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EK-MOL20-SV-B01

May 1993

244 pages

Original

0.8MB

Document:	Medium Optical Disk Library Service Manual
Order Number:	EK-MOL20-SV
Revision:	B01
Pages:	244
Original Filename:

OCR Text

Medium Optical Disk Library
Service Manual
Part Number: EK-MOL20-SV.B01
Revision/Update Information:

Digital Equipment Corporation
Maynard, Massachusetts

This manual supersedes Part Number
EK–MOL20–SV.A01.

First printing, May 1993
Revision, October 1993
The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should not be
construed as a commitment by Digital Equipment Corporation. Digital Equipment Corporation
assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document.
The software described in this document is furnished under a license and may be used or copied
only in accordance with the terms of such license.
Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility for the use or reliability of its software
on equipment that is not supplied by Digital or its affiliated companies.

© Digital Equipment Corporation 1993.
Reproduced with Permission of the Hewlett-Packard Company
The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation: DEC, Digital, VAX,
VAX DOCUMENT, VMS, and the DIGITAL logo.
Torx is a registered trademark of the Camcar Division of Textron.
All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

U.S.A.
This equipment generates, uses, and may emit radio frequency energy. The equipment has
been type tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A computing device pursuant
to Subpart J of Part 15 of FCC Rules, which are designed to provide reasonable protection
against such radio frequency interference. Operation of this equipment in a residential area may
cause interference in which case the user at his own expense will be required to take whatever
measures may be required to correct the interference.

This document was prepared using VAX DOCUMENT, Version 2.1.

Contents
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1 Introduction
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.3.1
1.3.2
1.3.3
1.3.4
1.4
1.4.1
1.4.2
1.5
1.6
1.7

The RW510/RW511/RW530 Optical Disk Library
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Product Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Product Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deskside Configuration (RW510/RW530) . . . . . . . . . . .
The Horizontal Rackmount Configuration (RW511) . . .
The Optical Drive Mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Magneto-Optical Disks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SCSI Interface Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Single-ended SCSI Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Differential SCSI Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Product Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Related Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1–1
1–1
1–2
1–3
1–3
1–7
1–7
1–8
1–8
1–9
1–9
1–10
1–17

2 Environmental/Installation/PM
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.6.1
2.6.2
2.6.3
2.6.4
2.6.5

Environmental Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating Temperature/Clearance Requirements . . . . . . . .
Location Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Primary Power/External Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unpacking Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents of Shipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installing Optical Library Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Remove the Shipping Bracket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Attach SCSI Cable, SCSI Terminator, and Power
Cord . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Uninterruptible Power Supply Installation . . . . . . . . .

2–1
2–1
2–1
2–2
2–2
2–2
2–3
2–3
2–6
2–7
2–9

iii

2.7
2.8
2.8.1
2.8.2
2.8.3
2.9

Hardware Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Moving the Optical Disk Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Moving the Optical Disk Library a Short Distance . . .
Moving the Optical Disk Library a Long Distance . . . .
Attaching the Shipping Bracket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Preventative Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2–9
2–10
2–10
2–11
2–13
2–13

3 Product Configuration and Operation
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.3.1
3.3.2
3.3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6

Front Panel and Control Panel Operations . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rear Panel Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Setting a Configuration (READY) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Setting a Security Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Restricting Disk Insertion and Removal . . . . . . . . . . .
Setting CONF 15 or CONF 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Setting the Disk Library Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Host Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Autochanger Configuration Choices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3–1
3–5
3–7
3–8
3–9
3–9
3–10
3–11
3–12

4 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.3.1
4.4
4.5
4.5.1
4.5.2
4.5.3
4.5.4
4.6
4.6.1
4.6.2
4.7
4.8
4.8.1
4.8.2
4.9
4.9.1
4.10

Operation/Installation Error Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power-on Self-tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Optical Disk Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cleaning Tools Available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using the Eject Tool to Remove a Disk from the Drive . . .
Troubleshooting Using the Control Panel and Observation
..............................................
The Autochanger Lists the First "Possibles" . . . . . . . .
How to Use the Results of the Internal Tests . . . . . . . .
The FRU Isolation Test Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information Logs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Recovery from Hardware Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hardware Error Codes and Recovery Procedures . . . . .
Additional Explanation of Some Hardware Error
Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Error Information through SCSI Commands . . . . . . . . . .
Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Offline Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Internal Diagnostic Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diagnostic Test Command Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electronic Core Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The FIND HOME Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4–2
4–6
4–8
4–9
4–9
4–10
4–11
4–13
4–15
4–16
4–17
4–17
4–29
4–31
4–32
4–32
4–32
4–33
4–38
4–41

4.11
4.12

Micro-Move Reference Table for Viewing FIND HOME
Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information Logs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4–46
4–51

5 Removal and Replacement
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.4.1
5.4.2
5.4.3
5.4.4
5.4.5
5.4.6
5.4.7
5.4.8
5.4.9
5.4.10
5.4.11
5.4.12
5.4.13
5.4.14
5.4.15
5.4.16
5.4.17
5.5
5.5.1
5.5.2
5.6
5.6.1
5.6.2

Field-Replaceable Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ESD Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tools Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Assembly/Disassembly Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Service Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deskside option—Removing the Cabinet, Rear Cover,
and Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rackmount option—Accessing the Autochanger
Chassis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rackmount option—Removing the Front Panel . . . . . .
Deskside and Rackmount Electronics and Mechanism
Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removing the Power Supply Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removing the Autochanger Controller PCA . . . . . . . . .
Removing the SCSI Repeater PCA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removing/Replacing the MO Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removing the Carriage/Picker Assembly . . . . . . . . . . .
Removing the Carriage Motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removing the Carriage Leadscrew . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removing the Picker Motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removing the Leadscrew-side Carriage Way (rail) . . . .
Removing the Mailslot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removing the Power Supply Fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removing the Interconnect PCA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Re-initializing Autochanger Controller PCA RAM After
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Variables set by Configuration 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Variables set by Configuration 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Replaceable Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Recommended Service Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5–1
5–2
5–2
5–3
5–3
5–4
5–7
5–9
5–11
5–13
5–15
5–19
5–20
5–25
5–31
5–32
5–33
5–36
5–38
5–39
5–40
5–42
5–42
5–43
5–44
5–44
5–44

6 Theory of Operation
6.1
The Autochanger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.1.1
Movements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.2
The Autochanger Mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.3
The Controller PCA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.4
The Power Supply Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.4.1
The AC PCA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.4.2
The DC PCA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.4.3
Power Supply Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.5
The Multifunction Magneto-Optical Drives . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.5.1
Controller PCA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.5.1.1
SCSI Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.5.1.2
Data Buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.5.1.3
Formatter/Sequencer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.5.2
Servo PCA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.5.2.1
DSP Microprocessor and Support/Servo Control
Loops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.5.2.2
Read and Write Channel Electronics . . . . . . . . . . .
6.5.3
Mechanism Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.5.3.1
Loader Mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.5.3.2
Optical Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.6
Optical Disk Layout and Error Correction . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.6.1
Disk Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.6.2
Optical Disk Layout—650-Mbyte Capacity . . . . . . . . . .
6.6.3
User Zone Layout—650-Mbyte Capacity . . . . . . . . . . .
6.6.4
Optical Disk Layout—1.3-Gbyte Capacity . . . . . . . . . .
6.6.5
User Zone Layout—1.3-Gbyte Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.6.6
Drive Defect Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.6.7
Slip Sparing Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.6.8
Replacement Sparing Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.6.9
Error Thresholds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.7
Error Detection and Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.7.1
Error Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.7.2
Error Recovery Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.7.3
SCSI Detected Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.7.4
Move Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.7.5
Hardware Error Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.7.6
Real Time Event Logging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.8
The SCSI Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.8.1
SCSI Command Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6–1
6–1
6–4
6–4
6–6
6–7
6–9
6–11
6–12
6–13
6–13
6–13
6–13
6–13
6–13
6–14
6–14
6–14
6–14
6–15
6–15
6–15
6–16
6–18
6–18
6–22
6–24
6–24
6–25
6–26
6–27
6–28
6–28
6–29
6–30
6–30
6–31
6–32

A Offline Diagnostic Information
A.1
A.2
A.3
A.4

System Error Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Autochanger Error Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Drive SCSI-2 Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Offline Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A–1
A–3
A–13
A–27

B Basic Supplies and Reorderable Parts
B.1

Basic Supplies and Reorderable Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

B–1

C Connecting Multiple Optical Libraries
C.1
C.2
C.2.1

Connecting Two Optical Library Units to Two SCSI
Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Connecting Two Optical Library Units to One SCSI
Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Resetting Controller and Drive SCSI Addresses . . . . .

C–1
C–2
C–4

Index
Figures
1–1
1–2
2–1
2–2
2–3
2–4
3–1
3–2
3–3
3–4
4–1
4–2
4–3
4–4

Deskside Optical Library Components
(RW510/RW530) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rackmount Optical Library Components (RW511) . . . .
Uncrating the Optical Library (RW510/RW530) . . . . . .
Removing the Shipping Bracket (Deskside Unit
RW510/RW530) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Attaching the SCSI Cable and Power Cord to the
Deskside Unit (RW510/RW530) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Attaching the Shipping Bracket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deskside Configuration Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rackmount Configuration Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deskside Optical Disk Library Rear Panel . . . . . . . . . .
Rackmount Optical Disk Library Rear Panel . . . . . . . .
Information and Tests Through the Control Panel . . . .
The Autochanger Returns Suspect FRUs . . . . . . . . . . .
How Service Views the Suspect FRUs . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Information and Tests Through the SCSI Bus . . . . . . .

1–5
1–6
2–4
2–6
2–8
2–12
3–2
3–3
3–5
3–6
4–11
4–12
4–14
4–31

vii

4–5
5–1
5–2
5–3
5–4
5–5
5–6
5–7
5–8
5–9
5–10
5–11
5–12
5–13
5–14
5–15
5–16
5–17
5–18
5–19
5–20
5–21
5–22
5–23
5–24
5–25
5–26
5–27
5–28
5–29
5–30
5–31
viii

The "FIND HOME" Sequence (deskside orientation
shown) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Service Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removing the Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removing the Slide Handle Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unlocking the Slide Assembly (Right Side) . . . . . . . . .
Front Panel Mounting Screws (Rackmount Option) . . .
The Rear Access Panel and Power Supply . . . . . . . . . .
The Large and Small Chassis Access Panels . . . . . . . .
Rotating the Power Supply Module out of the
Chassis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removing the Autochanger Controller PCA . . . . . . . . .
Dip Switch Locations on the Autochanger Controller
PCA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Autochanger Controller PCA Cable Connections . . . . .
Removing the SCSI Repeater PCA Mounting Plate . . .
Removing the Drive Power, SCSI and Interface Cables
from the MO Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Optical Sensor Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removing the MO Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Drive Mounting Holes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Separating the Carriage from the Carriage Bracket . .
Releasing Picker Belt Tension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Releasing the Translate Latch (seen from drive side of
picker) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Releasing the Picker for Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removing the Carriage Assembly and Picker as a Unit
...........................................
Picker Belt Threading Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removing the Carriage Motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removing the Carriage Leadscrew Assembly . . . . . . . .
Picker Motor Mounting Screws and Drive Belt . . . . . .
Picker Motor Mounting Screws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removing the Leadscrew - side Carriage Way (rail) . . .
Removing the Mailslot Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rotating the Power Supply Out to Access the Fan . . . .
The Interconnect PCA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Replacement Parts - View 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4–42
5–5
5–6
5–7
5–8
5–9
5–10
5–12
5–14
5–15
5–16
5–18
5–19
5–21
5–22
5–23
5–24
5–25
5–26
5–27
5–28
5–28
5–30
5–31
5–32
5–33
5–34
5–36
5–38
5–39
5–41
5–48

5–32
5–33
6–1
6–2
6–3
6–4
6–5
6–6
6–7
6–8
6–9
6–10
6–11
A–1
A–2
A–3
A–4
C–1

Replacement Parts - View 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Replacement Parts - View 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SCSI Command Translation for Autochanger
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Autochanger Controller PCA Block Diagram . . . . . . . .
Overall Diagram of the Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The AC PCA in the Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The DC PCA in the Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Functional Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Optical Disk Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
User Zone Layout for 650-Mbyte Media . . . . . . . . . . . .
User Zone Layout for 1.3-Gbyte Media, g=1 . . . . . . . . .
User Zone Layout for 1.3-Gbyte,g=16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Error Detection and Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
System Error Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jukebox Request Sense Data Parameter Block
Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jukebox Request Sense—Additional Sense Data . . . . .
Drive Request Sense Data Parameter Format . . . . . . .
Connecting Two Deskside Optical Library Units
(RW510/RW530) to One SCSI Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5–49
5–50
6–2
6–5
6–7
6–8
6–10
6–12
6–16
6–17
6–19
6–20
6–26
A–2
A–3
A–5
A–14
C–3

Tables
1
1–1
1–2
1–3
1–4
1–5
1–6
1–7
1–8
1–9
2–1
2–2

Conventions Used in This Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
RW510/RW511/RW530 Deskside and Rackmount
Optical Disk Library Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Disk Library Products Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Optical Disk Library System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
RW510/RW511/RW530 Environmental
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
RW510/RW511/RW530 Physical Characteristics . . . . . .
RW510/RW511/RW530 Service Characteristics . . . . . . .
RW510/RW511/RW530 Product Certifications . . . . . . .
Related Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pass Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Acceptable Voltage/Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
UPS Power Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

xii
1–3
1–9
1–11
1–13
1–15
1–15
1–16
1–17
1–18
2–2
2–9
ix

3–1
3–2
3–3
4–1
4–2
4–3
4–4
4–5
4–6
5–1
5–2
5–3
5–4
5–5
6–1
6–2
6–3
6–4
6–5
6–6
6–7
A–1
A–2
A–3
A–4
A–5

Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rear Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Autochanger Configuration Choices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hardware Error Codes and Recovery Procedures . . . . .
Sequence Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exerciser Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electronic Core Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
RW510/RW511/RW530 Micro-Move ID Table . . . . . . . .
Information Logs (INFO Logs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S2 Switch Settings, Autochanger Controller PCA . . . .
Termpower Settings (S2 Switch, positions 5,6,7) . . . . .
Exchange Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Non-Exchange Assemblies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exchange Assemblies for Model 20, Storage
Server/Ninja . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Input Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Values for n and m for 1.3-Gbyte with g=16 (1024
media) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Physical Revolution to Logical Track Layout . . . . . . . .
Error Thresholds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Group 0 Commands (6-byte command) . . . . . . . . . . . .
Group 1 and 2 Commands (10-byte command) . . . . . . .
Group 5 Commands (12-byte command) . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sense Key and Additional Sense Length Values . . . . .
Autochanger Move Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Autochanger Micro-Move Error Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Drive Request Sense - Additional Sense Code
Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
HP-Specific Drive Error Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3–3
3–7
3–12
4–18
4–34
4–36
4–38
4–46
4–51
5–16
5–17
5–44
5–45
5–47
6–11
6–21
6–21
6–26
6–32
6–33
6–35
A–4
A–9
A–11
A–16
A–19

Preface
This manual assumes you are familiar with computer terms. It is divided into
six chapters and three appendixes and is organized to allow you to quickly find
the information that you need.
Here’s what you’ll find in this manual:
•

Chapter 1 provides an introduction that lists the features and components,
product configurations, and the characteristics of the drive mechanism and
the disks for the RW510/RW511/RW530 Optical Library.

•

Chapter 2 provides environmental, installation and preventive maintenance information on the RW510/RW511/RW530 Optical library.

•

Chapter 3 provides configuration and operating information on the RW510
/RW511/RW530 Optical Library.

•

Chapter 4 provides troubleshooting and diagnostics information on the
RW510/RW511/RW530 Optical Library.

•

Chapter 5 provides removal and replacement procedures for the fieldreplaceable assemblies in the RW510/RW511/RW530 Optical Library.

•

Chapter 6 provides theory of operation information on the RW510/RW511
/RW530 Optical Library.

•

Appendix A provides a VAX system error report sample, SCSI-2 Reference,
and offline diagnostic information.

•

Appendix B provides a list of basic supplies and reorderable parts.

Conventions Used in This Guide
Table 1 Conventions Used in This Guide

xii

Convention

Use

Italics

Italic text is used for titles of manuals and other publications.

Monospace type

Anything that is displayed on the control panel of the
Optical Library is set in monospace type like this.

Boldface type

Anything that you are asked to type is set in boldface
type like this.

Keys

Keys indicate the key to press on the control panel of the
Optical Library.

Note

A note calls attention to information which is helpful in
understanding the operation of the product.

CAUTION

Caution notes provide information that protects your Optical
Library from being damaged.

WARNING

Warning notes provide information that protects you from being
harmed.

1
Introduction

1.1 The RW510/RW511/RW530 Optical Disk Library
Overview
The RW510/RW511/RW530 are optical disk libraries that contain two
multifunction optical drives. The RW510 and the RW530 are the deskside
versions. The RW511 is the horizontal rackmount version. Both the RW510/511
have storage slots for 32, 5.25-inch optical disks for a total storage capacity of
20.8 Gbytes. The RW530 also has 32 storage slots, but a storage capacity of 41.6
Gbytes. Rewritable and write-once optical disks can be used, and they must be
512 bytes per sector format.
The main difference between the the RW510 and the RW530 library versions is
their storage capacity. The RW530 has approximately twice the storage capacity
of the RW510/511. This added capacity is due to a difference in the optical drives
contained in the libraries. The RW530 contains a 1.3 Gbyte drive, an enhanced
version of the 650 Mbyte drive that is used in the RW510/511 version libraries.
The 1.3 Gbyte drive supports the use of 1.2 Gbyte disks as well as the 594 Mbyte
disks that are supported for use with 650 Mbyte drives. Other than the added
support of 1.2 Gbyte disks, the RW530 libraries are mechanically, electrically, and
operationally the same as the RW510/511 libraries, and both versions support the
SCSI-2 command set.

1.2 Product Features
The RW510/RW511/RW530 Optical Disk Libraries, regardless of their capacity,
have the following features and meet the following specifications:
•

direct online access to data

•

high reliability and data security when using Digital-supplied rewritable and
write-once 5.25-inch optical disks

•

multifunction capability (write-once and rewritable technologies)
Introduction 1–1

•

Digital 594-Mbyte rewritable optical disks are Continuous Composite (CC)
format, conform to ISO/IEC 10089A; ANSI X3.212-199x and 1.2 Gbyte optical
disks meet ECMA 184 standard for CC format. Digital 594-Mbyte write-once
disks are Continuous Composite Write-Once format (CCW) and conform to
ISO/IEC DIS 11560; ANSI X3.220-199x and 1.2 Gbyte optical disks meet
ECMA 184 standard for CCW format.

•

data security through the ability to "lock" the autochanger (prevent disk
removal)

•

high autochanger reliability through a design that eliminates the motors,
cables, and sensors from the delivery mechanism

•

either single-ended asynchronous SCSI-2 or differential asynchronous SCSI-2
bus interface to the host

•

autochanger reliability of 1,200,000 MSBF (Mean Swaps Between Failure)

•

a seven-second average disk exchange time (excluding the drive load/unload
sequence)

•

modular replacement of all major assemblies

•

full read and write data caching to optimize system performance

1.3 Product Configurations
The RW510/RW511/RW530 Optical Disk Libraries have the following product
configurations:
•

An autochanger mechanism that moves disks within the cabinet

•

2, 5.25-inch multifunction optical disk drives

•

1 mailslot used to insert and remove disks

•

32 Storage slots for optical disks

•

20.8 Gbytes maximum total storage capacity when all slots are full (based on
512 bytes/sector formatted disks) in a jukebox with 650 Mbyte multifunction
drives or 41.6 Gbytes in a jukebox with 1.3 Gbyte drives.

•

A SCSI Interface (may be either single-ended or differential)
Note
Each magazine has eight storage slots providing space for 16 optical
cartridges. Each slot holds one 594-Mbyte cartridge formatted,
297 Mbytes/side or one 1.2-Gbyte cartridge formatted, 600 Mbytes/side).

1–2 Introduction

The RW510/RW511/RW530 is available in either a desk side orientation or a
horizontal rackmountable orientation. In addition, the disk library may have
either a single-ended or a differential SCSI interface. Explanations of the
different product configurations are given below. Refer to Table 1–2 for related
product option numbers.

1.3.1 Deskside Configuration (RW510/RW530)
The deskside configuration is one autochanger contained in its own cabinet. This
cabinet must be removed when servicing the optical library. The control panel
display assembly and the front panel assembly accommodate the width ofthe
deskside autochanger.

1.3.2 The Horizontal Rackmount Configuration (RW511)
The horizontal rackmount configuration enables up to two optical disk libraries
to be mounted in a standard 1-meter (19-inch) cabinet. The control panel
display assembly and the front panel assembly accomodate the length of the
rackmountable autochanger. The Deskside and Rackmount Optical Disk Library
Components are listed in Table 1–1.
Table 1–1 RW510/RW511/RW530 Deskside and Rackmount Optical Disk Library
Components
Item Component

Description

Disk Drives

The disk library contains two optical disk drives for read/write
data transfer. Each drive requires a unique SCSI address. When
you face the front panel of the deskside version, drive 1 is located
on the right side and drive 2 is on the left. When you face the
front panel of the rackmount version, drive 1 is located on the
top and drive 2 is on the bottom. (Figure 1–1 and Figure 1–2)

Magazines

The disk library contains four magazines. Each magazine has
eight storage slots for a total of 32 optical disk storage slots.

Mailslot

The mailslot is used to insert and remove optical disks from the
disk library system.

Front Panel

The front panel includes a control panel used to manage
and display autochanger functions, and a mailslot to insert
and remove disks. Control panel features are described in
Section 3.1.
(continued on next page)

Introduction 1–3

Table 1–1 (Cont.) RW510/RW511/RW530 Deskside and Rackmount Optical Disk
Library Components
Item Component

Description

The rear panel includes SCSI, UPS, and power cord connections.

Rear Panel

Instructions for setting the address select switches are given in
Section 3.4.
Instructions for connecting a deskside or rackmount version of
the autochanger to a host computer are found in Chapter 2.
6

Rails and
Carriage

The rails and carriage support the picker for its movement
within the disk library system.

Picker

The picker rotates, flips, and transports disks to and from storage
slots, drives, and the mailslot.

1–4 Introduction

Figure 1–1 Deskside Optical Library Components (RW510/RW530)

6 Carriage
and Rails

5 Rear Panel

7 Picker

4 Front
Panel

3 Mailslot
2 Storage
Slots

1 Disk
Drives

ZS-0505-MH

Introduction 1–5

Figure 1–2 Rackmount Optical Library Components (RW511)

1 Disk
Drives

5 Rear
Panel

2 Storage
Slots

4 Front
Panel

6 Carriage
and Rails

7 Picker

3 Mailslot
ZS-0506-MH

1–6 Introduction

1.3.3 The Optical Drive Mechanism
The optical drive mechanism is a multifunction drive and, therefore, operates
in both rewritable and write-once modes. The drive uses both rewritable and
write-once 5.25-inch magneto-optical disks that comply with ANSI and ISO
standards for Continuous Composite format. The drive senses the disk type and
automatically operates in either rewritable or write-once mode.
The drive has a 3600 rpm rotational speed and can achieve a maximum sustained
write transfer rate of 0.5 to 0.8 Mbytes per second and a maximum sustained
read transfer rate of 1- to 1.6-Mbyte per second depending on the media and drive

capacity. The error rate is less than one block in error per 14 bytes.
Immediate response mode and write caching are used by the drive mechanism
to achieve its high write performance. However, if a power failure occurs while
write data is in the buffer, the drive may not have enough power to complete
the write operation and empty the buffer. Therefore we recommend that an
uninterruptable power supply (UPS) be used with battery backup to ensure that
no data is lost if a power failure occurs.

1.3.4 Magneto-Optical Disks
Magneto-Optical (MO) disks are more durable, more reliable, removable, and cost
far less per megabyte than magnetic disks. MO disks are made of the same kind
of plastic used in bullet-proof windows. Data can be read through fingerprints
and minor scratches. MO disks can withstand x-rays, magnetic interference, and
can be dropped from desk height without damage.
Magneto-Optical disks store data on a magnetic layer in the form of magnetic
flux reversals rather than on a pitted surface used in other optical technologies.
Because surfaces of the MO disk are not physically changed, they can be written
to and erased repeatedly with no measurable data degradation. Optical disks
have an archival life of thirty years based on accelerated life tests for data
retention.
The disk is mounted in a rigid plastic case with a metal shutter, similar to a
3.5-inch magnetic flexible disk. Each optical disk holds 594-Mbytes or 1.2-Gbytes
of data when 512 bytes per sector disks are used. (Check the host system
documentation to determine which disk format is supported.) The MO disk has
two recording sides. To access the second side, the cartridge must be ejected,
turned over, and reinserted into the drive.
There are two types of magneto-optical disks: rewritable optical disks and writeonce optical disks. (Check the host system documentation to determine which
disk type(s) are supported.) The two disk types can be differentiated by the words
"rewritable" or "write-once" printed on the disk’s metal shutter.

Introduction 1–7

For data safety, you can independently write-protect each side of the disk by
setting the write-protect tab on the corner of the cartridge.

1.4 SCSI Interface Options
The optical disk library connects to the host system through a Small Computer
Systems Interface (SCSI). This interface conforms to SCSI standards ANSI
X3.131-SCSI-2.
Usually each SCSI-connect peripheral requires one SCSI address. With the disk
library, however, there are three unique SCSI interface addresses—one SCSI
address for the autochanger controller and one for each drive contained in the
disk library.
The autochanger controller and the host operating system manage communication
through the SCSI bus to each drive’s unique SCSI address.
Even though the disk library can have either a single-ended or a differential SCSI
interface, only single-ended signals are used within the library. The library comes
standard with a single-ended interface, and a differential interface is orderable at
a later date as an option by distributors. To determine which option is installed,
locate the SCSI connectors on the lower rear panel of the optical disk library. If
the SCSI connectors are not labeled, the interface is single-ended SCSI; if the
connectors are labeled "Differential,"the interface is differential SCSI.
Although both interface types use the same SCSI cables, different terminators
are required. Also, the allowable external cable lengths differ as follows:
•

single-ended SCSI interface - up to 6 meters of total cable length is allowed

•

differential SCSI interface - up to 15 meters of total cable length is allowed

1.4.1 Single-ended SCSI Interface
This option specifies a single-ended SCSI repeater PCA. This PCA enables the
optical disk library to be connected to an external single-ended SCSI bus and
also provides one other function; bus buffering. Bus buffering makes the library’s
internal SCSI bus length effectively zero and allows the use of the maximum
single-ended SCSI external bus length of 6 meters for connection to the host
system. (Actual library-to-host distance depends on whether there are any other
SCSI devices on this bus).

1–8 Introduction

1.4.2 Differential SCSI Interface
This option specifies a differential SCSI repeater PCA. This PCA enables the
library to be connected to an external differential SCSI bus. The differential
SCSI repeater PCA uses the equivalent of 10 meters of SCSI cable internally,
so the allowable external cable length is limited to 15 meters, instead of the 5
meters usually allowed on a differential SCSI bus.
Note
With either type of SCSI interface, an internal cable length of 1.44 meters
must be included in the total cable length calculation.

1.5 Product Matrix
The following products are discussed in this manual. To determine which product
you have, find the product information labels located on the disk library rear
panel and check the corresponding information on the following table.
Table 1–2 Disk Library Products Matrix
Product No.
/Options

Description

HP Designation

RW510-ZC

A 20 gigabyte Optical Jukebox with a
32 disk slot capacity, one mail slot, two
650-Mbyte multifunction drives, one auto
changer mechanism. Floor stand model.
Includes packaging, skid, ESD bag, and
accessory kit. Single ended SCSI.

Model 20C (C1710C)

RW511-ZC

A 20 gigabyte (Rackmount) Optical
Jukebox with a 32 disk slot capacity, one
mail slot, two 650-Mbyte multifunction
drives, one auto changer mechanism.
Includes packaging, skid, ESD bag, and
accessory kit. Single ended SCSI.

Model 20C (C1710C)

(continued on next page)

Introduction 1–9

Table 1–2 (Cont.) Disk Library Products Matrix
Product No.
/Options

Description

HP Designation

RW530-ZC

A 41 gigabyte Optical Jukebox with a
32 storage slot capacity, one mail slot,
two 1.3 Gbyte multifunction drives, one
auto changer mechanism. Floor stand
model. Plus packaging, skid, ESD bag,
and accessory kit. Single-ended SCSI.

Model 40T (C1710T)

RW530-UB

Converts 650-Mbyte multifunction drives
to 1.3-Gbyte multifunction drives in
a RW510 jukebox. Consists of two
(1.3-Gbyte) drives and an installation
guide.

1.6 Specifications
This section provides:
•

Performance Specifications

•

Physical Characteristics

•

Environmental Specifications

•

Power Requirements

•

Service Characteristics

•

Product Certification

1–10 Introduction

Table 1–3 Optical Disk Library System
Optical Disk Library System
Capacity

32 disks
20.8 Gbytes (RW510/RW511)
or 41.6 Gbytes (RW530)

Drives

2 standard, 5.25-inch
multifunction 650-Mbyte
(RW510/RW511) or 1.3-Gbyte
(RW530) optical disk drives

Average disk exchange time
(excluding drive load/unload
sequences)

7 seconds

Interface

Single-ended asynchronous
SCSI
Differential SCSI

Multifunction Optical Drive

650 Mbytes

1.3 Gbytes

Formatted capacity
512 byte sectors

594 MB

1.2 GB

Short Stroke
(across 2.2 Mbytes)

8 ms

4 ms

Average

25 ms

23.5 ms

Full Stroke

50 ms

45 ms

Average Rotational Delay

8.33 ms

12.5 ms

Average load (including
spin-up)/unload sequence
(including spin-down)

2.5/2.0

2.3/1.4

Seek Times

(continued on next page)

Introduction 1–11

Table 1–3 (Cont.) Optical Disk Library System
Multifunction Optical Drive

650 Mbytes

1.3 Gbytes

Reads (maximum sustained)

1.0 MB/second

.8-1.6 MB/second

Writes (maximum sustained)

0.5 MB/second

.4-.8 MB/second

Burst (SCSI interface)

5 MB/second (synchronous)

3 MB/second (asynchronous)

RW510/RW511/RW530
Physical Characteristics

Rewritable

Write-once

Disk

5.25 in. diameter (130 mm)

5.25 in. diameter (130
mm)

Capacity (512-byte sectors)
(1x)2

594 Mbytes (formatted)

Capacity (512-byte sectors)
(2x)3

1.2 Gbytes (formatted)

Format (1x)

Continuous Composite (CC)
(ISO/IEC 10089)

CCW (ISO/IEC 11560)

Format (2x)

Continuous Composite (CC)
(ISO/IEC 10089), ECMA 184
standard for CC format

CCW (ISO/IEC 13549),
ECMA 184 standard for
CCW format

Bytes per sector (1x)

512 (medium dependent)

Bytes per sector (2x)

512 (medium dependent)

Sectors per track (1x)

31 (medium dependent)

Sectors per track (2x)

31 (medium dependent)

Physical tracks per side (1x)

18751

Physical tracks per side (2x)

21600

Physical tracks per inch (1x)

15875

Physical tracks per inch (2x)

18273

Data Transfer Rate1

1 System and application software dependent
2 In this table, 1x refers to 594-Mbyte.
3 In this table, 2x refers to 1.2-Gbyte.

