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Document:	FOCAL Seminar Notes 19720805
Order Number:	XX-63F5F-08
Revision:
Pages:	24
Original Filename:	http://bitsavers.org/pdf/dec/pdp8/focal/focalj/FOCAL_Seminar_Notes_19720805.pdf

OCR Text

/FOCAL SEMINAR NOTES .
/FOCAL SEMINAR NOTES

· /FOCAL SEMINAR NOTES
/
/
/
/

JIM CRAPUCHETTES
. FRELAN ASSOCIATES
P!O.

·-·

BOX 298

MENLO PARK, CALIF. 94025

;,
/
/
,1·

THESE NOTES ARE PROPRIETARY AND ARE NOT
TO BE COPIED WITHOUT THE WRITTEN APPROVAL or
THE AUTHOR. THEY ARE FURTHERMORE TO BE USED
ONLY BY THE PARTY TO WHICH THEY ARE SOLD AND
TO THEIR IMMEDIATE CO-WORKERS.

·. 1
:, -·.

-i ~: .

... '.;"' -·

/FOCAL SEMINAR NOTES

PAL8-V7

PAGE·2

B.15/72 .

/DEFINITIONS FROM FOCAL:
/.
THE FOLLOWING METHOD OF' DEFINITION WILL WORK
/ FOR THE FOLLOWING ASSEMBLERS~ MACR0-81 PAL-Di PAL-D
/ CSK VERSION> AND PALS.
/
/

FOR THE VERSIONS OF THE-PAL-lII ASSEMBLER,,ONE . ; ,i (.! .. ;.· ; •
OF ·THE FOLLOWING MUST BE DONE:

'·'

/
. : ·>

. ,· ..
I.,

IF THE ASSEMBLER ALREADY HAS FLOATING-POINT·

INSTRiJC.TIONS DEFINED FOR .THE' STANDARD F"LOATING-;'

/
/

POINT PACKAGE, THEY·MAY BE SIMPLY RE-DEFINED
FOR THE PROPER OP-CODES.

1~
'.·'~·-:· ·~ ,-. -

-/
;

OTHERWISE, THE 0 EXPUNGE 11 PSEUDO-OP MUST Bl;: USED . ; l : '
FOLLOWED BY THE DEFINITION OF ALL MEMORY-REF .
··INSTRUCTIONS CAND, TAD, ETC ... ), THE FLOATitilG-'
·
POINT INSTRUCTIONS <BELOW),· AND THE 11 FIXMRI"
'. -. ' . ·'
PSEUDO-OP. FOLLOW I NG TH IS, ALL THE REST OF THE.- : .
PDP-8 INSTRUCTIONS MUST BE DEFINED!! t· UN-.
. ...
FORTUNATELY, THIS IS THt ONLY WAY~,;

F'IXMRI
F"IXMRI
FIXMRI
FIXMRI
F'IXMRI
FIXMRI
FIXMRI

F'GET=
FADD=
FSUB=
FDIY=
FMUL=
FPOl.J=
FPUT=

FNOR=
FEXT=
F'INT=

700€;
·000e
JMS I '7

·/

;
.. /
/
·._ : i/.

!'.

. 0000
1000
·2000
3000
·:4000
·5000

6000
7000
.. 0000
4407''

IF'NDEF" P13
11
XRT=
XRT2=
12
PDLXR= 13
FLTXR= 14
FLTXR2= 15
17
0017 AXOUT=
i3020 XCT=
20
':)•".'..
.,_,,:;
0022 PC= .
0023. THISLN= 23
.0025 LASTLN:o= 25
30
0030 PT1=
32
0032 T1=
33
0033 T3=
'0035 BOTTOM= 35
'0040 EX1=
40
EX1+1 '
. ·0041 AC1H=
EX1+2
0042 AC1L=
0043 . OYER1= EX1+3
44
. '0044 FLAC=
FLAC
0044 . EXP=

0010'3
100e .
200e
3009
4000 ..
5006
6006

•.--.

/PSEUDo~r.P.·IHSTRUCTIONS
... ·
'

. ·..

?:O.

;·.,:

;,·

. .i

<P13!:!::

·0011
0012
·0013
~- 0014
0015

IF'OR DEBUG.UNDER OS/S'ODT

··

.. ' ;

-,·
.!·,·. . . .

·.. _·· .•

. ·-,.:

/F'. P. OPERAND
.•

' -~

...

;f". P. AC

·
'·
.•

\·.

...

.: I

PAGE 2-1

/FOCAL SEMINAR NOTES
0045
13046
0047
i3t151
01352
0053
(1054
0057

HORD=
LORD=
OVEF.:2=

FISl.iJ=
52
c-7
ItHEGE= ._1._.
SORTCN== 54
5...,
CNTR=
-'

/F'ORMAT DESCRIPTION WORD

(1(163
0064

OUTDEV= 63
I t-rnEV= 64

/POINTER TO OUTPUT SUBROUTINE
. /POINTfiR TO INPUT SUBROUTINE

Mit~SKI=

FLAC+1
FLAC+2
FLAC+3
51

13[165 NAGSl1J= 6t:'..J
131366 CHAR=
66
01367 LHlENO= 67
(1070 GH~C=
70
0071 T2=
71
0077 CCR=
.77
1(12
01(12 PEF.:=
0104 .P7600= 1.i34
105
0105 M2i3=
01136 P177=
106
1[17
0U37 P17=
[1111 M2=
111
[1112 MINUSA= 112
[1113 C260=
113
13114 M24i3=
114
0115 MPER=
115
117
0117 MFLT=
1.-,
.-,
13122 P77=
.::..:::.
i~1123
123
C2t.:W=
(1127 DOUBLE= 127
~~1133
CFRS=
133
13136 EFUt-BI= 136
13166 EF.:RPT= 166
0177
04213
13611
0614
0756
1136
1377

141313
1437
1613

1743
1754
2725
5667

5712
·5713

5715
5733
6623

START=
DCI=
PROC=
PC1=
INPUT=
MCOr·1=
GLIST=
TL I ST=

/ERROR ROUTINE ADDRESS

177
4213
611
614
-t:::" .-

( ._1t1

1136
1377

/SF•ACE

JiLISTJ>~

141313

/ I I J 11

I I , II

+ C.R.

G::; 1 =

i 'l37

EVAL=

1613
1743
1754

EFUt-~=

/C.R. CODE

EFUr42=
ERROF.:5= CI' .:.,.._1
MULT10= 5667
REMAIN= ·5712
DIGIT=. 5713
MULT2= 5715
DU BLAD::: 5733·
ALIGN= 6623
.-,-:i·-:s~

/FOCAL SEMINAR NOTES
7335
7503

7335
LI BF.:ARY=75C13

Dt~Of:.:M=

/r~El.1J

4540
1413
5541
4542
4543
4544
4545
4546
4547
455[1
4551
4552

4553
4554
4555
4557
.4560
4561
4562
4563

4564
4566

PAGE 2-2 .

