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XX-F610A-44

May 1978

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Document:	10.72.01 7802 DECnet-RT
Order Number:	XX-F610A-44
Revision:
Pages:	4
Original Filename:	http://bitsavers.org/pdf/dec/spd/10.72.01_7802_DECnet-RT.pdf

OCR Text

momoomo

Software Product Description
PRODUCT NAME: DECnet-RT, Version 1.0
DESCRIPTION:
DECnet-RT, Version 1.0, allows a suitably configured
RT -11 system to participate as a Phase \I DECnet
node in pOint-to-point computer networks. DECnet-RT
offers task-to-task communications, network file
transfer and network resource-sharing capabilities,
using the DIGITAL Network Architecture (DNA) protocols. DECnet-RT communicates with adjacent nodes
over synchronous and asynchronous communication
lines, and parallel interfaces. Access to DECnet-RT is
supported for RT-11 user programs written in MACRO-11 and FORTRAN.
DECnet-RT is a Phase II network product and is warranted for use only with Phase II DECnet products
supplied by DIGITAL.
The functionality available to an RT -11 user depends,
in part, on the configuration of the rest of the network. Each DECnet product offers its own level of
functionality and its own set of features to the user.
Networks consisting entirely of DECnet-RT (a two
node network because DECnet-RT supports one communication line) nodes have the full functionality described in this SPD. Networks that mix DECnet-RT
nodes with other DECnet products may limit the functions available to the DECnet-RT user because some
DECnet-RT features may not be supported by all
DECnet products.
The Phase II products and functions available to
users on mixed networks can be determined by comparison of the SPDs for the component products. An
overview of DECnet and common functionality available with mixed networks can be obtained from the
General Phase II DECnet SPD (10.78).
Task-to- Task Communication
Using DECnet-RT, an RT-11 user program written in
MACRO-11 or FORTRAN can exchange messages
with other programs using Phase II DECnet DNA protocols. The two user programs must be adjacent
DECnet nodes. (Adjacent nodes control opposite
ends of a point-to-point communication line.) If on
adjacent nodes, the second node can be any Phase II
DECnet System that supports synchronous or asynchronOLJS communication lines.

Network File Transfer Utilities
Using DECnet-RT utilities, a user can transfer sequen-

February 1978

SPD 10.72.1

tial ASCII files between Phase II DECnet nodes. Files
can be transferred in both directions between locally
su pported RT -11 File System device and the file
system of an adjacent DECnet node.
In addition, other types of files may be transferred
where formats between the Phase II DECnet nodes
are compatible.
Additional facilities allow system command files or
batch files to be submitted to a remote node where
the list of commands must be in the format expected
by the node responsible for the execution. DECnet-RT
does not support system command or batch files to
be submitted from other systems.
Network Resource Access
File Access
File access is supported to and from remote DECnet
systems by explicit subroutine calls in FORTRAN and
MACRO tasks.
READ, WRITE, OPEN and CLOSE, and DELETE operations can be initiated by local FORTRAN and MACRO tasks for sequential files residing at remote
DECnet systems. Other nodes supporting File Access
can exercise this capability for files located on the
RT -11 node. Fixed and variable length record formats
are supported. Further, files accessed remotely can
contain either ASCII or binary information.
Network Information Program
Using the DECnet-RT NIP utility, a user can set node
name and password, and display statistics related to
the communication lines, including data on traffic and
errors. Output can be directed to the terminal or to a
log file.
Terminal Communication Utility
The DECnet-RT TLK utility allows a user at a DECnetRT node to send messages to adjacent DECnet nodes
that support the same feature. Messages can be
directed to a specific terminal or to the operator's
console at the destination node. TLK dialogue mode
allows users on the two systems to type messages to
one another.
Communications
• DECnet-RT Version 1.0 supports the DIGITAL Data
Communications Message Protocol (DDCMP) for
full or half-duplex transmission in pOint-to-point operation using serial synchronous or asynchronous
facilities.
DDCMP provides error detec-

AE-D431 A-TC

OECnet-RT, Version 1.0

SPO 10.72.1
-2-

tion/correction and physical link management facilities.
• one pOint-to-point link can be supported by a RT11 node. Only one link may connect any pair of
nodes.