(continued on next page)

1–12 Introduction

Table 1–3 (Cont.) Optical Disk Library System
RW510/RW511/RW530
Physical Characteristics

Rewritable

Write-once

Error Rate (1x)

Less
than 1 block in error per
 14
bytes

Less than1 block in
error per 14 bytes

Error Rate (2x)

Less
than 1 block in error per
 14
bytes

Less than1 block in
error per 14 bytes

Security

Write protect tab (1 per side)

Write protect tab (1 per
side)

Medium archival life

30 years

RW510/RW511/RW530 Power Requirements
Line Voltage

100-127 Vac or 200-240 Vac

Line Frequency

50-60 Hz

Power Consumption

(per library)

Maximum

200 Watts

Typical

175 Watts

Table 1–4 RW510/RW511/RW530 Environmental Specifications
Autochanger

Drives

Media

Operating

10° to 40°C

5° to 50°C

10° to 60°C

Non-operating

-30° to 60°C

-40° to 70°C

-10° to 50°C

Temperature gradient
(operating)

10°C per hour

Temperature

Transportation

-10° to 55°C

Humidity
(non-condensing)
Operating

10 to 90%

5 to 90%

10 to 80%

Non-operating

5 to 95%

10 to 90%
(continued on next page)

Introduction 1–13

Table 1–4 (Cont.) RW510/RW511/RW530 Environmental Specifications

Maximum wet bulb

Autochanger

Drives

Media

29°C

Relative Humidity
gradient (operating)

10% per hour

Transportation

5 to 90%

Shock
(non-operating)
End-use, handling

10.2 cm tilt drop
test, 4 edges

Transportation
(30 G trapezoidal)

427 cm/s

Operating, no data loss

760 mm drop (to 2
mm vinyl-covered
concrete)
742 cm/s
40 G @3 ms
(half-sine)

Vibration
(5-500 Hz Range)
Operating

0.21 G rms

0.5 G rms

Random

2.1 G rms

3 G rms

Swept Sine

1 G 0-peak

0.75 G 0-peak

Operating

4,572 m (15,000 ft)

7620 m (25,000
ft.)

Non-operating

15,240 m (50,000
ft)

15,300 m
(50,000 ft.)

4.4 Bels

4.7 Bels

>0.21 G rms

Non-operating

Altitude

Acoustic Emissions
(A-weighted sound
power)
Power on, standby

(continued on next page)

1–14 Introduction

Table 1–4 (Cont.) RW510/RW511/RW530 Environmental Specifications

Operating

Autochanger

Drives

6.7 Bels

6.15 Bels

Media

Table 1–5 RW510/RW511/RW530 Physical Characteristics
Deskside Option

Rackmount Option

2nd Library (for 1.0 m
Cabinet)

Height

715 mm (28.1 in.)

1000 mm (39.4 in.)

400 mm (15.8 in.)

Width

375 mm (14.6 in.)

600 mm (23.6 in.)

450 mm (17.7 in.)

Depth

790 mm (31.0 in.)

800 mm (31.5 in.)

760 mm (29.9 in.)

Net with disks

96 kg (211 lb)

175 kg (385 lb)

64 kg (144 lb)

Net without disks

88 kg (195 lb)

167 kg (369 lb)

58 kg (128 lb)

With disks

124 kg (274 lb)

188 kg (415 lb)

93 kg (206 lb)

Without disks

117 kg (258 lb)

181 kg (399 lb)

86 kg (190 lb)

Dimensions:

Weight:

Shipping Weight:

Table 1–6 RW510/RW511/RW530 Service Characteristics
Characteristic

Specification

Mean time between failure

100,000 power-on hours

Mean swaps between failure

1,200,000

Mean time to repair

1 hour

Preventive maintenance

none required

Introduction 1–15

Table 1–7 RW510/RW511/RW530 Product Certifications
Parameter

Description

Safety:

UL 1950 (RW510/RW511/RW530-ZC listed; Optical Library
recognized component)
CSA-C22.2 No. 950-M89
IEC 950
TUV approved to VDE 0805 (EN 60950)

Electromagnetic
Emissions
Compatibility:

FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Subpart J - Class A
EN 55022/CISPR 22 Class A
pr EN 55024-2/IEC 801-2, 3kV CD,8 kV AD
pr EN 55024-3/IEC 801-3, 3 V/m
VCCI Level 1
SABS

Laser:

CDRH 21 CFR Chapter 1, Subpart J, Class 1 Laser
TUV approved to VDE 0837
TSH Approved to Decision 472
BS 4803 Part 2 (complies)
EN60825/IEC 825, Class 1 Laser

United Kingdom

Approved under Approval Number NS/G/1234/J/100003 for indirect
connection to Public Telecommunication Systems within the
United Kingdom.

1–16 Introduction

1.7 Related Documents
Table 1–8 Related Documents
Document Title

Part Number

Optical Library Conversion Kit Installation Guide

EK-OLCON-IG

Optical Library User’s Guide (shipped with each
unit)

EK-STSOP-UG

Optical Storage Desktop Software Installation
Guide

AA-PXYKA-TE

Optical Storage Desktop Software User’s Guide

AA-PXYLA-TE

Optical Storage Management Software
Installation Guide

AA-PXYPA-TE

Optical Storage Management Software
Installation Guide

AA-PXYQA-TE

Storage Server 100 Installation Guide

EK-D59SS-IN

Small Optical Disk Library Service Manual

EK-SOL10-SV

Medium Optical Disk Library Service Manual

EK-MOL10-SV

Large Optical Disk Library Service Manual

EK-SS100-SV

Optical Disk Library System Technical Reference
Manual †

5959-3559 (GSD)

Technical Guide Optical Drives and Libraries †

5960-7605

Optical Drive and Library SCSI-2 Command
Reference†

5960-7608

Offline Diagnostics for HP Optical Products†

5960-7626

Storage Server 100 Optical Disk Service Manual

EK-STSOP-SV ‡

†These documents can be ordered directly from Hewlett-Packard, see Appendix B for ordering
information.
‡Only for older model 10/20 Jukebox shipped with (Ninja) storage server systems

Introduction 1–17

Table 1–9 Pass Documents
Pass

Entry Number

RW5xx Hardware Pass

7174

Ninja Hardware Pass

6060

Optical Storage Management Software Pass

3731

Optical Storage Desktop Software Pass

3750

1–18 Introduction

2
Environmental/Installation/PM

2.1 Environmental Requirements
The following environmental requirements should be met at each site before
installation.
Note
The environmental specifications listed here apply when the disk library
is not connected to a system. When this device is connected to host
systems, the more stringent environmental specifications listed for any
single device within the host system are applicable and supersede these
specifications.

2.2 Operating Temperature/Clearance Requirements
The disk library is designed to operate with an ambient air temperature range of
10° to 40°C (50 to 104°F) with a rate of temperature change not to exceed 10°C
(50°F) per hour.
The area does not have to be air-conditioned but maintaining an operating room
temperature between 18°C to 24°C (65°F to 75°F) is recommended.
A minimum of 2-3 inches (70-80 mm) should be maintained behind the rear cover
of the cabinet to allow air circulation.

2.3 Location Requirements
Position the drive away from sources of particulate contamination such as
frequently-used doors and walkways, stacks of supplies that collect dust, and
smoke-filled rooms. If possible, allow enough room behind the drive for access to
the rear panel and for service.

Environmental/Installation/PM 2–1

2.4 Primary Power/External Ground
The power outlet used to supply AC power to the autochanger must be checked to
ensure that the proper voltage (listed in Table 2–1) is available.
Table 2–1 Acceptable Voltage/Frequency
Voltage
(Nominal Range)

Frequency
(Nominal Range)

Voltage
(Min/Max Range)

Frequency
(Min/Max Range)

100-127

50-60

90-132

47-66

200-240

50-60

180-269

47-66

Also check the earth (safety) ground in the power outlet (which uses NEMA
5-15R). Be aware that the electrical load imposed by the autochanger may reduce
the available voltage below the non-load value. If the line voltage is not within
the correct range, resolve the power problem.

2.5 Unpacking Procedures
Unpacking is described in the Unpacking Instructions found on the box for each
major component. If any items are missing, contact the factory Order Processing
Center with the following information:
•

original order number or unit serial number

•

receiving address

If the unit is damaged, it will be repaired in all cases. Billing of the charges
depends on whether the damage was caused by the carrier or the factory
packaging. The cause of the damage will be determined by the field service
representative.
In order to submit a warranty claim, problems determined to be caused by
factory packaging should be reported, in detail, to the factory. Be sure to include
the model number and full serial number in any correspondence with Digital
concerning the optical disk library.

2.6 Installation Procedures
After verifying that the environmental requirements listed earlier in this chapter
are met, the product is installed in the following three steps:
•

Unpacking (by customer)—inspection for damage and moving to final site

2–2 Environmental/Installation/PM

•

CE Hardware Installation—removing components from the shipping pallet
(according to configuration ordered), installing the mechanism into the rack
(if rackmount option), and checking address and power configuration

•

Configuring the disk library for use with a specific host.

2.6.1 Contents of Shipment
You should receive a crate containing the RW510/RW511/RW530 Optical Library,
and a box, shipped separately, labeled OPEN FIRST. Inside this box are several
additional packages containing the following:
•

READ ME FIRST instructions

•

Optical Library User’s Guide

•

SCSI cable

•

SCSI terminator

•

Power cord

In addition to these items, to complete the installation you may need two
wrenches—a 1/2 inch wrench and a 9/16 inch wrench—and a TORX T10, T15,
T20, and T25 screwdriver (the blade is star-shaped) as well as wire cutters or a
knife.

2.6.2 Installing Optical Library Unit
1. The Optical Library is shipped on a pallet covered by a cardboard box
Figure 2–1. Move the crate to its final destination before installing the
Optical Library.
2. Use wire cutters or a knife to cut the shipping straps.
3. Lift the cardboard box off of the pallet. A plywood ramp is packed on top;
remove it and set it aside. Remove the large foam blocks, and the plastic bag
surrounding the Optical Library.

Environmental/Installation/PM 2–3

Figure 2–1 Uncrating the Optical Library (RW510/RW530)

Bag with Ramp Bolts
Ramp Bolt

Ramp

Caster
Bolt
Foot
Bracket

ZS-0516-MH

4. Locate the small plastic bag containing two large bolts. The bag is stapled to
the top of the shipping pallet near the front of the Optical Library. Remove
the bolts from the bag.
5. Place the plywood ramp on top of the shipping pallet so that the holes in the
ramp line up with the holes in the pallet. Drop the bolts through the holes to
secure the ramp to the pallet.

2–4 Environmental/Installation/PM

6. Using a 9/16-inch wrench, remove the eight bolts and four brackets that lock
the Optical Library feet to the pallet.
7. Using a 1/2-inch wrench, raise the leveler feet so that the Optical Library is
free to move on its casters.
WARNING
Do not stand at the bottom of the ramp when you perform step 8.

8. Carefully roll the unit down the ramp.
The Optical Library is now uncrated. If possible, save all the shipping materials
in case you need to ship the unit to another site, or return it.

Environmental/Installation/PM 2–5

2.6.3 Remove the Shipping Bracket
Figure 2–2 Removing the Shipping Bracket (Deskside Unit RW510/RW530)
Thumbscrews

ZS-0517-MH

1. Remove the shipping bracket.
2. Remove the top cover of the Optical Library by pulling up on the back edge of
the cover. Set the top cover aside. Remove the small foam pads from under
the front edge.
3. Locate the two knurled thumbscrews on the top, left-edge of the Optical
Library. Unscrew them using your fingers or a screwdriver. They are spring
loaded and pop up when they are free.

2–6 Environmental/Installation/PM

4. Once the screws are loose, pull the left side panel out and off, and set it aside.
5. Locate the orange sheet metal bracket on the left side of the Optical Library.
Using a TORX T15 screwdriver, remove the screw holding the bracket in
place. Remove the bracket by pulling it straight out. Save the screw and
bracket with the rest of the packing material. The bracket must be replaced
if the machine needs to be shipped to a different location.
6. Replace the side panel by hooking the bottom edge in place first. Slide the
top edge back under the thumbscrews. Tighten the thumbscrews by pressing
down and turning. Do not replace the top cover just yet.

2.6.4 Attach SCSI Cable, SCSI Terminator, and Power Cord
The third step is to attach the SCSI cable, SCSI terminator, and the power cord.
See Figure 2–3 and follow these steps:
1. Remove the rear cover by pulling the top edge out away from the machine
(Medium units only RW510/RW511/RW530).
2. Locate the SCSI cable and SCSI terminator shipped in the same small box
containing the wrench and screwdriver.
3. Locate the two SCSI ports on the rear of the machine.
Plug the 50-pin Champ connector end of the SCSI cable into the port nearest
the Drive Address Select Switches. The 50-pin Champ end is the one housed
in plastic. (The other end is a metal connector with 50 pins and is labeled
Honda.) The 50-pin Champ connector is keyed so that it only attaches one
way. Lock the wire brackets into the grooves on the sides of the connector.
4. Plug the SCSI terminator into the second SCSI port, the port furthest from
the Drive Address Select Switches.
Note
The terminator must remain plugged into the second SCSI port on the
back of the Optical Library unless you are connecting two Optical Library
systems to your host computer. See Appendix C for instructions on
connecting two Optical Library systems.

5. Leave the 50-pin Honda end of the SCSI cable disconnected for now.
Instructions for connecting this end to your host computer are provided
in your host system documentation.

Environmental/Installation/PM 2–7

Figure 2–3 Attaching the SCSI Cable and Power Cord to the Deskside Unit
(RW510/RW530)
Power
Connector
Power Switch

Drive Address
Select Switches

50-Pin
Connector

SCSI
Port

SCSI Cable

SCSI Port
with Terminator

68-Pin Connector
ZS-0518-MH

6. Locate the power cord shipped in the country kit box. Locate the yellow
safety sticker covering the power plug on the rear of the Optical Library. Pull
the sticker away and plug in the power cord. Plug the other end of the power
cord into an electrical outlet.
7. Before turning on the black power switch, verify that the white operation
switch on the front of the Optical Library is off. The operation switch is off
when it is in the out position. Turn on the black power switch on the back of
the machine, located immediately under the power cord.

2–8 Environmental/Installation/PM

2.6.5 Uninterruptible Power Supply Installation
Follow the UPS manufacturer’s directions for connecting a UPS. The information
in the following section will be helpful.
CAUTION
Improper connection of the UPS with a communication link to the
autochanger may not provide full protection against data loss. To insure
proper UPS connection, perform the following steps:
1. Use the BC09D-09 interface cable (HP part number C1708-60x80) to
connect the UPS to the autochanger.
2. Run test 75 after connecting a UPS with a communication link to the
autochanger. (Refer to Chapter 4 for instructions for running test 75.)

If the UPS is connected to the RW510/RW511/RW530, the power requirements
shown in Table 2–2 must be met.

Table 2–2 UPS Power Requirements
Volt-Amps

Watts

125 Volt-Amps (typical)

75 Watts (typical)

190 Volt-Amps (worst)

110 Watts (worst)

2.7 Hardware Verification
The Customer Engineer needs to verify that the optical disk library is fully
functional. To do this, the CE powers up the unit, which will invoke the poweron
diagnostic. After completion of the poweron diagnostic, the CE should run
internal diagnostics and test the autochanger mechanism and drive(s) to verify
that all functions of the optical library unit (moves, flips, reads, writes, etc.) are
operating correctly. This can be accomplished by executing internal diagnostic
tests 2 and 11 through 17 (Chapter 4). Refer to the host configuration guide
to complete the installation. Ensure that the library and drive SCSI IDs do
not conflict with other addresses on the bus before connecting the host system
(Section 3.4).

Environmental/Installation/PM 2–9

2.8 Moving the Optical Disk Library
2.8.1 Moving the Optical Disk Library a Short Distance
If you simply need to move the disk library system down the hall, to another floor
level, or to another building on site, perform the following steps:
1. Unmount (unreserve) any disk surfaces from the host system if necessary.
2. Eject all disks from the autochanger drives. If the disks were not labeled with
a storage slot location prior to inserting them into the autochanger, do it now.
CAUTION
Failure to eject the disks from the optical drives prior to transport could
result in damage to the drive mechanism.

CAUTION
Do not switch off the disk library system either from the operation switch
or from the power switch (located on the rear panel) until you are sure
that the SCSI bus is inactive. Pressing either button when the bus is
active can cause data loss and/or indeterminate bus states. Check the
host sytem reference manuals for information on checking the status of
the SCSI bus.

1. Switch off the disk library system operation switch (located on the front
panel) and the power switch (located on the rear panel).
2. Remove the power cord and SCSI cable connections from the disk library
system.
3. Raise the leveler feet (if your disk library system is in a cabinet) using a
1/2-inch wrench.
4. Carefully roll the disk library system to its new destination.
5. Connect the disk library system to the host.
6. Re-connect the power cord.
7. Lower the leveler feet using a 1/2-inch wrench.
8. Configure the disk library system to the host. (Refer to your host system
documentation for configuration information.)

2–10 Environmental/Installation/PM

9. Re-insert the optical disks into their correct storage slot locations. (Refer to
"Loading Disks" in Chapter 6 of the Optical Disk Library User’s Guide for the
procedure for loading disks.)

2.8.2 Moving the Optical Disk Library a Long Distance
If you need to move your disk library system a long distance, perform the
following steps:
1. Unmount (unreserve) any disk surfaces from the host system if necessary.
2. Eject all disks from the autochanger and, if the disks were not labeled with a
storage slot location prior to inserting them into the autochanger, do it now.
CAUTION
Failure to eject the disks from the optical drives prior to moving the
transport could result in damage to the drive mechanism.

3. Run ‘‘TEST 23’’ to position the picker for shipping.
4. Press OPTION .
5. Press NEXT until ‘‘TEST *’’ appears, and then press ENTER .
6. Press NEXT until ‘‘TEST 23’’ appears, and then press ENTER .
CAUTION
Do not switch off the disk library system either from the operation switch
or from the power switch (located on the rear panel) until you are sure
that the SCSI bus is inactive. Pressing either button when the bus is
active can cause data loss and/or indeterminate bus states. Check the
host system reference manuals for information on checking the status of
the SCSI bus.

7. Remove the right side rack panel (rack-mounted units only).
8. Attach the orange shipping bracket (Figure 2–4).
9. Switch off the disk library system operation switch (located on the front
panel) and the power switch (located on the rear panel).

Environmental/Installation/PM 2–11

10. Have the unit repackaged and shipped in the same manner in which it was
received.
Note
Your service representative can provide assistance or advise you on how
to best repackage and ship your disk library system.

Figure 2–4 Attaching the Shipping Bracket

ZS-0509-MH

2–12 Environmental/Installation/PM

2.8.3 Attaching the Shipping Bracket

CAUTION
Before powering on the disk library system once it has reached its
destination, the shipping bracket must be removed to allow free
movement of the picker.

1. Remove the shipping bracket.
2. Connect the power cable to the disk library system.
3. Connect the one end of a SCSI cable to the disk library system, and connect
the other end to the host system.

2.9 Preventative Maintenance
There is no preventive maintenance for the optical disk library, however the
optical disks may require cleaning.
Cleaning an optical disk is needed more commonly on standalone drives than
with autochangers because of the differences in their environments and usage.
However, an autochanger may be used in such a way as to make disk cleaning
necessary.
To determine whether or not disk cleaning is appropriate for your customer’s
situation, refer to Section 4.3.
CAUTION
Do not attempt to clean the optical drive objective lens! Although disk
drive cleaning kits are available, they are not approved for use with the
RW510/RW511/5RW30 and will damage the optical drive mechanism.

Environmental/Installation/PM 2–13

3
Product Configuration and Operation
3.1 Front Panel and Control Panel Operations
Figure 3–1 shows the Deskside Configuration Front Panel. Figure 3–2 shows the
Rackmount Configuration Front Panel. Table 3–1 lists each switch and indicator,
and describes its function.

Product Configuration and Operation 3–1

Figure 3–1 Deskside Configuration Front Panel
3

Selection Controls

4 Modes
5 Status
6 9-Character Display

2 Mailslot
1 Operation Switch
ZS-0510-MH

3–2 Product Configuration and Operation

Figure 3–2 Rackmount Configuration Front Panel
3

Selection Controls
4 Modes
5 Status
6 9-Character Display

2 Mailslot

1 Operation
Switch

ZS-0511-MH

Table 3–1 Control Panel
1. Operation Switch

Pushed to enable or disable operation of the disk library. (This
is NOT the power switch. The power switch is located on the
rear panel.)

2. Mailslot

Allows you to insert or remove disks.
(continued on next page)

Product Configuration and Operation 3–3

Table 3–1 (Cont.) Control Panel
3. 9-Character Display

Displays information about the the current operation.
Generally you press NEXT or PREV to control the selections.
Once your selection is displayed, you press ENTER . You may
press CANCEL to cancel your selection.

4. Status Indicators

Lit when the indicated activity is taking place.

5. Modes Buttons

Press these buttons to perform the desired operation.
LOAD is pressed after you place the disk in the mailslot. Once
LOAD is pressed, the display prompts you for the desired

destination inside the unit. Once you choos e the location,
press ENTER . The disk loads to that location.

EJECT is pressed to remove a disk from storage in the library.
Once EJECT is pressed, the display prompts you for which disk
location to eject. Once you choose the location, press ENTER .
The disk is then brought from that location to the mailslot.
OPTION is pressed to display the current operation options
available such as TEST, INFOrmation, CONFiguration, and
SCSI ID.

6. Selection Control
Buttons

Press these buttons to perform the desired operation.
CANCEL is pressed to cancel the current operation or choice.
PREV is pressed to scroll the display choice backward by one.
NEXT is pressed to scroll the display choice forward by one.
ENTER is pressed to choose the displayed selection.

3–4 Product Configuration and Operation

3.2 Rear Panel Connections
Figure 3–3 Deskside Optical Disk Library Rear Panel

1 Power Connector
2 Power Switch

3 SCSI Connectors

ZS-0513-MH

Product Configuration and Operation 3–5

Figure 3–4 Rackmount Optical Disk Library Rear Panel
2 Power Switch
1 Power Connector

3 SCSI
Connectors

ZS-0514-MH

3–6 Product Configuration and Operation

Table 3–2 Rear Panel
1. SCSI Connectors

Two SCSI bus connectors that allow SCSI devices to be daisychained. If no other SCSI device exists after the current device
on the chain, a terminator must be connected to the unused
connector.

2. Power Switch

Used for switching on or off power to the disk library.

3. Power Connector

Connection for the power cord.

4. UPS 9-pin DConnector

Connection for an uninterruptible power supply (UPS).

3.3 Setting a Configuration (READY)
A list of the configuration choices for the optical disk library system can be found
in Section 3.6. To set a configuration, complete the following steps:
1. With READY displayed, press OPTION . TEST * displays.
2. Press NEXT . CONF * displays.
3. Press ENTER . CONF 0 displays.
4. Press NEXT or PREV until CONF ## displays (where ## is the configuration
number you want to change.) See Table 3–3 for a complete listing of
configurations.
5. Press ENTER .
Some configurations require a security code. If prompted, enter the security
code.
6. Press NEXT or PREV until the value you want appears in the display.
7. Press ENTER once your choice displays. SET ## displays followed by CONF *.

Product Configuration and Operation 3–7

3.3.1 Setting a Security Code

Note
The default factory-set security code is 0-0-0. When setting a new security
code, key in the old one first, and then the new one.)

1. With READY displayed, press OPTION . TEST * displays.
2. Press NEXT . CONF * displays.
3. Press ENTER . CONF 0 displays.
4. Press NEXT until CONF 17 displays.
5. Press ENTER . 0 displays.
6. Press NEXT or PREV until first number of old (or default) security code
displays.
7. Press ENTER . 0 displays.
8. Press NEXT or PREV until second number of old (or default) security code
displays.
9. Press ENTER . 0 displays.
10. Press NEXT or PREV until third number of old (or default) security code
displays.
Note
If the security code was keyed in successfully, the display prompts you for
the new one. If a mistake was made in keying in the security code, NO
CONFIG briefly displays and the unit returns to the CONF 17 display.
If you realize you’ve made a mistake in keying in a security code, press
CANCEL to return to the CONF 17 option.

11. Press ENTER . A displays.
12. Press NEXT or PREV until first number of new security code displays.
13. Press ENTER . B displays.
14. Press NEXT or PREV until second number of new security code displays.

3–8 Product Configuration and Operation

15. Press ENTER . C displays.
16. Press NEXT or PREV until third number of new security code displays.
17. Press ENTER . SET 17 displays.

3.3.2 Restricting Disk Insertion and Removal
Configurations 15 and 20 act together to control disks during normal and
powerfail conditions.
•

CONF 15 - when this is set to ON, you cannot insert or remove disks without a
security code.

•

CONF 20 - when this is set to ON, the CONF 15 status is maintained when
a power fail occurs. Also, the reserved status on mounted surfaces is
maintained if the autochanger power fails.

When setting CONF 15 or CONF 20, the display prompts you for a security code.
This security code is 0-0-0 (default) or the one set by the customer using CONF 17.

3.3.3 Setting CONF 15 or CONF 20
1. Press NEXT or PREV until CONF 15 or CONF 20 displays.
2. Press ENTER . 0 displays.
3. Press NEXT or PREV until the first security code number displays.
4. Press ENTER . 0 displays.
5. Press NEXT or PREV until the second security code number displays.
6. Press ENTER . 0 displays.
7. Press NEXT or PREV until the third security code number displays.
8. Press ENTER .
9. Press NEXT or PREV to select ON or OFF.
10. Press ENTER . SET 15 or SET 20 displays.

Product Configuration and Operation 3–9

3.4 Setting the Disk Library Addresses
Note
Determine what SCSI device addresses are currently in use on the host
system. You can then correctly determine w hat available SCSI address
to use for the autochanger controller and disk drives.
If you are configuring more than one disk library to the same host, you
must change the SCSI addresses on one of the disk libraries to avoid an
address conflict.

The disk library uses 3 SCSI addresses—one for each optical drive and one for
the autochanger controller. These addresses are set using the front panel.
The default address settings are:
Autochanger Controller

Address 3

Optical Disk Drive #1

Address 4

Optical Disk Drive #2

Address 5

If you want to change one of the addresses, follow these steps.
1. Switch on the disk library if it is not already on.
2. With READY displayed, press OPTION . TEST * displays.
3. Press NEXT until SCS I IDs * displays.
4. Press ENTER . AC ID ## displays (where ## is the current AC ID address).
This is the autochanger controller address.
5. Press NEXT until the drive or controller selection you want displays.
6. Press ENTER . The current drive or controller address displays.
7. Press NEXT or PREV until the address you want displays.
8. Press ENTER . The message SET # will display. Address is now set.
Repeat steps 5-8 until all of the desired addresses have been changed.
9. Press NEXT until UPDATE or CONFLICT displays.
If CONFLICT displays, two or more drives and/or the controller have been set
to the same address and must be reset.

3–10 Product Configuration and Operation

If UPDATE displays and you are satisfied with the addresses you have selected,
press ENTER . UPDATED will display.
10. Record the new address setting(s) for future reference.
CAUTION
Do not remove power to the disk library system until you are sure that
the SCSI bus is inactive. Removing power from a SCSI peripheral when
the bus is active can cause data loss and/or indeterminate bus states.
(Check the host sytem reference manuals for information on checking the
status of the SCSI bus.)

11. Push the operation switch (located on the disk library front panel) off and
then back on so the new address setting(s) will be recognized by the host
system.
Note
Some host systems must be power cycled to recognize the new disk library
address settings.

Note
The drive’s parity is enabled at the factory.

3.5 Host Configuration
Once the disk library is connected to the host system and the device address is
set, you are ready to prepare the host system to access the library. To determine
if the host you are connecting to supports the optical disk library and for further
installation information, check the following documents:
•

product support plan (available from your local Sales Support Office)

•

host system documentation

Product Configuration and Operation 3–11

3.6 Autochanger Configuration Choices
The following table lists the available configurations choices. An explanation
of how to access and set these configurations is found in Section 3.3, Setting a
Configuration (READY).
Table 3–3 Autochanger Configuration Choices
No.

Function

Default

Options

Clear/Save Error Log
(Information Log 0)

Save

Clear - clears the error log
immediately.
Save - saves the error log until
Clear is con figured.

No Break on Failure

Off

Off - if a test encounters a failure,
the test stops.
On - if a test encounters a failure,
the test continues.

Clear/Save Move Log
(Information Log 10)

Save

Clear - clears the move log
immediately.
Save - saves the move log until
Clear is configured.

Clear/Save Runtime Log
(Information Log 11)

Save

Clear - clears the runtime log
immediately.
Save - saves the runtime log until
clear is configured.

Configurations 15 - 20 require
a security code.
15

Prevent Media Removal
(security code required)

Off

On = No mailslot I/O
Off = Normal mailslot I/O

Set Default Configurations
(security code required)

Save

Clear - restores default configurations immediately.
Save - maintains all set configurations.

Set New Security Code
(security code required)

0-0-0

Clear/Save Logs
(security code required)

Save

Clear - clears/zeros the specified
logs.
(continued on next page)

3–12 Product Configuration and Operation

Table 3–3 (Cont.) Autochanger Configuration Choices
No.

Function

Default

Options
Save - maintains the specified logs
until clear is configured.

Clears/zeros these logs:
#4 - Drive Load Count
#5 - Poweron Hours
#9 - Move
#12 - Flip
#13 - Translate
#14 - Mailslot Rotation

Sets the number of attempts to
retry moves before giving up.

Set Autochanger Retries
A - Max. attempts to find home
B - Max. attempts to do move
C - Max. attempts to restore
move after failure.

Poweron Cartridge Security
(security code required)

Off

On - maintains the status of
configuration 15 upon power cycle
or power failure.
Off - Configuration 15 is not
maintained through a power cycle
or power failure.

Enable Autochanger Retries

On - Autochanger attempts to
correct itself when it encounters
difficulty.
Off - Autochanger does not attempt
to correct itself when it encounters
difficulty.

Clear Drive 1 Load Count Log
(Information Log 4)

Save

Clear - clears the Drive 1 Load
Count Log immediately.
Save - saves the Drive 1 Load
Count Log until clear is configured.

Same as config. 22 for Drive 2.

Report Recovered Error

Off

On - reports the SCSI-level error to
the host.
Off - no reports of SCSI-level errors
to the host.

4
2
1

(continued on next page)

Product Configuration and Operation 3–13

Table 3–3 (Cont.) Autochanger Configuration Choices
No.

Function

Default

Options

Secured Mailslot Rotation
(security code required)

Off

Off - Normal mailslot operation.
On - The mailslot rotates in when
configuration 15 is set to ON or a
Prevent Media Removal command
is received. The mailslot remains
closed until configuration 15 is
set to OFF or an Allow Media
Removal command is received.
If the autochanger is full, the
mailslot will open only for an
EJECT command.

Mailslot Rotation Command
(security code required)

Off

Off - Normal mailslot operation. If
the host sends a Rotate mailslot
command and config. 32 is set to
off, the host will receive a Check
Condition followed by a Sense Key
of Illegal Request.
On - When a Rotate Mailslot
command is received (either from
the host or via the control panel),
the mailslot is toggled open or
closed.

DEC/OEM Mode

Off

Off - Changes inquiry mode to DEC
mode. Required when connected
to a DEC computer to ensure
integrity. This changes default of
Autocontroller PCA.
ON - For use with OEM computers
(HP).

DEC/OEM Mode

Off

Off - Changes inquiry mode to DEC
mode. Required when connected to
a DEC computer to ensure integrity.
This changes default of 1.3 Gbyte
multifunction drive only.
ON - For use with OEM computers
(HP).
(continued on next page)

3–14 Product Configuration and Operation

Table 3–3 (Cont.) Autochanger Configuration Choices
No.

