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Document:	KY11-R Family of Electronic Consoles User Guide
Order Number:	EK-KY11R-UG
Revision:	003
Pages:	102
Original Filename:

OCR Text

REMOTE

UinGi DSl
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KY11-R FAMILY OF ELECTRONIC CONSOLES
USER GUIDE

EK-KY11R-UG-003

o
C

digital

KY11-R Family
of Electronic Consoles

equipment corporation - maynard, massachusetts

1st Edition, J afiuary 1979
2nd Edition, October 1979

3rd Edition, August 1980

The material in this manual is for 1nformat10nal purposes and is

subject to change without notice.

Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility for any
errors which may appear in this manual.

Printed in U.S.A.

This document was set on DIGITAL’s DECset-8000 computerized
typesetting system.

The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation, |
‘Maynard, Massachusetts:

DIGITAL

DECsystem-10

MASSBUS

DEC

DECSYSTEM-20

OMNIBUS

PDP
DECUS
UNIBUS

DIBOL
EDUSYSTEM
VAX

0S/8
RSTS
RSX

VMS

IAS

3/82-15

CONTENTS

e T e

e
e
T

CHAPTER 1

CHAPTER 2

INTRODUCTION
General ........ooviiiiiiiin.. e e 1-1
KY11-R Components and Variations ...........
... ... .o 1-1

MICIOCOAE
. o oo

e
e
e 1-1
Remote Diagnosis. . .....cooiiiii i e e 1-3
Operating System SeCUrty .. ... ..ottt
e et eanen, e 1-3

CONTROLS AND INDICATORS

2.1

SCOPE - v

2.2

Keyswitch ............. e

2.2.1
22.2
223

224
2.2.5
2.3

2.4

e e e 2-1

et
e
ee
Off ............. T P
Local Disable.............. FE
S
Local .............. P PR e

2-1

2-1
2-2
2-2

Remote Disable . ........ooviiiiinanno.... [ 2-2
REMOtE ..ottt e

e e 2-2

Run 1-Halt-Run O (Power-Fail Restart Switch) .............. P .23
Lamp Test (Pushbutton Switch). . ....... ...t... 23

2.5

Power Indicator .............
.. ... . . .
L. e e 2-3

2.6

Disable Indicator .................. e O . 2-3

2.7

Remote Indicator ............... e

2.8

Carrier Indicator. ................ e

e e 2-4

e PR 2-4

2.9

Test Indicator .............
... ... ...... PP 2-4

2.10

Fault Indicator ....... e PO P e e 2-4

CHAPTER 3

OPERATION

3.1

SO - v v v et et e

3.2

Operating Procedure ............ e

3.2.1

JJoadMedia ... S 3-1

3.2.2
3.2.2.1

P 3-1
e e 3-1

Power Up; Observe Self-Test ................ e 3-2
Self-Test Error Detection. . ..........ooiiiininininen.n..i, 3-2

3.2.3

Perform Bootstrap Procedure.................. e, 3-3

3.2.4

Set Switch Register . ... oot
e
e e 3-3

3.2.5
3.3

3.3.1

Set Power-Fail Restart Switch. .............e

Operating States........ e

e e e

e et

e e 3-3

e 3-3

Console State . ..., e . e 3-3

CONTENTS (Cont)
3.3.2

Program I/O State. . ........ ... .. .. . e 34T

3.3.3

Talk State . ....................... [ JR

3-7

Familiarization EXercises . .......... . i 3-7

34.1

Examine Contents of a Location (Basic Commands) ......................

3.4.1.1

Examine Contents of a Location (Multiple

3.4.1.2

3-11

Function Commands) ......... 3-11

Examine Contents of a Location (Hexadecimal Notation)................ 3-11

3.4.2

Change Contents of a Location (Basic Commands)........................ 3-12

Change the Contents of a Locatlon (Multiple Function Command)........ 3-12

3.4.2.1
3.4.3

Examine a Register. .................... e e

3-13

3.4.4

A Simple Program Exercise. .. ...................... [ P

B K

CHAPTER 4

OPERATING COMMANDS

4.1

Scope .............. e e [ L

4.2

Command Format .......................... e e 4-1,

4.2.1

Argument Separator (,)........ PP R 4

4.2.2
4.3

ATGUMENt.
. . oot F T

4-1

4-2

Console Control Commands. ...................... e e 4-2

43.1

Command <CTRL/E>, Read CPU Identlty ...... e 4-2

432

Command <CTRL/R>, Read or Load Console Control Reglster .......... .. 4-2

4.3.3

Command V, Verify Console Loglc ......................................- 4-5

4.3.4

Command <CTRL/P>, Set Console State............... R 4-5

- 4.3.5

Command Z, SetProgramI/O State . ........... e 455

4.3.6

Command <CTRL/L>, Set Talk State.......... P .. 46

- 4.3.77

Command
$, Set Register Address.................ooiviiiieeeiee.... 4-6

43.8

Command° (Single Quote), Select Octal Data Display Format ........... 4T

4.3.9

Command “ (Double Quote), Select Hexadecimal Data Display Format . . ... .47

4.3.10

Command <DELETE>, Delete Last Character Typed................... .. 4-8

43.11

Command <CTRL/U>, Delete All Characters of Current Type—In. e L. 49

4.4

CPUControl Basic Commands ..............
.. ... .. ..... P e 4-9

441

- Command A, Display Address Information . .

442

- Command <CTRL/D>, Dump Memory ............... . P 4-10

P 4-10

4423

Command E, Examine Memory ..................... e . 4-11

444

Command M, Read Memory Data Display .............................. 4-11

4.4.5

Command R, Read Switch Register . .. ..... e 4-12

4.4.6

Command T, Read CPU Status ............
... .. ... ... ...
.. e Lo 4-12

4.4.7

Command U, Read UNIBUS Status . .......... P o 4-12
Command D, Deposit.................. . e P 4-12

4.4.8
449

4.4.10
4.4.11

Command L, Load Address............ S ... 4-13

Command W, Write Switch Register........ e

e e e . 4-13

Command C, Continue Program Instruction Execution ................... . 4-13

4.4.12

Command G, GoO. ...t e e 4-13

4.4.13

Command H, Halt Program Execution .............. i

4.4.14

4.4.15

Command I, Initialize CPU... ... R FE
4-14
Command P, Proceed. . ......... ..t .- 4-14

4.4.16

‘Command S, Start Program...............ST e e 4-14

4.4.17

Command J, Set Single Bus Cycle............... eS e . 415

4413

4.4.18

Command
K, Clear
Bus Cycle .......... ... .. ...

4.4.19

Command N, Execute Next Instruction. ............. ..., 4-15

4.5

4.5.1

Multiple Function CPU Command Group. ...........c.ciiiiiinnn... 4-15

Command / (Slash), Open a 16-Bit Word Location ..................... .. 4-15
1V

415

CONTENTS (Cont)
452
4.5.3
4.5.4
455

4.6

4.6.1
-

4.6.2

an 8-Bit Byte Location .................... 4-16
Command (Backslash), Open

Command <CR>, Close Location. . ................co.... e .. 4-18
Command <LF>, Open Sequential Location .......... e R 4-18

... .. oot 4-18
Command @, Open Indirect Location..........
ee 4-19
...............
System Programming Considerations
e 4-19
-A e
DL
4-20
e
e
e
KWIL-L o

CHAPTER 5 - HARDWARE FAILURE PROCEDURES |

Scope .................... 5-1
.. . 3-5
... .. .ooiin...
Electronic Console Malfunctlon (Fault Condition)..........
System Malfunction (Hardware, Hard Failure)............... e 5-6
or Software Failure) . ..................e 5-7
System Malfunction (Intermittent

APPENDIX A

CONSOLE AND ERROR MESSAGES

5.1
5.2

5.3

A.l

A.l.l

Al.2
A.1.3

- All4
A.1.5

A2.1
A2.2

A23
A.2.4

APPENDIX B

B.1

A-1
Error Messages ........... e AR e FE
A-1
.
.
7SYN ER, Syntax Error . .
A-1
......
.............
Error
PRUN ER, Illegal (If CPU Is Running) Command
A-2
e
ER/T14411, Memory Reference Error. .. .. e
?CON ER, Console Logic Fault ............ RS A-2
el e e A-2
+ , Serial Line Error .......... e e e e s
Console Messages.......ooo.... e e e P S A-2
e e A-2
# , CPU Response Tlme—out ...... e e e eaee s
*H , Programmed Halt.............. e e A-3
.o iit. e e e A3
"CAR ER,CarrierLost............
A-3
Test..oovvieiii
Self
of
Completlon
V000377 Suocessful

BOOTSTRAP PROCEDURES

M9301 Bootstrap...’;..._............. ............... P e B-1

B.3

ee s B-2
t
i e et
BMS873 and MRI11-DB BootStraps . . ..o vii i
MO9312 Bootstrap. .. .o vvvevieeeee P B-3

APPENDIX C

SPECIFICATIONS

C.1

PR C-1
o) <P
e

B.2

~ APPENDIX D ASCII CHARACTER SET

Octal Display to ASCII Translation ............. .o, D-1

APPENDIX E MICROCODE DIFFERENCES
APPENDIX F

OPERATOR’S REFERENCE SUMMARY

F.1

Instructions for Filling Out Operator’s Summary.................. e F-2

APPENDIX
G GLOSSARY/INDEX

{

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v O\
WNn S~ W N = O\ DN B LN
i ek

FIGURES
KYI11-R Electric Console. . ........ ...
i 1-2
Electronic Console Panel Controls and Indicators ..................ouoo
..., 2-1
Operating States Transition and Accessibility. . ......e
.. 34
Local Console State. ..............
i 3-5

Remote Console State ... .. ... e 3-6

Local Program I/O State. ...
Remote Program I/O State.........
... .. . .
Remote Talk State.........
... ...

3-8
3-9

3-10
Command Format . .......... 4-1
Console Control Register . .......... ..o 4-4
Address Display Multiplexer . ..........oouuee e 4-10

Command M Response Format. . ........... ... .. . 0 e
4-11
CPU Status Response Format. ........ ... ... . i 4-12
UNIBUS Response Format . ................ .0 4-12
Remote Diagnosis Hardware Failure Reportmg Procedure ..................... 5-2

Octal Display to ASCII Translation . .......... ...
. D-1

TABLES
KYI11-R Variant Summary...................... e
e
e
122
Power and Disable Indicator States. .....
... ..o
.......
, 2-3
Summary of Electronic Console Control Commands Arranged by Function. . .... 4-3
Console Control Register Bit Description. . ..., ... 44

Summary of Basic CPU Control Commands Sorted by Function ............... 4-9
Summary of Multiple Function CPU Command Group e 4-16

-M9301 Command String Definition . ..............c........... e B-2
BM873 and MR11-DB Command String Definition .. ........ e e . B-2
ASCII Character Set ................ e
D-2

Microcode Version VO1/V02 Differences ................ et e E-1

KY11-R Family of Electronic Consoles

User Guide

PDP-11/70 Electronic Console

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1

GENERAL

The microprocessor-controlled KY11-R Electronic Console adds remote diagnosis capablhty when
installedin a PDP-11/70 system. The electronic console panel replaces the traditional front panel and
assumes the traditional console panel switch and indicator functions. The operator controls the system
by typing commands at the system terminal. As shownin Figure 1-1, the consoleis inserted logically

between the system terminal and the CPU.

The console
1s primarily a service tool which remains the property of Digital Equipment Corporation
and 1s installed only within the terms of,a. Field Service Agreement.
1.2

KY11-R COMPONENTS AND VARIATIONS

The major hardware components of the option are the electronic console front panel, two modules (a
microprocessor and a multiplexer), and a modem for connection into a telephone line. Table 1-1

indicates s»ignificant, details that differentiate the variants of this option.
1.3

MICROCODE

Microcode, resident on the M8255 microprocessor module, determines the electronic console command syntax, display formats, and indicator functions. This manual documents two different microcode versions, VOl

and VO02.

Their differences are documented throughout this manual,

and

summarized in Appendix E. When using this manual with a particular system, it will be useful to know
which version applies. You may determine the microcode version in any of three ways:

Determine the CS revision level of the M8255 m1croprocessor module; revision E 1s VOI,
revision H is VO2.

If the consoleis installed and operatlve type <CTRL/P> followed by <CTRL/E> for a
system and microcode version identity message prlntout

The Operator’s Reference Summary (Appendix F) will identify the mlcrocode version 1f the
form has been filled out.

1-1

ORIGINAL PDP-11/70 CONFIGURATION

UNIBUS

PDP-11/70
CPU

MAG

SYSTEM

DISK

TAPE

TERMINAL

PDP-11/70 WITH ELECTRONIC CONSOLE

PDP-11/70

CPU

all

ZAN

ELECTRONIC

CONSOLE
LOGIC

%fi‘

DDC

MA-4319

Figure 1-1

Table 1-1

KY11-R Electric Console

KY11-R Variant Summary

Feature

-R

Used on processor type
Microcode Version VOI available

11/70
X

Kit includes a stand-alone modem

—

Kitincludes an integral modem
Governmental authority provides modem

X
—~

Microcode Version V02 available

Kit includes a DAA

1-2

-RB

-RC

-RE

~11/70
X

11/70
X

11/70
-

X
-

1.4

REMOTE DIAGNOSIS

A toll-free 800 number in the USA (and similar free phone service, to the extent permitted, in other
countries) gives customers access to the Service Response Group (SRG). This group, which is integral

to the Digital Diagnosis Center (DDC), responds to customer requests for service 24 hours a day,

seven days a week.
Since all calls for service are logged through the DDC, they have access to cumulative system-specific
performance records which indicate repetitive failures, ECO status, and preventive maintenance activ-

ity. Any service request for which remote diagnosis is appropriate is referred immediately to a team of
highly trained and experienced engineers. The local DIGITAL branch service office is also alerted. The
DDC Service Engineer, using the DDC host computer (which has system-specific configuration infor-

mation and parameters), tests the customer system by running appropriate diagnostics or using other

diagnostic techniques. DDC personnel use the results of these tests to advise the previously alerted
DIGITAL branch service office of the specific replacement part or option repair required. The DDC
may involve corporate engineering or other support assistance in the remote diagnosis process by
connecting them, through the host computer, to the faulty system.

1.5

OPERATING SYSTEM SECURITY

The

KYI1-R

does not jeopardize the security or integrity of a customer’s operating system.

DIGITAL’s access to the system is possible only by means of a customer-controlled keyswitch. Whenever remote testing 1s in progress, the console panel and system terminal give the customer positive

indication of DDC activity.

Remote telephone access to the console is restricted. The KY 11-R responds only to encoded communications for diagnostic purposes, which further ensures only authorlzed access to the customer’s

system.

CHAPTER 2

CONTROLS AND INDICATORS

2.1

SCOPE

This chapter defines the functions of the three switches and six indicators on the eleetrome console
(Figure 2-1).

—

RUN1 =

)

(] Power

RUN O

[j DISABLE

LOCAL

DISABLE

R E M OT E

REMOTE

DISABLE

- _‘_ N
J

TEST CARRIER

| FAULT

Electronic Console

I LAMP
L TEST

___~

MA-2488

Figure 2-1

2.2

Electronic Console Panel Controls and lndieatofs

KEYSWITCH

The five-position keyswitch on the electronic console front panel replaces several “trddmonal console
panel” functions. Tl’llS switch permits the operator to:
e

Turn system power on or off

Select “panel lock” operation

Permlt or restrlet DDC access to the system.

The following paragraphs. deseribe system operation in each of the five switch positions.
2.2.1

OFF

The OFF position removes power from the electronic console In every other position power is applied.

This switchis usually the system’s master power sw1teh however, power to certain system components
may be controlled independently.

2-1

2.2.2

LOCAL DISABLE

The LOCAL DISABLE position is analogous to panel lock on the traditional control panel. Access to
panel control and indicator functions (console state) is disabled. The electronic consoleis effectively

bypassed, so that all system terminal communication is dedicated to the CPU. Thus, the system is
forced into the program 1/0 state. LOCAL DISABLE is the normal operating position if panel lock is
- required.
2.2.3

LOCAL

The LOCAL position is used for system power-up, bootstrapping, and normal operation if panel lock
1s not required. Also, LOCAL provides access to the traditional panel control and indicator functions
through commands typed at the system terminal keyboard. The following logical conditions are associated with LOCAL.

‘

Console, program I/O, or talk states may be selected.

Data terminal ready (DTR) is cleared, thus diSabiing the remote serial interface.

[f a carrier signal is present, switching to LOCAL causes a carrier lost message (?CAR ER)

to be printed. Printing of the message may be inhibited as explained
in Paragraph 4.3.2.
2.2.4

REMOTE DISABLE

The REMOTE DISABLE position sets DTR and thereby enables the remote serial interface, allowing

DDC access to the system. The following, however, are disabled.
e

The system terminal keyboard is disabled to prevent operator intervention during DDC
testing.

The console state is disabled, both at the site and to the DDC, since the DDC becomes a
user by logging into the customer’s operating system.

In REMOTE DISABLE, DDC access to the system is subject to program-imposed limitations. There
1s no access to any of the console control or indicator functions. This protects the customer from
unpredictable DDC intervention. The DDC may perform and monitor program [/O functions in
“duplicating or testing for system failures. DDC and system dialogis displayed on the system terminal

to permit monitoring by the site operator. Also, the DDC may set programmable option bits and
thereby establish terminal communication with the site operator if desired.
2.2.5

REMOTE

The REMOTE position is used exclusively to give the DDC access to the system for diagnostic or
preventive maintenance purposes. All of the capabilities available at the site in LOCAL are available

to the DDC in REMOTE. The DTR signal to the modem
is asserted to enable the remote serial
interface. In addition, although the system terminal is disabled except under DDC control, the talk

state permits the DDC to print messages on, and solicit inputs from, the customer’s system terminal.

