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DEC-XV-XUSMA-A-D

December 1975

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Document:	XVM UNICHANNEL Software Manual
Order Number:	DEC-XV-XUSMA-A-D
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Pages:	202
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XVM UNICHANNEL
SOITWAREMANUAL
DEC-XV- XUSMA-A-O

XVM UNICHANNEL
SOFTWARE MANUAL
DEC-XV-XUSMA-A-D

digital equipment corporation · maynard. massachusetts

First Printing, December 1975

The information in this document is subject to change without notice
and should not be construed as a commitment by Digital Equipment
Corporation. Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility
for any errors that may appear in this document.
The software described in this document is furnished under a license
and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such
license.
Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility for the use or
reliability of its software on equipment that is not supplied by
DIGITAL.

1975 by Digital Equipment Corporation

The postage prepaid READER'S COMMENTS form on the last page of this
document requests the user's critical evaluation to assist us in preparing future documentation.

The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation:

DIGITAL
DEC
PDP
DECUS
UNIBUS
COMPUTER LABS
COMTEX
DDT
DECCOMM

DECsystem-10
DECtape
DIBOL
EDUSYSTEM
FLIP CHIP
FOCAL
INDAC
LAB-8

MASSBUS
OMNIBUS
OS/8
PHA
RSTS
RSX
TYPESET-8
TYPESET-10
TYPESET-ll

CONTENTS
Page

PREFACE
CHAPTER

CHAPTER

CP..APTER

INTRODUCTION

1-1

1.1
1.1.1
1.1. 2
1.1. 3
1.1.4
1.1. 5
1.1.5.1
1.1.5.2
1.1.5.3
1.1.5.4
1.1.5.5
1.1. 6
1.2
1. 2.1
1. 2.2
1. 2.3

XVM UNICHANNEL SOFTWARE COMPONENTS
XVM/PIREX
SPOL11
MAC11
ABSLll
UNICHANNEL Support Programs
Spooler Disk Area Generation (SPLGEN)
Spooler Installation Program (SPLOAD)
XVM Spooler Control Program (SPOOL)
XVM MAC11 Control Program (MAC11)
MCLOAD
System Software Modification
UNICHANNEL HARDWARE SYSTEM
Common Memory
Interrupt Link
Peripheral Processor Hardware

1-1
1-1
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-2
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-3
1-5
1-5

LOADING AND EXECUTION

2-1

2.1
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.3
2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
2.3.4
2.4
2.4.1
2.4.2
2.4.3
2.5
2.6
2.6.1
2.6.2
2.6.3

INTRODUCTION
LOADING THE SYSTEM
ABSLll
Loading ABSLll, XVM/PIREX, and XVM/DOS
PERIPHERAL OPERATION
Disk Cartridge
Plotter
Card Reader
Line Printer
ERROR HANDLING
Disk Cartridge Errors
Card Reader Errors
Spooler Errors
TASK CRASHES
UNICHANNEL RELATED SOFTWARE COMPONENT$
Uc15 Components
XVM/DOS Components
XVM/RSX Components

2-1
2-1
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-3
2-3
2-4
2-4
2-5
2-5
2-5
2-6
2-6
2-7
2-7
2-7
2-8

SYSTEM DESIGN AND THEORY OF OPERATION-PIREX

3-1

3.1
3.1.1
3.1. 2
3.1. 3
3.1. 4
3.1. 5
3.1. 6
3.1. 7

PIREX--PERIPHERAL EXECUTIVE
PIREX-An Overview
PIREX Services
Device Drivers
Software Routines in Background Mode
Unsupported Tasks
Optional LV Support
Optional DL Support

3-1
3-1
3-3
3-3
3-4
3-4
3-4
3-4

iii

1-1

CONTENTS (Cont)
Page

CHAPTER

3.1. 8
3.2
3.2.1
3.2.2
3.2.3
3.2.4
3.2.5
3.2.5.1
3.2.5.2
3.2.5.3
3.2.5.4
3.3
3.3.1
3.3.1.1
3.3.1.2
3.3.2
3.3.3
3.3.4
3.3.5
3.3.6
3.3.7
3.3.8
3.3.9
3.3.10
3.4
3.4.1
3.4.2
3.4.3
3.4.4
3.4.5
3.4.6
3.5
3.6
3.6.1
3.6.2
3.6.3
3.6.4
3.6.5
3.6.6

Power Fail Routine
PIREX - SIMPLIFIED THEORY OF OPERATION
NUL Task
Clock Task
Request Processing
Task Structure
Task control Block - TCB
API Trap Address and Level
Function Code
Task Code Number
Request Event Variable
SYSTEM TABLES AND LISTS
Active Task List (ATL)
ATL Nodes
ATL Node Pointer (ATLNP)
Task Request List (TRL)
TRL Listheads (LISTHD)
Clock Request Table (CLTABL)
Device Error Status Table (DEVST)
LEVEL Table
Task Starting Address (TEVADD)
Transfer Vector Table (SEND11)
System Interrupt Vectors
Internal Tables Accessible to All Tasks
DETAILED THEORY OF OPERATION--PIREX
Request Procedure
Directive Handling
Logic Flow
Operating Sequence
Software Interrupt
Task Completion
STOP TASKS
SOFTWARE DIRECTIVE PROCESSING
Disconnect Task Directive
Connect Task Directive
Core Status Report Directive
Error Status Report Directive
Spooler Status Report Directive
PIREX MOVE Directive

3-4
3-5
3-5
3-5
3-5
3-6
3-7
3-7
3-8
3-8
3-9
3-10
3-10
3-14
3-14
3-15
3-15
3-16
3-16
3-17
3-17
3-18
3-18
3-18
3-19
3-19
3-20
3-20
3-20
3-25
3-25
3-25
3-27
3-29
3-30
3-32
3-33
3-35
3-36

TASK DEVELOPMENT

4-1

4.1
4.2
4.2.1
4.2.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.5.1

INTRODUCTION
PRIORITY LEVEL DETERMINATION
Device Priorities
Background Task Priorities
TCB FORMAT AND LOCATION
TASK CODE NUMBER DETERMINATION
UPDATING LISTS AND TABLES
Temporary Task Installation - Existing
Spare Entry

4-1
4-1
4-2
4-2
4-2
4-3
4-4
4-4

CONTENTS (Cont)
Page

4.6.1.1
4.6.1.2
4.6.1.3
4.6.1.4
4.6.1.5
4.6.1.6
4.6.2
4.6.3
4.6.3.1
4.6.3.2
4.6.3.3
4.6.3.4
4.6.3.5
4.6.3.6
4.7
4.7.1
4.7.2
4.7.2.1
4.7.2.2
4.7.2.3
4.7.2.4
4.7.3
4.7.4
4.7.4.1
4.7.4.2