I NSTF.:UCT I 01'1!3:

PU:::HJ= ..JM::: I 14(1
POPA=
TAD I PDLXR
POP.J=
.JMP I 141
PU:3HA= .JMS I 142
PUSHF= .JM::: I 143
.JM::: I 144
POPF=
._IMS I 145
GETC=
PACKC= .JM:; I 146
SOf<:T.J= .JMS I 147
:30F.:TC= .JMS I 15(1
PF.:INTC= .JMS I 151
F.:EADC= .JM::: I 152
PF.:tHLN= .JM::: I 153
GETLH= JMS I 154
FI t·HIU4= JM::: I 155
.:.JMS · I 157
fHL6=
SPt·WF.:= ~IMS I 160
TESTt-4= .JMS I 161
TSTLPF.:= .JMS I 162
TSTGRP= .JM::; I 163
TESTC= .JMS I 164
ERROR2= JMS I ERR PT

/RECURSIVE SUBROUTINE CALL
/f<:E:3TORE AC
/SUBF.:OUTINE RETURN
/SAVE AC
/SAVE GROUP OF DATA
/RESTORE GF.:OUP OF DATA
/UNPACK A CHARACTER
/PACK A CHARACTER
/SORT AND BRANCH ON AC OR.CHAR
/SORT CHAF.:
/PRINT AC OR CHAR
/READ DATA INTO CHAR AND PRINT IT·
/PRINT C(LINENO>
/UNPACK AND FORM A LINENUMBER
/SEARCH FOR A GIVEN LINE
/ROTATE LEFT SIX
/IGNORE SPACES AND LEADING ZEROS
/PERIOD; OTHER; NUMBER
/SKIP IF L-PAR: (., C OR <
/SKIP IF CCAC) = C<LINENO)
/TERM; NUMBER; FUNCTION; LETTER
/CALL ERROR SUBROUTtNE

.··PAGE 3

/tOCAL SEMINAR NOTES .
/rREE LOCATIONS IN FOCAL (1969):
/ LOC(S)

COMMEtHS

/ .

USED ONLY BY PDP-5 INTERRUPT HANDLER.
USED BY DEBUGGERS. IF TH IS LO CAT I OH IS
USED, THEN ODT CANNOT BE USED IN DEBUGGING;
AUTO-INDEX REG I STE RS 'XRT ·', 'XRT2',
'FLTXR' & 'FLTXR2'. THESE ARE USED ON
A TEMPORARY BASIS BY FOCAL ROUTINES,
AND CAN BE USED CON A TEMPORARY BASIS)
IF NO CONFLICTS ARISE WITH THESE.ROUTINES
[USE THE CREF LISTING TO DETERMINE THISl.
'T 1' , ·' T3' & 'T2' . TEMPORARY WORK I NG
LOCATIONS FOR FOCAL ROUTINES. SEE THE
COMMENTS ABOVE ON THE AUTO-INDEX ~EGS.
•HI t·rnuF •, SEE NOTE 1.
'P4000'. USED ONLY AT TWO LOCATIONS.
SEE PAGE 4 OF THIS LISTING.
'PTCH', SEE NOTE 1. MUST OVERLAY 3001
AND 3002 WITH "NOP"S TO USE. SEE FOCAL
LISTING.
USED BY 8K PATCH, FREE IN 4k VERSION;
USED BY "MODV" <SK) PATCH, OTHERWISE FREE~
'MCOM', SEE NEXT LINE ... ·
1
"FDIS" FUNCTION, SEE NOTE 2.. IF' THIS
FUNCTION IS OVERLAID, 'MCOM' ABOVE CAN·
ALSO BE USED.
11 F'ADC 11
F"UNCTION, SEE NOTE 2.
'OUTL' SUBROUTINE, DIRECTLY FOLLOWING·
11 FADC 11
COIIING. SEE NOTE 3.
' RANO', SEE NEXT LI NE ...
11 F"RAN 11
FUNCTION, SEE NOTE 2. IF THIS·
rut-KT I ON Is OVERLAID, , RANO / ABOVE CAN··
ALSO BE USED.
' I 33 1 SUBROUTINE. SEE NOTE 3.
FREE ONLY IF ALL F'UNCTIONS ARE KEPT!!
OTHERWISE PART OF THE TEXT~VARIABLE
p. I1. L. AREA.
BE CAREF'UL 1.rJHEN YOU USE
THIS AREAi
FREE ONL~ IF hrsxMtt & ~rcos~ ARE KEPt ..
OR Ir 'BOTTOM' IS SET UP CORRECTLY,
OTHERWISE PA~T or THE STORAGE'. ·ARE'.A;
FREE:

1b 12, 141 15.

/
/

/ 32,33,71
/
/

124

126

/
/

./
/
/
/

167
174
175
1136
1142 - 1157

/
/

/ 1343

1353

/ 1354· .... 1362
/.

/
/

1530
1553

1532
1562

/ 2414

2424

/ 5167 ... 5177
/
/

/
. J'

5352

5377

;

'I 51(4 "" 67((

t.::111
"/ 6311 - 6377
;I

61613

/ 7037 - 7062
/

/
/
/

/ 7322 - 7334
/
/.

USED

In' SK PATCH,

F"RE:E> I H 4k VE~S I ON.

H.S. READER ROUTINE, SEE NOTE 1.
PART OF THE MULTI PL 'y' ROUT I NE, I DMUL TI,
NOT USED IN THE 3-WORD F'LOATING-POINT
PACKAGE. THIS AREA SHOULD BE USED ONLY.
IF IT IS KNOWN THAT THE 4-WORD PACKAGE
· WILL NEYER BE USED;
PART OF THE DIVIIIE ROUTINE, 'DUBDIV' /
NOT USED IN THE 3~WORD FLOATING-POINT
PACKAGE. NOTE THE RESTRICTION ABOVE.

PAGE 3-1

/FOCAL SEMINAR NOTES
E.JECT
/

/
/·
/
/
/
/
/
/

/
/

/
/
/
/

NOTE 1:

IF NO HIGH-SPEED READER IS USED, THn4 LOCAT I Ot~S 37, 126, 3000, 3001 At·HI 6311 - 6377 CAN BE

USED FOR OTHER CODING.
IF THIS IS DONE,
LOCATION 1201 ("*"ROUTINE IN COMGO') MUST BE
CHANGED TO 177. THIS WILL CAUSE AN "*" AS A
COMMAND TO DO THE EXACT SAME THING THAT THE "Q"
COMMAND DOES.
1

NOTE 2: THESE TWO FUNCTIONS <AND PERHAPS "FSQf ",
LOCATIONS 7400 - 7467) CAN BE OVERLAID WITH
OTHER CODING.
IN THIS CASE, THE ADDRESSES OF
THESE ROUTINES IN 'FNTABF' (STARTING AT LQC
374) MUST BE CHANGED TO "ERROR5" SO THAT THEY
CAt~NOT BE CALLED.
,
, r 33' At-rn / ouTL, lrJERE SET uP To ALLc11.~1 EASY
NOTE 3,
DEBUGGING OF FOCAL WITH THE INTERRUPT OFF,
AND WITH THE HELP OF A DEBUGGER. THIS CAN BE
DONE AS SHOWN IN THE "DEBUG" PATCHES.
IF THE
SPACE IS r~EEDED, 1 ~'!.!33 1 At~D 1 XOUTL 1 COULD BE
OVERLAID WITH ROUTINES EQUIVALENT TO 'I33' AND
1 0UTL',
AND THE REST OF THE DEBUGGING PATCHES
IMPLEMENTED TO RUN WITH IOF.

/FOCAL SEMINAR NOTES

PAGE 4

/PATCHES TO USE "OPR 1" INSTRUCTIONS TO GENERATE ·
/ CONSTANTS IN THE AC RATHER THAN USE "TAD"S. THE
/ "TAD"S WERE NEEDED FOR THE PDP-5 COMPUTER. IF
/ YOUR PATCHES WILL NOT BE RUNNING OH A PDP-5, THESE
/ PATCHES WILL SIGHTLY INCREASE EXECUTION SPEED AND
/ FREE LOCATION 124 FOR OTHER USES.
. 0245
00245

01017

*245

7330

STL CLA RAR

1017 . *1017

/OVERLAY "TAD M2 11

7344

CLL STA RAL

1631 . >1o1631

/OVERLAY

01631 ·. 7344

·2052

*2052

·' .