DECnet-RT Operation
DECnet-RT is implemented as a driver under RT -11
FB/XM and subroutines that would be linked with the
Foreground or Background RT -11 program. Minimum
memory residency requirements for a driver and network code are 7K words (14K bytes), and at least 1K
words (2K bytes) for temporary data storage.
Consequently, the user should plan to dedicate at
least 8K (16 bytes) words of memory storage to network control functions. Additional memory will be required for a user written network task or any DEenet
utility functions to be invoked (file transfer, TLK).
DECnet-RT Configuration
The process of configuring a DECnet-RT node is
based primarily on trade-offs of cost, performance,
and functionality, within the realm of satisfying the
user's application requirements. It can be readily expected that network applications will run the full
gamut from low-speed, low-cost situations to those of
relatively high performance and functionality. The
performance of a given DECnet node is a function not
only of the expected network traffic and resultant processing ("global" conditions), but also of the amount
of concurrent processing peculiar to that node ("local" conditions). Thus, node performance depends on
many factors, including:
• CPU power
• number of device interrupts per unit time
• communication line characteristics
• number and size of buffers
• message size and frequency
• "local" applications
It is important to note that the rate at which user data
may be shipped ("throughput") over a communications line may sometimes approach, but will never
equal or exceed, the actual line speed; the same may
be said for multiple lines as well. The reason, simply
stated, is that the actual throughput is a function of
many factors, including the user application(s), network topology, protocol overhead, and the factors
cited at the beginning of this section.
There are basically two groups of communications
interfaces presented in the tables below. They differ
in many respects, particularly in their effect upon
CPU utilization.
• The DMC11 is a direct memory access (DMA) device. Also the DDCMP line protocol is executed in
microcode by the DMC11 communication controller, thus off-loading the PDP-11. Thus, the only
DECnet load the processor sees is completed incoming and outgoing messages.
• With character interrupt devices such as the
DUP11, CPU cycles are required for not only the
DDCMP processing, but also each character sent
and received.

The following tables describe what physical hardware
configurations are supported by DECnet-RT in terms
of CPU class and communication interface. It should
be noted that the attachment of such devices as AID
converters and multiple terminals may reduce the line
speed which can effectively be supported.
DECnet-RT
Maximum Line Configurations On 11/03 CPUs
Max. No.
of Lines

Device
Group

DUV11, DLV11-E

Maximum Mode
Device
Bandwidth
(Kilobits/sec)

Maximum
Linespeed
(Kilobits/sec)

2.4

FDX,HDX

DECnet-RT
Maximum Line Configurations On 11/04-11/70 CPUs
Device
Group

DL11
DU11, DUP11
DMC11-AR, -DA
DMC11-AL, -MD
DMC11-AL, -MA

Max. No.
of Lines

Maximum
Linespeed
(Kilobits/sec)

Maximum Mode
Device
Bandwidth
(Kilobits/sec)

9.6'
19.2
56.0
1000.0

'restrictedtomaximumof4.8onPDP-11/10

9.6'
19.2
56.0
1000.0

FDX, HDX
FDX, HDX
FDX, HDX
FDX, HDX

or 11/04

In order to achieve a viable configuration, the user
and/or a DIGITAL software specialist must perform a
level of application analysis which addresses the factors above. In the preceding tables, the columns have
the following meanings:

Maximum Number of Lines
The largest number of physical lines which can be
attached and driven by the DECnet-RT system.
Maximum Device Bandwidth
The maximum total number of bits per second which
can be handled by a CPU for a given communication
device. For example, DECnet-RT on a PDP-11 /04 can
accomodate one full-duplex character-interrupt device at4.8KB.
Maximum Line Speed
The fastest clock rate at which the device can be driven under DECnet-RT. This means that even if specific devices have the ability to operate at a maximum
rate, they must be configured subject to the
"maximum device bandwidth" restriction above.
Mode
This indicates whether the line is operating in either
half-duplex (a single-bit stream) or full-duplex (two
concurrent bit streams) mode. In some instances in
the tables, a half-duplex line is quoted as having
maximum bandwidth approximately double that of the
comparable fu"-duplex line. This reflects the single
bit stream character of half-duplex lines, and the fact
that two of them place a load on the CPU roughly

SPD 10.72.1

DECnet-RT, Version 1.0
-3equivalent to one full-duplex line with traffic in both
directions.