2.3

RUN 1-HALT-RUN 0 (POWER-FAIL RESTART SWITCH)

The power-fail restart switch is a three-position slide switch mounted above the keyswitch. It allows

the user to predetermine the system’s response in a power-fail restart situation. Selection of the HALT

position causes the system to come on in a halted state when power is restored.
Selection of RUN 1 or RUN 0 is determined by the requirements of the operating system. If the system

anticipates all ones in the switch register at restart, selection of RUN 1 is appropriate. Conversely, if all
zeros are expected, RUN 0 should be selected. Note that this switch determines switch register con-

tents only at restart (power coming up); the Operator’s Reference Summary (Appendix F), Paragraph
4.4.10, and Appendix B.1 (steps 2 through 5), explain how to set switch register contents as required

for a power failure (power going down)

2.4

LAMP TEST (PUSHBUTTON SWITCH)

The lamp test switch is unidentified at its location, in the lower right corner of the status display area.
Whenever power is on, pressing the switch turns on all indicators or, by exception, indicates a lamp

- failure.

2.5

POWER INDICATOR

The POWER indicator serves a dual purpose:
e

To indicate that power 1s on within the electronic console (other system units mdy or may
not have power on)

—

In Microcode Version V02 or later, to indicate, by blinking, that the CPU is in a halted state.

Table 2-1 indicates all possible states of both POWER and DISABLE indicators.
Table 2-1

Keyswitch

Program

Position

State

LOCAL

Running

LOCAL DISABLE

REMOTE

MlcmMm 01
POl\yf1

.
_ONT

Running

ON
ON
e

REMOTE DISABLE

Running

Not Running

LOCAL DISABLE

Not Running

REMOTE DISABLE

Microcode Version V02

DISABLE

SN "

Running

LOCAL

REMOTE

Power and Disable Indlcator States

f;f’“

POWER

_ofF

OFE

-OFF

Blinking

OFF

inkir
Blinking
Blinking

OFF

Blinking

Not Running C@fi/

Not Running

DISABLE

OFF
ON

Blinking

2.6
DISABLE INDICATOR
|
|
The DISABLE indicator comes on whenever the keyswitch is in either LOCAL DISABLE or RE-

MOTE DISABLE. This is also a dual purpose indicator, and, in Microcode Version V02, its continuous blinking in unison with POWER

is a redundant indication that the program has halted. This

redundancy is indicated in Table 2-1, which shows all possible states of both DISABLE and POWER.

The primary purpose of DISABLE is to remind the -operatdr that a panel lock condition exists, the
system is in program I/O state, and the system terminal is dedicated to program input/output.

2-3

2.7

REMOTE INDICATOR

The REMOTE indicator comes on (the word REMOTE lights up) whenever the keysw1tchis in e1ther
REMOTE or REMOTE DISABLE It indicates that the remote SCI'ldl interface 1s enabled and the
DDC has access to the system.
2.8

CARRIER INDICATOR

The CARRIER indicator comes on (the word CARRIER lights up) whenever the electronic console
remote serial interface and modem receive a carrier-detected signal. It indicates that the DDC host
*

computer is connected via telephone line to the electronic console.
2.9

TEST INDICATOR

The TEST indicator comes on (the word TEST lights up) whenever the customer’s system is connected
to the DDC host computer. Also, the DDC may initiate the running of a diagnostic at the site, turn on

TEST, disconnect (CARRIER will be turned off) during the test period, then reconnect later to con~

tinue the session. The keyswitch must bein either REMOTE or REMOTE DISABLE for TEST to be
on. In Microcode Version VO1, TESTis disabled by REMOTE DISABLE.
|
- 2.10

FAULT INDICATOR

The FAULT indicator comes on (the word FAULT lights up) when the electronic console detects an
error condition during a power-up self-test, a command V initiated self-test, or any operation in-

volving the electronic console logic. An error message (?CON ER) is also displayed on the system
terminal if the logic required to do so is operative. If a failure is transient in nature, the electronic
console may still be operational; however FAULT can be cleared only by a power-down, power-up
sequence.
|

If a fault condition exists, or is suspected, contact DIGITAL’s Service Response Group at the DDC as
described in Chapter 3.

2-4

CHAPTER 3
OPERATION

3.1

SCOPE

The electronic console enhances operatron and control of the computer system. Itis used for starting,

’haltmg, debugging, and other basic program control. Its power switch usually serves as the master
on/off switch for system power. The keyswitch and indicators on the front panel facilitate monitoring,
maintenance, and system control. The electronic console simplifies the way the operator issues system

commands and examines or deposits memory and register data, using the system terminal.

This chapter explains how to power up the system and how to use the system terminal for CPU
control. Tutorial examples of command use are included. For the operator whois making a transition

from the traditional console panel to the electronic console, notes are provided to indicate the equivalence. This chapter provides brief descriptions of operating states and commands, with emphasis on
their elementary use. Chapter 4 provides a complete listing of the command set, with emphasis on

definition and formatting.
3.2

OPERATING PROCEDURE

System-specific factors such as configuration and programmmg are essentlal elements that must be

consideredin the definition of an operating procedure. Those settmgs and functions previously accom-

plished through the traditional CPU console panel are equally necessary with the electronic console.

ml-b-ug\):—

The following operating procedure is typical for a system equipped with an electronic console.
Set power-fail restart switch.
Load media.

Power up and observe electronic console self—test results.
-

Perform bootstrap procedure.
Set switch register value for power-fail.

The paragraphs that follow explain, in general terms, the operating procedure outlined above. You
will find system-specific details in the Operator’s Reference Summary (Appendix F). The Operator’s

Summary provides the operator with the procedural details necessary to bring the system up to normal
operation. The formis prepared on-site by the DIGITAL Field Service Engineer and site personnel at

the tlme the eleetrome consoleis installed.
3.2.1

Load Media

Determine that operating system media are properly loaded as required for normal operation. The

addition of an eleetrome console has no effect on the loadmg procedure.

3-1

3.2.2

Power Up; Observe Self-Test

Power up the system by turning the electronic console keyswitch from OFF to LOCAL. Although the

electronic console keyswitch is typically wired to serve as the system master power switch, certain
devices may have their power controlled independently. The electronic console microprocessor will

initiate a self-test and turn on all indicators except CARRIER.
If the self-test is completed without error, all indicators (except POWER) are turned off. A successful
self-test is confirmed when the message “V000377” is printed on the system terminal (Any deviation
from this message indicates a console logic malfunction; see Paragraph 3.2.2.1).

Following the V000377 message, one of two possible series of events occurs.
1.

If the power-fail restart switch is in the HALT position, the system will be forced into the

console state (described in Paragraph 3.3.1). The prompt message CON= is printed on the
system terminal. The CPU will be in a halted state.
2.

If the power-fail restart switch is in either the RUN 1 or RUN 0 position, the system will be

forced into the program I/O state (described in Paragraph 3.3.2). In this state, the system
terminal is under CPU control and any message printed will be operating system generated.
Check the Operator’s Reference Summary (Appendix F) to determine that the expected
terminal message (if any) was printed and/or that the system is operating correctly.

3.2.2.1

Self-Test Error Detection — If the electronic console self-test detects an error, or if there is a

hardware malfunction, there will be an error message or indication. The nature of the failure determines the extent to which an error message or indication is possible:
e

A deviation from the V000377 message

A console error message 7CON ER

Lighting of FAULT.

Any fault condition should be reported to the Service Response Group at the DDC as described 1n

Chapter 5.

’

The electronic console detects the presence of +5 Vdc and +15 Vdc, or the transition of AC LO from
low to high, and performs an internal initialization routine. The console is disabled if any of the
required dc voltages are missing, but will operate with AC LO, DC LO, or INIT asserted on the
UNIBUS. The self-test is a six-part exercise in which the electronic console performs (or attempts to
perform) the following procedure:

Prints the character V on the system terminal

Performs an internal ROM test

Tests the low-order eight bits of the switch register with zeros (from which the three zeros of
the printout are derived)

Performs an internal RAM test

3-2

Tests the low-order eight bits of the switch register with ones (from which the 377 of the

printout is derived)
6.

Performs an internal clock test.

The response of Microcode Version V01 to an internal test error may differ from version V02. Each

will attempt to print out the V000377 message; version VOl may then attempt to light FAULT and
print the console error message (?CON ER), while version V02 will always attempt to do so. Thus,

these failure indications may occur separately or in combination.
3.2.3

Perform Bootstrap Procedure

- For normal system operation, perform the bootstrap procedure to load the operating system from disk

or tape into memory. The Operator’s Reference Summary (Appendix F) defines the system-specific

bootstrap procedure. Appendix B provides a comprehenswe description of applicable bootstrap procedures.
3.2.4

Set Switch Register

Operating systems typically read switch register contents durmg both power-up and power-down. In
this step, you enter the switch register contents required for a power-going-down condition. With the
system 1n console state, type the octal switch register value, followed by commands W and Z. That
value will be deposited into the switch register, and the system will be returned to program 1/0 state.
This procedure is detailed as step 2 of the Operator’s Reference Summary (Appendix E).

3.2.5 Set Power-Fail Restart Switch
Set the power-fail restart switch (for power coming up) as descrlbedin Paragraph 2.3 or in the Operator’s Reference Summary (Appendlx F).
3.3

OPERATING STATES

There are three operating states. (See Operating States Transition and Accessibility, Figure 3-1.)

3.3.1

Console State

The console state is entered by typing <CTRL/P> on the system terminal keyboard. (To type a
control character, first press and hold down the CTRL key, then type the letter.) The command is
echoed on the terminal as A P <BELL>. Data terminal ready (DTR) is cleared, disabling the remote
serial interface. The console state allows you to use the system terminal (with the keyswitch in LO-

CAL) to perform the traditional panel operations. With the keyswitch in REMOTE, the console state
1s available to the DDC. Local console state and remote console state are illustratedin Flgure 3-2 and
3-3 respectively.

In the console state, normal program input/output communication between the CPU and the terminal
is disabled. Both the terminal printer and the keyboard are dedicated to electronic console operations
equivalent to those previously performed using the traditional panel.
There may be undesirable consequences if a program is unable to output to the system terminal (for
example, if the electronic console is unintentionally left in the console state). A time-out feature in
Microcode Version V02 eliminates this possibility.

3-3

ONLY PROGRAM 1/0 STATE

ALL ELECTRONIC CONSOLE

IS ACCESSIBLE ON-SITE

‘STATES ARE ACCESSIBLE ON-SITE

IN “LOCAL DISABLE"

IN "LOCAL"

LOCAL DISABLE

LOCAL

PROGRAM

1/0

STATE

CTRL/P

(

)
ctRuLr

(

CONSOLE
STATE

[

TALK

cTrRLL

STATE

REMOTE DISABLE

)

"REMOTE

ONLY PROGRAM |/O STATE

ALL ELECTRONIC CONSOLE

IS ACCESSIBLE TO DDC IN

STATES ARE ACCESSIBLE TO

“REMOTE DISABLE"

DDC ONLY IN “REMOTE"

MA-4347

Figure 3-1

Operating States Transition and Accessibility

PDP-11/70
UNIBUS

ELECTRONIC

—

I———.—J.———_

__|

e|— —

CONSOLE

l
|

|
I

cPU

CONTROL

INTERFAGE

j_/\o— KW
L ws

= M8255

DLIT-A

NPR |— I
I

|
I

CONSOLE KEYSWITCH

SOFTWARE SWITCH
CTRL/L

——
o’

ot I

UNI
STA%’E

|
|

LOCAL

SYSTEM

TERMINAL

CTRL/P

CTRL/L

%5
|| o

|
'

CTRL/P

DIGITAL

CENTER

~ _

|
g
(\l\o———— I
1

DIAGNOSTIC

— |

O REMOTE

MODEM
DAA

MA-4329

Figure 3-2

Local Console State

3-5

PDP-11/70

<
UNIBUS

ELECTRONIC

——FF-——

CONSOLE

SYSTEM
TERMINAL

I
I

l
I
I
I

CPU

CONTROL

I\o—

INTERFACE

1 w3
=

UNIBUS
STATUS

DL11-A

NPR

M8255

SOFTWARE SWITCH

CONSOLE KEYSWITCH

CTRL/L

I
|
I
I
I

LOCAL

CTRL/P

CTRL/L

*REMOTE

MODEM

DAA

MA-4330

Figure 3-3

Remote Console State

3-6

IF these conditions exist:

o | The electronic console is in the console state
e

A program is running

The program is attempting to print on the system terminal

AND there is no keyboard activity for twenty seconds (which allows a twenty-second timer to time
out),

THEN console state is terminated, program 1/0 state is set automatically, and the system terminal is
dedicated to program [/0O.

To exit from the console state, you may enter either the program 1/O state or talk state described
below. (Also see Figure 3-1.)
3.3.2

Program [/O State

You may enter program 1/O state (only from console state) by typing command Z. In program 1/0
state, the system terminal printer and keyboard are dedicated to input/output communication with a
running program. The keyswitch positions LOCAL DISABLE and REMOTE DISABLE both force
program I/0O state logically. Local program /O state and remote program 1/O state are illustrated in
Figures 3-4 and 3-5 respectively. (Also see Figure 3-1).
3.3.3

Talk State

Y ou may enter talk state (only from console state) by typing the command <CTRL/L>. In talk state,
DTR is set, connecting the terminal through the remote serial interface to the DDC. This state is
usually controlled by the DDC and permits message interchange between the operator at the system
terminal and the DDC remote operator or host computer. All characters are acceptable as text, except
<CTRL/P>, which is recognized as the command for an exit into console state. Remote talk state is
illustrated in Figure 3-6. (Also see Figure 3-1).
3.4

FAMILIARIZATION EXERCISES

The comparatively simple electronic console exercises in the following paragraphs are of value primarily to the “first-timeTM user. It is essential that the operator learn to use the entire command set which is
itemized and described in Chapter 4.
NOTE

In the following examples and exercises, the operator types all characters printed in red. The expected
system prompts and responses are also shown.

Each exercise begins with a reminder that the electronic console must be in console state except as

noted otherwise. Once entered, by typing <CTRL/P>, the console state remains selected until you

enter another state (by typing <CTRL/L> for talk state or Z for program 1/O state).

Before beginning these exercises, see Figure 4-1 for an explanation of the command string format that
must be used. Understanding the format requirements will make the exercises more meaningful. Chap-

ter 4 provides a detailed description of each electronic console command.

3-7

PDP-11/70 <

UNIBUS

ELECTRON

— |

—

CONSOLE

cPU

CONTROL
INTERFACE

i/'\o— KW
Lws
[t
=

UNIBUS

DLILAL

| sTaTUS

NPR

M8255

SOFTWARE SWITCH

CONSOLE KEYSWITCH

SYSTEM

TERMINAL

9
m——————

]

I? ;NII lq ;NI

CTRL/L

CTRL/P

CTRL/L

CTRL/P

DIGITAL

DIAGNOSTIC

- -

wm_ g’ggw

CENTER

MA-4328

Figure 3-4

Local Program 1/0O State

3-8

PDP-11/70 | A

ELECTRONIC

I—

— | e de—

UNIBUS

c——

— e | c—

—

c—

CONSOLE

|
I

CONTROL

SOFTWARE SWITCH

cPU
INTERFACE

wlll
SYSTEM

TERMINAL

fwn

I_ w3
=

M8255

UNIBUS

DLU-A | | sTaTUS

|
I
I
I
I
I
I
I

NPR

CONSOLE KEYSWITCH

CTRLIL

LOCAL

—o

CTRL/P

CTRL/L

o0—rnn—-—

ol ot

|
I
j———
I
|
|
o

CTRL/P

REMOTE

L
DIGITAL

DIAGNOSTIC

CENTER

S~-

—S

MODEM

I+ DAA

MA-4327

Figure 3-5

Remote Program [/O State

3-9

PDP-11/70

UNIBUS

ELECTRONIC

| e

d — — —

—_—

——

CONSOLE

cPU

KW11

CONTROL

f\o—-« L

INTERFACE

1 w3

SOFTWARE SWITCH

STATUS

NPR

|—

CONSOLE KEYSWITCH

CTRL/L

SYSTEM

TERMINAL

M8255

UNIBUS

DL11-A

LOCAL
—0

J—

CTRL/P

|
|

CTRL/L

|
O

CTRL/P

9 REMOTE

MA-4326

Figure 3-6

Remote Talk State

3.4.1

Examine Contents of a Location (Basic Commands)

Terminal Dialog:

<CTRL/P> A P<BELL><NL>
CON= 1000LA Ennnnnn <CR> <NL>
CON=

The prompt CON= (console state) is printed in response to <CTRL/P> (following the
echo AP <BELL>).

Type 1000 (the location to be examined).

Type the command L (load address register). The command E (examine), issued in step 5,
must always be preceded by the command [,

The system acknowledges command L. by printing a space character.

Type command E (examine contents of the address referenced by the address register).

The system responds by printing the contents of address 1000. Note that the data display is
in octal notation.

