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EK-YT240-HR-001

September 1983

62 pages

Original

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Document:	EK VT240-HR-001 VT240 Series Programmer Pocket Guide
Order Number:	EK-YT240-HR
Revision:	001
Pages:	62
Original Filename:	http://bitsavers.org/pdf/dec/terminal/vt240/EK_VT240-HR-001_VT240_Series_Programmer_Pocket_Guide_Sep83.pdf

OCR Text

VT 240series
Programmer Pocket Guide

EK-VT240-HR-001

VT 240
Programmer Pocket Guide

Digital Equipment Corporation

Series

1st Edition, September 1983

Copyright © 1983 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
All Rights Reserved.
Printed in U.S.A.
The reproduction of this material, in part or whole, is strictly
prohibited. For copy information, contact the Educational
Services Department, Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard,
Massachusetts 01754.
The information in this document is subject to change
without notice. Digital Equipment Corporation assumes
no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this
document.
The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment
Corporation, Maynard, Massachusetts.

mD~DDmD
DEC
DECmate
DECnet
DECUS
DECwriter
DIGITAL

LA
MASSBUS
PDP
P/OS
Professional
Rainbow

RSTS
RSX
UNIBUS
VAX
VMS
VT
Wor k Processor

CONTENTS
Character Encoding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
7-Bit Code..................................... 2
7-Bit ASCII Code Table........................ 2
8-Bit Code ..................................... 3
8-Bit Code Table............................... 3
DEC Multinational CharacterSet(CO and GL) .... 4
DEC Multinational CharacterSet(C1 and GR).... 5
UK National Character Set .................... 6
DEC Special Graphics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 7
Display Controls Font. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Escape Sequences ............................ 10
Control Seqences ............................. , 10
Device Control Strings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10
Transmitted Codes ....................................... 10
Main Keypad Function Keys ................... 10
Editing Keys ................................... 11
Cursor Control Keys ........................... 11
Auxiliary Keypad Keys ......................... 12
Top Row Function Keys ....................... 13
Keys Used to Generate 7-Bit Control
Characters ..................................... 14
Received Codes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1 5
Compatibility Level (DECSCL) ................. 15
CO (ASCII) Control Character Recognized ..... 15
C1 Control Characters Recognized ............ 17
Character Set Selection (SCS) .... . . . . . . . . . . . .. 18
Designating "Hard" Character Sets ........ 18
DeSignating "Soff' Character Sets ......... 19
Invoking Character Sets Using Lock
Shifts ....................................... 19
Invoking Character Sets Using Single
Shifts ....................................... 20
Select C1 Control Transmission ............... 20
Terminal Modes .....•.......................... 21
Cursor Positioning ............................. 22
Tab Stops. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 24
Select Graphic Rendition (SGR) ............... 24
Select Character Attributes (DECSCA) ......... 25
Line Attributes ................................. 25
Editing ......................................... 26
Erasing ........................................ 26
Set Top and Bottom Margins (DECSTBM) ..... 27
Printing ........................................ 28

iii

iv ____________________________________________

User Defined Keys (DECUDK) ................. 29
Down-Line Loading Characters (DRCS) ........ 30
DECDLD Parameter Characters ............ 30
Clearing a Down-Line Loaded Character
Set ......................................... 31
Reports ........................................ 32
Device Attributes (DA) ...................... 32
Device Status Report (DSR) ................ 33
DSR - Printer Port .......................... 33
DSR - User Defined Keys
(VT200 mode only) ......................... 34
Identification (DECID) .......................... 34
ReGIS Graphics Protocol Controls Mode ...... 34
Terminal Reset ................................ 35
Tests (DECTSl) ................................ 35
Adjustments (DECALN) ........................ 35
VT52 Escape Sequences ...................... 36
ReGIS .................................................... 37
ReGIS Command Summary .................... 37
ReGIS Power On/Reset Default Values
Summary ...................................... 38
Screen Control Command Summary ........... 40
Position Command Summary .................. 42
Write Control Command Summary ............. 42
Vector Commands Summary ................... 44
Curve Commands Summary ................... 45
Text Command Summary ...................... 46
Load Command Summary ..................... 49
Macrograph Summary ......................... 49
Report Command Summary ................... 50
Report Command Error Condition
Option Responses ............................. 50
4010/4014 ............................................... 51
Entering/Exiting 4010/4014 Mode ............ 51
Alpha Mode Summary ......................... 51
Graph and Point Plot Mode Summary ......... 52
Incremental Plot Mode ........................ 55
Gin Mode ........................... , .......... 56
Bypass Condition .............................. 56

This Pocket Guide provides a summary of the information
contained in the VT240 Programmer's Reference Manual
EK-VT240-RM which can be ordered from DIGITAL It is
provided for use by people with a knowledge of computer
programming to access the VT240 features.

2 ______________________________________

CHARACTER ENCODING
7·Bit Code
BIT
7

BIT
6

BIT
5

BIT
4

BIT
3

BIT
2

BIT

4 LEAST
SIGNIFICANT BITS

3 MOST
SIGNIFICANT BITS

(DECIMAL VALUE

(DECIMAL VALUE IS
COLUMN IN

IS ROW IN
CODE TABLE)

CODE TABLE)

7·Bit ASCII Code Table
1

COLUMN

BITS

" "'

"'W

04b3b2bT

0000

"
w
" DLE "'"
SOH : R£1 "
,
STX ,
, DC2 ""
"
ETX ,
, R5~ "
0

NUL

"
"
"
"
""

"
" "" 2
2
"
" 3
#
3
"
" 0
EOT
0
, DCO '" $
"
"
"
END , NAK "
5
" % """ 5 ""
"
6
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BEL
" 7 ""'
ETB
7
"
"
"
BS
CAN
8
"" ( '" 8
)
HT
", 9 ""
EM "
9
"
LF
"
SUB "
, "
10
,
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VT
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+
11
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12
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CR
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n
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HEX

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__________________________________________ 3

a-Bit Code
BIT

BIT

87654321

4 MOST
SIGNIFICANT BITS

4 LEAST
SIGNIFICANT BITS

(DECIMAL VALUE IS
COLUMN IN
CODE TABLE)

(DECIMAL VALUE
IS ROW IN
CODE TABLE)

a-Bit Code Table

DCS

ff!

"OW

00
01
02
03

O.
05

SVN

CAN

09
10

11
12

ase

II/

I CO CODES~ I

,---4'+1"c~,c~o~oE"'s-fI~--GR CODES------l
7-BIT CODE T A B L E - - - - - l

4 ______________________________________

DEC Multinational Character Set (CO and GL Codes)
0

COLUMN

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BITS

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f----COCODES---+-------,(A~tr8~~~~ICS)'---------I

KEY
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;

DECIMAL

HEX

______________________________________ 5

DEC Multinational Character Set (Cl and GR Codes)

I---Cl C O D E S - - + - - - - (DEC

supp~~~~~i~ GRAPHICS)'-------i

6 ____________________________________
UK National Character Set

, . ., .. .. , , ., , , , , , , , , , ., , ., , . , , , , , , ,
,
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______________________________________ 7
DEC Special Graphics

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8 ______________________________________
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__________________________________________ 9

Display Controls Font (Cont)
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--0

10 _____________________________________

Escape Sequences
An escape sequence is a sequence of one or more ASCII
graphic characters preceded by the CO character ESC. For
example,
ESC

is an escape sequence that causes the current line of text to
have double-width characters. Escape sequences use only7-bit
characters, and can be used in 7-bit or 8-bit environments.
Control Sequences
A control sequence is a sequence of one or more ASCII graphic
characters preceded by CSI (9/11). CSI can also be expressed
as the 7 -bit code extension ESC [. So you can express all control
sequences as escape sequences whose second character
code is [. For example, the following two sequences are
equivalent sequences that perform the same function (they
cause the display to use 132 columns per line rather than 80).
CSI

? 3

ESC

Whenever possible, use CSI instead of ESC [ to introduce a
control sequence. CSI can be used only in an8-bit environment.
Device Control Strings
Adevice control string is a delimited string of characters used in
a data stream asa logical entity for control purposes. It consists
of an opening delimiter DCS, a command string (data), and a
closing delimiter ST.
DCS is an 8-bit control character that can also be expressed as
ESC P when coding for a 7-bit environment.
ST is an 8-bit control character that can also be expressed as
ESC / when coding for a 7-bit environment.

