwise noted. The control sequences
are listed according to the generic function they perform.
Cursor Movement Commands
Sequence
ESC|[PnA*
ESC [ Pn B*

Function
Cursor up
Cursor down

ESC|[ PnC*
ESC [ Pn D*
ESC|[Pl; Pc Hf

Cursor forward (right)
Cursor backward (left)
Direct cursor addressing

ESC[Pl;Pcf

ESCD
ESCE
ESCM
ESC 7
ESC 8

Index
New line
Reverse index
Save cursor and attributes
Restore cursor and attributes

* Pnis a decimal number expressed as a string of ASCII digits. Multiple parameters
are separated by the semicolon character (073g). If a parameter is omitted or specified as 0, the default parameter value is used. For the cursor movement commands, the default parameter value is 1.

T Pl equals the line number; Pc equals the column number.
Character Attributes
ESC [ Ps; Ps; Ps;...; Psm

Ps is a selective parameter. Multiple parameters are separated by the semicolon character (073g). The parameters execute in order and have the following functions.

Parameter

0 or none

Function

Exit graphic mode and select writing color

(same as SHIFT/PF3)
Half bright (or green)

4
5
7
30
31
32

Underscore on
Blink on
Reverse video on
Black
)
Red
Green

33
34
35

Yellow
Blue

Magenta

Cyan

White

s
colors
writing

PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

Parameter

Function

Black

Red

Green

Yellow

44
45

Blue

Magenta
Cyan

White

screen colors

Any other parameter values are ignored.

Erasing Commands
Sequence
ESC[Kor

Function
From cursor to end of line

ESC|[0K
ESC[1K

From beginning of line to cursor

ESC[2K

Entire line containing cursor

ESC|[ Jor
ESC[01J
ESC|[1J
ESC[2J

From cursor to end of screen
From beginning of screen to cursor
Entire screen

Programmable LEDs
ESC [Ps ; Ps;..Ps q
Ps is a selective parameter. Multiple parameters are separated by the semicolon character (073g). The parameters execute in order and have the follow-

ing functions.
Parameter

Function

0 or none
1

all LEDs off
LED 1 on

LED 2 on

Select Character Sets
Character Set

Sequence
GO

ESC(A

ESC)A

US ASCII
Soft set 1

ESC(B

ESC)B

ESC(0

ESC)0

Soft set 2

ESC (1

Soft set 3

ESC(2

ESC) 1
ESC)2

Enter Graphics Mode
Sequence
ESC Pp

Function

Line Feed (LF)!

Enter and remain in graphics mode until next line
feed character if gpl is selected

Enter and remain in graphics mode until next
escape sequence

PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

Modes
SET-UP parameters are affected by these modes.
To Set

To Reset

SET-UP
Para
Mode Name | Mode

Sequence

ESC[20h | Line Feed

ESC|[20I1*

Line Feed/

|NewLine

Mode

Sequence

New Line

ANSI/VTS52 | ANSI

Cursor Key

| Appl

n/a

ESC[?1h | Cursor

ESC[?11*

SM
RV

Scrolling
Screen

Smooth
Reverse

ESC[?4h | JUMP
ESC|[?5h | Normal

ESC[?41*
ESC[?51*

Auto Wrap-

around
Auto Repeat

On
[On

ESC[?7h | Off
ESC[?8h | Off

ESC[?71*
ESC[?81*

Overstrike

ESC|[ ? 20 h| Off

ESC[?201*

BA
BA
PK

Local BASIC | Local
Host BASIC |Host
Programmed
|Program-

ESC|[ ? 21 h|
ESC|[ ? 22 h|
ESC|? 23 h|

BASIC Off
BASIC Off
Normal

ESC|[? 21 I*
ESC|[?22*
ESC[?231*

Keypad
Auto
Hardcopy

med
On

ESC[ ? 24 h|

Off

ESC[?241*

Keypad

Appl

ESC =

Numeric

ESC >

VTS52

ESC[?2]*

* The last character of the sequence is a lowercase 1 (154g).
Reports

There are three types of reports with the following escape and control sequences.