7.
3.4.1.1

Type <CR> to close the location. The system generates a <NL> (new line).
Examine Contents of a Location (Multiple Function Command)

Terminal Dialog:

CON= 1000/nnnnnn <CR> <NL>
CON=

In practice, you will more likely use the multiple function command in which the command / (open
word location) is the equivalent of a command L. (load address) followed by a command E (examine).
Type 1000/ and the contents of address 1000 will be displayed. Type <CR> to close the location; the
system generates a <NL> (new line).

3.4.1.2

Examine Contents of a Location (Hexadecimal Notation)

Terminal Dialog:

CON= “A1000/*“nnnn <CR> <NL>
CON=

For a read-out of the same location in hexadecimal (Microcode Version V02 only), type command *,
then the address to be opened (1000), then command / (open word location). The ** symbol which is
added as a prefix to the displayed contents indicates that the hexadecimal format is selected. Type
<CR> to close the location.

3.4.2

Change Contents of a Location (Basic Commands)

Terminal Dialog:

CON= ‘1000L AEnnnnnn 12706D <CR>
CON=

The prompt CON= is printed in response to <CTRL/P>.

Type command ° to return to octal display format.

Type 1000 (the location to be examined).

Type command L (load address register). Command E (examine), issued in step 6, must
always be preceded by command L.

The system acknowledges command L. by generating a space character.

Type command E (examine contents of the address referenced by the address register).

The computer responds by printing the contents of address 1000.

Type 12706, the number you want deposited into location 1000.

Type command D (deposit).

10.

The contents of location 1000 becomes 12706; type <CR> to close the location.

3.4.2.1

Change the Contents of a Location (Multiple Function Command)

Terminal Dialog:

CON=1000/nnnnnnp 12706 <LF>

00001002/nnnnnn <CR> <NL>
CON=
In practice, you will more likely use the multiple function command in which / (open word location) is

the equivalent of a command L. (load address) followed by a command E (examine).

Type 1000/ then type the number to be deposited, 12706, followed by <LF>, which performs the
deposit, closes the location, then opens the next sequential location, and prints its contents.

A <CR> typed instead of <L.F> also performs the deposit and closes the location, but does not open
the next location.

3-12

3.4.3

Examine a Register

Terminal Dialog:

CON= $3LA Ennnnnn <CR> <NL>
CON=

The prompt CON= (console state) is printed in response to <CTRL/P>.

Type command § (select a register).

Type 3 to specify register 3.

Type command L (load address register). Command E (examine) issued in step 6, must

always be preceded by command L.

The system acknowledges command L by printing a space character.

Type command E (examine contents of the address referenced by the address register).

The system responds by printing the contents of register 3. Type <CR> to close the location.

3.4.4

A Simple Program Exercise

This exercise (as shown in Diagram 3-1) guides you through the loading, starting, modifying, and
halting of a simple program.

The program prints a continuous string of a particular character as determined by the switch register
contents. The program loading sequence uses commands explained in previous exercises.

‘

START

}

READY

YES

FETCH AND

PRINT
CHARACTER

DELAY

Jump

MA-4323

Diagram 3-1

Type 200/ to open location 200, then type 12700 followed by <LE> to deposit 12700 into location 200
and open location 202. Continue the procedure as indicated below.

<CTRL/P> AP <BELL>
CON= 200/nnnnnn 012700 <LF>

MOV #20, RO

00000202 /nnnnnn 000020 <LEF>
00000204 /nnnnnn 105737 <LF>
00000206 /nnnnnn 177564 <LF>
00000210/nnnnnn 100375 <LF>
00000212/nnnnnn 113737 <LF>
00000214 /nnnnnn 177570 <LF>
00000216/nnnnnn 177566 <LEF>
00000220/nnnnnn 012701 <LEF>
00000222 /nnnnnn 177777 <LF>
00000224 /nnnnnn 077101 <LF>
00000226 /nnnnnn 077004 <LF>
00000230/nnnnnn 000137 <LF>
00000232 /nnnnnn 000200 <LEF>
00000234 /nnnnnn 000000 <CR>

TSTB @ #177564

BPL 204
MOVB @ #177570, @ #177566

MOV #-1,R1
SOB R1, 224
SOB RO, 224
JMP
@ #200

CON=
Terminal Dialog:

(Steps 1 through 13)

CON= 200L A1A101W A C R00000101 Z <NL>
AAAAAAAAAAAAA <CTRL/P> AP <BELL>
CON= H00000204/T14410

L_CPU Status (Paragraph 4.4.6)
Halt Address (Paragraph 4.4.13)

Start the program, using basic commands, as follows:
l.

Type 200L which loads address 200.

The system acknowledges command L by generating a space character.

Type the command ! (initialize the system).
The system acknowledges command ! by generating a space character.

Type 101W_ An octal value followed by command W loads that octal value into the switch
register. The quantity 101 in the switch register results in the letter A being printed by this
program.

The system acknowledges command W by generating a space character.

3-14

NOTE

If you are using Microcode Version V01, proceed
with the following steps and ignore the note about

printing beginning automatically.
With version V02, steps 7 through 13 can be reduced
to:

Type command C (continue), wait twenty seconds,
and the printout will begin automatically. Interrupt it

by typing <CTRL/P>.
Type H (halt).

Type command C

(continue program instruction execution in console state, no program

[/0). Be prepared to perform step 13 if printing begins automatically as explained in step 10.
The system acknowledges command C by generating a space character.

If the microcode is version V02, command R (read switch register) is logically forced. A
prompt, RO0000101, is printed. This prompt is forced whenever a command that initiates or
continues program execution is issued. It reminds the operator that the switch register may
require a predetermined setting for a power-going- down condition. (See Paragraph 4.4.5.)

The program is now running and attempting to output to the terminal, which is unavailable
because the electronic console is in the console state. With Microcode Version VOI you will
give the CPU access to the terminal in step 11. In version V02, if you delay twenty seconds
before performing step 11, CPU access will occur automatically as explained in Paragraph
3.3.1.

Type command 7 (set program [/O state), to enable program access to the terminal.
The system acknowledges command Z by generating <NL> (new line).
13.

The program begins printing a continuous string of As, which you should interrupt by

typing <CTRL/P> to return the terminal to console state. (The program continues running
but there is no output.) Type H (halt). The halt address may be other than 00000204.
Terminal Dialog:

(Steps 14 through 20)

CON= R00000101 102W
A 200G R0O0000102 <NL>
ABBBBBBBBBBB <CTRL/P> AP <BELL>
CON= H00000204/T14410

L_CPU Status (Paragraph 4.4.6)
Halt Address (Paragraph 4.4.13)

14.

Type command R (read switch register). The contents, 00000101, which you entered in step
5, are displayed.

3-15

15.

Type 102ZW. This changes the contents of the switch register and results in the program
printing the letter B.

16.

The system acknowledges command W by generating a space character.

17.

Type 200G to initiate program instruction execution. The R prompt is system generated
following command G in Microcode Version V02 only.

18.

The program begins printing a continuous string of Bs, which you should interrupt by typing <CTRL/P> to return the terminal to console state. (The program continues running
but there is no output.) Note that the first character in the printed string is an A if you
interrupted the previous operation while it was looping, which is probable.

19.

Type the command H (halt program instruction execution).

20.

The system responds by printing the address at which it halted and CPU status information
(the halt address may be other than 00000204).

Terminal Dialog:

(Step 21)

CON= 101,200G R00000101 <NL>
AAAAAAAA <CTRL/P> AP <BELL>
CON= H00000204/T14410

21.

You can complete steps | through 13 using multiple function commands as shown above. As

explained in Chapter 4, the above command string consists of the switch register value (101),
the comma (,) as an argument separator, the program starting address (200), and the com-

mand G which initiates program execution in program [/O state. The R prompt is system
generated following command G in Microcode Version V02 only.

3-16

CHAPTER 4
OPERATING COMMANDS

4.1

SCOPE

This chapter lists and describes each command used to control a PDP-1 I/70 with an electrome console

optlon installed.
4.2

COMMAND FORMAT

Each command or command string must conform to the following format, shown in Figure 4-1.
[[<OPTlONAL VALUE> <SEPARATOR>]<ARGUMENT>]<COM MAND>[<RESPONSE>]<ACKNOWLEDGEMENT>

42 1

Argument Separator (,)

The electronic console command set uses the comma (,) to separate the optional value (switch register
setting) from the argument (data value or address) Paragraph 4.2 contains an example of the use of

this argument separator

ARGUMENT-

COMMAND STRING MAY

AN ADDRESS OR A

CONTINUE: BASIC AND MULTIPLE

VALUE TO BE

FUNCTION COMMAND MIXING

DEPOSITED

OPTIONAL VALUE-

RESTRICTIONS MUST BE OBSERVED

”

" RESPONSE-

SUPPLIES SWITCH REGISTER

MAY PROVIDE DATA OR

SETTING IF REQUIRED

INITIATE CPU OR

FOR PROGRAM START

ELECTRONIC CONSOLE ACTION

17765000

<NL>

1000

123456

_
Y

)
ARGUMENT SEPARATOR-

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT-

SEPARATES OPTIONAL VALUE
'FROM ARGUMENT

A SPACE CHARACTER, SYSTEM

~
COMMAND-

GENERATED, TO INDICATE

EXECUTION
OF A VALID COMMAND

MAY BE BASIC ELECTRONIC

CONSOLE, BASIC CPU, ORMULTIPLE FUNCTION
MA-4129

- Figure 4-1

Command Format

4-1

4.2.2

Argument

The argument, always a numerical quantity, may be an octal address or a value to be deposited. When
you are typing a command string, the electronic console accumulates numerical data (not commands)
in a temporary input register. You may transfer, modify, or clear the contents of this register as
follows:

Transferred (temporary input register left cleared)

If the numerical data is intended to be a switch register value, the transfer from the temporary input register to the switch register occurs when the argument separator (,) is typed.
Other data contents (such as an address or memory value) is transferred to the appropriate
destination upon issuance of the command which always immediately follows that data.
o

Modified (character-by-character deletion and re-entry)

The command <DELETE>, explained in Paragraph 4.3.10, is used to delete the last previous character typed into the temporary input register. You may repeat the command and
enter or delete new data as required.

(leared (contents disposed of)

The command <CTRL/U>, explained in Paragraph 4.3.11, is used when you intend to
clear the entire contents of the temporary input register.
4.3

CONSOLE CONTROL COMMANDS

Console control commands, Table 4-1, are executed within the electronic console and do not directly
affect the CPU. These commands can be grouped into four categories, by function: those which control the electronic console: those which set operating states; those which define data format; and those
which allow the operator to correct character type-in errors.
NOTE

In the following examples in this chapter, the oper-

ator types all characters printed in red. The expected
system prompts and responses are also shown.

4.3.1

Command <CTRL/E>, Read CPU Identity

This command results in a printout that identifies both the CPU type and the electronic console
microcode version in use.

Example:
4.3.2

<CTRL/E> 11/70 VOl

Command <CTRL/R>, Read or Load Console Control Register

This command results in either examining or changing the current contents of the console control
register. If an octal value precedes the command, that value replaces the current contents ofthe register; if no octal value is entered, the current contents are examined but remain unchanged.

4-2

Example:

Examine contlents of control register
R

E—

p—;

CON= <CTRL/R> AR02010 <CTRL/R> AR <CTRL/R> ’\R_Oli)
Initial contents 020

Change contents to 10

|
Contents now 10 —

(set bit 03, clear
bit 04)

The console control register (Figure 4-2) consists of seven programmable bits. These bits are either
cleared or set to predetermined conditions both at power-up and when the keyswitch is changed to
LOCAL or LOCAL DISABLE. Each may be set or cleared by the DDC as required for remote
diagnosis purposes. Bits 03 (expand printout), and 04 (special mode), may be set or cleared at the
system terminal by the <CTRL/R> command. Table 4-2 provides a detailed description of each
console control register bit.

Table 4-1

Summary of Electronic Console Control
Commands Arranged by Function

Command

Paragraph

Function

Command

Description

Reference

Electronic
console
control

Identify system and Microcode Version
Read or change contents of console

4.3.1
4.3.2

control register
Verify electronic console logic

433

(self-test)

Setting of
operating
states

Set console state
Set program 1/0 state
Set talk state

434
4.3.5
4.3.6

Defining
data
formats

$
)
*

Open register address
Set octal data display format
Set hexadecimal data display format

4.3.7
4.3.8
4.3.9

Typein
error
correction

Delete last character typed into
temporary register
Delete all characters in
temporary register

4.3.10

Delimiter

Argument separator

4.2.1

4.3.11

Commands may be entered in either upper or lower case (for example. A or a).

Note that the commands listed in this table are executed within the electronic console and do
not involve the CPU. The symbol [n] indicates optional data.

DDC
DDC
ONLY | ONLY

DDC
DDC
DDC
ONLY [ ONLY | ONLY

SWITCH REGISTER PROMPT_,

l_LOCAL COPY

(4.3.2.1)

(4.3.2.8)

CARRIER ERROR DISABLE
MICROCODE VERSION V01
(4.3.2.2)
DISCARD REMOTE PRINTOUT

LOCAL CONTROL
(4.3.2.7)
TALK ECHO
(4.3.2.6)

MICROCODE VERSION V02
(4.3.2.3)

EXPAND PRINTOUT
(4.3.2.5)

___
SPECIALMODE |

(4.3.2.4)

MA-4321

Figure 4-2

Table 4-2

Console Control Register

Console Control Register Bit Description

Bit

Position

Description

Local Copy - Setting bit 0 allows the DDC to provide the system operator with an audit trail of remote activity. It
enables printing, on the system terminal, of messages or commands being tested or exercised by the DDC. The
system terminal keyboard is disabled to prevent operator intervention.

Local Control - Bit | may be set by the DDC to permit parallel system control at both the system terminal and
the DDC. This allows the DDC operator to “‘observeTM as the site operator re-creates failure circumstances at the
system terminal. Setting bit | also forces local copy, which is equivalent to setting bit 0. Thus, all commands
issued at the site are echoed and performed as if the electronic console keyswitch were in LOCAL.
Talk Echo - Bit 2 is effective only when the talk state has been selected by the DDC. Bit 2 controls the way
character transmissions are echoed by the electronic console. When the remote DDC operator and the site
operator communicate with (talk to) each other at their respective terminals, the electronic console returns an
echo for each character typed. It also transmits the character to the receiving terminal. Bit 2 must be set by the
DDC for that purpose. If, however, the DDC host computer sends a message to the site operator at his/her
terminal, no echo from the electronic console would be expected. When bit 2 is cleared, which is its initialized
condition, the electronic console suppresses such undesirable or redundant character echoes.
Expand Printout - Bit 3, when set, causes an automatic command M (read data display) to be executed following
a command N (execute next instruction or bus cycle). Command N causes the CPU to execute a single instruction (or bus cycle), then halt and print the location. If bit 3 is set, the command M is executed automatically,
printing the contents of the selected CPU data display register. This feature is particularly useful when tracing
programs in single instruction mode.
Example:

<CTRL/P> AP <BELL>
CON=1000LAIA10 <CTRL/R> AR N00001002 1M00016701

Special Mode - Bit 4 is set when system troubleshooting suggests the use of otherwise illegal command formatting. The logic ignores syntax and CPU errors, and permits abnormal operations such as entering an initialization
command when the CPU is in a run state.

Carrier Error Disable (Microcode Version V01 only) - Bit 5 is set when the DDC wants the electronic console to

ignore receipt of a loss-of-carrier indication. (No 2CAR ER message will be printed.)

Discard Remote Printout (Microcode Version V02 only) - Bit 5 may be set by the DDC to eliminate system
terminal printout of unwanted data. For example, the DDC may initiate a diagnostic, set bit 5 to disable printout, disconnect for a period of time, then reconnect to evaluate results and continue the session.
Force Switch Register Prompt (Microcode Version V02 only) - Bit 6 is normally set and can be cleared only by the
DDC. When commands C, P, S, or G (commands that initiate or continue program instruction execution) are
issued with bit 6 set, a command R is forced. The current setting of the switch register is printed on the system
terminal to remind the operator that the setting may require changing to the predetermined power-fail setting.

4-4

4.3.3

Command V, Verify Console Logic

This command allows the operator to initiate the electronic console self-test. The same self-test is
always initiated by system power-up. Successful completion of the test results in the message V000377
being printed on the system terminal. The electronic console self-test is described in Paragraphs 3.2.2.
Command V is illegal if issued when the processor is running.
4.3.4

Command <CTRL/P>, Set Console State

This command sets the electronic console to the console state, which allows the operator to issue
control commands from the system terminal. In this state, the terminal communicates with the electronic console to perform functions equivalent to those previously performed using the traditional
panel. Selecting console state forces several other conditions.

Octal data display format is selected (Paragraph 4.3.8).

Address display multiplexer position 3 (console physical) is selected (Paragraph 4.4.1).

Memory data display multiplexer position 1 (data paths) is selected (Paragraph 4.4.14).

IF in the last previous condition the keyswitch was in LOCAL,

AND the talk state <CTRL/L> had been entered (by which the remote interface would
have been enabled),

THEN the remote serial interface is disabled by clearing DTR.