TRANSMITTED CODES
Main Keypad Function Keys
Key

Code Transmitted

<KJ

DEL character.

TAB

HT character

RETURN

CR character only or a CR character and
an LF character, depending on the
set/reset state of Linefeed/New Line
mode (LNM).

_______________________________________ 11

Main Keypad Function Keys (Cont)
Key

Code Transmitted

CTRL

Does not transmit a code.

LOCK

Does not transmit a code.

SHIFT
(2 keys)

Does not transmit a code.

SPACE BAR

SP character.

COMPOSE
CHARACTER

Does not transmit a code.

Editing Keys

Key

Code Generated
VT200 Mode

VT100, VT52,
4010/4014 Modes

FIND

CSI 1

None

INSERT HERE

CSI 2

None

REMOVE

CSI 3

None

SELECT

CSI 4

None

PREV SCREEN

CSI 5

None

NEXT SCREEN*

CSI 6

None

In 4010/4014 mode, NEXT SCREEN is used as a "CLEAR
SCREEN" key.

Cursor Control Keys

Key

ANSI Mode'
Cursor Key Mode
Reset
Set
Application
Normal

VT52 Mode'

Normal

Application

CSI A

SS3 A

ESC A

CSI B

SS3 B

ESC B

CSI C

SS3 C

ESC C

CSI D

SS3 D

ESC D

ANSI mode applies to VT200 and VT100 modes. VT52 mode
is ANSI-incompatible mode.

12
Auxiliary Keypad Keys
VT100/VT200
ANSI Mode"

VT52 Mode"

Key

Keypad
Numeric
Mode

Keypad
Application
Mode

Keypad
Numeric
Mode

Keypad
Application
Mode

SS3 p

SS3 q

ESC? p

SS3 r

ESC? r

SS3 s

ESC? s

SS3 t

ESC? t
ESC? u

ESC? q

SS3 u

SS3 v

ESC? v

SS3 w

ESC?w

SS3 x

ESC? x

SS3 y

ESC? y

-(minus)

SS3 m

,(comma)

SS31

ESC? It

.(period)

SS3 n

ESC? n

ESC? m

Enter CR
or
CR LF

SS3 M

PF1

SS3 P

ESC P

PF2

SS3 Q

ESCQ

PF3

SS3 R

ESC R

PF4

SS3 S

ESC S

ESC St

ESC? M=!:

or
CR LF

ANSI mode applies to VT200 and VT100 modes. VT52 mode
is an ANSI-incompatible mode.

You cannot generate these sequences on a VT52 terminal.

=!:

Keypad Numeric Mode. ENTER generates the same codes
as RETURN. You can change the code generated by
RETURN with the Linefeed/New Line Mode. When reset,
the Linefeed/New Line Mode causes RETURN to generate
a single control character(CR). When set, the mode causes
RETURN to generate two control characters (CR, LF).

Top Row Function Keys
Code Generated
Name on
Legend Strip

Generic VT200
Name
Mode

HOLD SCREEN

(F1)*

VT100,
VT52
Modes

PRINT SCREEN

(F2)*

SET-UP

(F3)*

DATNTALK

(F4)*

BREAK

(F5)*

CSI

CSI 2 0

F10

CSI 2 1

F11 (ESC)

F11

F12 (BS)

F12

CSI 2 3
CSI 2 4

F13 (LF)

F13

F14

HELP

(F15)

~
~

CSI 2 5
CSI 2 6

(F16)

CSI 2 8
CSI 2 9

F17

CSI 3 1

F18

CSI3 2

F19

CSI 3 3

F20

CSI 3 4

ESC
BS
LF

F1 through F5 are local function keys and do not generate
codes.

14
Keys Used to Generate 7-Bit Control Characters
Control
Character
Mnemonic

Key Pressed
With CTRL
(All Modes)

NUL
SOH
STX
ETX
EOT
ENQ
ACK
BEL
BS
HT
LF
VT
FF
CR
SO
SI
DLE
DCl
DC2
DC3
DC4
NAK
SYN
ETB
CAN
EM
SUB
ESC
FS
GS
RS
US
DEL

2, space
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
0

Dedicated
Function Key

F12 (BS)*
TAB
F13 (LF)*

RETURN

P
Qt
R
St
T
U
V

W
X
Y
Z
3, [
4, /

Fll (ESC)*

5,1
6,7,?
8

DELETE

Keys Fll, F12, and F13 generate these 7-bit control characters only when the terminal is operated in VT100 mode,
VT52 mode or 401 0/4014 mode.

These keystrokes are enabled only if XOFF support is
disabled. If XOFF support is enabled, then CTRL-S is a" hold
screen" local function and CTRL-Q is an "un hold screen"
local function.

_________________________________________ 15

RECEIVED CODES
Compatibility Level (DECSCL)
Sequence

Action

CSI6 1 " P

Set terminal for level 1
(VT100 mode).

CSI 6 2 " P

Set terminal for level 2
(VT200 mode, 8-bit controls).

CSI 6 2

o"p

Set terminal for level 2
(VT200 mode, 8-bit controls).

CSI6 2

1 " P

Set terminal for level 2
(VT200 mode, 7-bit controls).

CSI6 2

2 " p

Set term inal for level 2
(VT200 mode, 8-bit controls).

co (ASCII) Control Characters Recognized
Mnemonic

Name

Action

NUL

Null

Ignored when received.

ENQ

Enquiry

Answerback message is
generated.

BEL

Bell

Generates bell tone if bell is
enabled.

Backspace

Moves cursor to the left one
character position: if cursor is
at left margin, no action occurs.

Horizontal
tabulation

Moves cursor to next tab stop,
or to right margin if there are
no more tab stops. Does not
cause autowrap.

Linefeed

Causes a linefeed or a new line
operation, depending on the
setting of new line mode.

Vertical
tabulation

Processed as LF.

Form feed

Processed as LF.

Carriage
return

Moves cursor to left margin on
current line.

Shift out
(lock shift
G1)

Invokes G1 character set into
GL G1 is designated by a
select-character-set (SCS)
sequence.

(LS1)

16
CO (ASCII) Control Characters Recognized (Cont)
Mnemonic

Name

Action

81
(LSO)

Shift in
(lock shift

Invoke GO character set into
GL. GO is designated by a

GO)

select-character-set (SCS)
sequence.

DC1

Device
control 1

Also referred to as XON. If
XOFF support is enabled, DC1
clears DC3 (XOFF), causing
the terminal to continue transmitting characters (keyboard
unlocks) unless KAM mode is
cu rrently set.

DC3

Device
control 3

Also referred to as XOFF. If
XOFF support is enabled, DC3
causes the terminal to stop
transmitting characters until a
DC1 control character is
received.

CAN

Cancel

If received during an escape or
control sequence, terminates
and cancels the sequence. No
error character is displayed. If
received during a device
control string, the DCS is terminated and no errorcharacter
is displayed.

SUB

Substitute

If received during escape or
control sequence, terminates
and cancels the sequence.
Causes a reverse question
mark to be displayed. If received during a device control
sequence, the D8C is terminated and reverse question
mark is displayed.

ESC

Escape

Processed as escape sequence
introducer. Terminates any
escape, control or device
control sequence which is in
progress.