Function

Default

Options

Emulate Model 10C or 20T
(Must be a Model 20C or 40T.
Security code required)

Off

Off - Normal Model 20C mode.
On - Emulates a Model 10C or 20T.
(Reduces the number of available
storage slots from 32 to 16.)
This is only used for system
integration, and should not
normally be used.

Zero all RAM

Save

Save - RAM remains unchanged.
Clear - Zeros all RAM locations and
reboots.
Caution - When this configuration
is set to ’’Clear,’’ the product ID and
the vendor ID are cleared. DO NOT
perform this operation.

Product Configuration and Operation 3–15

4
Troubleshooting/Diagnostics
This chapter is divided into the following sections:
•

Operation/Installation Error Information
Common problems encountered during operation and installation of the
optical disk library are listed in this section, and suggestions for solving
these problems are given. This troubleshooting is considered top-level
troubleshooting.

•

Control Panel Error Information
Error messages and log information which are available through the control
panel display are provided in this section. This intermediate level of
troubleshooting is used when "hard" (repeatable) errors are encountered.

•

Internal Diagnostic Utilities
Information about the available internal diagnostics used to aid in the
troubleshooting process is discussed in this section.

•

Error Information through SCSI Commands
Error messages and log information available by issuing SCSI commands
via an external PC based host computer are discussed in this section. This
in-depth level of trouble shooting is used when "soft" (intermittent) errors are
encountered.

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–1

4.1 Operation/Installation Error Information
The following table lists problems that may occur during operation of the optical
disk library. If you cannot find a solution to a problem in this section, go to the
next section for more in-depth troubleshooting.
CAUTION
DO NOT CYCLE POWER during any troubleshooting until you are sure
the system SCSI bus is INACTIVE and will REMAIN INACTIVE.
Removing power while the bus is active can cause data loss and/or
indeterminate bus states. Check the host system reference manuals for
information on checking the status of the SCSI bus.

Task

Problem/Symptom

What to do

Communicating
host < — > library

Can’t get the host
to recognize the
optical disk library.

•

Make sure the disk library is supported
on the host operating system.

•

Make sure the autochanger was
installed and configured as described
in Section 3.6.

•

Check the SCSI connections.

•

Check the SCSI interface address as it
relates to the device files.

•

Make sure SCSI IDs of unit do not
conflict with other SCSI devices on the
bus.

•

Make sure the software license was
installed correctly.

•

Make sure CONFIG 40 is set to DEC
mode. See Section 3.3 and Section 3.6

4–2 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

Task

Problem/Symptom

What to do

Changing the drive
address

Changed drive
address but new
address is not
recognized.

After changing an address, the autochanger
power and/or the host system power may
need to be cycled for the new address to
be recognized. (Refer to the host system
documentation for information on setting
peripheral addresses and shutting down the
host system.)

Inputting Security
Code

Security code
forgotten or
misplaced for the
autochanger.

First, try the default security code (0-0-0). If
the security code is not set to the default,
locate the 8-switch dip switch on the
controller PCA, and set switch 1 to the
"closed" position. Switch on the autochanger.
This sets the security code to the default
code.
Note—Once the default security code
is set, the switch must be reset to its
original setting. The customer may now use
configuration 17 to set a new security code
(refer to Section 3.3.1, Setting a Security
Code).

Loading Disks

Disk inserted
in mailslot, but
the display reads
ERROR, EMPTY, or
MISLOAD.

Powering on

The optical disk
library won’t
poweron.

Remove the disk from the mailslot and try
inserting it again. Push the disk in, shutterend first, so that the disk is flush with the
optical disk library front panel.

•

Make sure the power cord connections
are tight.

•

Check to see that both the back power
switch and the front operation switch are
in the ON position.

•

Make sure the power outlet is operating.

•

Check the voltage select switch setting.

•

Replace the fuse with a new one.

•

Replace the power cord with a known
good one.

•

Replace the power supply module.

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–3

Task

Power fail

Problem/Symptom

What to do

Poweron selftest
fails.

Turn the unit off, then turn it on again.
Observe the poweron test result. If the
unit continues to fail, use the error code to
begin troubleshooting (refer to Section 4.2,
Power-on Self-tests).

Does not boot
correctly.

Ensure that the boot disk is ON, spun up,
and ready before applying power to the host
computer. The autochanger and the host
may then be powered on in any order.

Only the autochanger power
fails.

When power returns, unmount and remount
all disk surfaces. Do not eject any disks until
the surfaces are unmounted/unreserved.

Autochanger power
fails while a disk is
in the drive.

If you need to remove the disk before power
can be resupplied to the drive, the eject tool
can be used to recover the disk (refer to
Section 4.4, Using the Eject Tool to Remove a
Disk from the Drive).

Host computer
power fails and the
autochanger stays
on.

After the host reboots, file system check any
write-mounted surfaces.

CAUTION
Do not eject disks from the autochanger until all mounted surfaces are
unmounted.
To prevent disks from being removed after a power failure, set configuration 20 (Poweron Cartridge Security) to "ON." Refer to Section 3.6,
Autochanger Configuration Choices and Section 3.1, Front Panel and
Control Panel Operations for an explanation of configuration 20 and how it
is set.
Both the host
system and
autochanger power
fail.

4–4 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

After the host reboots, file system check
any write-mounted surfaces. Refer to the
previous CAUTION note.

Task

Problem/Symptom

Reading the Front
Panel Display
Window

No display
messages appear.

Reading/writing
magneto-optical
disks

Removing disks

Can’t write to the
disk.

Disk removal
attempted, but
the storage slot or
drive location won’t
display the option.

What to do

•

Make sure both the power switch (on the
rear panel) and the operation switch (on
the front panel) are switched on.

•

Check that the power cord is connected.

•

Check AC input.

•

Check the fuse.

•

Check the control panel cable connections.

•

Replace the control panel PCA.

•

Replace the autochanger controller PCA.

•

Replace the power supply.

•

Check the file system access permissions.

•

Check the write-protect tab on each disk
side to assure write-enabled status.

•

Check to make sure the disk was
initialized.

•

Check that the disk file system was
mounted correctly.

•

Refer to Section 4.3, Optical Disk
Cleaning.

•

Check your application software.

•

Make sure the optical disk surface’s file
systems have been unmounted.

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–5

Task

Problem/Symptom

What to do

Disk removal
attempted, but a
FULL, MISLOAD or
RESERVED message
displays.

•

Remove the disk from the mailslot and
try to remove the desired disk again. If a
disk is not in the mailslot and MISLOAD
still displays, this could indicate a drive
failure.

•

In the case of RESERVED, a security code
was set to prevent disk removal. See
Table 3–3, number 15.

•

Try powering on the unit.

•

If poweron is unsuccessful, power the
unit off. Do not move the unit.
Moving the unit with a disk in the drive
risks damaging the magneto-optical
mechanism in the MO drive. Refer to
the "Powering On" and "Power Fail"
sections earlier in this table.

•

If it is critical that the disk be removed
from the drive before power can be
restored to the drive, refer to Section 4.4,
Using the Eject Tool to Remove a Disk
from the Drive.

The unit’s power
failed while a disk
was in the drive.

4.2 Power-on Self-tests
CAUTION
When the optical disk library is powered on and selftest is run, the
SCSI interface and the terminator must both be either connected or
disconnected.
If the controller senses that the optical drive is not connected to a host
system via the SCSI interface, additional selftests are run on the SCSI
circuitry. If these tests run while a terminator is attached, voltage levels
at the SCSI bus connector are different than expected and a selftest
failure results.

4–6 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

CAUTION
Do not switch off any peripheral on the SCSI bus without first checking
that the bus is not active.
Switching off can cause data loss and/or indeterminate bus states.

To run the poweron selftest, perform the following steps:
1. Insert a formatted disk into the drive either from a storage slot location or
through the mailslot/control panel.
2. Remove power from the optical disk library. Press both the power switch on
the back panel and the operation switch on the front panel.
3. Remove the disk library top cover and side panels so that you can observe the
LEDs on the front of the optical drive mechanism.
Follow the steps in Section 5.4.1, Service Access .
4. Switch on both the rear panel power switch and the front panel operation
switch, and wait for the poweron selftest to complete.
Note
A failure will occur under the following circumstances:
•

if an UNFORMATTED disk is used during the test

•

if the host is not powered up and properly terminated

•

if the host is not connected and the drive is not correctly terminated.

The Poweron Selftest will have one of the following results:
Indication

Description

The busy and the
fault LEDs turn off.

No failure has
occurred.

The fault LED
remains lit.

A failure had
occurred.

Further Diagnosis

Connect the offline diagnostic tool to
determine failure.

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–7

Indication

Description

Further Diagnosis

The LEDs do not
light at all, and the
disk does not load.

There are possible
loose power
connections.

Check all power connections for the
drives.

4.3 Optical Disk Cleaning
Note
Cleaning an optical disk is needed more commonly on standalone drives
than with autochangers because of the differences in their environments
and usage. While the following information is therefore more applicable
to standalone drives, an autochanger may be used in such a way as to
make the following cleaning information apply. Disk cleaning for libraries
in general, however, is NOT RECOMMENDED as a normal user task.

Disk cleaning should only be done after a read/write failure or if a customer
notices a loss of autochanger performance. In addition, it must be determined
that the failure or loss of performance was not caused by a definite hardware
failure.
A failure to read a disk may result from:
•

hardware failure

•

contamination of the disk surface

•

contamination of the drive objective lens

On an otherwise working drive, check to see that the most current firmware code
level is being used and/ or that all applicable service notes have been done. If so,
contamination could be a cause and cleaning may be necessary.
In the case of a read failure, cleaning might be the only way to get the customer’s
data back. In the case of performance loss, a few minutes spent cleaning may
prevent unnecessary replacement of service parts and present an opportunity to
"fix the site" and help the customer prevent contamination in the future.
The following are recommendations for preventing contamination of disks and the
disk drive:
•

Place the library away from high traffic areas.

•

Do not leave a disk in the drive for extended periods of time if possible.

4–8 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

•

Do not use the library in "dirty" environments such as coal mines, railroad
maintenance yards, etc.

4.3.1 Cleaning Tools Available
Disks may be cleaned with the Optical Disk Cleaning Kit (C1700-88800). This
kit contains swab s and alcohol, cleaning instructions, and a special cartridge
holder that keeps the sliding sleeve open. Refer to Appendix B, Basic Supplies
and Reorderable Parts.
Note
If the problem appeared as loss of performance and cleaning a disk solved
the problem, another couple of steps must be done to regain performance
using that disk.
As performance was declining because of read/write problems, the disk
was probably becoming fragmented through excessive "sparing." To regain
performance, the data on each side of the disk should be stored, each side
of the disk reformatted, and the data restored back on the disk.

CAUTION
Do not attempt to clean the optical drive objective lens
Although disk drive cleaning kits are available, they cannot be used with
the RW510/RW511/RW530. Using these kits to clean the drive in these
libraries will damage the optical disk mechanism.

4.4 Using the Eject Tool to Remove a Disk from the
Drive
The optical drive mechanism does not automatically eject a disk from the drive if
a power failure occurs. If you need to manually remove a disk from a drive with
no power, you must use the eject tool.
If you do not have an eject tool for the optical drive, you may order one of the
following (refer to Appendix B for order information):
•

Hewlett-Packard part number—C1701-88803

•

Marshall Industries part number—R3322

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–9

You may also use a small flat-head screwdriver with the following dimensions:
Length

50 mm

Width

2.45 mm

Thickness

.5 mm

A disk can be removed from the drive while the drive is still secured in the
autochanger. Follow the service access procedures in Section 5.4.1 to access the
front of the drive mechanism, and then perform the following steps to remove a
disk from the drive:
1. Disconnect all power to the drive if you have not done so already.
2. Insert the eject tool into the small round hole in the front panel of the drive.
3. Turn the eject tool in a clockwise direction (approximately 20 complete
rotations) until the disk is ejected through the front of the drive.
CAUTION
Do not reach into the drive to get the disk. Wait until the disk is ejected
through the front of the drive before removing it. Premature removal of
the disk could damage the drive.

4.5 Troubleshooting Using the Control Panel and
Observation
When there are errors in autochanger movements, two main approaches are
available to get information and to run exerciser tests. The approach usually
depends on whether the error encountered was a hard error or whether it was a
soft (intermittent) error.
•

Troubleshooting Using the Control Panel and Observation - This method
(described in this section) is usually used in situations where you have a hard
error.

•

Troubleshooting Through the SCSI Bus - This method (described in the next
section) is used in situations where you have a soft (intermittent) error.

Error information and logs accessed through the control panel are summarized.
By knowing how the autochanger operates and using the summarized information
from the control panel display, there is enough information to troubleshoot many
problems that result in a hard error.

4–10 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

Figure 4–1 Information and Tests Through the Control Panel

4.5.1 The Autochanger Lists the First "Possibles"
At poweron, and after every failed move, the autochanger automatically runs
an initialization sequence that comprehensively tests the autochanger. If a hard
failure occurs, a list of possible FRUs that may have been at fault is returned.
Keep in mind that these FRUs are not listed in any prioritized manner. The
CE should visually verify the failure in progress to determine the most likely
candidate.

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–11

Figure 4–2 The Autochanger Returns Suspect FRUs

Note
This test sequence returns possible failed FRUs only if there has been
a HARD FAILURE. The test sequence will NOT find an intermittent
failure. This test sequence, called the "FRU Isolation Test" (test 60), can
also be run from the control panel. Similar to its automatic operation,
this test sequence only points out ("isolates") FRUs if there has been a
hard failure.

What the Autochanger Assumes—
The FRU Isolation Test assumes the following:
•

There was a failure.

•

The cause of the failure was physical (either mechanical or in the electronics).

•

There is only one failed component. Simultaneous failures of unrelated items
are not considered possible for purposes of this test.

•

Service will be done, if necessary, if a problem is found (i.e., the unit does not
have to be left in a "clean" state).

4–12 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

The test takes advantage of this and does whatever is necessary to determine
the cause of the failure. Disks are not intentionally rearranged, but if the
picker starts this test with a disk in it, the position and orientation of that
disk is unknown.
When an error occurs, the cause may be the power supply, cables, drive
electronics, motors, encoders, belts, gear s, sensors, or picker. No assumption
is made about the integrity of any of these components. To isolate the actual
cause of the failure, a process of elimination is used.
The components are tested in a sequence that starts with the most basic functions
and builds to the more complex, and interrelating components (i.e., the motors
cannot be tested if the power supply is dead).
Whenever the initialization sequence is run, FIND HOME is attempted. If the
"home" position cannot be found, the FRU isolation test is run automatically.
When the FRU isolation test is run from the control panel, the FIND HOME
sequence is run.

4.5.2 How to Use the Results of the Internal Tests
Similar to treating symptoms rather than the real problem, the suspect FRUs
given by the FRU isolation test may actually mask the root cause of the problem.
The hard move error that caused the autochanger to run the FRU isolation test
may have only been a PRODUCT of the actual problem. Blindly and repeatedly
replacing the suspect FRU(s) will not solve the problem.

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–13

Figure 4–3 How Service Views the Suspect FRUs

If you consider the suspect FRU as a POINTER to the problem area rather than
the problem itself, an educated visual inspection, with perhaps some cable and
connector wiggling, should reveal the real problem.
A good visual inspection requires an understanding of how the autochanger acts
under normal operation. This understanding can be achieved by completing the
self-paced training for the autochanger and getting as much hands-on experience
as possible. If you are familiar with the moves of the carriage/picker assembly
during the FIND HOME sequence and you are familiar with the behavior of the
drive, you will be able to more easily detect the real problem pointed to by a
suspect FRU.
Note
The specific steps of the FIND HOME sequence and the possible errors
which may result are listed in Section 4.10.

An example:
The autochanger fails with an error code of 4D (hexadecimal), "MOTION ERROR
CHECKING FOR CARTRIDGE IN THE PICKER," and lists the picker (FRU 27)
as the most likely failure. However, when you observe the unit while running the
Wellness Test (test 2), you see that the picker is having trouble flipping. As you
manually move the carriage/picker assembly around and touch the components

4–14 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

that are involved, you notice that the picker belt is abnormally tight. The belt is
tight because the picker motor is skewed.
The error (4D) and suspect FRU gave an AREA to look at when troubleshooting.
Visual inspection (concurrent with physical checks) helps to link the suspect FRU
with the root cause by providing an area to examine. In the preceding example,
the components that INTERACT with, and DRIVE the picker are examined.
Section 4.6.1, Hardware Error Codes and Recovery Procedures lists each error
code and procedure for finding the cause of the error, using the autochanger’s
suspect FRUs as a guide. Error codes and recovery procedures are grouped by
functional area in the autochanger.
At the BEGINNING of the list of errors for each functional group, you will find
general HINTS about what areas should be checked when errors appear in that
group. Be sure to check out those hints.

4.5.3 The FRU Isolation Test Sequence
The following list traces the execution of the FRU isolation test. A failure
requires additional tests at that point to determine the actual cause. The original
sequence is not continued if a test fails.
1. Look at the error code generated by the FIND HOME sequence, some codes
may have obvious, implied FRUs.
(eliminates optical sensors and their cables)
2. Run autochanger controller PCA tests that do not cause host communication
loss.
(eliminates power supply, power supply cables, ROMs, RAM, motor control
IC, and microprocessor)
3. Check that the motors are capable of moving by attempting to move them
very small distances in both directions.
(eliminates motor assemblies (except belts), motor cables, PCA drivers)
4. Pull picker fingers back. They should come to a hard stop with the leadscrew
nut completely at the end of the leadscrew.
(eliminates the picker belt)
5. Move carriage/picker assembly toward the drive. It should come to a hard
stop.
(eliminates the carriage belt)
6. Move carriage/picker assembly away from the drive. The move has to be
far enough to be certain that the leadscrew can move, but not so far that a
jammed cartridge will cause the test to fail.
(eliminates the carriage leadscrew assembly)

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–15

Note
If the FRU isolation test has been run from the front panel, the
FIND HOME sequence will automatically be executed at this point.

7. At this point, there is some level of confidence that the system is capable of
moving the carriage/picker assembly. Using the new information learned by
running these tests, look at the error codes, the move ID that failed, and how
the recovery system failed.

4.5.4 Information Logs
The optical autochanger control panel diagnostic tests have two major purposes.
The first is to provide diagnostic information that can lead to early detection of
an autochanger problem. The second is to provide fault isolation tests.
All the logs are maintained within non-volatile RAM, and so are not affected by
cycling autochanger power. These logs are accessible from the control panel by
using the INFO option.
Procedure
To display information about the autochanger (e.g., the error log or move success
log) access the INFO option using the following steps.
1. With the autochanger power on and in the READY state, press NEXT . TEST *
displays.
2. Press NEXT until INFO * displays.
3. Press ENTER .
4. Press NEXT or PREV until the desired log number is displayed.
5. Press ENTER . The log information will be displayed.
Note
Some logs will display more information when NEXT or PREV is pressed.
Press CANCEL to stop the INFO display. Press ENTER to choose another
log.

You have several information selections that are outlined in Section 4.12.

4–16 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

4.6 Recovery from Hardware Errors
When a hardware failure occurs, a message is displayed on the control panel. If
the failure occurs during the poweron sequence, FAIL 1 is displayed. If the failure
occurs at some other time, MISLOAD or FAIL 0 is displayed. If a failure occurs
while you are running a test, FAIL # is displayed, where # is the number of the
test that failed.
When you press ENTER , the autochanger displays information about the
hardware failure.
The autochanger firmware can detect broken components such as a dead motor,
a missing belt, etc., but if failures are due to marginal or random problems,
the failing component may induce errors in other components. For example, if
any portion of the electronics becomes intermittent or if friction increases on
a part, different components of the autochanger may appear to fail at varied
points as the autochanger runs its code. This results in many different error
codes. Additional explanation of some hardware error codes follows the table of
hardware error codes and recovery procedures.
Note
Instructions for running internal diagnostic tests are given in the
"Diagnostics" section at the end of this chapter. A list of the available test
choices and their descriptions are given in Section 4.8.

4.6.1 Hardware Error Codes and Recovery Procedures
The following table shows the hardware error codes possible and recovery
procedures for specific hardware errors. In all cases, if you run a test, and no
error occurs, monitor for reoccurrence. If the error repeats, use the list of suspect
FRUs logged by the FRU isolation test as a guide to determine the problem.
Replace the FRU(s) as necessary.
Some error codes require further explanation; see Table 4–1.

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–17

Table 4–1 Hardware Error Codes and Recovery Procedures
Hardware
Error Code
(Hex.)

Error Description

Recovery Procedures

No error

No action.

AUTOCHANGER CONTROLLER PCA ERRORS
The first step is to make sure the autochanger
controller PCA cables are seated in their
connectors.
01

ROM Checksum
Error

Run test 31—ROM Checksum Test – verify failure.

RAM Test Error

Run test 33—RAM Test—verify failure.

Microprocessor Test
Error

Run test 30 – Microprocessor Operation Test—verify
failure.

Controlled Area of
RAM Checksum
Error

Recycle Power—verify failure.
If error repeats – run Configuration 66—
Zeros all RAM locations and reboots.
Caution: When this configuration is set to Clear,
the product ID and the vendor ID are cleared. DO
NOT use this configuration.
If error repeats – replace AC Controller PCA
(FRO 01).
Poweron—check fix.

Firmware Error

Run test 3—Controller Test—(may not be able to
duplicate).

SCSI INTERFACE-SPECIFIC ERRORS
Visual inspection is not possible for errors 0B
to 13.
0B

SCSI Controller
Register Error

Run test 34—SCSI Interface Controller Chip Test—
verify failure.

SCSI Controller IC’s
RAM Failed

Run test 34—SCSI Interface Controller Chip Test—
verify failure.

SCSI Controller
Message Error

Run test 34—SCSI Interface Controller Chip Test—
verify failure.

SCSI Controller
Command Error

Run test 34—SCSI Interface Controller Chip Test—
verify failure.
(continued on next page)

4–18 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

Table 4–1 (Cont.) Hardware Error Codes and Recovery Procedures
Hardware
Error Code
(Hex.)

Error Description

Recovery Procedures

SCSI Controller Kill
Error

Run test 34—SCSI Interface Controller Chip Test—
verify failure.

SCSI Controller
FIFO Error

Run test 34—SCSI Interface Controller Chip Test—
verify failure.

SCSI Controller
Target Sequence
Error

Run test 34—SCSI Interface Controller Chip Test—
verify failure.

SCSI Controller
Com’nd Sequence
Error

Run test 34—SCSI Interface Controller Chip Test—
verify failure.

SCSI Controller
Status Sequence
Error

Run test 34—SCSI Interface Controller Chip Test—
verify failure.

LOOPBACK ERRORS

CAUTION: Loopback test 41 will always fail when
the SCSI repeater PCA is installed. All RW510
/RW511/RW530 units are shipped with the SCSI
repeater PCA.

SCSI Connector
Loopback Error in
DBO or I/O

Run test 41—SCSI Connector Loopback Test (using
loopback connector 88780-60095) —verify failure.

SCSI Connector
Loopback Error in
DB1 or C/D

Run test 41—SCSI Connector Loopback Test (using
loopback connector 88780-60095) —verify failure.

SCSI Connector
Loopback Error in
DB2 or MSG

Run test 41—SCSI Connector Loopback Test (using
loopback connector 88780-60095) —verify failure.

SCSI Connector
Loopback Error in
DB3 or REQ

Run test 41—SCSI Connector Loopback Test (using
loopback connector 88780-60095) —verify failure.

SCSI Connector
Loopback Error in
DB4 or ACK

Run test 41—SCSI Connector Loopback Test (using
loopback connector 88780-60095) —verify failure.

SCSI Connector
Loopback Error in
DB5 or ATN

Run test 41—SCSI Connector Loopback Test (using
loopback connector 88780-60095) —verify failure.
(continued on next page)

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–19

Table 4–1 (Cont.) Hardware Error Codes and Recovery Procedures
Hardware
Error Code
(Hex.)

Error Description

Recovery Procedures

SCSI Connector
Loopback Error in
DB6 or SEL

Run test 41—SCSI Connector Loopback Test (using
loopback connector 88780-60095) —verify failure.

SCSI Connector
Loopback Error in
DB7 or BSY

Run test 41—SCSI Connector Loopback Test (using
loopback connector 88780-60095) —verify failure.

SCSI Connector
Loopback Error in
DBP or RST

Run test 41—SCSI Connector Loopback Test (using
loopback connector 88780-60095) —verify failure.

MULTI-FUNCTION PERIPHERAL IC ERRORS
Visual inspection is not possible for errors 29
to 2B
29

RS-232 Loopback
data did not match
what was sent

Run test 35—Multi-function Peripheral Chip Test—
verify failure.

Timed out waiting
for RS-232 loopback
data

Run test 35—Multi-function Peripheral Chip Test—
verify failure.

Timer A did not
count down as
expected

Run test 35 – Multi-function Peripheral Chip
Test—verify failure.

MOTOR CONTROL IC ERRORS
Visual inspection is not possible for errors 2C
to 2E
2C

Failed read/write test
to motor control IC

Run test 36 – Motor Control Chip Test—verify
failure.

Motor Control
Loopback Test failed

Run test 36 – Motor Control Chip Test—verify
failure.

Motor Control IC
RAM Test failed

Run test 36—Motor Control Chip Test—verify
failure.

POWER SUPPLY ERRORS
Visually check the power cables and
connections.
(continued on next page)

4–20 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

Table 4–1 (Cont.) Hardware Error Codes and Recovery Procedures
Hardware
Error Code
(Hex.)
33

Error Description

Recovery Procedures

Low voltage power
supply failed

Run test 40—Power Supply Test—verify failure.
If error repeats— measure 12V at 4-prong Molex
that connects to J81 on mother PCA.

High voltage power
supply failed

Run test 40 – Power Supply Test—verify failure.
If error repeats— measure 12V at 4-prong Molex
that connects to J81 on mother PCA.

DRIVE CONNECT ERRORS
On error codes 38 and 39 be sure to check:
•

drive cabling
good contacts
no cut or exposed wires

•

drive tray not skewed

Drive 1 not
connected

Run test 37—Drive Connector Test—verify failure.

Drive 2 not
connected

Run test 37—Drive Connector Test—verify failure.
(continued on next page)

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–21

Table 4–1 (Cont.) Hardware Error Codes and Recovery Procedures
MECHANISM ERROR CODES
Check carriage/picker for free motion. The
carriage should travel easily along the rails;
you should be able to smoothly translate the
picker across the carriage. The picker should
also flip easily by pulling the picker belt.
3C

Unspecified
mechanical failure

Run test 11—Autochanger Mechanism Exercise
Test.
On error—go to error code in this table.

Unspecified servo
failure

Run test 11—Autochanger Mechanism Exercise
Test.
On error—go to error code in this table.
Check the appropriate area for loose labels or
other obstructions (drive(s), picker, mailslot,
magazine(s).)

Unable to free picker
fingers for carriage
motion

Run test 50—Find Home Sequence—verify failure.

Unable to verify
picker is at home
position (nonleadscrew side)

Run test 50—Find Home Sequence—verify failure.

Unable to find home
position; Path-Clear
sensors blocked

Run test 50—Find Home Sequence—verify failure.

Unable to clear PathClear sensors by
moving picker fingers
back

Run test 50—Find Home Sequence—verify failure.

Carriage motion
failure during Find
Home sequence

Run test 50—Find Home Sequence—verify failure.

Unable to free picker
fingers for translate
motion

Run test 50—Find Home Sequence—verify failure.

Carriage motion
failed while
initializing Home
position (during Find
Home)

Run test 50—Find Home Sequence—verify failure.

(continued on next page)

4–22 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

Table 4–1 (Cont.) Hardware Error Codes and Recovery Procedures
Hardware
Error Code
(Hex.)

Error Description

Recovery Procedures

Translate failed
while moving toward
non-leadscrew side
during Find Home
sequence

Run test 50—Find Home Sequence – verify failure.

Carriage motion
failed during
carriage/picker
assembly calibration
(leadscrew side)

Run test 51—Carriage/Picker Assy Calibration—
verify failure.

Carriage motion
failed during carriage
/picker assembly
calibration (nonleadscrew side)

Run test 51—Carriage/Picker Assy Calibration—
verify failure.

Motion error
while determining
orientation of the
picker

Run test 50—Find Home Sequence—verify failure.

No sensor found

Run test 50—Find Home Sequence – verify failure.

Failed flip motion
during Find Home
sequence

Run test 50—Find Home Sequence—verify failure.

Motion error
checking for
cartridge in the
picker

Run test 50—Find Home Sequence—verify failure.

Check the optical sensor, if necessary.
4E

Unable to measure
height of sensor on
the leadscrew side

Run test 51—Carriage/Picker Assy Calibration—
verify failure.

Unable to measure
height of sensor on
the non-leadscrew
side

Run test 51—Carriage/Picker Assy Calibration—
verify failure.

(continued on next page)

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–23

Table 4–1 (Cont.) Hardware Error Codes and Recovery Procedures
Hardware
Error Code
(Hex.)

Error Description

Recovery Procedures

Excessive tilt of
the carriage/picker
assembly (away from
the drives)

Run test 51—Carriage/Picker Assy Calibration—
verify failure.

Excessive tilt of
the carriage/picker
assembly (toward the
drives)

Run test 51—Carriage/Picker Assy Calibration—
verify failure.

Excessive cone angle
on picker

Run test 51 – Carriage/Picker Assy Calibration—
verify failure.

Excessive stack tilt

Run test 51 – Carriage/Picker Assy Calibration—
verify failure.

Unable to complete
an interrupted move
(at power-up)

Unable to find top of
unit

Run test 60—FRO Isolation Test—verify failure.
If no error, monitor for re-occurrence. If test 60
shows an error code, look up the hardware error
code in this table and follow the recovery procedures
for that error.
Run test 51 – Carriage/Picker Assy Calibration—
verify failure.

EXERCISER TEST ERRORS
56

Need to issue
Initialize Status
command

No FRUs failed. Run test 10 to initialize the
element status.

Invalid test
configuration

No FRUs failed. Check cartridge configuration.

Exerciser unrecovered error

Check that the cartridge configuration (number and
location) are correct for the test you are doing.
No FRUs failed. Exerciser had an unrecovered
error.
Rerun exerciser.
If exerciser fails again— access the recovery log.
Recovery log is available only through the SCSI
interface. Use the DOSDASS2 utility available
through Hewlett-Packard. Refer to Appendix B for
order information.
(continued on next page)

4–24 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

Table 4–1 (Cont.) Hardware Error Codes and Recovery Procedures
Hardware
Error Code
(Hex.)
5A

Error Description

Recovery Procedures

Invalid test
configuration
(elements reserved)

No FRUs failed. Can’t do the selected test on a
reserved cartridge.

Initialize Element
Status command
failed

No FRUs failed. The initialization of an element
status failed.

Check cartridge reservations.
Rerun the test.

Rerun initialization.
If initialization fails again— access the recovery
log. Recovery log is available only through the SCSI
interface. Use the DOSDASS2 utility available
through Hewlett-Packard. Refer to Appendix B for
order information.

Shipping diagnostic
run with cartridges
in autochanger
mechanism

No FRUs failed. Shipping warning.
Take all disks out of the optical drive mechanism.

CALIBRATION SENSOR SYSTEM ERRORS
60

Home sensor failed
(leadscrew side)

Run test 51 – Carriage/Picker Assy Calibration—
verify failure.

Home sensor failed
(non-leadscrew side)

Run test 51 – Carriage/Picker Assy Calibration—
verify failure.

Home sensor failed
(leadscrew side near
mailslot)

Run test 51 – Carriage/Picker Assy Calibration—
verify failure.