Although a program may be running, it will be unable to print on the system terminal. This may lead
to undesirable buffer overflow conditions. In Microcode Version V02, when the electronic console is in
the console state and a program is running and attempting to print out on the system terminal, keyboard activity is monitored and resets a twenty-second timer. If there is no keyboard input for a
twenty-second period, a time-out occurs, console state is terminated, program /0O state is set automatically, and the terminal is returned to CPU control.
Example:
<CTRL/P> AP <BELL>

CON= T14050 (No keyboard activity for twenty seconds)
Z <NL>

(Terminal under CPU control)

Also see Figure 3-1, Operating States Transition and Accessibility.
4.3.5

Command Z, Set Program 1/0 State

This command causes the console state to be terminated and the program /0 state to be entered. The
system terminal keyboard and printer are dedicated to communication with the CPU for program 1/0.
The keyswitch positions LOCAL DISABLE and REMOTE DISABLE both force the program [/0
state logically.

Also see Figure 3-1, Operating States Transition and Accessibility.

4-5

4.3.6

Command <CTRL/L>, Set Talk State

This command enables person-to-person typed messages between the system terminal and the remote
line. When a <CTRL/L> command is typed, the DTR (data terminal ready) signal is enabled which,

in turn, enables the remote serial interface. This feature permits interconnection of the DDC and the
customer’s system terminal for message interchange during remote diagnosis. With the exception of
<CTRL/P>, which returns the terminal to console state, all characters are interpreted as message
text.

Example:
<CTRL/L> AL Isdrive 2 at BOT? <CR>

Checking - yes <CR>
Standby
Also see Figure 3-1, Operating States Transition and Accessibility.
4.3.7

Command $, Set Register Address

This command is used as a prefix to the data argument that precedes load address commands L, /, or
<CTRL/D> in Microcode Version VOI, and commands G, S, and \ in Microcode Version V02. It
masks the leading zeros in the temporary input register with ones so that the argument represents a
register address rather than a memory address. Paragraph 3.4.3 provides an example of the use of
command §; [llustration 4-1 provides several examples.

When command $ is issued, the contents of the temporary input register are masked with 17777700

before transfer to the CPU address register occurs. Thus, any register or I/O page area requiring the

high-order bits to be set may be accessed readily. Comparative examples showing use of command $
with both 16-bit words and 8-bit bytes are given in Paragraph 4.5.2. (The 8-bit byte format is available
only in Microcode Version V02.)

THEMASK

EXAMF;LE {

21120

[1 | 1|

1Tl
1

EXAMP;E(

$16

15|14

10 09|08 07 06| 0504 03|02 01

rfrfrfrpafrfryprfrfrfrf{rjojojojofoj|o

12|11

1f1]1fr]1]1f1]1]1]1|1[1]1]OfO|O|O]jOfO

T
1

EXAMPLE (53000)

18|17

frpafrprjrfrfrjofoyrpi1f1]o
7

{1y 1r|r|y1f1rfry1frj1foj1ry1fojojofojofofojojo
1

0
MA-4325

[lustration 4-1

4-6

Example 1:

Microcode Version VOI provides access to the low-order six bits only (you may type
two octal digits maximum). In this example the command string CON= $0/ opens
processor register 0 (address 17777700) with either Microcode Version VOI or VO2.

Example 2:

In this example the command string CON= $16/ opens processor register 16 (ad-

Example 3:

dress 17777716) with either Microcode Version VOI or VO2.

Microcode Version V02 provides access to the complete range of register and /0O
addresses. Note that this example is invalid for Microcode Version VOI because of
its two low-order digits maximum range. The command string CON= $3000/ opens
address 17773000, an example of command $ providing simplified access to the 1/O

page area.

4.3.8

Command ° (Single Quote), Select Octal Data Display Format

This command is not available in Microcode Version VOI. When command * (single quote) is issued to
select octal data display format, the following data display commands produce octal displays:
E

/
\

Examine

Basic CPU Commands

Read Memory Data

Dump Memory

Open Word Location

Multiple Function Commands

}

Open Byte Location

The octal data display format is automatically selected at power-up, initialization, or by the command
<CTRL/P>: itis cleared by command ** (double quote). The example given in Paragraph 4.3.9 shows
a useful exception to the general rule that multiple function and basic commands should not be mixed.
The explanation ofthat aspect of the example applies equally to both the command * (single quote) and
“ (double quote).

4.3.9

Command * (Double Quote), Select Hexadecimal Data Display Format

This command is not available in Microcode Version VO1. When command ** (double quote) is issued
to select hexadecimal data display format, the same data display commands listed in Paragraph 4.3.8
produce a hexadecimal display. Whenever this format is selected, the double quote (**) symbol is
printed as a prefix to the displayed data to remind the user that the data is in hexadecimal format. The
hexadecimal data display format is cleared at power-up, by initialization, by command <CTRL/P>,
or by command * (single quote), select octal data display.
Example:

CON= ‘A 1000/177570

CON= ““A1000/*EE78

CON= ‘A1000/177570 *“
1000/*“EE78¢
1000/177570
CON=

<CR>

<NL> (octal notation)

In Microcode Version V02, if either command °
(single quote) is issued or ~ (double quote is issued when a location is open, the contents will
be displayed again in the format selected by the

<NL> (hexadecimal notation)

<CR>

command. Thus, these two basic commands
may be mixed with the multiple function command group in this single, useful exception.

4-7

4.3.10

Command <DELETE>, Delete Last Character Typed

The <DELETE> key permits you to delete the last previous data digit typed. The backslash ( is

printed on the terminal with each digit as it is deleted in Microcode Version VOI, but with only the first
and last digits deleted in Microcode Version V02. Command characters cannot be deleted using the
<DELETE> command.

The examples below represent the same sequence of keystrokes and demonstrate the delete format for
each microcode version. The number 1324 is typed in; the 4, the 2, then the 3 are deleted; and a 1 is
typed. The temporary input register contains 11 following each exercise.

Example:

(Microcode Version VOI)
CON= 1324 <DELETE>\4 <DELETE>\2 <DELETE>\31

The printout will be in this format: CON= 1324\4\2\31
Example:

(Microcode Version V02)
CON= 1324 <DELETE>\4 <DELETE> 2 <DELETE> 3\|

After the 1 is typed, the final
backslash is printed before the

1 is echoed.
The printout will be in this format: CON= 1324\423\1

There is a significant difference between Microcode Versions VOI and V02 in the processing of data

out of the temporary input register. V02 counts the characters typed in and those deleted:; if no typedin characters remain in the register, there is no transfer. In VOI, however, the typing of the first
character enables the logic, which forces a transfer of the temporary input register contents when the
subsequent argument separator or command is issued. VOI does not count characters typed or deleted.
The transfer of register contents occurs even though all typed-in characters have been deleted (contents
all zeros). If the subsequent command is D (deposit) the location contents are changed to all zeros. For
example (using Microcode Version VOI), you intend to change the contents of location 1000 to 12706.
After typing 1000/, you begin to type the new contents, 12 — then realize that the address should be
1010. Typing <DELETE> <DELETE> deletes the 2 and the 1. Then, when <CR> is typed, the

contents of the temporary register (all zeros) are deposited into address 1000.
CON= 1000/nnnnnn 12 <DELETE>\2 <DELETE> \I<CR> <NL>
CON= 1000,/000000
Use of command <CTRL/U> eliminates this possibility.
CON=1000/nnnnnn 12 <CTRL/U> AU <NL>
<CR> <NL>

CON= 1000/nnnnnn

4-8

(

4.3.11

Command <CTRIL/U>, Delete All Characters of Current Type-In

This command deletes all characters which have been typed into the temporary input register. [t
terminates any data value entry and prevents a deposit into memory if it is issued before an argument
separator, <LF>, <CR>, or other command is typed. If you are operating Microcode Version VOI,

you should develop the habit of using this command rather than <DELETE> for reasons described in
Paragraph 4.3.10.
Example: You make a mistake typing 12706 to be deposited into location 1000.
CON=1000/nnnnnn 1207 <CTRL/U> AU <NL>

12706 <CR> <NL>
CON= 1000/12706

4.4

CPU CONTROL - BASIC COMMANDS

Table 4-3 summarizes the commands that you use to communicate with the CPU. Paragraphs 4.4.1
through 4.4.19 describe those commands in detail.

Table 4-3
Command

Summary of Basic CPU Control Commands Sorted by Function
Paragraph

Function

Command

Description

To examine
data from
CPU

[n]A
n <CTRL/D>
E
[n]M
R

Display CPU address register contents
Dump sequential memory locations
Examine previously opened location
Read CPU memory data display register
Read switch register setting

4.4.1
442
443
444
4.4.5

Read UNIBUS status

4.4.7

To deposit
data
into CPU

[n]D
nl
nW

Deposit data in previously opened location
Load CPU address register
Write into switch register

4.4.8
449
4.4.10

Program

Continue instruction execution in console state

4.4.11

[n,InG

Go: initiate instruction execution in program 1/O state

4.4.12

H
|
P
[n,InS

Halt program instruction execution
Initialize system
Continue instruction execution in program [/O state
Start instruction execution in console state

4.4.13
4.4.14
4.4.15
4.4.16

System
maintenance

J
K
[n]N

Set single bus cycle
Clear single bus cycle
Cause next instruction to be executed

4.4.17
4.4.18
44.19

Delimiter

;

Argument separator

4.2.1

Reference

Read CPU status

4.4.6

execution

control

Commands may be entered in either upper or lower case (for example, A or a).

Note that the electronic console serves as a preprocessor for these commands which are executed by the
CPU. The symbol [n] indicates optional data; n indicates required data.

4-9

4.4.1

Command A, Display Address Information

This command is used to print a 22-bit address from the CPU address display register. The eight
display positions (address sources) are shown in Figure 4-3. The address display multiplexer is initialized to position 3 (console physical) at system power-up and by entering the console state,
<CTRL/P>. If an octal digit precedes the command A, that digit specifies a new address display
position. Unless a new address display position is specified, the multiplexer remains at its current
position. The switch position number is printed on the system terminal with the contents of the CPU
address display register.

Example:

If the address display is currently in its initialized position, 3, when command A is
typed, system response includes that preselected switch position number:

CON= 3A00001024

Example:

To display a user instruction address, switch position 7.
CON= 7A00113737

Command A can be issued while the CPU is running; however, the address display information is only
valid if the command is issued when the CPU is halted.

ADDRESS

SWITCH

MODE

POSITION
0

PROGRAM PHYSICAL

KERNEL DATA

KERNEL INSTRUCTION

INITIALIZED TO POSITION 3 BY

CONSOLE PHYSICAL

SYSTEM POWER-UP AND BY

SUPERVISOR DATA

THE ADDRESS SWITCH REGISTER IS

ENTERING CONSOLE STATE,

SUPERVISOR INSTRUCTION

USER DATA

USER INSTRUCTION

COMMAND

MA-4130

Figure 4-3

4.4.2

Address Display Multiplexer

Command <CTRL/D>, Dump Memory

This command displays the contents of successive memory locations continuously. Any character
typed on the keyboard terminates the dump. This command must be preceded by an octal value which
defines the beginning address of the dump. This command is illegal if issued when the CPU is running.
The memory data display multiplexer is reset to position 1 (data paths) by this command; the address
display multiplexer is unaffected.
Example:

CON= 37744 <CTRL/D> AD <NL>
00037744/016701

000026

012702

000352

00037754/005211

105711

100376

type any character

CON=

4-10

4.4.3

Command E, Examine Memory

This command displays the 16-bit contents of the memory location, which is referenced by the CPU
address register. Command E must be preceded by a command L to open the address to be examined.
Successive E commands display the contents of sequential locations.

Command E sets the memory data display multiplexer to the data paths position, 1. (See Paragraph
4.4.4.) The address display multiplexer is unaffected by command E.
4.4.4

Command M, Read Memory Data Display

This command displays the contents of the CPU memory data display register (Figure 4 4). The mem-

ory data display multiplexer provides access to four sources of data register as shownin Diagram 4-1.

- MEMORY DATA

23 22 21120 19 1817 16 15114 13 12111 10 09108 07 06§05 04 0302 01 00
olololo]|o

PARITY HIGH

PARITY LOW

\
DISPLAY

M
_.

0
—

—

POSITION 0

POSITION 1

BUS REGISTER

DATAPATHS

POSITION 2

|DISPLAY REGISTER|

DATA DISPLAY MULTIPLEXER

POSITION 3

MICRO-ADDRESS
|

MA-4322

Figure 4-4

POSITION

Command M Response Format

SOURCES

BUS REGISTER

DISPLAY REGISTER

MULTIPLEXER IS INITIALIZED

MICRO ADDRESS

TO POSITION 1, AT SYSTEM

DATA PATHS

THE MEMORY DATA DISPLAY
POWER-UP, AND BY COMMANDS E,

P,/,\,

(CTRL/P)

,AND

CTRL\D

MA-S?JBE

Diagram 4-1

[f an octal digit precedes the command M, that d1g1t specifies a new memory data display multiplexer
position.

If no octal value precedes the command, the contents of the CPU memory data display register are

printed from the currently selected multiplexer position number, which remains unchanged. The command M can be issued while the processor is running; however, the read-out will not provide useful

information. The memory data display information is only valid if read when the CPU is halted.

4-11

4.4.5

Command R, Read Switch Register

This command displays the current setting of the switch reglster Following any command which
initiates program instruction execution (C, G, P, or S), Microcode Version V02 forces a command R.

This prompt reminds the operator that the switch register must be set to a predetermined, system-

specific, power-fail value. The examples in Paragraph 4.4.16, and the Operator’s Reference Summary

(Appendix F) illustrate the command R prompt.
4.4.6

Command T, Read CPU Status

This command causes processor status bits to be dlsplayedIn octal notation (Flgure 4-5).

1211

10 09]/08 07 06|05 04

03}02 01

22 BIT MODE—["
18 BIT MODE

16 BIT MODE

LLADR ER

PARER

L DATA

KERNEL —

SUPER —

L — MASTER
PAUSE

USER —

— RUN

CP STOP —

— SINGLE CYC SW
MA-2485

| Figure 4-5

4.4.7

CPU Status Response Format

Command U, Read UNIBUS Status

This command produces a display of the UNIBUS status bits in octal notation (Figure 4-6). The
command U may be issued with the processor running or halted: the status displayed will always be

valid if the processor is halted, but may or may not be valid if the processor is running.

23 22 21 2019 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11710 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00
0

] BR7 l BR5 lleorlecs|
I:BG7 l BG5S

NPR

BR6

BR4

NPG

BG6

BG4

| C1 I PB sy |MSYN|BBSY
s [ACLO

INTR SACK SSYNC INIT

DCLO

MA-2486

Figure 4-6

4.4.8

UNIBUS Response Format

Command D, Deposit

—

This command causes the contents of the electronic console temporary input register to be dep031ted
into the address referenced by the CPU address register. Successive D commands deposit new or

current contents of the temporary register into sequential locatrons.

Command D is illegal if it isissued when the CPUis running, or if it is not preceded by a command L
(unless the special mode optlon bit, 4, 1s set as descrlbed in Paragraph 4.3. 2)

4-12

4.4.9

Command L, Load Address

This command transfers the numerical value that precedes it from the temporary input register into the
CPU address register. Command L is illegal if it is issued when the processor is running, or if the
command is not preceded by octal digits. The requirement for a data argument may be overridden by
setting the special mode bit (Paragraph 4.3.2). The override makes it possible to perform repetitive
operations when troubleshooting load address problems.
4.4.10

Command W, Write Switch Register

This command transfers the numerical value that precedes it from the temporary input register into the
switch register. This command is illegal unless preceded by octal digits.

The switch register setting may be included as part of a Go or Start command string (Paragraph
4.4.12).

4.4.11

Command C, Continue Program Instruction Execution

4.4.12

Command G, Go

This command causes the CPU, without initialization, to resume program instruction execution at the
address specified by the program counter (PC). The halt switch is cleared to permit continuous execution. Console state is retained, which disables CPU output to the system terminal. (Typically, a command Z is issued subsequently to enable CPU 1/0.) This command is illegal if issued when the CPU is
running. Note that command C is functionally similar to command P, except that command P sets
program 1/0 state and clears the special mode bit in the console control register. With Microcode
Version V02, command C causes a system-generated command R prompt. (See Paragraph 4.4.5.)
This command causes a system initialization and transfers the contents of the temporary input register
to the program counter (PC). The halt switch is cleared and the CPU begins program instruction
execution at the address specified by the PC. The switch register may be set to a new value by typing an
octal value and argument separator (both optional in the command string), in addition to the address
value that must precede this command. Command G is illegal if it is issued when the CPU is running,
or if it is not preceded by data. The special mode bit, 4, in the console control register (Paragraph 4.3.2)
is cleared by this command. Program 1/O state is set, which enables CPU access to the system terminal. Note that command G is functionally similar to command S, except that command S neither
clears the special mode bit nor sets program 1/O state.

Example:

CON= 177406,17773100G <NL>

(Terminal is under program control)

Set the switch register to 177406 and start pro-

gram execution at 17773100. Note that Mi-

crocode Version V02 forces an R prompt

(Paragraph 4.4.5) following the command G.
4.4.13

Command H, Halt Program Execution

This command sets the processor to the halt state. If a program was running, the halt address followed
by CPU status is printed on the system terminal.

4-13

Example:

CON= HO00132564/T14410

The processor was halted by the command H
at

location

dicated by

132564

and

CPU

status

in-

14410. (See Figure 4-5 for CPU

status bit format.)
*H00132564/T 14410

The * indicates that a programmed halt has
occurred.

A <BELL> will be system gener-

ated between the * and the H.
If the processor is already halted when command H is issued, only the H is echoed on the system

terminal.
4.4.14

Command I, Initialize CPU

This command causes a system reset, which is comparable to actuating the traditional panel start
switch with the halt switch on. This command is illegal if issued when the processor is running.