DEL

Delete

Ignored when received.
Note: May not be used as a
time fill character.

17
C1 Control Characters Recognized

Control
Character

Equivalent
7-Bit Code
Extension

Name

Action

IND

ESC D

Index

Moves cursor down
one line in same
column. If cursor is
at bottom margin,
screen performs a
scroll up.

NEL

ESC E

Next line

Moves cursor to first
position on next line.
If cu rsor is at bottom
margin, screen performs a scroll up.

HTS

ESC H

Horizontal
tab set

Sets one horizontal
zontal tab stop at
the column where
the cursor is.

ESC M

Reverse
index

Moves cursor up
one line in same
column. If cursor
is at top margin,
screen performs a
scroll down.

SS2

ESC N

Single
shift G2

Temporarily invokes
G2 character set
into GL for the next
graphic character.
G2 is designated by
a select-characterset (SeS) sequence.

SS3

ESC 0

Single
shift G3

Temporarily invokes
G3 character set
into GL for the next
graphic character.
G3 is designated by
a select-characterset(SeS) sequence.

DeS

ESC P

Device
control
string

Processed as
opening delimiter
of a device control
string for device
control use.

18 _____________________________________

C1 Control Characters Recognized (Cont)

Control
Character

Equivalent
7·Blt Code
Extension

CSI

Name

Action

ESC!

Control
sequence
introducer

Processed as
control sequence
introducer.

ESC \

String
terminator

Processed as
closing delimiter of
a string opened by
DCS.

CHARACTER SET SELECTION (SCS)
Designating "Hard" Character Sets

Character Set

Escape
Sequence

ASCII

ESC

G2
(VT200 mode only)

ESC

+ B

G3
(VT200 mode only)

DEC Supplemental
(VT200 mode only)

ESC
ESC
ESC
ESC

<
<
* <
+ <

GO
G1
G2
G3

UK National
(VT100 mode only)

ESC
ESC

(
)

A
A

GO
G1

DEC Special
Graphics

ESC
ESC

(
)

0
0

GO
G1

ESC

G2
(VT200 mode only)

ESC

+ 0

G3
(VT200 mode only)

Designate as:
GO
(default)

_____________________________________ 19

Designating "Soft" (Down-Line Loadable) Character Sets
Escape Sequence

Designate As:

ESC

Dscs

ESC

Dscs

GO
G1

ESC

Dscs

ESC

+ Dscs

Dscs can consist of zero, one, or two intermediate characters
and a final character.
Intermediate characters are in the range of 2/0 to 2/15; Final
characters are in the range of 3/0 to 7/14 (see ASCII Code
Table for column/row notation).

Invoking Character Sets Using Lock Shifts
Control Name

Coding

Function

LSD - lock shift GO

Invoke GO into GL.
(default)

LS1 - lock shift G1

Invoke G1 into GL.

LS1 R - lock shift G1,
right

ESC

Invoke G1 into GR.
VT200 mode only.

LS2 - lock shift G2

ESC n

Invoke G2 into GL.
VT200 mode only.

LS2R - lock shift G2,
right

ESC

Invoke G2 into GR.
(default)
VT200 mode only.

LS3 - lock shift G3

ESC 0

Invoke G3 into GL.
VT200 mode only.

LS3R - lock shift G3,
right

ESC

Invoke G3 into GR.
VT200 mode only.

20 ____________________________________

Invoking Character Sets Using Single Shifts
Control Name

Coding

Function

SS2 - single shift G2

SS2
ESC N

Invokes G2 into GL
for the next graphic
character

SS3 - single shift G3

SS3
ESC 0

Invokes G3 into GL
for the next graphic
character

Select C1 Control Transmission
Control
Name
7-bit C1
control
transmission
(S7C1n

Sequence*

Action

ESC sp F

Causes all C1 codes
returned to the application
to be converted to their
equivalent 7-bit code
extensions.

NOTE
The S7C1 T sequence is ignored when the terminal is In VT100 or VT52 mode.
B-bit C1
control
transmission
(SBC1n

ESC sp G

sp is a space character

Causes the terminal to
return C1 codes to the
application without converting them to their equivalent 7 -bit code extensions.

______________________________________ 21

Terminal Modes
Name

Mnemonic

Set Mode

Reset Mode*

Keyboard
Actiont

KAM

Locked
CSI2 h

Unlocked
CSI2 I

Insertionreplacement

IRM

Insert
CSI4 h

Replace
CSI4 I

Sendreceive

SRM

Off
CSI 12 h

On
CSI 12 I

Line feednew line

LNM

New line
CSI 20 h

Line feed
CSI 20 I

Cursor key

DECCKM

Application
CSI? 1 h

Cursor
CSI ? 1 I

ANSI/VT52

DECANM

N/A
CSI? 2 I

VT52

Column

DECCOLM

132 column
CSI ? 3 h

80 column
CSI? 3 I

Scrollingt

DECSCLM

Smooth
CSI ? 4 h

Jump
CSI ? 4

Screent

DECSCNM

Reverse
CSI ? 5 h

Normal
CSI? 5

Origin

DECOM

Origin
CSI ? 6 h

Absolute
CSI? 6 I

Auto wrap

DECAWM

On
CSI ? 7 h

Off
CSI? 7

Auto
repeatt

DECARM

On
CSI ? 8 h

Off
CSI? 8

Print form
feed

DECPFF

On
CSI ? 18 h

Off
CSI ? 18 I

Print extent

DECPEX

Full screen
CSI ? 19 h

Scrolling region
CSI ? 19 I

Text cursor
enable

DECTCEM

On
CSI ? 25 h

Off
CSI ? 25

Keypad

DECKPAM
DECKPNM

Application
ESC =

Numeric
ESC>

Tektronix
4010/4014

DECTEK

On
CSI ? 38 h

Off
CSI? 38

The last character of each sequence is lowercase L (6/12)

User Preference feature

22
Cursor Positioning

Name

Control
Character

Sequence

Action

Cursor up
(CUU)

CSI Pn A

Moves cursor up
Pn lines in the
same column.

Cursor
down
(CUD)

CSI Pn B

Moves cursor
down Pn lines in
the same column.

Cursor
forward
(CUF)

CSI Pn C

Moves cursor
right Pn columns.

Cursor
backward
(CUB)

CSI Pn 0

Moves cursor left
Pn columns.

Cursor
position
(CUP)

CSI PI

Pc H Moves cursor to
line PI, column Pc.
The numbering of
the lines and columns depends on
the state (set! reset)
of origin mode
(DECOM).

Horizontal
and vertical
position
(HVP)

CSI PI

Pc f Moves cursor to
line PI, column Pc.
The numbering of
the lines and columns depends on
the state(set/reset)
of origin mode
(DECOM). Digital
recommends using
CUP instead of
HVP.

Index
(lND)

IND

ESC 0

Moves cursor
down one line in
the same column If
the cursor is at the
bottom margin the
screen performs a
scroll-up.

Reverse
index (RI)

ESC M

Moves cursor up
one line in the
same column Ifthe
cursor is at the top
margin the screen
performs a scrolldown

_____________________________________ 23

Cursor Positioning (Cont)

Name
Next line
(NEL)

Save
cursor
(DECSC)

Control
Character

Sequence

Action

NEL

ESC E

Moves the cursor
to the first position
on the next line. If
the cursor is at the
bottom margin the
screen performs a
scroll-up.

ESC 7

Saves in terminal
memory the:
• cursor position
• graphic rendition
• character set
shift state
• state of wrap flag
• state of origin
mode
• state of selective
erase

Restore
cursor
(DECRC)

ESC 8

Restores the states
described for
(D ECSC) above. If
none of these characteristics were
saved: the cursor
moves to home
position, origin
mode is reset, no
character attributes
are assigned, and
the default character set mapping
is established.