Cursor Position Report

Invoked by:

ESC[6n

Response is:

ESC[Pl;PcR

Pl equals the line number; Pc equals the column number.
Status Report

Invoked by:
Response is:

ESC[5n
ESC [ 0 n (terminal ok)

What Are You

Invoked by:

ESC[cor ESC[0¢

Response is:

ESC[?5;0cor

ESC[?5¢
(Meaning: I am GIGI terminal.)
Alternately invoked by ESC 7 (not recommended). Response is the same.

PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

Reset
Invoked by:

ESC ¢

Reset executes the reset routine. The SET-UP parameters, BASIC program,
and soft character sets are not destroyed. This is the same as pressing SHIF T
and PF4,

Print Commands
Print display image: ESC # 7 (same as pressing SHIFT and PF 1.)
Print partial image: IESC [ Pn ; Pnlqg
Pn is a numeric parameter; these parameters specify start and stop line numbers inclusive.

Confidence Tests
Generate crosshatch pattern on display: ESC # 8
Perform self-tests: ESC [ 3 ; Pn ; Pn .y

Pn selects the test to be performed as follows.
Test Selected
All power-up tests

DN B

External communications test
Hardcopy communications test
Display pattern test

—

-Pn

Repeat selected tests until failure

Color bar test

Device Control Strings
Sequence

String

ESC P p (host to terminal)
IESC P r (host to terminal)
ESC P key ID code s

ReGIS data to follow
SET-UP data to follow
Auxiliary keypad data to follow
(host to terminal)
Hardcopy data to follow*
String terminator

ESC P q (terminal to printer)
ESC\

* This string is generated by the GIGI terminal and sent to the LA34VA graphics
printer. The GIGI terminal does not process the string.

All device control strings must be terminated with a string terminator.
For example:
ESC P r ... SET-UP data ... ESC \

PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

VT52 Control Functions Summary
Sequence

Function

ESC A

Cursor up

ESCB
ESC C
ESC D
ESCF
ESC G
ESCH
ESCI1
ESCJ
ESC K
ESC YIc*
ESC Zt
ESC =
ESC >
ESC <
ESC |
ESC Pp
ESC \

Cursor down
Cursor right
Cursor left
Select soft character set 1
Select ASCII character set
Cursor to home
Reverse line feed
Erase to end of screen
Erase to end of line
Direct cursor address
Identify
Enter alternate keypad mode
Exit alternate keypad mode
Enter ANSI mode
Dump hardcopy
Enter graphics mode (ReGIS)
Exit graphics mode

* 1 equals line number, ¢ equals column number. Line and column numbers for direct cursor address are single character codes whose values equal the desired number plus 37g. Line and column numbers start at 1

T Response to ESC Z is ESC / Z. This is not recommended; use What Are You
report in ANSI mode.

ReGIS SUMMARY

The following summary of ReGIS commands serves as a quick reference
guide. Refer to the software documentation for more information on any command or command argument. Chapter 9 provides a complete list of all the
software documentation available along with ordering information.
ReGIS Commands (graphics mode only)

Command

S creen

Function

d
[x,y]
[dx.dy]

Screen scroll offset,
quantified to [12,8].

Move this address to

upper left corner.

Scoll screen by this
amount.

(W)

Writing controls.

(E rase)

Clear data and set

(A ddressing [x1,y1] [x2,y2])

Compatibility with

foreground color.

(A ddressing)

other ReGIS devices.

Restore native
addressing.

(Negate 1)

Reverse video.

PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

Command

Function
(N egate 0)

Restore video to normal
mode.

(T ime nnn)

In 60ths (PFO) or 50ths

(H ardcopy [, Y1][,Y2))

(PF1) of a second.
Print hardcopy between
Y coordinates.

(I ntensity

Screen background

intensity/color.
0to7)

Dark to bright.

(D))

dark

(B lue))

(R ed))

(M agenta))

Red + blue.

(G reen))

(C yan))

(Y ellow))
(W hite))

Green + blue.
Red + green.
Red + green + blue.