. /OVERLAY "TAD p311 - ONLY R.EF'
.. STL CLA IAC RAL

/OVERLAV "TAD M2 11

7344

CLL STA RAL

07127" ·7330

-2

TAD .M.,2"

.. 3111 . *3111

'.71~7

4000

CLL STA RAL

02052. 7325

03111

/OVERLAY "TAD P4000"·- ONLY 2 REFS

*7127

3, . PDP-a I, ..:.eL •&·;..SE· ONLV

/OVERLAV "TAD P4000" - ONLY 2 REFS .•.·
STL CLA RAR

/N'OTE: THERE ARE ONL V 2 REFERENCES TO 'P4000' ( LOC
/ 124). WITH THE PATCHES ABOVE, THIS LOCATION ON
/ PAGE 0 IS FREED FOR OTHER USES.

/rOCAL SEMINAR NOTES

PAL8-V7

8/5/72

PAGE 5

/ INPUT FROM AND OUTPUT TO CHARACTER ORIENTED DEVICES ·
/
OTHER THAN THE TELETYPE, AND ADDING DEVICES
/
TO THE INTERRUPT SERVICE ROUTINE. .
/
TlJO LOCATIONS ON PAGE 0, 'OUT DEV' [ LOC. 63 J AND
./ · 'INDEV' CLOC. 64J, tONTAIN THE ADDRESSES OF THE OUTPUT
., . . AND INPUT SUBROUTINES, RESPECTIVELY. IF IT IS DESIRED
/ TO DO l/O TO OTHER DEVICES, THESE LOCATIONS SHOULD BE
/ CHANGED TO THE ADDRESSES OF THE NEW I/O SUBROUTINE($),
/ CHANGING THESE LOCATIONS UNDER PROGRAM CONTROL, PERHAPS
/ WITH A MODIF.ICATION TO THE "L" COMMAND COR PERHAPS WITH·
/ AN ADDITIONAL COMMAND), WOULD ALLOW FOR VERY VERSATILE
· / l/O TO/FROM A FOCAL PROGRAM.
/
AN EXAMPLE OF ·THE WAY THIS IS DONE IS SHOWN IN THE
/ LISTING, THE HIGH-SPEED READER ROUTINE1 THIS IS A GOOD
~
ENAMPLE NOT ONLY or HOW TO DO IT; BUT ALSO OF THE
, PROBLEMS THAT CAN OCCUR. THE PROBL~M WITH IT IS. THAT
; THE READER CAN EASILY OVER-RUH THE 1 CHARACTER INPUT
I
eu~rERj AT WHICH TIME THE lNPUt STOPS AND AH ERROR JS
; GIVEN. THIS WOULD OBVIOUSLY BE LESS or·~ PROBLEM WITH
/ A HIGH-SPEED OUTPUT DEVICE, BUT. THE POINT IS THAT YOU
. / ·. SHOULD GI YE SOME THOUGHT TO WHAT YOU ARE DO I NG, F' I RST ..
/

/.
IF NEW DEVICES ARE ADDED, A MODIFICATION SHOULD
./ ALSO BE MADE TO THE ERROR HANDLER <STARTING AT 'RECOYR'i'.
/ LOCATION 2740) TO STOP ANY INPUT DEVICES IN MOTION AND
/ RESET 'INDEY 1 AND 'OUTDEY' TO THE TELETYPE I/O ROUTINES.'
/ · 'OUTDEY' SH9ULD BE RESET BEFORE THE ERROR MESSAGE IS
/ OUTPUT SO THAT THE MESSAGE WILL BE TYPED ON THE TELE/ 1· TYPE.
ADMITTEDLY, IT IS NOT ABSOLUTELY NECESSARY THAT ··
.. / THIS RESETTING BE DONE, BUT'IT WILL HELP ANYONE WHO IS
/ USING YOUR MODIFIED VERSION OF FOCAL <PERHAPS YOU), AND·~ f
/ MAY SAYE YOU SOME FRIENDS.
IF THE ADDED I/O DEVICES REQUIRi SERVICE BY THE
INTERRUPT ROUTINE, A FEW LOCATIONS ARE PROVIDED AT
THE END OF THE ROUTINE, BEGINNING WITH 'EXIT' CLOC.
2646). THESE LOCATIONS ARE CURRENTLY USED BY THE H.S.
/ .. READER, BUT THEY CM~ EITHER BE REMOVED <IF' NOT USED> OR
/' MOYED SOME PLACE ELSE.
...
/.
AS WITH CHARACTER ORIENTED DEVICES AS DESCRIBED
/ . ·ABOVE,
IT IS SUGGESTED TH.AT A MODIFICATION BE MADE TO
/
THE ERROR HANDLER TO RESET ANY ItHERRUPT-DRIYEN l/O ...,.< ·.
, . . · DEVICES AT THE TIME THAT AN ERROR OCCURS.
/
NOTE: IF AN 8K VERSION OF' F'OCAL ·IS USED1. T,HE.
/ "RMF" INSTRUCTION CURRENTLY AT LOCATION 2652 SHOULD
./
BE MOVED TO LOCATION 2654. IF AN 81< VERSION IS NOT
'
/
USED, THIS INSTRUCTION IS NOT NEEDED.
'/'

/
/

;

/FOCAL SEMINAR NOTES
/
/

PAL8-V7

8/5/72

PAGE 6

THESE PATCHES. WHICH ARE WORKING EXAMPLES, DO
THE FOLLOWING:

PROVIDE CHARACTER INPUT AND OUTPUT THROUGH
F H~ AND FOUT FUt·~CT IONS.

PROVIDE BCD INPUT AND OUTPUT AS WOULD BE USED
FOR INSTRUMENT INTERFACE THROUGH "FBI" AND
FBO FU~lCT I Clt~S.

GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF ARRAY OR COMMON STORAGE
THROUGH At1 11 f AII FIJNCT I ON.

USE A MODIFICATION TO THE 11 L11 COMMAND, INCLUDING
CHANGING IT TO THE 11 0 11 COMMAND, TO SHOW HOW A
FOCAL LINE OR GROUP CAN BE EXECUTED FROM
WITHIN A FOCAL MODIFICATION.

PROVIDE THE FOLLOWING CORRECTIONS TO FOCAL:

/
/

/
/
/
/

/
/·

/
/

A. PATCH THE 11 L11 ROUTINE TO CONTINUE IN THE
CURRENTLY EXECUTING FOCAL PROGRAM <DON'T GO

/
/
/
/

B. PATCH THE FLOATING-POINT OUTPUT ROUTINE TO
, ROUND CORRECTLY, FLOAT THE SIGN TO THE IMMEDIATE LEFT OF THE MOST SIGtHFICANT DIGIT T't'PED, !'
AND REMOVE THE AUTOMATIC OUTPUT OF ~= 11

· /MISCELLANEOUS PATCHES:
0035

*BOTTOM

00035 ·. 5123
.1004
01004

01173

:+:1004

/CHANGE ·11L11 TO 11011 IN COMMAND LIST ·
110

:+:1173

/OVERLAY OLII 11L11 ROUTINE ADDRESS

:+:1201

/OVEF.:LA'1'

II )j.: II

ROUTINE ADDRESS

START

0177

/PATCHES TO THE FUNCTION NAME & ADDRESS TABLES:
0377
00377.