Home sensor failed
(non-leadscrew side
near mailslot)

Run test 51—Carriage/Picker Assy Calibration—
verify failure.

PATH-CLEAR SENSOR SYSTEM ERRORS
64

Intermittent pathclear sensor beam
(leadscrew side)

Run test 51—Carriage/Picker Assy Calibration—
verify failure.

Intermittent pathclear sensor beam
(non-leadscrew side)

Run test 51—Carriage/Picker Assy Calibration—
verify failure.
(continued on next page)

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–25

Table 4–1 (Cont.) Hardware Error Codes and Recovery Procedures
Hardware
Error Code
(Hex.)

Error Description

Recovery Procedures

Path physically
blocked (leadscrew
side)

Run test 51—Carriage/Picker Assy Calibration—
verify failure.

Path physically
blocked (nonleadscrew side)

Run test 51—Carriage/Picker Assy Calibration—
verify failure.

Path-clear LED
failed (leadscrew
side)

Run test 51—Carriage/Picker Assy Calibration—
verify failure.

Path-clear LED
failed (non-leadscrew
side)

Run test 51—Carriage/Picker Assy Calibration—
verify failure.

Path-clear sensor
failed (leadscrew
side)

Run test 51—Carriage/Picker Assy Calibration—
verify failure.

Path-clear sensor
failed (non-leadscrew
side)

Run test 51—Carriage/Picker Assy Calibration—
verify failure.

Path-clear sensor
system failed

Run test 51—Carriage/Picker Assy Calibration—
verify failure.

MAILSLOT/STORAGE SLOT ERRORS
Check for loose labels or other obstructions in
errors that involve the mailslot (B0-B2).
B0

Mailslot will not
rotate

Run test 17—Mailslot I/O Test—verify failure.

Inside mailslot
sensor failed

Run test 17—Mailslot Sensor Test—verify failure.

Mailslot will not
accept or release
cartridge

Run test 17—Mailslot I/O Test—verify failure.

Check for loose labels or other obstructions
in errors B3 and B4. Also, make sure that the
storage slots are not skewed.
(continued on next page)

4–26 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

Table 4–1 (Cont.) Hardware Error Codes and Recovery Procedures
Hardware
Error Code
(Hex.)

Error Description

Recovery Procedures

Storage slot will not
accept or release
cartridge

Run test 15—Storage Slot Test—verify failure.

Outside mailslot
sensor failed

Run test 17 – Mailslot I/O—verify failure.

DRIVE ERRORS
The autochanger only checks for the PRESENCE
of a drive. To run complete drive tests requires an
external diagnostic.
On drive error codes, check all cabling to/from the
drive for:
no broken wires
no worn cables
no loose connections
Check the drive tray.
B8

Drive 1 access error

Run test 16—Drive I/O Test – verify failure.

Drive 2 access error

Run test 16—Drive I/O Test – verify failure.

DRIVE EJECT ERRORS
BC

Drive 1 access failure

Run test 16—Drive I/O Test – verify failure.

Drive 2 access failure

Run test 16—Drive I/O Test – verify failure.
(continued on next page)

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–27

Table 4–1 (Cont.) Hardware Error Codes and Recovery Procedures
FRU DETECTION TEST ERRORS
Check carriage/picker for free motion. The
carriage should travel easily along the rails;
you should be able to smoothly translate the
picker across the carriage.
You should be able to easily flip the picker
using the picker belt.
C8

Unable to gain
proper servo control
of motors

Run test 60—FRU Isolation Test—verify failure.
Replace the FRU(s) if necessary.

Unable to move
picker motor

Run test 60—FRU Isolation Test—verify failure.

Unable to move
carriage motor

Run test 60—FRU Isolation Test—verify failure.

Unable to move
either motor

Run test 60—FRU Isolation Test—verify failure.

Unable to find a hard
stop while turning
the picker motor

Run test 60—FRU Isolation Test—verify failure.

Unable to find a hard
stop while turning
the carriage motor

Run test 60—FRU Isolation Test—verify failure.

Excessive force
needed to move the
carriage leadscrew

Run test 60—FRU Isolation Test—verify failure.

MISCELLANEOUS ERRORS
FB

Door interlock open

The test can only be
run from the control
panel or from the
RS-232 interface

The test can only be
run from the SCSI
interface

The test did not run

Invalid test number

4–28 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

Probably a configuration error

4.6.2 Additional Explanation of Some Hardware Error Codes

Error Codes

Explanation

Controlled area of RAM checksum error.
All of the RAM on the autochanger controller board has battery backup, but not all of it needs to be retained upon power loss. The portion
of the RAM which needs to be valid at poweron is referred to as
"Controlled RAM". The stored checksum is re-calculated on this area
every time the "Controlled RAM" is modified. The checksum is verified
by Test #32. Error 05H is returned any time the calculated checksum
does not match the stored checksum. To reset the checksum, clear
Configuration 16 using the control panel and switch the autochanger
off and on again.
This error is deemed to be so unacceptable that all autochanger
function is halted. The motors are turned off and the SCSI bus is
not accessed.

Firmware error
There are three conditions where this code is used:

1. case statement which falls through
2. stack overflow
3. divide by zero
In case 1, the error code is returned over SCSI to the host. In cases 2
and 3, the motors shut down, the processor halts.
43-4C

Refer to Offline Diagnostics for Hewlett-Packard Optical Storage
Products. Refer to Appendix B for order information.

Excess upward droop on picker.

Excess downward droop on picker.
"Droop" is the distance between where the end of a perfectly
perpendicular picker (in relationship to the carriage) would be, and
where the end of this picker is MEASURED to be. If the picker droops
down too far, it will not be able to engage the mailslot correctly. It will
first engage the translate pin and move across, rather than out.

Excessive cone angle on picker.
If the sum of the upward droop on one side of the picker plus the
downward droop on the other side of the picker is too great for proper
operation, this error is returned.

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–29

Error Codes

Explanation

Excessive stack tilt.
The height of each side of the autochanger, or "stack", is the height
of each of the two sensors. Tilt is the measure of the difference of the
heights of the sides. If the tilt is too great for proper operation, this
error is returned.

At power up, unable to complete an interrupted move.
If a move was interrupted by a power failure, at the next poweron
the autochanger will attempt to return the library to the state it
was in before that command was issued. This error is returned if
all the poweron tests pass, but the autochanger is unable to put the
cartridge(s) back.

B8-BF

Drive Errors.
Errors B8 through BB appear when a drive cannot come to a READY
state.
Errors BC through BF appear if there is a problem either inserting or
ejecting a cartridge. These errors also occur when either the drive eject
mechanism has failed or the drive eject-control solenoid will not allow
the cartridge to come out and be grabbed by the picker.

Unable to close the loops on the motors.
When this error occurs, the FRU Isolation code has already confirmed
that the motors and encoders appear functional. But, for some reason,
the servo system is unable to initiate proper control. This condition is
rare.

CC
CD

Unable to find a hard stop while turning the picker motor.
Unable to find a hard stop while turning the carriage leadscrew motor.
The FRU Isolation code checks for the presence of the belts by turning
the motors until the mechanical system hits something. These errors
are returned if the motors continue to spin longer than the maximum
expected distances.

4–30 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

4.7 Error Information through SCSI Commands
When there are errors in autochanger movements, two main approaches are
available to get information and to run exerciser tests. The approach usually
depends on whether the error encountered was a hard error or whether it was a
soft or intermittent error.
•

Troubleshooting Using the Control Panel and Observation - This method is
usually used in situations where you have a hard error.

•

Troubleshooting Through the SCSI Bus - This method is used in situations
where you have a soft or intermittent error.

Using data on the SCSI bus, you can determine exactly what the autochanger
was doing when a failure occurred; all the way down to the macro-move and
micro-moves.
Also, through the Log Sense and Request Sense commands, you can gather
information on the optical drives; which cannot be done through the control
panel.
Refer to Appendix A for information on decoding VMS error logs and SCSI-2 error
codes.
Figure 4–4 Information and Tests Through the SCSI Bus

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–31

An external utility is needed to read the data on the SCSI bus. Hewlett-Packard
offers a diagnostic utility called DOSDASS2 that provides this capability. This
utility is not offered to the field. It is available from Hewlett-Packard or Digital
CSC. Refer to Appendix B for order information.

4.8 Diagnostics
Several diagnostic programs and tests are available for the disk library. This
chapter gives information on how to run these tests/programs or where to find
this information.
The main type of diagnostic available for the disk library are internal diagnostics.
These tests are run from the control panel and are divided into four groups:
sequence tests, exerciser tests, electronic core tests, and mechanism core tests.
These tests are fully explained in Section 4.9. Instruction for running these tests
are provided in this chapter.

4.8.1 Offline Diagnostics
A diagnostic utility called DOSDASS2 is available from Hewlett-Packard for
accessing the optical disk library through the SCSI bus.
DOSDASS2 fully exercises either standalone multifunction optical drives or
autochangers that contain multifunction optical drives. Information for getting
and using DOSDASS2 is found in Appendix B.

4.8.2 Internal Diagnostic Tests
An extensive set of internal diagnostic tests is available for the autochanger.
Except for the poweron sequence test, the running of tests is not automatic. The
operator may initiate each test from the control panel.
A test is actually a sequence of separate tests that are called and run in series.
Each test exercises a specific portion of the autochanger. Each test is identified
by a test number that is requested when the test is to be run. Tests return either
PASS or FAIL.
All the tests are combined into groups of similar functions.
Sequence Tests (1 - 9) execute sequences of individual tests within the range of
test 10 through test 69. Sequences may be used to either test many portions of
the autochanger or as an autochanger exerciser. When a sequence test is selected,
the autochanger executes the test s in sequence until an error occurs or until the
sequence successfully completes.
Exerciser Tests (10 - 29) do simple autochanger mechanism moves to check out
elementary functions.

4–32 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

Electronics Core Tests (30 - 49) run basic tests of the autochanger controller PCA.
Autochanger Mechanism Core Tests (50 - 75) run basic tests of the autochanger
mechanism. These tests make combinations of moves that can help to detect the
source of failures.
Instructions for running these tests are given in the following section. A complete
listing of diagnostic tests can be found in Section 4.9.
Procedure for Running Tests
1. With READY displayed, press OPTION . TEST * displays.
2. Press ENTER . TEST 0 displays.
3. Press NEXT or PREV until the needed test number displays.
4. When you press ENTER for the chosen test, ONCE displays.
You may accept ONCE by pressing ENTER or press NEXT or PREV to choose 10,
100, 1000, or LOOP test repetition times.

LOOP indicates that the test runs continuously until CANCEL is pressed or the
unit is switched off.

Note
All tests except test 39 may be stopped by pressing CANCEL . The current
test iteration completes. To stop test 39, press CANCEL twice.

5. Once you press ENTER for the number of test iterations, TESTING displays.
6. The test runs. If no problems a re-encountered, the message FAIL ## displays.
Press ENTER to gain information about the failure. An ERROR ## displays.
Relevant information is stored in the autochanger Error Log (Log 0).
Press CANCEL or OPTION to exit this display.

4.9 Diagnostic Test Command Descriptions
The following is a description of the diagnostic test commands. Sequences may
combine both exercisers and tests.

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–33

Sequence Tests
Table 4–2 Sequence Tests
No.

Test Name

Description

Poweron

Checks all digital data paths and normal machine
operation. This test runs the same sequence of TESTS
as when initiated by an actual power on, but does NOT do
all operations (see below).
Sequence Order:
3 - Controller Test
40 - Power Supply Test
– Motor Connection Test (no number)
5 - Initialize Mechanism
46 - Board Configuration
– Restore (if needed). If power failed in the middle
of a move, the autochanger tries a "restore" of the
last move. The autochanger tries to put the cartridge
back to where it came from. This attempt could fail
(Poweron sequence would fail). POWERON ONLY.
10 - Initialize Element Status (if needed).
38 - "Light Show" in the indicators of the control
panel.
– Mailslot rotation (if not secured). This rotation
could fail(Poweron sequence would fail). POWERON
ONLY.

Wellness Test

Checks out the general capability of the autochanger.
Needs one loaded cartridge; drives and mailslot empty.
(continued on next page)

4–34 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

Table 4–2 (Cont.) Sequence Tests
No.

Test Name

Description

Controller Test

This sequence is run by the autochanger controller at
poweron to check out all paths, and operation of the servo
motor and autochanger circuitry.
Sequence Order:
30 - Processor Test
31 - ROM Checksum Test
33 - Non-Destructive RAM Test
32 - RAM Checksum Test
34 - SCSI Interface Controller IC Test
36 - Motor Control IC Test
35 - Multi-Function Peripheral IC Test
31 - ROM Checksum Test
33 - Non-Destructive RAM Test
32 - RAM Checksum Test
34 - SCSI Interface Controller IC Test
36 - Motor Control IC Test
35 - Multi-Function Peripheral IC Test
37 - Drive Connect Test

Initialize
Mechanism

Prepares the unit for movement.
Sequence Order:
Initialize RAM variables to defaults
50 - Find Home

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–35

Table 4–3 Exerciser Tests
No.

Test Name

Description

Initialize Element
Status

Does the same function as the SCSI Initialize Element
Status command. It physically scans the entire unit to
determine which storage slots and drives have disks.

Mechanism
Exercise Test

Makes a combination of moves with a PASS/FAIL result.
This exerciser is a sequence of other exerciser tests—12,
13, 14, 15, 16, and 17. This exerciser returns an error code
#57H Invalid Configuration if there are no cartridges
loaded into the unit, or if any drive is full. Needs one
loaded cartridge.

Carriage/Picker
Move Test

Moves the carriage/picker assembly the full length of the
rails with the picker on first one side, then the other.
Returns PASS/FAIL. No cartridges are required.

Translate Test

Makes a combination of moves with a PASS/FAIL
result. It does several translations from various starting
positions. No cartridges are required.

Flip Test

Makes a combination of moves with a PASS/FAIL result.
It does several flips at various locations. No cartridges are
required.

Storage Slot Test

Makes a combination of moves with a PASS/FAIL result.
It moves a cartridge from a randomly-chosen full to a
randomly-chosen empty slot, with a random flip. It then
moves the cartridge back to its original storage slot with
its original orientation. This exerciser returns an error
code 57H, Invalid Configuration, if there are no
cartridges loaded into the unit or if all storage slots are
full. Needs one loaded cartridge.

Drive I/O Test

Makes a combination of moves with a PASS/FAIL result.
It moves a cartridge from a randomly-chosen full slot to
a drive, with a random flip. It then moves the cartridge
back to its original slot with its original orientation. It
does this once for each optical drive. Returns an error
code 57H, Invalid Configuration, if there are no
cartridges loaded into the unit or if any drive is loaded.
Needs one loaded cartridge; drives must be empty.
(continued on next page)

4–36 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

Table 4–3 (Cont.) Exerciser Tests
No.

Test Name

Description

Mailslot I/O

Makes a combination of moves with a PASS/FAIL
result. It moves a cartridge from the lowest-numbered
full slot to the mailslot with a random flip. It then
moves the cartridge back to its original slot with its
original orientation. Returns error code 57H, Invalid
Configuration if there are no cartridges loaded into the
unit or if the mailslot is full. Needs one loaded cartridge;
mailslot must be empty.

Speed Factor
Setting Utility

Allows the setting of the speed factor as the first
parameter given. The speed factor determines how fast
the system moves the mechanics. The number provides
1/Parameter speed (e.g., Parameter=3 runs the motors at
1/3 of full speed). This test can only be run from the
SCSI Interface.

Zero Maximum
Force Log

The maximum force log is initialized to all zeros.

Set Speed Factor to
Full Speed

Allows the mechanics to be run at full speed.

Set Speed Factor to
Half Speed

Allows the mechanics to be run at half speed.

Set Speed Factor to
Quarter Speed

Allows the mechanics to be run at quarter speed.

Shipping

Moves the picker to the appropriate position for
preparation for shipping.

Fill Picker

Moves a cartridge into the picker from the first storage
slot.

Empty Picker

Moves a cartridge from the picker to the first empty
storage slot.

Zero Runtime Log

The entire runtime log is initialized to all zeros.

Set Minimum
Retries

This sets the number of retries to 1. This may be set to
see if the chosen test is doing what you want it to do.
After you are satisfied that the test is what you want,
run test 28 which resets the number of retries to default
values.

Set to Default
Number of Retries

Resets the number of retries to powerup default values.
Used after setting retries to 1 by test 27.

Zero Error Log

Zeroes the Error Log.

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–37

4.9.1 Electronic Core Tests

Table 4–4 Electronic Core Tests
No.

Test Name

Description

Microprocessor
Operation Test

Does a functional check of the microprocessor. This test
must shut down the servo system; a Initialize Mechanism
Test is run when this test finishes.

ROM Checksum
Test

Does a checksum verification of the ROM.

RAM Checksum
Test

A checksum of the "Controlled" area of RAM is kept on a
continuous basis. This test verifies that the checksum is
still valid.

Non-Destructive
RAM Test

Tests all the controller’s RAM, checking for data
acceptance and retention. The test is non-destructive
to RAM unless interrupted by power failure. To run
correctly, this test must shut down the servo system; as
a result, a Initialize Mechanism Test runs when this test
finishes.

SCSI Interface
Controller Chip
Test

Checks out operations of the SCSI interface controller
chip. This test will not be run if initiated via SCSI, it
reports PASS.

Multi-Function
Peripheral Chip
Test

Tests the functionality of the Multi-Function Peripheral
chip. It verifies the timer by comparing it to he CPU clock
and tests RS-232 capabilities with an on-chip loopback.

Motor Control Chip
Test

Exercises the registers of the motor control IC. To run
correctly, this test shuts down the servo system.

Drive Connect Test

Checks for expected drive configuration. This is done by
polling the drive connect signal on each of the possible
drives. This line is grounded at the drive end if a drive is
connected. If the drives physically connected do not match
the expected configuration, then an error is reported.

Control Panel Light
Show

Lights each portion of the display individually and then
together. No feedback; always passes.

Control Panel
Button Check

Displays the name of the button pressed. Press CANCEL
twice to exit.
(continued on next page)

4–38 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

Table 4–4 (Cont.) Electronic Core Tests
No.

Test Name

Description

Power Supply Test

Looks at both the 12-Volt and the 24-Volt power supplies
to verify that they are within limits. The limits for the
12V supply are 11V and 13V and the 24V supply limits
are 23.5V and 25.5V.

SCSI Connector
Loopback Test
(interactive)

Runs a loopback through SCSI connectors, checking
proper operation of the SCSI drivers, receivers, and cables.
Requires an external loopback hood with terminator
power. Will not run if initiated via SCSI; if so, it reports
error FCH Test Did Not Run.

Optical Sensor Test
(and Mailslot)
(interactive)

Checks the status of the two optical sensors. Also checks
the status of the Mailslot sensor (see test 43). Three "0"s
are placed on the control panel display; one at the left
position in the display, one in the middle of the display,
and one at the right position in the display. The mark is
an open zero if the sensor is not blocked, and a zero filled
in with lit segments if a sensor is blocked. No FRU is
returned.

Mailslot Sensor
Test (and Optical
Sensor)
(interactive)

See description for test 42.

Find Home
Sequence

Moves the picker to a known "home" spot. This test
assumes nothing about the state of the mechanics. The
"home" location is at the lower left position of the box. The
servo system is initialized to the "home" location. It then
automatically runs test 51.

Carriage /Picker
Assembly
Calibration Test

Runs the portion of the mechanism recalibration related
to the optical sensors. It measures sensor offsets and
calculates picker tilt and droop. This test assumes that
the mechanics and servo system are functional.

FRU Isolation Test

Assumes that something has physically failed, either
electronic or mechanical. A series of special low level tests
are run to select the three (or fewer) FRUs that are most
likely to be at fault. Tests 30, 31, 33, 35, 36, 40, and 50
are executed as a part of the isolation process. Returns an
error code, three suspect FRUs in decreasing order of fault
probability, and a time stamp.
(continued on next page)

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–39

Table 4–4 (Cont.) Electronic Core Tests
No.

Test Name

Description

Calibrate
Magazines

Calculates a min/max clearance for a magazine. (The
selected magazine should be empty.) The autochanger
requires a disk in the mailslot. The test passes if
clearance is 85 encoder counts (1 mm) up and down.
(See info 23 for actual values.)
If this test is run by SCSI command, set Byte 1 to the
magazine number. (Models 10C and 20T contain 2
magazines; Models 20C and 40T contain 4 magazines.)
The test returns: PASS or FAIL.

Clear Magazine
Offset

Clears the value calculated in test 65.

Calibrate Mailslot

Calculates an offset for the Mailslot. The Autochanger
requires a disk in the Mailslot.

Clear Mailslot
Offset

Clears the value calculated in test 67.

70 74

Reserved

For design/production use only.

UPS Test

Tests whether or not the UPS is connected properly.
The test returns PASS if connected properly, FAIL if
the UPS is not connected properly or if there is no UPS
connected.

76 80

Reserved

For design/production use only.

4–40 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

4.10 The FIND HOME Sequence
The following FIND HOME sequence executes all the motions used in normal
autochanger operation. Understanding the motions explained here, and the likely
errors during these motions, should help you diagnose problems that may be
occurring in the unit you are working on.
The following sequence lists each large movement in the FIND HOME sequence.
If there is a problem during a movement, the most likely hardware error is listed
after the movement in decending order of probability.
Hardware error numbers and recovery procedures are listed in Table 4–1.
Figure 4–5 shows the sequence graphically. The numbers of the following steps
correspond to the numbers on the diagram.
Note
When running the FIND HOME sequence, you will be able to see what
the mechanism was attempting when an error occurred by setting
RETRIES to 1 (Test 27). When limited to a single execution, the
autochanger is prevented from entering any error recovery sequences. If
you want to examine movements more closely, set the speed to half or
quarter speed (Test 21 or Test 22).
Possible errors are not accessable or displayed through the control panel.
Errors returned are micro-move errors. Micro-move errors are explaned
in Section 6.1.1.

Note
Errors are expressed in hexadecimal format.

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–41

1. Clear the picker of any obstructions that would prevent carriage/picker
movement.
a. Possible error:
40–Unable to free the picker fingers in preparation for carriage motion.
Figure 4–5 The "FIND HOME" Sequence (deskside orientation shown)

Mail Slot

Storage Slot

Drive

2
3

4 5

Looking toward front panel from inside chassis.

4–42 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

2. Clear an area large enough to enable a flip to take place.
a. Possible error:
44–Carriage motion failure during the Find Home sequence.
3. Initialize the picker fingers by pulling the fingers back to a hard stop.
a. Possible error:
45–Unable to free the picker fingers in preparation for translate motion.
4. Initialize the carriage/picker position by moving it toward the drive-end of the
until it hits a hard stop.
a. Possible error:
46–Carriage motion failed while initializing Home position during Find
Home sequence.
5. Translate to the non-leadscrew side.
a. Possible error:
47–Translate failed while moving toward the non-leadscrew side during
the Find Home sequence.
6. Verify Home position by looking at the sensor.
a. Possible error #1:
41–Unable to verify that the picker is at the home position during Find
Home sequence (non-leadscrew side). (Could be a bad sensor.)
b. Possible error #2:
61–Optical sensor failed (non-leadscrew side - near drives)
7. Re-initialize the picker fingers by pulling the fingers back to a hard stop (this
position may have been lost in the preceding step). (A slow slip occurs.)
a. Possible error:
45–Unable to free the picker fingers in preparation for translate motion.
8. Translate the picker to the leadscrew side. Then move the carriage/picker
assembly to the maximum distance away from the drives.
a. Possible error:
48–Carriage motion failed during carriage/picker assembly calibration
(leadscrew side).

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–43

9. Determine if there is a cartridge in the picker by plunging the fingers against
a hard stop.
a. Possible error:
4D–Motion error while checking for a cartridge in the picker
10. Find orientation of the picker using the sendor on the leadscrew side.
a. Possible error #1:
4A–Motion error while determining the orientation of the picker.
b. Possible error #2:
4C–Failed flip motion during Find Home sequence.
c.

Possible error #3:
60–Optical sensor failed (leadscrew side)

11. Calibrate the end of the picker with respect to the sensor on the leadscrew
side. (Do twice, on each side of the picker, to make sure.)
a. Possible error #1:
48–Carriage motion failed during carriage/picker assembly calibration
(non-leadscrew side).
b. Possible error #2:
4C–Failed flip motion during Find Home sequence.
c.

Possible error #3:
60–Optical sensor failed (leadscrew side)

12. Calibrate the end of the picker with respect to the sensor on the nonleadscrew side. (Do twice, on each side of the picker, to make sure.)
a. Possible error #1:
49–Carriage motion failed during carriage/picker assembly calibration
(non-leadscrew side).
b. Possible error #2:
4C–Failed flip motion during Find Home sequence.
c.

Possible error #3:
61–Optical sensor failed (non-leadscrew side)

13. Translate to the non-leadscrew side. Then move the carriage/picker to the
maximum distance away from the drives.
a. Possible error:

4–44 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

49–Carriage motion failed during carriage/picker assembly calibration
(non-leadscrew side)
14. If the picker leadscrew is NOT facing toward the mailslot actuator arm, the
carriage/picker moves toward the drives a short distance and flips once.
a. Possible error:
4C–Failed flip motion during Find Home sequence.
These steps are repeated, in order, until all pass or until any four failures
accumulate. If four failures occur, the errors are diagnosed to three FRUs and a
hardware error code is reported.

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–45

4.11 Micro-Move Reference Table for Viewing FIND
HOME Sequence
Table 4–5 RW510/RW511/RW530 Micro-Move ID Table
Move ID
(hex)

Description

No motion; no commands pending.

Carriage motion; full speed; away from drives.

Carriage motion; full speed; toward the drives.

Carriage motion ; move fingers forward during full speed; away from the
drives.

Carriage motion; move fingers forward during full speed; toward the drives.

Full speed finger motion.

Pull fingers back to depress flip button.

Flip.

Verify flip complete.

Push fingers out to release flip button.

Translate picker from non-leadscrew to leadscrew side.

Translate picker from leadscrew to non-leadscrew side.

Verify picker translated from non-leadscrew to leadscrew side.

Verify picker translated from leadscrew to non-leadscrew side.

Release forces after translating picker from non-leadscrew to leadscrew side.

Release forces after translating picker from leadscrew to non-leadscrew side.

Move fingers toward storage slot; with intent to grab cartridge.

Detect cartridge in storage slot before grab, and during Initialize Element
Status.

Take up the slack in the fingers before retracting all of the way back with
cartridge.

Pull fingers back from storage slot with cartridge.

Move fingers forward to insert cartridge into storage slot.

Detect cartridge in storage slot after insert.

Pull fingers back from storage slot after releasing cartridge.
(continued on next page)

4–46 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

Table 4–5 (Cont.) RW510/RW511/RW530 Micro-Move ID Table
Move ID
(hex)

Description

Move fingers toward drive; prepare to grab cartridge.

No motion; waiting for drive to eject the cartridge.

Carriage shake; to assist the cartridge ejected from the drive to slide into the
picker.

Move fingers toward drive; with intent to grab cartridge.

Pull fingers back from drive with cartridge.

Insert cartridge into drive, until slider engages.

Insert cartridge into drive, after slider is engaged.

Move fingers with cartridge toward drive, determining distance of cartridge in
drive. Look for drive to accept cartridge.

Drive failed to accept cartridge, pull fingers back with cartridge.

Drive accepted cartridge, release cartridge and pull fingers back.

Carriage motion during mailslot access.

Move fingers toward mailslot; with intent to grab cartridge.

Detect cartridge in mailslot before grab.

Take up the slack in the fingers before retracting all the way back with
cartridge.

Pull fingers back from mailslot with cartridge.

Carriage motion during mailslot access.

Move fingers forward to insert cartridge into mailslot.

Detect cartridge in mailslot after insert.

Pull fingers back from mailslot after releasing cartridge.

Move leadscrew tab toward mailslot actuator arm before pulling mailslot in.

Carriage motion toward actuator arm where mailslot is engaged before pulling
mailslot in.

Move leadscrew tab to mailslot actuator arm before pushing mailslot out.

Carriage motion toward actuator arm where mailslot is engaged before
pushing mailslot out.

Rotate the mailslot when rotational position unknown.

Release tension on the rotate arm.
(continued on next page)

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–47

Table 4–5 (Cont.) RW510/RW511/RW530 Micro-Move ID Table
Move ID
(hex)

Description

Release tension on the rotate arm.

Rotate the mailslot.

Verify the rotation of the mailslot is complete.

Rotate the mailslot when rotational position unknown.

Check for a cartridge in the picker, same motion is used to check for a
cartridge in mailslot or storage slot when picker contains a cartridge.

Pull fingers back during test for a cartridge.

Move fingers at full speed during test for a cartridge.

Positioning before and after test for a cartridge in drive.

Check for a cartridge in the drive.

Move carriage to drive bang position.

Verify the presence of a cartridge by pressing cartridge against drive face.

Short carriage motion to check for cartridge sticking out of a storage slot after
insertion (toward drives).

Short carriage motion to check for cartridge sticking out of a storage slot after
insertion (away from drives).

Short carriage motion to check for cartridge sticking out of a drive after
insertion (toward drives).

Short carriage motion to check for cartridge sticking out of a drive after
insertion (away from drives).

Short carriage motion to check for cartridge sticking out of a drive during
error recovery (toward, then away from drives).

Translate slowly to leadscrew side in FIND HOME sequence.

Short translate after finding leadscrew side (toward non-leadscrew side).

Short carriage motion after finding leadscrew side of machine (away from
drives).

Carriage motion toward drives; looking for hard stop in FIND HOME
sequence.

Release forces after finding hard stop.
(continued on next page)

4–48 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

Table 4–5 (Cont.) RW510/RW511/RW530 Micro-Move ID Table
Move ID
(hex)

Description

Carriage motion away from drives; finding room to flip in FIND HOME
sequence.

Fast carriage motion toward drives to flip position.

Carriage motion toward drives finding room to flip in FIND HOME sequence.

Fast carriage motion when flip area found in needed direction.

Slow flips during FIND HOME sequence.

Push fingers slowly out of picker after flips in FIND HOME sequence.

Check for picker belts in FRU isolation tests, or slow finger motions during
error recovery.

Carriage motion toward drives; looking for hardstop before measuring
carriage travel.

Verify the maximum required carriage travel from drives.

Test for presence of cartridge by pushing against hard stop.

Long carriage motion during carriage/picker assembly calibration.

Short carriage motion during carriage/picker assembly calibration. (Fine
measure)

Error occurred while inserting cartridge, push cartridge farther into storage
slot.

Move fingers toward storage slot; during storage slot recovery.

Pull fingers back from storage slot; during storage slot recovery.

Carriage motion; during drive recovery.

Carriage motion; during storage slot recovery.

Carriage motion; during drive insert recovery.

Slowly push fingers out then in during drive recovery.

Drive recovery.

Short carriage motions during drive recovery (wiggle motion).

Long carriage motion in drive recovery (toward, then away from drives).

Drive recovery, restore Z-axis in case of unexpected translate.

Pull fingers back into picker during recovery.
(continued on next page)

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–49

Table 4–5 (Cont.) RW510/RW511/RW530 Micro-Move ID Table
Move ID
(hex)

Description

Pull fingers back from storage slot during storage slot recovery.

Carriage motion while testing for cartridge in drive during drive insert
recovery.

Pull back fingers from drive after releasing cartridge during recovery.

Move fingers with cartridge towards drive, using short steps, look for drive to
accept the cartridge during recovery.

Carriage motion during initial recovery (away from drives).

Carriage motion during initial recovery (toward drives).