4.4.15

Command P, Proceed

This command causes the CPU, without initialization, to resume instruction execution at the address
specified by the program counter (PC). The halt switch is cleared to permit continuous execution.
Program [/O state is set, which enables CPU access to the system terminal for program 1/0. The
special mode bit, 4, in the console control register (Paragraph 4.3.2) is cleared by command P.

This command is illegal if issued when the processor is running. Note that command P is functionally
similar to command C, except that command C neither clears the special mode bit nor sets program
/0 state. With Microcode Version V02, command P causes a system-generated command R prompt.
(See Paragraph 4.4.5.)
4.4.16

Command S, Start Program

This command causes system initialization and transfers the contents of the temporary input register
to the program counter. The halt switch is cleared and the CPU begins program instruction execution
at the address specified by the program counter (PC). The switch register may be set to a new value by

typing an octal value and argument separator (both optional in the command string), in addition to the
address value which must precede this command.
Command S is illegal if it is issued when the CPU is running, or if it is not preceded by data. Console
state is maintained, which disables CPU output to the system terminal. (Typically, a command Z is
issued subsequently to enable CPU 1/0.) Note that command S is functionally similar to command G,
except that command G clears the special mode bit in the console control register and sets program

I/0 state.
Example:

CON=177406,17773100SAR00177406 Z <NL>
The above comntand string sets the switch register to 177406 and starts program execution at location
17773100 following system initialization. Microcode Version V02 prints the command R prompt as
described in Paragraph 4.4.5.

4-14

(

The following command string starts program execution at location 17773100 without changing the
switch register value. The command R prompt is forced as noted in the previous example.
CON= 17773100SAR00177406 Z <NL>

Command J, Set Single Bus Cycle

4.4.17

This command sets the processor’s single bus cycle switch to ON. The command is illegal if issued
when the processor is running.

4.4.18

Command K, Clear Single Bus Cycle

4.4.19

Command N, Execute Next Instruction

This command clears the processor’s single bus cycle switch and allows normal operation.

This command causes the CPU to execute a single cycle and then halt. (Command N is used in single
instruction cycle or single bus cycle operation only.) If the single bus cycle switch is set, a single bus
cycle is executed for each command N. Upon completion of the instruction or bus cycle, the contents
of the CPU address display register is printed on the system terminal. The address display multiplexer
may be set to a specific position by typing the position number as a prefix to the command N. This
command is illegal if issued when the processor is running.
Examples:

The processor executed a single instruction

CON= N00174567

and the address display contained 174567 at

completion.

The expand printout bit (Paragraph 4.3.2)
caused the Next command to be automat-

CON= N00156240
1M20016701

ically followed by a command M, display
memory data.

4.5

MULTIPLE FUNCTION CPU COMMAND GROUP

Several of the most frequently used basic commands were combined to make this group of five multiple function CPU commands available (Tdble 4-4). They are useful, first, in their efficiency; fewer
keystrokes are required for a given result. Second, the data display is in a much easier format to read.
The commands in this group may be mixed in a command string with each other, but may not be
mixed with the basic CPU commands. Appendix A.l.1 includes examples showing that syntax errors
result from such mixing.

4.5.1

Command / (Slash), Open a 16-Bit Word Location

This command performs a load address and examine of the 16-bit word address specified by the octal
value that must precede it. This command may be modified by adding another prefix, command $, to
indicate a register examine instead (Paragraph 4.3.7). This command is illegal if issued when the CPU
is running. Command / sets the memory data display multiplexer to position 1, data paths (Paragraph
4.4.4); the address display multiplexer is unaffected.

4-15

Examples:

CON= 1000/000137 <CR>

(Open memory location 1000.)

CON=

CON= $6/000700 @

(Perform indirect reference using contents of

00000700/016701

Examples which indicate how command $ performs when in combination with either 16-bit words or
8-bit bytes are included in Paragraph 4.5.2.

Table 4-4

Summary of Multiple Function CPU Command Group

Multiple

Equivalent

Function
Command

Basic
Commands

Description

Paragraph
Reference

nL E

Open a 16-bit word location

4.5.1

none

Open an 8-bit byte location

4,52

[n] <CR>

[n]D

Close an open location (can be used with

453

basic commands to provide a new line, <NL>)
[n] <LF>

[n]DnL E

Close an open location, then open next

4.54

sequential location and display its contents

[n]DnL E

Open an indirect location by using the

4.5.5

contents of the currently open location

4.5.2

Command \ (Backslash), Open an 8-Bit Byte Location

The command \, available only in Microcode Version V02, performs a load address and examine of

the 8-bit byte at the address specified by the octal value that must precede it. Successive line feeds are
used to display successive 8-bit bytes. This sequence is shown in the octal/hexadecimal comparative
examples that follow. Command \ may be modified by adding another prefix, command $, to specify
that a register is to be opened (Paragraph 4.3.7). Command * (single quote) or ** (double quote) may be
used to select octal or hexadecimal display format after a location has been opened as shown in the
example in Paragraph 4.3.9. When a processor register is specified ($00 through $17) the first byte
displayed is the low-order 8-bit byte of that register.
This command is illegal if issued when the CPU is running. Command \ sets the memory data display

multiplexer to position 1 (data paths) described in Paragraph 4.4.4; the address display multiplexer is

unaffected.
Comparative Examples:

For these examples, assume that the three consecutive words are as shown in Illustration 4-2.

4-16

DCTAL

HIGH

WORD

HIGH-ORDER BYTE

EONTERES
041101

042103

LOW-ORDERBYTE | S0 ER

EQUALS

001

102

101

ol00 ] 010 |o| 01 | 000 l 11

104

100|001

01]

000

T
043105

Low

100|011

|ofo1|o000

|10

)

103

106

105

MA-4317

Hlustration 4-2

Use of commands / and \ with command $ to access processor registers:

16-Bit (/)

8-Bit (\)

CON=$0/041101 <LF>

CON= $0\101<LF>

17777701/042103 <LF>

17777700H\102<LF>

17777702/043105

17777701 L\103<LF>

17777701 H\104
(Note that H or L address suffix
indicates that byte is low-order
or high-order.)
Use of commands / and \ to access memory data:
16-Bit (/)

8-Bit (\)

CON= 1000/041101 <LF>

CON= 1000\
101 <LF>

00001002/042103 <LF>

0000100\
102 <LF>

00001004 /043105

00001002\
103 <LF>
00001003\ 104

The previous examples include six-digit octal displays which represent two ASCII characters packed
into a 16-bit word. The binary contents of the high-order bytes are not readily apparent in the octal
displays. Further explanation and a translation table are provided in Appendix D, ASCII Character
Set.

4-17

4.5.3

Command <CR>, Close Location

This command closes a previously opened location. It is recognized by the electronic console for
closing a location only if the location was opened with command @, /, or <LF> (multiple function
commands). Any data argument typed while the location is open is deposited in that location before it
is closed. This command is always echoed as <NL> (<CR> <LF>) and may be used at any time to

provide a new line.
Examples:

CON= 1002/000137 240 <CR> <NL>

240 (NOP) is deposited in location 1002.

CON=
CON= 1002/000137 <CR> <NL>

Location 1002 is opened and closed without
depositing data. If no data is typed, no data is
deposited. Note the Microcode Version VOI
precaution concerning Delete in Paragraph
4.3.10.

4.5.4

Command <LF>, Open Sequential Location

When a location has been opened, this command causes any octal value typed to be deposited in that

location, closes the location, opens the next sequential location, and prints the new address and its
contents. This command is illegal if the location was not opened by a command @, /, or a previous
command <LF>.
Example:
CON= 1000/000137 <LF>

00001002/002000 <LF>
00001004/012706
4.5.5

Command @, Open Indirect Location

The command @ may be used only after a 16-bit word location is opened by a command /. The
contents of the currently open location are used as the address of the next location to be opened. When

a location is open and octal data is typed, command @ causes the data to be deposited in the current
location before being used as the address of the next location to be opened. Microcode Versions VOI

and V02 do not respond identically to the command @ when an 1/O page address is specified.
Example: (Microcode Version VOI)
CON= 1012/002000 @

00002000/177742 @
17777742/004010

In this example bits 13, 14, and 15 of the contents of location 2000 are ones. As a result, in CPU
instruction execution or electronic console command response, bits 16 through 21 are masked with

ones and 1/O page address 17777742 is referenced. This is consistent with the way locations are referenced by the CPU when the /O page is specified.

4-18

Example: (Microcode Version V02)
CON= 1012/002000 @
00002000/177742 @
00177742/102742

Since Microcode Version VOI1 does not sense the status of bits 13, 14, and 15, and no masking of bits 16
through 21

is provided, the referenced address is 00177742, not the expected 1/O page address

17777742,

To examine the CPU instruction execution path, you must use the following sequence of electronic
console commands instead:
CON= 1021/002000 @
00002000/177742 <CR
>

CON= 17777742/004010
4.6

SYSTEM PROGRAMMING CONSIDERATIONS

System programming is unaffected by installation of an electronic console with only two exceptions.
The electronic console logic includes two peripheral devices that appear on the system’s UNIBUS. One

of these replaces the DL11-A serial line interface which is removed when the electronic console is
installed on a system. The second device is the equivalent of a KW 11-L line clock. This may be used,
optionally, to replace a similar, pre-existing device on the system. Jumper W3 on the M8255 microprocessor module, if left in place, disables the M8255 clock and allows the existing system clock to
continue to provide that function.
4.6.1

DLI11-A

As described in the DLII-A Technical Manual (EK-DLI1-TM), the DL11-A contains four registers
which are addressed on the UNIBUS:
Receiver Status Register

17777560

Receiver Data Buffer

17777562

Transmitter Status Register

17777564

Transmitter Data Buffer

17777566

A receiver interrupt causes the interrupt PC and PSW to be from locations 60 and 62 respectively. A

transmitter interrupt causes the interrupt PC and PSW to be from locations 64 and 66 respectively.
The operation of the DLI11-A equivalent* electronic console option is identical to the actual DL11-A
option. Three additional status bits appear in the transmitter status register (17777564) if switch five on
DIP switch E19 on the 54-12781 multiplexer module is set to the OFF position. (This switch is normally ON if an LA36 is used as the system console terminal.) These bits are:

Bit 5

Remote active is set to one if the keyswitch isin REMOTE or REMOTE DISABLE.

Bit 4

Console state is set to one when the electronic console is in console or talk state.

Bit 3

Console present is always one.

The electronic console provides DLI11-A equivalent logic when used with DIGITAL terminals; VT100 must
be operated at a transmission baud rate of 1200 or less.

4-19

CAUTION

Since bit state is determined by electronic console
operation, programming that assumes the presence

of a DL11-A option may behave unpredictably with
the DL11-A equivalent in the electronic console.
4.6.2

KWI1I1-L

The KW11-L equivalent option in the electronic console operates exactly as the KWll L optlon describedin the KW11-L Technical Manual (EK-KWII1L--TM). Its control and status register is fixed at
location 17777546, and a line clock interrupt causes the interrupt PC and PSW to be from locations
100 and 102 respectively. Because the KW11-L option is normally present as a system option, the

KW 11-L logic within the electronic console is usually disabled. This is accomplished by leaving M 8255
Jumper W3 in place. If the KWI1I-L optlon is not present jumper W3 may be removed to enable
equivalent logic.

4-20

CHAPTER 5
HARDWARE FAILURE PROCEDURES

5.1

SCOPE

—

This chapter provides procedures for reporting either suspected
or confirmed system malfunctions to
‘the Service Response Group (SRG) in the DIGITAL Diagnostic Center (DDC). When you call the
DDC to report a hardware failure, they will begin diagnostic testing within minutes. DIGITAL’s
remote diagnosis services are dedicated to getting your system back on-linein the shortest possible

time.

- Figure 5-1 is a concise hardware failure reporting procedure, suitable for posting near the telephone
that will be used to call the DDC. Sheet 1 of 3 summarizes the entire reporting and repair process and

“indicates that “the DDC will” guide the user through each step. Sheets 2 of 3 and 3 of 3, and the
remainder of this chapter, provide general procedural information for the user who may observe, or be
involvedin, remote diagnostic testmg

5-1

REQUEST REPAIR

SERVICE

CALL
THE DDC TELEPHONE

NUMBER

THE DIGITAL DIAGNOSIS CENTER
provides remote diagnosis service

24 hours a day, 7 days a week
You should report all types of hardware failure:
Processor or Peripheral

Identified or Suspected

Hard or Intermittent

WHEN YOU CALL:

The DDC will ask you to identify:
|

Yourself
Your company

The site address

The system type and serial number

A phone number where you can be reached

‘)

The DDC will ask you about the problem:
What symptoms were (or are) present?

What error messages were printed on the terminal?

‘}

“The DDC will tell you:

How to prepare the system for remote diagnosis.

The DDC will:

Begin the appropriate test procedure almost immediately.
Notify the local DIGITAL office that your system
is under test.

The DDC will inform you of test results.

The local DIGITAL office will complete the repair on-site.
The DDC will verify that the system has been restored to
normal operation.

Figure 5-1

Remote Diagnosis Hardware Failure Reporting Procedure

(Sheet 1 of 3)

5-2

Although the DDC will guide you through the various testing procedures,

the following descriptions of typical sequences may be helpful.
®

IF THE CONSOLE FAULT INDICATOR IS LIGHTED
The failure is within the remote diagnosis hardware.
Remote test procedures are not applicable.

On-site repair service will be scheduled.
e

THE DDC MAY REMIND YOU THAT:

It is possible for an operating system to run normally

a lighted FAULT indicator.
and be unaffected by

If the failure was transient, a power-down/power-up
sequence may clear the FAULT indicator.

e WHEN MAINTENANCE DIAGNOSTICS ARE TO BE RUN BY THE DDC:

The DDC may ask you to:

Dismount operating system media.

Mount scratch media on designated devices.

Mount DDC diagnostic volume on designated device.
Ensure modem or DAA "NORMAL’ operation is selected,

Turn keyswitch to REMOTE position which will give DDC
control of the system,

The DDC will connect its host computer and begin testing.

The CARRIER and TEST indicators will be turned on (and may be
turned off and on at intervals).

The REMOTE position of the

keyswitch should not be changed until requested by the DDC.
The DDC may ‘““talk’’ to you at the system terminal.

If the failure is intermittent, extended monitoring
may be
necessary to resolve the problem.

After testing, the local DIGITAL office will complete the repair

If DDC diagnostic testing produces indeterminate results,

they may request access to the operating system for on-line
problem analysis.
e

WHEN DDC ACCESS TO THE OPERATING SYSTEM IS PERMITTED:

The DDC may ask you to:

Mount operating system media
Boot the system

Turn the keyswitch to the REMOTE DISABLE position; the
DDC may ask that the REMOTE position be selected to
permit them to do crash dumps and other operating system
related data testing.

Provide DDC with an account number and password
The DDC will log-in and begin testing.

The CARRIER and TEST indicators will be turned on (and mJay
be turned off and on at intervals).

The keyswitch position

should not be changed until requested by DDC.
The system terminal will echo DDC/CPU dialogue.
The system terminal keyboard may be disabled.
The DDC may “‘talk’’ to you at the system terminal.

After testing, the local DIGITAL office will complete the repair.

Figure 5-1

Remote Diagnosis Hardware Failure Reporting Procedure
(Sheet 2 of 3)
|

5-3

e PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
Preventive maintenance diagnostic sessions which will include

DDC testing (also extended monitoring for intermittent failure)
will be scheduled by the local DIGITAL office subject to
constraints imposed by customer requirements.

® DIGITAL SUPPLIED DAA s AND MODEM s
The remote diagnosis hardware may ‘include a DIGITAL
supplied DAA or MODEM.

The direct connection of

these devices to a dedicated telephone line is regulated

by the FCC (in the U.S.A.) or similar governmental
authority.

THE CUSTOMER IS ULTIMATELY RESPONSIBLE
FOR COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE REGULATIONS

DIGITAL-supplied DAA s or MODEM s which fail are usually - exchanged, not field repaired.

Only the manufacturer or

authorized agents may repair such equipment.

Site personnel

are responsible to ensure that the telephone company is

-notified whenh an exchange involves units which are electrically

different and/or have differing FCC registration numbers.

FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION, SEE:
The DDC section of the Site Management Guide

KY11-R USER GUIDE, EK-KY11R-UG
OPERATOR’'S REFERENCE SUMMARY, EK-KY11R-UG, Appendix F

Figure 5-1

Remote Diagnosis Hardware Failure Reporting Procedure
(Sheet 3 of 3)

5-4

5.2

ELECTRONIC CONSOLE MALFUNCTION (FAULT CONDITION)

Lighting of FAULT indicates that the electronic console has detected an error. This may occur either

during the self-test initiated at power-up or at any time during normal system operation. If the failure

occurs while a program is running, the program may or may not continue running normally.

When there is a failure indication, proceed as follows.

It is possible
for a transient problem to cause a failure indication. To determine if FAULT

~can be cleared, you must do a power-down/power-up sequence.

CAUTION

Before proceedmg, determine the operating state of

the system and consider the consequences of such action. If the system is running normally, it may con-

tinue to do so even with FAULT lighted.

