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EK-0LA50-RM-002

March 1983

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Document:	LA50 Printer Programmer Reference Manual
Order Number:	EK-0LA50-RM
Revision:	002
Pages:	80
Original Filename:	http://bitsavers.org/pdf/dec/printer/la50/EK-0LA50-RM-002_LA50_Printer_Programmer_Reference_Manual_Mar83.pdf

OCR Text

EK-OLASO-RM-002

LASO Printer
Programmer Reference Manual

EK-OLASO-RM-002

LASO Printer
Programmer Reference Manual

Prepared by Educational Services
of
Digital Equipment Corporation

1st Edition, August 1982
2nd Edition, March 1983

Copyright© 1982, 1983 by Digital Equipment Corporation
All Rights Reserved
The reproduction of this material, in part or whole, is strictly prohibited. For
copy information, contact the Educational Services Department, Digital
Equipment Corporation, Maynard, Massachusetts 01754.
The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Digital
Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors that may
appear in this document.

Notice: This equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy. It has
been type tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B computing
device in accordance with the specifications in Subpart J of Part 15 of FCC
Rules, which are designed to provide reasonable protection against radio and
television interference in a residential installation. However, there is no
guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this
equipment does cause interference to radio or television reception, the user is
encouraged to try to correct the interference.

Printed in U.S.A

The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard,
Massachusetts.

DEC
DECUS
DIGITAL
Digital Logo
PDP
UNIBUS
VAX
OS/8

DECnet
DECsystem-10
DECSYSTEM-20
DECwriter
DIBOL
EduSystem
OMNIBUS

IAS
MASS BUS
PDT
RSTS
RSX
VMS

CONTENTS

CHAPTER1
1.1
1.1.1
1.1.2
1.1.3
1.2

CHAPTER 2

2.1
2.1.1
2.1.1.1
2.1.1.2
2.1.1.3
2.1.1.4
2.1.1.5
2.1.1.6
2.1.1.7
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.3

FEATURES
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Text Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Graphic Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LA50 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1
2
2
2
2

COMMUNICATIONS
Data Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interface Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receive Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Send Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Terminal Ready .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .
Request to Send . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ready/Busy .. . . .. .. .. . .. . .. . .. . .. .. .. .. . .. .. . . ..
Protective Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Signal Ground...................................
Data Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Input Buffer........................................
XON/XOFF Protocol . .. .. .. . .. . . .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. . ..
Ready/Busy Protocol . . . . . .. .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .
Data Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
8
8

iii

CONTENTS

CHAPTER3
3.1
3.2
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2:3
3.2.4
3.2.5
3.2.6
3.3
3.3.1
3.3.2
3.3.3
3.3.4
3.3.5
3.3.6

CHAPTER4
4.1
4.1.1
4.1.2
4.1.3
4.2
4.3
CHA.PTER 5
5.1
5.2
5.2.1
5.2.2
5.2.3
5.2.4
5.2.5
5.2.6

PRINTER CONFIGURATION
General .............................................. 11
Front Panel Indicators and Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Ready Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
FAULT Indicator ................................... 12
POWER Indicator .................................. 12
READY Switch . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 12
LINE FEED Switch ................................. 12
FORM FEED Switch . . . . . .. . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Configuration Switches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
National Character Set Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Graphics Aspect Ratio Switch SW1-5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
XON/XOFF and Ready/Busy Protocol
Switches SW1 -6 and SW1 -7 . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Right Margin Switch SW1 -8 . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Baud Rate Select Switches
SW2-1, SW2-2, SW2-3 ................. : .. . .. . . . . . . 16
Data Format Switches
SW2-4, SW2-5, SW2-6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
TEXT MODE CHARACTER PROCESSING
Text Mode Character Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Active Column and Active Line .................... 19
Horizontal Advance Increment ..................... 21
Vertical Advance Increment ........................ 21
Printable Characters ................................. 21
Control Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
ESCAPE AND CONTROL SEQUENCES
General .............................................. 27
Escape and Control Sequences ...................... 28
Partial Line Paper Motion ......................... 29
Horizontal Pitch Selection ......................... 29
Vertical Pitch Selection ........................ .- ... 32
Page Length Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Character Set Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Printing Density Selection ......................... 36

CONTENTS

5.2.7
5.2.8
5.2.9
5.2.10
5.2.11
5.2.12
5.3
5.3.1
5.3.2
5.3.3
5.3.4
5.3.5
5.3.6

Selection of Bold and Underlined Printing ......... 38
Product Identification .............................. 40
Printer Status Request ............................ 41
Printer Status .Report ... ,, .......................... 42
Escape Sequences with 8-bit Equivalents ......... 44
Entering and Exiting Graphic and Text Mode ....... 44
Graphic Mode .·. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Graphic Control Characters ........................ 46
Graphic Carriage Return ........................... 46
Graphic New Line . : ............................... 46
Repeat Sequence ................................. 46
Graphic Substitute ................................. 47
State After Exiting Graphic Mode .................. 47

APPENDIX A

CHARACTER SET CHARTS

APPENDIX B

ESCAPE SEQUENCE SUMMARY

FIGURES
2-1
3-1
3-2
3-3
4-1
5-1
5-2

Serial Character Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Front Panel Controls and Indicators .................. 11
LA50 Printer Configuration Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Changing Switch Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
ASCII Chart .......................................... 20
Changing Horizontal Pitch ........................... 30
Changing Vertical Pitch .............................. 33

TABLES
2-1
3-1
3-2
4-1
4-2
5-1
5-2
A-1
A-2
A-3

Printer Interface Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Character Set Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Character Set Switch Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Text Mode ANSI Control Characters ................. 22
Text Mode ANSI Control Characters ................. 23
Active Character Set Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Character Set Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
ASCII Character Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
VT100 Special Graphic Character Set ................ 51
Finnish Character Set ................................ 52

CONTENTS

A-4
A-5

A-6
A-7
A-8
A-9

A-10
A-11
A-12
A-13
A-14

French Character Set ................................ 53
French Canadian Character Set ...................... 54
German Character Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Italian Character Set ................................. 56
Japanese (JIS Roman) Character Set ................ 57
Katakana Character Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Multinational Character Set .......................... 59
Norwegian/Danish Character Set .................... 60
Spanish Character Set ............................... 61
Swedish Character Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
United Kingdom Character Set ....................... 63

FEATURES

1.1 GENERAL
The LASO is a compact, dot matrix, serial printer. It was designed for use in
personal computer systems, office workstations, and small-sized business
computer systems.
The printer is available in four models.
LASO-RA - 120 V
LASO-RB - 220 V
LASO-RC - 240 V
LASO-RD - 100 V
The printer has an input buffer capacity of 2047 characters.
The LASO receives characters and commands through an asynchronous serial
interface. The interface operates at any of several selectable baud rates up to
4800 baud.
The paper feed mechanism is able to move paper both forward and reverse.
The printhead is mounted on a carriage that scans horizontally across the
paper. The printer is capable of bidirectional printing with automatic print direction determination. The ribbon is in a disposable cartridge.
The printer operates in either of two fundamental modes: text mode or graphic
mode. In text mode, characters define the functions and character symbols usually associated with alphanumeric printers. In graphic mode, characters d~fine a
single column of 6 dots to be printed, not an entire character image as in text
mode.

FEATURES

1.1.1 Text Mode
In text mode, the printer uses a 9-element impact dot matrix printhead to print
characters in an 8-dot character cell at 100 characters per second. Lines of 80,
96, or 132 characters can be selected to print in the 8-inch wide print region. An
enhanced printing mode is available that allows more fully formed characters to
be printed in a 16-dot character cell at 50 characters per second.
1.1.2 Graphic Mode
In graphic mode the LASO allows the programmer to print graphic images by
sending data that controls the dot printing elements individually.
1.1.3 LASO Features
The following are the main features of the LASO.

•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Compact size suitable for desk-top location
ASCII and multinational character set
VT100 special graphics character set
Katakana character set for Japan
Standard escape and control sequences
Graphic image printing
Enhanced printing
High reliability
Light weight
Low cost

1.2 SPECIFICATIONS
The following are the specifications for the LASO.

Print method

Incremental with bidirectional
lookahead

Print speed

100 characters/second (7 x 9 matrix
printing)
44 lines/minute (80 columns printed
per line)

Character format
(including intercharacter
space)

7 x 9 matrix at full speed
13 x 9 matrix at half speed

FEATURES

Horizontal pitch of 10,
12, 5, 6 characters/inch

Bold, underline, or enhanced
density with the following
restrictions:
1. No enhanced printing when using
VT100 or Katakana character sets
2. Bold and enhanced density cannot
be used at the same time

Horizontal pitch of 8.25
characters/inch

Bold, underline (no enhanced
density)

Horizontal pitch of
16.5 characters/inch

Underline (no bold, no enhanced
density)

Graphic mode

144 or 180 dots/inch horizontal
72 dots/inch vertical
2 to 1 or 2-1 /2 to 1 aspect ratio

Characters

94 ASCII
81 multinational
63 JIS Katakana
27 VT1 00 special graphics
1 error indicator

Character pitch

Compressed font - 1.6.5
characters/inch, 132 characters/line
Double width - 8.25
characters/inch, 66 characters/line
Elite pitch -12 characters/inch,
96 characters/line
Double width -- 6 characters/inch,
48 characters/line
Pica pitch -10 characters/inch, 80
characters/line

FEATURES

Double width - S characters/inch,
40 characters/line
Line spacing

12, 8, 6, 4, 3, or 2 lines/inch
Partial line up and down, 1/12 inch

Line feed speed

6 lines/inch at 100 ms/line

Form dimensions

Single sheets: 3 to 9 inches wide

Form thickness

Up to 0.011 inches, up to 3-part
form

Paper feed method

Friction feed and sprocket/pin feed

Form loading

From rear-top

Ribbon cassette

Operator installable

Power requirements

LASO-RA 120 (104 - 128) Vac
LASO-RB 220 (191 - 23S) Vac
LASO-RC 240 (208 - 2S6) Vac
LASO-RD 100 ( 90 - 110) Vac
47 to 63 Hz

Power consumption

Less than 180 W

Weight

8.S Kg (18.7 lb)

Dimensions

400 mm (W) x 29S mm (D) x 142 mm (H)
(16 in x 11.8 in x 5.6 in)

Data interface

Serial RS232-C and RS423 EIA
Standard

COMMUNICATION

2.1 DATA INTERFACE
The LASO data interface is RS-232C and RS-423 compatible. It does not include
an interface cable but does include a 25-position plug mounted on the rear of
the cabinet. The printer contains the following interface signals listed in Table
2-1 for connection to an interface cable.
2.1.1 Interface Signals
The following paragraphs describe these interface signals.
2.1.1.1
line.

Receive Data - The printer receives serial encoded characters on this

Table 2-1 Printer Interface Signals
Function

Direction

RS-232 Mnemonic

Receive data
Send data
Terminal ready
Request to send
Busy or ready
Protective ground
Signal gro'und

To printer
From printer
From printer
From printer
From printer
From printer
Common

BB
BA
CD
CA

2
20
4
11

1
7

COMMUNICATION

2.1.1.2 Send Data - The printer sends serial encoded characters on this line.
Although the bit rate within a character may be up to 4800 bits per second, the
character transmission rate from printer to host for any two characters does not
exceed 100 characters per second.
The printer, when transmitting to the host, always includes one stop bit with
each character.
2.1.1.3 Terminal Ready-The printer sends signals on the Terminal Ready line
which indicate the readiness of the printer to send and receive data. When this
signal is ON the printer is capable of sending and receiving data. When this signal is OFF the printer is not ready for communication.
The terminal is ready to send and receive data after it completes its power-up
initializations, and remains ready to communicate indefinitely.
2.1.1.4 Request to Send - The printer maintains the Request to Send line in
the ON condition indefinitely.
2.1.1.5 Ready/Busy - This line carries the Busy/Ready signal, depending on
the setting of the Ready/Busy Polarity switch. The printer is unable to receive
characters if this signal is in the 'Busy' state and is able to receive characters if
this signal is in the 'Ready' state.
2.1.1.6 Protective Ground - This line is connected via removable jumper into
the chassis ground of the printer. The chassis is further connected to external
grounds through the third wire of the power line cord.
2.1.1.7 Signal Ground - This line establishes the common ground reference
potential for all other interface circuits.
2.2 DATA SYNCHRONIZATION
Data synchronization with the printer is attained by an input buffer used in conjunction with either the XON/XOFF protocol or the Ready/Busy protocol,
depending on ~he position of the protocol switch.