(H ue

0 to 360))
(L. ightness
0 to 100))

Angle on color wheel.
Percentage.

(S aturation
0 to100))

W rite

(I ntensity

0 to7)

(D))

Percentage.

Writing intensity/color
null; change colors.
Dark to bright.
dark

(B lue))

(R ed))

(M agenta))

Red + blue.

(G reen))

(C yan))

(Y ellow))
(W hite))

Green + blue.

Red + green.
Red + green + blue.

(H ue

0 to 100))

Angle on color wheel.

(L. ightness
0 to 100))

Percentage.

(S aturation
0 to 100))

Percentage.

(A lternate

1)
0)

(S hade from|,Y])
(S hade with “c”)
(S hade

Flashing on.
Flashing off.
Set shading axis.

Set shading character.

Shade on, line pattern

Shade off.

shading.

PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

Command
(M ultiplier nnn)

Function
Pixels per offset
vector.

(N egate

1)
0)

(C omplement)

Negative writing (invert
pattern bits).
Positive writing.
Exclusive OR pattern
with bit map.

(oV erlay)

Logical OR pattern
with bit map.

(K rase)

(R eplace)

Write “negate’ setting.
Replace, ignore bit map
data.

(P attern

bbbbbb)

(Md))

I” osition

Binary bit pattern,
fills to 8 places.
Multiply each bit
pattern.

1)
p)

Solid line.
Digits 2-9 specify
standard patterns.

[X,Y]

Absolute position.

|dx,dy]
d

(W)
(B egin)

Relative position,
d is offset vector,
0-7.
Temporary write
controls.
Begin position
sequence — save

position
(K nd)

V ector

[]
[XY]
|dx,dy]
d

(up to 7 levels).
End and restore
starting position.
Write point at
current cursor position.
Absolute position.
Relative position,
d is offset vector,
0-7.

(W..)
(B egin)

Temporary write
controls.
Begin closed polygon
sequence.

C urve

(E nd)

Draw to starting
position.

[X,Y]

[dx,dy]

Absolute coordinates
Relative coordinates

Offset vectors, 0-7.

PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

Command

Function
(B egin)

(S tart)

Begin closed curve.
Start open curve.

(K nd)

End curve.

(W...)

Temporary writing
controls.

Circle

[X,Y]
[dx,dy]

d
(C ircumference)

Absolute coordinates.
Relative coordinates,
offset vectors, 0—7.
Position is on the
circumference.

(A ngle d)

d = degrees resolution,
signed.

W...)

Temporary writing
controls.

T ext

‘string’

Display ‘string’
(includes BS, CR, LF,

TAB).
“string”

Display “string”
(includes BS, CR, LF,
TAB).
Offset text line by

1/2 character, d =
0-7.

[dx,dy]

Set spacing between
characters.

(A lphabet
0to3)

Select character set 0
to 3.

(B egin)

Begin temporary text
attributes

(D irection d)

d = 45 degrees

(saves 1 level).
resolution, signed.

(E nd)

Restore permanent text
attributes.

(H eight
0 to 16)

Height times base
character size

(affects S[r,c]).
(I talic

-+ degrees)
— degrees)

(M ultiplier [r,c])

Right slant, no. of

degrees.
Left slant, no. of
degrees.
No slant.
No. of times to repeat
bits in character.
([1,2] used for standard
size.)

PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

Function

Command

(S ize [r,c])

Dimensions of character
area. [9,20] is standard
size.)

(S ize
0 to 16)

(W...)

I. oad

(A lphabet
1to3)

Select one of 17
predefined character
sizes.
Temporary writing
controls.

Select character set 1
to 3.

‘name’)

1 to 10 character name
for character set;

“c” <10 hex pairs >
‘¢’ <10 hex pairs >

R eport

letter

see R(L).
Load specific letter
with pattern.
Load specific letter
with pattern.
Invoke macrograph
“letter”.

|1 etter ... @;

Load macrograph
“letter”.
Clear all macrographs.

(L oaded)

Currently loaded
character set name.