Turn the keyswitch to OFF' all indicators will go out.
Turn the keyswitch to any on posmon (such as LOCAL) if FAULT turns on momentanly,

~ then turns off, the malfunction has cleared and normal system operation may continue. Any
indication of transient failure should be reported to the DDC so preventive maintenance

testing may be scheduled if necessary.

. f, however FAULT hghts and remains hghted you should contact the DDC for fault
analysis.

Within the U S.A. but out51de Colorado dlal 1-800-525- 6570 W1thm Colorado dial 1-800-

332 7189.

Customers in Canada are requested to contact the DDC by using the procedure provided by
their local DIGITAL office. In other countries, the telephone arrangements
are subject to

various governmental regulations and the specific procedure is detailed in the Operator’s
Reference Summary (Appendix F).

Provide the following information.
Customer name (company)

Caller’s name and phone number
Address and location of system
System type and serial number
Description of problem
Device and device number on which the diagnostic tape or diskis mounted

The DDC will log your call into the cumulative maintenance records for your system and

" then notify the appropriate local DIGITAL branch service office that a service call must be
| scheduled to perform correctlve mamtenance on the system.

5-5

5.3

SYSTEM MALFUNCTION (HARDWARE, HARD FAILURE)

A hard failure is an error that occurs repeatedly and cannot be cleared. If this type of failure is present,
perform the following procedure.
l.

If possible, determine which option or device has failed.

Contact the DDC.

The DDC will determine if remedial diagnostic testing 1s applicable. If it is not, they will
contact the appropriate local DIGITAL branch service office, which will then schedule a
service call to perform the required corrective maintenance. If, however, diagnostic testing is

-applicable, the DDC will probably ask you to:
Remove all system software media from the system.

Mount scratch media for all options or devices to be tested. In certain system crashes

(such as CPU hung), the DDC may request that only the system disk media be wrlte
locked and a snapshot of the CPU and peripherals be taken.
Load the system-specific DDC diagnostic volume (remote dlagn051s package) on the
appropriate device.

If the installation uses a telephone company installed Data Access Arrangement
(DAA) that includes a handset, ensure that the handset is properly cradled in the hook.
Also, ensure that the DAA test switch is in the normal (not test) operating position.

If, howeyer, the installation uses a DIGITAL-supplied DAA or stand-alone external
modem, you need only ensure that switches are in their normal operating (not test)

positions. The DDC always initiates the call that connects the site system with the
DDC host computer.

Turn the electronic console keyswitch to REMOTE; the REMOTE indicator will light.
The DDC will perform diagnostic testing in an attempt to duplicate and isolate system

failures. The local DIGITAL branch service office will have been alerted by the DDC

that the system is being tested. During this testing, the DDC has complete control of
the system. The DDC has access to console, program I/0, and talk states. The remote

operator can boot the system, perform I/O functions, and, in the talk state, print information for, or solicit information from the site operator at the system terminal.
When the DDC host computer is connected to the site system, CARRIER will be
turned on. While diagnostic testing is in progress, TEST will be turned on.
During the diagnostic testing period, CARRIER may be observed turning off and on.

| This is a normal condition, and no local action should be taken. The DDC may, for
example, start a diagnostic running, disconnect during the testing period (which will

turn off CARRIER), and then reconnect to evaluate the results and continue the session.

5-6

If it becomes necessary to have user response to DDC queries,/ or local system operation to duplicate a failure condition, the DDC will notify the site operator by telephone to monitor the system terminal for instructions.

After completion of the tests, the DDC host computer will be disconnected, and TEST
and CARRIER will be turned off.

The DDC will notify the local office of their determination of the problem and advise
what remedial action should be taken.

The local branch office w1ll contact the customer and schedule corrective action as

required.
5.4

SYSTEM MALFUNCTION (INTERMITTENT OR SOFTWARE FAILURE)

- Although the procedure described in Paragraph 5.3 usually resolves intermittent hardware failures,

they may not be exercised or detected by diagnostics. Also, system software may aggravate marginal
hardware components or may itself cause ambiguous error symptoms. Generally, these problems are

very difficult to duplicate and/or define.

Upon completion of diagnostic testing, it may be determined that the reported system fault is an
intermittent or operating system related problem. Software specialists are available either at the DDC

or other DIGITAL facilities to support the DDC. Depending upon the system software and the expertise available within DDC, a team effort may be appliedin an attempt to duplicate the problem. Any
procedure to i1solate system failures by using the operating system is attempted only with the customer’s authorization. If this action is to be taken the DDC will probably ask you to:
1.

Turn the electronic console keyswitch to LOCAL.

Unload scratch media and install system-operating software media.

Boot the system as outlinedin Paragraph 3.2 and the Operator’s Reference Summary (Appendix F).

Turn the keyswitch to REMOTE DISABLE. The REMOTE and DISABLE indicators will

light.

5. Notify the DDC that the system 1s ready for -testihg.
6.

Supply the DDC with an operating system account number and password.

The DDC will log onto the system; CARRIER will turn on when the connection is made.
TEST will remain off if the microcode version is VO1; however, in V02, TEST will be on

when testing is in progress.

8. With the keyswitch in REMOTE DISABLE and the system software running, t_-he'system
terminal will log commands and messages received and transmitted by the DDC. The system
terminal keyboard will be disabled to prevent operator intervention.

5-7

The DDC will give the local branch office a description of the problem and tell them

(

whether or not the DDC was able to isolate the failure. The local branch office will schedule
corrective action if required.

The branch office will determine (in all cases) the course of action to be followedin resolving
customer requests for service.

10.

APPENDIX A

CONSOLE AND ERROR MESSAGES

A.1

ERROR MESSAGES

The messages described in this section are system-generated as a result of incorrectly entered commands, or faults detected by the logic.
A.1.1

?SYN ER , Syntax Error

This error message is generated whenever the electronic console detects any command that does not
conform to the required format.

([<OPTIONAL VALUE><SEPARATOR>]<ARGUMENT>]<COMMAND>[<RESPONSE>]<ACKNOWLEDGEMENT>

Paragraph 4.2 describes this format in greater detail.

The syntax error message also results from an attempt to mix commands from the multiple function
command group with basic CPU commands.

Example:

Attempted use of the basic command D to deposit data into a location opened by a

command / (slash) - from the multiple function CPU command group - causes a
syntax error message.

CON= 1000/041101 041102D
7SYN ER
CON=

Example;

If a location has been opened and examined by the basic commands L and E, an
attempt to open the next sequential address using the command <LF> (from the
multiple function CPU command group) causes a syntax error message.

CON= 1000L AE041101 <LF>
7SYN ER
CON=

A.1.2

?RUN ER , Illegal (If CPU Is Running) Command Error

Certain CPU commands are illegal if issued when the processor is in the run state. The console echoes
the illegal command and prints an error message. This applies to the following commands.

Commands

Command Category

<CTRL/D>,L,/,\

Load address

CG; P, S

Start or continue instruction execution

Deposit data

Initialize system

Electronic console self-test

A.1.3

?ER/T14411, Memory Reference Error

Any command that references memory may result in an address or parity error. The illegal command
is terminated immediately, and an error message which includes CPU status is printed. The two loworder bits of the CPU status response define whether address or parity error (or both) have occurred
(Figure 4-5).

CON= 17777200/7ER
/T
14 1
A.1.4

Attempt to reference nonexistent memory.

?CON ER, Console Logic Fault

FAULT is turned on whenever the electronic console detects an internal error condition. If the logic
required to do so remains operative, the 7CON ER message will be printed on the terminal. The

console performs error checking on internal bus activity continuously, and a self-check routine is
invoked at power-on or by command V. A fault may be detected at power-on when all indicators,

except CARRIER (but including FAULT), are on at the same time. If the logic by which the indicators are turned off is inoperative, they may all remain on.
A.1.5

+ , Serial Line Error

This error message is generated when the electronic console detects a bit format error in the serial line
logic. A loose connection or typing too fast are typical causes of this error condition.
A.2

CONSOLE MESSAGES

The messages described in the following paragraphs display electronic console or CPU status and/or
test results.
A.2.1

#, CPU Response Time-out

A CPU command typed at the system terminal is processed through the electronic console to the CPU.

The CPU response is processed through the electronic console back to the terminal. If, after forwarding a command to the CPU, the electronic console does not receive a CPU response within the maximum 100 msec allowed, it will abort the command and print the # symbol followed by the CON=
prompt.

For example, if the single bus cycle switch is on and a CPU command such as load address is issued,
the time-out symbol will be printed. The operator would clear the single bus cycle switch by typing a
command K, then reissue the command that failed.
Example:

CON=200L#
CON=

A.2.2

*H , Programmed Halt

If the CPU executes a programmed halt, the console prints a halt message including a <BELL>, the
halt address, and the CPU status. The serial line multiplexer is left in the state it was in prior to the halt
(console or program I/0). A programmed halt message is printed with an asterisk (*) prefix to dis-

tinguish it from an electronic console command H (halt). See Paragraph 4.4.13.
A.2.3

?CAR ER
, Carrier Lost

Upon detection ofcarrler lost, the console will print a message on the system terminal and initialize the
remote line protocolin preparation for reconnection. This message may be incidental to a DDC test
session.

The DDC may initiate a diagnostic session, disconnect during the period of testing, then reconnect to

evaluate results and continue the session. If the carrier lost message is printed, and CARRIER goes
off, but TEST stays on, the DDC 1s usmg that test procedure.
A.2.4

V000377 Successful Completion of Self-Test

During power-up initialization the electronic console forces a command V, Wthh initiates a self-test.
As describedin Paragraph 3.2.2, the message indicates either successful or unsuccessful completion of

segments of the self-test routine. If this message is printed with any bit error indicating a failure (such

as V001377), FAULT will also be on. An unsolicited V000377 message on the system terminal is

evidence that a power failure occurred; the message indicates that a successful self-test occurred when

power came back on.

APPENDIX B

BOOTSTRAP PROCEDURES

System-specific bootstrap details are provided in the Operator’s Reference Summary (Appendix F).
B.1

M9301 BOOTSTRAP
1.
2.

Type <CTRL/P> H to enter console state and halt whatever program may be running.
From Table B-1, determine the appropriate command string for the device on which the
source medium is loaded. Enter the command string, using the example below as a guide.
(The example assumes RP04, drive 0.)

Switch Register Value

070

Least Significant Digit [s Drive Number ——

Argument Separator (comma)

17765000 G

Starting Address
Start Program, Enables Program 1/0
<CTRL/P> AP <BELL>
CON= H00153304/T 14410 70,17765000G R0O0000070 <NL>

RSTS V06B 02 BUBU (DBO)

The R prompt (read switch register, Microcode Version V02 only) is printed to remind the
operator that the switch register must now be set to the predetermined value which the CPU
expects in a power-fail (power-going-down) situation (in this example, all ones).
Type <CTRL/P> to enter the console state.
Type 17777777W, which will write all ones to the switch register.

As a verification that the entry was made correctly, type the command R, which results in a
printout of the switch register setting.

Type the command 7, which selects the program 1/O state and returns the terminal to
program control.
<CTRL/P> AP <BELL>

CON= 1777TTTTTWAR17777777 Z <NL>
(Output, if any, is under program control.)

B-1

Table B-1

M9301 Command String Definition

Command String

Switch

M9301
Variant

Device

-YC

TMI1I

-YC

TCI1

-YC

Starting
Address

010

17765000

020

17765000

RKOS5

030

17765000

-YC

RP02, RP0O3

040

17765000

-YH

RKO06, RK07

050

17765000

-YC

TUIl6

060

17765000

-YC

RP04, 05,06, RM03

070

17765000

-YC

RS04

100

17765000

-YC
-YH

RXO01
PCIl1

110
120

17765000
17765000

G
G

B.2

Separator

Note that the least significant digit of the switch register setting is the drive number.

BMS873 AND MR11-DB BOOTSTRAPS

Table B-2 provides BM873-YA, BM873-YB, and MR 11-DB bootstrap command string definitions.
The switch register value is (except in four instances) assumed to be zero and is not required in the
command string. In those four instances (when the drive number is other than zero), the drive number
must be entered as the switch register value.

Table B-2

BM873 and MR11-DB Command String Definition

BM873-YA

BM873-YB

MR11-DB

Switch Register

Device

Starting
Address

Setting
(Drive Number)

Starting
Address

(M792-YD)
(M792-YE)

KLII

773210 G

PCl11

773312 G

0 assumed

773510 G

0 assumed

773620 G

RCI1

773144 G

0 assumed

773212 G

773220
G

RFI1

773000 G

0 assumed

773136 G

773100
G

RKI11

773010 G

0 assumed

773030 G

773110
G

(

RKI1

| through 7

773032 G

RPI11

773100 G

0 assumed

773350 G

773154
G

RPI1

1 through
7

773352 G

RS04

0 assumed

773000 G

Separator

RS04

| through 7

773002 G

TALI

773230 G

0 assumed

773524 G

TAII

| through 7

773526 G

TEl

773030 G

0 assumed

773070 G

773120
G

TTMMI11

773050 G

0 assumed

773110
G

773136
G

TI16

0 assumed

773150 G

Command String Example 1:

Assume KL11 and BM873-YA bootstrap.
<CTRL/P> AP <BELL>

CON= 773210G <NL>
RSTS VO6B 02 BUBU (DK)

B-2

Command String Example 2:
Assume RK 11, BM873-YB, and drive 4.
<CTRL/P> AP <BELL>

CON=4,773032G <NL>
RSTS VO6B 02 BUBU (DKUO0)
B.3

M9312 BOOTSTRAP

System-specific M9312 bootstrap details are provided by the Operator’s Reference Summary (Appendix F) when appropriate. The M9312 Technical Manual (EK-M9312-TM) provides M9312 ROM configuration details which are beyond the scope of this appendix.

B-3

APPENDIX C

SPECIFICATIONS

C.1

SCOPE

The following are electrical and environmental specifications for the KY11-R option. These spemflcations and particulars are for mformatlonal purposes only and are subject to change without notice.
Power Requirements

Typical Current

Nominal Voltage

(Amperes, dc)

M 8255 controller module

(Volts, dc)

2.30

+ 5.0

0.20
0.11

54-12781 console interface

+15.0

-15.0

2.35

+ 5.0

0.06

+15.0

0.075

54-12498 modem

0.06

+ 5.0

(KY11-R and KY11-RC only)

0.03

+15.0

0.03

-15.0

Total current of above items

4.710

+ 5.0

0.290
0.215

UNIBUS loading

|
,

dc bus load.

Environmental Characteristics
Temperature

Operating: 10 to 40° C (50 to 104° F).

Nonoperating: -40 to 66° C (-40to 151° F).
"Humidity

+15.0
-15.0

The KY11-R presents one

-15.0

Operating and nonoperating:

10 to 95 percent, maximum wet bulb, 28° C
(82° F) and minimum dew point 2° C (36° F).

APPENDIX D

ASCII CHARACTER SET

D.1

OCTAL DISPLAY TO ASCII TRANSLATION

An ASCII character code (seven bits without parity or eight bits including parity) can be packed in
either the low-order or high-order byte of a 16-bit word. No unusual handling is required by hardware

or software in depositing or retrieving any character code to or from either byte.
There is an unusual problem, however, when you attempt to identify the two ASCII codes within a
word from an octal display.

As shown in Figure D-1, the byte boundary intersects the group of three binary bits which are read as

the third least significant octal digit. As a result, that digit must be (at least mentally) translated back
into binary and the bits assigned to the appropriate byte. It is then possible to read the low-order byte

contents directly as an ASCII code. The high-order byte contents present a more complex problem
which requires both binary bit manipulation and a translation table.

HIGH ORDER BYTE

PARITY

415

13 12 11

PARITY

L] [ofo]o] lOJ0l1Ll

[ifofo] [ofofo]

W07

0504 03

02 01

%Al

lolofo]

[o]o|

1] <EacHBYTE cOnTAINS

BINARY 101, ASCII A"

Lofofo] [oj 0 | 1] «THE BINARY WORD

|1011

—

« | [

LOW ORDER BYTE -

BYBME BOUNDARY

10 09 08

]<—THE OCTAL WORD

<+-|GNORE PARITY

1 <«-THIRD LEAST SIGNIFICANT
OCTAL DIGIT SEPARATED

INTO BYTE COMPONENTS

<«-BYTE CONTENTS (OCTAL)

READ BIT 8 AS 0 OR 4 AND AS THE LEAST
SIGNIFICANT OCTAL DIGIT OF THE HIGHORDER BYTE. TRANSLATION TO THE
ASCIl CHARACTER REQUIRES THE USE
OF TABLE D1 WHICH, FOR THIS EXAMPLE,

VISUALIZATION OF THE BINARY
TO OCTAL CONVERSION REQUIRES
THE ADDITION OF ASSUMED LEADING
AND TRAILING ZEROES

READ BIT6 ASOOR 1 AND AS
THE MOST SIGNIFICANT OCTAL
DIGIT OF THE ASCII CHARACTER
CODE IN THE LOW-ORDER BYTE

INDICATES THAT OCTAL 404 IN THE
HIGH-ORDER BYTE IS BINARY 101,

ASCH""A".

MA-5570

Figure D-1

Octal Display to ASCII Translation

D-1

Table D-1 provides both the ASCII character set codes and their corresponding translation to or from

the high-order byte.

(

Given a six-digit octal word which represents two packed ASCII character codes:

Convert the third least significant octal digit to binary.