MINIMUM HARDWARE REQUIRED:
Any valid RT-11 FB/XM system configuration with:
• a minimum of 8K words (16K bytes) additional
available memory for the DECnet-RT software and
data storage
• PDP-11/04 through PDP-11/70 central processor
with one or more of the following communications
devices:
• DU11-DA low speed synchronous interface
• DUP11-DA low speed synchronous interface
• DMC11-AR-DA high speed synchronous EIA
interface
• DMC11-AL-MD high speed local synchronous
interface
• DMC11-AL-MA high speed local synchronous
interface
• DL 11-E asynchronous interface with modem
control
• DL 11-C asynchronous interface, 20mA current
loop (1)
• DL 11-WAasynchronous interface,20mA current
loop (1)
PDP-11/03 central processor with one of the following
communications devices:
• DUV11-DA low speed synchronous interface
• DLV11-E asynchronous interface with modem
control
NOTE:
(1) Requires either the H319 option for optical
isolation or one side of the 20mA line to be in
passive mode.

OPTIONAL HARDWARE:
None
PREREQUISITE SOFTWARE:
RT -11 FB/XM operating system, Version 3.0
OPTIONAL SOFTWARE:
None
TRAINING CREDITS:
None
SUPPORT CATEGORY:
A -- Software Support will be provided as stated in
the Software Support Categories Addendum to this
SPD.
Installation under Category A support will convert the
RT -11 system into a node with connection potential to
a DECnet Phase II network. This installation does not
include a demonstration of network connection.
The Customer may purchase DECnet-RT licenses with
options that do not include support services. The category of support applicable to such software is Category C. When a DECnet-RT product option that does
not include support services is connected to a DECnet network, the category of support applicable to all
DECnet products in that network is Category C.

CUSTOMER RESPONSIBILITIES:
Before installation of the Software, the Customer
must:
1. Install or have installed all hardware, including
terminals, to be used on the system .
2. Make available to DIGITAL personnel all hardware, including terminals, to be used during installation for a reasonable period of time each
day, as mutually agreed upon by DIGITAL and
the Customer, until installation is complete.
Delays caused by any failure to meet these responsibilities will be charged at the then prevailing rate for
time and materials.

PREREQUISITE SUPPORT:
A Network Profile and DECnet Customer Support
Plan are required to be jointly prepared by the customer and DIGITAL covering all intended network
nodes and their support.
UPDATE POLICY:
Software Updates, if any, released by DIGITAL during
the one (1) year period following installation, will be
provided to the customer for a media charge (includes no installation). After the first year, updates, if
any, will be made available according to then prevailing DIGITAL policies.
ORDERING INFORMATION:
All binary licensed software, including any subsequent updates, is furnished under the licensing provisions of DIGITAL's Standard Terms and Conditions of
Sale, which provide in part that the software and any
part thereof may be used on only the single CPU on
which the software is first installed, and may be
copied, in whole or in part (with the proper inclusion
of the DIGITAL copyright notice and any DIGITAL
proprietary notices on the software) only for use on
such CPU. All source licensed software is furnished
only under the terms and conditions of a separate
Software Program Sources Agreement between Purchaser and DIGITAL.
Standard options with no support services are only
available after the purchase of one supported license.
When a software license is ordered without support
services, the category of support applicable to such
software is Category C.
A single-use license only option is a license to copy
the software previously obtained under license, and
use such software in accordance with DIGITAL's
Standard Terms and Conditions of Sale. The category
of support applicable to such copied software is Category C.
Source and/or listing options are only available after
the purchase of at least one binary license and after a
source license agreement is in effect.