(M acrographs
(letter ,...))

(=)

Report contents of

macrograph “letter”.
Report macrograph
space usage.

(P osition
Current position.

)

(I interactive

)

[+dx +dy]))

Enter locator mode.
Arrow increments.

(M acrographs
(letter))

Report contents of
macrograph 1.
Report macrograph space
usage.

Resynchronization
character.

PROGRAMMING SUMMARY

Offset vectors are:

3
4

2
¥

1
0

To initialize ReGIS:

$({A0n0a)yW((wi7a0s0mInOpilm2)T
(@
0a0dos1)P[0,0]

BASIC SUMMARY
The following summary of the BASIC commands serves as a quick reference
guide. Refer to the software documentation for more information on any command or command argument. Chapter 9 provides a complete list of all the
software documentation available along with ordering information.
Commands/Statements
AUTO

CLEAR

CONT

CTRLC

CTRLO

DATA

DEF FN

DELETE

DIM

ECHO

EDIT

END

ERASE

ERL

ERR

ERROR

FOR...NEXT

GOSUB..RETURN

GOTO

HOST

IF..THENJ...ELSE]

IF..GOTO

INPUT

LET

LINPUT

LIST

MID

NEW

NO ECHO

OLD

ON ERROR GO TO

ON...GOSUB

ON...GOTO

OPTION BASE

OouT

RANDOMIZE

RCTRLC

RCTRL

READ

REM

RESTORE

RESUME

RUN

SAVE

STOP

SWAP

TRON/TROFF

WAIT

WHILE... WEND

WIDTH

ABS

ASC

ATN

CHRS$

COS

EXP

FRE

GOFF$%

GONS$
INSTR
LOG
RIGHTS$
SPACES$
STRINGS$

HEXS$
INT
MIDS$
RND
SPC
TAB

INKEYS
LEFT$
OCTS$
SGN
SQR
TAN

INP
LEN
POS
SIN
STRS$

Functions

HARDWARE INTERFACES

COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACE
The terminal operates on full-duplex, asynchronous communications lines.
The physical interfaces are implemented using a 25-pin EIA connector and a
20 mA loop connector.

Baud Rate
You can program the transmit and receive baud rates through the keyboard
by using the SET-UP commands. Specifically, you can set both receive and

transmit baud rates independently to: 110, 300, 600, 1,200, 2,400, 4,800,
9,600, or 19,200 baud.
The terminal (set up for jump scroll) supports text writing speeds up to 300
baud without using the XON/XOFF characters for synchronization.

Character Format
The format of the asynchronous character is bit serial, consisting of a start bit
(always SPACE), seven data bits (MARK equals binary 1, SPACE equals
binary 0) an optional parity bit, and one or two stop bits (always MARK).
The data bits are ASCII coded, and the least significant bit is transmitted or
received first.

You can program the parity bit for odd or even parity. If parity is disabled,
the eighth bit is set to SPACE and no parity checking occurs on input. If
parity is enabled and parity errors are detected, the error character is displayed.
All baud rates have one stop bit per transmitted character, except 110 baud
which has two stop bits per character.

The communication data format outlined here is programmed using SET-UP
commands.
EIA Interface

The basic GIGI terminal operates on full-duplex, asynchronous communication lines. The terminal interfaces to the line with a 25-pin connector
mounted on the back of the terminal. This connector meets the requirements
of EIA Std RS-232-C. Table 8-1 summarizes the EIA connector signals. The
following paragraphs explain how the basic GIGI terminal uses each signal.
Protective Ground - Pin 1

This conductor connects to the terminal system ground via a jumper. The
conductor cannot be used for reference potential purposes.
Transmitted Data (from GIGI terminal) - Pin 2

The GIGI terminal transmits serially encoded characters and break signals
on this circuit. The circuit is held in the mark state when the terminal is not
transmitting characters or break signals.
Received Data (to GIGI terminal) - Pin 3

The GIGI terminal receives serially encoded characters generated by the
user’s equipment on this circuit. The terminal is always ready to accept and
interpret data after power-up, except in local mode.