Read the least 51gmficant binary bit (bit 6) as a 0 or 1 and as the flI'St octal digit (O or 1) of the
low-order byte ASCII character code.
Example:
1545 l2 3

(The octal word)

—1 2 3 (The ASCII code for the letter S)

Bit6

3. Read the most significant binary bit (b1t 8)as a0 or4and as the last octal digit (0 or 4) of the
high-order byte octal contents. Note that the first digit of the octal wordis parlty (binary bit

(

15), whichis ignored.

Example

Ignore parity —=>1 5 éll 52 3 (The octal word)

544 <

Bit 8

(

Table D-1 indicates that 544 octal, ‘read from the hlgh order byte transldtes to ASCII character code
131, the letter Y.

Table D-1

ASCIl

ASCII Character Set

High-Order

Character

Code
000
001

000
004

002
003

010
014

00
o1

034

010
011
012

040
044
050

08
09
0A

013

054

014
015
016

060
064
070

0C
0D
OE

074

02
03

007

020
024
030

Hexadecimal

04
05
06
07

017

‘
|

~ Equivalent

004
005
006

Byte

Decimal

000
001

004
005
1006

NUL
SOH (A A)

STX
(A B)
ETX (A C)
~

EOT (A D)
ENQ (2 E)
ACK
(A F)

007

BEL (A G)

008
009
010

BS
HT
LF

o1l

VT (AK)

012
013
014

015

Character

002
003
|

(
|

FF(AL)
CR
SO (A N)

SI(* 0)

)

Table D-1

ASCII Character Set (Cont)

ASCII

High-Order

Character
Code

Byte
Equivalent

020
021
022

100
104
110

023

114

024
025
026
027

120
124
130
134

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

030,
031
032
033
034
035
036
037

140
144
150
154
160
164
170
174

18
19
1A
IB
1C
1D
IE
IF

040
041
042
043
044
045
046

200
204
210
214
220
224
230

20
21
22
23
24
25
26

050
051
052
053
054
055
056
057

240
244
250
254
260
264
270
274

28
29
2A
2B
2C
2D
2E
2F

060
061
062
063
064
065
066
067

300
304
310
314
320
324
330
334

30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37

070
071
072
073
074
075
076
077

340
344
350
354
360
364
370

38
39
3A
iB
3C
3D
3E

047

234

374

Hexadecimal

= Decimal

|
Character

016
017
018
019
020
021
022
023

DLE (A P)
DCI(*
Q)
DC2(~ R)
DC3 (A S)
DC4 (A T)
NAK (A U)
SYN (A V)
ETB (A W)

024
025
026
027
028
029
030
031

CAN (A X)
EM(*Y)
SUB (A Z)
ESC
FS (A\)
GS
RS
US

032
033
034
035
036
037
038

SP
!
“
#
$
%o
&

040
041
042
043
044
045
046
047

(
)
*
+
:
:
/

048
049
050
051
052
053
054
055

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

056
057
058
059
060
061
062

8
9
;
:
<
=
>
?

039

|
|

:
'

:
.

|
|
.

063

‘o

Table D-1

ASCII Character Set (Cont)

ASCII

"High-Order

Character

Byte

Code

Equivalent

Hexadecimal

Decimal

Character

100
101

400
404

40
41

064
065

@
A

102

410

066

103

414

067

C
D

104

420

068

105

424

069

106

430

070

107

434

071

110

440

072

111

444

073

112

450

074

113

454

075

114

460

076

115

464

077

116

470

078

117

474

079

120

500

080

121

504

081

122

510

082

123

514

083

S
T

124

520

54 .

084

125

524

085

126

530

086

127

534

087

130

540

088

131

544

089

132

550

090

133

554

091

[

134

560

135

564

092
093

\
]

136

570

094

137

574

095

—

600

’
a

140

141

604

60
61

096
097

142

610

098

143

614

099

144

620

100

145

624

101

146

630

147

634

102

103

150

640

151

644

104

105

152

650

106

153

654

107

154

660

108

155

664

109

156

670

110

157

674

111

Table D-1

ASCII
Character

High-Order
Byte

Code

Equivalent

ASCII Character Set (Cont)

Hexadecimal

Decimal

Character

160

700

112

161

704

113

162

710

114

163

714

115

164

720

116

165

724

117

166

730

118

167

734

119

w
X

170

740

120

171

744

121

172

750

122

173

754

174

760

123

{

124

|
}

175

764

125

176

770

126

177

774

127

DEL (RUBOUT)

APPENDIX E

MICROCODE DIFFERENCES

Microcode Version V02 was introduced at CS revision H of the M8255 microprocessor module. The
functional differences between Microcode Versions VOl and V02 are noted throughout this manual.

Table E-1 itemizes those features in which differences exist and indicates the operational consequences

in summary form. The table includes references to the paragraphs of this manual in which the feature
‘18 discussed in depth.

Table E-1
Item

Differences

POWER Indicator

VOI

On indicates thaf power is on.

V02

On .indicates that power is on and pvrogram is running.

Blinking indi.cates' th;t power is on and program has héltéd.

See Paragraph 2.5 DISABLE Indicator

Microcode Version VOl/VOZ Differences

VOl
V02

Onindicates that keyswitch is in LOCAL DISABLE or REMOTE DISABLE.
e

Onindicates that keyswitch
is in LOCAL DISABLE or REMOTE DISABLE and program is running.

See Paragraph 2.6

Blinking mdlc:dtes that keyswntchis in LOCAL DISABLE or REMOTE
DISABLE and program has halted

TEST Indicator

VOl

On indicates that DDC is testing.

Disabled in REMOTE DISABLE."

See Paragraph 2.9

V02

On indicates that DDC is testing.

Logic Verification
Message (following
error detection)

VOI1

Will attempt to prlnt message then may dttempt to prmt console error message and turn on FAULT.

V()2
See Paragraph 3.2.2.1

Automatic setting of Program

[/O State to Prevent
Print Buffer Overflow
See Paragraph 3.4

Will attempt to print message then will always dttempt to print console error
-

message and turn on FAULT.

VoI

Not available

V02

|
Absence of keyboard activity for twenty seconds while in console state causes
automatic setting of program I/O state.

Table E-1

Microcode Version V01/V02 Differences (Cont)

Item

Differences

Read Switch Register

VOl

Prompt (a reminder to set

switch register to power-

V02

fail value)

Not available.

R prompt follows any command that initiates or continues program instruction execution.

See Paragraphs 4.4.5,
4.4.16

Delete Display Format

\40)
V02

A backslash is echoed with each character as it is deleted.
A backslash is echoed with first character deleted, but is not repeated as other

characters
are deleted; a final backslash is printed when a new character, deSee Paragraph 4.3.10

. Effect of Delete on

limiter, or command is typed

VOl

Temporary Input Register

Typing first character enables register contents transfer even if all typed-in
characters are deleted, leaving all zeros.

Data Transfer

|
V02

See Paragraph 4.3.10
Command @ Response to
[/O Page Indirect
Addressing

Not consistent with CPU instruction execution.
|
|
Bits 16 through 21 are masked with ones to provide access to 1/O page; consistent with CPU instruction execution.

See Paragraph 4.5.5
Command $ Masks Address

Logic counts characters typed-in and deleted; if no characters remain in the

VOl

to Open a Register

Used to modify commands <CTRL/D>, L, and /. Mask forces all bits except
six low-order bits to become ones.

V02

Used to modify commands <CTRL/D>, L, /, \, G, and S. Only bits above
most significant octal digit are masked to become ones.

Command * (single quote)

VOl

Not available.

See Paragraph 4.3.8

V02

Selects octal data display format.

Cdmmand *“ (double quote)

V01

Not available.

See Paragraph 4.3.9

V02

Selects hexadecimal data diSplay format.

Command \ (Backslash)

VOl

Not available.

See Paragraph 4.5.2

V02

Opens 8-bit byte location.

M8255 Microprocessor

VOl

CS Revision E

V02

CS Revision H

See Paragraph 4.3.7

Module
(CS Revision)

'APPENDIX F
OPERATOR’S REFEREN CE SUMMARY

/77 &

SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION:
ELECTRONIC CONSOLE MICROCODE VERSION:

NORMAL OPERATION

BOOTSTRAP MODULE:

SYSTEM VOLUME I.D.: E
SYSTEM VOLUME RESIDES ON DRIVF-E’] ’
1. TURN KEYSWITCH FROM OFF TO LOCAL

[¢] vo00377

E i7?é§@fi€?3 cL=]R

con=L1 ©

2. SET SWITCH REGISTER FOR POWER-DOWN

C CTRL/P ) AP <BELL>
CON=R

_WZ

3. SET KEYSWITCH TO LOCAL OR LOCAL DISABLE
LOCAL DISABLE

—]LOCAL

(“PANEL LOCK")

(NOT “PANEL LOCK")

4. SET SLIDE SWITCH FOR POWER-FAIL RESTART

@l Jaun

L Jwar

SYSTEM RESPONSE IF IN

SYSTEM RESPONSE IF IN
®

@l Jrono
POSITION

POSITION

SYSTEM PROBLEM REPORTING

1. REPORT ANY HARDWARE MAINTENANCE PROBLEM

CONTACT DIGITAL'S SERVICE RESPONSE GROUP; TELEPHONE NUMBER:

2. LOAD DIAGNOSTIC VOLUME

DIAGNOSTIC VOLUME I.D.:

MOUNT ON DRIVE:
MA-4348

F.1 INSTRUCTIONS FOR FILLING OUT OPERATOR’S REFERENCE SUMMARY
Although the electronic console is primarily a remote diagnosis device, normal system operating pro-

cedures are affected by its installation. The Operator’s Reference Summary is a convenient form for

posting the new procedurés with system-specific details. The form will be most useful if it is completed
jointly by the DIGITAL Field Service Engineer and responsible site personnel at the time an electronic
consoleis installed. Each of the following instructions is keyed to an item on the Operator’s Reference
Summary

‘

1. Enter any number and/or name by which the site personnel usually identify the system.
2. Type <CTRL/E> to determine the microcode version (such as V02) and enter it.
3.

Enter the bootstrap module type.

Enter the number and/or name that identifies the system volume.

5. Enter the identification and number of the drlve on which the system volume will be (
mounted.

6. V000377 is a system-generated verification of a successful eleetrdnic console self-test.

7. Enter the switch register setting required for system bootstrapping.

8. Enter the starting address vrequired for vsystem bootstrapping.
9.

Microcode Version V02 and later versions will print thls command R prompt (read switch
register contents). Enter the same data as in step 7.

10.

Enter the system response to the completlon of bootstrapping and the operatmg system
coming up.

11. Ris the command read switch register contents. Enter the same data as in step 7

12. Enter the switch register setting for power going down.

’

13. Check the one box that indicates uormal operation for thissystem.

14. Check the one box that indicates the required setting fer power coming up.
15.

List the two switch positions not checked in step 14.

16. Enter the system response
to each switch setting’following a power-down, power-up cycle.
17. Enter the DDC telephone number here and at the top.Qf Figure 5-1, sheet 1 of 3.

18. Enter the number and /or name th'at identifies the diagnostic volume.
19.

Enter the identification and number of the dr1ve on which the diagnostic volume will be
mounted.

GLOSSARY/INDEX

(Display CPU Address Register Contents Command)
(4.4.1)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

A system-generated space character which is printed on the system terminal following successful
completion of certain commands.
(34 1) (3.4.2) (3.4.3) (344)
ADDRESS DISPLAY REGISTER (MULTIPLEXER)

CPU logic which can be set, by command A or N with a data argument, to any one of seven
display modes and provides a display of CPU address information in response to command A or
(4.3.4) (4.4.1) (4.4.19)
- ADDRESS REGISTER

CPU logicin which the current addressis stored
(4.3.7) (4.4.3) (4.4.8) (4.4.9)

ARGUMENT

A number, typed as a prefix toa command, representing an address a value to be depos1ted or a

display multiplexer position.
(4.2.1) (4.2.2)
|

ARGUMENT SEPARATOR

A comma used to separate the switch reglster settlng from the data argument w1th1n a command
string.

(4.2.1) (4.2.2)

BASIC COMMAND
(See CPU Control - Basic Commands.)

BM873 BOOTSTRAP
(B.2)

G-1

BOOTSTRAPPING

Use of a comparatively simple program to load, and usually start a larger more complex pro- (
|

gram.

(2.2.3) (3.2) (3.2.3)
"BYTE LOCATION

Command \ opens an 8-bit byte location; <LF> or <CR> closes a byte location. (Availablein
Microcode Version V02 only.)

(4.3.7) (4.3.8) (4.5.2) (4.5.3) (4.5.4)

(Continue Program Instruction Execution Command)
4.4.11)

CR '(Close an Open Location or New Line Comm'and)

4.53)

» (

'CARRIER

A modem signal, modulated by data and transmitted over telephone 01rcu1ts by wh1ch the DDC
communicates with a system under test.
(2.2.3) (2.8) (4.3.2)

CARRIER ERRORDISABLE

~ Controlled by bit 5 <040> of the console control register in Mlcrocode Version VOI; used to

eliminate the printing of carrier error message when the DDC 1ntentlonally breaks telephone - (
connection.

(4.3.2)

- CARRIER INDICATOR

Located on the electronic console front panel; the word CARRIER is lighted whenever the remote serial interface detects a carrier signal from the modem.
(2 8) (2 9) (3 2. 2) (5 3)

CARRIER LOST

| N S |

The electronic console prints the message 7CAR ER when the carrier signal from the modemis
lost. This may occur as a result of a malfunction; however an 1ntent1onal DDC dlsconnect1on
from the telephone l1neis also a poss1ble cause.
o

0 (2.2.3) (4.3.2) (A.2.3)
COMMAND

Any character code wh1ch is recognized and processed by the electronic console microcode to
provide operator-desired results.

(Chapter 4)
COMMAND STRING

Sequence of option value, argument separator, argument command response, and acknowledgement by which an operator controls the electromc console and/or CPU

(34.4) (42) (422

G-2

)

(

)

COMMAND SYMBOLS

|
|
The following symbols are used as eleotromc console commands:

(Open Register Address)
(4.3.7)

v(Single quote — Select Octal Data Display Format)
(4.3.8)

(Double quote Select Hexadeolmal Data Dlsplay Format)
(4.3.9)

(Comma - Argument Separator)
(4.2.1)

(Slash — Open a 16-bit Word Location)
(4.5.1)

(Backslash - Open an 8-Bit Byte)
(4.5.2)

(Open an Indirect Looatlon)
- (4.5.5)

CON=

The prompt printed on the system terminal to indicate that the electronic consoleis in console
state and ready to process a command.

(322
CONSOLE CONTROL COMMANDS

Commands that are implemented within the electronic console and do not directly affect the

CPU.

(4.3)

CONSOLE CONTROL REGISTER
A 6 or 7-bit register within the electronic console. The bits can be set, eleared or d1splayed to

enable or disable operational features.

(4 3.2)

'CONSOLE LOGIC FAULT ‘The electronic console performs continuous 1nternal loglc self-testmg If a failure 1s detected,
FAULTis turned on and the message 2CON ER is prmted on the system terminal.

(2.10) (3.2.2.1) (A.1.4)
CONSOLE STATE

Entered by typing <CTRL/ P>: allows site or remote operator to oommumcate W1th the elec-

tronic console.

(2.2.3) (2.2.4) (3.2.2) (33 1) (3.3.3) (3.4.4) (434) (435) (436) (438) (439) (4.4.1) (44 11)
(4.4.16)

- CONTINUE PROGRAM INSTRUCTION EXECUTION
|
Command C
(3.44)(4.4.11)
CPU CONTROL - BASIC COMMANDS

Commands that are passed through the electronic console to control operation of the CPU.
(4.4)

CPU CONTROL- MULTIPLE FUNCTION COMMANDS
ODT - like commands that provide the equivalent functionality of two or more basic commands
(4.5)

CPU IDENTITY

Command <CTRL/E>
(4.3.1)
‘CPU RESPONSE TIME-OUT

The absence of CPU response, within 100 msec, to a signal from the electronic console causes the
# symbol to be prmted on the system termmal as an error message
(A.2.1)
CPU STATUS

CPU status is displayed when a program halt instruction or electronic console command H is
executed, and in response to the command T.
(3.4.4) (4.4.6) (4.4.13)
D

(Deposit Command)
| '(4fi4.8)
|

_‘ <CTRL/D> (Dump Memory Command)

(442)

DAA

(See Data Access Arrangement)

DATA ACCESS ARRANGEMENT (DAA)
A device that permits connection of privately owned data communications equipment into the
common carrier network (telephone lines). May be supplied by telephone company or govern-

mental authority or prwately owned; may be a stand-alone unit or incorporated into a modem.
(1 2) (5 3)

DATA TERMINAL READY (DTR)
A signal which, when asserted by the electronic console to the modem, enables interconnection of
the electronic console to the DDC over a telephone line.
(2.2.3) (2.2.4) (2.2.5) (3.3.1) (3.3.3) (4.3.6)

G-4

DDC

(See Digital Diagnostic Center.)

DELETE (Delete Last Character TYped-In Command)
(4.2.2) (4.3.10) (4.3.11)

DEPOSIT
Command D
(3.4.2) (4.3.11) (4.4.8)

DIGITAL DIAGNOSTIC CENTER (DDC)

A facility staffed by remote diagnosis specialists who direct host computer diagnostic testing of
customer computer systems.

(14)(15)(224)(225)(27)(28)(29)(331)(333)(432)(436)(53)
DISABLE INDICATOR

Located on the electronic console front panel; the word DISABLE is lighted whenever the keyswitch is in LOCAL DISABLE or REMOTE DISABLE; may be blmkmg to indicate that the
program has halted.