DECnet-RT, Version 1.0

SPD 10.72.1
-4-

The following key (D, E, F, R, T, Y, Z) represents the
distribution media for the product and must be specified at the end of the order number, e.g., OJ685-AD
= binaries on 9-track magnetic tape.
D
E
F
R
T
Y
Z

9-track Magnetic Tape
RK05 Disk Cartridge
7 -track Magnetic Tape
Microfiche
RK06 Disk Cartridge
Floppy Diskette
No hardware dependency

Standard Options
QJ685 -A- Single-use license, binaries, documentation, support services (media: D, E, F,
T, Y)
QJ685 -C- Single-use license, binaries, documentation, no support services (media: D,
E, F, T, Y)
QJ685 -D- Single-use license only, no binaries, no
documentation, no support services
(media: Z)

Source/Listing Options
OJ685
OJ685

-E- All sources (media: D, E, F, T, Y)
-F- Listings (media: R)

Miscellaneous Options
OJ685 -G- Pre-delivery kit (media: Z)

ADDITIONAL SERVICES:
OS680 -S- DECnet Level I Services (media: Z)
Level II services are also available. Consult the DECnet Phase II Products SPD (10.78) for a description of
Level I and Level II services.

ADDENDUM
SOFTWARE SUPPORT CATEGORIES
Each software product (hereinafter 'SOFTWARE') with a designated Support Category A or 8 in the applicable Software Product
Description (SPD) existing at the time of order will be the current release at the time of delivery and will conform to the SPD.
DIGITAL's sole obligation shall be to correct defects (nonconformance of the SOFTWARE to the SPD) as described below. Any
SOFTWARE with a designated Support Category C will be furnished on an 'as is' basis.
For SOFTWARE with a designated Support Category A or B, DIGITAL will provide the services set forth below without additional
charge.
CATEGORY A
1. Upon notification by customer to the nearest DIGITAL office that the computer system, including all required prerequisite
hardware and software, is ready for the installation of the SOFTWARE, DIGITAL will install such SOFTWARE in any location
within the contiguous forty-eight (48) United States, the District of Columbia, or a country in which DIGITAL or a subsidiary
of DIGITAL has a software service facility. The notification must be received by DIGITAL and the system must be ready for
installation within thirty (30) days after the delivery of the SOFTWARE to customer or DIGITAL will have no obligation to
install. Installation will consist of: (1) verification that all components of the SOFTWARE have been received by customer, (2)
loading the SOFTWARE, and (3) executing a DIGITAL sample procedure.
2. During the ninety (90) day period after installation, if the customer encounters a problem with the current unaltered release
of the SOFTWARE which DIGITAL determines to be a defect in the SOFTWARE, DIGITAL will provide the following remedial
service (on site where necessary): (1) if the SOFTWARE is inoperable, apply a temporary correction (TC) or make a
reasonable attempt to develop an emergency by-pass, and (2) assist the customer to prepare a Software Performance
Report (SPR) and submit it to DIGITAL.
3. During the one (1) year period following installation, if the customer encounters a problem with the SOFTWARE which his
diagnosis indicates is caused by a SOFTWARE defect, the customer may submit an SPR to DIGITAL. DIGITAL will respond
to problems reported in SPRs which are caused by defects in the current unaltered release of the SOFTWARE via the
Maintenance Periodical for the SOFTWARE, which reports SPRs received, code corrections, temporary corrections, generally
useful emergency by-passes and/or notice of the availability of corrected code. Software Updates, if any, released by
DIGITAL during the one (1) year period, will be provided to the customer on DIGITAL's standard distribution media as
specified in the applicable SPD. The customer will be charged only for the media on which such updates are provided,
unless otherwise stated in the applicable SPD, at DIGITAL's then current media prices.
CATEGORY 8
During the one (1) year period following delivery, the services provided to the customer will be the same as set forth in 3 above.
CATEGORY C
SOFTWARE is provided on an 'as is' basis. Any software services, if available, will be provided at the then current charges.
DIGITAL shall have the right to make additional charges for any additional effort required to provide services resulting from
customer use of other than current unaltered release of the SOFTWARE operated in accordance with the SPD.