HARDWARE INTERFACES

Table 8-1

EIA Connector Signals
EIA/CCITT

Description

Circuit

Protective ground

AA/101

Transmitted data

BA/103

Received data

BB/ 104

Request to send

CA/105

(not used)

Data set ready

cC/107

Signal ground*

AB/102

(not used)

Data terminal ready

CD/108.2

(not used)

Common return

Request To Send (from GIGI terminal) - Pin 4

This signal is always asserted (SPACE state) when the terminal is powered
up and in the on-line mode.
Clear To Send (from GIGI terminal) - Pin 5
A circuit exists for this signal, but the signal is ignored at all times.
Data Set Ready (to GIGI terminal) - Pin 6

A receiver exists for this signal, but the signal is ignored at all times.
Signal Ground - Pin 7
This conductor establishes the common ground reference potential for all

voltages on the interface. It connects to the GIGI terminal system ground.
Data Terminal Ready (from GIGI terminal) - Pin 20

The data terminal ready (DTR) signal is always asserted, except under the
following conditions.
1.

When the terminal is not powered up

2.
3.

When the terminal is in local mode
During the 3.5 second interval following the pressing of SHIFT and
BREAK.

HARDWARE INTERFACES

Note: This use of data terminal ready (DTR) signal disconnects local and remote data sets when you press SHIFT and BREAK. It also prevents automat-

ic answering when the terminal is in local mode or powered off. This use of
DTR also causes the line to disconnect when the GIGI terminal switches
from on-line to local mode.
Electrical Characteristics
The electrical characteristics of the EIA interface are as follows.
GIGI Terminal Output Voltages

On all signals “from GIGI terminal”, the mark or unasserted state is —6 V to
—12 V; the space or asserted state is +6 Vto +12 V.

GIGI Terminal Input Voltages

On signals “to GIGI terminal”, —25 V to +0.75 V or an open circuit is interpreted as a mark or unasserted state; and +25 V to +2.25 V is interpreted as
a space or asserted state. Voltages greater than +25 V are not allowed. These

levels are compatible with EIA Std RS-232-C and CCITT Recommendation
V.28.

20 mA Current Loop Interface

The GIGI terminal current loop interface is a passive configuration, that is,

current must be supplied to the GIGI terminal. The transmitter and receiver

are both passive and optically isolated; the transmitter goes to the mark state
when power is turned off.
Electrical Characteristics

The electrical characteristics of the 20 mA current loop interface are as follows.
Transmitter

Min

Max

Open circuit voltage
Voltage drop marking
Spacing current

5V
0V
-

S0V
4V
2 mA

Marking current

20mA

50 mA

Receiver
Voltage drop marking

—

23V

Spacing current

3 mA

Marking current

I15SmA

50 mA

Buffer Overflow Prevention
The GIGI terminal can operate at transmission speeds up to 19,200 baud.
However, the terminal may not be able to keep up with incoming data. The

terminal stores incoming characters in a 253-character buffer and processes
them on a first-in, first-out basis. When the contents of the buffer reaches 100
characters, the terminal transmits XOFF (023g or DC3). On this signal the
host computer should suspend transmission to the terminal. If the host stops
transmitting, the terminal eventually depletes the buffer. When 50 characters

remain in the buffer, the terminal transmits XON (021g or DC1) to signal the

host that it may resume transmission. If the host fails to respond promptly to

HARDWARE INTERFACES

an XOFF signal from the terminal the buffer continues to fill. When the buffer exceeds its 253-character capacity, a buffer overflow occurs. When the
buffer overflows, the GIGI terminal ignores any incoming characters.

The only indication of a buffer overflow is the loss of data on the monitor
screen. The terminal does not display special characters on the screen to indicate a buffer overflow. Use the following formula to determine if the buffer
will overflow.

Response time =

153 X 10 / rec speed — 3 X (trans bits / trans speed)

where:

Rec speed

= GIGI terminal receive speed in bits/second (baud).