(2.6)

DISCARD REMOTE PRINTOUT

Controlled by bit 5 <040> of the console control register in Microcode Version V02; used by the
DDC to eliminate program output during the running of diagnostics when the DDC is not connected to the system.

(4.3.2)
DL11-A

A PDP-11/70 serial line interface option. It is replaced by equivalent logic when an electronic

console is installed; equivalence here means when used with DIGITAL options; VT100 must be
operated at a transmission baud rate of 1200 or lower.
(4.6) (4.6.1)
DTR

(See Data Terminal Ready.)

DUMP MEMORY
Command <CTRL/D>
(4.3.8) (4.4.2)

(Examine Location Command)
(4.4.3)

<CTRL/E> (Identify System and Microcode Versmn Command). (4.3.1)

ELECTRONIC CONSOLE

PDP-11/70 remote diagnosis option (KYll R)

C(1.1) (2.2.1) (2.2.5) (2.8) (2.10) (3.2) (4.1) (4.3) (43.4) (44)
EXAMINE

Command E

(3.4.1) (3.4.2) (3.4.3) (4.3.8) (4.4.3)

EXPAND PRINTOUT
Controlled by bit 3 <010> of the console control rcg1ster may be set to cause an automatic
display of the memory data d1<\*play register followmg a command N (execute next 1nstruct1on)

(4.3.2)

FAULT INDICATOR
-

An indicator on the electronic console front panel ‘the word FAULT is l1ghtcd whenever an

internal logic failureis detected.

(

(2.10) 3.2.2.1) (5.5)
FORCE SWITCH REGISTER PROMPT

~ Controlled by bit 6 <100> of the console control reg1stcr (See Sw1tch chlster Prompt )
(43 1)
FREE PHONE

(See Toll-Free Telephone Number.)

(Go Command)
(4.4.12)

|
Command G
4.4.12)
H

(Halt Command)

(4.4.13)
HALT

A CPU state in which program instruction execution is inhibited; can be asserted by program

instruction or by a halt signal from the electronic console (power-fail restart switch or command

H).

(2.3) (3.4.4) (44.11) (4.4.13) (A.2.2)

HEXADECIMAL DATA DISPLAY
Electronic console Microcode Version V02 provides not only the usual octal d1splay but also, In

~response to command
¢ (double quote), set hexadecimal dlsplay format.

(3.4.1) (4.3.8) (4.3.9) (4.5.2)
HOST COMPUTER

A computer system, located at the DDC programmed for use by remote diagnosis specialistsin
the testing and analysis of customer system failure.

(1.4) (2.8) (2.9) (3.3.3) (4.3.2) (5.3)

(Initialize CPU Command)

(4.4.14)

INDIRECT ADDRESSING

Contents of a location are used as the address of the next instruction. When the microcode 1s
- version 02, the electronic console follows the CPU instruction pathin response to command @.

(4.5.9)
" INITIALIZE CPU

- Command 1
(3.4.4) (43 8) (4.3.9) (4.4. 12) (44 14) (44 16)

[/O PAGE AREA

Upper page of CPU memory, physical addresses = 16000000; the electronic console accesses

registers and I/O page area by maskmg leading zeros of an address with ones, command $.

(4.3.7)

(Set Smgle Bus Cycle Command)
(44 17)
K

(Clear Single Bus Cycle Command)
(4.4.18)

KEYSWITCH

A five-position rotary SW1tch on the front panel of the electronic console thatis customer controlled; used to select local or remote modes of operation.

(1.5) (2.1 through 2.2.5) (2.6) (2.9) (3.2.2)

KWll L

A PDP-11/70 line clock option. The electron1c console 1ncludes KWll L equ1valent logic. The
system option is usually left unchanged and the redundant electronic console logic disabled.
(4.6.2)

KWI11-L CONTROL AND STATUS REGISTER

(

Logic within both the electronic console KW11-L equivalent and the KW11-L option.

(4.6.2)
KY11-R

The option designator for the PDP- 11/70 Remote Dlagn051s Electronic Console.
(See Electronic Console.)

‘

L | (Load Address Command)
(4.4.9)

<CTRL/L> (Select Talk State Command)
(4.3.6)

LAMP TEST SWITCH

An unmarked pushbutton switch on the electronic console front panel; used to test all panel

indicator lamps 51mu1taneously

(2.4)

<LF> (Open and Close Sequentlal Locations Command)

(4 5.4)

LOAD ADDRESS
- Command L

(

(3.4.1) (3.4.2) (3.4.3) (344) (449)

LOCAL

‘A keyswitch position that allows operator access to both console and program 1/ O states.
(2.2.3) (2.2.5) (3.2.2) (3.3.1) (4.3.2)

LOCAL CONTROL

(

Controlled by bit 1 <002> of the console control register. Used by the DDC to enable the site

system terminal to operate in parallel with the DDC terminal while the site operator re-creates a

system malfunction.

(4.3.2)
LOCAL COPY

Controlled by bit 0 <001> of the console control register. Used by the DDC to prov1de the site
operator with an audit trail of remote diagnostic activity.
(4.3.2)
LOCAL DISABLE

- A keyswitch position, equivalent to traditional panel lock operator has no access to CPU; terminalis dedicated to program I/0O.

(2.2.2) (2.6) (3.3.2) (4.3.2) (4.3.5)

G-8

(Read Memory Data Display Reglster Command)

(44.4)
M8255

The KY11-R microprocessor module‘
(1.3) (4.6) (4.6.2)

M9301 BOOTSTRAP

(B.1)
‘M9312 BOOTSTRAP

(B.3)
MEMORY DATA DISPLAY (MULTIPLEXER)

CPU logic that can be set to any one of four display modes by the operator and provide a readout of memory data in response to the command M.

(4.3.2) (4.3.4) (4.3.8) (4.4.2) (4.4.3) (4.4.4) (4.5.1) (4.5.2)

MEMORY REFERENCE ERROR

If for any reason a memory reference cannot be successfully completed, the electronic console

displays a ?ER /T14411 message. (The CPU state portlon of the message reflects current status.)
(A.1.3)
MICROCODE

Electronic console firmware; the ROM- or PROM-stored program that determines command
syntax, remote protocol, and operating characteristics; this manual documents Microcode Ver-

sions VO1 and VO2.
(1.3) (2.5) (2.6) (2.9) (3.2.2.1) (3.3.1) (3.4.4) (4.3.1) (4.3.4) 4.3.7) (438) (4.3.9) (4.3.10) (4.3.11)
(4.4.5) (4.4.11) (4.5.2) (4.5.5) (Appendix E)
MICROPROCESSOR
A preprocessor; the M8255 microprocessor module.

(L.1) (1.3)
MODEM

A device that modulates and demodulates serial data transmitted and received over telephone

lines; must be connected to the telephone line by approved DAA logic which may be integral to,
or external to, the modem.
(1.2) (2.8) (5.3)

"MR11-DB BOOTSTRAP
(B.2)
MULTIPLE FUNCTION COMMAND

(See CPU Control-Multiple Function Command.)

G-9

(Execute Next Instruction Command)
(4.4.19)

An optional numerical data argument; if it is not entered where 1nd1cated ‘a predetermined or

current default condition will be asserted (for example, a current multiplexer position will be
retained).
(Table 4-1) (Table 4-3) (Table 4-4)
n

A numerical data argument, requlred as part of a command a syntax error message will be

printed if it 1s not present.

(Table 4-1) (Table 4-3)
<NL>

New Line; system generated in response to commands G, C and P, it is the equivalent of a
carriage return followed by a line feed. As a result, any subsequent printout begms at the left
margin on a new line; a command <CR> may be used at any time to generate a new line.
|
(3.4.1) (4.5.3)

NEXT INSTRUCTION

Command N causes the next mstructlon to be executed. If the CPU is in single bus cycle mode,
command N causes the next bus cycle to be executed; an optlonal octal digit preflx to command

N sets the address display multiplexer.
(4.3.2) (4.4. 19)

OCTAL DATA DISPLAY

The electronic console normally displays datain octal format Mlcrocode Version V02 prov1des

hexadecimal format also.

(3.4.1) (3.4.2) (4.3.4) (4.3.8) (4.3.9)
|

OFF

A keyswitch position; the keysw1tch1S usually wired to provide the system master on-off function.
(2. 2 1)
OPERATING STATES

Console state, program I/O state, and talk state; electronic console operatlon can always be
defined as beingin one of these mutually exclusive states.

(3.3)

'OPERATOR’S REFERENCE SUMMARY
A compilation of system-specific operating procedure details which can be posted at the site for
an operator’s use when an electronic console has been installed.
(2.3) (3.2) (3.2.1) (3.2.2) (3.2.3) (4.4.5) (Appendix F)

G-10

OPTIONAL VALUE
-

An octal data argument, typed before the argument separator in a command strmg, that sets the
switch register to that value.

4.2.1)
P

(Contmue Program Instruction Execution [Proceed] Command)
(4.4.15)

<CTRL/P> (Select Console State Command)

4.3.4)
PANEL LOCK

Associated with tradrtlonal CPU front panel; electromc console equrvalentis LOCAL DISABLE;
operator has no access to CPU; terminalis dedicated to program /0.

(2.2.2) (2.6)
POWER DOWN

To remove system power by turnmg keySW1tch to the OFF pos1tlon

(See Power Failure.)

- POWER-FAIL RESTART SWITCH (RUN 1-HALT-RUN 0)

~Located on electronic console front panel; asserts halt or sets switch reglster to all ones or all
zeros as required by the operating system when power comes back up after a power failure.

(23)(32)(322)(325)

POWER FAILURE

Loss of system power, usually unexpected; the electrome console provrdes for sw1tch regrster

setting for power going down.
(3.2) (4.3.2) (4.4.10) (5.1) (Appendix F)
POWER INDICATOR

~ Located on the electronic console front panel; turned on whenever system power 1S on; may be

“blinking to indicate that CPUis in a halted state.

(2.5) (2.6) (3.2.2)
POWER UP

‘

- To apply power to the system by turning the keyswrteh from the OFF posrtron also after a power

failure, a power-fail restart.
(221)(223)(23)(2 10)(32)(432)(433)(438)(439)(441)
- PROCEED

- Command P; causes program instruction execution to contmue In program [/O0 state
(44.15)

PROGRAM EXERCISE (Famrharlzatlon)

(3.4. 4)

G-11

PROGRAM 1/0 STATE

)

(

Entered from console state by typing command Z; allows use of system termlnal for program

1/0.
-

(Read Switch Register Contents Command)

(445

»
|

<CTRL/R> (Read or Change Console Control Reg1ster Command)
(4.3.2)
REGISTER ADDRESS

Set by command $; causes masking of leading zeros with ones, makmg it easier for the operator to
access a register or

(3.4.3) (4.3.7)

/O page area.

REMOTE

A keyswitch position; allows DDC complete access to both electronic console and CPU. Program
I/0, console, and talk states are accessible under DDC control.
(2.2.5) (2.7) (2.9) (3.3.1)

REMOTE DIAGNOSIS

A maintenance procedure by which a customer’s computer is connected, by telephone line, toa

DIGITAL host computer for automated fault analysis or preventive maintenance testing.

(1.1)

(

REMOTE DIAGNOSIS PACKAGE

A reel of magnetic tape, resident at the customer site, that contains system d1agnost1cs for use by
the DDC in remote diagnosis testing.
(1.1) (5.3)

REMOTE DISABLE

A keyswitch position; limits DDC’s access to customer system to that of a logged-in user; only
program I/O state is accessible.
(2.2.4) (2.6) (2.7) (2.9) (3.3.2) (4.3.9)
REMOTE INDICATOR

Located on the electronic console front panel; the word REMOTEis lighted whenever the keyswitch i1s in REMOTE or REMOTE DISABLE.
(2.7)

REMOTE SERIAL INTERFACE

The data communications logic through which the electronic console and its associated CPU may
be connected to the DDC host computer over a telephone line.
(2.2.3) (2.2.4) (2.2.5) (2.7) (2.8) (3.3.1) (3.3.3) (4.3.4) (4.3.6)

G-12

RESPONSE

The data printed or the action accomplished by the system in response to an issued command.

(4.2)
R PROMPT

(See Switch Register Prompt.)
RUNI

(See Power-Fail Restart Switch.)
RUNO

(See Power-Fail Restart Switch.)
RUN ERROR

If an attempt is made to issue certain commands when the processor is running, the electronic
console generates a run error message, 7JRUN ER.
(A.1.2)
S

(Start Program Instruction Execution Command)
(4.4.16)

SELF-TEST

A diagnostic exercise performed 1nternally by the electronic console to verify its correct operation.

(2.10) (3.2) (3.2.2) (3.2.3) (4.3.3) (5.5) (A.2.4)
SERIAL LINE ERROR

|
The symbol + is printed on the system terminal whenever the electromc Console receives garbled

code through the serial line interface.
(A.1.5)

SERVICE RESPONSE GROUP

A remote service group, within the DDC, to which all customer hardware maintenance problems

are reported for either DDC analysis or local branch office service, or both.
(1.4) (2.10) (3.2.2.1) (5.2) (5.3)

SINGLE BUS CYCLE
CPU logic that can be set (command J) and cleared (command K) to permit single-stepping a

- program for maintenance or debugging purposes.
(4.4.17) (4.4.18)
SPECIAL MODE

Controlled by bit 4 <010> of the console control register; permits the use of commands (for
troubleshooting)in a manner not normally acceptable to the electronic console

(432)(448)(449)(4412)(4415)

G-13

SPECIFICATIONS

This manual includes electronic console environmental specifications (temperature humldrty,
etc.)

(

(D.1)
SRG

(See Service Response Group.)

START PROGRAM INSTRUCTION EXECUTION
Command S

(4.4.16)

SWITCH REGISTER
A CPU location; also an electronic console register; ‘command W wr1tes a settmg into the switch
register; command R causes its contents to be displayed.

(2.3) (3.2) (3.2.3) (3.2.4) (3.4.4) (4.2.2) (4.4.5) (4.4.10)

SWITCH REGISTER PROMPT

The automatic display of switch register contents following certain commands, as a reminder to
the operator that the operating system may requ1re a different settmg for a power going-down

condition.

(3.4.4) (4.3.2) (4.4.5) (4.4.11)
SYNTAX

- The way arguments and command characters are struetured to form electronic console com-

< -

mands and command strings. The electronic console generates syntax errors when commands are

)

“improperly formatted, or when an attempt is made to mix basic and multiple function commands.
(4.3.2) (A.l.l)
SYSTEM TERMINAL

The keyboard and printer or video display the operator uses to eommumeate with the CPU.
(1 1)(222)(223)(224)(225)(26)(322)(332)(333)(432)(435)(436)(461)

(Read CPU Status Command)
(4.4.6)

TALK ECHO

Controlled by bit 2 <004> of the console control register; suppresses charaeter eeho when the
host computer sends messages to the site system terminal.
(4.3.2)

TALK STATE

Entered by typing <CTRL/L>; permits the site operator and remote DDC operator to commu-

nicate with each other at their respective terminals.
(2.2.3) (2.2.5) (3.3.3) (4.3.2) (4.3.6)

.
G-14

TEMPORARY INPUT REGISTER

A 22-bit register within the electronic console in which all typed characters are stored before

being transferred to the CPU.
(4.2.2) (4.3.7) (4.3.10) (4.3.11) (4.4.8) (4.4.9) (4.4.10) (4.4.12) (4.4. 16)
TEST INDICATOR

Located on the electronic eonsole front panel the Word TEST1S llghted whenever the DDC is
performing diagnostic testing; the DDC may or may not be connected to the system while testing
IS In progress.

(2.9) (5.3)
TOLL-FREE TELEPHONE NUMBER
An 800 number or other telephone serv1ce by which charges for customer calls to the DDC are

billed to DIGITAL.

(1.4)

TRADITIONAL FRONT PANEL

The PDP-11/70 CPU console panel with switch register, control switches, and indicators which is
replaced by the electronic console front panel.

(1.1) (2.2.3) (3.2) (3.3.1) (4.3.4) (4.4)

TRANSMITTER STATUS REGISTER
Logic within the electromc console DL11-A equivalent serial line unit.

(4.6.1)

TWENTY-SECOND TIMER

Monitors terminal keyboard inactivity to force program 1/0 state if a running program requires
‘the terminal for output.
(3.3.1) (3.4.4, step 10) (4.3.4)

(Read UNIBUS Status Command)
(4.4.7)

<CTRL/U> (Delete All Characters of Current Type In Command)
(4 3.10)

UNIBUS STATUS
Command U

(4.4.7)
\Y
VvV

(Verify Electronic Console Logic [Self-Test] Command)
(4.3.3)

G-15

V000377
-

The system-generated message that indicates a successful electronic console self-test.
(3.2.2) (4.3.3) (A.2.4)

VERIFY CONSOLE LOGIC

Provided by command V; initiates an electronic console self-test.
(2.10) (4.3.3)
A%

(Write Switch Register Contents Command)
(4.4.10)

WORD LOCATION

Command / opens a 16-bit word- location; command <LF>, <CR> or @ closes a word location.
(3.4.1) (3.4.2) (4.3.7) (4.3.8) (4.5.1) (4.5.3) (4.5.4)

G-16

(

KY11-R FAMILY
OF ELECTRONIC CONSOLES
USER GUIDE

EK-KY11R-UG-003

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