1343

OCOM

6311
1201

01201

DATA-1

0317
· 1173

BOTTOM OF P. D. L.

~-F.:ESET

:+:377

~REMOVE

SOME FUNCTIONS, CHANGE OTHERS

FA 11

WAS 'XDYS'

'I .

/FOCAL SEMINAR NOTES
(10400
00401

2725

004(12

2725

EF.:ROR5
EF.:F.:OR5
ERFWl':5

(H3403

5204

·><BI

0~3404

C'.·-··-,""'
.Jr::..::.
(

00405
00406

1553

::<BO
:>:: I t·l
::<OUT

2725

5774
2170

0217~Z1

PAGE 6-1

/l.1.IAS 'XRAW
/l,JAS

·'~,~ADC I

ARTH·'
FBI - l.1.IAS 'FE>{P'
/ 11 FB0 11
- 1.~IAS 'FLOG'
/ 11 FIH 11
l1JAS 'FSIN-'
FOUT - l~IAS 'FCOS'.
/!;.IA!::
/

/CHAHGE NAMES OF FUNCTIONS

0301

2174
~321

1115

~321 76

1123
1140

02177

2672

74
02175

*2170

9,.-5,.-72

PAL8-V7

*2174

8-t·2+ I
E:-t·2+ 0
I·t·2+ t·l
11 O·t·2+ II U·t·2+ II T
/

,;
,I

"'
/

/BI
/BO
/IN

··-'OUT

NOTE 1 ~' -t· 11 IS THE MULTI PLY OPERATOR IN PALS.
IT .
DOES NOT USE ANY HIERARCHY D~ PRECIDEMCE> BUT JU$1
MULTIPLIES THE VALUE ON TH~ LEFT SY THE VALUE ON
THE RIGHT, THUS A•2+8•2+C ~ CA*2+8)~~+C IN NORMAL
ALGEBRAIC REPRESENTATION.

.I
/

/
/
/

,,,
/

ALL OF THE "E:>::TENDED FUNCT I mis A~rn SOME OF
THE OTHER FUNCTIONS HAVE BEEN REMOVED TO MAKE ROOM
FOR THE PATCHES THAT ARE TO BE ADDED. NO PARTICULAR
REASONING WAS USED TO DETERMIHE THE ORDER OF THE NEW
FUNCTION REFERENCES EXCEPT THAT THE "FA" FUNCTION WAS
PUT AS CLOSE TO THE BEGINNING OF THE TABLE AS WAS
POSSIBLE TO MIHIMIZE THE TIME IN THE SORT8 SUBROUTINE WHEN LOOKING IT UP.
Ii

/FOCAL SE.MINAR NOTES
·1142

*1142

/
/
/
/
/
./
·/
/
/
01142
01143
01144
01145
01146
01147

1066
1336
7640
5541
4540

PAGE 7
/OVERLAY OLD "FDIS" FUNCTION.

THIS SUBROUTINE, CALLED BY "PUSHJ; CHKCOM",
CHECKS TO SEE IF TERMINATOR OF THE LAST EXPRESSION.
<I.E., THE CONTENTS OF 'CHAR') IS A ", 11
IF" IT
IS NOT, CHKCOM EXITS TO THE WORD FOLLOWING THE
CALL. IF IT IS, CHKCOM EVALUATES THE NEXT EXPRESSION
AND EXITS TO THE SECOND WORD FOLLOWING THE CALL.
CHKCOM NEEDS TO BE A RECURSIVE SUBROUTINE
BECAUSE THE CALL TO 'EVAL' MAY END UP CALLING
THIS SUBROUTINE AGAIN.

CHKCOM; TAD CHAR
TAD MCOM
SZA CLA
POPJ
PUS HJ

/IS C(CHAR)

EVAL-1

1612

= ' .
II

II?

/HO, EXIT NOW TO CALL+1
..
/YES, EVALUATE NEXT ARGUMENT
/(SKIP THIS CHAR)

/
/.

THE FOLLOWING .CODE COULD BE REPLACED BY
CLA IAC; POPJ" IF IT IS DESIRED TO USE THE MINIMUM SPACE AND THE "JMS I INTEGER" IS NOT USED.

•POPA
DCA FLTXR2

··01150 .1413
01151 3015

/GET RETURN ADDRESS
/ & STORE IT HERE

/
IF IS IS DESIRED TO F"I~ THE F"LAC AND RETURN
/ WITH THE INTEGERIZED YALUE1 REMOVE THE FIRST 11 / 11
/ . FROM THE FOLLOWING LINE OF CODE:
/

01152

. 1343

/FIX FLAC & RETURN WITH VALUE
/EXIT TO CALL+2

JMS I INTEGER
JMP I FLTXR2

*1343

/OVERLAY OLD "FADC" F"IJNCTION & ··ouTL' ROUTINE .

5415

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
r

/
,..,

NEbJ "FA" Fut·~CT I ON, ACCESSES DATA STORED I~~ AN
ARRAY. IT IS EQUIVALENT TO THE WAY ARRAYS ARE
HANDLED BY HIGH-LEVEL COMPILER LANGUAGES, I.E., THE
INDEX lNTO THE ARRAY IS MULTIPLIED BY THE NUMBER OF
WORDS PER ITEM AND ADDED TO THE BASE ADDRESS OF TH~
ARRAY TO GET THE ITEM ADDRESS. THIS IS AN ADAPTATION TO THE "FHEW" FUNCTION FIRST WRITTEN BY JOHN
ALDERMAN.
CALL, ... FA (I). .. ·
GET I TH VALUE
.
... FA< I, V>...
PUT V IN ITH LOCATION

/
/
./
01343 ·.. 4453
01344 7104
01345 1046

XA,

1.i.IHERE I WI LL BE TAKEN TO BE AN INTEGER IN THE·. . • ,
RANGE 0.LE. I.LT.C<'LIM') AND VIS ANY VALUE
<INCLUDING ANY EXPRESSION).
JMS I I NT EGER
CLL RAL
. ·TAD LORD

/FIX FLAC
/MULTIPLY BV 2 = N*2
; & ADD = N*2+N : N*3

/FOCAL SEMINAR NOTES

PAL8-V7

8/~V72

01346
01347
01350
01351
·01352
01353
01354
01355
01356
01357
01360.
01361

1361
4542
1045
7650
1362
7141
1046
7630
4566
5760
6160
5124

BASE,

TAD BASE
PU SHA
TAD HORD
SNA CLA
TAD LIM
CIA CLL
TAD LORD
SZL CLA.
ERROR2
JMP I . +1
XA1
DATA

01362

·0020

LIM,

DSI2E

. 1553

*1553

/OVERLAY OLD "FRAN" FUNCTION.