COMMUNICATION

2.2.1 Input Buffer
All characters received, except nulls and deletes, are temporarily stored in an
input buffer before further processing. Nulls and deletes are ignored and do not
occupy space in the input buffer. The input buffer has a 2047 character
capacity.
If the printer falls too far behind the incoming data, the input buffer overflows
and data is lost. If characters are lost due to input buffer overflow, a single substitute control character (octal 032) is placed in the input buffer at the point of
loss. If a character is received with a parity error, the character is replaced in the
input buffer by the substitute control character (octal 032) thus causing the error
character (reverse question mark) to be printed. The 032 control character, thus
indicates loss of characters, or a character received with parity error.
When the printer is capable of printing, characters are fetched from the input
buffer and printed or otherwise processed as required. When the printer is
incapable of printing, the printer scans the input buffer for printer status request
control sequences even if the input buffer is full.
2.2.2 XON/XOFF Protocol
Using the XON/XOFF protocol, the data source becomes synchronized with the
printer as described below.
After successfully powering up and becoming enabled to send, the printer
sends an XON control character and constantly monitors the number of empty
character positions in the input buffer. When the number is less than 128, the
printer sends an XOFF control character, signaling the data source to temporarily stop sending data. Meanwhile, the printer continues to take characters from
the input buffer and print or otherwise process them. When the number of
empty positions in the buffer exceeds 224, the printer sends an XON control
character, thus signaling that transmission may resume.
The printer also sends an XOFF control character when it is not ready due to
error conditions or operator actions. Running out of paper or detecting a printhead position failure causes an XOFF control character to be sent. The operator
actions of opening the cover or placing the printer off-line also cause an XOFF
control character to be sent.

COMMUNICATION

The printer sends an XON control character whenever an XOFF state is present, and all of the following conditions are true.
• The printer is ready.
• All fault conditions are cleared.
• There are more than 224 empty positions for characters in the input buffer.

NOTE: At power up, an XOFF state is assumed.
The printer sends an XOFF control character whenever an XON state is present, and any of the following conditions is true.
• The printer is not ready.
• A fault condition occurs.
• There are less than 128 empty positions for characters in the input buffer.
The printer sends an extra XOFF control character if more than 64 characters
have been received since the first XOFF control character has been sent.
2.2.3 Ready /Busy Protocol

The Ready/Busy protocol is functionally the same as the XON/XOFF protocol.
However, instead of sending an XOFF control character, the printer places the
Ready/Busy signal in the Busy state, and instead of sending an XON control
character, the printer places the Ready/Busy signal in the Ready state.

2.3 DATA TRANSMISSION
The LASO printer communicates using serial characters. The serial character
format used must be the same character format used by the computer. Serial
characters are transmitted using a start bit, 7 or 8 data bits, an optional parity bit
and 1 or more stop bits (Figure 2-1 ). The number of bits and the polarity of the
parity (even or old) is switch selectable. Parity errors can be detected for either
polarity.

COMMUNICATION

IDLE
STATE OF

START BIT OF
NEW CHARACTER
70R8

-r

DATA BITS
SPACE+
"MARK"

t
START
BIT

.,. -

.... -

.J. -

~ -

_. I

L~OB I 01 I 02 I 03 I 04 I 05 I 06 I MSB I

ONE BIT
TIME=
ONE/
BAUD RATE

.J. -

..L /

m[TOP
BIT

..l

WHEN
OPTIONAL RETURN TO IDLE
8-BIT
PARITY
STATE OF LINE
CHARACTERS
BIT
ARE USED
ath BIT=O
MA-7815A

Figure 2-1

Serial Character Format

PRINTER CONFIGURATION

3.1 GENERAL
\
This chapter describes the LASO configuration switches located in the front of
the printer under the access cover. There are two switch packs with eight slide
switches in each pack. The switches are used to configure the:
•
•
•
•
•
•

National character sets
Graphics aspect ratio
XON/XOFF and ROY /BUSY protocol
Right margin
Baud rate
Data format.

Additional information regarding these items is included in subsequent
chapters.
3.2 FRONT PANEL INDICATORS AND SWITCHES
The following indicators and switches are on the front panel of the LASO (Figure
3-1).

mamaoma

READY

D FAULTD POWERD

J
MA-10,017

Figure 3-1

Front Panel Controls and Indicators
11

PRINTER CONFIGURATION

3.2. 1 READY Indicator
The green READY light indicates the operating state of the printer. The light ·is
on when the printer is ready to print or is printing. The light is off when the printer is not ready and will not start.
3.2.2 FAULT Indicator
The red FAULT light blinks when the printer detects an electronic fault. It stays
on when the printer is out of paper.
3.2.3 POWER Indicator
The green POWER light is on when power is applied to the printer.
3.2.4 READY Switch
The READY switch controls the operating state of the printer. Pressing the
switch alternately puts the printer in the Ready or Not Ready state. Observe the
READY light to determine the state of operation.
3.2.5 LINE FEED Switch
Pressing the LINE FEED switch advances the paper one line.
3.2.6 FORM FEED Switch
Pressing the FORM FEED switch advances the paper one full sheet.

3.3 CONFIGURATION SWITCHES
The configuration switches are set for printer use with DIGITAL systems. They
are located under the access cover (Figure 3-2).
The switch positions can be changed by sliding the tab with a ballpoint pen or
equivalent (Figure 3-3).
The rest of this chapter describes the switch positions for the system
configurations.

PRINTER CO NFIGURATION

Figure 3-2

LASO Printer Conf1guration
.
Switches

Figure 3-3 Changing Switch
.
Positions

"""·~"

PRINTER CONFIGURATION

3.3.1
National Character Set Switches
The national character set switches are des·ignated SW1-1 through SW1-4.
These switches are initially set to the United States position (all four switches
open). The United States position is correct for many DIG ITAL systems around
the world, since it makes the ASCII, VT100 special graphics, and the
multinational character sets available. In an 8-bit environment, no change in
switch settings is necessary.
For those systems that do not have multinational capability, the character set
switches may be set to match the national character set of the system.
Table 3-1 shows the character sets associated with GO through G3 for each
country. Table 3-2 shows the associated switch positions for that country. For
example, if Britain is selected, SW1-1 is closed, and SW1-2, SW1-3, and SW1-4
are open. With this switch selection, GO is the British character set, G1 is the
VT100 character set, G2 is the multinational character set and G3 is the ASCII
character set. With four switch settings, there are 16 possible combinations.
Only 11 are shown in Tables 3-1 and 3.:.2. The remaining combinations of switch
settings are equivalent to the United States position.

3.3.2 Graphics Aspect Ratio Switch SW1-5
Switch SW1 -5 changes the horizontal to vertical dot ratio in graphic mode by
changing the number of horizontal dots per inch. The number of vertical dots is
kept constant at 72 dots per inch.
Ratio
2to1*
2.5to1

Horizontal Dots/Inch
144
180

SW1-5 Switch Position
Open
Closed

3.3.3 XON/XOFF and Ready/Busy Protocol Switches SW1-6 and SW1-7
DIGITAL systems use the XON/XOFF protocol. Other systems may require the
Ready/Busy protocol. Switch SW1-6 selects the XON/XOFF or Ready/Busy
protocol as shown in the SW1-6 chart below. If the Ready/Busy protocol is
selected the polarity of the Busy or Ready signal is shown in the SW1 -7 chart
below.
SW1-6 Position
Open*
Closed
* Initial setting

Protocol
XON/XOFF
Ready/Busy

PRINTER CONFIGURATION

Table 3-1

Character Set Selection

Nation

United States
ASCII
VT100
Britain
VT100
British
Finland
Finnish
VT100
VT100
French
France
VT100
French Canada
French Canadian
VT100
Germany
German
Italy
Italian
VT100
Japan
JIS Roman
Katakana
Norway/Denmark Norwegian/Danish VT100
VT100
Spanish
Spain
VT100
Sweden
Swedish

Multinational
Multinational
Multinational
Multinational
Multinational
Multinational
Multinational
Katakana
Multinational
Multinational
Multinational

ASCII
ASCII
ASCII
ASCII
ASCII
ASCII
ASCII
ASCII
ASCII
ASCII
ASCII

Table 3-2 Character Set Switch Positions

Nation

Switch Positions
SW1-1 · SW1-2

SW1-3

SW1-4

United States
Britain
Finland
France
Fench Canada
Germany
Italy
Japan
Norway /Denmark
Spain
Sweden

Open
Closed
Open
Closed
Open
Closed
Open
Closed
Open
Closed
Open

Open
Open
Open
Open
Closed
Closed
Closed
Closed
Open
Open
Open

Open Factory Setting
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
Closed
Closed
Closed

Open
Open
Closed
Closed
Open
Open
Closed
Closed
Open
Open
Closed

----...

PRINTER CONFIGURATION

SW1-7 Position
Open*

Signal Condition
Busy= high
Ready=low
Busy=low
Ready=high

Closed

3.3.4 Right Margin Switch SW1-8
Switch SW1 -8 selects the method of controlling a line of characters that exceed
the 8-inch line of print. If set to truncate, the printer is limited to printing the first
8 inches of characters. It drops the remaining characters. If set to wrap, the
printer prints the remaining characters on the next line.
Selection
Truncate*
Wrap

Switch Position
Open
Closed

3.3.5 Baud Rate Select Switches SW2-1, SW2-2, SW2-3
These switches select the speed (bits per second) at which the printer communicates with the computer.

Baud Rate

Switch Positions
SW2-1
SW2-2

SW2-3

4800*
2400
1200
600
300
200
110

Open
Open
Open
Closed
Closed
Closed
Closed

Open
Open
Closed
Open
Closed
Open
Closed

* Initial setting

Open
Closed
Closed
Open
Open
Closed
Closed

PRINTER CONFIGURATION

3.3.6 Data Format Switches SW2-4, SW2-5, SW2-6
These switches select the data format to enable communication with the
computer.

Data Format

Switch Position
SW2-5
SW2-4

SW2-6

7 bits plus odd parity
7 bits plus even parity
7 bits plus 8th bit mark
7 bits plus 8th bit space
8 bits plus odd parity
8 bits plus even parity
8 bits, no parity*

Open
Closed
Open
Closed
Open
Closed
Open

Closed
Closed
Closed
Closed
Open
Open
Open

* Initial setting

Closed
Closed
Open
Open
Closed
Closed
Open

TEXT MODE
CHARACTER PROCESSl.NG

4.1 TEXT MODE CHARACTER PROCESSING
This chapter describes the terminal's response to characters received while
the printer is operating in text mode.
The terminal processes characters in accordance with the American National
Standards Institute (ANSI) standards X3.4-1977. The ANSI system of character
processing is based on the category (printable or control) of a character in the
American National Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) chart
(Figure 4-1 ). The category of a character is determined by the character's position in the ASCII chart. In the eight column chart, columns 0 and 1 contain the
control characters while the rest of the chart contains printable characters
(except for SP and DEL). The printer is capable of printing from 14 different
character sets which are described in Chapter 5. SP and DEL are always the
same control characters regardless of the character set selected.
NOTE: The space character can be considered either an information separator
control character or a printable character. It can be considered a printable character because it takes up space in the terminal memory and on the paper when
printed.