24 __________________~------------------Tab Stops
NOTE:
These sequences are affected by the User
Preference Lock in Set-up_

Name
Horizontal
tab set
(HTS)

Control
Character

Sequence

Action

HTS

ESC H

Sets a tab stop
at the current
column.

CSI g

Clears a horizontal tab stop at
cu rsor position.

CSIO g

Clearsa horizontal tab stop at
cursor position.

CSI3 g

Clears all horizontal tab stops.

Tabulation
clear
(TBC)

Select Graphic Rendition (SGR)
You can select one or more character renditions at a time using
the following format:
CSI Ps ; ... Ps m
When you use multiple parameters, they are executed in
sequence. The effects are cumulative. For example, to change
from increased intensity to blinking-underlined, you can use:
CSI 0 ; 4 ; 5 m
When you select a single parameter, no delimiter(3/11) is used.

Action

All attributes off
Display bold

Display underscored

Display blinking
Display negative (reverse) image

Display normal intensity

Display not underlined

Display not blinking

Display positive image

_______________________________________ 25

Select Character Attributes (DECSCA)
You can select all subsequent characters to be "selective
erasable" or" not selective erasable" (see section on ERASI NG)
using the following format:
NOTE:
This sequence is supported only in VT200 mode.
CSI Ps " q
where:

Action

All attributes off (does not apply to SGR)
Designate character as "non-erasable" by
DECSELJDECSED (attribute on).

Designate character as "erasable" by
DECSELJDECSED (attribute off).

Line Attributes
Name

Double Height Line
(DECDHL)

Sequence
Top half

Bottom Half

ESC#3

ESC#4

The same character must be used on
both lines to form fu II character. If the
line was previously single-width,
single-height, all characters to the
right of center are lost.
Single-Width Line
(DECSWL)

ESC # 5

Double-Width Line
(DECDWL)

ESC # 6

26 _________________________________________

Editing
Name

Sequence

Action

Insert line (IL)

CSI Pn L

Inserts Pn lines atthe cursor.

Delete line (DL)

CSI Pn M

Deletes Pn lines starting at
the line with the cursor.

Insert
characters
(ICH)
(VT200 mode
only)

CSI Pn @

Insert Pn blank characters
at the cursor
position, with the character
attributes set to normal.

Delete
character (DCH)

CSI Pn P

Deletes Pn characters
starting with the character
at the cursor position.

Name

Sequence

Action

Erase character
(ECH)
(VT200 mode
only)

CSI Pn X

Erases characters at the
cursor position and the
next n-1 character.

Erase in line
(EL)

CSI K

Erases from the cursor to
the end of the line, including the cursor position.

CSI 0 K

Same as above.

CSI 1 K

Erases from the beginning
of the line to the cursor,
including the cursor position.

CSI 2 K

Erases the complete line.

CSI J

Erases from the cursor the
end of the screen, including the cursor position.

CSIO J

Same as above.

CSI 1 J

Erases from the beginning
of the screen to the cursor,
including the cursor position.

CSI 2 J

Erases the complete display.

Erasing

Erase in display
(ED)

_______________________________________ 27
Erasing (Cont)
Name

Sequence

Action

Selective erase
in line
(DECSEL)
(VT200 mode
only)

CSI? K

Erases all "erasable" characters (DECSCA) from the
cursor to the end olthe line.

Selective erase
in display
(DECSED)
(VT200 mode
only)

CSI ? 0 K

Same as above.

CSI?

Erases all "erasable" characters (DECSCA) from the
beginning of the line to and
including the cursor position.

CSI ? 2 K

Erases all "erasable" characters(DECSCA) on the line.

CSI ? J

Erases all "erasable" char
acters (DECSCA) from and
including the cursor end of
the screen.

CSI ? 0 J

Same as above.

Erases all "erasable" characters (DECSCA) from the
beginning of the screen to
and including the cursor.

CSI ? 2 J

Erases all "erasable" characters (DECSCA) in the
entire display.

CSI?

Set Top and Bottom Margins (DECSTBM)
CSI Pt ; Pb r
Selects top and bottom margins defining the scrolling region. PI
is the line numberof the first line in the scrolling region. Pb is the
line number of the bottom line. If either Pt or Pb is not selected,
they default 10 lop and bottom respectively. Lines are counted
from "1 ".

28------------_________________________
Printing
Before you select a print operation, check printer status using
the print status report (DSR) (see Reports section).
Name

Sequence Action

Auto print
mode

CSI? 5 i

Turns on auto print mode. Subsequent display lines print
when you move the cursor off
the line using a linefeed, form
feed, vertical tab, or autowrap.
The printed line is terminated
with a carriage return and the
character which moved the
cursor off the previous line
(LF, FF, or VT (autowrap lines
end with a linefeed).

CSI? 4

Turns off auto print mode.

CSI5 i

Turns on printer controller
mode. The terminal transmits
received characters to the
printer without displaying
them on the screen. All
characters and character
sequences except NUL, XON,
XOFF, CSI 5 i, and CSI4 i are
sent to the printer. The terminal does not insert or delete
spaces, or provide line
delimiters, or select the
correct printer character set

Printer
controller

Printer controller mode is of
higher priority than auto print
mode. It can be selected during auto print mode.
When in printer controller
mode, keyboard activity continues to be directed to the
host

Print cursor
line

CSI4

Turns off printer controller
mode.

CSI ?

Prints the display line containing the cursor. The cursor
position does not change.
The print-cursor-line sequence is completed when
the line prints.

_____________________________________ 29

Printing (Cont)
Name

Sequence Action

Print screen

CSI i

Prints the screen display (full
screen or scrolling region,
depending on the Print Extent
DECEXT selection). Printer
form feed mode (DECPFF)
selects either a form feed (FF)
or nothing as the print terminator. The print screen sequence is completed when
the screen prints.

CSIO

Same as above.

CXI ?

Causes subsequent ReGIS
Hardcopy commands to direct
the graphics display to the
printer port. Text that is part of
the graphics screen prints with
the graphics.

Select graphics
to printer

Select graphics
to host

CSI ? 0

Same as above.

CSI ? 2

Causes subsequent ReGIS
Hardcopy commands to direct
the graphics display to the
host port.

User Defined Keys (DECUDK)
The device control string format for down-line loading UDK
fu nctions is:
DCS Pc; PI

Ky1 /st1; ky2/st2; ... kyn/stn ST

where:

Meaning

None

Clear all keys before loading new values

Load new key values, clear old only where defined

Meaning

None

Lock the keys against future redefinition

Lock the keys against future redefinition
Do not lock the keys against future redefinition

30
Key (kyn)

Value (stn)

F6
F8
F9
F10

17
18
19
20
21

F11
F12
F13
F14

23
24
25
26

HELP
DO

28
29

F17

F18

F19

33
34

F20

Down-Line Loading Characters (ORCS)
You can down-line load your DRCS character set using the
following DECDLD device control string format:
DCS Pfn;Pcn;Pe; Pcms; Pw; Pt { Dscs Sxbp1 ;Sxbp2; ... ;Sxbpn ST
Parameter descriptions are as follows:
DECDLD Parameter Characters
Parameter

Name

Description

Pfn

Font
number

o and 1.

Pcn

Starting
character
number

Selects starting character in DRCS
font buffer to be loaded.

Erase
control

o = erase all characters in this

Character

o = Device default (7 X 10)

Matrix
size

1 = (not used)
2 = 5 X 10
3 = 6 X 10
4 = 7 X 10

DRCS set
1 = erase only the characters that
are being reloaded
2 = erase all characters in all DRCS
sets (this font buffer number
and other font buffer numbers)

______________________________________ 31

DECDLD Parameter Characters (Cont)
Parameter

Name

Description

Width
attribute

0= Device default (80 columns)
1 = 80 column
2 = 132 column

Text!
full-cell'

o = Device default (text)
1 = Text
2 = Full-cell

Dscs defines the character set "name" for the soft font, and is
used in the SCS (select character set) escape sequence.