Permanent Task Installation - Existing
Spare Entry
Temporary Task - New Entry
Permanent Task Installation - New Entry
CONSTRUCTING DEVICE HANDLERS
Constructing a XVM/DOS UNICHANNEL
Device Handler
Initialization
.INIT Function
Request Transmission
Interrupt Section
.READ and .WRITE Requests
.CLOSE Function
PDP-11 Requesting Task
UNICHANNEL Device Handlers for XVM/RSX
Definition of Constants
Initialization
Requests
ABORT Requests
Interrupts
READ and WRITE Requests
BUILDING A XVM/PIREX DEVICE DRIVER
General Layout
Task Program Code
Code Sections
Task Entry - Initialization
Interrupt Processing
Exit Techniques
Timed Wakeup
Assembly and Testing
Assembly and Loading
Testing

4-23
4-23
4-24
4-24
4-26
4-26
4-26
4-27
4-27
4-27
4-53
4-53
4-53
4-54
4-55
4-55
4-56
4-56
4-62
4-62
4-63
4-65
4-66
4-66
4-66

SPOOLER DESIGN AND THEORY OF OPERATION

5-1

5.1
5.2
5.2.1
5.2.2
5.3
5.4
5.4.1
5.4.2
5.4.3
5.4.4
5.4.5
5.4.6
5.4.7
5.5
5.5.1
5.5.2

INTRODUCTION
OVERVIEW
SPOOLER
XVM UNICHANNEL Spooler
SPOOLER DESIGN
SPOOLER COMPONENTS
Request Dispatcher
Directive Processing Routines
Task Call Service Routines
Device Interrupt Dispatcher
Device Interrupt Service Routines
Utility Routines
Buffers, TABLE, BITMAP, TCBs
THEORY OF OPERATION
SPOOLER Startup
LP SPOOLING

5-1
5-1
5-1
5-1
5-2
5-2
5-3
5-3
5-3
5-3
5-4
5-4
5-5
5-5
5-6
5-31

4.5.2
4.5.3
4.5.4
4.6
4.6.1

CHAPTER

4-5
4-5
4-6
4-6
4-6

CONTENTS (Cent)
Page
5.5.3
5.5.4

LP Despooling
SPOOLER Shutdown

5-32
5-36

SPOOLER TASK DEVELOPMENT

6-1

6.1
6.1.1
6.1. 2
6.1. 3

INTRODUCTION
Call Service Routine
Interrupt Service Routine
Code to Handle the Disk Read/Write
Operations
Routine to Setup TCB and Issue Request
TCB
Initialization in the BEGIN Routine
Cleanup in the END Routine
Updating the Request Dispatcher
Updating the Device Interrupt Dispatcher
Updating TABLE
Updating the Central Address TABLE
Update DEVCNT and DEVSPP
Updating the FINDBK Routine
ASSEMBLING THE SPOOLER

6-1
6-2
6-3
6-3

APPENDIX A

ABBREVIATIONS

A-1

APPENDIX B

CURRENTLY IMPLEMENTED TCBs

B-1

STOP TASK (ST)
SOFTWARE DIRECTIVE TASK (SD)
DISK DRIVER TASK (RK)
LINE PRINTER DRIVER TASK (LP)
CARD READER DRIVER TASK (CD)
PLOTTER DRIVER TASK (XY)

B-2
B-3
B-3
B-5
B-7
B-9

UC15 RELATED ERROR MESSAGES

C-1

CHAPTER

6.1.4
6.1. 5
6.1.6
6.1. 7
6.1.8
6.1. 9
6.1.10
6.1.11
6.1.12
6.1.13
6.2

B.1
B.2
B.3
B.4
B.5
B.6
APPENDIX C

6-3
6-4
6-4
6~4

6-5
6-5
6-5
6-5
6-6
6-6
6-6

GLOSSARY

GLOSSARY-1

INDEX

INDEX-I

FIGURES
Page
Figure

1-1
1-2
1-3
3-1
3-2
3-3

3-4
3-5
3-6

3-7
4-1
4-2
4-3
5-1
5-2
5-3
6-1

UNICHANNEL Hardware System
Memory Map of a UNICHANNEL System
UNICHANNEL System
Basic Flow Chart of XVM/PDP-11 Request
Processing
Task Format
Detailed Flow Chart of XVM/PDP-11 Request
Processing
Scan of Active Task List (ATL)
Context Switch or Save General Purpose
Registers RO-R5
Send Hardware Interrupt to XVM/Software
Interrupt to PDP-11
Dequeue Node From Task's Deque
XVM LP11 DOS Handler
XVM CR11 XVM/RSX Handler
UNICHANNEL LP Driver
UNICHANNEL Spooler Components
Task Call Service Routine
Device Interrupt Servicing Logic (For LP)
SPOOLER Schematic

1-4
1-5
1-6
3-2
3-6
3-11
3-21
3-22

3-24
3-26

4-7
4-19
4-28
4-57
5-7
5-30
5-33
6-1

TABLE
Page
Table

1-1

Cornmon Memory Sizes

vii

1-4

LIST OF ALL XVM MANUALS

The following is a list of all XVM manuals and their DEC numbers, including the latest version available.

Within this manual, other XVM

manuals are referenced by title only.