The following paragraphs describe the terminal response to both printable
characters and control characters while operating in text mode.
4.1.1 Active Column and Active Line
Active column is the, column where the next character is to be printed. Active
line is the line where the next character is to be printed. Column and line numbers begin with one, not zero. Printed characters usually increment the active
column. Linefeeds, vertical tabs, and form feeds increment the active line.
19

TEXT MODE CHARACTER PROCESS I NG

0
0

BITS.--

1
1

0
1

1
1

COLUMN

1
OLE

84 83 82 81 ROW

0
0
0
1
1
1

NUL

SOH

STX

2
2
2

ETX

EOT

1 0

ENO

3
3
3
4
4
4
5
5
5

20
16
10

2
SP

3
40
32
20

60
48
30
61
49
31

100
64
40

120
80
50

101
65
41

121
81
51

140
96
60
141
97
61

160
112
70

161
113
71

DC1
(XONI

21
17
11

41
33
21

DC2

22
18
12

42
34
22

62
50
32

102
66
42

122
82
52

142
98
62

162
114
72

DC3

23
19
13

43
35
23

63
51
33

103
67
43

123
83
53

143
99
63

163
115
73

DC4

24
20
14

44
36
24

64
52
34

104
68
44

124
84
54

144
100
64

164
116
74

NAK

25
21
15

45
37
25

65
53
35

105
69
45

125
85
55

145
101
65

165
117
75

46
38
26
47
39
27

66
54
36

126
86
56

146
102
66

166
118
76

67
55
37

106
70
46
107
71
47

127
87
57

147
103
67

50
40
28

130
88
58

150
104
68

167
119
77
170
120
78

151
105
69

152
106
6A

(XOFFI

ACK

6
6
6

SYN

26
22
16

BEL

7
7
7

ETB

27
23
17

10
8
8

CAN

30
24
18

(

110

72
48

171
121
79
172
122
7A

11
9
9

31
25
19

)

51
41
29

71
57
39

111
73
49

131
89
59

12
10
A

SUB

32
26
lA

52
42
2A

112
74
4A

132
90
5A

13
11
8

ESC

33
27
18

53
43
28

;

73
59
38

113
75
48

[

133
91
58

153
107
68

{

173
123
78

14
12

34
28
lC

54
44
2C

74
60
3C

114
76
4C

174
124
7C

35
29
10

55
45
2D

75
61
30

115
77
40

154
108
6C
155
109
60

15
13
D

134
92
5C
135
93
50

}

175
125
7D

16
14
E

36
30
1E

56
46
2E

76
62
3E

116
78
4E

17
15
F

37
31
1F

77
63
3F

117
79
4F

c
1

1 0

KEY
ASCII CHARACTER

Figure 4-1

ESC

OCTAL

DECIMAL

HEX

ASCII Chart

57
47
2F

58
3A

136
94
5E
137
95
5F

m
n
0

156
110
6E
157
111
6F

DEL

176
126
7E
177
127
7F

TEXT MODE CHARACTER PROCESSING

The active column and active line are collectively known as active position.
Active position is only loosely linked to the physical position of the printer carriage and paper mechanism. In general, the active column is only recorded
when a character is actually printed. Any previous history of active column values is insignificant.
4. 1.2 Horizontal Advance Increment
Horizontal advance increment (HAI) is a unit equal to the width of a column. The
printer allows HAI values of 1/5 inch, 1/6 inch, 1/8.25 inch, 1/10 inch, 1/12 inch,
and 1/16.5 inch. Column numbers begin with one and are measured in units of
HAI. Column numbers do not have fractional components.

4.1.3 Vertical Advance Increment
The vertical advance increment (VA) is the unit of distance between lines. The
printer allows VAi values of 1/2 inch, 1/3 inch, 1/4 inch, 1/6 inch, 1/8 inch, and
1 /12 inch. Line numbers begin with one and are measured in units of VAi. Line
numbers may have fractional components if the vertical pitch changes within a
page.
4.2 PRINTABLE CHARACTERS
In text mode, printable ASCII characters are printed as they are received by the
terminal. If the active column is not greater than the right margin, each received
character is printed and the active column is incremented.

NOTE: The actual characters printed depend on the printable character set
designated. Refer to the printable character sets in Chapter 5 and Appendix A
for more detail.
Each printable or space character increases the active column by one unit of
HAI. Characters in the octal range of 041 - 176 a·re normally interpreted as
printable characters. If the active position is within the printable region, each
printable character or space character prints and the active column increases
as required. If the previous character was printed at the rightmost position and
a printable or space character is received, one of two actions occurs, depending on the setting of the right margin switch. If the right margin switch is set to
truncate, the character is ignored. If the right margin switch is set to wrap, an
automatic carriage return and line feed occurs before printing the character.
4.3 CONTROL CHARACTERS
A control character is a single character function whose occurrence in a particular context starts, modifies, or stops a control function. Control functions are
characters that provide control of the printing and processing of characters.
Control functions are not printed.

TEXT MODE CHARACTER PROCESS I NG

Tables 4-1 and 4-2 list the control characters recognized by the terminal and the
mnemonic and the function performed by the control character when operating
in text mode. All other control characters received by the terminal cause no
action.

NOTE: Each control function listed in this chapter is assigned a mnemonic.
The mnemonic is an abbreviation of the control function name.

Table 4-1 Text Mode ANSI Control Characters
Printer Control Functions
Octal Code

Mnemonic

Function

010
011
012
013
014
015

BS
HT
LF
VT
FF
CR

Backspace
Horizontal tab
Line feed
Vertical tab
Form feed
Carriage return

Character Set Control Functions
Octal Code

Mnemonic

Function

016
017

SO
SI

Shift out
Shift in

Communication Control Functions
Octal Code

Mnemonic

Function

000
030
032
033

NUL
CAN
SUB
ESC
DEL

Null
Cancel
Substitute
Escape
Delete

177

The printer ignores all other ASCII control characters.

TEXT MODE CHARACTER PROCESSING

Table 4-2 Text Mode ANSI Control Characters

Name

Mnemonic

Octal
Code

Backspace

010

Backspace decreases active
column by one unit of HAI.
If the active column is at
the leftmost position, the
backspace character is
ignored.

Horizontal
tabs

011

A horizontal tab is a
preselected point on a line to
which the printhead advances
when a horizontal tab (HT)
control character is received.
The printer has fixed
horizontal tab stops every
eight units of HAI. Tab stops
are associated with column
numbers, not physical
positions on the paper. Thus,
changing horizontal pitch also
changes the physical position
of tab stops.
When no tab exists to the
right of the active column,
the right margin switch
setting takes precedence. If
this switch is set to wrap,
the printer executes an
automatic carriage return and
a line feed. If the switch is
set to truncate, the active
column is set to beyond the
rightmost print column. This
causes the printer to ignore
characters until the active
column returns to within the
printable region.

Function

TEXT MODE CHARACTER PROCESSING

Table 4-2 Text Mode ANSI Control Characters (Cont)

Name

Mnemonic

Octal
Code

Line feed

012

Line feed advances active line
by one unit of VAi. If less
than one unit of VAi remains
unprinted on the page before
execution of the Line Feed,
then the line feed character
sets the active line to the
uppermost position on the next
page.

Vertical
tab

013

Vertical tab functions the
same as line feed.

Form feed

014

Form f~ed advances the active
line to the uppermost position
on the next page.

Carriage
return

015

Carriage return returns the
active column to the leftmost
position.

Shift out

016

Shift out selects the G1
character set as the active
character set. For additional
information, refer to Chapter
5.

Shift in

017

Shift in selects the GO
character set as the active
characer set. For additional
information, refer to Chapter
5.

Function

TEXT MODE CHARACTER PROCESSING

Table 4-2 Text Mode ANSI Control Characters (Cont)

Name

Mnemonic

Octal
Code

Null
Delete

NUL
DEL

177

Cancel

CAN

030

Cancel immediately ends any
escape or control sequence.

Substitute

SUB

032

Substitute immediately ends
any escape or control
sequence. The character is
interpreted as being in place
of a character or characters
received in error. In text
mode, the s~bstitute character
is printed as the error
character (reverse question
mark).

Escape

ESC

033

Escape introduces an escape
sequence. Refer to Chapter 5.

000

Function

The null and delete
characters may be used for
timing. They cause no
operation in the printer, and
are different from ignored
characters in that they are
stripped from the data stream
upon reception without
occupying space in the input
buffer.

ESCAPE AND CONTROL
SEQU.ENCES

5.1 GENERAL
The LASO uses escape sequences standardized by the American National
Standards Institute (ANSI) to control many of its features. For the LASO features
that lack an ANSI standard escape sequence, additional escape sequences
have been defined and are within the extensions permitted by the ANSI system.
ANSI has established a flexible and comprehensive system for transmitting format and editing information. The system can be used with printing terminals like
the LASO as well as with video terminals and printers. The system has the following important advantages.
1. It is well defined and well documented. This greatly decreases the chances
of incompatible implementations and aids in achieving device independence in output.
2. It has ample provisions for future extensions without sacrificing compatibility with older programs. The syntax used in ANSI controls allows a large
number of new controls to be added with little difficulty.
3. It is compatible with all the frequently used communication protocols. In
contrast, many other systems use control codes that are reserved for
communication functions. In these other systems, codes used for line
turnaround, disconnect and synchronization get confused with those used
to send parameter values.

ESCAPE AND CONTROL SEQUENCES

4. It has a flexible parameter passing convention that allows single parameters, multiple parameters, and default parameters. For example, in the
graphic rendition escape sequence, the single parameter ESC [ 0 m
causes bold and underline to be disabled; the multiple parameter ESC [ 1 ;
4 m causes bold and underline to be enabled; and ESC [ n (no parameter
included) uses the default parameter of 0 which is understood.

5.2 ESCAPE AND CONTROL SEQUENCES
Using the escape sequences described in this chapter, the programmer can
control the following LASO features.
• Partial line paper motion
• Horizontal pitch selection
• Vertical pitch selection
• Page length selection .
• Character set selection
• Printing density selection
• Bold and underline selection
• Product identification
• Printer status request
• Printer status report
• Graphic mode
The escape sequences allow expansion of the control functions beyond the
current limit of the 32 control characters. For compatibility, certain control character positions are left blank where the LASO does not perform the function
associated with that control character.
Control functions that require parameters are always invoked by control
sequences. For example, setting horizontal pitch is invoked by a control
sequence since the pitch can be set to S, 6, 8.2S, 10, 12, or 16.S, characters per
inch.
The escape and control sequences are described in the following paragraphs. A
summary of these sequences is provided in Appendix 8.
Examples of the escape sequences use the ASCII character and the octal
equivalent. For example, in the partial line down escape sequence ESC K (033
113), the K is the ASCII character and the 033 113 is the octal code for the ESC
and K, respectively.

ESCAPE AND CONTROL SEQUENCES

5.2.1 Partial Line Paper Motion
The following sequences cause partial line paper motion.
Partial Line Down (PLO)

ESC K
033 113
The above sequence moves paper forward (upward) 1/12 inch.