Sxbp1;Sxbp2;...;Sxbpn are sixel bit patterns (1 to 94 patterns)
for characters separated by semicolons. Each sixel bit pattern
has the form:

5... S/... S
where the first 5.... S represents the upper columns
(sixels) of the ORCS character, the slash advances
the sixel pattern to the lower columns of the ORCS
character, and the second S.... S represents the lower
columns (sixels) of the DRC5.
Clearing a Down-Line Loaded Character Set
You can clear a character set that you have down-line loaded
using the following DECDLD control sequence:

DCS 1;1;2 {sp@ ST
Down-line loaded character sets are also cleared by:
• performing the power-up self-test
• using the Set-Up Recall or Default functions
• using RIS or ESC c sequences

32 __________________________________________

Reports
Device Attributes (DA)
Communication

Sequence

Meaning

Host to VT240
(primary DA
request)

eSI c
or
eSI 0 c

"What is your
service class code
and what are your
attributes?"

VT240 to host
(primary DA
response)

eSI? 62; 1; 2; 3; 4; 6; 7; 8 c "I am a service
class 2 (VT200
family) terminal
(62) with 132
columns (1),
printer port (2),
ReGIS display (3),
sixel graphics I/O
(4), selective
erase (6), DReS
(7), and UDK (8).

Host to VT240
(secondary DA
response)

eSI > c
or
eSI > 0 c

"What type of terminal are you, what
is your firmware
vEirsion, and what
hardware options
do you have
installed'?"

VT240 to host
(secondary DA
response)

eSI > 1; Pv; Po c

"I am a VT240 (2),
my firmware
version is
(Pv),
and I have
PO
option installed.

Where:
Pv = firmware/software version
Po: 0 = no options
1 = Integral modem
EXAMPLE: eSI>2;1 0;1 c = VT240 version 1.0, with integral modem
option

__________________________________________ 33

Device Status Report (DSR)
Communication

Sequence

Meaning

Host to VT240
(request for
terminal status)

CSI 5 n

"Please report your
operating status using
a OSR control sequence. Are you in
good operating condition or do you have
a malfunction?"

VT240 to host
(OA response)

CSIO n

"I have no
malfu nction."

CSI 3 n

"I have a
malfunction."

Host to VT240
(request for
cursor position)

CSI 6 n

"Please report your
cursor position using
a CPR (not OSR)
control sequence."

VT240 to host
(CPR response)

CSI Pv; Ph R

"My cursor is positioned at
(Pv);
(Ph)."

Where:
Pv = vertical position (row)
Ph = horizontal position (column)

DSR - Printer Port
Communication

Sequence

Meaning

Host to VT240
(request for
printer status)

CSI ? 15 n

"What is the printer
status?"

VT240 to host

CSI ? 13 n

"OTR has not been
asserted on the
printer port since
power up or reset- in
essence, I have no
printer."

CSI ? 10 n

"OTR is asserted on
the printer port. The
pri nter is ready."

CSI ? 11 n

"DTR is not currently
asserted on the printer
port. The printer is not
ready."

34 _____________________________________
DSR - User Defined Keys
Host to VT240
(request for
UDK status)

CSI ? 25 n

"Are User Defined
Keys locked or
unlocked?"

VT240 to host

CSI ? 20 n

"User Defined Keys
are unlocked."

CSI ? 21 n

"User Defined Keys
are locked."

Identification (DECID)
ESC Z
Causes the terminal to send a primary DA response sequence.
DECID, however, is not recommended. You should use the
primary DA request for this purpose.

ReGIS Graphics Protocol Controls Mode
The ReGIS graphics mode is available through the VT200 and
VT100 modes only. You enter ReGIS by sending a ReGIS
device control string to the terminal.

Control String
Parameter
DCS p
or
DCS 0 p

Causes VT240 to enter ReGIS at previous
command level. (ReGIS is at the highest
command level if the terminal was poweredup after the last device control string.)

DCS 1 P

Causes VT240 to enter ReGIS at highest
command level.

DCS 2 P

Causes VT240 to enter ReGIS at previous
command level with commands displayed on
the screen's bottom line (command display
mode enabled).

DCS 3 p

Causes VT240 to enter ReGIS at highest
command level with commands displayed on
the screen's bottom line (command mode
enabled).

Exit ReGIS mode and return to text mode.

_____________________________________ 35

Terminal Reset
Name

Sequence

Action

Soft terminal
reset (DECSTR)

CSI ! P

Sets terminal to power-up
default states

Hard terminal
reset (RIS)

ESC c

Replaces all set-up
parameters with NVR
values or power-up
default values if NVR
values do not exist.

Tests (DECTST)
The sequence format for invoking terminal tests is:
CSI 4 ; ..... ; Ps y
Where:
Ps

Test

Test 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6
Power-up self-test
EIA port data loopback test
Printer port loopback test
Color Bar Test
(not used)
EIA port modem control line loopback test
20 mA port loopback test
(not used)
Repeat other test in parameter string
Full screen blue
Full screen green
Full screen red
Full screen white
Integral modem analog loopback test
Integral modem externalloopback test
(not used)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16 and up

NOTE:
DECTST causes a communications line
disconnect.
Adjustments (DECALN)
ESC # 8

Displays screen alignment pattern (full screen of

"Es'l

36 _____________________________________

VT52 Escape Sequences
Escape Sequence

Function

ESC A
ESC B
ESCC
ESC D
ESC F
ESCG
ESC H
ESC I
ESCJ
ESC K
ESC Y Line Column*
ESCZt
ESC =
ESC>
ESC <
ESC A
ESC_
ESCW
ESC X
ESC)
ESC V

Cursor up
Cursor down
Cu rsor rig ht
Cursor left
Enter "graphics" mode
Exit "graphics" mode
Cursor to home
Reverse line feed
Erase to end of screen
Erase to end of line
Direct cursor address
Identify
Enter alternate keypad mode
Exit alternate keypad mode
Enter ANSI mode
Enter auto print mode
Exit auto print mode
Enter printer controller mode
Exit printer controller mode
Print screen
Print cursor line

Line and column numbers for direct cursor addressing are
single character codes whose value is the desired number
plus 37 (octal).
t

The response to ESC Z in VT52 mode is ESC / Z.

37
ReGIS
ReGIS Command Summary
Command ReGIS
Key
Command
Letter
Name

Description

Position

Positions the graphics cursor
without performing any writing.

Vector

Draws vectors (straight lines)
between screen locations specified within the command.

Curve

Draws circles, arcs and! or curves
using screen locations specified
within the command.

Text

Controls display of graphics text
strings, and allows specification
of characters to be displayed.

Write

Specifies writing controls, such
as shading

Screen

Specifies screen controls, such
as erasing the screen.

Macrograph

Defines a macrograph.
Macrographs are used for storing and recalling ReGIS
command strings, allowing a
complex figure, which is to be
used more than once to be
stored as a macrograph, and
invoked as a single command.

Load

Controls definition and loading
of alternate characters which
can be displayed using the Text
command.

Report

Reports information (such as
active position, and error codes);
initiates report position interactive mode.

Resychronization

Semicolon serves as a
resychronization command.

ReGIS Power On/Reset Default Values Summary
Command
Type
Command

Default Description

Screen
Control

S(A[O,O] [799,499])

Defines the screen
as having coordinate
values of [0,0] for
upper left corner, and
[799,479] for lower
right.

Screen
Control

S[O,O]

No scroll is to occur.