Refer to this list for the

DEC numbers of these referenced manuals.
BOSS XVM USER'S MANUAL

DEC-XV-OBUAA-A-D

CHAIN XVM/EXECUTE XVM UTILITY MANUAL

DEC-XV-UCHNA-A-D

DDT XVM UTILITY MANUAL

DEC-XV-UDDTA-A-D

EDIT/EDITVP/EDITVT XVM UTILITY MANUAL

DEC-XV-UETUA-A-D

8TRAN XVM UTILITY MANUAL

DEC-XV-UTRNA-A-D

FOCAL XVM LANGUAGE MANUAL

DEC-XV-LFLGA-A-D

FORTRAN IV XVM LANGUAGE MANUAL

DEC-XV-LF4MA-A-D

FORTRAN IV XVM OPERATING ENVIRONMENT MANUAL

DEC-XV-LF4EA-A-D

LINKING LOADER XVM UTILITY MANUAL

DEC-XV-ULLUA-A-D

MACII XVM ASSEMBLER LANGUAGE MANUAL

DEC-XV-LMLAA-A-D

MACRO XVM ASSEMBLER LANGUAGE MANUAL

DEC-XV-LMALA-A-D

MTDUMP XVM UTILITY MANUAL

DEC-XV-UMTUA-A-D

PATCH XVM UTILITY MANUAL

DEC-XV-UPUMA-A-D

PIP XVM UTILITY MANUAL

DEC-XV-UPPUA-A-D

SGEN XVM UTILITY MANUAL

DEC-XV-USUTA-A-D

SRCCOM XVM UTILITY MANUAL
UPDATE XVM UTILITY MANUAL
VPl5A XVM GRAPHICS SOFTWARE MANUAL

DEC-XV-USRCA-A-D
DEC-XV-UUPDA-A-D
DEC-XV-GVPAA-A-D

VTl5 XVM GRAPHICS SOFTWARE MANUAL

DEC-XV-GVTAA-A-D

XVM/DOS KEYBOARD COMMAND GUIDE

DEC-XV-ODKBA-A-D

XVM/DOS READERS GUIDE AND
MASTER INDEX

DEC-XV-ODGIA-A-D

XVM/DOS SYSTEM MANUAL

DEC-~-ODSAA-A-D

XVM/DOS USERS MANUAL

DEC-XV-ODMAA-A-D

XVM/DOS VIA SYSTEM INSTALLATION GUIDE

DEC-XV-ODSIA-A-D

XVM/RSX SYSTEM MANUAL

DEC-XV-IRSMA-A-D

XVM UNICHANNEL SOFTWARE MANUAL

DEC-XV-XUSMA-A-D

PREFACE
This manual describes the XVM UNICHANNEL (UNICHANNEL) Software System
and its primary component PIREX, the peripheral processor executive.
No attempt is made in this document to describe the various UNICHANNEL
hardware instructions; those are explained in the UNICHANNEL-IS SyStem Maintenance Manual. However, examples of instruction sequences
will be used when necessary to clarify programming conventions or
illustrate important aspects of the UNICHANNEL Software System.
It is recommended that the reader have a thorough understanding of the
UNICHANNEL hardware components before attempting to proceed with this
manual. The user who plans to use the UN I CHANNEL Software System in
conjunction with some operating system on the XVM, and not modify
it, should gain a thorough understanding of Chapter I of this manual.
Users who wish to modify the UNICHANNEL XVM Software System should
read the UNICHANNEL XVM System Maintenance Manual. In addition, a
knowledge of PDP-II and its assembly language is necessary before attempting UNICHANNEL system modification.
A Glossary is included following the appendices, and should be used to
clarify terms not familiar to the reader. Program flow charts are
also included in this manual to aid the user in understanding the
logic flow.
The following documents also pertain to the UNICHANNEL System:
MACII XVM Assembler Language Manual
XVM/DOS Users Manual
XVM/DOS System Manual
XVM UNICHANNEL Software Manual
Instruction List for the PDP-IS
XVM Systems Reference Manual
XVM/DOS VIA System Installation Guide
RKII-E Controller Manual DEC-II-HRKA-B-D

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1

XVM UNICHANNEL SOFTWARE COMPONENTS

The XVM UNICHANNEL Software System consists of the following four
components:
1.

XVM/PIREX

SPOLll

MACll

ABSLll

1.1.1

XVM/PIREX

XVM/PlREX (peripheral executive), a component of the XVM UNICHANNEL
(UC15) Software System, is described in Chapters 3 and 4 of this manual.

XVM/PlREX (PlREX) is a multiprogramming peripheral processor

executive executed by the PDP-II.

It is designed to accept any number

of requests from programs on the DIGITAL XVM (XVM) or PDP-II and process them on a priority basis while processing other tasks concurrently
(e.g., spooling other I/O requests).

PlREX services all input/output

requests from the XVM in parallel on a controlled priority basis.
Requests to busy routines (tasks) are automatically entered (queued)
onto a waiting list and processed whenever the task in reference is
free.

In a background environment, PlREX is also capable of sup-

porting up to four priority-driven software tasks initiated by the
XVM or the PDP-II.
1. 1. 2

SPOLll

Spooling is a method by which data to and from slow peripherals is
buffered on an RK05 disk.

Spooling allows the XVM to access and out-

put data at high speed, freeing more of its time to do computation.
Programs that do a great deal of I/O, especially printing and plotting,
are not required to be core resident to complete the entire job.

This

frees the computer to quickly advance to more jobs, dramatically increasing the throughput of the entire system.

1-1

The SPOLll task per-

Introduction

mits simultaneous spooling of line printer and plotter output, and
card reader input.

The capacity of the spooler is user-defined with

a possible maximum of over 1,800,000 characters allowed.
1.1.3

MAC 1 1

MACll is a special version of the standard MACRO-II assembler available
on the traditional PDP-II computer system.
a task under the PIREX Executive.

This program is executed as

It is used to conditionally-assemble

various components of the UN I CHANNEL Software System.

Since this as-

sembler is a subset of MACRO-II, programs assembled under MACRO-II, will
not necessarily assemble under MACll.

In addition, programs written

and assembled under MACll will not necessarily operate correctly on
other PDP-II systems.

MACll produces assembly listings and absolute

binary paper tapes as outputs.

Detailed information concerning MACll

can be found in the MACll XVM Assembler Language Manual.
1.1.4

ABSLll

ABSLll is a XVM Hardware Read In Mode (HRM) paper tape program used
to bootstrap-load the UNICHANNEL peripheral processor with MACllgenerated absolute binary paper tapes.

While primarily designed to

load the PIREX executive into the PDP-II memory, ABSLll may be used
to load any absolute program into the PDP-II and optionally start it.
Additional information on ABSLll may be found in Chapter 2 of this
manual.
1.1.5
1.1.5.1

UN I CHANNEL Support Programs
Spooler Disk Area Generation (SPLGEN) - SPLGEN allows the user

to dynamically create or alter the RK disk area used by the UNICHANNEL
spooler on any RK disk unit (0 through 7).
1.1.5.2

Spooler Installation Program (SPLOAD) - SPLOAD allows the user

to install, on the system disk, the SPOLll paper tape produced by
MACII.
1.1.5.3

XVM Spooler Control Program (SPOOL) - SPOOL (SPOLlS) is used

to initiate or terminate UNICHANNEL spooling using any RK disk unit
which has been previously prepared for spooling by SPLGEN.

1-2

Introduction
1.1.5.4 XVM MACll Control Program (MACll) - MACll (MACINT) is used
to initiate, perform Input/Output for, and terminate the MACll assembler.
1.1.5.5 MCLOAD - MCLOAD allows the user to install on the system disk,
the MACll paper tape produced as a part of the XVM/DOS build process.
1.1.6

{

System Software Modification

The complete UNICHANNEL Software System may be modified or expanded by
the user when running under XVM/DOS or XVM/RSX programming systems. A
common editor, called EDIT, allows source changes to the XVM or
PDP-II software. MACRO XVM, the MACRO XVM Assembler, and MACll, a
PDP-II MACRO Assembler allow new object code to be generated. Both
the MACRO XVM and MACll assemblers are powerful MACRO assemblers that
facilitate easy code generation and source readability.
1.2

UNICHANNEL HARDWARE SYSTEM

The UN I CHANNEL hardware (see Figure 1-1) consists of a PDP-II minicomputer used as an intelligent peripheral controller for the larger
XVM main computer. The XVM functions as the master processor by
initiating and defining tasks while the PDP-II peripheral processor
functions as a slave in carrying out these tasks. In order to effectively operate, with a minimum of interference with the master processor, the peripheral processor uses its own local memory of between
8,192 and 12,288 16-bit words. Since peripheral control requires only
a fraction of the peripheral processor resources, the remainder of the
processor's resources can be used for parallel processing of background tasks.
1.2.1 Common Memory
Common memory is that memory directly accessible to both the master
processor - the XVM, and the peripheral processor - the PDP-II. Thus
common memory occupies the upper portion of the PDP-II address space
and at the same time the lower portion of the XVM address space. The
UNICHANNEL System allows any Non-Processor Request device on the UNIBUS to access XVM memory so that data can be transferred between I/O
devices and common memory.