Partial Line Up (PLU)

ESC L
033 114
The above sequence moves paper reverse (downward) 1/12 inch.
The PLO and PLU sequences do not modify active line. Unless an equal number
of PLU and PLO sequences are sent to the printer, the page boundary reference
will have changed. Thus, PLO and PLU sequences may be used for remote
adjustment of the form position, such as for modifying the top-of-form position.

5.2.2 Horizontal Pitch Selection
When the horizontal pitch changes, the printer converts the active column to the
new horizontal pitch. The computation may yield a fractional component that is
rounded up to the next integer so that all printing is on the column grid for the
selected pitch. A variable amount of white space is included in the line. at the
point of horizontal pitch change.
As an example, consider a horizontal pitch of 10 characters per inch in a line
that is to be converted to a horizontal pitch of 12 characters per inch. The pitch
is to be changed after the third character is printed (Figure 5-1 ).

ESCAPE AND CONTROL SEQUENCES

I· 1 2 3 41 INCH6 7 8 9 ·I
A B C
10 CHARACTERS/INCH
I I
5

I
I

I
I
I

I
I
I
I
I

I I I lo EIF G HI I IK 12 CHARACTERS/INCH
-11--FRACTIONAL COMPONENT

NEW ACTIVE COLUMN
MA-10,085

Figure 5-1

Changing Horizontal Pitch

The following formula determines the precise location of active column when
the horizontal pitch is changed.
Newcol = 1 + ( Newpitch x (Oldcol-1) )
Old pitch
where

Newcol
Newpitch
Oldcol
Oldpitch

= the new active column
=the new pitch in characters/inch
= the old active column
=the old pitch in characters/inch

The division performed above is integer division wherein any non-zero remainder rounds the quotient up to the next higher integer.
Changing horizontal pitch sets the rightmost position for printing to the specified maximum column and sets the single- or double- width attribute of characters as follows.

ESCAPE AND CONTROL SEQUENCES

Horizontal Pitch

Maximum Column

Width

10
12
16.5
5
6
8.25

80
96
132
40
48
66

Single
Single
Single
Double
Double
Double

Double-width characters are considered to be one column wide, not two columns wide. Therefore, tab stops are every eight double-width columns in
double-width pitches, and double-width characters are printed on a doublewidth grid.
The following sequences select single-width printing and set the horizontal
pitch.
Set Horizontal Pitch (DECSHORP)

ESC [
0
w
033133 060 167

ESC [
1
w
033 133 061 167

Either of the above sequences sets horizontal pitch to 1Ocharacters/inch
(HAI = 1/10 inch).

ESC [
2 w
033133 062 167
This sequence sets horizontal pitch to 12 characters/inch (HAI = 1/12 inch).

ESC [
4 w
033133 064 167
This sequence sets horizontal pitch to 16.5 characters/inch (HAI = 1/16.5 inch).

ESCAPE AND CONTROL SEQUENCES

The following sequences select double-width printing and set the horizontal
,
pitch.
Set Horizontal Pitch (DECSHORP)

ESC [

033133 065 167
The above sequence sets horizontal pitch to 5 characters/inch (HAI = 1/5 inch).

6
w
033133 066 167

ESC [

The above sequence sets horizontal pitch to 6 characters/inch (HAI = 1/6 inch).

ESC [

033133 070 167
The above sequence sets horizontal pitch to 8.25 characters/inch (HAI =
1/8.25 inch).
5.2.3 Vertical ,Pitch Selection
When the vertical pitch changes, no paper motion occurs,. and the printer converts the active line to the new vertical pitch. The computation may yield a fractional component which is retained.
For example, assume a vertical pitch of 5 lines per inch is to be changed to a
vertical pitch of 6 lines per inch as shown in Figure 5-2.
Note that the fractional component of vertical pitch occurs at the end of the
page because there is no paper motion during change of vertical pitch. This is
unlike the change of horizontal pitch where the fractional component occurs at
the point where the pitch is changed.

ESCAPE AND CONTROL SEQUENCES

5 LINES
PER INCH

I
T

-1

B
-2

6 LINES
PER INCH

-1

-2
-3

-3 -----4

-4

-5

...:.16
- 5-----iFRACTIONAL COMPONENT
MA-10,086

Figure 5-2 Changing Vertical Pitch

The following sequences set the vertical pitch.
Set Vertical Pitch (DECVERP)

ESC [
0 z
033 133 061 172

ESC [
1
z
033 133 061 172

Either of the above sequences sets vertical pitch to 6 lines/inch (VAi = 1/6 inch).

ESC [
2
z
033133 062 172
The above sequence sets vertical pitch to 8 lines/inch (VAi = 1/8 inch).

ESC [
3
z
033133 063 172
The above sequences sets vertical pitch to 12 lines/inch (VAi = 1/12 inch).

ESCAPE AND CONTROL SEQUENCES

ESC [
4
z
033133 064 172
The above sequence sets vertical pitch to 2 lines/inch (VAi = 1/2 inch).

ESC [
5
z
033133 065 172
The above sequence sets vertical pitch to 3 lines/inch (VAi = 1/3 inch).

ESC [
6
z
033133 066 172
The above sequence sets vertical pitch to 4 lines/inch (VAi = 1/4 inch).

5.2.4 Page Length Selection
At power-up time, the page length is set to 11 inches, corresponding to 66 lines
with the default vertical spacing.
The page length command sets the page length in inches. This is accomplished
by providing a parameter representing the number of lines per page from 0 to
252. To calculate the desired parameter, (Pn) use the following equation.
Parameter (lines/page)= desired page length (inch/page)

x current vertical pitch (lines/inch)
The following chart gives the required parameter values for a small selection of
page lengths as a function of vertical pitch.
Length
in
Inches

Vertical Pitch Selected

11
14

22
28

33
42

44
56

66
84

88
112

132
168

ESCAPE AND CONTROL SEQUENCES

The page length can be set to any length from 1/12 inch per page to 21 inches
per page in VAi units at the current vertical pitch. Or, if the.page length is set to
zero, the printer has no paging - all form feed characters are equivalent to line
feed characters.
If the desired page length exceeds 21 inches then the printer sets the page
length to 21 inches.
The following sequence sets the page length.
Set Page Length (DECSLPP)

ESC [
Pn
033 133 ***

t
164

The above sequence sets active line to top-of-form position and sets page
length to Pn units of current VAi.
5.2.5 Character Set Selection
The normal mode of the printer is text mode. In text mode, the printer is capable
of printing the 94 printable characters of the ASCII character set, the 81 additional characters of the multinational character set, the 63 additional characters
of the JIS Katakana character set, the 27 additional characters of the VT100
special graphic character set, and the error character, which is a reverse question mark.

The 266 different characters are grouped into the 14 character sets in Appendix
A. Each character set contains 94 characters. Many of the 266 characters
appear in several character sets.
The printer is considered to be in 7-bit mode if the number of data Qits has been
set to 7 (refer to Chapter 3). In 7-bit mode, all characters are printed from the GL
character set.
The printer is considered to be in 8-bit mode if the number of data bits has been
set to 8 (refer to Chapter 3). In 8-bit mode all characters are printed from the GL
character set if the eighth bit is 0 or from the GR set if the eighth bit is 1. The
advantage of 8-bit mode is that two character sets (one in GL and one in GR)
can be resident simultaneously.

ESCAPE AND CONTROL SEQUENCES

A set of commands cause the GL and GR sets to select one of four intermediate
pointers, GO through G3. These pointers can be set to provide access to any of
the 14 available character sets. Table 5-1 lists the commands and designate
how the pointers select the GL or GR set. For example, the LS2 command
causes the GL set to select the character set assigned to G2 and the LSR1 command causes the GR set to select the character set assigned to G1.
The character set escape sequences assign the character sets to the pointers
as shown in Table 5-2.
5.2.6 Printing Density Selection
The following sequences select the printing density.
Select Density (DECDEN)

ESC [
0
z
033 133 060 042 172

ESC [
1
z
033133 061 042 172

Either of the above sequences selects normal density printing.

ESC [
2
z
033 133 062 042 172
The above sequence selects enhanced density printing.
Enhanced density and bold printing cannot be performed at the same time. If
both are specified, enhanced density takes precedence. Exceptions to this are
as follows.
1. 16.5 characters/inch - Neither enhanced density nor bold can be printed.
2. 8.25 characters/inch - Bold printing prints and enhanced density does not.
3. VT100 - Bold printing prints and enhanced density does not.
4. Katakana - Bold printing prints and enhanced density does not.
5. Graphics - Neither enhanced density nor bold printing print.

ESCAPE AND CONTROL SEQUENCES . 37

Table 5-1

Active Character Set Selection

Escape
Command Mnemonic Sequence

GLSet

Shift in

CTRL/0

GR Set

(017 octai)
Shift out

CTRL/N
(016 octal)

Single
shift 2

SS2

ESC N
033116

G2*

Single
shift 3

SS3

ESC 0
033117

G3*

Locking
shift 2

LS2

ESC n
033156

Locking
shift 3

LS3

ESC o
033157

Locking
shift 1
right

LS1R

ESC-033 176

Locking
shift 2
right

LS2R

ESC J
033175

Locking
shift 3
right

LS3R

ESC I
033174

* A special case is the SS2 (single shift 2) and SS3 (single shift 3) commands. When

these commands are given, the next character printed is selected from the G2 or G3
set respectively, regardless of ttie setting of the eighth bit. After this single character,
printing continues from the GL or GR set. The locking shift commands (LS2, LS3,
LS1 R, LS2R, or LS3R) remain in effect until another locking shift is received.

ESCAPE AND CONTROL SEQUENCES

Table 5-2 Character Set Selection
GO

Character Set

ESC( B
ESC(A
ESC(S
ESC(C
ESC( R
ESC(9
ESC(Q
ESC(K
ESC(Y
ESC(J
ESC( I
ESC(6
ESC( E
ESC(Z
ESC(7
ESC(H
ESC( <
ESC(O

ESC)B
ESC)A
ESC)5
ESC)C
ESC) R
ESC)9
ESC)Q
ESC)K
ESC)Y
ESC)J
ESC) I
ESC)6
ESC) E
ESC)Z
ESC)7
ESC) H
ESC)<
ESC)O

ESC*B
ESC*A
ESC*5
ESC*C
ESC*R
ESC*9
ESC*Q
ESC*K
ESC*Y
ESC*J
ESC*I
ESC*6
ESC*E
ESC*Z
ESC*7
ESC*H
ESC*<
ESC*O

ESC+B
ESC+A
ESC+5
ESC+C
ESC+R
ESC+9
ESC+Q
ESC+K
ESC+Y
ESC+J
ESC+I
ESC+6
ESC+E
ESC+Z
ESC+7
ESC+H
ESC+<
ESC+O

ASCII
Britain
Finland
Finland
France
French Canada
French Canada
Germany
Italy
JIS Roman
JIS Katakana
Norway/Denmark
Norway/Denmark
Spain
Sweden
Sweden
Multinational
VT100 Special
Graphics

If enhanced density is in effect or is selected while one of the above modes is in
effect, the printer retains the enhanced density attribute in memory, but ignores
it and prints in normal density. Subsequent selection of a mode that supports
enhanced density printing causes the retained attribute to become active.
5.2. 7 Selection of Bold and Underlined Printing

The following sequences select bold or underline as specified by the parameters (Pn). All following printable characters are rendered according to these
parameters until the next selection. Parameters are evaluated from left to right.

ESCAPE AND CONTROL SEQUENCES

Select Graphic Rendition (SGR)

ESC [
Pn
033 133 *** 073

Pn
***

m
155

Pn= 0
060
When Pn equals 0, the above sequence turns off bold printing and turns off
underline printing.