Screen
Control

S(H(P[50,0]))

Any printing from the
screen will be offset at
the printer 50 coordinates to approximate
centering on 8-1 /2 inch
wide paper.

Screen
Control

S(MO(LO)1 (L25)2(L50)3(L75))

Output map values for
monochrome monitor
are dark for MO, dim
grey for M1, light grey
for M2, and white for
M3.

Screen
Control

S( MO(AD)1 (AB)2(AR)3(AG))

Output map values for
color monitor are dark
for MO, blue for M1, red
for M2, and green for
M3.

Screen
Control

S(IO)

Output map location
is selected for background intensityvalue,
with dark background
for color and monochrome monitors
(default value for MO).

Screen
Control

S(TO)

No time delay.

Write
Control

W(M1)

Pixel vector (PV)
multiplication of 1.

Write
Control

W(P1)

Solid line selected for
writing pattern.

Write

W(P(M2))

Pattern multiplication
factor of 2.

Write
Control

W(NO)

Negative pattern
control disabled.

Write
Control

W(F3)

Writing enabled to both
bit map planes.

39
ReGIS Power On/Reset Default Values Summary (Cont)
Command
Type
Command

Default Description

Write
Control

W(13)

Output map location3 selected
for write tasks, resulting in
white for monochrome, green
for color, since these are the
default values for M3.

Write
Control

W(V)

Overlay writing in effect.

Write
Control

W(SO)

Shading disabled.

Text

T(AO)

Character set containing
standard ASCII characters is
selected for text processing.

Text

T(Sl)

Standard character cell size 1
is selected for text processing.

Text

T(S[9,20])

Display cell size associated
with standard character cell
size 1.

Text

T(U[8,20])

Unit cell size associated with
standard character cell size 1.

Text

n+9,+0[

Character positioning associated with standard character
cell size 1.

Text

T(H2)

Height multiplication factor of
2.

Text

T(DO Sl DO)

String and character tilt
disabled.

Text

T(lO)

Italics disabled.

Text

T(M[1,2])

Size multiplication factor of 1
for width, and 2 for height.

Load

L(A1)

Select set 1 for loading.

40 _____________________________________

Screen Control Command Summary
Command

Description

S (A[x, Yj [X, Yj)

Display addressing; allows defining
addressing of screen at different size
or orientation than actually true for
VT240.

S [X,Yj

Scroll; uses relative X and Yvalues to
define scrolling of screen data within
the bit map while leaving coordinate
system unchanged.

S <PV number>

Scroll; uses PVoffset values to define
scrolling of screen data within the bit
map while leaving coordinate system
unchanged.

S (H)

Hard copy control defining whole
screen area is printed.

S (H[X, Yj [X, Yj)

Hard copy control defining amount
of screen to be printed; bracketed
values are actual screen coordinates
identify opposing positions to be used
to define portion of s.creen to be
printed.

S (H[X,Yj)

Hard copy control defining amount
of screen to be printed; bracketed
values are actual screen coordinates
used with current cursor location to
identify opposing positions defining
portion of screen to be printed.

S (H(P[X, Yj))

Print offset; defines relative offset
value from current printhead location to where upper left corner of
image is to be printed; [50,0] is default
at power on, until new value is defined;
any new value remains in effect until
redefined

S (M<n>«Lvalue»)

Output mapping for changing mono
shade values; Any or all values can
be changed in a given command;
defines the shade to be stored in
selected «n» output map location.

S (M<n>«RGB»)

Output mapping for changing color
values using RGB specifier, any or all
values can be changed in a given
command; defines the color to be
stored in selected «n<) output map
location.

_______________________________________ 41

Screen Control Command Summary (Cont)
Command

Description

S (M<n>(HLS))

Output mapping for changing color
values using HLS specifier, anyor all
values can be changed in a given
command; defines the color to be
stored in selected «n» output map
location; default values are HLS
values for default RGB values.

S (I<n»

Background intensity select; selects
output map location «n» to be
used for background.
Background intensity select; selects
output ap location containing closest
color to RGB value specified.

S (I(RGB))

S (I(HLS))

Background intensity select; selects
output map location containing
closest color to H LS value specified.

S (T<0-255»

Time delay; defines number of ticks f
real time clock to be counted for a
delay.

S(E)

Screen erase; causes all graphic
images on screen to be rewritten at
current background intensity.

S (l<value>,E)

Screen erase to defined background
intensity; defines a background
intensity, and erases screen to that
value.

S (W(M<n>))

Temporary write defining multiplication factor for PV values; defines
number of coordinates to be affected
by each PV value specified for a
scroll.

S (C<O or 1»

GraphicCursorControl; disables(CO)
or enables (C1) display of diamond
cursor.

42 _______________________________________

Position Command Summary
Command

Description

P [X, V]

Positioning using [X,V] values to
define a new active position; the[X, V]
values can be absolute, relative, or
absolute/relative.

P <PV>

Positioning using PVvalues to define
a relative repositioning of the active
position.

P (W(M<n>))

Temporary write control defining
multiplication factor for PV values;
defines number of coordinates to be
affected by PV values.

P (B)

Begin a bounded sequence; causes
current active position to be stored
for reference at the end of the
sequence.

P (S)

Start an unbounded sequence;
causes a dummy position to be
stored for reference at the end of the
sequence.

P (E)

End of sequence; causes last stored
(B) or (S) value to be referenced; if
value referenced was stored by alB),
active position will be defined by the
stored value; If value referenced was
stored by (S), active position will
remain at its current location.

Null position; used in conjunction
with write tasks to force write tasks to
begin with first location of pattern
memory.

P [

Write Control Command Summary
Command

Description

W(M<n»

PV multiplication; defines multiplication factor«n» for PVvaluescan be
used as temporary write control for
other types of commands.

W(p<O-9»

Select standard pattern; selects one
of ten stored write patterns for write
tasks.

W (P<binary»

Specify binary pattern; allows specification of unique writing patterns for
write tasks. The specified pattern
can be up to 8 bits in length.

______________________________________ 43

Write Control Command Summary (Cont)
Command

Description

W P(M<1-16>))

Pattern multiplication; used to define
the number of times each bit of the
pattern memory will be processed.
Pattern multiplication can be combined with either select standard
pattern or the specify binary pattern,
or by itself, to define a multiplication
factor for the last specified pattern.

W(N<O-1»

Negative pattern control; when on
(N1), allows reversing effect of
currently selected write pattern.

W(F<0-3»

Foreground plane control; provides
a mask which determines which
planes of the bit map can be written
to during write tasks.

W(I<0-3»

Foreground intensity select; defines
an output map address «0-3» to
be used for write tasks; writing puts
address of that location into bit map.

W (I «RGB»

Foreground intensity select; defines
writing tasks to occur using the output map add ress contai ni ng the color
closest to the RGB value specified.

W (I «HLS»

Foreground intensity; defines writing
to occur using output map address
containing the color closest to the
HLS value specified.

W(V,E,C, or R)

Four option letters available to define
type of writing to occur: (C) for complement writing; (E) for erase writing;
(R) for replace writing; (V) for overlay
writing.

W(S<O-1»

Shading on/off control; when on (51),
enables shading atcurrently selected
pattern, with the shading reference
line defined by the V axis value ofthe
active position when (51) is invoked.

W(S[,V))

Shading referencelineselect; selects
a horizontal shading reference line
defined by [,y], which can be either
an absolute or relative value.

W(S(x) [X))

Shading reference Iine select; selects
a vertical shading reference line
defined by [X], which can be either an
absolute or relative value.

44 ______________________________________

Write Control Command Summary (Cont)
Command

Description

W (S '<character>')

Shading character select; allows
graphic objects to be filled using the
character specified.

Vector Commands Summary
Command

Description

v[ )

Draw dot; used to write to a single
pixel defined by current active position; No cursor movement occurs.