1-3

Introduction

UP TO 128K
CORE MEMORY

CARTRIDGE
DISK

XVM MEMORY BUS

UNIBUS

XVM
COMPUTER

XVM

1/0 BUS

'- INTERRUPT
LINK

•
PDP-II
CORE MEMORY

8K OR 12K

•

PDP-II
COMPUTER

Figure 1-1
UNICHANNEL Hardware System

The use of common memory allows ease of data transfer between XVM
memory and secondary storage (disk, magnetic tape, etc.).
peripheral processor can access a maximum of 28K of memory.

The PDP-11
Table 1-1

shows the amount of Common memory accessible to a PDP-11 processor
with a given amount of Local memory.

Table 1-1
Common Memory Sizes
PDP-11 LOCAL
MEMORY SIZE

COMMON MEMORY
SIZE

20K

12K

16K

The UNIBUS can address the combined XVM/PDP-11 memory, which can
extend to a maximum of 124K.

For instance, the RK05 and its disk con-

troller can transfer information to or from a location outside of the
common memory region.

Figure 1-2 outlines a typical memory map of the

XVM and PDP-l1, illustrating the common shared memory address space
and the PDP-l1 local memory.

1-4

Introduction
128K

NOT ACCESSIBLE BY UNIBUS {
128K

116-124K

124K

112-12¢K

UNIBUS DEVICE_+"_ _ _ _ {
ADDRESSES

18 BIT
MEMORY
ACCESSIBLE BY
UNIBUS NPR
DEVICES

MEMORY ACCESSIBLE BY
XVM AND XVM I/O

<
28K

16-24K

(

ACCESSIBLE BY_+-_.(

8-12K

PDP-ll
{
"LOCAL PDP-11_"-+_ _t MEMORY
'-

16 BIT
MEMORY

NOT ACCESSIBLE BY XVM
OR XVM I/O

Figure 1-2
Memory Map of a UNICHANNEL System

1.2.2

Interrupt Link

The XVM central processor and the peripheral processor communicate with
each other through device interfaces.

When the XVM initiates a new

task, it interrupts the peripheral processo~ with a message.

The mes-

sage is designated as a Task Control Block Pointer (TCBP) and points
to a table (Task Control Block) in common me,nory where the task is
defined.

The peripheral processor performs the task and can signify

its completion by sending an optional interrupt back to the XVM.
1.2.3

Peripheral Processor Hardware

The UNICHANNEL System in its standard configuration consists of the
following equipment (Figure 1-3):

1-5

Introduction

r--------------------I UCI5

L ________________________

Figure 1-3
UNICHANNEL System

• PDP-II Peripheral Processor

•

•
•
•

DRlS-C Device Interface
Two DRll-C Device Interfaces
XMlS Memory Bus Multiplexer
8192 or 12288 Words of l6-Bit Local Memory

The PDP-II, which functions as the peripheral processor, can itself
only process l6-bit words but

co~trols

peripherals that can process

l8-bit words to provide compatibility with the XVM.

The DRlS-C and

the two DRll-C Device Interfaces provide the communication facility
between the XVM and the PDP-II.

The XVM can interrupt the PDP-II and

send a data word (TCBP) to the PDP-IIi this interrupts the PDP-II at
priority level 7 (the highest priority level) and causes a trap thru
location 3108.

The PDP-II, serving as a peripheral processor, can

interrupt the XVM to indicate an error condition or job completion at
anyone of 128 API vector locations at anyone of four API priorities. l
The XMlS Memory Bus Multiplexer functions as a memory bus switch to
allow either the XVM or the PDP-II to communicate with the common
memory.

The XMIS also provides the PDP-II with the capability of

performing byte instructions which reference XVM memory.

IThis applies to systems with the API option - systems without API can
use four skip instructions, corresponding to the four hardware priority
levels, to determine the nature of the interrupt.
1-6

CHAPTER 2
LOADING AND EXECUTION
2.1

INTRODUCTION

This chapter explains how to get the DEC-supplied XVM UNICHANNEL Software System up and running.

In addition, a list of the UNICHANNEL

software components used in the various XVM monitor systems is included.
For information on how to tailor the system to a specific configuration,
see the XVM/DOS System Installation Guide.
2.2

LOADING THE SYSTEM

The UN I CHANNEL system is activated by using ABSLll to load the PIREX
executive into the PDP-II UNICHANNEL local memory.

XVM/DOS is then

bootstrapped and the system is ready to:
1.

Continue running under XVM/DOS

Begin execution of BOSS XVM

Begin execution of XVM/RSX

2.2.1

ABSLll

ABSLll is an XVM absolute binary paper tape program which is read into
the XVM at location 17700
XVM.

via the Hardware Read In Mode (HRM) on the
8
It is used to load PDP-II absolute binary paper tape on to the

PDP-II.

This self starting program is written in MACRO XVM and octal.

(The PDP-II code is written in octal and assembled with MACRO XVM.)
Load ABSLll from the XVM High Speed Reader.

XVM will then halt.

the PDP-II from its console switches at 140000.

Start

Note that the previous

(DOS V3A) start addresses for ABSLll can also be used.

Once the

PDP-II is running, load the PDP-II tape into the XVM High Speed Reader.
Depress the Continue Switch on the XVM, and the paper tape will read
in.

Each data frame from the paper tape is transferred into the PDP-II

as soon as it is read.

At the end of the tape, XVM will halt with the

AC register equal to zero.

If the paper tape has a start address, the

2-1

Loading and Execution
PDP-II will begin execution at that address.

If the paper tape does

not have a start address, the PDP-II will halt.

To load another tape,

place it in the XVM High Speed Reader, and continue both machines.
Checksum errors are detected by the XVM and result in a halt with all
l's in the AC register.

The checksum error may be ignored by depres-

sing the CONTINUE switch on the XVM.
2.2.2

Loading ABSLll, XVM/PlREX, and XVM/DOS

The following is a step-by-step description of how ABSLll, XVM/PlREX,
and XVM/DOS are loaded.
1.

Place the ABSLll paper tape into the XVM paper tape reader.
The paper tape reader ON/OFF switch must be in the ON position.

Verify that the RK05 Disk Cartridge is loaded into drive and:
a.