Pn = 1
061
When Pn equals 1, the above sequence turns on bold printing.

Pn= 4
064
When Pn equals 4, the above sequence turns on underlined printing.

Pn=2 2

062 062
When Pn equals 22, the above sequence turns off bold printing.

Pn=2

062 064
WhQn Pn Qt"Jual~ 24. the above sequence turns off underlined printing.

NOTE: Any other parameter values received in the sequence are ignored, but
do not invalidate the sequence. That is, the parameter values of 0, 1, 4, 22, and
24 may be specified along with other values not applicable to the printer.

ESCAPE AND CONTROL SEQUENCES

Enhanced density and bold printing cannot be performed at the same time. If
both are specified, enhanced density takes precedence. Exceptions to this are
as follows.
1. 16.5 characters/inch - Neither enhanced density or bold can be printed.

2. 8.25 characters/inch - Bold printing prints and enhanced density does not.
3. VT100 - Bold printing prints and enhanced density does not.

4. Katakana - Bold printing prints and enhanced density does not.
5. Graphics - Neither enhanced density nor bold printing prints.
If the bold attribute is in effect or is selected while the printer is in one of the
above modes, the printer retains the bold density attribute in memory, but
ignores it and prints with bold printing off. Subsequent selection of a mode that
supports the bold printing causes the retained attribute to become active.
5.2.8 Product Identification
The printer automatically sends an answer to a request for device attributes
sequence. The following sequences cause the printer to send its product identification sequence.
Device Attribute (DA)

ESC [
c
033133143

ESC
0
c
033133 060 143

The printer sends

ESC [
?
1
7
c
033 133 077 061 067 143
which forms the product identification of the printer.

ESCAPE AND CONTROL SEQUENCES

5.2.9 Printer Status Request
The printer automatically sends an answer to a device status request sequence.
The answer sent is in the form of a Device Status Report (see Paragraph
5.2.10). The following sequences control printer status reports and enable or
disable unsolicited reports.
Device Status Request (DSR)

ESC [
033 133

n
156

ESC [
033 133

0
060

n
156

Upon receiving either of the above sequences, the printer sends an extended
status report.

ESC [
033 133

077

061

n
156

Receipt of the above sequence disables all unsolicited status reports.

ESC [
033 133

?
077

2
062

n
156

Receipt of the above sequence enables unsolicited brief status reports and the
printer sends an extended status report.

ESC [
033 133

077

063

n
156

Receipt of the above sequence enables unsolicited extended status reports and
the printer sends an extended status report.

ESCAPE AND CONTROL SEQUENCES

5.2.10 Printer Status Report
The printer is capable of sending brief and extended status reports. The reports
may be solicited or unsolicited. Unsolicited reports, if enabled, are sent when
any reportable status condition changes state. Unsolicited status reports are
initially disabled. The following illustrates the specific formats and contents of
the brief and extended printer status reports.
Device Status Report (Brief Report) (DSR)

0
n
033 133 060 156

ESC [

The above sequence indicates that no malfunction was detected.

3
n
033 133 063 156

ESC [

The above sequence indicates that a malfunction was detected.
Device Status Report (Extended Report) (DSR)

ESC [

033 133 060 156
followed by

? 2 0 n
033 133 077 062 060 156

ESC [

The above sequence indicates that no malfunction was detected.

ESCAPE AND CONTROL SEQUENCES

ESC [
3
n
033 133 063 156
followed by

ESC [
? Pn
033 133 077 *** 073

*** 156

The above sequence indicates that a malfunction was detected. Pn may be any
valid combination of the following values.

Failure

1
2
062 061

Hardware failure

2
2
062 062

Communication failure
(event)

2
3
062 063

Input buffer overflow
(event)

2
4
062 064

Printer deselected

2
6
062 066

Cover open

2
7
062 067

Paper empty

The only reportable hardware failure is printhead position failure.
Communication failure may be parity or framing error or receipt of an erroneous
character. Failures designated as events are reset upon sending an extended
report, and are reportable only when they occur - not when they are reset.

ESCAPE AND CONTROL SEQUENCES

5.2.11 Escape Sequences with 8-bit Equivalents
In 7-bit mode, there are 34 possible control characters as shown in columns 0
and 1, the SP in column 2 and the DEL in column 7 (refer to Figure 4-1 ).
Not all of these control characters are used by the LASO. The control characters
used are shown in Appendix A.
Two character escape sequences from ESC @ (033 100) to ESC _ (033 137)
can be replaced by an equivalent control character from 200a to 237a in 8-bit
mode. These 8-bit control characters are mapped on a 1-to-1 basis with the
two-character escape sequences.
For example, the ESC K (033 113a) sequence for partial line down can be
invoked in 8-bit mode by a control character of 213a. The control character
causes the data to be compressed, since only one character, rather than two, is
required. Another example is the ESC L (033 114) sequence for partial line up
which can be replaced by a control character of 214a in 8-bit mode.
5.2.12 Entering and Exiting Graphic and Text Mode
Graphic mode provides a means for selectively printing individual dot patterns,
rather than predefined characters from the character set table.
The ESC P q (033 120 161) escape sequence is used for entering graphic mode.
If an ESC Pis sent, the LASO looks for a lowercase q. If it receives a digit (60 to
71 a) it ignores the digit and looks for the lowercase q. When it receives the
lowercase q, it enters graphic mode.
The following escape sequences cause the printer to enter a null state.

ESC 033 137
ESC ]
03313S
ESC A
033136

ESCAPE AND CONTROL SEQUENCES 45

The above escape sequences are for compatibility with future software which
may assign significance to these sequences. In the null state, the printer
ignores everything until a substitue (SUB), cancel (CAN), or escape (ESC) control character is received, or until an ESC \ (033 134) escape sequence in 7-bit
mode or a 220 (octal) control character in 8-bit mode is received. With the
exception of the SUB character, any of these conditions will cause an exit from
graphics mode to text mode or from the null state to text mode. If the printer
receives a SUB character in graphic mode, it causes one column of no dots
(graphic space) to be printed and the printer does not enter text mode.
The preferred exit from graphic mode to text mode is via the ESC \ escape
sequence, or the 220 control character.

5.3 GRAPHIC MODE
In graphic mode, the graphic patterns are specified by sending characters in
the range of 077 to 176 octal to the printer. Each of these 64 possible
characters specifies a unique pattern formed by the upper six dots of the
printhead. The bottom three dots are not used.
The pattern printed is determined by subtracting an offset of 077 octal from
the octal value of the character. The result is an octal number with a binary
equivalent. Where there is a 1 in the binary number, a dot is printed. The result
is read from top to bottom with the least significant bit being at the top.
For example, if the character"@" (100 octal) is sent to the printer, only the top
dot will be printed.
100 octal
-77 octal (offset)
01 octal or

000 001 binary

Least significant digit

o
0
0

If an attempt is made to print past the rightmost position, the printer automatically executes a graphic new line.

ESCAPE AND CONTROL SEQUENCES

5.3.1 Graphic Control Characters
Graphic control characters are characters in the octal range of 040 - 076.
Characters not assigned are ignored. The others are processed as follows.
Octal
Code

ASCII
Symbol

Action
Performed

041
044
055

Repeat introducer
Graphic carriage return
Graphic new line

5.3.2 Graphic Carriage Return
The graphic carriage return character "$" (octal 044) causes the carriage to
move back to the position where the first graphic character was printed after
entering graphic mode. This feature allows you to overprint lines of graphic data
starting at the same horizontal position.
5.3.3 Graphic New Line
The graphic new line character"-" (octal 055) causes the carriage to move back
as with graphic carriage return, and moves the paper forward (upward) 1/12
inch. This feature allows printing consecutives lines of graphic data starting at
the same horizontal position.
5.3.4 Repeat Sequence
The following is a repeat sequence.

<repeat introducer> <numeric parameter> <printable character>
The repeat introducer is the graphic control character"!" (octal 041).
The numeric parameter specifies the number of times to print the character that
follows. The numeric parameter is a string of characters in the octal range of
060 - 071 which is evaluated as a decimal number. If a numeric parameter is not
received, or a parameter evaluates as 0, a value of one is assumed. If the
parameter evaluates to a value larger than 65535, a value of 65535 is assumed.
All decimal digits shall be processed as part of the count.

ESCAPE AND CONTROL SEQUENCES

The printable character (a character in the octal range of 077 to 176) is printed
as many times as specified by the numeric parameter-count. A repeat sequence
has the same effect as receiving the printable character that. number of times.
All printable characters end the repeat sequence processing and start the
printing.
All other characters received during a repeat sequence are processed as usual
except for the substitute control character, which is treated the same as a
graphic space character.
The following examples illustrate the repeat sequence.
Repeat Sequence

Function

1 0 ?
041 061 060 077

Repeat ten graphic spaces.

6
@
041 066 100

Repeat six patterns of top dot only.

5.3.5 Graphic Substitute
The substitute character is interpreted as being in place of a character or characters received in error. In graphic mode, it is considered to be a graphic space.
If a repeat sequence is being processed, the processing is cancelled and the
number of graphic spaces required by the repeat count is printed. The printer
remains in graphic mode.
5.3.6 State After Exiting Graphic Mode
After an exit condition is met, the printer has the following state.

Horizontal position is the same as just before entering graphic mode.
Horizontal pitch is the same as just before entering graphic mode.
Vertical position is modified according to the control characters received
while in graphic mode.
Vertical pitch is the same as just before entering graphic mode.

CHARACTER SET CHARTS

APPENDICES

Table A-1

ASCII Character Set

0
0

BITS.--

COLUMN

1
1
1

2
2
2

3
3
3

DC1
(XON)

DC3

(XOFF)

142
98
62

162
114
72

103
67
43

123

143
99
63

163
115
73

104

124
84
54

144
100
64

164
116
74

125
85
55

145
101
65

165
117
75

126

146
102
66

166
118
76

102
66
42

43
35
23

63
51
33

64
52
34

83
53

66
54
36

106
70

7
7
7

27
23
17

47
39
27

67
55
37

107
71
47

127
87
57

147
103
67

167
119

30
24
18

(

50
40
28

70
.56
38

110

130
88
58

150
104
68

170
120
78

31
25
19

)

51.
41
29

71
57
39

111
73
49

131
89
59

151
105
69

32
26
lA

52
42
2A

72
58
3A

112
74
4A

132

152
106
6A

33
27
18

53
43
28

;

73
59
38

113

[

133
91
58

153
107
68

{

173
123
78

54
44
2C

74
60
3C

114
76
4C

174
124
7C

55
45

75
61
30

115

]

154
108
6C
155
109
60

134
92
5C
135
93
50

}

175
125
70

76
62
3E

11
9
9

12
10
A

SUB
ESC

13
11
8

14
12

122
82
52

62
50
32

46
38
26

161
113
71

26
22
16

6
6
6

10
8
8

141
97
61

101
65
41

65
53
35

121
81
51

61
49
31

160
112
70

120
80
50

45
37
25

23
19
13

140
96
60

100
64
40

25
21
15

42
34
22

44
105
69
45

1
0

24
20
14

41
33
21

4
60
48

4
4
4
5
5
5

21
17
11
18
12

1
0

3
40
32
20

0
1

2
20
16
10

1
0

1
0
0
0

1
1

NUL

84 83 82 81 ROW

0
0

CAN

36
24

34
28
lC

15
13
D

35
29
10

16
14
E

17
15
F

37
31
1F

57
47
2F

63
3F

72
48

75
48

86
56

90
5A

40
116
78
4E

117
79
4F

136

m
n

5E
137
95
5F

156
110
6E
157
111
6F

DEL

171
121
79
172
122
7A

176
126
7E
177
127
7F

KEY
3
3
ASCllCHARACTEREm$C
OCTAL
27
DECIMAL
18

HEX

THIS CHART ASSUMES CHARACTER SET IS LOADED INTO Gt.. IF CHARACTER SET IS
LOADED INTO GR (8-BIT MODE ONLY), ADD 200 TO THE OCTAL VALUE, 128 TO THE
DECIMAL VALUE AND 80 TO THE HEX VALUE, TO SELECT THE CHARACTER FOR
PRINTING.