VIX,Y)

Draw line using IX, Y] value to define a
position to wh ich a line is to be drawn
from the current active position; the
IX, Y) value can bean absolute, relative,
or absolute/relative positioning value.

v <PV>

Draw line using PV values to define a
position to which a line is to be drawn,
relative tothecurrent active position,
in the direction defined by the PV
value.

V (B)

Begin a bounded sequence; causes
current active position to be stored
for reference at the end of the
sequence.

v (5)

Start an unbounded sequence;
causes a dummy position to be
stored for reference at the end of the
sequence.

VIE)

End of sequence; causes last stored
(B) or (5) value to be referenced; If
value referenced was stored bya(B),
a line is drawn from the active position
where (E) is sensed, to the location
stored by(B); Ifvalue referenced was
stored by (5), no line is drawn, and
active position remains at current
position.

v (W «suboptions»

Temporary write control; used to
invoke write control values different
from those currently in effect, without
altering those write control values;
temporary write control values remain
in effect only for the duration of write
tasks they are invoked for.

_____________________________________ 45
Curve Commands Summary
Command

Description

C[X,V]

Circle with center at current position; [X, V] defines a point on the
circumference of the circle; the
specified [X, V] value can be absolute, relative, or absolute/relative
position.

C (C) [X,V]

Circle with center at specified position; [X, V] defines a point to serve
as the circle center, while current
active position defines a point on
the circumference; the [X, y] value
can b~3 absolute, relative, or
absolute/relative position.

C (A<degrees» [X, V]

Arc with center at current position;
[X, V] defines the starting point for
drawing the arc, while the signed
value of the <degrees> (+ or-)
determines which direction the arc
will be drawn from that point: + for
counterclockwise, and - for clockwise; the [X,V] value can be absolute, relative, or absolute/relative
position.

C (A<degrees>C) [X,V]

Arc with center at specified position; [X,V] defines the center, while
the current active position is the
point from which the arc is drawn;
The signed value of <degrees< (+
or -) determines which direction
the arcwill be drawn: +forcounterclockwise, and -for clockwise; The
[X, V] value can be absolute, relative,
or absolute/relative position.

C (B)<positions> (E)

Closed curve sequence; used to
define a closed curve graphic
image built from interpolation of
[X, V] positions specified within the
option; the [X, V] values specified
can be absolute, relative, or
absolute/relative.

C (S)<positions> (E)

Open curve sequence; used to
define an open curve graphic
image built from interpolation of
[X, V] positions specified within the
option; the [X, V] values specified
can be absolute, relative, or
absolute/relative.

46 _____________________________________

Curve Commands Summary (Cont)
Command

Description

C [ ]

Null position; used with either open
or closed sequence to affect interpolation; [] will cause a position
equal to the last specified active
position to be stored as part of the
positions to be interpolated; when
used at the beginning of a sequence.
the value stored will be the current
active position.

C (W «suboptions»)

Temporary write control; used to
invoke write control different from
those currently in effect. without
altering the overall write control
val ues; temporary write control
values remain in effect only for the
duration of write tasks they are
invoked for.

Text Command Summary
Command

Description

T 'texf

Text string; provides identification of text to be displayed; Text
string characters must be
delimited by either single quotes
('texf), or double quotes("texf').

T (A<0-3»

Character set; defines which of
four possible character sets
«0-3» is to be used for processing text string characters.

T (S<0-16»

Standard character cell size;
defines a set of display cell. unit
cell, and character positioning.
values to be used in processing
text string characters; anyone of
17 different sets «0-16» can
be invoked.

T (S [<width,height>])

Display cell size; allows varying
size of cell used for text string
characters; default value comes
from screen coordinate value
associated with the standard
character cell size default of(S1);
if specified in pixels, [9.20] is
[9,10].

_______________________________________ 47

Text Command Summary (Cont)
Command

Description

T [X,V]

Character positioning; allows
varying of positioning between
text string characters; default
value comes from position value
associated with the standard
character cell size default of(S1);
[X, V] values are relative.

T (U [<width,height>])

Unit cell size; allows varying size
of unit used for text string characters; default value comes from
screen coordinate value associated with the standard character
cell size default of(S1).ln pixels,
[8,20] is [8,10].

T (H<1-25»

Height multiplier; when invoked,
the height multiplier will change
the display cell and unit cell size
height values to a value equal to
10 times the specified multiplier
([1-25]), without affecting width
values, or positioning.

T (O<a> S<0-16»

String tilt; used to define a tilt of
text string characters, as a whole,
relative to the normal horizontal
baseline; <a> defines the
degrees of the tilt; <0-16>
provides a standard set value
from which positioning during the
tilt can be computed.

T (O<a> S<0-16> 0 a )

String/character tilt; used to
define separate tilt values for the
string, and the characters in the
text string; the first <a> defines
the degrees of tilt for the string;
the second <a> defines the
degrees of tilt for the characters
in the string; <0-16> provides a
standard set value from which
positioning during the tilt can be
computed.

T (I<a»

Italics; defines a degree of tilt

«a» for characters without

changing their orientation to the
current baseline.

48 _____________________________________

Text Command Summary (Cont)
Command

Description

T (B)<options>(E)

Temporary text control; allows
selecting text values which differ
from those currently defined,
without affecting the current
values; the temporary values
remain in effect until (E) is
invoked.

T <PV>

PV spacing; Uses PV values to
enable superscript, subscript,
and overstrike functions.

T (W «oPtions»

Temporary write control; used to
invoke write control values different from those currently in effect,
without altering the overall write
control values; temporary write
control values are only in effect
for the text command they are
invoked for.

T (M [width,height))

Size multiplication; provides
multiplication factors for the
height and width values of the
unit cell size associated with
standard cell size 1; the minimum
multiplication for height and
width is 1; the maximum multiplication is 16 for width and 127 for
height

_____________________________________ 49
Load Command Summary
Command

Description

L (A<1-3»

Select set; defines which of the
three loadable character sets is
to be selected for any subsequent
load cell activity.

L (A"<name>")

Specify name; provides a name
("<name>") of up to ten characters in length to be applied to
the currently selected set; specify
name can be combined with the
select set: (A<1-3> "<name>").

L "<ASCII>" <hex pairs>

Load cell; used to generate characters to be stored in the selected
set; "<ASCII>" is a single ASCII
character which provides an
identity for the character cell;
<hex pairs> are used to define
the bit pattern of the character to
be stored on line-by-line basis.

Macrograph Summary
Syntax

Description

@<Ietter>

Invoke macrograph; causes
content of the selected macrograph «letter», a single case
insensitive letter, to be invoked
on the screen starting at the
current cursor location.

@:<Ietter> <definition>@;

Define macrograph; defines the
single, case insensitive letter the
macrograph is to be stored under,
and the definition to be stored.

Clear all macrographs; when
invoked, deletes stored macrograph descriptions from all 26
macrograph storage locations.

@:<Ietter>@;

Clear defined macrograph; used
to clear the contents of a single
macrograph storage loction; this
option is actually a define macrograph option invoked with no
definition.

50 _________________________________________

Report Command Summary
Command

Description

R (P)

Cursor position; causes reporting of
the current active position.

R (M «letter»)

Macrograph contents; causes report"
ing of the contents of the specified
macrograph storage location.

R(M (=})

Macrograph storage status; causes
reporting of how much space has
been assigned to macrograph
storage, and how much of that space
is currently free.

R (L)

Character set; cause reporting of set
currently selected for loading.

R(E)

Error; causes reporting of the last
error encountered by the parser.

R (P (I))

Report position interactive; places
VT240 in a mode where cursor can
be repositioned from the keyboard.

Report Command Error Condition Option Responses
Code

Condition

Description

No Error

No error has been detected since the
last resynchronization character(;); aO
will be reported as the error character
«M».