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
./
01553
01554

4552

/ADD BASE ADDRESS OF ARRAY
/ & SAVE ITEM ADDRESS
/TEST INDEX FOR PROPER RANGE:
·/(BAD IF HORD.NE.0}
/(BAD IF LORD.GE.LIM)

/SORRY, CHARLIE!
/OK, GO TO REST OF ROUTINE
/BEGINNING OF DATA ARRAY'
/LENGTH OF ARRA¥

NE~J "F' IN" FUNCTION, INPUTS A SINGLE CHARACTER
'FROM THE INPUT DEVICE AND RETURNS IT AS A NUMBER
(INTEGER).
CALL:
... FINO... ANY ARG IS IGNORED

TO READ THE CHARACTER WITHOUT ECHOING IT,
REPLACE THE "RE ADC" WI TH "JMS I I NDEV". THE
CHARACTER CAN THEN BE READ & ECHOED BY
. , .FOUTCFINO> .. ,

::.<IN,

1066

01555 3045
01556 3046
01557 ~047
01560 1005
01561 3044
01562 . 5536

2414

RE ADC
TAD CHAR
AND P177
tiCA HORD
DCA LORD

.DCA OVER2
tAD P13
·DCA EXP
. 'JMP I EFUN3I

*2414

/READ & ECHO CHARACTER
/GET THE CHAR
ITO lGNORE PARITY BIT
IPUT IN HlGH WOR~ CMAW 9 BitS) .
VSET REST Ot fLAC iO e·
1

& se:r LIP £)(PONENT.

/OVERLAY. OLD 'I33' SUBROUTINE. ;

. /LISTS FOR THE NEM "O" COMMAND:
02414 0314
02415 '0304
02416 7777
02417
02420

PAGE 7-1.

OCL IST:.o

7503· OBL I ST I
6326

"L
"D

-1
LIBRARY
ODO

/TERMINATOR IS NEG #·

/FOCAL SEMINAR NOTES

PAGE B

/DEFINE PARAMETERS FOR DATA ARRAY:

05124

0020

DSIZE=

0060

Dl.~IORDS=

20
/CHANGE THIS ONLY FOR DIFFERENT SI2E
DS I ZE·t3 ;3 WORDS PER F. P. ITEM

5124

*5377-173-DWORDS

5124

DATA=

0000

ZBLOCK DWORDS

/BEGINNING OF DATA ARRAY

;INITIALIZE ALL LOCS TO 0

THE 11 173 11 ABOVE IS THE HA~rn-COUNTED NUMBER OF'
LOCATIONS THAT THE FOLLOWING CODING TAKES. THIS
/ . IS THE ONLY WAY THAT THE ORIGIN CAN BE SET
.1
PROPEF.:LY .

· .1

/
.1

/
,,..
.1

,,..
/
/
/

THE FOLLOWING TWO FUNCTIONS 11 FBI 11 AND "FBO", ·
FOR "BCD IN" AND "BCD OUT", ARE GIVEN AS ~XAMPLES
OF POSSIBLE TECHNIQUES FOR INTERFACING FOCAL WITH
BCD I.10 DEVICES. THE ACTUAL IMPLEMENTATION AS
GIVEN. DOES NOTHING EXCEPT SHOW AND TEST THE TECHNIQUES.
NEl.~1 "FBI 11 FUNCTION.
THE ARGUMENT I 8 CONVERTED
FROM FLOATING-POitH TO PACKED BCD AND ,THEN BACK
TO FLOATING-POINT. ONLY THE INTEGER PART OF THE
ARGUMENT IS USED.
CALL:
... FBI ('n ...
WHERE V IS ANY EXPRESSION, THE INTEGER PART OF
WHICH IS CONVERTED TO BCD & BACK.

./
/
.1

052(14
(15205

4262
1363

~352(16
4235
(152i37 3047
05210. 3046
0521.i 3~345
i35212 3737
(15213 ,3736
~35214
4740

05215

474~3

05216
05217
(1522(1
05221

4235
3737

1364

4 74(1
1226
05223 3044
05224 ·4742
05225 5536
~35222

IN ACTUAL USAGE, THE EXPRESSION MIGHT BE A
COMMAND TO AN INSTRUMENT, AND THE VALUE RETURNED
MIGHT BE THE READOUT FROM THE INSTRU~ENT.

!>:!BI,

8 I t·~2BC
TAD DIGS1
JM8 BCD2E:N
DCA OVEF.:2
DCA LORD
DC:A HORD
DCA I DIG!
It CA I F.: EM I
.JM:3 I M10I
.JM!3 I MHJI
TAD DI G:::2
.JMS BCD2BN
DCA I DIGI
.JMS I M1~3 I
TAD ~"<P43
DC:A EXP
JMS I DNORI
JMP I EFUN3I
.JM:3

,. . cmWERT ARG TO PACKED BCD
/GET FIF.:ST 3 DIGITS.
/CONVERT TO E: HlAR'r'
/
~!: STORE rn LOl~EST WORD
/SET F.:EST OF FLA CJ 'DIGIT·'

·'REMAIH) TO 0
/MULTIPL"i' E:Y 10
/
~!: AGA It4
;GET 2t·rn .....7 ItIGITS
,,, IJ, CO~lVERT THEM
/S:TORE RESULT IN 'I•IGIT'
/
E1ST 3 DIGSJ:+!1000+C2ND 3 DIGSJ
/

/SET UP EXPONENT
/MORMALIZE 8EF'CtRE OVER2 CLEARED

.;,

/FOCAL SEMINAR NOTES
05226

0043

XP43,

PAGE 8-1
43

/
NEW "FBO" FUNCTION. THE ARGUMENT IS CONVERTED
/ FROM FLOATING-POINT TO PACKED BCD AND THEN UNPACKED
/. AND SENT TO THE OUTPUT DEVICE <TELETYPE>. AS ABOVEi
/ THE PRIMARY PURPOSE IS TO SHOW TECHNIQUES.
/
CALL: ... F'BO<V> ...
/.
WHERE V IS AS F'OR "F'BI" ABOVE.
/
/
/
/
I

/
0s227
05230

4262
1363

SINCE THIS F'UHCTION IS NOT SET UP TO RETURN
ANY VALUE, IT MI~HT JUST AS WELL HAVE BEEN CALLED
BY ANOTHER MODI~ICATION TO THE "L" <OR "O">
COMMAND, I. E. "0 OUT EXP; [WHERE OUT l.rJOULD BE ..
THE OPTION TO CALL THIS. ROUTINE, WHICH WOULD HAVE.
HAD TO CALL 'EVAL' TO EVALUATE "EXP"J.

xeo,

JMS BIN2BC
TAD DIGS1

/CONVERT ARG TO PACKED BCD
/GET F'IRST 3 DIGITS

/'
I/O INSTRUCTIONS WOULD BE ·INSERTED HERE TO
/ SEND DATA TO A DEVICE, UNDER NORMAL USAGE.
/

05231

05232

05233
05234

4343
1364
4343'
·5536

.JMS UPACKD ·
TAD DIGS2
JMS UPACKD
JMP I . EF'UN3 I

~UNPACK

& PRINT DIGITS'

/SAME AS ABOVE

~FOCAL

PAGE 9

SEMINAR NOTES
~

3 DIGIT PACKED BCD TO BlHARV COHVERSI~N
BY RADI~ nErLATlOH.

/ FROM: CARL LOl,JENSTEIN, U. C. S. D., "DECUSCOPE 11 1
/
VOL. Ht, t~O. 3.
05235

0000. BCD28N, 0
3044
DCA TEM1
05237 1044
TAD TEM1
05240 0260
AND C7400
05241 7110
CLL RAR
05242 3040
DCA TEM2
05243 1040
TAD TEM2
05244 7012
RTR
05245 1040
TAD TEM2
05246 1044
TAD TEM1
05247 0261
AND C7760
05250 . 7012
RTR
05251 3040
DCA TEM2
TAD TEM2
05252 1040
RAR
05253 7010
TAD TEM2
05254 1040
CIA
05255 7041
05256 1044
TAD TEM1
JMP I 8CD2BN
05257 5635
~35236