APPENDICES

Table A-2

VT100 Special Graphic Character Set

B7
B6
B5

BITS

COLUMN

B4 B3 B2 B1 ROW

2
20
16
10

NUL
DC1
(XON)

DC3

(XOFF)

40
32
20

41
33
21

21
17
11

60
48
30

100
64
40

61
49
31

101
65
41

22
18
12

42
34
22

62
50
32

102
66
42

23
19
13

43
35
23

63
51
33

103

44
36
24

64
52
34

104
68
44

67
43

24
20
14

25
21
15

45
37
25

65
53
35

105
69
45

26
22
16

46
38
26

66
54
36

27
23
17

47
39
27

67
55
37

106
70
46
107
71
47

10
8
8

30
24
18

50
40
28

70
56
38

110
72
48

11
9

31
25
19

51
41
29

71
57
39

111
73
49

12
10
A

SUB

32
26
1A

52
42
2A

72
58
3A

112
74
4A

13
11
B

ESC

33
27
18

53
43
28

73
59
38

113
75
48

14
12

CAN

34
28
1C

54
44
2C

74
60
3C

114
76
4C

15
13
0

35
29
10

55
45

75
61
30

115
77
4D

56
46
2E

76
62
3E

116
78
4E

57
47
2F

117
79
4F

16
14

36
30
1E

17
15

37
31
1F

63
3F

KEV
ASCII CHARACTER

ESC

OCTAL

DECIMAL

HEX

rii!!!l!i!i!lii!ii!l ~~~~L~G:CiiS DIFFERENCES

THIS CHART ASSUMES CHARACTER SET IS LOADED INTO GL. IF CHARACTER SET IS
LOADED INTO GR (8-BIT MODE ONLY), ADD 200 TO THE OCTAL VALUE, 128 TO THE
DECIMAL VALUE AND 80 TO THE HEX VALUE, TO SELECT THE CHARACTER FOR
PRINTING.

APPENDICES

Table A-3 Finnish Character Set

87
86
85

BITS
.---

COLUMN

84 83 82 81 ROW

DC1

2
20
16
10

NUL
IXONI

DC3
IXOFFJ

22
18
12

42
34

23
19
13

24
20
14

25
21
15

26
22

LF
VT

FF
CR

CAN

8
8
11
9

SUB

12
10
A

ESC

13
11

141
97
61

122
82
52

142

123

143

63
51
33

103

64
52
34

65
53
35

66
42
67
43
104

83
53

125
85
55

106
70
46

126

67
55
37

107
71
47

127

110
72
48

130

111
73

31
25
19

51
41
29

56
38
71
57

52
42
2A

72
58
3A

53
43
28

34
28

15
13

29
1D

45
2D

36
30
1E

56
46

59
38

44
2C

112
74
4A

g
h

86
56
87
57

131

89
59

90
5A

145
101
65

165
117

146
102
66

166
118
76

147

167
119
77
170
120
78

103
67

151
105

154

75
61
3D

76
62
3E

77
63

n
117
79

137
95

150
104
68

163
115
73
164
116
74

100

153
107
68

144

152
106
6A

132

162
114
72

74
60
3C

161
113
71

2E
57
47
2F

105

160
112
70

46
38
26
47
27

124
84
54

54
36

140

120
80
50

45
37
25

37
31
1F

121
81
51

43
35
23

17
15

102

14
12

101
65
41

27
18

16
14

62
50
32

36
24

50
40
28

5
100
64
40

D
1

30
24
18

32
26
1A

60
48
30

27
23
17

41
33
·21

21
17
11

3
40
32
20

108
6C

155
109

171

121
79
172

122
7A
173
123
78
174
124
7C

175
125
7D

156
110
6E

176
126
7E

~;~ DEL

177
127

KEY
ASCII CHARACTER

ESC

OCTAL

DECIMAL

HEX

------

1:-:=::::::::::::il

~~~~L~~~~IS DIFFERENCES

APPENDICES

Table A-4 French Character Set

86
B5

BITS

r---

COLUMN

B4 B3 B2 Bl ROW

NUL

2
0

20
16

DC1

(XON)

32
20
41

61
49

42
34
22

2
3

(XOFFl

62
50
32

63
51

33
0

24
20
14

25
21
15

%
&

36
24

45
37
25

26
22
16

27
23
17

30
24
18

50
40
28

31
25
19

51
41
29

CAN

8
8
9
12
10
A

SUB

32
26
1A

13
11

ESC

FF
CR

so
SI

27
1B

66
54
36
67

55
70
56
71
57

59
38

54
44

15
13

35
29
1D

55
45

D
16
14

36
30

17
15

57
47

102
66
42

103

67
43
104

105

122

82
52

126

127

130

131

110

111
73
49

112

162
114
72

142

98
143

100
145
101
65

165
117
75

146
102

166
118
76

167
119

170

147
103
67
150

104
68

132
90
5A

74
60
3C

75
61

77
120
78

171

152
106
6A

172

151
105

89
59

163
115
73
164
116
74

144

161
113
71

160
112
70

87
57

141

125
85
55

107

121
81
51

106

72
48

124
84
54

45
70
46

140

123
83
53

6
120

121

122
7A

2D
56

101
65
41

43
28

34
28

58
3A

52
34

52
42

14
12

38
26

5
p

DC3

3
40

17
11
22
18
12

>
?

76
62
3E

116
78
4E

77
63

117
79
4F

136
94
5E
137
95
5F

n
0

~~~ DEL

177
127

61'

KEY
ASCII CHARACTER

ESC

OCTAL

DECIMAL

HEX

APPENDICES

Table A~S French Canadian Character Set

86
85

BITS

COLUMN

r---

84 83 82 81 ROW

1 0

DC1

IXONI

DC3

IXOFFI

40
32
20

21
17
11

41
33
21

22
18
12

43
35

13
24

20
14
25
21

CAN

8
8

11
9
9

12
10
A

SUB
ESC

42
34

67
43

65
53

105
69

66
54

106

107

110

111
73

112

27
50
40
28

51
41

72
58

53
43

13
11

33
27
18

14
12

34
28

35
29
10

57
47
2F

75
61

76
62

77
63
3F

121
81
51

141

122
82

123

161
113
71

142

162

114

144

164

100

116

125

145

126

146

127

102
66
147

130

131

151

89
59

105

132

152

106
6A

85
55

87
57

88
58

91
58

114

115
77
40

93
50

116

136

94
5E

117

133

124
84
54

75
48

160
112
70

143

113

72
48

71
47

'{::;:,,,,.;::::::\:

20
56

46
2E

74
60

70
46

1E
31
1F

70
56

38
71

17
15

52
42

36
30

68
44

~g ~!: j!!flt!&!!i 1:~

30
24
18

104

46
26

102

3!)

103

52
34

101
65
41

o/o

16
14
E

62
50

25
19

13
D

44
36

64
40

5
100

63
51

27
23

32
26
lA

15
26

2
20
16

NUL

g
h

101
65

103
67
150

104
68

163

115

165

117
75

166

167
119
77
170

x
y

118
76

120
78

171
121
79
172
122

153
107
68

173
123

134
92
5C

154

174

108
6C

124

135

155
109
60

175

137
95

7C
125

156

176

110

126

~;~ DEL

177

127

KEY
ASCII CHARACTER

___
ESC

OCTAL

DECIMAL

....

_.__
18

HEX

APPENDICES

Table A-6 German Character Set

0
0

BITS, - -

COLUMN

0
0
0

NUL

1
1
1

2
2
2

3
3
3

DC1
IXONI

DC3

IXOFF)

0
1

1
1

40
32
20

60
46
30

21
17
11

41
33
21

61
49
31

22
18
12

42
34
22

23
19
13

43
35
23

0
0

2
20
16
10

1
0

0
1

84 B3 B2 61 ROW

0
0

1
1

100
64
40

120
BO
50

140
96
60

160
112
70

101
65
4.1

121
81
51

141
97
61

161
113
71

62
50
32

102
66
42

122
82
52

142
98
62

162
114
72

63
51
33

103
67
43

123
83
53

143
99
63

163
115
73

4
4
4
5
5
5

24
20
14

44
36
24

64
52
34

104
68
44

124
84
54

144
100
64

164
116
74

25
21
15

45
37
25

65
53
35

105
69
45

125
85
55

145
101
65

165
117
75

6
6
6

26
22
16

46
38
26

66
54
36

106
70
46

126
86
56

146
102
66

166
118
76

27
23
17

47
39
27

67
55
37

107
71
47

127

7
7
7

147
103
67

10
8
8

30
24
18

(

50
40
28

70
56
38

110
72
48

130
88
58

150
104
68

167
119
77
170
120
78

11
9
9

31
25
19

)

51
41
29

71
57
39

111
73
49

131
89
59

151
105
69

12
10
A

SUB

32
26
1A

52
42
2A

72
58
3A

112
74
4A

132
90
5A

ESC

33
27
16

53
43
2B

;

73
59
36

113

54
44
2C

74
60
3C

55
45

56
46
2E

57
47
2F

CAN

13
11
B

14
12

34
28
1C

15
13
D

35
29
10

16
14
E

36
30
1E

17
15
F

37
31
1F

87
57

122
7A

173
123
76

134
92
5C

174
124
7C

135
93
50

154
108
6C
155
109
60

175
125
70

136
94
5E

156
110
6E

176
126
7E

137
95
5F

75
46

114
76
4C

75
61
30

115
77
40

76
62
3E

116
78
4E

77
63
3F

117
79
4F

171
121
79
172

153
107
66

133
91
56

152
106
6A

157
111
6F

DEL

177
121
7F

KEV
ASCII CHARACTER

ESC

...._

OCTAL

DECIMAL

16 ..... HEX
......__

APPENDICES

Table A-7 Italian Character Set

87
B6

BITS

COLUMN

B4 B3 B2 Bl ROW

DC1
(XONI

DC3
(XOFFJ

23
19
13

11
9

CAN

KEY
ASCII CHARACTER

143
63

64
52
34

104

124
84
54,

144
100
64

164
116
74

65
53

105

125

145

126

36
24

67
43

68
44
69

106
70
46
107
71
47

67
55
37

50
40
28

110

51
41

111
73

56
38
71
57

39
72
58

43
2B

113

28
lC

44
2C

15
13
D

35
29

55
45

16
14

56
46
2E

17
15

57
47
2F

74
60
3C

75
61
30

76
62
3E

77
63
3F

101
65

146
102

130

131

151

89
59

105
69

132

87
57

88
58

171

172

154

115
77

135

155

156
110

79
4F

94
5E

137
95
5F

117

166
118
76

170
120
78

134

114
76
4C

136

165
117
75

150
104

153
107
6B

116
78
4E

115

167
119

93
50

163

147
103
67

133
91
5B

92
5C

162
114

152
106
6A

75
48

127

49
112
74
4A

85
55

52
42
2A

83
53

HEX

161

113
71

123

OCTAL
DECIMAL

103

30
24
18

141

63
51

43
35
23

27
lB

Emsc

121

142

101
65
41

160
112
70

122
82
52

27
23
17

ESC

96
60

102
66
42

120

62
50
32

45
37
25

SUB

32
26
lA

12
10

5
100
64
40

42
34
22

25
21

25
19

60
4B
30

49
31

26
22
16

24
20
14

15
0

40
32
20
41
33
21

21
17
11
22

2
20
16
10

NUL

121

79
122
7A

108
6C
109
60

157
111
6F

THIS CHART ASSUMES CHARACTER SET IS LOADED l!'ITO GL. IF CHARACTER SET IS
LOADED INTO GR (8-BIT MODE ONLY), ADD 200 TO THE OCTAL VALUE, 128 TO THE
DECIMAL VALUE AND 80 TO THE HEX VALUE, TO SELECT THE CHARACTER FOR
PRINTING.