Ignore
Character

An unexpected characterwas encou n"
tered, and ignored; the error character
«M» will represent the character
ignored.

Extra Option
Coordinates

The syntax S(H[X, Yl[X, Yl) contained
more than two coordinate pairs; the
extra coordinate pairs were ignored;
always returnsO forthe error character
«M».

Extra
Coordinate
Elements

The syntax [X,Yl contained more than
two coordinate elements all but the
first two elements were ignored;
always returnsO as the error character
«M».

Alphabet
Out Of
Range

The syntax L(A<0-3» contained a
number less than 0 or greater than 3;
always returnsO forthe error character
«M».

Reserved

________________________________________ 51

Report Command Error Condition Option Responses (Cont)
Code

Condition

Description

Reserved

Begin/Start
Overflow

The stacking limit of 16 (B) and (S)
position and/or vector commands was
exceeded; Subsequent (B) or (S)
commands were ignored; the error
character«M» represents either a B
or an S.

Begin/Start
Underflow

A position or vector command (E) was
encountered with no corresponding
(B) or (S) option preceeding it; the (E)
option is ignored; the error character
«M» represents the E option letter.

Text
Standard
Size Error

Astandard set numberof less thanO or
greater than 16 was attempted by a
text command standard set select;
always returnsO as the errorcharacter
«m».

4010/4014
Entering/Exiting 4010/4014 Mode
There are two ways to enter and exit 401 0/4014 mode: using
set-up or escape sequences.
Sequence

Function

CSI ? 3 8 h

Enters 4010/4014 mode.

CSI ? 3 8

Exits 4010/4014 mode.

NOTE
The VT240 enters401 0/4014 in alpha mode, and
exits401 0/4014 to the VT200, 7-bitcontrol mode.
Alpha Mode Summary

ESC
ESC NUL
ESC ESC
ESC ENQ
BEL
ESC BEL
BS
ESC BS
HT
ESC HT
LF
ESC LF
ESCCR

Set LCE
Set LCE
Set LCE
Set bypass and return terminal status
Ring bell
Ring bell
Move one space left
Move one space left
Move one space right
Move one space right
Move one line down
Set LCE. Ignore filler LF and CR
Set LCE. Ignore filler LF and CR

52 _____________________________________

Alpha Mode Summary (Cont)
VT
ESCVT
ESC FF
CR
ESC ETB
ESC CAN
ESC SUB
FS
ESC FS
GS
ESCGS
RS
ESC RS

SP
ESC 0
ESC:
ESC;
ESC 1
ESC 8
ESC 9
ESC 2
ESC 3
ESC DEL

Move one line up
Move one line up
Erase and home (page)
Move to left margin
Make copy
Set bypass condition
Set GIN and bypass condition
Set point plot
Set point plot
Set graph and dark vector
Set graph and dark vector
Set incremental plot
Set incremental plot
Move one space right
Select smallest character size
Select smallest character size
Select smallest character size
Select small character size
Select small character size
Select small character size
Select large character size
Select largest character size
Set LCE.

NOTE
1. LCE is a flag indicating an escape sequence
introduction condition.
2. All non-control ASCII characters are print
characters in Alpha mode.
Graph and Point Plot Mode Summary
ESC NUL
ESC ENQ
BEL
ESC LF
ESC FF
CR
ESC ETB
ESC CAN
ESC SUB
FS
ESC FS
GS
ESC GS
RS
ESC RS
US
ESC US

Set LCE
Set bypass and return terminal status
Ring bell
Set LCE and ignore filler LFs and CRs
Erase and home and go to Alpha
Set Alpha and lift
Make copy
Set bypass condition
Set GIN and bypass condition
Set point plot
Set point plot
Set graph and do a dark vector
Set graph and do a dark vector
Set incremental plot
Set incremental plot
Set Alpha mode
Set Alpha mode

______________________________________ 53

Graph and Point Plot Mode Summary (Cont)
SP

#
$
%
&

o
1

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

<
>
?
@~

[

\
)

High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
High X or high Y coordinate value
Low Y coordinate value
Low Y coordinate value
Low Y coordinate value
Low Y coordinate value
Low Y coordinate value

54 _____________________________________

Graph and Point Plot Mode Summary (Cont)

ESC
ESC a
ESCb
ESC c
ESCd
ESCe
ESC f
ESCg
ESC h
ESC i
ESCj
ESC k
ESC I
ESC m
ESC n
ESC 0
(
[

J
DEL
ESC?
ESC DEL

LowY
Set Normal, Solid Vector
Set Normal, Dotted Vector
Set Normal, Dot-Dashed Vector
Set Normal, Short Dashed Vector
Set Normal, Long Dashed Vector
Set Normal, Solid Vector
Set Normal, Solid Vector
Set Normal, Solid Vector
Set Bold, Solid Vector
Set Bold, Dotted Vector
Set Bold, Dot-Dashed Vector
Set Bold, Short Dashed Vector
Set Bold, Long Dashed Vector
Set Bold, Solid Vector
Set Bold, Solid Vector
Set Bold, Solid Vector
LowY
LowY
LowY
LowY
Low Y or NO-OP (note 2)
Low Y (note 2)
Set LeE

NOTE
1. LCE is a flag indicating an escape sequence
introduction condition.
2. The affect of DEL as a Low Y character can be
disabled by the DEL implies Low Y option in
graphics set-up; if DEL cannot be used, the
program can substitute ESC? which performs
the same function as DEL.
3. All uppercase alphabetical characters can be
used for High X or High Y coordinate values.
4. All lowercase alphabetical characters can be
used for Low Y coordinate values.

______________________________________ 55
Incremental Plot Mode

ESC NUL
ESC ENQ
ESC BEL
ESC LF
ESCCR
ESC FF
CR
ESC ETB
ESC CAN
ESC SUB
ESC
ESC ESC
FS
ESC FS
GS
ESCGS
US
ESC US
Space

p
D

E
A
I
H

J
B

Set LCE (note 1)
Set bypass and return terminal status
Ring bell
Set LCE and ignore filler LPs and CR's
Set LCE and ignore filler LPs and CR's
Go Alpha and erase and home
Set Alpha and left margin
Make copy
Set bypass
Set bypass and GIN
Set LCE
Set LCE
Set point plot mode
Set point plot mode
Set graph mode
Set graph mode
Set Alpha mode
Set Alpha mode
Turn beam off (pen up)
Turn beam on (pen down)
Move up (north)
Move up, right (northeast)
Move right (east)
Move down, right ~southeast)
Move down (south)
Move down, left (southwest)
Move left (west)
Move up, left (northwest)

56 _____________________________________

Gin Mode
Gin mode is exited from keyboard only. While in GIN, only arrow
keys are used (either shifted or unshifted) to reposition cross
hair cursor. Gin mode is exited by activating any key normally
active in VT100 mode. GIN mode exits to Alpha mode.
Bypass Condition
ESC ENQ
ESC CAN
ESC SUB
BEL
ESC BEL
LF
ESC LF
ESCCR
CR
US
ESC US
ESC ETB
ESC FF

Set Bypass and return terminal status
Set Bypass with no other action
Set Bypass and go to GIN
Clear bypass and ring bell (if enabled)
Clear bypass and ring bell (if enabled)
Clear bypass and cause new line
Clear bypass, set LCE, and ignore filler LFs
and CRs
Clear bypass, set LCE, and ignore filler LFs
and CRs
Clear bypass, move cursor to left margin, and
go to Alpha
Clear bypass and go to graph
Clear bypass and go to graph
Clear bypass and make copy
Clear bypass, go to Alpha, and clear screen
and home

NOTE
1. LCE is flag indicating an escape sequence
introduction condition.
2. NEXT SCREEN key performs same function
as ESC FF.

Printed in U.S.A

EK-VT240-HR-001