The LOAD/RUN switch is in the RUN position.

The write ENABLE/PROTECT switch is in the ENABLE position.

Press the HALT switch on the PDP-II UNICHANNEL console.

On the XVM console, set the address register switches to
17700 (octal), then press STOP and RESET simultaneously.

On the XVM console, press READ IN.
should read in.

When the paper tape reader stops, observe the XVM accumulator
(AC) using the proper setting of the rotary register selector
and register select switch on the XVM console.

The ABSLll paper tape

If the AC is 0, proceed to step 7.

If the AC is not 0, retry starting at step 1.
(If this
fails consistently, there is either a bad ABSLll paper
tape or a hardware problem.)

On the PDP-II UNICHANNEL console, load the starting address
140000 for the PDP-II portion of ABSLll into the switch
registers:
Then press the PDP-II LOAD-ADR switch

On the PDP-II UNICHANNEL console, raise the HALT/ENABLE
switch to the ENABLE position and then press the START switch.
The PDP-II RUN light should now be on.

Remove the ABSLll paper tape from the reader and place the
PlREX paper tape into it.

10.

On the XVM console, press the CONTINUE switch.
tape should read in.

2-2

PlREX paper

Loading and Execution
11.

Remove the PIREX paper tape and verify that the bit 0 and RUN
lights on the PDP-II UNICHANNEL console are lit. This is an
indication that PIREX is running.

12.

Load the XVM/DOS Bootstrap tape (hardware read in mode tape)
into the Paper Tape Reader.

13.

Set Address Switches on the XVM Console to
a.

77637

57637

8
8

for a 32K or more XVM
for a 24K XVM

14.

On the XVM Console, press simultaneously STOP and RESET.

15.

On the XVM Console, press the READ IN switch.
Bootstrap tape should read in.

16.

XVM/DOS should announce itself. If not, check that the console terminal is powered up, is ONLINE and not out of paper.
Also check that the correct disk cartridge was loaded into
RK unit O.

2.3

PERIPHERAL OPERATION

2.3.1

Disk Cartridge

The XVM/DOS

On the front of the disk cartridge unit there are two (optionally a
third, ON/OFF) toggle switches, RUN/LOAD, and WRITE/PROT.
the disk, press ON (if present) and LOAD.

To load

Pull the door open.

Pick

up the cartridge by the molded hand-grip, metal side down, horizontal,
and slide gently into the path between the wire guides.
Put the LOAD/RUN switch into the RUN position.
the two lights, ROY and ON CYL will come on,
ridge is ready.

Shut the door.

In about 10 seconds,

i~dicating

that the cart-

To unload the disk, place the toggle switch on LOAD.

Wait for about 30 seconds until the LOAD light is on.

At this time,

the drive will release the cartridge with a noticeable' click' , only
then open the door and pull the cartridge out.
WARNING
Do not turn off the drive while unloading
(if drive has an OFF-ON toggle).
2.3.2

Plotter

Unlike the XY3ll, the XYIl does not have an offline switch.

In order

to be able to indicate the XYll plotter off-line condition, provision
is made in the software through the PDP-II console switches.

2-3

Loading and Execution

setting bit '2' of the console data/address switches in the up/on position ('1' state) the plotter can be put in the off-line mode.

This is

made possible by the plotter device driver task in PIREX, which monitors this bit before initiating each plotter I/O requests.

Once the

plotter problem condition (e.g., out of paper) has been corrected,
plotting will continue automatically when bit '2' of the console
switches is reset to zero (down position) •
The user is provided with the capability of halting the output on the
plotter at the end of current file in the spooled mode.
through bit '3' of the PDP-11 console switches.

This is done

By setting bit '3' of

the console data/address switches in the up/on position ('1' state)
output on the plotter can be halted at the end of current file.

The

plotter driver task in PIREX provides this facility by monitoring this
bit before initiating each plotter I/O requests.

After performing the

necessary operations on the plotter, output can be resumed by setting
bit '3' of the console switch in the down/off position ('0' state).
2.3.3

Card Reader

For the purposes of spooling, a card with ALT MODE, ALT MODE in columns
1 and 2 is used as an end-of-deck card.

The handler throws away such

cards, continuing on to the next card, so that the XVM program using
the handler never sees this card.

This card is used to force data

from a partially filled internal spooler buffer onto the disk where
it can be despoo1ed to the XVM.
2.3.4

Line Printer

Output to the Line Printer can be halted at the end of current file in
the spooled mode.
switches.

This is done through bit '1' of the PDP-11 console

By setting bit '1' of the console data/address switches in

the up/on position ('1' state), outputs on the line printer can be
halted at the end of current file.

The Line Printer driver task in

PIREX provides this facility by monitoring this bit before indicating
completion of .CLOSE I/O request processing.

After performing the

necessary operations on the line printer, output can be resumed by
setting bit '1' of the console switch in the down/off position ('1'
state) .

2-4

Loading and Execution
2.4

ERROR HANDLING

Within the PIREX system, the device drivers on the PDP-II side handle
errors by placing error condition indicators in a table in PIREX.

the XVM side, a "poller" (part of the resident monitor of the operating
system) periodically searches the table to see if any error messages
are to be printed.

In almost all cases the recovery is automatic when

the error condition is rectified.

See Appendix C for a list of UC15

related error messages.
2.4.1

Disk Cartridge Errors

Disk cartridges must be positioned properly during loading operations.
Improper positioning of the cartridge can result in a drive not ready
condition.
This condition can be eliminated in most instances by unloading the
cartridge, repositioning it properly and reloading the cartridge.
The above operations should be repeated a few times before reporting
the problem to your field service representative.

Do not force the

cartridge into or from position during the loading or unloading
operation.
2.4.2

Card Reader Errors

The system divides card reader errors into two groups:
software.

hardware and

A hardware error is a hardware read error (pick check, card

jam, etc.) or an illegal punch combination.

A software error is a

supply error (hopper empty, stacker full) or an off-line condition.
For all hardware errors, the card causing the error will be on the top
of the output stack.

With most hardware errors, the card reader will

stop, and a requisite light (i.e., pick check) will light on the
reader.

Remove the card, repair or replace it, and put it on the

front of the input stack.

Press the RESET button.

The driver receives

an interrupt when the device becomes ready again and will restart
automatically.
For software errors, the card in the output hopper has already been
read.

It is merely necessary to fix the supply error and press the

RESET button.

Note that the card reader can be stopped by pressing

the OFF-LINE button.

To restart, press the RESET button.
2-5

Loading and Execution

Illegal punch combination (IOPSUC CDU 72) and card column lost (IOPSUC
CDU 74) are exceptions to all other errors because in these cases
alone, the card reader will stop, remain on line, and no diagnostic
light will be lit.

The card causing the error will be in the top of

the output hopper.

(Mangled cards may cause an illegal punch combina-

tion error.)