APPENDICES

Table A-8 Japanese (JIS Roman) Character Set

0
0

BITS.----

COLUMN

NUL

0
0

3
3

4
4

DC1
(XON)

2
2
2

DC3
(XOFF)

23
19

61
49
31

42
34
22

62
50
32

43
35

160
112
70

121
81
51

141
97
61

161
113
71

122
82
52

142

162

123

143
99
63

163
115
73

124
84
54

144

164
116
74

125
85
55

145
101
65

165
117

146
102
66

166
118
76

147

167
119

102
66
42

63
51
33

103

104

23
44

101
65
41

64
40

67
43

83
53

98
62

114

45
37
25

65
53
35

105
69
45

66
54
36

106

126

6
6

26
22
16

7
7
7

27
23
17

47
39
27

107
71
47

127

30
24
18

(

50
40
28

110

150
104
68

130
88
58

170
120
78

)

51
41
29

71
57
39

111
73
49

131
89
59

151
105
69

171

52
42
2A

72
58
3A

112
74
4A

132

172

53
43
28

;

73
59
38

113

[

133
9i
58

{

173
123
78

54
44
2C

114
76
4C

[IIIt

134
92
5C

174

55
45
2D

75
61
3D

115
77
4D

}

175
125
7D

56
46
2E

76
62
3E

116
78
4E

57
47
2F

117

10
8
8

11
9
9

12
10
A

SUB

32
26
1A

13
11
8

ESC

33
27
18

14
12

41
33
21

140
96
60

120
80
50

25
21
15

5
5

22
18
12

6
1

5
100

1
0

24
20
14

5
1

21
17
11

60
48
30

1
0

3
40
32
20

1
1
1

0
1

2
20
16

1
0

0
1

84 83 82 81 ROW

0
0

CAN

31
25
19

34
28
1C

15
13
D

35
29
1D

16
14
E

36
30
1E

17
15
F

37
31
1F

36
24

38
26

52
34

55
37
70

60
3C

63
3F

68
44

70
46

75
48

79
4F

86
56
87
57

90
5A

100
64

103
67

152
106
6A

153

154

135
93
SD

155
109
6D

136
94
5E

156
110
6E

157
111

DEL

itfo;:JJf:~;~

137
95
5F

107
68
108
6C

121
79
122
7A

124
7C

176
126
7E
177
127
7F

KEV
ASCII CHARACTER

ESC
..._

OCTAL

DECIMAL

18 ..... HEX
...__

APPENDICES

Table A-9 Katakana Character Set

0
0

BITS,....---

COLUMN

0
0
0

DC1
(XON)

21
17
11

40
32
20

60
48
30

41
33
21

61
49
31

"f-

101
65
41

164
116
74

105
69
45

125
85
55

145
101
65

165
117
75
166
118
76

5
5
5

25
21
15

•

45
37
25

65
53
35

)

6
6
6

26
22
16

46
38
26

66
54
36

7
7
7

27
2J
17

47
J9
27

67
55
J7

JO
24
18

50
40
28

51
41
29

J1
25
19

11
9
9

12
10
A

SUB

J2
26
1A

ESC

3J
27
18

163
115
73

144
100
64

1 0

143
99
63

124
84
54

24
20
14

103
67
43

4
4
4

52
42
2A

7t"

5J
4J
28

J4
28
lC

54
44
2C

15
lJ
D

35
29
lD

.1.

16
14
E

36
30
1E

17
15
F

J7
Jl
1F

162
114
72

104
68
44

142
98
62

64
52
34

122
82
52

102
66
42

44
36
24

161
113
71

3
3
3

14
12

63
9'1
33

13
11
8

141
97
61

43
35
23

121
81
51

160
112
70

23
19
13

2
2
2

140
96
60

62
50
32

6
120
80
50

--(

CAN

42
34
22

10
8
8

.....
.....

1
0

5
100
64
40

1
0

18
12

DC3
(XOFF)

1
0

2
20
16
10

1
1
1

1
0

NUL

0
1

84 83 82 81 ROW

0
0

KEY

4=1

,..,

70
56
J8
71
57
J9

72
58
JA

-fj

7J
59
J8

126
86
56

146
102
66

127
87
57

147
103
67

110
72
48

130
88
58

150
104
68

111
7J
49

Jl,.,

131
89
59

151
105
69

))

112
74
4A

1J2
llO
5A

152
106
6A

122
7A

1JJ
91
58

153
107
68

173
12J
78

*
t.

11J
75
48

""'..,)

-:;

75
61
JD

56
46
2E

76
62
3E

if\

116
78
4E

57
47
2F

77
63
3F

-:::;

117
79
4F

55
45

83
53

106
70
46
107
71
47

74
60
JC

......

123

114
76
4C
115

77
4D

J
:.J

.
'

1J4
92
5C
1J5
93
5D

~
~

167
119
77
170
120
78
171
121
79
172

154
108
6C
155
109
SD

174
124
7C

175
125
7D

136
94
5E

156
110
6E

176
126
7E

137
95
5F

157
111
6F

DEL

177
127
7F

SUPPLEMENTAL GRAPHIC SET

3
ASCII CHARACTEREJJD$C
J
OCTAL
27
DECIMAL
18

NOTE: ALL PRINT CHARACTERS IN THIS CHARACTER
SET DIFFER FROM THE ASCII CHARACTER SET.

HEX

APPENDICES

Table A-10

Multinational Character Set

0
0

BITS,..--

COLUMN

0
0
0

NUL

1
1
1

2
2
2

3
3
3

4J
35
2J

63
51
33

67
4J

103

122
82
52

142
98
62

123
83
53

161
1 lJ
71

162
114
72

143
99
63

16J
115
7J

164
116
74

25
21
15

45
37
25

65
53
J5

;,.

105
69
45

125
85
55

145
101
65

165
117
75

6
6
6

26
22
16

66
54
J6

126
86
56

146
102
66

166
118
76

7
7
7

27
23
17

•

67
55
37

127
87
57

147
103
67

30
24
18

):::(

50
40
28

70
56
38

110
72
48

130
88
58

150
104
68

Ill

31
25
19

51
41
29

71
57
39

111
73
49

131
89
59

151
105
69

SUB

32
26
lA

52
42
2A

72
58
3A

112
74
4A

132
90
5A

152
106
6A

122
7A

ESC

33
27
18

10
8
8

12
10
A

13
11
B

102
66
42

141
97
61

144
100
64

62
50
J2

121
81
51

124
84
54

23
19
lJ

DC3

(XOFF)

101
65
41

160
112
70

104
68
44

42
34
22

18
12

1 0

61
49
Jl

140
96
60

64
52
34

6
120
80
50

41
JJ
21

44
36
24

5
100
64
40

1
0

21
17
11

4
60
4B
JO

24
20
14

DC1
(XON)

40
J2
20

1
0

2
20
16
10

1
0

4
4
4
5
5
5

11
9
9

1
0

0
1

84 BJ B2 Bl ROW

0
0

CAN

•

106
70
46
107
71
47

((

53
43
28

73
59
J8

113
75
48

J4
28
lC

54
44
2C

114

74
60
JC

114
76
4C

15
13
D

35
29
lD

55
45
2D

75
61
JD

115
77
4D

16
14
E

J6
30
1E

76
62
JE

17
15
F

37
Jl
1F

77
6J
JF

14
12

KEV
ASCII CHARACTER

46
38
26
47
39
27

46
2E

57
47
2F

1
y

116
78
4E
117
79
4F

u
u
0

u
y

167
119
77
170
120
78
171
121
79
172

153
107
68

17J
123
78

1J4
92
5C

154
108
6C

174
124
7C

1J5
93
5D

155
109
6D

175
125

156
110
6E

176
126
7E

·,·

157
111
6F

DEL

177
127
7F

133
91
58

1J6
94
5E

1J7
95
5F

SUPPLEMENTAL GRAPHIC SET

ESC
I

OCTAL

DECIMAL

HEX

NOTE: ALL PRINT CHARACTERS IN THIS CHARACTER
SET DIFFER FROM THE ASCII CHARACTER SET.

MA-10,087

THIS CHART ASSUMES CHARACTER SET IS LOADED INTO GL, IF CHARACTER SET IS
LOADED INTO GR (8-BIT MODE ONLY), ADD 200 TO THE OCTAL VALUE, 128 TO THE
DECIMAL VALUE AND 80 TO THE HEX VALUE, TO SELECT THE CHARACTER FOR
PRINTING,

APPENDICES

Table A-11

Norwegian/Danish Character Set

B7
86
B5

BITS

COLUMN

r-B4 B3 B2 Bl ROW

DC1
IXON)

DC3

IXOFF)

22
18
12

$
%

45
37
25

25
21

1 0

CAN

11
9
9

12
10

13
11

ESC

so
SI

64
52
34

65
53
35

54
36

103
67
43

104

105

106

70
46

51
41
29

71
57
39

111
73

26
33

52
42
2A

53
43
28

44
2C

29
10

45
20

36
30

56
46
2E

lE
37
31

57
47
2F

58
73

122

123

161
113
71

162
114
72

61
142
98

62
143

163

124

144
100

164
116
74

125

145
101
65

165

126
86

146
102

166
118
76

85
55

110
72

130
88

87
57

127

112
74
4A

160
112
70

141

107
71
47

121
81
51

37
70
56

8
9

50
40

63
51

102

30
24
18

17.

62
50
32

47
39
27

14
E

101
65
41

27
23
17

27
18

38
26

25
19.