Trans bits

Trans speed

= GIGI terminal transmit speed in bits/second (baud).

10, except at 110 baud where it is 11.

Note: The response time is less than 0 only when the receive speed is 19,200
baud and the transmit speed is 110 baud. You should never use this combination.

Example 1. The GIGI terminal is transmitting at 1200 baud and receiving
at 1200 baud. The terminal sends an XOFF signal which the host must respond to within 1.25 seconds to avoid the buffer overflow.

Response time = 153 X (10/1200) — 3 X (10/1200) = 1.25 seconds
Example 2. The GIGI terminal is transmitting at 300 baud and receiving
at 1200 baud. The terminal sends an XOFF signal which the host must respond to within 1.175 seconds to avoid a buffer overflow.

Response time = 153 X (10/1200) — 3 X (10/300) = 1.175 seconds
The XON/XOFF synchronization scheme has an advantage over requiring
the host to insert delays or filler characters in its data stream. Requiring a
minimum of software support, XON/XOFF ensures that every character or
command sent to the GIGI terminal is processed in correct order. This
scheme frees interface programs from all timing considerations and produces
more reliable operation.

Software that does not support XON/XOFF signals from the GIGI terminal
can still use the terminal in text or interactive mode. To do so you must limit
the terminal receive speed to 300 baud in jump scroll mode, or 4800 baud in
wrap scroll or scroll off modes. You can set the receive higher only if you
know the average line length of the data. Table 8-2 shows the maximum
speeds (baud rates) for each scroll mode selection at different line lengths.

Table 8-2

Terminal Receive Speed Limits

(No XON/XOFFSupport)

Scroll

Average Line Length in Characters

Mode

Smooth

600

1200

Jump

300

1200

2400

Wrap/Off

4800

Speeds are expressed as baud rates.

1200

2400

4800

HARDWARE INTERFACES

If you cannot use XON/XOFF, you can use fill characters after certain characters or character strings are sent to the GIGI terminal. Table 8-3 shows the
number of fill characters required for these functions. You can use either the
NUL (000g) or the DEL (177g) as fill characters.

Table 8-3

Fill Character Requirements

Character

Receive Speed

or Sequence

Received

110

300

600

1200 2400 4800 9600 19200

TAB

Text
ED (char)

CAN

El&

DECALN

ED (full)

3
9

9
20

159

21
42

45
86

93
1756

189
353

381
709

XON/XOFF support is required whenever you use the terminal in the following modes.

Auto Hardcopy (AH1)
Graphics mode
BASIC mode (BA1 or BA2)

If the host computer does not support XON/XOFF buffer synchronization,
data will probably be lost. Fill characters and pauses after transmission are
not sufficient due to the varying sequence execution times.
Two terminal functions, reset and self-test, reinitialize the terminal and erase
the buffer. This means characters received after the commands to perform
these two functions are lost without being processed.

To compensate for this, the host computer may act in one of the two following
ways.

Immediately after sending the terminal the commands to perform either
the reset or self-test function, the host may act as if it had received
XOFF from the terminal. Thus the host will not send additional characters until it receives XON. The terminal transmits XON only after it
completes the specified operation and the XON/XOFF feature is enabled.

When the first method cannot be implemented, the host may use a delay
of no less than 10 seconds to allow the terminal time to complete the
invoked function. This method, however, does not guarantee against the
loss of data when an invoked function detects an error; and while this
delay is currently adequate, future options may require a change in the
delay period.

HARDWARE INTERFACES

The GIGI terminal always recognizes received XOFF and XON signals.
Receipt of XOFF inhibits the GIGI terminal from transmitting any codes except XOFF and XON. Up to 253 keystrokes are stored in a keyboard buffer
(some keys transmit two or three codes, e.g., cursor controls). If the keyboard
buffer overflows, keyclicks stop. Transmission resumes upon receipt of XON.
Entering and exiting SET-UP clears all stored keyboard characters and the
keyboard locked condition.