Press the OFF-LINE button, repair or replace the faulty

card, put it on the front of the input stack, and press the RESET
button to restart.
2.4.3

Spooler Errors

During spooling operations, any unrecoverable disk error will result
in the automatic termination of SPOOLing.
I

Unrecoverable disk errors

include:
The attempt by the spooler to read/write a bad block on
the disk cartridge.
Setting the disk cartridge off line while SPOOLing,is
enabled.
(This is detected even if no Input/Output to the
disk cartridge is underway.)
The spooler is disconnected from PIREX upon the occurence of either
of the above errors.

The user may restart the spooler by issuing the

XVM/DOS "SPOOL" command.
2.5

TASK CRASHES

During program development under PIREX on the PDP-ll, the task under
development may crash.

Such crashes may not be apparent unless the

PDP-ll halts, because PIREX keeps both the RUN light and bit 0 lit as
if no problem existed.

2-6

Loading and Execution

2.6

UNICHANNEL RELATED SOFTWARE COMPONENTS

2.6.1

UC15 Components

NOMENCLATURE

SOURCE FILE NAME

BINARY FILE NAME

PIREX Executive

PIREX XXX

PIREX paper tape

SPOOLER

SPOLll XXX

SPOOL ***

PDP-II Absolute Loader ABSLll XXX *

ABSLll paper tape

MACll Assembler

MACll ***

2.6.2

Special DOS-II Tape**

XVM/DOS Components
NOMENCLATURE

SOURCE FILE NAME

BINARY FILE NAME

XVM SPOOLER Component

SPOL15

XXX

SPOOL ***

SPOOLER Disk Area
Allocation

SPLGEN

XXX

SPLGEN BIN

SPOOLER Image Loader

SPLIMG

XXX

SPLOAD BIN

MACll XVM Component

MACINT

XXX

MACINT ABS

MACll Image Loader

MACIMG

XXX

MCLOAD BIN

DOS Resident Monitor

RESMON

XXX

RESMON ****

DOS Non-Resident Monitor

DOSNRM

XXX

DOS15 ****

NOMENCLATURE

SOURCE FILE NAME

BINARY FILE NAME

XV..:1 LPll/LSll/LVll
Line Printer Handler

LPU.

XXX

LPA. BIN

XVM XYll/XY3ll Plotter
Handler

XYU.

XXX

XYA. BIN

XVM CRll Card Reader
Handler

CD. DOS

XXX

COB. BIN ****

*ABSLll requires a special assembler, that is not available as a
supported product.
Assembly of ABSLll with the standard MACRO
XVM Assembler produces a paper tape with a load address of 17720.
** The MACll source is a PDP-II DEC tape that must be assembled and
linked under DOS/BATCH-II. This tape is not available as a part of
the XVM/DOS kit.
*** SPOLll and MACll are combinations of XVM and PDP-II code segments.
**** These routines are versions of standard DOS-IS source f11es
.
- created using special assembly parameters - see the XVM/DOS VIA
System Installation Guide.

2-7

Loading and Execution

2.6.3

XVM/RSX Components
NOMENCLATURE

SOURCE FILE NAME

TASK NAME

RK05 Cartridge Disk File
Handler

RFRES

XXX

·...

Disk File Handler Overlay

RFOPEN

XXX

·...

Disk File Handler Overlay

RFCLOS

XXX

Disk File Handler Overlay

RFREAD

XXX

Disk File Handler Overlay

RFDLET

XXX

Disk File Handler Overlay

RFCREA

XXX

Line Printer Handler

LP.XX

SRC

Card Reader Handler

CD ••••

XXX

UNICHANNEL Poller

POLLER

XXX

Plotter Handler

XY.XX

SRC

·...
· ...
RK · ...
RK · ...
LP · ...
CD · ...
.POLLER
XY · ...

Executive

RSX.Pl
and
RSX.P2

XXX

2-8

XXX

CHAPTER 3
SYSTEM DESIGN AND THEORY OF OPERATION--PIREX
This chapter describes the design and theory of operation of the XVM
UNICHANNEL Peripheral Processor Executive.

Knowledge of this infor-

mation is necessary to successfully modify the XVM UNICHANNEL Software
System. Chapter 4 will discuss techniques for modification of the
PIREX system.
3.1

PIREX--PERIPHERAL EXECUTIVE

PIREX is a multiprogramming peripheral processor executive designed
to provide device driver support to operating systems on the DIGITAL
XVM main-processor.

PIREX is designed to be as independent of the

particular XVM operating system as possible, executing in conjunction
with XVM/DOS, BOSS XVM, or XVM/RSX.

The PIREX Software System is des-

igned to maximize flexibility and expandability and to minimize system
overhead and complexity.

To accomplish this, special software and

hardware features are designed into the system.
3.1.1

PIREX-An Overview

PIREX is loaded from the XVM high-speed reader into the PDP-II local
memory and automatically started.

Once running, PIREX is capable of

accepting multiple requests and directives from the XVM or PDP-II and
processing them on a controlled-priority basis.

Task requests are

automatically queued (see Figure 3-1) and processed whenever the task
in reference is free.

When a particular device or routine completes

the processing of a request, status information (e.g., parity or checksum errors, transfer OK, etc.) is passed back to the caller.
At the completion ofaXVM request, an optional hardware interrupt is
initiated in the XVM on anyone of 128 possible API trap locations and
at anyone of 4 hardware API levels if requested.

Since the software

completely determines which interrupt vector and level to use when
completing XVM requests, the routines initiating the interrupts could
actually be software routines used to simulate hardware conditions or

3-1

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

•.. SLAREQ

MASREQ .•.

SAVE R~-R5 ON
entry
BUMP PC SAVED
CURRENT STACK; I----~ IN STACK TO
UPDATE ENTRIES
RETURN ADDRESS
IN ATL NODE
MASREQ

entry
SWITCH TO
SYSTEM STACK

GET TCBP AND
RELOCATE IT.
GET TASK CODE

BUILD ATL NODE
Y

N
Y

TAKE REFERENCED
'----------.-t TASK AS SPOOLER

TELL XVM
ERROR TCB

QUEUE REQUEST
IN TASKS TRL

ESTABLISH TASK
STACK WITH
START ADDRESS
& PRIORITY

Figure 3-1
Basic Flow Chart of XVM/PDP-11 Request Processing

3-2

System Design and Theory of Operation--PlREX

just software tasks.

If the request is issued from the PDP-II, the

user may request an optional software interrupt after completion of the
current request.
3.1.2

PlREX Services

The PlREX executive consists of modules that provide support for multiple I/O oriented tasks operating asynchronously with each other.

addition, support is provided for other background tasks such as MACll.
The services provided to tasks operating under PlREX include:
•

Context switching - transferring control of the PDP-II
Central Processing unit (CPU) from one task to another.

•

Interprocessor communication - receiving requests for
service from, and, sending results to the XVM main
processor.