Push fingers out of picker during initial recovery.

Pull fingers back into picker during initial recovery.

Carriage motion during initial recovery (away from drives).

Carriage motion during initial recovery (toward drives).

Checking for carriage motor belt in FRU isolation test.

4–50 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

4.12 Information Logs
The logs listed in Table 4–6 are accessible from the control panel by using the
INFO option.
Table 4–6 Information Logs (INFO Logs)
No.

Log Name

Description

Autochanger Error
Log

The autochanger maintains a time-stamped history of
past diagnostic test errors that have occurred within the
autochanger. The error message maintained for each error
indicates the failure and the possible Field Replaceable
Units (FRUs) that may have caused the failure.
Displays as follows:
Err n y - nth error; actual error code
FRU A - suspect FRU #1
FRU B - suspect FRU #2
FRU C - suspect FRU #3
Test n - test that failed
abcdefgh - time stamp

Firmware Version
Number

Displays the current autochanger firmware version
number.
(continued on next page)

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–51

Table 4–6 (Cont.) Information Logs (INFO Logs)
No.

Log Name

Description

Element Status

Displays the status (empty or full) of the selected
autochanger element.
Displays three numbers:
First Number = Element number
0 = picker
1 = drive 1
2 = drive 2
10 = mailslot
11 - 42 = storage slots
Second Number = Element type
1 = picker
2 = storage slot
3 = mailslot
4 = drive
Third Number = Data mask
00 = empty
01 = full

Software Clock

Displays the current "count" in seconds of the software
clock. (hexadecimal)

Drive Load Count

Displays the number of cartridge loads for either drive 1
or drive 2.

Poweron Hours

Displays the number of hours the unit has been powered
on.

The term Move
used in Logs 6 - 10
means SCSI-level
moves by the picker
mechanism.
6

Current Move
Success Count

Displays the number of successful moves since the most
recent autochanger failure.

Move Success
Average

Displays the average of the values in Log 10 - Move
Success Log.

Current Move
Retry Count

Displays the number of move retries done since the most
recent autochanger failure.
(continued on next page)

4–52 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

Table 4–6 (Cont.) Information Logs (INFO Logs)
No.

Log Name

Description

Total Move Count

Displays the total number of moves and move attempts.

Move Success Log

Contains the number of successful moves that have
occurred without a failure. Each time a failure occurs,
the number of good moves is entered into the log and a
new count is started. This INFO display shows the most
recent 10 (or less) entries in the log. This log also shows
the retry counts corresponding to each log entry.
Example (2 displays for each entity):
1

33482
3

First display: 1 = entry number and
33482 = number of moves
Second display: 3 = number of retries
11

Display Runtime
Log

Flashes to each display until CANCEL is pressed.

Display Flip Count

Displays total number of picker flips.

Display Translate
Count

Displays total number of picker translates.

Display Mailslot
Rotation Count

Displays total number of mailslot rotations.

Number of Drives

Displays the number of disk drives in the unit.

Drive #1 SCSI
Address

Displays drive #1’s SCSI address.

Drive #2 SCSI
Address

Displays drive #2’s SCSI address.

Sensor Height

Displays the measured height of the picker sensor.
(hexadecimal)

A - Moves done
B - Retries
C - Automatic recoveries
D - Hard errors

(continued on next page)

Troubleshooting/Diagnostics 4–53

Table 4–6 (Cont.) Information Logs (INFO Logs)
No.

Log Name

Description

Picker Cone Angle

Displays the measured picker cone angle from the nominal
position. (hexadecimal)
The cone angle is the sum of the upward droop on one side
of the picker plus the downward droop on the other side of
the picker.

Stack Tilt

Displays the measured stack tilt of the box. (hexadecimal)
The height of each side of the autochanger, or "stack", is
the height of each of the two sensors. Tilt is the measure
of the difference of the heights of the sides.

Right & Left Stack
Offset

Displays left/right stack offset.

Magazine 1

Magazine 2

LEFToffsetRIGHToffset (hexadecimal)

Magazine 3

Example:

Magazine 4

00DC0028 = 220, 40
FFEC0014 = -20, 20

4–54 Troubleshooting/Diagnostics

5
Removal and Replacement
5.1 Field-Replaceable Assemblies
This chapter explains the procedures to remove damaged or nonfunctional
components of the disk library system, and then to replace these components with
new ones. The servicing of components is organized as follows:
•

power supply

•

autochanger controller PCA

•

SCSI repeater PCA

•

autochanger controller PCA code

•

MO drive code

•

MO dirves

•

carriage/picker assembly

•

carriage motor

•

carriage leadscrew

•

picker motor

•

leadscrew-side carriage way (rail)

•

mailslot assembly

•

power supply fan

•

interconnect PCA

Removal and Replacement 5–1

5.2 ESD Precautions
The optical disk library contains very sensitive electrical components. It is
EXTREMELY IMPORTANT that you follow the proper procedures for preventing
ESD (Electrostatic Discharge). Use wrist-grounding straps, anti-static mats, and
anti-static work stations when removing and replacing the major assemblies.
CAUTION
Failure to follow proper procedures could lead to intermittent failures
and/or premature hard failures in the disk controller and mechanism.

5.3 Tools Required
–

#7, #10, #15, Torx®;

–

#2 Pozidriv with at least a 10-inch shank (picker removal)

–

Medium slot-blade screwdriver

–

3/16- and 7/64-inch Allen wrenches

–

7/16-inch socket or box-end wrench (or crescent wrench)
Note
The deskside option orientation is used in most explanations of
disassembly and re-assembly. If access or parts are different between the
deskside and rackmount options, these differences are noted.

5–2 Removal and Replacement

5.4 Assembly/Disassembly Procedures
WARNING
Be sure to disconnect the power cord before taking the disk library apart
to prevent possible electrical shock.

CAUTION
Do not press the optical disk library operation switch to standby or
unplug the AC power cord until you are sure that the SCSI bus is
inactive. Either selecting standby mode on the operation switch or
unplugging the power cord when the SCSI bus is active can cause data
loss and/or indeterminate bus states. (Check the host system reference
manuals for information on checking the status of the SCSI bus.)

CAUTION
If you will be working on or around the disk magazines, record the slot
location and orientation of each cartridge to make sure that the disks can
be restored to their original positions if moved.
Always return disks to their original slot and orientation before returning
control back to the customer. Serious loss of system integrity will result if
this practice is not followed.

5.4.1 Service Access
Keep the following information in mind when servicing an optical disk library
system.
WARNING
The magneto-optical drive mechanisms in the autochanger
become Class 3B laser mechanisms when disassembled. If a
drive is disassembled, exposure to the invisible laser beam and
hazardous invisible laser radiation could result in blindness.

Removal and Replacement 5–3

CAUTION
DO NOT disassemble the drive mechanisms. A drive that has been
disassembled will not be accepted as an exchange assembly.

5.4.2 Deskside option—Removing the Cabinet, Rear Cover, and
Front Panel
Cabinet
1. The top cover is removed by lifting it from the rear, pushing it slightly towards
the front, and lifting it off.
2. Each side panel is held at the top by two captive, slotted-head screws. Loosen
the screws and pull the panel up and away.

5–4 Removal and Replacement

Figure 5–1 Service Access

Rear Panel
The rear cover is held by two snaps at the top. Pull the top of the panel back to
release the snaps.

Removal and Replacement 5–5

Front Panel
1. The front panel bezel is held by two captive screws as shown in Figure 5–1.
2. The front panel is held by two Torx screws accessed from the rear of the front
panel display (Figure 5–2. Remove these screws and then push a screwdriver
through the center, top slot to separate the front panel from the chassis.
The front panel plastic is attached to a metal backing plate. These two pieces
should be handled as a single unit. Do not attempt to separate the pieces.
Figure 5–2 Removing the Front Panel

When re-assembling:
The mailslot door must be lowered to re-install the front panel. Manually pull
the mailslot actuator arm all the way back before placing the front panel into
position. See Figure 5–2 (1) for the location and movement of the actuator arm.

5–6 Removal and Replacement

5.4.3 Rackmount option—Accessing the Autochanger Chassis
1. Remove the rackslide handle cover by inserting a flat-blade screwdriver
between the cover and the handle (near the middle of the cover) and GENTLY
pry the cover away from the handle (Figure 5–3).
The cover is held by plastic clips near each end and in the middle. If the
cover bends but does not release, try moving the screwdriver toward an end
while continuing to pry the cover off.
Figure 5–3 Removing the Slide Handle Cover

clips behind panel

2. Unlock the slide from the rack by rotating the slotted screws on each side
of the handle AWAY from the rack vertical members (rotate the left screw
clockwise; rotate the right screw counterclockwise). Figure 5–4 shows the
right-side screw and how it is rotated to release the latch.

Removal and Replacement 5–7

Figure 5–4 Unlocking the Slide Assembly (Right Side)

3. Pull the slide out until you hear it lock into place.

5–8 Removal and Replacement

5.4.4 Rackmount option—Removing the Front Panel
1. The front panel is held by two Torx screws as shown in Figure 5–5.
2. Loosen the two screws.
WARNING
The front panel is held in place by two tabs in slots on the driveend of the chassis (right side as you face a rackmount unit). Be
careful when rotating the panel out. When the tabs rotate free
from the right side, the panel may drop.
3. Rotate the left side of the front panel outward. SUPPORT the right side of
the front panel and pull slightly to the left to free the front panel from its tab
supports.
Figure 5–5 Front Panel Mounting Screws (Rackmount Option)

Removal and Replacement 5–9

Figure 5–6 The Rear Access Panel and Power Supply

5–10 Removal and Replacement

5.4.5 Deskside and Rackmount Electronics and Mechanism
Access
•

The rear electronics access panel is the panel to the right in Figure 5–6. This
panel is held by 11 Torx (T-15) screws. The left panel shown in Figure 5–6 is
the power supply and is held by 4 Torx (T-15) screws.

•

Four Torx (T-10) screws hold the panel covering the large chassis access panel
(Figure 5–7).

•

Two Torx (T-15) screws hold each panel over the two small, rectangular access
panels . On rackmount models only one of these smaller access panels is
available while the chassis is mounted on the rackslide (Figure 5–7).

The chassis orientation depends on whether the unit is a deskside model or a
rackmount model.

Removal and Replacement 5–11

Figure 5–7 The Large and Small Chassis Access Panels

5–12 Removal and Replacement

5.4.6 Removing the Power Supply Module

CAUTION
The electronics in the autochanger are very susceptible to damage from
Electrostatic Discharge. Use ESD straps and mats to prevent damage.

1. Place the power switch on the rear panel to OFF.
2. Unplug the power cord (Figure 5–6.
3. Remove the 11 T-15 screws that secure the rear access panel.
4. Remove all the cables to the autochanger controller PCA mounted on the side
of the power supply.
5. Remove the four T-15 screws that hold the power supply to the chassis
(Figure 5–6).
6. Rotate the power supply out from the chassis far enough to disconnect the
power cables from the power-receptacle end of the supply (Figure 5–8).

Removal and Replacement 5–13

Figure 5–8 Rotating the Power Supply Module out of the Chassis

5–14 Removal and Replacement

5.4.7 Removing the Autochanger Controller PCA
1. Perform the first six steps of Section 5.4.6, Removing the Power Supply
Module .
2. Remove the eight mounting screws that secure the autochanger controller
PCA to the power supply assembly (Figure 5–9). Remove the PCA.
Figure 5–9 Removing the Autochanger Controller PCA

3. Unplug cables from the controller PCA (Figure 5–11).
4. On the replacement PCA, check the configuration of dip switch S2 for correct
settings (Figure 5–10 and Table 5–1).

Removal and Replacement 5–15

Figure 5–10 Dip Switch Locations on the Autochanger Controller PCA

Table 5–1 S2 Switch Settings, Autochanger Controller PCA
Position Description

Default

Factory setting, do not change

open

Factory setting, do not change

open

Factory setting, do not change

1 The default settings for a "Full" autochanger Configuration (four magazines) are positions 2,3,5
closed.

(continued on next page)

5–16 Removal and Replacement

Table 5–1 (Cont.) S2 Switch Settings, Autochanger Controller PCA
Position Description

Default

Factory setting, do not change

Termpower (see next table, "Termpower Settings")

Factory setting, do not change

open

2 The default settings for a "Half" autochanger configuration (two magazines) are positions 2,4,5 closed.

Table 5–2 Termpower Settings (S2 Switch, positions 5,6,7)
Supply

Position 5

Position 6

Position 7

Autochanger supply to bus

closed

Autochanger supply to bus

closed

open

Autochanger supply to bus

open

closed

Autochanger supply to Autochanger bus

open

closed

Host supply to bus (Default)

closed

open

5. Position the new controller PCA on the power supply in the same manner
that the old controller PCA was positioned (Figure 5–11).
6. Secure the PCA using the eight screws and washers that were previously
removed. Loosely start each screw and then tighten them.
7. Power on the autochanger.
8. Set configurations 16 and 18 using the procedure in Section 3.3. Table 3–3
lists autochanger configuration choices. Section 5.5.1 and Section 5.5.2
provide additional configuration information.
9. Cycle power off and on for new configurations to take effect.

Removal and Replacement 5–17

Figure 5–11 Autochanger Controller PCA Cable Connections

Terminator if Autochanger
has a SCSI Repeater PCA

5–18 Removal and Replacement

5.4.8 Removing the SCSI Repeater PCA
1. Perform the first three steps of Section 5.4.6, Removing the Power Supply
Module , then return here.
2. Remove the two screws that hold the SCSI repeater PCA mounting plate to
the disk library chassis (Figure 5–12).
Figure 5–12 Removing the SCSI Repeater PCA Mounting Plate

3. Pull the SCSI repeater PCA mounting plate (which still holds the SCSI
repeater PCA) out of the chassis far enough to make cable removal easy.
4. Disconnect the cables attached to the SCSI repeater PCA.

Removal and Replacement 5–19

5. Remove the four T-15 Torx screws that hold the SCSI repeater PCA to the
mounting plate.
Note
The 90° top connector is the I/O from external connectors and the (flat)
bottom connector is I/O to AC controller PCA.

5.4.9 Removing/Replacing the MO Drives
1. Remove the front panel as described in Section 5.4.1. Refer to the deskside
option or rackmount option as applicable.
2. Remove one of the access panels (your choice) that will let you remove cables
on the inside of the chassis next to the drives.
3. Disconnect the drive power, SCSI, and interface cables from the rear of the
drives. Refer to Figure 5–13.

5–20 Removal and Replacement

Figure 5–13 Removing the Drive Power, SCSI and Interface Cables from the
MO Drives

Removal and Replacement 5–21

Refer to Figure 5–14.
4. Remove the T-15 Torx screws that hold the optical sensors in place.
Figure 5–14 Optical Sensor Positions

5–22 Removal and Replacement

5. Loosen the two T-15 screws at each end of the rear of the drive tray
(Figure 5–15figure 5-15).
Figure 5–15 Removing the MO Drives

Removal and Replacement 5–23

6. Slide the drive assembly out.
IF THE TRAY BINDS, check to see if the tray is hitting the heads of the
chassis mounting screws.
7. Each drive is attached to the tray with four T-10 Torx screws. Remove screws
as necessary to replace drive(s).
When re-assembling:
Use the mounting holes closest to the sensor brackets to install the drive(s)
(Figure 5–16).
After reversing the disassembly steps and remounting the drives, refer to the
re-assembly notes in the section, "Service Access," in this chapter to correctly
remount the front panel.
Figure 5–16 Drive Mounting Holes

5–24 Removal and Replacement

5.4.10 Removing the Carriage/Picker Assembly
1. Remove the large chassis access panel (Figure 5–17).
2. Remove the Torx screw holding the carriage bracket to the bottom of the
picker carriage (Figure 5–17 (1)). This screw is sealed by Loctite®.
Note
DO NOT REMOVE the screw that holds the carriage BRACKET to the
lead screw.

Figure 5–17 Separating the Carriage from the Carriage Bracket

Refer to Figure 5–18.
3. Release the tension on the picker belt by pushing the tensioner spring toward
the drives. To push the spring toward the drives, pry with the tool you are
using as shown in Figure 5–18.

Removal and Replacement 5–25

While holding the tensioner spring down, slip the picker Belt off the pulley at
the end of the carriage rail (way) on the leadscrew side.
Then remove the belt from one of the pulleys on the leadscrew-side carriage
rail.
Figure 5–18 Releasing Picker Belt Tension

4. Position the picker in the center of the carriage so that it can pass through
the cutout in the chassis.
Refer to Figure 5–19. (Note that view is of the side of the picker that faces the
drive end of the chassis).
a. Push the translate latch toward the picker to unlock the picker.
A slot in the bottom of the picker shaft belt pulley must be positioned over
the translate latch to allow the translate latch to fully retract.
You may have to rotate the picker shaft belt pulley a little to line up this
slot. To do this, jiggle the belt back and forth just a little until you feel
the picker release from the rail.

5–26 Removal and Replacement

b. When you feel the picker slide freely, move the picker to the center of the
carriage.
Figure 5–19 Releasing the Translate Latch (seen from drive side of picker)

Refer to Figure 5–20.
c.

Release the picker for rotation by pushing on the release lever. Rotate the
picker to a position parallel to the carriage rails as shown in Figure 5–21.

Removal and Replacement 5–27

Figure 5–20 Releasing the Picker for Rotation

Figure 5–21 Removing the Carriage Assembly and Picker as a Unit

5–28 Removal and Replacement

WARNING
As the carriage is pulled off the ends of its rails during the
next step, the spring-loaded bearing block assembly on the nonleadscrew side of the carriage assembly can separate from the
assembly with considerable force and could cause injury.
Hold the bearing block assembly against the carriage assembly as
you pull the carriage assembly off the end of the rails.
Refer to Figure 5–21.
d. Pull the picker carriage out of the chassis.
When re-assembling:
Be sure to press in the static pin on the outside of the carriage support
(leadscrew-side) as you slide the carriage onto the rails (ways). This pin can
be broken off.
Hold the tensioner spring down as explained in Step 3 while replacing the picker
belt. Make sure that the picker belt is centered between the two ridges on the
pulley.
Refer to Figure 5–22 to correctly thread the picker belt. After the picker belt is in
place, verify that the tensioner spring returns to its upmost position by inserting
the tool underneath the tensioner plate and gently prying it up.

Removal and Replacement 5–29

Figure 5–22 Picker Belt Threading Diagram

5–30 Removal and Replacement

5.4.11 Removing the Carriage Motor
Refer to Figure 5–23.
1. Loosen the screws holding the carriage motor (figure 5-23 (1)).
2. Remove the belt between the carriage motor and the leadscrew.
3. Disconnect the wires on the motor.
4. Remove the carriage motor.
Note
The motor encoder plug goes both ways.

Figure 5–23 Removing the Carriage Motor

Removal and Replacement 5–31

5.4.12 Removing the Carriage Leadscrew
1. Remove the belt to the carriage motor. The belt may be removed by pulling
the belt over the end of the leadscrew gear as the g ear is rotated. Move the
carriage assembly up or down to rotate the gear.
2. Remove the screws holding the leadscrew top bracket to the back wall of the
chassis (Figure 5–24 (1)).
3. Lift out the leadscrew.
Figure 5–24 Removing the Carriage Leadscrew Assembly

5–32 Removal and Replacement

5.4.13 Removing the Picker Motor
Refer to Figure 5–25 and Figure 5–26.
1. Perform the first three steps of Section 5.4.6, Removing the Power Supply
Module , then return here.
2. Remove the two cables connecting the picker motor to the autochanger
controller PCA.
3. Loosen the tensioner spring (refer to Figure 5–25).
Figure 5–25 Picker Motor Mounting Screws and Drive Belt

Removal and Replacement 5–33

Figure 5–26 Picker Motor Mounting Screws

4. LOOSEN the motor mount screw on the inside of the electronics area
(Figure 5–26 (1)) and the two mounting screws on the outside of the chassis
(Figure 5–26 (2)). Do not remove the screws.
5. Remove the picker belt.
6. Remove the three picker motor mounting screws.
7. Remove the picker motor.

5–34 Removal and Replacement

When re-assembling:
1. Put the replacement picker motor into the unit, attach the tensioning spring,
and start all three mounting screws. Do not fully tighten the screws yet.
Note
Failure to tighten the screws in the following order will result in
premature failure of the belt.

2. Replace the picker belt. Tighten the screw located behind the carriage
leadscrew Figure 5–26 (1).
3. Tighten the two remaining screws (Figure 5–26 (2)).
4. Check that the picker assembly can move and flip freely.
5. Replace the two picker motor cable connections on the autochanger controller
PCA.

Removal and Replacement 5–35

5.4.14 Removing the Leadscrew-side Carriage Way (rail)
1. Remove the carriage/picker assembly.
Refer to Figure 5–25.
2. Loosen the tensioner spring.
3. LOOSEN the motor mount screw on the inside of the electronics area
(Figure 5–26 (1)) and the two mounting screws on the outside of the chassis
(Figure 5–26 (2)). Do not remove the screws.
4. Remove the picker motor belt.
5. Remove the two mounting screws holding the way. These screws are located
on the outside of the chassis. Note that there are two spacers between the
way and the side of the chassis (Figure 5–27).
Figure 5–27 Removing the Leadscrew - side Carriage Way (rail)

6. Remove the way from the chassis.

5–36 Removal and Replacement

When re-assembling:
1. Replace the way assembly to the chassis. Do not forget the spacers that go
between the way and the side of the chassis.
2. Attach the tensioning spring.
Note
Failure to tighten the screws in the following order will result in
premature failure of the belt.

3. Replace the picker belt. Tighten the screw located behind the carriage
leadscrew (Figure 5–26 (1)).
4. Tighten the two remaining screws (Figure 5–26 (2)).
5. Check that the picker assembly can move and flip freely.

Removal and Replacement 5–37

5.4.15 Removing the Mailslot
Refer to figures 5-28 and 5-29
1. Remove the front panel. Refer to the section, "Service Access" for instructions
on how to remove the front panel for either a deskside option unit or a
rackmount option unit.
2. Remove the two self-tapping screws on each side of the front of the mailslot
(figure 5-28 (1)).
3. Disconnect the mailslot sensor cable.
4. Pull the mailslot out.
Figure 5–28 Removing the Mailslot Assembly

When re-assembling:
Pull the actuator arm on the mailslot (figure 5-37) all the way back (towards the
rear of the unit) before placing the front panel into position.
Pulling the arm back lowers the mailslot door and makes it possible for the Front
Panel to be placed into position.

5–38 Removal and Replacement

5.4.16 Removing the Power Supply Fan
1. Do the first five steps of Section 5.4.6, Removing the Power Supply Module ,
then return here.
Figure 5–29 Rotating the Power Supply Out to Access the Fan

2. Rotate the power supply outward enough to access the cooling fan on the top
of the power supply.
3. Remove the two screws that hold the cooling fan to the top of the power
supply.

Removal and Replacement 5–39

5.4.17 Removing the Interconnect PCA

Note
When removing the interconnect board, move the picker out of the way
by sliding it to the top of the carriage and inserting a cartridge to hold it
there.

•

Remove the top access panel. Refer to the "Service Access" section at the
beginning of this chapter for further instructions.
Refer to Figure 5–30

•

Remove the T-15 screw from the top of the clear plastic shield that covers the
interconnect PCA.

•

Pull the clear plastic shield towards the back of the unit. Then pull the front
part of the shield up, then out of the unit’s large access panel.

•

Remove all of the connectors from the interconnect PCA.

•

Remove the eight T-15 screws from the interconnect PCA Figure 5–30.

•

Pull the interconnect board up and out the unit’s large access panel.
Note
There is a plastic shield under the interconnect board that can remain in
the unit until the interconnect PCA is replaced. Align the holes on the
clear plastic under-shield with the holes on the interconnect board while
re-inserting the eight T-15 screws.

5–40 Removal and Replacement

Figure 5–30 The Interconnect PCA

Removal and Replacement 5–41

5.5 Re-initializing Autochanger Controller PCA RAM
After Service
All the RAM on the autochanger controller PCA is battery backed and is,
therefore, non-volatile. Most of the RAM is initialized to known values
at powerup. Variables that are not changed are customer configurations,
autochanger logs, autochanger odometers, element status variables, and variables
that help the autochanger recover from power failures. These variables are set by
configurations 16 and 18.
NVRAM must be re-initialized after replacing the autochanger controller PCA,
after changing the autochanger controller PCA firmware, and after changing a
drive mechanism.

5.5.1 Variables set by Configuration 16
•

SCSI address of the autochanger

•

Configurable options set to system defaults (ROM-dependent)
whether the autochanger should report recovered errors (CONF 27)
whether the autochanger should rotate the mailslot inwards when in
secure mode (CONF 27)
whether the autochanger should automatically initialize element status
when cartridges are found in unexpected places (ROM-dependent)

•

Drive status variables
reported SCSI address of the drive set to system defaults
clear the source of the disk in the drive

•

RS-232 configuration set to system defaults
baud rate = 19,200
word length = 8
start/stop bits = 1
parity = none

•

Power fail variables
whether the last move was started is set to FALSE
clear the state of the last move

5–42 Removal and Replacement

•

Recovery restore variables set to system defaults
maximum number of Find Home retries = 3
maximum number of error recovery retries = 3
maximum number of restore retries = 1

•

Security variables
clear Unit Reserved
clear Prevent Media Removal for each SCSI ID

•

Element Status variables
clear exception bits
clear element reservations

•

Clear autochanger logs
clear Error Log (INFO 0)
clear Move Success Log (INFO 10)
clear Recovery Log
clear Runtime Log (INFO 11)
clear number of major retries
clear number of inline retries

•

Clear magazine and mailslot offsets
(unused in most units/invalid in RSE units)

•

Reset the password to 0,0,0

5.5.2 Variables set by Configuration 18
•

Reset the move odometer to zero (INFO 9)

•

Reset the flip odometer to zero (INFO 12)

•

Reset the translate odometer to zero (INFO 13)

•

Reset the mailslot rotation odometer to zero (INFO 14)

•

Reset the number of poweron hours to zero (INFO 5)

•

Reset the number of loads to each drive to zero (INFO 4)

Removal and Replacement 5–43

5.6 Replaceable Parts
5.6.1 Recommended Service Kit
The initial recommended service kit for the optical disk library includes the
exchange parts list and the non-exchange parts list for stocking at a logistics.
Note
The "x" in the part numbers listed below represents a number from "0"
to "9" depending on the revision of the part. For example, if the part is
newly released, the number will be "0". The first time the part is revised,
the number will be incremented to a "1"; the second time the part is
revised, the number will be incremented to a "2", and so on.
If you are unsure of the current part number, check your parts database
for part number information.

5.6.2 Assemblies
Refer to figures 5-31, 5-32, and 5- 33 for exploded views of the optical disk library,
labeled with FRU numbers.
Table 5–3 Exchange Assemblies
FRU No.

HP Part
Number

Description

Digital Part Number

C1708-66503
‡

Autochanger Controller PCA

29-30865-01

1†

5063-2703

Autochanger Controller PCA
with code

29-30865-01

C1716Copt728

Optical Drive Mechanism
(650-Mbyte drive)

29-30871-01

C1716Topt728

Optical Drive Mechanism
(1.3-Gbyte drive)

29-31453-01

20†

5063-2701

Optical Drive Mechanism with
code (650-Mbyte drive)

29-30871-01

†Always order exchange version with code installed
‡HP Part numbers containing a 66 as in C1708-66503 are silk screened on the boards, but these
translate to order numbers containing a 60 or 69 as in C1708-69x03. The 60 or 69 numbers are on the
outside of the box that the board is shipped in.

(continued on next page)

5–44 Removal and Replacement

Table 5–3 (Cont.) Exchange Assemblies
FRU No.

HP Part
Number

20†

Description

Digital Part Number

5063-2715

Optical Drive Mechanism
(1.3-Gbyte drive)

29-31453-01

C1708-60x40

Carriage assembly

29-30036-01

C1700-60x27

Picker assembly

29-30152-01

†Always order exchange version with code installed

Table 5–4 Non-Exchange Assemblies
FRU
HP Part
Number Number

Digital Part
Number

Description

29-30876-01

Interconnect PCA

C1700-60x07

C1700-60x12

29-30868-01

Horizontal Display Panel

C1700-60x23

29-30042-01

Vertical Motor

C1700-60x22

29-30869-01

Vertical Display Panel (Rackmount units
only)

C1700-60x26

29-30047-01

Magazine Assembly

C1700-60x30

29-30033-01

Optical Sensor

C1700-60x32

29-30038-01

Leadscrew

C1700-60x34

29-30064

Horizontal Belt

C1700-60x35

29-30065

Vertical Belt

C1700-60x42

†

Bearing Block-Long

C1700-60x45

29-30067-01

Side Access Pane l

C1700-60x68

†

I/O Power Cable

C1700-60x69

†

SCSI I/O Cable

C1700-60x70

29-30050-01

Dual Mailslot Cable

C1700-60x73

†

Internal SCSI Cable

C1700-60x83

†

UPS Cable

C1700-60x21

29-30875-01

Left Way

†These parts are not stocked by Digital but can be ordered from Hewlett-Packard by placing a P1
order through Digital Logistics

(continued on next page)

Removal and Replacement 5–45

Table 5–4 (Cont.) Non-Exchange Assemblies
FRU
HP Part
Number Number

Digital Part
Number

Description

C1700-60x25

29-30041-01

Horizontal Motor

C1700-60x27

29-30152-01

Picker

C1700-60x39

29-30040-01

Bearing Block Assembly

C1700-60x47

†

Drive Tray

C1700-60x40

29-30036-01

Carriage Assembly

C1700-60x29

29-30867-01

Mailslot

C1703-60x28

29-30864-01

Power Supply

C1703-60x44

29-30066-01

Top Access Panel

C1703-60x50

29-30051-01

5/12/24V Power Cable

C1703-60x56

29-30062-01

Front Panel Cable

C1703-60x59

29-30063-01

Sensor Cable

C1700-60x66

C1703-60x68

29-30028-01

Power Supply Fan

C1703-60x79

29-30061-01

Switch Cable

C1703-60x80

29-30059-01

Motor Power Cable

C1708-60x08

29-30874-01

Single-Ended Repeater PCA

C1708-60x09

29-30873-01

Differential Converter PCA

C1716-60x01

29-30871-01

MO/MF Single-Ended Optical Drive (Storage
Server - Sony Drives)

C1700-60088

†

Horizontal Front Panel

C1700-60089

†

Vertical Front Panel (Rackmount units only)

C1703-69028

29-30864-01

Power Supply

C1700-60046

†

Horizontal Slide Kit

Line Switch Cable

†These parts are not stocked by Digital but can be ordered from Hewlett-Packard by placing a P1
order through Digital Logistics

5–46 Removal and Replacement

Table 5–5 Exchange Assemblies for Model 20, Storage Server/Ninja
FRU
HP Part
Number Number

Digital Part
Number

Description

29-30026-01

Autochanger Controller PCA

C1713-60237 †

29-30039-01

C1710M Autochanger Code

C1710-69010

29-30027-01

MO Drive

C1700-60005 †

29-30029-01

MO Drive Controller PCA

C1716-60222 †

29-30153-01

MO Drive Controller ROM

C1703-69201 †

†Controller PCAs must be ordered together with controller codes. Reference Service Manual EKSTSOP-SV for other model 10 assemblies and removal and replacement procedures.