DISPLAY INTERFACE

The display interface provides the circuitry needed to drive one black and
white monitor and one red, green, and blue (RGB) color monitor at the same
time. Four separate BNC connectors are located on the rear of the terminal;
they are labeled as follows.
MONO
RED

GREEN
BLUE

These connectors provide the signals needed to drive both black and white
and color monitors.

Composite Video Port (MONO)
This interface connector drives an external black and white monitor. The output conforms to EIA RS-330 and has the following nominal characteristics.
Output impedance
Sync level
Black level

75 ohms, dc coupled
0.0Vto0.1V
0.3 V £ 10% when terminated with 75
ohms

White level

1.0 V £ 10% when terminated with 75
ohms

Color Monitor Port (RED, GREEN, BLUE)
These interface connectors drive an external RGB color monitor. The RED,
GREEN, and BLUE outputs have the following nominal characteristics.
Output impedance

75 ohms, dc coupled

Red and blue signal outputs
Signal level
1.0V + 10%
Green signal outputs

Signal level

1OV + 10%

Sync level
Black level

00Vt0.1V
03V £ 10%

HARDWARE INTERFACES

Composite Sync Waveform Timing
The composite sync waveform conforms to EIA RS-330 and has the following
nominal characteristics.
Horizontal period
Horizontal sync width
Front porch

Back porch
Active video time
Frame rate
Noninterlaced (ILO)
Interlaced (IL1)
Vertical sync width
Serration during vertical

63.131 us (15.840 KHz)
4.735 us
0.789 to 7.891 us. The exact
timing depends upon the HP
SET-UP feature setting. When
set to HPS the front porch is
3.945 us.
7.891 us minus front porch time
50.505 us
60.00 Hz (PFO0) or 49.97 Hz (PF1)
29.94 Hz (PFO0) or 24.95 Hz (PF1)
189.394 us
none

sync

Vertical blank
Horizontal scans per frame

1.262 ms minimum (PFO0)
4.609 ms minimum (PF1)
264 (PF0 and ILO)
317 (PF1 and ILO)
529 (PF0 and IL1)
635 (PF1 and IL1)

Monitor Selection

The display interfaces to drive a number of commercially standard monitors.
Monitors connected to the GIGI terminal should have the following capabilities.
Video bandwidth
Horizontal flyback time
Vertical flyback time

Line rate
Frame rate

60 Hz or 50 Hz

Aspect ratio

adjustable to 1:1.6

DC restoration

8 MHz minimum
12 pus maximum
1.0 ms maximum (525-line
monitor)
4.3 ms maximum (625-line
monitor)
15.840 KHz

HARDWARE INTERFACES

To present the best possible display, the GIGI terminal contains a number of
SET-UP selectable features to tailor the video output of the terminal to the
monitor. These features are as follows.
Feature
PFO

Function
For 60 Hz, 525-line monitors

PF1
HPO to HP9
HMO to HM9

For 50 Hz, 625-line monitors
For horizontal centering
To horizontally limit the text display area for monitors with overscan
To vertically limit the text display area for monitors

VMO to VM9

with overscan

EM1

For 40 characters per line display text on low resolution monitors

ILO
IL1

For a noninterlaced display to reduce flicker
For an interlaced display on a monitor with a slow
phospher, or for taking monitor screen photographs

HARDCOPY INTERFACE
The terminal has a serial interface port for interfacing to a LA34VA graphics
printer; this allows dumping of bit map information to obtain a hardcopy. A
series-chaining scheme allows more than one GIGI terminal to share a single
graphics printer.
Physical Interface

The interface to an external hardcopy device uses a standard 25-pin female
EIA connector. Table 8-4 lists the pin assignments.