•

Intraprocessor communication - receiving requests for
service from, and, sending results to tasks operating on
the PDP-II peripheral processor.

•

Scheduling - determining which task is to execute next.

•

Request Queuing - stacking requests for a busy task until
i t is able to process them.

•

Timing - providing a timed wake-up service for requesting
tasks.

•

Error Reporting - providing a list of current device and
task errors to the XVM executive, on demand.

•

Directive Processing - providing the XVM monitor with
specific services such as: notification of available
memory space, connecting, disconnecting or stopping tasks
and returning the status of certain tasks.

These services are provided to both device driver tasks and background
tasks.
3.1.3

Device Drivers

Device Drivers are tasks that typically perform rudimentary device
functions such as read, write, search, process, interrupt, etc.

They

can, however, be complete handlers, performing complex operations such
as character generation and directory searching.

PlREX provides each

driver with requests for I/O actions and returns the results of the
actions to the caller.

Associated drivers are provided for the RK05

Disk Cartridge, the LPll/LSll/LVll Line
and the XYll Plotter.
3-3

Pr~nter,

the CRll Card Reader,

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

3.1.4

Software Routines in Background Mode

The following are run as background tasks--executing only when I/O
drive tasks are idle:

3.1.5

SPOLll -- an input/output spooling processor

MAC11 -- A MACRO assembler for the PDP-II
Unsupported Tasks

All tasks supplied with the PIREX software system are fully supported
by Digital Equipment Corp. except the DECtape Driver task (DT).

The

DT task has not been completely tested, but is included in the system
for illustrative purposes and for anyone who may desire to develop
DECtape capability on the PDP-II.
3.1.6

Optional LV Support

For reasons of packaging optional LV support on a printer and a plotter
is present in the standard PIREX ($LV=O).
only at the device driver level.

This support, however, is

The PDP-IS side modules display-file-

to-vector, vector-to-raster, and LV I/O handler may be purchased separately.

Information is available through PDP-IS Marketing.

3.1.7

Optional DL Support

The DL-ll is supported as a communications protocal device between a
DEC system-lO and a PDP-IS.

The code for this support is purchased

separately and is available from the SDC.

Information is available

through PDP-IS Marketing.
3.1.8

Power Fail Routine

A power fail section is present in PIREX.

It is, however, not sup-

ported by DEC and currently only saves the general registers and does
not attempt to handle I/O in progress.

This routine could be expanded

by the user into a complete power fail handler.

3-4

System Design and Theory of Operation--PlREX

3.2
3.2.1

PlREX - SIMPLIFIED THEORY OF OPERATION
NUL Task

When the PlREX Software System is running, it is normally executing the
NUL Task (a PDP-II WAIT instruction).

The NUL Task is executed when-

ever there are no other runnable tasks or while all other tasks are in
the WAIT state waiting for previously initiated I/O.

The NUL Task

entry is a permanent element in the Active Task List.

The Active Task

List is a priority ordered list of tasks that is used to schedule the
next task to be executed.

The NUL task occupies the last position in

the Active Task List (ATL).
3.2.2

Clock Task

One other permanent entry in the ATL is the Clock Task.

The Clock Task

is entered once every 16.6 milliseconds for 60 Hz machines (20.0 milliseconds for 50 Hz).

Its primary function is to provide other tasks

with a wake up service.

A typical use of the Clock Task would be to

wake up the Line Printer Task every two seconds to check the Line Printer
status for a change from OFF LINE to ON LINE.

The Clock Task operates

at the highest priority on the ATL.
3.2.3

Request Processing

When the XVM issues a request to the PDP-II to be carried out by PlREX,
it does so by interrupting the PDP-II at level 7 (the highest PDP-II
priority level) and simultaneously passing it the address of a Task
Control Block (TCB) through the interrupt link.
the Task Control Block Pointer (TCBP).

This address is called

A PDP-II task can issue re-

quests to other tasks via the lREQ macro.

The lREQ macro simulates

the XVM request process and results in a TCBP being passed to PlREX.
The contents of the Task Control Block completely describe the request
(task addressed, function, optional interrupt return address and level,
status words, etc.).

The TCB will reside in the 'Common' Memory if

the request is issued from the XVM or in the 'Common' or 'Local'
Memory if the request is issued from the PDP-II.
The flow chart in Figure 3-1 illustrates the basic processing of
requests to PlREX from the XVM or the PDP-II.

Note that error condi-

tions are passed back to either central processor in the TCB or via
an error table to the XVM monitor poller along with status information

3-5

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX
necessary for control and monitoring of a request.

usually the request

is to a device on the PDP-ll but other types are allowed.
3.2.4

Task Structure

A task is a PDP-ll software routine capable of being requested by the
XVM or PDP-ll through the PIREX software system.

The task may be a

device driver, a directive processor, or just a software routine used
to carry out a specified function.

A task must have the format shown

in Figure 3-2, TASK FORMAT.

****

LOWER CORE

* *
task stack area

* *
****
control register

* *
****

busy/idle switch

* *
* *
****

* *
* *

task program
code

* *
* *
****

HIGHER CORE

Figure 3-2
Task Format
This structure consists of four sections7 two are variable in size and
two are fixed.
The "task program code" size is variable and contains the programming
code necessary to carry out the task function.
The "busy/idle switch" consists of two words and is used by PIREX to
determine if a task is busy or idle.

The

TCBP of the current request

is stored in this section when the task is busy.

This also enables a

task to easily access the TCB.
The "control register" is either a dummy address (an address which
points to an unused software variable) or the address of a device
3-6

System Design and Theory of Operation--PlREX
control register if the task is an I/O driver.

This word is used only

by the STOP TASKS (ST) task when shutting down I/O operations.
The "stack area" begins immediately below the control register and
builds dynam'::'cally downwards.

The purpose of the stack is to allow

each task free use of a private space for temporary storage of data
while it is executing and all its active registers during times when
other higher priority tasks are being run.

The stack area must be

large enough to store the maximum number of temporary var.iables used
at anyone time plus one context register save.

A context save requires

8 words of stack area plus an additional 3 words if the PDP-II has an
Extended Arithmetic Element (EAE).

The stack size is fixed and deter-

mined at PlREX assembly time.
3.2.5

Task Control Block - TCB

Tasks, in PlREX, receive requests for action and return the results of
their action in blocks of information called Task Control Blocks (TCB).
The general format of a TCB consists of three words followed by taskspecific optional words.

The following information must be present

in all TCBs since PlREX will honor requests in this format only.

TCB:

API TRAP ADDRESS

REV:

ITASK CODE NUMBER
FUNCTION CODE
REQUEST EVENT VARIABLE

WORD 0

API LEVEL

OPTIONAL WORDS
3.2.5.1

WORD 1
WORD 2
WORD 3-N

API Trap Address and Level - The API trap address is a XVM

API trap vector and has a value between 0 and 1778 when a hardware
interrupt on the XVM is required.

o in the XVM.