Removal and Replacement 5–47

Figure 5–31 Replacement Parts - View 1

5–48 Removal and Replacement

Figure 5–32 Replacement Parts - View 2

Removal and Replacement 5–49

Figure 5–33 Replacement Parts - View 3

5–50 Removal and Replacement

6
Theory of Operation
This chapter discusses the following aspects of the optical disk library:
•

the autochanger
command execution
mechanics

•

autochanger controller PCA

•

power supply

•

optical disk drive

In addition, autochanger error detection, diagnostic strategy, and the SCSI
interface and command set are discussed.

6.1 The Autochanger
6.1.1 Movements
The mechanism code of the autochanger accepts high-level SCSI commands from
the interface, translates these commands into servo code for the autochanger,
executes the command, and reports status.
When a SCSI command is received, it is translated into a series of smaller
submoves in the servo code of the autochanger and executed.

Theory of Operation 6–1

Figure 6–1 SCSI Command Translation for Autochanger Operation

ID
Macro−move

Micro−move ID
Micro−move ID
Micro−move ID

ID
Macro−move

SCSI Command

Micro−move ID

Mechanism
Code

Profile

Micro−move ID
Micro−move ID

ID
Macro−move

Profile

Micro−move ID

Profile

Micro−move ID
Micro−move ID

Examples of high-level commands are:
•

Move/Exchange—move a cartridge from element A to element B.

•

Seek—position the transport at a target element

•

Test—test for the presence of a cartridge at a target element

•

Actuate mailslot—rotate the mailslot assembly to perform I/O with the user

The commands are translated into a series of moves which are basic autochanger
functions. These submoves are called macro-moves. In this library the macromoves are as follows.
•

move carriage—position the picker transport to a position along the rails.

•

flip—rotate the picker

•

cartridge I/O—plunge and retrieve the picker finger assembly to move
cartridges between the picker and magazines, drives, or the mailslot.

•

rotate mailslot—plunge and retrieve the picker finger assembly/leadscrew nut
to rotate the mailslot assembly toward and away from the user.

For example. "Move element 11 to element 2 with flip" is transformed into the
following sequence of autochanger functions.
1. Determine that element 11 is a storage slot and element 2 is a drive.
6–2 Theory of Operation

2. Move the picker to the front of the storage element.
3. Get the cartridge from the storage element.
4. Do a flip.
5. Move the picker to the front of the disk insertion slot on the drive element.
6. Put the cartridge into the drive element.
The basic autochanger functions (macro-moves) are then divided into a series of
smaller movements called "micro-moves." There are two types of micro-moves:
•

position move—move the driving motors a given distance at peak speed

•

saturation move—same as a position move except that motion is halted if
force exceeds a specified threshold.

Position moves are used for high-speed, unobstructed movements of a known
distance. Saturation moves are used in low-speed, adaptive movements of
variable distance.
Macro-moves consists of one or more combinations of position or saturation type
micro-moves. Each macro-move has a tailored set of these submoves to insure
that the macro-move will be gentle. As a macro-move is executed, servo gains are
adjusted to allow for changes in load characteristics.
An example of the process for a flip is as follows.
1. Move picker finger assembly backwards a fixed distance to engage the flip
lock.
2. Change the gain to prepare for upcoming flip.
3. Move the picker finger assembly backwards a fixed distance to trip the
mechanism and start the flip.
4. Make sure the flip is completed by doing a saturate on the picker motor until
the force exceeds a fixed threshold.
5. Change the gain to prepare for picker finger assembly movement.
6. Move the picker finger assembly forward to relieve the force.
Each micro-move within a specific macro-move has a unique set of stability,
performance, error recovery, force, and reliability criteria. Therefore, each micromove is assigned a unique identification code (ID) which is used to determine how
the move should be performed. Before a micro-move is executed, its ID is used
to fetch acceleration, velocity and force limits to use. If the move fails, its ID
determines the type of error recovery scheme to employ. This tailored technique
provides gentle, stable control of the mechanism, resulting in increased reliability.

Theory of Operation 6–3

6.2 The Autochanger Mechanism
The mechanics consist of the following major assemblies:
•

carriage assembly

•

picker assembly (mounted to the carriage assembly)

•

mailslot (disk loading and ejecting assembly)

•

carriage motor and carriage leadscrew

•

picker motor

The carriage/picker assembly is the heart of the mechanism. This assembly
positions disks in front of storage slots, drives, and the mailslot. The picker
inserts, removes, and flips disks. It also activates the mailslot mechanism.
The carriage has a slot at both ends of a rail that spans the carriage. When the
picker is translated to either end, a latch on the picker can enter the slot. When
latched at either of these two positions, the picker may be flipped.
The picker may be translated from one side of the carriage to the other when
the translate roller contacts the translate bar mounted across either end of the
chassis.
The disk insertion slot, referred to as the mailslot, accepts a disk (inserted
shutter-end-first) and rotates the disk 180 degrees. This allows the picker to
grasp the rear of the disk and insert the disk shutter-end into a drive or storage
slot.
The carriage motor rotates the carriage leadscrew, driving the carriage. The
motor also monitors the amount of movement with a built-in encoder wheel.
The picker motor provides drive to translate and flip the picker. Power is
transferred from the picker motor to the picker assembly by a toothed belt.

6.3 The Controller PCA
The autochanger controller PCA contains the following major components:
•

Microprocessor

•

Motor Control Chip (MCC) (interface from digital-to-analog pulse width
modulation)

•

SPIFI Chip (SCSI bus control)

•

ROM

•

RAM

6–4 Theory of Operation

•

Pulse Width Modulation Amplifier

•

Front Panel Control and Filament Drive

•

SCSI Interface

•

Multi-function Peripheral Chip

Figure 6–2 Autochanger Controller PCA Block Diagram

The microprocessor is a Motorola 68000 running at 12 MHz. This microprocessor
controls all processes on the controller PCA such as servos, SCSI interface, and
commands to the control panel.
Associated with the microprocessor is clocking circuitry, battery-backed-up RAM,
decoding logic, and ROM.

Theory of Operation 6–5

The MCC is the interface between the 68000 processor and the servo system. The
MCC reads the position encoders via Schmitt triggers and uses that information
to increment or decrement counters on the chip. The MCC also provides pulse
width modulation (PWM) output signals to drive the motor circuitry.
The SPIFI chip handles the SCSI protocol of the SCSI interface.
ROM. The controller firmware resides in two 128K X 8, 170 ns EEPROMs.
RAM. The two RAM chips are special, low-power CMOS static RAMs. A standby
battery on the PCA takes over powering these chips if main power is lost. The
chips remain in standby mode, providing a non-volatile memory storage capability
on the PCA.
The pulse width modulation (PWM) amplifier takes the signals from the MCC
and changes them into voltages for the picker motor (Z on Figure 6–2) and
carriage motor ( Y on Figure 6–2). Motor speed control is by feedback from the
picker and carriage motors through Z and Y encoders back to the MCC.
The vacuum filament display uses a 7.5-volt supply tied to a 5-volt reference
resulting in an exitation voltage of from two to three volts. The grids of the
display are at approximately 20 volts.
The SCSI interface is basically the SPIFI chip and its associated transceiver. All
SCSI protocol is handled by the SPIFI under control of the main 68000 processor.
The bus transceiver provides the necessary drive to operate the bus properly.
The multifunction peripheral chip controls interrupts, RS-232 functions, and
certain timers throughout the controller PCA.
The servo, I/O, and sensors circuitry handle the servo communications (e.g.
shutdown control), I/O communications (e.g. drive eject and drive busy), and
sensor communications (e.g. mailslot sensor and vertical calibration sensor).

6.4 The Power Supply Module
The power supply module consists of an AC PCA and a DC PCA in a distributed
power architecture.

6–6 Theory of Operation

Figure 6–3 Overall Diagram of the Power Supply

6.4.1 The AC PCA
The AC PCA
•

takes the LINE and NEUTRAL from the site power

•

rectifies the AC to DC

•

produces a 300 VDC (nominal) crudely-regulated output bus.

•

produces an ENABLE signal

The line filter (not shown) - filters some transients and conducted interference
noise. This filter is in a box mounted on the top of the power supply cage. This
filter also provides a plug for the line input.
The EM/line spike filter block passes the primary and neutral inputs while
attenuating noise that the power supply tries to conduct back to the line. The
circuit also filters line transients such as high voltage noise, lightning, etc.
This filter, in combination with the line filter, enables the power supply to
withstand 6 KV spikes.

Theory of Operation 6–7

Figure 6–4 The AC PCA in the Power Supply

The bridge rectifier block takes the sinusoidal ac signal and turns it into pulsating
dc voltage. This dc voltage is stored in the bulk filtering capacitors at a nominal
value of 300 VDC.
The autoranging switch is a hybrid chip that senses the voltage across the
primary. If the voltage is below 145 Vac, the neutral line is connected to the
middle of the two bulk filtering capacitors. That, in effect, makes the bridge
rectifier/capacitor combination a voltage doubler; enabling a 300-volt output from
120-volt AC input.
If the chip senses more than 145 VAC, the autoranging switch stays out of the
circuit and the bridge rectifier passes its output to the bulk DC supply.
This switch supplies the function of a 120/240 switch, automatically correcting for
any input.
The on/off and limits block works in parallel with the bulk DC block on the 300
VDC bus. The circuitry here senses the DC voltage on the bus and turns the
power modules on the DC PCA on or off according to the operating range needs of
the modules.

6–8 Theory of Operation

The DC power modules must have between 200 and 400 volts to operate without
damage. While the DC bus is powering up, the limits block keeps the DC power
modules off until the voltage level reaches 200. If a surge increases the voltage
level to above 400 volts, the DC power modules are turned off to prevent them
from being damaged.
The DC power modules may also be turned on or off through the operation switch
and the auxiliary supply circuit.
The operation switch is a "Safe Extra-Low Voltage" (SELV) switch on the
operator’s control panel. In previous products, this switch on the control panel
cut primary power, but this switch in the Models 60/100 is on the secondary side,
isolated from line potentials through the auxiliary supply block. Placing this
switch to on supplies the enable signal to the DC power modules.
The operation switch, in combination with the auxiliary power supply and on/off
/limits circuitry, allows the DC power modules to operate if all of the following
conditions are met:
•

the power switch is ON

•

the operation switch is on

•

the on/off and limits circuitry senses more than 200 volts on the bulk DC bus

•

the on/off and limits circuitry senses less than 400 volts on the bulk DC bus.
CAUTION
Hazardous primary voltages are always present on the AC PCA as long
as the unit is plugged in and the power switch is ON.

6.4.2 The DC PCA
The DC PCA receives the 300-volt bulk DC input from the AC PCA and converts
this to regulated outputs of +5, +12, and +24 volts if the enable signal is present.
Some of the +5 VDC that is generated is fed into a chip that further converts this
to +9.5 VDC. This voltage is used to bias some op amps.

Theory of Operation 6–9

Figure 6–5 The DC PCA in the Power Supply

The power valid block looks at the +5 V and +12 V outputs. When these outputs
rise to operating range (~4.5 V and ~11 V), this circuit triggers a power-on reset.
The reverse current shunt block absorbs any reverse current generated by the
autochanger motors as they slow down.

6–10 Theory of Operation

6.4.3 Power Supply Specifications
Table 6–1 Input Requirements
Range
Input Voltage

100 to 240 VAC RMS

Input frequency

47 to 66 Hertz

Input current

< 6 amperes AC RMS

Input power

< 300 W

Inrush current

< 40.0 amperes peakat cold start

Input fusing

on PCA

Power factor

0.6

Line surge

Steps from 129 to 150 VAC for 500 milliseconds with no failure
(including fuse)

Line sag

Steps from 108 to 80 VAC for 500 milliseconds with no failure
(including fuse)

Line brownout and
recovery

a. Linearly decrease from 90 to 0 VAC in 30 minutes. Then
120 volts is reapplied
b. Linearly increase input voltage from 0 to 90 VAC in 30
minutes

Total output power

250 W (sum of all outputs)

Theory of Operation 6–11

6.5 The Multifunction Magneto-Optical Drives
Figure 6–6 Functional Diagram

There are four major sub-assemblies within the optical drive: the controller
printed circuit assembly (PCA), servo printed circuit assembly (PCA), loader
mechanism, and the optical head.

6–12 Theory of Operation

6.5.1 Controller PCA
The controller PCA is a microprocessor-based collection of digital electronics that
handles functions performed by a SCSI controller, a data buffer, and a formatter
/sequencer.
6.5.1.1 SCSI Controller
The SCSI controller provides the SCSI interface connection to the host computer.
This interface consists of both the electrical signals and the firmware which
decodes the various commands and messages on the SCSI bus and instructs the
drive to take appropriate action.
6.5.1.2 Data Buffer
The data buffer and associated control electronics provide a buffer to speed match
transfers to and from the host computer and the optical disk. The data buffer
provides a cache for read and write operations, optimizing the speed of these
transfers. The RW510/RW511 data buffer contains 256-Kbytes of buffer RAM; the
RW530 data buffer contains 512-Kbytes of buffer RAM.
6.5.1.3 Formatter/Sequencer
The formatter/sequencer function formats and decodes data for read and write
transfers. During a write function user data is sent via the SCSI bus as bytes (8
bits each). The formatter converts these 8 bits of parallel data into an encoded
serial bit stream that includes all the format and error correction features
required to meet the ANSI and ISO specifications. During reads, the decoder
converts the serial data stream, which includes format and error correction
features, into parallel data.

6.5.2 Servo PCA
The servo PCA includes a digital signal processor (DSP) that controls the actions
of the many servo loops that interact with the optical head and the loader
assembly.
6.5.2.1 DSP Microprocessor and Support/Servo Control Loops
Most of the electronics on the servo PCA are analog circuitry. This circuitry
is designed into the control loops of the following servos: spindle motor/speed,
laser power control, track following, seek/position maintenance, focus actuation,
fine position actuation, and coarse position actuation. Whenever the drive is
performing a read or write operation, all these servos are activated.
Also on the servo PCA are control electronics for the loader assembly. Included
are drivers for the loader and spindle (speed control) motors, sensor circuitry
for the cartridge loaded and write protect detectors, LED drivers for the front

Theory of Operation 6–13

panel LEDs, and control circuitry for the bias magnet subassembly of the loader
mechanism.
6.5.2.2 Read and Write Channel Electronics
Read channel electronics take analog data from the optical head and convert it
into digital "transitions." These transitions are decoded by the decoder electronics
on the controller PCA in order to extract data from format and error correction
features. The write channel electronics take the serial data stream from the
formatter/sequencer and convert the digital pulses into analog data. This analog
data is then sent to the optical head.

6.5.3 Mechanism Assembly
6.5.3.1 Loader Mechanism
The loader mechanism consists of two motors: a spindle motor for speed control
and a loader motor for loading and unloading of the cartridge. The loader motor
includes a gear train and rack-and-pinion system that allow the cartridge shuttle
to raise and lower the cartridge within the loader housing. The bias magnet
subassembly sits on top of the cartridge shuttle and provides the correct polarity
for erasing or writing data.
6.5.3.2 Optical Head
A major feature of the optical head is a "split optics" design. This design
physically separates the laser diode and its associated detectors from the focus
/fine position actuators. This design results in a significant seek time performance
advantage due to less mass on the moving portion of the optical head.
There are several actuators in the optical head. The coarse position actuator
moves the focus/fine position actuators to the vicinity of the desired sector on the
optical disk. The fine actuator makes small corrections (+/- 25 tracks) to center
the optical head on the desired sector. The focus actuator then moves up and
down to provide optimal focus on the light beam. All these actuators, and the
laser diode (and its detectors) are controlled by the servo PCA.
The laser diode and its associated detectors are part of a flex circuit on the optical
head assembly. On this flex circuit are analog electronics which further condition
the control signals for the laser diode, and pre-amplifiers for the servo and data
control signals that are returned to the servo PCA.

6–14 Theory of Operation

6.6 Optical Disk Layout and Error Correction
6.6.1 Disk Formats
Two optical disk formats are available. The RW510/511 optical drive can read
from and write to 650-Mbyte optical disks. The RW530 optical drive can read
from and write to both 650-Mbyte and 1.3-Gbyte optical disks. The target’s role
is to manage the 130mm multifunctional drive and disk as an optical memory
device through its SCSI interface. These optical drives support 130mm rewritable
optical disks conforming to ISO/IEC 10089 Format A, and write-once optical
disks conforming to ISO/IEC DIS 11560, for 650-Mbyte capacity. The RW530 also
supports the ECMA 184 standard for 1.3-Gbyte capacity, both rewritable and
write-once.
The following sections outline disk layout for both 650-Mbyte and 1.3-Gbyte
optical disks. Throughout this section, the sector number is that of a
1024 bytes/sector disk. The value of a 512-bytes/sector disk is written inside
parentheses just after the value for the 1024 bytes/sector disk.

6.6.2 Optical Disk Layout—650-Mbyte Capacity
This section highlights some of the aspects of an optical disk as outlined by the
ISO standard DIS 10089A and ISO/IEC DIS 11560.
There are three recording styles used on the optical disk that correspond to three
specified areas on the disk:
•

Phase encoded part (PEP)

•

Standard formatted part (SFP)

•

User zone

Both the PEP and SFP are areas that have been ‘‘recorded’’ by the media
manufacturer and cannot be altered by a drive. They contain information that
the drive uses to best read and write to the optical disk. Consult the ISO
standard for more information.

Theory of Operation 6–15

Figure 6–7 Optical Disk Layout

6.6.3 User Zone Layout—650-Mbyte Capacity
The User Zone consists of Defect Management Areas (DMAs), a User Area and
a Slipping Area. The DMAs contain information on the organization of the User
Area into User Groups and Spare Groups. The DMAs also contain a Primary
Defect List (PDL) and a Secondary Defect List (SDL) that provide information
on the locations of defects. The drive uses this information to perform defect
management.
Although the User Zone consists of tracks and sectors, it is often easier to think
of it in terms of a large memory space of consecutive sectors. Figure 6–8 shows
the following parts of the User Zone for 650-Mbyte media.
1. Four Defect Management Areas (DMAs) that each consist of:
Disk Definition Structure (DDS)
Primary Defect List (PDL)
Secondary Defect List (SDL)
2. Slipping Area
3. User Area that consists of:
g User Groups, of n sectors each
g Spare Groups, of m sectors each

6–16 Theory of Operation

Figure 6–8 User Zone Layout for 650-Mbyte Media

Track 0 DDS1

PDL and SDL 1

DMAs 1 and 2

DDS2

PDL and SDL 2

1 Sector Reserved

User Group 0
(n Sectors)

Spare Group 0 (m Sectors)
User Area
User Group g−1
(n Sectors)

Spare Group g−1 (m Sectors)
Slipping Area (2048 Sectors)
18748 DDS3

PDL and SDL 3
DDS4

18750

PDL and SDL 4
C1716C Defaults:
g=1
m=2048

DMAs 3 and 4
1 Sector Reserved

n=314569 (576999)

Theory of Operation 6–17

6.6.4 Optical Disk Layout—1.3-Gbyte Capacity
This section highlights some of the aspects of 1.3-Gbyte Capacity optical disks as
outlined by ECMA 184.
The disk is divided into various zones, similar to the 650-Mbyte capacity. See
Figure 6–7. In addition to the User Zone, where user data is stored, there are
other zones including the PEP and SFP zones. Both the PEP and SFP contain
information prerecorded by the media manufacturer and cannot be altered by
a drive. They contain information about media parameters that the drive uses
to read from and write to the optical disk. Consult the ISO standard for more
information.

6.6.5 User Zone Layout—1.3-Gbyte Capacity
The User Zone consists of Defect Management Area (DMAs), and User Area. The
DMAs contain information about the organization of the User Area into User
Groups and Spare Groups. The DMAs also contain a Primary Defect List (PDL)
and a Secondary Defect List (SDL) that provide information on the locations of
defects. The drive uses this information to perform defect management.
Although the User Zone consists of tracks and sectors, it is often easier to think
of it in terms of a large memory space of consecutive sectors. Figure 6–9 shows
the following parts of the User Zone for 1.3-Gbyte media.
1. Four Defect Management Areas (DMAs) each consisting of a
•

Disk Definition Structure (DDS)

•

Primary Defect List (PDL)

•

Secondary Defect List (SDL)

2. Slipping Area
3. User Area consisting of
•

g User Groups, of n sectors each

•

g Spare Groups, of m sectors each
Note

g = 1 or 16

6–18 Theory of Operation

Figure 6–9 and Figure 6–10 show the User Zone Layout for 1.3-Gbyte, for both
g=1 and g=16, respectively. It is important to note one significant difference
between 650-Mbyte and 1.3-Gbyte media. Both types of media can contain
multiple groups, however the start of each group on 650-Mbyte media can ‘‘slip
out’’ with any slip spares found prior to that group. 1.3-Gbyte media establishes
groups BEFORE accounting for slip spares. (Please refer to Section 6.6.6 for more
details.
Figure 6–9 User Zone Layout for 1.3-Gbyte Media, g=1
Track 0

DDS 1

PDL and SDL 1
DDS 2

DMAs
1 and 2

PDL and SDL 2

1 Sector
Reserved

Track 3

Data Group 0
(n Sectors)

User
Area

Spare Group 0
(m Sectors)
Track 37596
Track 37597 DDS 3

Track 37599

PDL and SDL 3
DDS 4

DMAs
3 and 4

PDL and SDL 4

1 Sector
Reserved
M−2264−2

Theory of Operation 6–19

Figure 6–10 User Zone Layout for 1.3-Gbyte,g=16

Track 0

DDS 1

Track 1

PDL and SDL 1
DDS 2

Track 2

PDL and SDL 2

Track 3

Data Group 0
(n0 Sectors)
Spare Group 0
(m0 Sectors)

Track 1599

Track 1600

Data Group 1
(n1 Sectors)
Spare Group 1
(m1 Sectors)

Track 3299

Track 34500

Data Group 15
(n1 Sectors)
Spare Group 15
(m1 Sectors)

Track 37596

Track 37597

DDS 3

Track 37598

PDL and SDL 3
DDS 4

Track 37599

PDL and SDL 4
M−2264−1

6–20 Theory of Operation

Table 6–2 shows the values for n and m for 1.3-Gbyte with g=16 (1024 media).
Table 6–2 Values for n and m for 1.3-Gbyte with g=16 (1024 media)
Band

Data Band 0

27064

Data Band 1

28815

Data Band 2

30498

102

Data Band 3

32198

102

Data Band 4

33898

102

Data Band 5

35581

119

Data Band 6

37281

119

Data Band 7

38981

119

Data Band 8

40664

136

Data Band 9

42364

136

Data Band 10

44064

136

Data Band 11

45747

153

Data Band 12

47447

153

Data Band 13

49147

153

Data Band 14

50830

170

Data Band 15

52462

187

The format of 1.3-Gbyte media is often referred to as a ‘‘sliding sector’’ format.
This means that logical tracks do not necessarily align with physical revolutions.
Table 6–3 details the physical revolution to logical track layout for 1.3-Gbyte
media.
Table 6–3 Physical Revolution to Logical Track Layout
Zone or Band

Physical Revolution Range

Logical Track Range

Inner SFP

(-369,-161)

Inner Mfg

(-128,-33)

Data Band 0

(0,1349)

(0,1599)

Data Band 1

(1350,2699)

(1600,3299)
(continued on next page)

Theory of Operation 6–21

Table 6–3 (Cont.) Physical Revolution to Logical Track Layout
Zone or Band

Physical Revolution Range

Logical Track Range

Data Band 2

(2700,4049)

(3300,5099)

Data Band 3

(4050,5399)

(5100,6999)

Data Band 4

(5400,6749)

(7000,8999)

Data Band 5

(6750,8099)

(9000,11099)

Data Band 6

(8100,9449)

(11100,13299)

Data Band 7

(9450,10799)

(13300,15599)

Data Band 8

(10800,12149)

(15600,17999)

Data Band 9

(12150,13499)

(18000,20499)

Data Band 10

(13500,14849)

(20500,23099)

Data Band 11

(14850,16199)

(23100,25799)

Data Band 12

(16200,17549)

(25800,28599)

Data Band 13

(17550,18899)

(28600,31499)

Data Band 14

(18900,20249)

(31500,34499)

Data Band 15

(20250,21599)

(34500,37599)

Outer Mfg

(21600,22949)

(37600,37785)

Outer SFP

(22950,24299)

(37786,38046)

6.6.6 Drive Defect Management
The optical drive mechanism supports the defect management scheme specified
by ISO 10089A and ISO DIS 11560, and ECMA 184.
Each DMA consists of a:
•

Disk definition structure (DDS)

•

Primary defect list (PDL)

•

Secondary defect list (SDL).

The DDS contains information about the number of User and Spare groups on
the disk and their sizes.
The PDL contains a list of defective sectors determined by the manufacturer or
by a certification of the User Area, i.e. during a SCSI Format Unit Command.
Defective sectors in the PDL are associated with the slip sparing algorithm
described in this chapter.

6–22 Theory of Operation

The SDL contains a list of defective sectors and corresponding replacement
sectors determined during disk use after certification. Defect/replacement entries
in the SDL are associated with the replacement sparing algorithm described in
this chapter.
The Slipping Area is a reserved portion of the user zone used by the slip sparing
algorithm. Defects found during certification are excluded from use. The useraccessible space is slipped by a corresponding number of sectors into this slip
area. This area is large enough to account for a maximum of 2048 slip spares.
Any unused sectors in the Slipping Area are unavailable for user data.
Note
The Slipping Area applies only to 650-Mbyte media.

The information in the DDS provides a means for controlling the placement of
reserved sectors that can be used by the replacement sparing algorithm. There
are three important parameters; the variables g, n, and m are used in the ISO
standard, and will also be used here for consistency:
•

g - number of groups

•

n - number of sectors in a user group

•

m - number of sectors in a spare group

If the User Groups is where user data will be stored initially, and the Spare
Groups are reserved sectors for the replacement sparing algorithm g, n, and m
are generally chosen so that they maximize the number of spare sectors allowed,
and maximize the size of the User Area. (The ISO standard for 650-Mbyte media
allows for a maximum of 2048 spare sectors total from the PDL and the SDL,
while the ECMA standard for 1.3-Gbyte allows for 2057 or 1077, depending on
the sector size of 1024 or 512 bytes per sector, respectively.) For 1.3-Gbyte the
value for g must be 1 or 16.
In general for 650-Mbyte: g * (n + m) <= (size of User Area)
In general for 1.3-Gbyte: g = 1 or 16,(n, m, or n0 thru n15 and m0 thru m15 are
predefined based on g).
For more details consult the ISO or ECMA standard.

Theory of Operation 6–23

6.6.7 Slip Sparing Algorithm
The slip sparing algorithm is used to manage the defective sectors listed in the
PDL during address translation between logical and physical blocks. During an
address translation, the logical blocks are ‘‘slipped’’ past any defective sectors,
thus the name ‘‘slip sparing.’’ As an example, say there are defective sectors at
block addresses 20 and 30, and you want the physical address of logical block 40.
Since addresses 20 and 30 are defective they should be slipped past, so logical
block address 20 is now physical block address 21, and logical block address 30 is
now physical block address 32, taking into account both physical blocks 20 and
30 being slipped past. This would result in physical block address 42 being the
translation for logical block address 40.
Note that this is not a truly accurate example for three reasons:
1. PDL entries are given in track/sector form, not as block addresses. The final
translated address must also be in track/sector form.
2. There is a 3-track offset added to the physical block address, 51 sectors for
1024 bytes/sector media and 93 sectors for 512 bytes/sector media.
3. This example does not take into account the effects of Spare Groups preceding
this sector. The User and Spare Groups are determined after slip sparing, for
650-Mbyte media, and before slip sparing for 1.3-Gbyte media.
For 650-Mbyte media, slip sparing is always the first step of address translation,
followed by User and Spare Grouping, and replacement sparing. For 1.3-Gbyte
media, user and Spare Grouping is always the first step of address translation,
followed by slip sparing, and replacement sparing.
The data structures for slip sparing and User and Spare Grouping (the PDL
and DDS respectively) are created or updated only during a certification/format
process, such as during a SCSI Format Unit Command. After certification, any
additional defect management updating is done through the replacement sparing
algorithm.

6.6.8 Replacement Sparing Algorithm
Once a disk has been certified and is being used by a customer, additional
defective sectors may develop. The replacement sparing algorithm is intended to
manage these defective sectors.
As was mentioned earlier, the DDS allows for a number of sectors to be reserved
for future use by the replacement sparing algorithm. These "spare sectors" reside
in the Spare Groups, and are referred to via entries in the SDL. Each SDL entry
consists of a defect and its replacement pair. The defect is always a sector in a
User Group, and the replacement is a sector from a Spare Group. Both are given
in track/sector form.
6–24 Theory of Operation

During normal address translation, after the original physical address is found
via the slip sparing algorithm, the SDL is checked to see if that physical address
was ’spared’ through the replacement sparing algorithm. If so, the replacement
physical address is substituted for the original physical address.
In the event a sector needs to be replaced, i.e. due to a Reassign Blocks Command
or automatic reallocation during a write command, a new defect/replacement pair
is added to the SDL (if the new defect is not already in the SDL). (Updating an
existing defect/replacement pair only occurs on 650-Mbyte media. For 1.3-Gbyte
media a new defect/replacement pair is added, thus creating a ‘‘chain’’ of defect
/replacement pointers.

6.6.9 Error Thresholds
Although not directly related to disk format, the various error thresholds are the
basis for deciding whether or not to spare a sector. This could happen during the
certification process (i.e. the slip sparing algorithm) or auto-reallocation during
a SCSI Write command (i.e. the replacement sparing algorithm). These error
thresholds are related to the format of a sector in the user zone.
Each sector in the user zone consists of a header, user data, and error correction
information. The first error threshold of importance involves information in the
sector header. Each header consists of three copies of the sector’s track number,
sector number, and a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC). The error threshold is
determined by the number of sectors found ‘‘good.’’
The other error threshold of interest involves information about error correction.
The error correction information that follows the data is often referred to as ECC
(Error Correction Code) data. This data is a compact way to encrypt information
about the original data written to the disk. With this information a drive can
correct up to 8 bytes per data interleave in the User Data of a sector. Each
sector has 10 (5) interleaves with 120 (122) bytes in each interleave. The actual
number of bytes per interleave requiring correction is used as an error threshold.
(Please consult the ISO standard for more details.) Table 6–4 shows the error
thresholds for the optical drive. The sector IDs column refers to the minimum
number of sector IDs that must be read correctly for the corresponding operation
to be deemed successful. The ECC level column refers to the maximum number
of bytes per interleave that require correction in order for the corresponding
operation to be deemed successful.

Theory of Operation 6–25

Table 6–4 Error Thresholds
Operation

Sector IDs

ECC Level

Format

Write

Erase

Verify

Read (Recovered)

Read

6.7 Error Detection and Recovery
Refer to Figure 6–11 during the discussion in the next two sections.
Figure 6–11 Error Detection and Recovery

6–26 Theory of Operation

6.7.1 Error Detection
The autochanger error detection methods are extensive. Both processes and
sensors detect errors.
Each of the processes that detect errors are interrelated. Depending on the error
condition, the autochanger expects feedback from one or more of the following
processes before a diagnosis is made:
•

overforce shutdown

•

sense of touch

•

motor position

An overforce shutdown occurs when the motors exert more force than is expected
or required. If this occurs, the servo automatically shuts itself down to prevent
parts damage. After an overforce shutdown occurs, the autochanger analyzes the
situation, self-calibrates, and attempts a retry.
Sense of touch is the process where actual force used is compared to the
recommended force for each move. The autochanger uses this information
to detect errors or qualify moves. The difference between sense of touch and
overforce shutdown is that the servo is not automatically shut down if sense of
touch detects an error.
The positions of the motors are continuously monitored by the controller PCA.
The position, along with the sense of touch feedback, is a valuable source of error
detection.
These processes also combine to detect errors. For example, the sense of touch
and the motor position processes continuously monitor the motor position and
motor force levels to sense whether a potential error has occurred. It does not
imply a sensing of complete force profiles, but the ability to continuously sample
the force profile.
The physical parts of the error detection system are the sensors. These hardwired sensors provide information that is impossible to determine through other
means. This feedback information is fed to the autochanger controller PCA.
There are two forms of sensors:
•

drive handshake - the drive provides a set of signals back to the autochanger
controller to indicate the status of certain loader operations.