05260
05261

7400
7760

C7400,
C77601

7400
7760

0044
0040

TEM1=
TEM2=

EXP
EX1

/= 256*H + 16*M + L.CDECIMAL>
/ 400*H + 20*M + L
/ 400*H
/ 200*H
/
/
/
./
/

40*H
240*H
640*H + 20*M +'L
640*H + 20*M
150*H + 4*M

/
74*H +. 2*M
/ 234*H + 6*M
/ -234ot<H - 6*M
/ 144*H + 12*M + L
/= 100*H + 10*M +·L·(DECIMAL>

/USE PACE 0 TEMPORARIES

: ·;:··.
/CONVERT F.P. ARG TO PACKED BCD
05262 0000 BIN2BC1 · 0
TAD HORD
05263 1045
05264 ·. 77:10
SPA CLA
ERF.:OR2
05265 ·4566
/NEGATIVE ARGS ARE ILLEGAL
FitH
05266 4407
/ENTER F.P. PACKAGE
/ADD 0.5 TO ROUND UP
05267 1330
FADD FHALF •·
FMUL SCALE
05270 4333
/MULTIPLY BY 1.0E-6
FEXT
05271 0000
TAD EXP
/IS THE RESULT < 1?
05272 1044
SMA SZA CLA
05273 7740
.JMP B It~ERR
/NO, ARG IS > 999999; TOO BIG!
05274 5301
IAC
05275 7001
DCA OVER1
/YES, MAKE OPERAND NON-0.
•
05276 3043 ·..
DCA EX1
/ALIGN BINARY POINT TO THE LEFT
·
05277 3040 .
(15300 4741
.JMS I ALHH
/ OF THE MOST SIGNIFICANT BIT.
/COULDW T ALIGN--ARG WAS TOO SMALL!:>
05301 4566 BI NERR1 EF.:ROR2
.JMS I DOUBLE
. /NOW SHIFT 1 LEFT TO END OF WORD
05302 4527
DCA I REMI
/SET 'REMAIN' TO 01
05303 3736
DCA I DIGI
/ SET 'DIGIT' TO 0,
05304 3737
TAD DCCON
/ & SET UP THE "DCA"
05305 1327
DCA 8IN283
05306 3322
. /= -2
CLL STA RAL
05307 7344
·Ja.·

....-FOCAL SEMINAR NOTES
(15310

3€132

~35311

7346

PAL8-V7

f15324

2~332

t15325

5311

05326

5662

DCA Ti
BIN281, CLL STA RTL
DCA T2
BIN2821 CLL IHL
fHL
DCA T.,._,
.JMS I M10 I
TAD T3
I ~:;z T·-:o
'.JMP 8H~2B2
BIN283, HLT
I,.... ..., 8IN283
·=- s::..
ISZ Ti
.JMP BHi281
._IMP I BIN2BC

05327

3363

DCC ON,

DCA DIGSi

(15330
05331

~3(1

(1(1

FHALF

2~:rno

05332

(1000

(1
20(10
0

05333

7755
2061
5737

05312
i:15313

3~371

(15314

7H16
7(106

~35315

3•333

(15316
~3531 7
i~1532f1

4740
1033
2071

(15321

5313

iJ5322
05323

7402

~35334

05335

2322

SCALE,

-23

8/5/72

PAGE 9-1

/USE PAGE 0 TEMPORARIES
-3

"'/=

/SHIFT DIGITS 4 BITS
'~~: SAVE RESULTS
/POP OUT A IIIG IT
/
~!; MERGE l.JITH THE OTHERS.
/DONE 3?
/NO
/hi ILL BE A 11 DCA 11 TO STORE DATA
,... BUMP THE INSTRUCTION
/DOt~E 2 GROUPS?
/t·iO
/VES, EXIT
/

/DUMM1' INSTRUCT I 01-i
F.:OurrnING CONSTANT

../ =

o. 5,

1. 0E--6

2061
5737
/
/

THE SCALING OF THE NUMBER FOR OUTPUT IS DONE
AS FOLLOl•.IS:

0.5 IS ADDED TO THE NUMBER TO ROUND UP ANY
FRACTIONAL PART. THIS IS NEEDED DUE TO THE
FACT THAT 0. 1 CANNOT BE REPRESENTED EXACTLY
BY A FIXED-LENGTH BINARY FRACTION .

THE NUMBER IS MULTIPLIED BY 1.0E-6. THIS
CONVERTS ALL NUMBERS LESS THAN 11000.000 TO'
A FRACTION (1(1(1, ~3~30 => [I. 1 .. 1 => ~3. 0000~31).

THE RESULT IS THEN UN-FLOATED TO A FIXEDPOINT FRACTION WITH THE BINARY POINT TO
THE LEFT OF THE MOST SIGNIFICANT BIT. THIS
PLACES THE BINARY POINT BETWEEN 'REMAIN'
CTHE OVERFLOW FROM THE FLAC WHEN 'MULT10'
IS CALLED) AND 'HORD' CTHE HIGH ORDER WORD
OF THE FLAC> .

/
.....

,.
··,.

...

/
/
...
.....

...··

/
/
.....

·"' .
/

/
/

EACH OF THE DIGITS IS NOW DEVELOPED BY
SIMPLY CALLING 'MULT10' TO MULTIPLY THE FLAC
BY 10. AFTER EACH MULTIPLICATION THE
NEXT DIGIT WILL HAVE "POPPED" OUT OF THE
FRACTION IN THE FLAC, AND WILL BE RETURNED
H~ THE AC.

·~

/FOCAL SEMI NAF.: NOTES
05336

(15337
(15340
05341
(15342

5712
5713

REML
DIGI,

5667
6 b.:...·-'
....

MHH,

.~-::.

7335

(1(100

05343
05344
05345

7346

(15346

304~)

05347
0535(1
(15351

1(144
71 ~36

05352
05353

3044
1044

31~M4

7~3t)6

(15354 7i~n34
05355 0U37
05356 . 1113
(15357 4551
05360 2040
~35361
5347
05362 ·. 5743
05363

0000

ALHU,
t1NOR I,

00~30

75H1

(15367

5375
3343

05370
05371
05372

1566
7440
4551

05373

3566

05374

1·343

05375

1113
4551
5764

05376
05377

PAGE· 10

F.:EMAIN
DIGIT
MULT10
ALIGN

DNORM

UPACKD, 0
/UNPACK & OUTPUT PACKED BCD .
DCA TEM1
· /SAVE DIGITS
/= -3
CLL STA RTL
DCA .TEM2
/NOTE: CANNOT USE T11 T2 OR T3! ·
·UPACK1, TAD TEMi
/GET DIGITS
CLL RTL
/ROTATE HIGH ONE TO AC 8-11
F.:TL
IICA TEM1
TAii TEM1
· F.:AL
AND P17
/MASK TO 1 DIGIT
TAD C260
/MAKE A CHARACTER
PRINTC
/DONE? .
ISZ TEM2
.JMP · UPACK 1
/NO
.JMP I UPACKD
DI GS1,
DIG82,
/
/
/
/
/

(15364
(15365
05366

PAL8-V7 ·e/5/72

0· .

/USE / DPR I ~ff /

ROUTINE TO FLOAT THE SIGN OF THE FLOATING-POINT
NUMBER BEING OUTPUT TO THE IMMEDIATE LEFT OF THE
MOST SIGNIFICANT DIGIT. THIS ROUTINE AND THE TWO
PATCHES AT LOCATIONS 5532 AND 6007 ARE ALL THAT IS ·
NECESSARY TO ADD THIS FEATURE.