Table 8-4
Pin

Hardcopy Interface Pin Assignments
Signal Name

Protective Ground

Downstream Transmitted Data (DTXD)

Downstream Received Data (DRXD)

4
5

Downstream Request To Send (DRTS)
Downstream Clear to Send (DCTS)

Signal Ground

Upstream Clear To Send (UCTS)

Upstream Transmitted Data (DTXD)

Upstream Received Data (DRXD)

Upstream Request To Send (URTS)

HARDWARE INTERFACES

Electrical Interface

The electrical characteristics of the hardcopy interface are as follows.
GIGI Terminal Output Voltages
On signals generated by the GIGI terminal, the mark or unasserted state is
—6 V to —12 V; the space or asserted state is +6 V to +12 V. These levels

are compatible with EIA Std RS-232-C and CCITT Recommendation V.28.
GIGI Terminal Input Voltages

On signals received by the GIGI terminal, —25 V to +0.75 V or an open
circuit is interpreted as a mark or unasserted state, and +25 V to +2.25 V is
interpreted as a space or asserted state. Voltages greater than +25 V are not
allowed. These levels are compatible with EIA Std RS-232-C and CCITT
Recommendation V.28.
Hardcopy Device Sharing
The GIGI terminal contains the necessary logic for series-chaining to another
GIGI terminal to time share a single hardcopy device. For every serieschained GIGI terminal, a Y-cable (BC26B-01) and a modem cable (BC22B-

x) are needed. Chapter 2 provides instructions on how to connect the terminal
in a series chain.
There is no limitation on the number of GIGI terminals chained to the hardcopy device as long as the maximum cable length between adjacent terminals
is 50 ft. The 50 ft maximum cable length conforms to RS-232-C/CCITT
V.28 interface specifications. In practice the number of GIGI terminals served by a single printer should be limited to 5 terminals because of response
time.
When a GIGI terminal is powered off, all upstream terminals (those farther
away from the hardcopy device) are broken off the chain. The cabling system
allows downstream terminals to bypass the Y-cable on the powered-off terminal and remain in the chain. As a general practice you should disconnect all
powered-off terminals from the chain. This eliminates the possibility of in-

ducing noise pulses in the chain, which may cause an erroneous printout.

ACCESSORIES AND SUPPLIES
FEATURES

DIGITAL offers the following accessories and supplies to complement your
GIGI terminal.
e GIGI Carrying Cases (VK10K-CA)

These cases are specially designed to hold the GIGI terminal and all associated cables. They are constructed of high-density, charcoal brown,
textured plastic and include two chrome-plated latches with locks.
e GIGI Keyboard Overlays

Two types of overlays are available for use with the GIGI terminal.
These overlays are easy-to-install, plastic key covers used to represent
the GIGI terminal’s special function keys or user-defined character sets.

Preprinted keypad overlays cover GIGI’s auxiliary keypad and are used
with the following software packages.
CAI Primer (VK10K-AA)
Graphics Editor (VK10K-AB)
RITE Text Editor (VK10K-AC)

Character Set Editor (VK10K-AD)

Keyboard overlays cover the GIGI terminal’s entire keyboard, including
the auxiliary keypad, and include the following.

Preprinted APL character set overlays (VK10K-BB)
Blank, full keyboard overlays for user-defined

character

(VK10K-BA)

e GIGI Cables and Connectors

BC26M-05
BC26B-01

RGB cable with BNC connectors for

user-supplied monitor

Y-cable for daisy chaining the
LA34VA graphics printer to multiple
GIGI terminals

P/N 7015503-00

20 mA loopback connector

P/N 1215336-00

EIA loopback connector

BC22B-25

EIA extension to second GIGI
terminal from Y-cable (BC26B-01)

BCO5F-15
or
BCO05F-50,A0

20 mA cable with Mate-N-Lok
connectors for connecting GIGI
terminal (with 20 mA option)
directly, to a line unit

BC22A-10
or
BC22A-25

EIA null modem; connects GIGI
terminal directly to a line unit
(6 conductor cable)

BC22B-10

EIA extension to modem (14 conductor

cable)

BC22B-25

sets

ACCESSORIES AND SUPPLIES

In the future, additional options will be available which will further enhance
the basic GIGI terminal. Contact the nearest DIGITAL Sales Office for further information.

RELATED DOCUMENTATION
You can purchase the following GIGI manuals (Table 9-1) from DIGITAL’s
Accessory and Supplies Group. For specific ordering information, see the end
of this chapter.

Table 9-1