•

optical sensors - detect conditions that are otherwise difficult to detect and
are used to calibrate the unit. There are two mailslot sensors to detect if a
cartridge is properly inserted into the mailslot, and a sensor for detecting

Theory of Operation 6–27

which side of the picker faces the mailslot-end of the chassis and allow
calibration of the picker’s position in relation to the drive and storage slots.

6.7.2 Error Recovery Processes
The autochanger uses the following processes to recover from errors:
•

Inline Recovery

•

Find Home Sequence

•

Calibrate

For certain well-defined error conditions, recovery operations that have little
effect on position or performance of the autochanger are executed inline. These
are used only if the error condition can be determined exactly, and in cases where
further motion may make recovery difficult.
The purpose of FIND HOME is to initialize the machine to a known state. For
power-on, this means finding a "home" (zero) position for the carriage/picker
assembly.
The calibrate procedure is then called to further locate reference points other
than the zero locations found during FIND HOME. Using sensors, the picker
is characterized as to its relationship with the mechanism. The positions of
the drive, mailslot, and storage slots are calculated based on the location of the
sensors.
For recovery after power-on, many subsets of FIND HOME may be called. One
mode, for example, only determines which side of the picker faces the mailslot-end
of the chassis. If any of the subsets of FIND HOME fail, the full FIND HOME
sequence is run. A successful running of FIND HOME gives the autochanger
code the exact positions of each end of the carriage rail and the rear plane of the
picker assembly. Also, the autochanger then knows which side of the picker is
facing the mailslot-end of the chassis and whether the picker holds a disk or not.

6.7.3 SCSI Detected Errors
For the vast majority of potential error conditions that may exist, the SCSI
interface retrieves immediate information about the error with no motion
required. Potential error conditions include:
•

the machine not being ready for a new command due to another previouslyissued command or a previously-detected hardware fault that prevents
motion

•

an illegal request to move a cartridge from an empty location or to a full
location

•

an illegal request to do an unsupported command or operation

6–28 Theory of Operation

•

invalid syntax or parameters in a command

•

various bus-level communication errors

In all of these cases, the command is rejected immediately and the autochanger is
not moved.

6.7.4 Move Errors
If an error is detected during an autochanger motion, the state of the machine
is recorded in internal memory and a retry procedure is called. Errors of this
type may be either physical or logical, and may be recoverable or unrecoverable.
Results of the error recovery are returned to the host when the command
completes. If possible, the cartridge is returned to its original location before
command completion, putting the autochanger back into its original state.
Logical errors refer to conditions in which source locations were found
unexpectedly empty or destination locations were found unexpectedly full.
These conditions indicate that a cartridge was moved without the knowledge of
the autochanger, possibly during service. At this point, the host must become
involved in locating the source of the error.
The host’s actions can include issuing a Read Element Status command to
find the difference between the host’s location (element) list and that of the
autochanger, followed by an Initialize Element Status command to find the actual
locations of all disks. When the differences are determined, a final check of
data on the disk should be done, with replacement to the appropriate location
(element).
The picker "element status" always reflects the physical state of the picker. The
autochanger will not give a status when the picker is found unexpectedly full or
empty because this logical error is not allowed. At power-on, the picker is checked
to see if it contains a cartridge. The mechanical design of the picker prevents a
cartridge from being fully inserted into the picker without first going through an
initial power-on cycle in the autochanger.
Physical errors refer to conditions in which something physically changes in
the system that prevents normal operation of the motion. These can be either
temporary or permanent. Error recovery attempts to recover from every physical
error without host intervention. Any error that is detected through overforce,
sense of touch, or by a sensor calls a procedure to attempt the recovery.
One exception to the no-host-intervention rule is in the drive/autochanger
interaction. If the autochanger indicates that a cartridge has been inserted
into the drive, but the drive does not read it, the host must become involved in
identifying the source of the problem. Likewise, if the drive is commanded to
eject a cartridge and does not do so, the drive is considered to be empty and the

Theory of Operation 6–29

host must identify either the final position of the cartridge or determine if the
drive has failed.

6.7.5 Hardware Error Codes
If an error is unrecoverable (i.e., something is broken or jammed to a point that
manual intervention is required), the autochanger takes an additional step in an
attempt to identify the Field Replaceable Unit (FRU) that is causing the failure.
A routine is called automatically that performs a process of elimination for
various FRUs. This routine attempts to isolate the error to three (or less) FRUs.
If no error can be found (or if recovery was made from the error), the unit returns
a "no error" status. If an error is found, a hardware error code and a move
error code is returned when the command completes. Up to three FRU numbers
are returned. The FRUs, and a time stamp, are listed in decreasing order of
probability. Hardware error codes are listed in Table 4–1.

6.7.6 Real Time Event Logging
Information Logs
The optical disk library provides information logs about the autochanger’s
operation and error history. The logs can provide predictive information which
could lead to early detection of autochanger problems.
All the logs are maintained within the non-volatile RAM and are accessible
through the control panel and by the SCSI Log Sense command over the SCSI
interface. The main functions provided with operational logs are described below.
Error Log
The autochanger maintains a history of past diagnostic test errors which have
occurred within the autochanger, together with a time stamp of when they
occurred. The error message maintained for each error indicates the failure and
the possible FRUs which may have caused the failure.
Move Success Log
A cumulative number of move recoveries and a total move count are maintained.
This gives service a view of the history of the autochanger soft error rate. The
last ten hard errors are marked in this log by indicating how many good moves
occurred since the last hard error.
Force Log
Each cartridge move is actually a sequence of many small moves, known as
micro-moves. This log is a record of the maximum force measured during every
micro-move situation.

6–30 Theory of Operation

Recovery Log
This is a record of recoverable (soft) errors, and related information on error
recovery methods used and their success or failure.
Drive Log
This data indicates the number of times the autochanger uses each drive.
Run-Time Log
An entry is put into this log each time an error occurs which requires any form
of recovery. Both "on-the-fly" and extensive recovery methods are logged. The
type of error, the method of recovery, and the number of moves to that point are
recorded.
Odometer
This value indicates the total number of moves executed since the non-volatile
RAM was first initialized. Power-on hours are also logged.

6.8 The SCSI Interface
As defined by ANSI (American National Standards Institute), SCSI allows up to
eight devices on the bus in any combination of computers and peripherals. The
devices can communicate with one another without control from a host computer.
Another powerful feature is the ability of SCSI to perform arbitration. SCSI
allows the host to initiate transactions, then break communication with a device,
do something else, and re-establish communication when the device is ready.
Finally, SCSI is capable of high data transfer rates. Synchronous data transfer
rates may be as fast as 4 Mbytes/second, and asynchronous rates up to 1.5
Mbytes/second, limited only by the capabilities of the computer and peripheral.
CAUTION
Do not switch off any peripheral on the SCSI bus without first checking
that the bus is not active.
Switching off can cause data loss and/or indeterminate bus states.

Theory of Operation 6–31

6.8.1 SCSI Command Set
The following SCSI-2 commands can be used with the optical disk library.
Note
Detailed descriptions of these commands and their functionality with
optical products can be found in the following documents:
•

Offline Diagnostics for Hewlett-Packard Optical Products, located in
Appendix B.

•

American National Standards Institute (ANSI) document titled,
"Small Computer System Interface - 2 (SCSI-2)," revision 10H which
is dated September, 1991. Copies of this publication can be obtained
by writing to: Global Engineering Documents, 2805 McGaw, Irvine,
CA 92714, or call: (800) 854-7179 or (714) 261-1455. Please refer to
document X3.131-SCSI-2.

•

Multifunction Optical Drive and Library SCSI-2 Command Reference.
This document can be obtained by ordering part number 59607606 from the Sales Response Center at Hewlett-Packard. Refer to
Appendix B for order information.

•

HP Technical Guide Optical Drives and Libraries, obtained by
ordering part number 5960-7605 from the Sales Response Center at
Hewlett-Packard. Refer to Appendix B for order information.

The following tables list the SCSI-2 commands numerically, by group.
Table 6–5 Group 0 Commands (6-byte command)
Code (Hex.)

Name

Description

Test Unit Ready

Provides a means to check if the logical unit is
ready

Rezero Unit

Moves the optical head to its recalibration
position

Request Sense

Requests the detailed error information

Format Unit

Initializes the optical disk (done only once for
unformatted, write-once disks)
(continued on next page)

6–32 Theory of Operation

Table 6–5 (Cont.) Group 0 Commands (6-byte command)
Code (Hex.)

Name

Description

Reassign Blocks

Reassigns defective sectors

Read

Reads data from the specified logical block
address

Write

Writes data to the specified logical block
address

Seek

Moves the optical head to the physical track
where the specified logical block exists

Inquiry

Reads the information related to the controller
and the drive unit

Mode Select

Sets optical disk, drive unit, or controller unit
parameters

Reserve

Gains the exclusive control of a specified
logical unit

Release

Releases a specified logical unit from the
reservation state

Mode Sense

Reads optical disk, drive unit, or controller
unit parameters

Start/Stop Unit

Starts or stops rotating the optical disk, and/or
ejects the optical disk from the drive unit

Receive Diagnostic
Results

Requests analysis data be sent to the initiator

Send Diagnostic

Requests the disk controller to perform
diagnostic tests

Prevent/Allow Medium
Removal

Prevents or allows removal of the optical disk
in the logical unit

Table 6–6 Group 1 and 2 Commands (10-byte command)
Code (Hex.)

Name

Description

Read Capacity

Reads the capacity of the optical disk

Read

Reads data from the specified logical block
address

Write

Writes data to the specified logical block
address
(continued on next page)

Theory of Operation 6–33

Table 6–6 (Cont.) Group 1 and 2 Commands (10-byte command)
Code (Hex.)

Name

Description

Seek

Moves the optical head to the physical track
where the specified logical block exists

Erase

Executes erase operation from the specified
logical block address on rewritable disks only

Write and Verify

Writes data to the optical disk and then
verifies the written data by checking the
error correction code

Verify

Verifies the data starting from the specified
logical block address by checking the error
correction code

Pre-Fetch

Reads the data from the specified logical
block address into the drive’s controller cache
memory

Synchronize Cache

Initiates the writing of all cached write data to
the optical disk

Read Defect Data

Reads the optical disk defect information

Write Buffer

Writes data to the controller data buffer

Read Buffer

Reads data from the controller data buffer

Read Long

Reads data from the specified logical block
address including ECC data

Write Long

Writes data to the specified logical block
address without using the ECC generation
circuitry

Log Select

Clears drive resident logs and odometers

Log Sense

Reads drive resident logs and odometers

Mode Select

Sets optical disk, drive unit, or controller unit
parameters

Mode Sense

Reads optical disk, drive unit, or controller
unit parameters

6–34 Theory of Operation

Table 6–7 Group 5 Commands (12-byte command)
Code (Hex.)

Name

Description

Read

Reads data from the specified logical block
address

Write

Writes data to the specified logical block
address

Erase

Executes erase operation from the specified
logical block address on rewritable disks only

Write and Verify

Writes data to the optical disk and then
verifies the written data by checking the
error correction code

Verify

Verifies the data starting from the specified
logical block address by checking the error
correction code

Read Defect Data

Reads the optical disk defect information

Theory of Operation 6–35

A
Offline Diagnostic Information
A.1 System Error Report
Figure A–1 shows a typical VAX/VMS system error report. After analyzing the
report for symptoms, proceed to Section A.2.

Offline Diagnostic Information A–1

Figure A–1 System Error Report
V A X / V M S

SYSTEM ERROR REPORT

COMPILED

******************************* ENTRY
ERROR SEQUENCE 6552.
DATE/TIME 8−APR−1993 15:10:09.37
SYSTEM UPTIME: 5 DAYS 21:14:31
SCS NODE: KAWA

8−APR−1993 15:11:43
PAGE
1.

9. *******************************
LOGGED ON:
SID 0A000005
SYS_TYPE 04010102
VAX/VMS V5.4−2
SCSI Command Code

DEVICE ERROR

KA420

CPU FW REV# 6.
Internal Device Code (15h = 21d)

GENERIC DK SUB−SYSTEM, UNIT _KAWA$WDB300:
HW REVISION

00A50015

ERROR TYPE

SCSI ID

SCSI LUN

HW REVISION = ..¥.
EXTENDED SENSE DATA RECEIVED
SCSI ID = 3.
SCSI LUN = 0.
SCSI SUBLUN

PORT STATUS

00000054

SCSI SUBLUN = 0.
%SYSTEM−F−CTRLERR, FATAL CONTROLLER
ERROR
SCSI CMD

00000003
0078
REQUEST SENSE

SCSI STATUS

00
GOOD

EXTENDED SENSE DATA
EXTENDED SENSE

000B0070
0A000000
00000000
0000004E
00A50000
1A000000
00000100
07030000
00

Extended Sense Data Sense Key 0Bh
1st Byte of Extended Sense
Byte 12
SCSI Command Packet
ABORTED COMMAND
SENSE CODE = 4E(X)

UCB$B_ERTCNT

UCB$B_ERTMAX

ORB$L_OWNER

00000000

UCB$L_CHAR

1CC54008

3. RETRIES REMAINING
3. RETRIES ALLOWABLE
OWNER UIC [000,000]
DIRECTORY STRUCTURED
FILE ORIENTED
SHARABLE
AVAILABLE
ERROR LOGGING
ALLOCATED
CAPABLE OF INPUT

A–2 Offline Diagnostic Information

Sense Key
Additional Sense
Code (ASC) 4Eh =
Bus Protocol Error

A.2 Autochanger Error Codes
This section contains the following autochanger error code tables:
Request Sense Codes
Request Sense Maps
Move Error Codes
Micro-Move Failure Type Codes
Figure A–2 Jukebox Request Sense Data Parameter Block Format

Byte

Valid
(0)

Error Code (70h or 71h)

Reserved (0)

3−6

Sense Key *

Reserved (0)

Additional Sense Length *

8−11

Reserved (0)

Additional Sense Code

Additional Sense Code Qualifier

Reserved (0)

SKSV

16−17

Sense Key Specific
Sense Key Specific

Error Code Either 70h (current error under VMS) or 71h (deferred error)
* = See Table A–1

Offline Diagnostic Information A–3

Table A–1 Sense Key and Additional Sense Length Values
Sense
Key
(hex)

Description

Additional Sense
Length

No Sense—Normal conditions

Recovered Error—Usually everything is OK

Not Ready—Typically a disk isn’t spun up or inserted

Medium Error—May or may not be a serious problem

Hardware Error—Usually a serious problem

Illegal Request—Usually a software problem

Unit Attention—Power on, RESET, a disk inserted, etc.

Data Protect—Tried to write to a write-locked disk

Blank Check—A blank sector was encountered on a
READ or wasn’t blank on a WRITE

Aborted Command

Additional Sense Code— The Additional Sense Code specifies detailed information
related to the error reported in the Sense Key field.
Additional Sense Code Qualifier—The Additional Sense Code Qualifier specifies
detailed information related to the Additional Sense Code.
SKSV—When set to 1, the Sense Key Specific bytes contains valid data. When
set to 0, bytes 15, 16, and 17 are null.
Sense Key Specific— Valid only when the Sense Key field is set to Illegal Request
(05H) and SKSV is 1.
Additional Sense Bytes—This field may contain information when the Additional
Sense Length field contains a value greater than 10. See Figure A–3.

A–4 Offline Diagnostic Information

Figure A–3 Jukebox Request Sense—Additional Sense Data
Byte

Move Error Code *

Hardware Error Code (See list of Hardware Errors in Service Manual)

First FRU (See list of FRUs in Service Manual)

Second FRU

Third FRU

MvCap

Last

24−25
26

Rsvd
(0)

PosLost

Cartin

Reserved (0)
DinRty

DEjRty PkrRec CarAssy

Reserved (0)

BFHm

FHR

Reserved (0)

BFHm

FHR

CartEl UnexpMt UnexpF Cartinv

ElRty

Retry Count

28−29

Reserved (0)

DinRty

DEjRty PkrRec CarAssy

Recovery Count

32−34
35

Reserved (0)
Valid

ErrEn

36−37

Cartin

Source Element Number

* = See Table A–2

Offline Diagnostic Information A–5

Jukebox Request Sense − Additional Sense Data (continued)
Byte

Valid

ErrEn

Cartin

39−40
41

CartEl UnexpMt UnexpF Cartinv

0
ElRty

Destination Element Number
Valid

ErrEn

42−43
44

Cartin

CartEl UnexpMt UnexpF Cartinv

ElRty

Secondary Source Element Number
Valid

ErrEn

Cartin

CartEl UnexpMt UnexpF Cartinv

45−46

Second Destination Element Number

47−49

Reserved (0)

50−54

Micro−Move ID History *

Failed Micro−Move ID

Micro−Move Error Code **

57−60

Vertical Motor Commanded Position

61−64

Vertical Motor Actual Position

65−68

Horizontal Motor Commanded Position

69−72

Horizontal Motor Actual Position

73−77

Reserved (0)

* = See the Micro-Move ID Table
** = See Table A–3

A–6 Offline Diagnostic Information

ElRty

Move Error Code— The movement that was being performed when the error
occured. The values of the Move Error Codes are in Table A–2.
Hardware Error Code – Determined by fault isolation, this error code indicates
the cause of the failure. Hardware error codes are listed in the ‘‘Troubleshooting
and Diagnostics’’ chapter of the service manual.
First FRU –The most likely field replaceable unit (FRU) to be the cause of the
failure. See the ‘‘Removal and Replacement’’ chapter of the service manual for a
list of FRUs.
Second FRU— The second most likely field replaceable unit (FRU) to be the cause
of the failure. See the ‘‘Removal and Replacement’’ chapter of the service manual
for a list of FRUs.
Third FRU—The third most likely field replaceable unit (FRU) to be the cause of
the failure. See the ‘‘Removal and Replacement’’ chapter of the service manual
for a list of FRUs. NOTE The FRUs returned should be considered ++pointers++
to the best area within the unit to check for the fault. Simply changing the FRU
listed may or may not fix the associated problem.
MvCap— A Move Capable bit of 1 indicates the autochanger is capable of
performing move commands.
LastSCSI – A Last bit of 1 indicates the autochanger has successfully returned
the cartridge to the state they were in before the failed command was executed.
PostLost— A Position Lost bit of 1 indicates the autochanger cannot calibrate the
mechanism and has lost position of the picker.
CartTrans— A Cartridge in Transport bit of 1 indicates a cartridge is in the
picker mechanism.
DInRty—A Drive Insert Retry bit of 1 indicates that more than one attempt was
needed to insert the cartridge into the drive. (For byte 26, this attempt refers to
Retry algorithm and for byte 30 it refers to Recovery algorithm).
DEjRty—A Drive Eject Retry bit of 1 indicates that more than one attempt was
needed to eject the cartridge from the drive. (For byte 26, this attempt refers to
Retry algorithm and for byte 30 it refers to Recovery algorithm).
PkrRec—A Picker Retracted bit of 1 indicates the picker fingers were fully
retracted after a failure. (For byte 26, this attempt refers to Retry algorithm and
for byte 30 it refers to Recovery algorithm).
CarAssy—A Carriage Locked bit of 1 indicates the picker fingers were fully
retracted after a failure and the translate pin is engaged. (For byte 26, this
attempt refers to Retry algorithm and for byte 30 it refers to Recovery algorithm).

Offline Diagnostic Information A–7

BFHm—A Bad Find Home bit of 1 indicates the Find Home algorithm was
started while the optical sensors were inoperable. (For byte 26, this attempt
refers to Retry algorithm and for byte 30 it refers to Recovery algorithm).
FHR—A Find Home Recalibration bit of 1 Find Home algorithm was invoked to
recalibrate the mechanism (For byte 26, this attempt refers to Retry algorithm
and for byte 30 it refers to Recovery algorithm).
Retry Count— The total number of retry attempts that were performed.
Recovery Count— The total number of recovery attempts that were performed.
Valid— A ‘‘0’’ indicates that this and the next two bytes contain invalid data.
Valid in bytes 41 and 44 are only set during the Exchange Medium Command.
ErrEn—An Error Encountered bit of 1 indicates an error occurred while the
picker was enroute to this element.
CartEl—A Cartridge in Element bit of 1 indicates the cartridge associated with
this move is in this element.
UnexpMt—An Element Unexpected Empty bit of 1 indicates this element was
unexpectedly empty.
UnexpFl—An Element Unexpected Full bit of 1 indicates this element was
unexpectedly full.
CartInv—A Cartridge Inverted bit of 1 indicates the cartridge is inverted from its
state before the operation began.
ElRty—An Element Required Retry bit of 1 indicates an operation in or out of
this element required one or more retries.
Source Element Number—The Element Number to which the Source Element Bit
Map (byte 35) refers.
Destination Element Number—The Element Number to which the Destination
Element Bit Map (byte 38) refers.
Secondary Source Element Number—The Element Number to which the
Secondary Source Element Bit Map (byte 41) refers.
Second Destination Element Number— The Element Number to which the
Second Destination Element Bit Map (byte 44) refers.
Micro-Move ID History—The last five autochanger Micro-Move IDs for the
original movement command prior to the failure. Refer to the Micro-Move ID
Table in this manual.
Failed Micro-Move ID –Actual micro-move that failed.

A–8 Offline Diagnostic Information

Micro-Move Error Code—The error code associated with the failed Micro-Move
ID. See Table A–3.
Vertical Motor Commanded Position—The position to which the carriage motor
was commanded.
Vertical Motor Actual Position—The actual position of the carriage motor.
Horizontal Motor Commanded Position—The position to which the picker motor
was commanded.
Horizontal Motor Actual Position—The actual position of the picker motor.
Table A–2 Autochanger Move Errors
Error
Codes

Failure Description

Failure occurred before any servo-controlled motions were attempted during
Power on Selftest.

Failure while Picker is not moving.

Failure while moving the carriage/picker assembly away from drives.

Failure while moving the carriage/picker assembly toward drives.

Failure while flipping the picker.

Failure while translating the picker assembly.

Failure while moving the picker fingers back in preparation to translate.

Failure while moving the picker fingers to engage the cartridge from the source
storage element.

Failure while moving the picker fingers back to remove the cartridge from the
source storage element.

Failure while moving the picker fingers forwards to insert a cartridge in the
destination storage element.

Failure while moving the picker fingers back after inserting a cartridge in the
destination storage slot.

Failure while moving the picker fingers forwards to engage the cartridge ejected
from the drive (source).

Failure while moving the picker fingers back to remove the cartridge from the
drive (source).

Failure while moving the picker fingers forwards to insert the cartridge into the
drive (destination).
(continued on next page)

Offline Diagnostic Information A–9

Table A–2 (Cont.) Autochanger Move Errors
Error
Codes

Failure Description

Failure while moving the picker fingers back after inserting a cartridge into the
drive (destination).

Failure while moving the picker fingers forward to engage the cartridge in the
mailslot (source).

Failure while moving the picker fingers back to remove the cartridge from the
mailslot (source).

Failure while moving the picker fingers forward to insert the cartridge in the
mailslot (destination).

Failure while moving the picker fingers back after inserting the cartridge in the
mailslot (destination).

Failure while rotating the mailslot actuator inward.

Failure to ensure that the mailslot rotated inward.

Failure while rotating the mailslot actuator outward.

Failure to ensure that the mailslot rotated outward.

Failure while the finding the home position.

Failure while calibrating the carriage/picker assembly.

Initializing element status failed while testing an element with a cartridge in the
picker assembly.

Failure to remove a cartridge from a source element.

Failure to leave a cartridge properly in a destination element.

An obstruction was encountered before the cartridge had been inserted the proper
distance.

Source element unexpectedly empty.

Destination element unexpectedly full.

Front mailslot sensor failed.

Inside mailslot sensor failed.

Drive light stuck on.

Door interlock open.

A–10 Offline Diagnostic Information

Table A–3 Autochanger Micro-Move Error Codes
Error
Code
(hex)

Description

Micro-Move Errors are reported in byte 56 of the additional sense bytes (Figure A–3).
0

No error.

Carriage motor drive voltage exceeded limit set by firmware.

Carriage motor overcurrent detected by hardware.

Carriage motor force exceeded limit set by firmware.

Picker motor drive voltage exceeded limit set by firmware.

Picker motor overcurrent detected by hardware.

Picker motor force exceeded limit set by firmware.

Low power supply during motion.

High power supply during motion.

Move stopped because cartridge-in-path beam blocked.

Cartridge not detected by cartridge-in-path beam.

Carriage motor not tracking properly.

Picker motor not tracking properly.

Carriage motor measured voltage less than expected.

Picker motor measured voltage less than expected.

Find origin failed.

Calibrate failed.

Diagnose FRU failed.

Initial recovery failed.

Find home failed.

Picker initialization failed.

Cartridge-in-path beams are blocked.

Failed to find hard stop at end of flip.

Failed to see sensor close at the end of translate.

Failed to move to the vertical position needed to engage the translate pin.

Failed to see sensor close at the start of translate.
(continued on next page)

Offline Diagnostic Information A–11

Table A–3 (Cont.) Autochanger Micro-Move Error Codes
Error
Code
(hex)

Description

Failed to see height sensor re-open after closing at the start of a translate.

The translate distance was too long.

The translate distance was too short.

Failed while checking for cartridge in a drive.

Failed to find a hard stop returning cartridge to storage after testing for presence
of cartridge.

Failed while checking for cartridge in a storage slot.

Failed while checking for cartridge in the Picker.

Failed while checking for cartridge in the mailslot.

Could not free fingers after testing for a cartridge in a drive.

Failed to verify that cartridge exists after insert.

Failed finding the back of storage slot during retraction.

Failed to verify that a disk is in the storage slot on get using cartridge-in-path
beams.

Not able to measure the depth of the storage slot.

Failed to free fingers from the storage slot.

Could not find the back of the storage slot after insert.

Failed to verify that a cartridge exists in the storage slot after insert.

Could not free fingers from storage slot after insert.

Could not find the back of the mailslot after get.

Failed to verify that a disk is in the mailslot on get using cartridge-in-path
beams.

Not able to measure the depth of the mailslot.

Could not find the back of the mailslot after insert.

Failed to verify that a cartridge exists in the mailslot after insert.

Failed to rotate the mailslot in.

Failed to rotate the mailslot out.

Exhausted retries while attempting to get the drive to eject the cartridge.
(continued on next page)

A–12 Offline Diagnostic Information

Table A–3 (Cont.) Autochanger Micro-Move Error Codes
Error
Code
(hex)

Description

Could not verify that the drive ejected the cartridge.

Could not free fingers from the drive.

No cartridge in drive.

No load complete.

Drive error signal.

Unexpected cartridge in the drive.

Unexpected load complete.

Exhausted retries attempting to get drive to accept the cartridge.

Could not verify that the drive accepted the cartridge.

Inline recovery attempts exhausted.

Errors above are counted in the runtime log as in-line, errors below as retries.
90

Drive access was disallowed because drive busy signal was active.

Drive light stuck off.

Outside mailslot sensor failed.

Inside mailslot sensor failed.

Mailslot rotation failure; possibly caused by operator.

Test drive insert retry.

Timed out waiting for drive to eject when testing for the presence of a cartridge;
retry being attempted.

Retry being attempted on drive insert.

Retry being attempted on drive eject.

Mechanism error.

A.3 Drive SCSI-2 Reference
This section contains the following information:
Request Sense Command sense key values
Request Sense Command additional sense code values
HP-Specific Error Codes

Offline Diagnostic Information A–13

Figure A–4 Drive Request Sense Data Parameter Format
Byte

Error Code (70H or 71H)
Reserved (0)

1
2

Reserved (0)

ILI

Rsvd (0)

Sense Key*

Information (MSByte)

Information

Information (LSByte)

Additional Sense Length (0AH)

Command Specific Information (MSByte) (reassign blocks only)

Command Specific Information (reassign blocks only)

Command Specific Information (LSByte) (reassign blocks only)

Additional Sense Code**

Additional Sense Code Qualifier**

Reserved (0)

SKSV

Sense Key Specific Information (if Sense Key = 1,3,4,5)

Sense Key Specific Information

HP−Specific Error Code***

Reserved (0)

HP−Specific DSP Error Information (MSByte)

HP−Specific DSP Error Information (LSByte)

HP−Specific DSP Status Byte
MR−6080−RA

A–14 Offline Diagnostic Information

These asterisks are keyed to Figure A–4:
* = See Table A–1
** = See Table A–4
*** = See Table A–5
AV– A Valid bit of 1 indicates the information field contains valid information. A
Valid bit of 0 indicates that the information field does not contain valid data.
ILI– An Incorrect Length Indicator bit of 1 usually indicates that the requested
logical block length did not match the logical block length of the data on the
medium.
Information–
1. The logical block address associated with the sense key.
2. The difference (residue) of the requested length minus the actual length in
either bytes or blocks, as determined by the command, when the ILI bit is set.
Command Specific Information– The logical block address of the first defect
descriptor not reassigned is returned in this field.
SKSV– A Sense Key Specific Valid bit of 1 indicates that the Sense Key Specific
Information is valid. A SKSV bit of 0 indicates that there is no sense key specific
information.
Sense Key Specific Information– If the Sense Key equals 1, 3, or 4, then byte 16
(MSbyte) and byte 17 (LSbyte) indicate Actual Retry Count.
If the Sense Key Specific Information (Byte 2, Bits 0-3) is set to 5-Illegal Request
and the SKSV bit is set to 1, the sense key specific field is defined as Field
Pointers, byte 16 (MSbyte) and byte 17 (LSbyte).
The Field Pointer field indicates which illegal parameters in command descriptor
blocks or data parameters are in error.
A data bit of 1 in byte 6 indicates bad command.
A data bit of 0 indicates bad data.