/PRINT ItIGIT &: SIGN UF -NEEDED)
SPA
/PRINTING A ::SPACE?
/'T'ES, .JUST r10 IT
.JMP DPf<:I t-H
/NO, MUST BE A DIGIT.; SAVE AC
DCA UPACf<II
...-·GET THE SIGN CHARACTER
TAD I EF~RPT
SZA
.PHINTC
./PfHNT IF tlOT PRINTED 'v'ET
,,
·.1 & RESET CHAR TO 0
DCA I EF.:RPT
/RESTORE AC:
TAD UPACKD
/MAKE AN ASCII. CHARACTER
DPRIN1, TAD C260
PRitHC
1.
...IMP I DPRHH ·
DPRINT1

/FOCAL SEMINAR NOTES
5525
05525

*5525

0004
5532

>1<5532

>1<5774

06001

06007

/DIGIT & SIGN PRINTER

/USE THE SMALL HOLE

NEW "FOUT" FUNCTION, OUTPUTS THE ARGUMENT
AS A CHARACTER TO THE OUTPUT DEVICE. ALLOWS
CHARACTERS TO BE OUTPUT.
CALL:
... FOUT('.J) ...
WHERE V IS ANY EXPRESSION IN THE RANGE
1.GE.V.LE.4095. NOTE THAT THE NUMBER IS
ACTUALLY OUTPUT MODULO 256 (8 BIT CHARACTER).
TO OUTOUT A NULL TO THE TELETYPE, USE
... FOUT< 256). . . TH IS MUST BE DONE BECAUSE
0 IS THE EMPTY FLAG FOR THE TTY OUTPUT
BUFFER.

4453
7440
4551
5536

XOUT1

. 6001

>1<6001

JM:=; I INTEGER
SZA

PRINTC
JMP I E:F'UN3I

/FIX THE F'LAC
/CANNOT USE 0!
/OUTPUT IT

/REMOVE OUTPUT OF "=" IN F.P. OUTPUT'
CLA SKP

7610
6007

/OVERLAY 'OPUT'; PART OF FLOATING SIGN
DPRINT

/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/

0577'4
057'75
05776
05777

/CORRECT THE ROUNDING CONSTANT
4

05532 . 5364

.5774

PAGE 11

>1<6007

/OVERLAY "PRIHTC"; PART OF·F'LOATIHG SIGN
DCA I ERRPT

3566

/SAVE SIGN CHARACTER

6160

>1<6160

/REST OF "FA" FUNCTION

06160
06161
06162
06163
06164
06165
06166
06167
06170
06171
06172

4540
1142
7332
1373
3370
1413
3030
4407
00(10
0000
5536

XA1,

PIJSHJ

06173

6430

FPCON,

XAOP,

/CHECK F'OR & EVALUATE 2ND
/ ARG, IF ANY
/ONLY L ·AC = 2000 => FGET
/ 2 ARGS => F'PUT
/SET UP OPERATION

CHKCOM
STL CLA RTR
TAD FPCON
DCA XAOP
POPA
./SET UP ADDRESS
DCA PT1
FINT
,., FGET OR f"PUT
FEXT
FEXT
JMP I Ef"UN3I
FPUT I PT1

/FOCAL SEMINAR NOTES
6311

>1<6311

/
/
,
I
)

PAGE 12
/OVERLAY OLD H.8. READER ROUTINE

MODIFIED 11 L 11 , "t~OW 11 0 11 , COMMAND. CAN STILL
BE USED TO OUTPUT LOCATIONS USED BY ~OCAL, AND HAS
AN ADDED ACTION TO ALLOW THE EXECUTION or A LINE OR
GROUP IN A rocAL PROGRAM.

sUecoMMANDSi

LOCATIONS:

DO EXP:

AS WITH OLD "L" COMMAND

/
/
/
/

06311

€16323

4560
1066
4542
4545
4550
1376
7410
5314
1413
4547
2413

~36324

~3003

~36325

4566

06312
(16313

06314
06315
06316
(1631?

0632(1
(16321
06322

THE EXPRESSION IS EVALUATED AND.THEN
MADE ItHO THE FORM OF A LINE #. THIS
L H~E (OR GF.:OUP, IF THE STEP PART IS 0)
IS THEN EXECUTED AS WITH THE "DO" .
COMMAND. TH IS IS GI VE~~ FOR AN E:i<AMPLE
OF HOW TO CALL A FOCAL LINE OR GROUP
FROM A PATCH.

SP MOR

TAD CHAR
PU:3HA
OCOM 1, . GETC
::rnF.:TC

0 11 COMMAND HANDLER·

/SAVE CHAR
/GET ~~EXT CHAR
/LOOK FOR TERMINATOR
GLIST-1

8KP
OCOM 1
/NOT FOUtrn
POPA
SORTJ
/GO DO SUB-COMMAND
OCLIST-1
08L I ST-OCLI !:::T
ERROR2
/ILLEGAL CHARACTER
.JMP

/
~36326

4540

(16327

~:16332

16.12
4453
7450
5337

iJ6333

~]373

06334

i36337
(16340
06341
06342

7450
1 ~345
7640
45.66
1046
4557
7004

i~16343

3f167

06344
06345
i36346
06347
(16350
06351
06352

4451
4407
7€100
1430
4374
000i3
4453

€1633~:1
~~16331

~36335
~36336

ono~

PUSHJ
EVAL-1
JMS I INTEGER
St·4A
JMP ODERR
At·lD P7740
· 8t-rn
TAD HORD
:=;;zA CLA
TAD LOF.:!1
F.:TL6

/EVALUATE THE EXPRESSION
/(SKIP CHAR)
/FIX THE FLAC
/TEST RAt·H~E: 1. LE. #, LE. 31
,... = 0, BAD
,... . GE. 31.· BAD
/ . t-~E. t.::1.1 BAD
/ILLEGAL NUMBEF.:
/QK, GET GROUP PART & MOVE
·,... TO PROPER BITS

F~AL

DCA LH~ENO
.JM::; I MIN8KI
FINTFNOR
FADD I PT1
FMUL F100
FEXT
JMS I INTEGER

/!:;AVE GF.'.OUP PART
/l-4EGATE FLAC
/RE-NORMALIZE ~LAC <NEGATIVE)
/SUBTRACT OFF INTEGER PART ·
/MULTIPLY BY 100(10>
/FIX THE STEP PART

/f"OCAL SEMINAR NOTES
06353
06354

PAL8-V7
TAD LINENO.
DCA LI t·~ENO
TAD LORD
SZA CLA
STL RAR
DCA NAG SW
TAD CHAR
PUSH A
TAD CCR
DCA CHAR
PUS HJ
D0+1
POPA
DCA CHAR
JMP I .+1
PROC

06356
(16357
06360
06361
06362
06363
06364
06365
06366
06367
06370
06371
06372

1067
3067
1046
76413
71'30
3065
1066
4542
1077
3066
4540
0421
1413
3066
5772.
0611

06373

7740

p7740,

7740•

06374
06375
06376

0007
3100
0000

F' 100, .