SUB

43
35
23
44
36
24

24
20

14
0

42
34

13
0

40
32
20
41
33
21

21
17
11

2
20
16
10

NUL

115

117
75

147
103
67

167

150
104

120'

119
77
170

131

151

105

171
121

132

152

106
6A

172
122
7A

74
60
3C

76
62
3E

61
30

77
63
3F

;

~~ :::::::::1:::::::::: ~ ~~

6E :;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;;;:;:;

117
79
4F

137
95
5F

~;; DEL
6F

7E
177
127
7F

KEY
l\SCll CHARACTER

___
ESC

OCTAL

DECIMAL

....__
18 ..... HEX

APPENDICES

Table A-12 Spanish Character Set

0
0

BITSr - -

COLUMN

0
0
0

1
1
1

2
2
2

DC1
(XONI

DC3
(XOFFI

1
0

NUL

0
1

84 83 82 81 ROW

0
0

0
1

40
32
20

60
48
30

21
17
11

41
33
21

61
49
31

22
18
12

42
34
22

23
19
13

43
35
23

24
20
14

44
36
24

20
16
10

3
3
3

1
0

1
1

100
64
40

120
80
50

140
96
60

160
112
70

101
65
41

121
81
51

141
97
61

161
113
71

62
50
32

102
66
42

122
82

142

162
114

63
51
33

103

123

143
99
63

163
115
73

64
52
34

104
68
44

124
84
54

144
100
64

164
116
74

67
43

52
83
53

98
62

4
4
4

5
5
5

25
21
15

45
37
25

65
53
35

105
69
45

125
85
55

145
101
65

165
117
75

6
6
6

26
22
16

66
54
36

106
70
46

126
86
56

146
102
66

166
118
76

47
39
27

67
55
37

107
71
47

147

27
23
17

127

7
7
7

167
119

10
8
8

30
24
18

(

50
40
28

70
56
38

110

130
88
58

150
104
68

77
170
120
78

11
9
9

31
25
19

)

51
41
29

71
57
39

111
73
49

131
89
59

151
105
69

72
58
3A

112
74
4A

132

152
106
6A

CAN

38
26

72
48

87
57

103
67

171
121
79

12
10
A

SUB

32
26
1A

52
42
2A

13
11
8

ESC

33
27
18

53
43
28

;

73
59
38

113

75
48

133
91
58

153
107
68

173
123
78

14
12

54
44
2C

74
60
3C

114
76
4C

134
92
5C

174
124
7C

55
45

75
61
3D

115
77
4D

135
93
5D

154
108
6C
155
109
6D

56
46
2E

76
62
3E

116
78
4E

136
94
5E

57
47
2F

77
63
3F

117
79
4F

34
28
1C

15
13
D

35
29
1D

16
14
E

36
30
1E

17
15
F

37
31
1F

90
5A

137
95
5F

156
110
6E
157
111
6F

DEL

172
122
7A

175
125
7D
176
126
7E
177
127
7F

KEY
ASCII CHARACTER

___ ...
ESC

OCTAL

DECIMAL

...__
18

HEX

APPENDICES

Table A-13 Swedish Character Set

87
B6

BITS
84 83 B2 Bl

COLUMN

ROW,
0

, NUL

DC1

IXONJ

12
0

DC3

IXOFFJ

23
19

11
9

CAN

-,2

11
B

105

46
38
26

66
54

106
10

46
107

50
40

70
56
38

110

111

112
74

30
24
18

67
55

*
+

43
28

59
38

34
28
TC

35
29

37
31
1F

46
2E

57
47
2F

74
60

61
76

62
77
63
3F

124

144

164

145

165
117

166

167
119

77
170
120

84
54
125
85

100
64

101

126

146

86
56

102

127

147

130

131

151

105
69

132

87
57
88
58

150
104

116
74

118

152
106

115
73

114

103

114

133
91

161
113
71

163

113
75
48

143
99
63

61
142

123

72
48

160
112
70

162

122

36
30

54
44
2C
45
20

57
39

81
51

7
140
96
60
141

27
23

33
27

104

65
53
35

ESC

103
67
43

120
BO
50
121

45
37
25

32
26
1A

16
14

SUB

13
0

102

52
42
2A

14
12

101

1E
1

5
100
64
40

c
1

63
51
33

31
25
19

16
0

30
61
49
31

42
34
22
43

24
20

40
32
20
41
33
21

21
17

2
20
16
10

171

172

~21

122
7A

58
134

4C
115
77
40

5C
135

116
78
4E

136

117
79
4F

137

93
50
94

1
m
n

95
5F

~;~ DEL
6F

177
127
7F

KEY
ASCII CHARACTER

ESC

OCTAL

DECIMAL

HEX

~---'--...I

AP PEN DICES

Table A-14

United Kingdom Character Set

0
1

.---

0
0

BITS

1
0

0
1

NUL

0
0
0

1
1
1

2
2
2

3
3
3

DC1
IXON)

DC3

IXOFF)

20
16
10

40
32
20

60
48
30

100
64
40

120
80
50

140
96
60

160
112
70

21
17
11

41
33
21

61
49
31

101
65
41

121
81
51

141
97
61

161
113
71

22
18
12

42
34
22

62
50
32

102
66
42

122
82
52

142
98
62

162
114

43
35
23

63
51
33

103
67
43

123
83
53

143
99
63

163
115
73

23
19
13

4
4
4
5
5
5

24
20
14

44
36
24

64
52
34

104
68
44

124
84
54

144
100
64

164
116
74

25
21
15

45
37
25

65
53
35

105
69
45

125
85
55

145
101
65

165
117
75

6
6
6

26
22
16

46
38
26

66
54
36

126
86
56

146
102
66

166
118
76

7
7
7

27
23
17

47
39
27

67
55
37

106
70
46
107
71
47

127
87
57

147
103
67

167
119
77

50
40
28

70
56
38

130
88
58

150
104
68

170
120
78

111
73
49

131
89
59

151
105
69

112
74
4A

132
90
5A

152
106
6A

171
121
79
172

[

133
91
58

153
107
68

{

173
123
78

134
92
5C
135
93
50

154
108
6C
155
109
60

174
124
7C

}

175
125
70

10
8
8

CAN

30
24
18

(

31
25
19

)

51
41
29

71
57
39

110

72
48

11
9
9

12
10
A

SUB

32
26
lA

52
42
2A

13
11
B

ESC

33
27
18

53
43
28

;

73
59
38

113

14
12

54
44
2C

74
60
3C

114
76
4C

55
45
20

=
>

75
61
30

115

]

76
62
3E

116
78
4E

117
79
4F

1
0

COLUMN

84 83 82 Bl ROW

34
28
1C

15
13
D

35
29
10

16
14
E

36
30
1E

17
15

37
31
1F

56
46
2E

57
47
2F

58
3A

63
3F

75
48

77
40

136
94
5E
137
95
5F

m
n
0

156
110
6E
157
111
6F

DEL

122
7A

176
126
7E
177
121
7F

KEV
ASCII CHARACTER

ESC

OCTAL

DECIMAL

HEX

SUMMARY OF
ESCAPE SEQUENCES
AND SWITCHES

Escape Sequence Summary
Name/Mnemonic

Escape Sequence/Description

Set horizontal pitch
DECSHORP

ESC
033
Pn=

Set vertical pitch
DECVERP

ESC
033
Pn=

w
167

Pn
133
0
10

16.5

8
8.25 CPI

6
4 LPI

z
172

Pn
133
0

6
6

***
3
12

Page length selection
DECSLPP

ESC
033

Pn =Oto 252

Pn (lines/page)= Paper length (inches/page)
X Vertical pitch (lines/inch)

Partial line down
PLO

ESC
033

K
133

Move down 1/2 line (paper up 1/12 inch)

Partial line up
PLU

ESC
033

L
114

Move up 1/2 line (paper down 1/12 inch)

Select density
DEC DEN

ESC
033
Pn =
Pn =

133
0,
2

Select graphic rendition
SGR

Pn
ESC
133
033
Pn = O - Reset
Pn = 1 - Bold on
Pn= 4 - Underline on

133

***

164

z
042
172
Select normal density printing
Select enhanced density printing

,...

073

155

Pn =
Pn=

22 - Bold off
24 - Underline off

APPENDICES

Escape Sequence Summary (Cont)
Name/Mnemonic

Escape Sequence/Description

Device attribute
DA

ESC
c
143
033
133
Sends back identification code
[
?
ESC
1
133
077
033
061

Device status report
DSR

ESC
033
ESC
033
ESC
033

133
[
133
[
133

077

ESC
033

133

Brief status report
(sent back by printer)
DSR

ESC
033
ESC
033

133
[
133

Extended status reports
(sent back by printer)
DSR

ESC
133
033
followed by
[
ESC
133
033
[
ESC
033
133
followed by
ESC
[
033
133

7
067

n
156

c
143
Send extended
status report
Disable all unsolicited
status reports
Enable unsolicited
brief reports and
send extended status
report
Enable unsolicited
extended report and
send extended status
report

061
2
061

n
156
n
156

077

3
063

n
156

0
060
3
063

n
156
n
156

No malfunction
detected
Malfunction detected

0
060

n
156

No malfunction
detected

?
077
3
063

2
062
n
156

077

0
060

n
156
Malfunction detected

,...

073

Pn = 21
Pn = 22
Pn = 23
Pn = 24
Pn = 26
Pn = 27

Hardware failure
Communication failure (event)
.Input buffer overflow (event)
Printer deselected
Cover open
Paper empty

Enter graphics mode

ESC
033
! n
$

p
q
Enter graphics mode
120
161
Repeat introducer, n = 0 to 65535
Graphic carriage return
Graphic new line

Exit graphics mode

ESC
033

\
134

n
156

APPENDICES
Character Set Selection

so
SI
SS2
SS3
LS2
LS3
LS1R
LS2R
LS3R

CTRL/N (016)
CTRL/O (017)
ESC N (033 116)
ESC 0 (033 117)
ESC n (033 156)
ESC o (033 157)
ESC - (033 176)
ESC I (033 175)
ESC I (033 174)

Select GO to be GL
Select G1 to be GL
Select next character from G2
Select next character from G3
Select G2 to be GL
Select G3 to be GL
Select G1 to be GR
Select G2 to be GR
Select G3 to be GR

Assign Character Sets
ESC Gn Ch
Assign set ch to Gn where Gn is
"("=GO
"*" = G2
")" = G1
"+"= G3
and ch is from the list below
8-ASCll
J-JISRoman
A- Britain
I - JIS Katakana
5- Finland*
6 - Norway/Denmark*
C- Finland
E - Norway/Denmark
Z- Spain
R- France
9 - French Canada*
7 - Sweden*
Q - French Canada
H - Sweden
K- Germany
< - Multinational
Y- Italy
O - VT100 Special Graphics
* Preferred
0 = OPEN; C = CLOSED

APPENDICES

Switch Bank 1
Country

US(ASCll)
Britain
Finland
France
French Canada
Germany
Italy
Japan
Norway/Denmark
Spain
Sweden

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

c
c
c

Switch
2

0
0

c
c
c
c

c
c
0
0

c
c

0
0
0

0
0

c
c
c
c

Notes
1. For all countries except Japan:
GO= Selected country, G1 = VT100, G2 = Multinational, and G3 = ASCII.
2. For Japan:
GO= JIS Roman, G1 = Katakana, G2 = Katakana, and G3 = ASCII.
Switch Bank 2
Switch
Baud Rate

4800
2400
1200
600
300
200
110

Data Format
7 Bits + odd parity
7 Bits + even parity
7 Bits+ 8th bit mark
7 Bits + 8th bit space
8 Bits + odd parity
8 Bits + even parity
8 Bits + no parity

0
0
0

0
0

c
c
c
c

c
c
0
0

c
c

Switch Bank 2
Switch
4
5

c
0

c
c
0
0

c
c
c

c
c
c
c

c
c

0
0

APPENDICES

0 = OPEN; C = CLOSED
Switch Bank 1
Aspect Ratio

(Switch 5)

Protocol Switch

(Switch 6)

2:1
2:5.1

XON/XOFF
Ready/Busy

Signal Level

(Switch 7)

Right Margin

(Switch 8)

Busy= Hi: Ready= Lo
Busy = Lo: Ready = Hi

Truncated
Wrap

Power Up Conditions
Printer selected - on-line
Printer status report - disable unsolicited report
Horizontal pitch - 1O c;haracters/inch
Vertical pitch - 6 lines/inch
Page length - 11 inches
Active position - top leftmost position
Bold, underline, double width - off
Printing density- normal
7-bit mode- GL =GO
8-bit mode - GL = GO; GR= G2
Character sets, aspect ratio, protocol, right margin, and data format are selected per switch settings.

Attributes

Vertical Pitch (Characters/Inch)
10
8.25

16.5

Enhanced
Bold
Underline

x
x
x

Maximum characters/line

132

x
x

x
x
x

Prined in Japan
E1-1672 830910000@

Digital Equipment Corporation • Maynard, MA 01754