Offline Diagnostic Information A–15

Table A–4 Drive Request Sense - Additional Sense Code Values
Sense
Code and
Qualifier
(hex)

Sense
Key

Description (Bytes 12 and 13)

00 00

0H - NS

No Additional Sense Information

02 00

4H - HE

No ESDI Command Complete

04 01

2H - NR

LUN in Process of Becoming Ready

04 02

2H - NR

LUN Not Ready, Initializing Command Required

04 03

2H - NR

LUN Not Ready, Manual Intervention Needed

04 04

2H - NR

LUN Not Ready, Format in Progress

06 00

4H - HE

No Reference Position Found

09 01

4H - HE

Tracking Servo Failure

09 02

4H - HE

Focus Servo Failure

09 03

4H - HE

Spindle Servo Failure

0C 01

1H - RE

Write Error Recovered with Auto Reallocation

0C 02

3H - ME

Write Error - Auto Reallocation Failed

10 00

4H - HE

ID CRC or ECC Error

11 00

3H - ME

Unrecovered Read Error

11 02

3H - ME

Error Too Long to Correct

11 07

3H - ME

Data Resynchronization Error

11 0B

3H - ME

Uncorrected Read Error - Recommend reassignment

11 0C

3H - ME

Uncorrected Read Error - Recommend rewrite

11 80

3H - ME

Unrecovered error, sparing failed

12 00

3H - ME

Address Mark Not Found for ID Field

13 00

3H - ME

Address Mark Not Found for Data Field

15 01

4H - ME

Mechanical Positioning Error

17 01

1H - RE

Recovered Data With Retries

17 05

1H - RE

Recovered Data Using Previous Sector ID

17 80

1H - RE

Recovered Data With Retries, Data Auto Reallocated

17 81

1H - RE

Recovered data - Auto Reallocate Failed

18 00

1H - RE

Recovered Read Data With ECC Procedure
(continued on next page)

A–16 Offline Diagnostic Information

Table A–4 (Cont.) Drive Request Sense - Additional Sense Code Values
Sense
Code and
Qualifier
(hex)

Sense
Key

Description (Bytes 12 and 13)

18 01

1H - RE

Recovered Data With ECC/Retries

18 02

1H - RE

Recovered Data With ECC/Retries, Data Auto Reallocated

19 01

3H - ME

Defect List Not Available

19 02

3H - ME

Defect List Error in Primary List

19 03

3H - ME

Defect List Error in Grown List

1A 00

5H - IR

Parameter List Length Error

1C 01

3H - ME

Primary Defect Lists Not Found

1C 02

3H - ME

Grown Defect Lists Not Found

1D 00

3H - ME

Miscompare During Verify Operation

20 00

5H - IR

Invalid Command Operation Code

21 00

5H - IR

Illegal Logical Block Address

22 00

5H - IR

Illegal Function

24 00

5H - IR

Invalid Field In CDB

25 00

5H - IR

Invalid LUN

26 00

5H - IR

Invalid Field In Parameter List

27 00

7H - DP

Write Protected

28 00

6H - UA

Medium Changed

29 00

6H - UA

Power-On, Reset or Bus Device Reset Occurred

29 80

4H - HE

Power-on, Reset or Bus Device Reset Occurred and Selftest
Failed

2A 01

6H - UA

Mode Parameters Changed

2F 00

BH - AC

Commands Cleared by Initiator

30 01

3H - ME

Cannot Read Medium - Unknown Format

30 02

3H - ME

Cannot Read Medium - Incompatible Format

31 00

3H - ME

Medium Format Corrupted

32 00

3H - ME

No Defect Spare Location Available

32 01

3H - ME

Defect List Update Error
(continued on next page)

Offline Diagnostic Information A–17

Table A–4 (Cont.) Drive Request Sense - Additional Sense Code Values
Sense
Code and
Qualifier
(hex)

Sense
Key

Description (Bytes 12 and 13)

3A 00

2H - NR

Medium Not Present

3D 00

5H - IR

Invalid Bits in Identify Message

3F 01

6H - UA

Microcode Has Been Changed

3F 03

6H - UA

Inquiry Data Has Changed

44 00

4H - HE

Internal target failure

40 80

4H - HE

Diagnostic Failure in NVRAM Odometers

40 81

4H - HE

Diagnostic Failure in NVRAM Configurations

40 82

4H - HE

Diagnostic Failure in NVRAM Logs

40 83

4H - HE

DSP Poweron Failure

40 84

4H - HE

DM Exception (unexpected flag)

43 00

BH - AC

Message Error

47 00

BH - AC

SCSI Parity Error

48 00

BH - AC

Initiator Detected Error

4E 00

BH - AC

Overlapped Commands Attempted

53 00

4H - HE

Media Load/Unload Failed

53 02

5H - IR

Medium Removal Prevented

55 00

2H - NR

System Resource Failure (xaction queue full)

92 00

8H - BC

Overwrite Attempted

93 00

8H - BC

Empty Sector Detected

94 00

8H - BC

Written Sector Detected

95 00

2H NR

Power Interruption Pending

A–18 Offline Diagnostic Information

Table A–5 HP-Specific Drive Error Codes
Error
Code
(hex)

Message

0201

No seek complete

0202

No reference position found

0203

Tracking servo failed

0204

Focus servo failed

0205

Spindle servo failed

0206

Mechanical position error

0207

Load unload failed

0208

DSP download failed

0209

DSP import x failed

020A

DSP import y failed

020B

DSP import p failed

020C

DSP export x failed

020D

DSP export y failed

020E

DSP export p failed

020F

DSP upload log failed

0210

DSP log checksum failed

0211

DSP passthru failed

0212

Fault spinup failed

0213

Recalibrate optical disk gain failed

0214

DSP log command error

0215

DSP log unsupported

0216

DSP log status error

0220

Active sector SPDET error

0221

Active sector empty sector

0222

Data DMA error

0223

PECC DMA error

0224

EDAC shift register error
(continued on next page)

Offline Diagnostic Information A–19

Table A–5 (Cont.) HP-Specific Drive Error Codes
Error
Code
(hex)

Message

0225

ID CRC OR ECC error

0226

Data resync error

0227

Address mark error

0228

Sync mark error

0229

Incompatible format

022A

Active sector ENDEC unexpected

022B

Active sector higain with syncdet error

022C

Active sector syncmark dubbed error

022D

Active sector underflow/overflow error

022E

Active sector not empty

022F

Active sector no DSP status

0230

ENDEC locked on sector

0231

ENDEC locked prearmed

0232

ENDEC locked unexpected

0240

SEQ no transfer started

0241

SEQ unexpected EOHG

0242

SEQ unexpected status

0250

Media recognition failed

0251

Prearmed Watchdog timeout

0260

DM Task bad event

0261

DM mailbox bad event

0262

Next CD bad state

0263

Next operation bad state

0264

DM retry sector operations bad state

0265

Retry drive state bad state

0266

Retry sector operations bad state

0267

DM retry operations, bad operation type
(continued on next page)

A–20 Offline Diagnostic Information

Table A–5 (Cont.) HP-Specific Drive Error Codes
Error
Code
(hex)

Message

02FF

DM abort transaction

2001

DSP recovery

2002

DSP error

2003

DSP fault

2004

DSP warning

2011

Active sector DSP recovery

2012

Active sector DSP error

2013

Active sector DSP fault

2014

Active sector DSP warning

2021

DSP unsolicited recovery

2022

DSP unsolicited error

2023

DSP unsolicited fault

2024

DSP unsolicited warning

202A

DSP unresponsive

202B

DSP over responsive

202C

DSP poweron failure

3001

SCSI controller kill error

3002

SCSI controller message error

3003

SCSI controller command error

3004

SCSI controller RAM error

3005

SCSI controller register error

3006

SCSI controller FIFO error

3007

SCSI controller target sequence error

3008

SCSI controller command sequence error

3009

SCSI controller STS sequence error

3010

Reselection timeout

4101

Error too long to correct
(continued on next page)

Offline Diagnostic Information A–21

Table A–5 (Cont.) HP-Specific Drive Error Codes
Error
Code
(hex)

Message

4102

Data CRC failure

4103

ECC errors in interleave threshold exceeded

4401

DDS sector not found

4402

DDS reserved field not zero

4403

PDL reserved field not zero

4404

SDL reserved field not zero

4405

DDS ID field invalid

4406

PDL indicator field invalid

4407

Number of user groups (G) field invalid

4408

Number of user blocks per group (N) field invalid

4409

Number of spare blocks per group (M) field invalid

440A

User + spare blocks too large for media

440B

PDL sector not found

440C

SDL sector not found

440D

PDL length field invalid

440E

SDL number of sublists field not equal to one

440F

SDL list length field invalid

4410

PDL list incomplete

4411

PDL list not sorted

4412

PDL entry invalid

4413

SDL list incomplete

4414

SDL list not sorted

4415

SDL defect entry invalid

4416

SDL replacement entry invalid

4417

SDL defect entry in a spare group

4418

SDL replacement entry in a user group

4419

Too many defects (PDL + DSL)
(continued on next page)

A–22 Offline Diagnostic Information

Table A–5 (Cont.) HP-Specific Drive Error Codes
Error
Code
(hex)

Message

441A

DMA length too short for PDL to exist

441B

DMA length too short for SDL to exist

441C

No spare remaining

441D

Number of SDLs greater than total spares allocated

441E

DDS ID invalid for CCW media

441F

CCW media rejected

4420

Certification, erase pass failure

4421

Certification, write pass failure

4422

Certification, verify pass failure

4423

Certification, no defects remain

4424

Certification aborted

4425

No SD list for certification erase

4426

No maximum SD list for certification erase

4427

No SD list for certification write

4428

No maximum SD list for certification write

4429

No SD list for certification verify

442A

No maximum SD list for certification verify

442B

No write image memory available for certification

442C

No write buffer memory available for certification

442D

No SD list for reassign blocks read

442E

No SD list for reassign blocks write

442F

No SD list for reassign blocks read long

4430

No SD list for reassign blocks write long

4431

Reassign blocks, unexpected CD before read

4432

Reassign blocks, unexpected CD before write

4433

Reassign blocks, unexpected CD before read long

4434

Reassign Blocks, unexpected CD before write long
(continued on next page)

Offline Diagnostic Information A–23

Table A–5 (Cont.) HP-Specific Drive Error Codes
Error
Code
(hex)

Message

4435

Reassign blocks, can’t move data on CCW

4436

No defect maps found

4437

PDL duplicate entry found

4438

SDL duplicate entry found

4439

SFP not found

443A

SFP format field invalid

443B

SFP modulation field invalid

443C

SFP angular velocity field invalid

443D

SFP ECC code field invalid

443E

SFP sector size differs from detected

443F

SFP sectors in track 0 invalid

4440

SFP medium type invalid

4441

SFP largest track less than or equal to zero, invalid

4442

SFP download P-block failed

4443

DMA write failed all attempts

4444

EWR calibration error, no memory

4445

EWR calibration error, retries failed

4446

Spare retries were exhausted

4447

No memory for next spare table

4448

No working memory for read maps

4449

Retry error after DM error

444A

Sector was spared successfully

444B

No SD list for Reassign Blocks erase

444C

Reassign Blocks, unexpected CD before erase

444D

Format, number of user groups

444E

Format, number of user sectors per group

444F

Format, number of spare sectors per group
(continued on next page)

A–24 Offline Diagnostic Information

Table A–5 (Cont.) HP-Specific Drive Error Codes
Error
Code
(hex)

Message

4450

Sparing, empty sector following spare attempt

4451

Sparing, overwritten sector following spare attempt

4452

DMA 1 write failed

4453

DMA 2 write failed

4454

DMA 3 write failed

Be aware that error codes printed in boldface type are unique to a 1.3-Gbyte,
Multifunction Drive.
4455

SFP at outer diameter is invalid

4456

SFP at inner diameter is invalid

4457

SFP track pitch is invalid

4458

SFP number of bands is invalid

4459

SFP banding constant is invalid

445A

SFP number revolutions per band is invalid

445B

SFP media type differs

445C

SDL ID is invalid

445D

SDL 2X group kind invalid

445E

Format, no replacement CD available

445F

Too many PDL entries per band

4460

Format, initial erase maps failed

4461

DMA erase during write failed

4462

Blank check during format/certification failed

4463

No SD list for certification blank check

4464

No maximum SD list for certification blank check

8201

Previous sector ID

8401

Recovered data spare failed
(continued on next page)

Offline Diagnostic Information A–25

Table A–5 (Cont.) HP-Specific Drive Error Codes
Error
Code
(hex)

Message

C000

Invalid diagnostic test

C001

C002

RAM test error

C003

Checksum error

C004

CPU test error

C005

Forced test error

C006

NVRAM test error

C007

Microprocessor test error

C008

Microprocessor ROM test error

C009

Microprocessor RAM test error

C00A

EDAC test error

C00B

SEQ test error

C00C

ENDEC test error

C00D

Active sector test error

C00E

HMAC test error

C00F

Buffer RAM test error

C010

Data loopback error

C020

Connector loopback DBO IO error

C021

Connector loopback DB1 CD error

C022

Connector loopback DB2 MSG error

C023

Connector loopback DB3 REQ error

C024

Connector loopback DB4 ACK error

C025

Connector loopback DB5 ATN error

C026

Connector loopback DB6 SEL error

C027

Connector loopback DB7 BSY error

C028

Connector loopback DBP RST error

A–26 Offline Diagnostic Information

A.4 Offline Diagnostics
A diagnostic utility called DOSDASS2 is available from Hewlett-Packard for
accessing the optical disk library through the SCSI bus.
DOSDASS2 fully exercises either standalone multifunction optical drives or
autochangers that contain multifunction optical drives. Information for getting
and using DOSDASS2 is found in Appendix B.

Offline Diagnostic Information A–27

B
Basic Supplies and Reorderable Parts
B.1 Basic Supplies and Reorderable Parts
While no special tools are required to service the optical library, there are some
commonly used items that may be stocked and available as an area resource.
Item

HP Part Number

Digital Part Number

Rewritable Optical Disk Cartridges
(512 bytes/sector) Formatted capacity is
594 Mbytes per disk†

RWX1K-01 (30-38754-01)

Rewritable Optical Disk Cartridges
(512 bytes/sector) Formatted capacity is
1.2 Gbytes per disk†

RWX5K-01 (30-38754-02)

Quantity 5 of RWX1K-01 Cartridges

DL-RWX1K-AA

Write-Once Optical Disk Cartridges
(512 bytes/sector) Formatted capacity is
594 Mbytes per disk†

RWX1K-02 (30-40952-01)

Write-Once Optical Disk Cartridges
(512 bytes/sector) Formatted capacity is
1.2 Gbytes per disk†

RWX5K-02 (30-40952-02)

Quantity 5 of RWX1K-02 Cartridges

DL-RWX1K-BA

0.9m (3 ft) SCSI jumper cable; Champ to
Champ connectors

BC09K-03

1.8m (6 ft) SCSI interface cable

BC06P-06 (17-02659-02)

2.7m (9 ft) SCSI interface cable
(External UPS); Champ to Honda
connectors

C1708-60080

Power cord
Single-ended SCSI terminator

BC09D-09
(Storage Server)
RW1KA-AA

K2291

H8574-A

†To reorder media, call 1-800-DIGITAL or 1-800-344-4825

Basic Supplies and Reorderable Parts B–1

Item

HP Part Number

Differential SCSI terminator‡

A1658-62024

115 V replacement fuse 3A 250 V‡

2110-0003

230 V replacement fuse 3A 250 V‡

2110-0780

Eject tool‡

C1708-88803

Optical disk cleaning kit‡

C1700-88800

Optical disk cleaner accessory kit (extra
swabs and alcohol)‡

C1700-88801

Optical Disk Library System Technical
Reference Manual

5959-3559
(GSD)

Technical Guide Optical Drives and
Libraries

5960-7605

Optical Drive and Library SCSI-2
Command Reference

5960-7606

Offline Diagnostics for HP Optical
Products ‡

5960-7626

Digital Part Number

‡These parts can be ordered directly from the Hewlett-Packard SMO facility in California. Call
1-800-227-8164 between the hours of 6 A.M. and 5 P.M. Pacific Standard Time.

B–2 Basic Supplies and Reorderable Parts

The Instruction Manual for the Offline PC based diagnostics, DOSDASS2, can
also be ordered from the Hewlett-Packard SMO facility in California. The title of
this manual is Offline Diagnostics for Hewlett-Packard Optical Products and the
part number is 5960-7626. Extra copies may be available from Digital’s Storage
External Products Continuation Engineering Group in Shrewsbury (SHR), MA.
NOTE
To run the DOSDASS2 diagnostics, you must have an IBM AT-compatible
computer, an adapter interface board (152x/154x), a SCSI cable, and the
Offline Diagnostics for Hewlett-Packard Optical Products manual.
All other manuals and the DOSDASS2 diagnostic software are available from the
Hewlett-Packard Support Center in Greeley, Colorado. Call the Hewlett-Packard
Support Hotline, (303) 350-4646, to order. Diagnostics and SCSI-2 Command
Reference manuals are also available from internal CSC or from the Storage
External Products, Continuation Engineering Group in Shrewsbury (SHR), MA.
RECTO_HEAD>(CANCEL_H)

Basic Supplies and Reorderable Parts B–3

C
Connecting Multiple Optical Libraries
If the back panel of your host computer is configured with more than one
SCSI port, you can attach an Optical Library to each port. See Section C.1 for
directions.
You can also connect two units to a single SCSI port on your host computer by
daisy-chaining the units together; that is, by connecting the first Optical Library
to the host computer, and then connecting the second Optical Library to the first
Optical Library. See Section C.2 for directions.
Note
Only two Optical Library units may be daisy-chained together and
connected to a single SCSI port. Each SCSI port is limited to a total of
seven SCSI addresses, therefore, the large unit (RW514/RW516) is not
supported for daisy chaining because each unit has 5 IDs.

If two Optical Library units are daisy-chained to one SCSI port on the host
computer, you must properly terminate the SCSI chain by installing the SCSI
terminator in the second SCSI port of the second Optical Library. See Section C.2
for directions. You must also set a new SCSI address for the autochanger
controller and the two optical disk drives of the second Optical Library unit. See
Section C.2.1 for directions.

C.1 Connecting Two Optical Library Units to Two SCSI
Ports
To connect two Optical Library units to separate SCSI ports on your host
computer, first check the back panel of your host computer to see that two SCSI
ports are available. SCSI ports are marked by the PMAZ label and the SCSI icon:

Connecting Multiple Optical Libraries C–1

ZS-0557-MH

If there are two SCSI ports available, uncrate and prepare each Optical Library
for connection to the host computer.
Change SCSI IDs for drive and controller address if necessary before connecting
to the host computer.
Plug the 50-pin Honda connector of the SCSI cable from the first Optical Library
unit into the lowest-numbered SCSI port on the host computer back panel.
Then, plug the 50-pin Honda connector of the SCSI cable from the second Optical
Library unit into the next-lowest-numbered SCSI port on the host computer back
panel.
For example, if option slots 0 and 2 are labeled PMAZ and have the SCSI icon,
plug the SCSI cable from the first Optical Library unit into the 50-hole connector
in option slot 0, and plug the second Optical Library unit into option slot 2.

C.2 Connecting Two Optical Library Units to One SCSI
Port
To connect two Optical Library units to one SCSI port on your host computer,
uncrate and prepare each Optical Library for connection to the host computer.
Then, see Figure C–1 and follow these steps:

C–2 Connecting Multiple Optical Libraries

Figure C–1 Connecting Two Deskside Optical Library Units (RW510/RW530) to
One SCSI Port
SCSI
Jumper Cable
First Unit

Second Unit

SCSI Cable
to Host

50-Pin
Connector

68-Pin Connector

Second
SCSI Port
on First Unit

Terminator
First SCSI
Port on
Second Unit
ZS-0560-MH

1. If you have already connected one Optical Library to the host system, then go
to the next list item.
If you have not already connected one Optical Library to the host system,
then locate the lowest-numbered SCSI port on the host computer back panel.
Each SCSI port is labeled with the option identifier PMAZ and the SCSI icon:

ZS-0557-MH

Connecting Multiple Optical Libraries C–3

Plug the 50-pin Honda connector of the SCSI cable from the first Optical Library
unit into the lowest-numbered SCSI port on the host computer.
2. Remove the terminator from the second SCSI port on the back panel of the
first Optical Library if a terminator is in place.
Plug the terminator into the second SCSI port of the second Optical Library.
The second SCSI port is the port furthest from the Drive Address Select
Switches.
3. Locate the 50-pin Champ to 50-pin Champ SCSI jumper cable shipped in the
box marked OPEN FIRST.
4. Plug one end of the SCSI jumper cable into the second SCSI port on the
first Optical Library (the port from which you removed the terminator). The
connector is keyed so that it only attaches one way. Lock the wire brackets
into the grooves on the sides of the connector.
5. Plug the other end of the SCSI jumper cable into the first SCSI port on the
back of the second Optical Library. The first SCSI port is the port nearest the
Drive Address Select Switches. Lock the wire brackets into the grooves on the
sides of the connector. If you have not already done so, place the terminator
on the second port of the second Optical Library.
Then, complete the installation by following the directions in Section C.2.1 to
change the SCSI addresses of the second Optical Library.
If the first Optical Library is not already connected to the host system, connect
the first Optical Library unit to the host by following the instructions in your host
system documentation, after SCSI IDs are changed.

C.2.1 Resetting Controller and Drive SCSI Addresses
If two Optical Library units are daisy-chained together such that the first
Optical Library unit is connected to one SCSI port on the host computer and the
second unit is connected to the SCSI port on the first Optical Library, the SCSI
addresses of the second unit’s controller and disk drives must be reset so that
they are different from the controller and drive addresses of the first unit. Follow
the instructions in Section 3.4 to reset the controller and optical disk drive SCSI
addresses.
The autochanger controller default SCSI address is 3 for both the medium and
small units. Leave the SCSI address of the autochanger controller in the first
Optical Library unit set to the current ID number, and change the address of the
controller in the second unit to an unused ID number by performing the following
steps.

C–4 Connecting Multiple Optical Libraries

1. To avoid bus conflicts, before changing defaults, first verify the IDs of all SCSI
devices connected to the host system and the autochanger and drive IDs of
the first Optical Library.
2. Shut down the host system.
3. Ensure that the Optical Library is switched on. For the small unit, go to step
5.
4. With READY displayed, press OPTION . TEST * displays.
5. Press NEXT until SCSI IDs * displays.
6. Press ENTER . AC ID # displays where # may be the default number indicated
in Table 4-2 or the current address.
This is the Autochanger controller address. If you want to change this
address press ENTER , otherwise continue to press NEXT until the drive
number whose address you want to change is displayed, (DRV1 ID 1, DRV2
ID 2, etc)
7. Press PREV or NEXT until the desired address number displays.
8. Press ENTER . The message SET # displays. Address is now set.
9. If you want to change additional drive addresses, Press NEXT until that drive
number is displayed and repeate steps 6 through 8 to set the new address.
10. Press NEXT until UPDATE or CONFLICT displays.
If CONFLICT displays, two or more drives and/or the controller have been set
to the same address and must be reset.
If UPDATE displays and you are satisfied with the address you have selected,
press ENTER .
11. Record the new address settings for future reference.

Connecting Multiple Optical Libraries C–5

CAUTION
Do not press the Optical Library operation switch (located on the front
panel) or the power switch (located on the rear panel) until you are sure
that the SCSI bus is inactive. Pressing either button when the bus is
active can cause data loss and indeterminate bus states.
Check the host system reference manuals for information on checking the
status of the SCSI bus.

12. Push the operation switch (located on the Optical Library front panel) off and
then back on so the new address setting is recognized by the host system.

C–6 Connecting Multiple Optical Libraries

Index
A
Accessing the Autochanger Chassis, 5–7
Rackmount option, 5–7
AEC, A–3
Assemblies, 5–44
Non-Exchange, 5–45
Assembly/Disassembly Procedures, 5–3
Autochanger
Movements, 6–1
Autochanger Configuration Choices, 3–12
Autochanger controller
changing SCSI address, C–4 to C–6
Autochanger Controller PCA, 5–15
Autochanger Controller PCA RAM, 5–42
Re-initializing, 5–42
Autochanger Mechanism, 6–4

B
Basic Supplies, B–1

C
Cabinet, 5–4
Cable
See SCSI
Carriage Leadscrew, 5–32
Carriage Motor, 5–31
Carriage/Picker Assembly, 5–25
Cleaning, 4–8
Tools, 4–9

Clearance Requirements, 2–1
Commands
Group 0, 6–32
Group 1 and 2, 6–33
Commands
Group 5, 6–34
Configuration 16, 5–42
Configuration 18, 5–43
Configurations, 1–2
Deskside, 1–3
Horizontal Rackmount, 1–3
Contents of Shipment, 2–3
Control Panel, 3–1
Control Panel Error Information, 4–1
Controller PCA, 6–4, 6–13
Cover
rear cover removal, 2–7

D
Daisy-chain
defined, C–1
installation, C–2
Deskside Configuration, 1–3
Diagnostic Test Command Descriptions,
4–33
Diagnostics, 4–1, 4–32
Electronic Core Tests, 4–38
Internal Diagnostic Tests, 4–32
Offline Diagnostics, 4–32
Sequence Tests, 4–34
Test Command Descriptions, 4–33
Differential SCSI Interface, 1–9

Index–1

Disk Formats, 6–15
Drive Defect Management, 6–22
Drive SCSI-2 Reference, A–13
DSP Microprocessor and Support/Servo
Control Loops, 6–13

E
Electronic Core Tests, 4–38
Electronics and Mechanism Access, 5–11
Environmental Requirements, 2–1
Environmental Specifications, 1–13
Error Detection, 6–26, 6–27
Hardware Error Codes, 6–30
Move Errors, 6–29
SCSI Detected Errors, 6–28
Error Information, 4–1, 4–2, 4–31
Installation, 4–1, 4–2
Operation, 4–1, 4–2
through SCSI Commands, 4–31
Error Recovery, 6–26, 6–28
Error Thresholds, 6–25
ESD Precautions, 5–2
External Ground, 2–2

F
Field-Replaceable Assemblies, 5–1
FIND HOME Sequence, 4–41
Front Panel, 3–1, 5–6

G
g=16
Values for n and m for 1.3-Gbyte, 6–21
Group 0 Commands, 6–32
Group 1 and 2 Commands, 6–33
Group 5 Commands, 6–34

H
Hardware Error Codes, 6–30
Hardware Errors, 4–17, 4–29
Additional Explanation of Some
Hardware Error Codes, 4–29
Error Codes, 4–17

Index–2

Hardware Errors (cont’d)
Recovery Procedures, 4–17
Hardware Verification, 2–9
Horizontal Rackmount Configuration,
1–3
Host Configuration, 3–11
HP-Specific Error Codes, A–19

I
Information Logs, 4–16, 4–51, 6–30
Installation
attaching cables, 2–7
attaching terminator, 2–7
two or more units, C–1
using daisy-chain, C–2
Installation Procedures, 2–2
Installing Optical Library Unit, 2–3
Interconnect PCA, 5–40

L
Leadscrew-side Carriage Way (rail), 5–36
Location Requirements, 2–1

M
Magneto-Optical Disks, 1–7
Mailslot, 5–38
Mechanism Assembly, 6–14
Micro-Move Reference, 4–46
MO Drives, 5–20
Move Errors, 6–29
Moving the Optical Disk Library, 2–10,
2–11
Long Distance, 2–11
Short Distance, 2–10
Multifunction Magneto-Optical Drives,
6–12

Product Operation, 3–1

N
Non-Exchange Assemblies, 5–45

O
Offline Diagnostic Information, A–1
System Error Report, A–1
Offline Diagnostics, A–27
Operating Temperature, 2–1
Optical Disk Cleaning, 4–8
Optical Disk Layout
650-Mbyte Capacity, 6–15
User Zone Layout, 650-Mbyte Capacity,
6–16
Optical Disk Layout and Error Correction,
6–15
Optical Drive Mechanism, 1–7
Optical Head, 6–14

P
Pass Documents, 1–18
Physical Characteristics, 1–12, 1–15
Physical Revolution to Logical Track
Layout, 6–21
Picker Motor, 5–33
Power cord installation, 2–7 to 2–8
Power Requirements, 1–13
Power Supply Fan, 5–39
Power Supply Module, 5–13, 6–6
AC PCA, 6–7
DC PCA, 6–9
Power Supply Specifications, 6–11
Power switch, 2–8
Power-on Self-tests, 4–6
Preventative Maintenance, 2–13
Primary Power, 2–2
Product Certifications, 1–16
Product Configuration, 3–1
Product Features, 1–1
Product Matrix, 1–9

R
Re-initializing Autochanger Controller
PCA RAM, 5–42
Read and Write Channel Electronics,
6–14
Real Time Event Logging, 6–30
Rear Panel, 3–5, 5–5
Recommended Service Kit, 5–44
Recovery from Hardware Errors, 4–17
Related Documents, 1–17
Removal and Replacement, 5–1
Autochanger Controller PCA, 5–15
Cabinet, 5–4
Carriage Leadscrew, 5–32
Carriage Motor, 5–31
Carriage/Picker Assembly, 5–25
Front Panel, 5–6
Interconnect PCA, 5–40
Leadscrew-side Carriage Way (rail),
5–36
Mailslot, 5–38
MO Drives, 5–20
Picker Motor, 5–33
Power Supply Fan, 5–39
Power Supply Module, 5–13
Rear Panel, 5–5
SCSI Repeater PCA, 5–19
Service Access, 5–3
Tools Required, 5–2
Removing a Disk from the Drive, 4–9
Using the Eject Tool, 4–9
Removing the Autochanger Controller
PCA, 5–15
Removing the Carriage Leadscrew, 5–32
Removing the Carriage Motor, 5–31
Removing the Carriage/Picker Assembly,
5–25
Removing the Front Panel, 5–9
Rackmount option, 5–9
Removing the Interconnect PCA, 5–40

Index–3

Removing the Leadscrew-side Carriage
Way (rail), 5–36
Removing the Mailslot, 5–38
Removing the Picker Motor, 5–33
Removing the Power Supply Fan, 5–39
Removing the Power Supply Module,
5–13
Removing the SCSI Repeater PCA, 5–19
Removing the Shipping Bracket, 2–6
Removing/Replacing the MO Drives, 5–20
Reorderable Parts, B–1
Replaceable Parts, 5–44
Replacement Sparing Algorithm, 6–24
Restricting Disk Insertion and Removal,
3–9

S
SCSI
address conflict, C–4
cable attachment, 2–7
cable connector, 2–7
changing controller address, C–4 to
C–6
jumper cable, C–4
port location, 2–7
terminator attachment, 2–7
SCSI Cable, 2–7
SCSI Command Set, 6–32
SCSI Controller, 6–13
SCSI Detected Errors, 6–28
SCSI Interface, 6–31
Differential, 1–9
Single-ended, 1–8
SCSI Interface Options, 1–8
SCSI Repeater PCA, 5–19
SCSI Terminator, 2–7
Security Code, 3–8, 3–9
Restricting Disk Insertion and
Removal, 3–9
Setting, 3–8
Setting CONF 15 or CONF 20, 3–9
Sequence Tests, 4–34

Index–4

Service Access, 5–3
Service Characteristics, 1–15
Servo PCA, 6–13
Setting a Configuration, 3–7
Setting a Security Code, 3–8
Setting CONF 15 or CONF 20, 3–9
Setting the Disk Library Addresses, 3–10
Shipping Bracket, 2–6, 2–13
Attaching, 2–13
Removal, 2–6
Single-ended SCSI Interface, 1–8
Slip Sparing Algorithm, 6–24
Specifications, 1–10
Environmental Specifications, 1–13
Physical Characteristics, 1–12
Power Requirements, 1–13
Power Supply, 6–11

T
Terminator, 2–7, C–1, C–4
Theory of Operation, 6–1
Autochanger, 6–1
Autochanger Mechanism, 6–4
Controller PCA, 6–4, 6–13
Data Buffer, 6–13
Drive Defect Management, 6–22
DSP Microprocessor and Support/Servo
Control Loops, 6–13
Formatter/Sequencer, 6–13
Loader Mechanism, 6–14
Mechanism Assembly, 6–14
Optical Head, 6–14
Power Supply Module, 6–6
Read and Write Channel Electronics,
6–14
SCSI Controller, 6–13
Servo PCA, 6–13
Troubleshooting, 4–1, 4–10
FRU Isolation Test Sequence, 4–15
Information Logs, 4–16
Results of the Internal Tests, 4–13
Using the Control Panel, 4–10

TroubleshootingAutochanger Lists the
First "Possibles", 4–11

U
Uninterruptible Power Supply, 2–9
Installation, 2–9
Unpacking Procedures, 2–2

UPS, 2–9

V
Values for n and m for 1.3-Gbyte with
g=16, 6–21
Variables set by Configuration 16, 5–42
Variables set by Configuration 18, 5–43

Index–5