7
3100

. 7522

*7522

06355

07522

8/5/72

PAGE 12-1

/MERGE IT lr.IITH THE GROUP
/,.LINE NUMBER ...
. /f.JAS THE STEP PART = 0?
/NO, AC = 4000; DO 1 LINE
· '/ OTHERWISE = 0; DO GROUP
/MUST SAVE CHAR

/ & SET IT TO A C.R.
.,.. FOR PROPER EXIT
/NOW GO 11 D0 11 ; • •

/RESTORE SAVED CHAR
/NOW GO DO NEXT COMMAND

100.0

~·

·/DON'T GO TO SVSTEM AF'TER "L"
POPJ

5541
$$$

;

/CONTINUE WITH NEXT' LINE

/tOCAL SEMINAR NOTES
~3041
AC1H
AC1L
0042
ALIGN 6623
ALitH 5341
AXO UT 0017
BASE
1361
8CD28N 5235
BINERR 5301
8IN28C 5262
8 It~281 5311
BIN282 5313
8 It~283 5322
BOTTOM 0035
CCR
0077
CF"RS . 0133
CHAR
0066
CHKCOM '1142
CNTR
0057
C200
0123
C260
0113
C7400 5260
C7760 5261
DATA
5124'
DCC ON 5321
DIGI
5337
1UGIT 5(13
DIG81 5363
DIGS2 5364
Dt~OR I
5342
DNORM 7335
DO
0420
DOUBLE 0127
DPRHff 5364
DPRitH 5375
DSIZE 0020
DUBLAD 5733
Dl.JORDS 0060
1743'
EFLIN
EF"UN2 1754
EFIJN3I 0136
ERROR2 4566·
ERRORS 2725
ERRPT 0166
EVAL
1613
EXP
0044
EX1
0040
FADD
1000·
3€10~3
F"DIV
0(100
F"EXT
FGET
0000
F"HALF" 5330
FINDLN 4555
FINT
4407
FISW
0052'
F'LAC
0044

PAL8-V7

FLTXR 0014
F"LTXR2 0015
FMUL
4000

nwR

700~3

FPCON 6173
.· F"POlJ
5~30i3
FPIJT
6000
F"SIJB
2000
F100
6374
'4545
GETC
· GETLN 4554
GINC
0070
GLIST 1377
GS1
1437
HORD
0045
INDEV 0064
Itff'IJT 0756
HHEGE 0053
LASTLN 0025
LI BRAR 7503
· LIM
1362
LINENO 0067
LORD
0046
MCOM
1136
MFLT
0117
Mit~SKl '0051

MINUSA 0112
MPER
0115
MULT10 5667
MIJLT2 5715
M10I
5340
M2
t:H 11
M20
0105
M240
0114
NAG%J 0065
OBLIST 2417
OCLIST 2414
OCOM
6311
OCOM1 6314
ODERf': 6337
ODO
6326
OUT DEV 0~363
· OVER 1 0(143
OVER2 0(147
PACl<C 4546
0022
PC
PC1
0614
PDLXR 0013
0102
PER
POPA
1413
POPF
4544
POPJ
5541
PRINTC 4551
PRNTLN 4553
0611
PROC

8/5/72

PT1
0030
PUS HA 4542
PUSHF" 4543
PUSHJ 4540
P13
0005
P17
0107
P177
0106
P7600 0104
P77
0122
P7740 6373
RE ADC 4552
REMAIN 5712
REMI
5336
RTL6
4557
SCALE '5333
SORTC 4550
SORTCN 0054
SORTJ .4547
SP NOR 4560
START 0177
TEM1
0044
TEM2
0040
TESTC 4564
TES TN 4561
THISLN 0023
. · TLIST 1400
TSTGRP 4563
TSTLPR 4562
Tl
0032
T2
0071
T3
0033
IJPACKD .5343
·UPACK1 5347
XA
1343
XAOP
6170
XA1
6160
XBI.
5204
XBO
5227
XCT
0020
.· 1553
XIN
XOUT
.5774
XP43
5226
XRT
0011
!>c:RT2
0012

·PACE 12-2

! .

/FOCAL DEBUG PATCHES #1

PAL8-V7

EVS/72

PAGE 1

/FOCAL DEBUG PATCHES #1
/DEBUGGING PATCHES FOR RUNNING FOCAL WITH
(1063

*63

.2732
02732

02762

*2732

f5342
2762

/CHANGE I,O ROUTINE POINTERS

/ERROR HANDLER PATCHES FOR IOF
JMP 2742

/HO WAITING FOR OUTPUT

NOP

~REMOVE

*2762

7000

/ADDlTI0~4AL

0001
00001
00002

0013 . p 13,
0100 Ci 00J
/NOl•J

1462
01462

02277

02545·

:+:1462

*2277

1(10

CHANGE ALL REFERENCES TO THEM.
/

GS2+1 11

UTE+1 11

TAD C100

·2545 ·*2545

3044 ··:+:3044
03044 . 1002
. 5065. . :+:5065
05065

/MOVE HIO Cot~STAtHS FROM ·Lacs 5 & 6

·b302

1001

THE "TLS"

PATCHES TO ALLOW THE USE OF OS/9 ODT:'

TAD P13

1001
2277

/ 11 0UTL 11
/ 11 I33 11

1354
2414

00063 1354
00064 .. 2414

"IO~":

PCK1+7 11

. TAD P13
/

RU82+2 11

TAD c: 10(1
/

STARTL+l 11 .

TADP13

...

PAGE 1.

/FOCAL DEBUG PATCHES #2.
/FOCAL DEBUG PATCHES #2

/DEBUGGING PATCHES FOR RUNNING FOCAL WITH "IOF"
/ WITH THE STANDARD "IOF" ROUTINES OVERLAID:
0063
0i3063
00(164

*63

DOUTL

2676
27134

DI33

:+:2732

2732

132732

/DEBUG LOW-SPEED OUTPUT
/DEBUG LOW-SPEED INPUT

/ERROR HANDLER PATCHES FDR IOF
.JMP 2742

5342

/NO WAITING FOR OUTPUT

>1<2762

2762
02762

/CHANGE I/O ROUTINE POINTERS

/REMOVE THE "TLS"

7000

. /ADDITIONAL PATCHES TO ALLOW THE USE OF 06/8 ODT:
0001
013001

0013
00(102 . 01013

/MOVE TltJO cm~STANTS FROM LOCS 5 t 6.

p 13,

c1130,

HH3

/NOlJ CHANGE ALL f':EFERENCES TO THEM.

1462

:+:1462

01462. 1001
2277

02277

02545

1001

UTE+1"

TAD CH10
>1<2545

/II

PCK 1.+7 11

TAD P13
:+:3044

/II

F.:UE:2+2

TAD c 10(~

1002 .
5(165

05065

*2277

1001.
3i344

03044

TAD P13

101!'.12
2545

/"GS2+1"

:+:5(\65

/ 11 S:TAF.~TL+1 11 .

TAD P13

/FOCAL .DEBUG PATCHES #2

PAGE 1-1

E.JECT

02676
~32677

1327(1(1
E127E11
132702
~327ft3

2676

*2676

/OVEf':LA'r' 'XOUTL'

001ZH3
6046

DOU TL,.

0
TL~3

T:3F
/SLOlJEST WAY
.JMP . -1
CLA
.JMP I DOU TL

61~141
5::~:i:~n3

7200
5676

DI33,

(127(14
[127(15
027136

(113 (1 (1
6(131
53~35

._I MP

~:::12707

6(136
0H16
7450
53135
1123
5704

k: !<: 8
AHD P177

02710
02711
02712
02713
02714

0
f<SF
. -1

St·~A

.JMP DI33+1
TAD C200
JMP I DI33

/IGNORE PARITV1 NULLS