Location 0 corresponds to location

The "API" level is the priority level at which the

interrupt will occur in the XVM and has a value between 0 and 3 when
a hardware interrupt on the XVM is required.
0, a 1 for levell, etc.

A 0 signifies API level

The API trap address and level are used by

tasks in the PDP-II when informing the XVM that the requested operation
is complete (e.g., a disk block transferred or line printed).

If the

XVM master computer doesn't have API or if API is not enabled, the
PDP-II issues an interrupt that when received is polled by the XVM using
l
4 UCIS skips (one per level) on the traditional skip chain.

lAPI is optional on PDP-IS's, standard on XVM's.

3-7

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX
3.2.5.2

Function Code - The Function Code determines whether hardware

interrupts on the PDP-IS or software interrupts on the PDP-II are to be
used at the completion of the request.

If the code has a value of 0,

a hardware interrupt is generated on the XVM at the completion of the
request; if a 1, an interrupt is not made.

If the Function Code is a

3, a software interrupt is issued by PIREX.

The task routine or pro-

gram using this facility sets up the trap address in the SENDll table
in PIREX prior to issuing the request to the task.

The task or route

should return to PIREX after interrupt processing through an "RTS PC"
instruction.
3.2.5.3

All registers are available for use by tasks.

Task Code Number - The Task Code Number (TCN) is a positive

(1-177 )1 or a negative (200-377 ) 7-bit number plus a sign bit that
8
8
informs PIREX which task is being referenced. The mnemonic TCN as
used in this manual refers to the 7-bit portion of the Task Code
Number.

Tasks are addressed by a numeric value rather than by name.

Tasks with positive code numbers are spooled tasks and tasks with
negative code numbers are unspooled tasks.

When the SPOOLER (see

Chapter 5) is enabled and running, requests to spooled tasks are
routed to the SPOOLER.

When the SPOOLER is disabled, requests to

spooled tasks are routed directly to device drivers.
Task Code Numbers are currently assigned as follows:
CODE
_1 3

TASK

TCN

CL task (Clock)
ST task (stop Task)

Software task

201

SD task (Software Directive)

Directive task

202

RF task

203

DT task (DECTAPE)

Driver task

LP task (Line Printer)

Driver task

CD task (Card Reader)

Driver task

200

-1

(Cartridge Disk)

Driver task

PL task (Plotter)

Driver task

207

SP task (Spooler)

Background task

210

LV task (Printer/Plotter)

Driver task

211

DL task (Hurley proto cal
communication task)

Driver task

212

Currently not used

213

Currently not used

214

Temporary Task Entry

Temporary task

lA task code of 0 indicates the STOP TASKS DIRECTIVE - See Section 3.5
2 The code column corresponds to the typical task code in the TCB
3The minus 1 is represented internally as 377

3-8

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

PIREX is currently capable of handling these 14 tasks.
l
are spare task codes available for customer use.
3.2.5.4

Tasks 11-14

Request Event Variable - The REQUEST EVENT VARIABLE, commonly

called REV, is initially cleared by PIREX (set to zero) when the TCB
request is first received and later set to a value "n"
ciated task) at the completion of the request.

(by the asso-

The values of "n" are:

request pending or not yet completed

request successfully completed

-200

(mod 2 16 _1) nonexistent task referenced
16
(mod 2 _1) illegal API level given (illegal values

-300

are changed to level 3 and processed)
-400

16
(mod 2 _1) illegal directive code given

-500

16
(mod 2 _1) no free core in the PDP-II local memory

-600

16
(mod 2 _1) ATL node for this TCN missing

-777

16
(mod 2 _1) request node was not available from the
POOL (i.e. , the node POOL was empty, and the referenced task was currently busy or the task did not
have an ATL node in the Active Task List)

When an address is passed in a TCB as data, the receiver of the address
must relocate it to correspond to the addressing structure in its
memory space.

For example, a PDP-IS address passed to the PDP-II

must first be multiplied by two to convert word to byte addressing
and then the local memory size (LMS) of the PDP-II must be added.
For example,
PDP-II address = (PDP-IS address *2) + LMS on PDP-II
The reverse is true for a PDP-II address received by the XVM.
example,
XVM address

= (PDP-II address - LMS)/2

lsee Section 4.4 for further information.

3-9

For

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

3.3

SYSTEM TABLES AND LISTS

The PIREX system uses various tables, lists, and deques to control
events within the system.
3.3.1

Active Task List (ATL)

The selection of a task for execution by PIREX is accomplished by first
scanning a priority-ordered linked list of all active tasks in the
system called the Active Task List (ATL).

An active task is one which

satisfies one or more of the following conditions:
1.

is currently executing

has a new request pending in its deque

is in a wait state, or

has been interrupted by a higher priority task

A task is inactive if there is no ATL node for it.

A task can be in

anyone of the following states:
CODE

STATE

ACTIVITY

run

active

wait

active

exit

inactive

When a runnable task is found, the stack area and general purpose registers belonging to that task are restored and program control is transferred to it through an RTI instruction.

Program execution normally

begins at the first location of the task diagram code (see Figure 3-3)
or at the point where the task was previously interrupted by a ?igher
priority task, or in special cases at any desired location in the task
using the 'PC' setting on the stack as in the RK task's error retry
program logic.

When a task is interrupted by other tasks, its general

purpose registers are saved on its own stack.

Control is returned to

the interrupted task by restoring its stack pointer and then its active
registers.

3-10

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

MASREQ .•.

XVM TO
PIREX REQUES

SLAREQ .•.

SAVE R,0-RS ON
CURRENT STACK;
UPDATE ENTRIES
IN ATL NODE

PDP-l1+PIREX
REQUEST

SLAREQ

entry

BUMP PC SAVED
ON STACK TO
RETRY ADDRESS

MASREQ

entry
READ TCBP FROM
INTERRUPT LINK ~~----~
& RELOCATE TCB

SWITCH TO
SYSTEM STACK

GET TCBP AND
~------~ RELOCATE IT.
GET TASK CODE

..• next page

REFERENCED
TASK AS SPOOLER

L -________________~TAKE

Figure 3-3
Detailed Flow Chart of XVM/PDP-ll Request Processing

3-11

System Design and Theory of Operation--PlREX

CALLTK
AA

LVL7~3

••.

••• next
page

SET EVENT VARIABLE
IN CALLERS TCB TO
'-2~~', INDICATING
THAT AN ILLEGAL
TASK (NON-EXISTENT
ONE) WAS SPECIFIED

LVL7~4

SEND INTERRUPT BACK
(IF REQUESTED) INFORMING THAT THE
REQUEST COULD NOT
BE PROCESSED

AS.El

,
I

Rescan

the ATL
from the top.
See Figure 3-4.

Figure 3-3 (Cont.)
Detailed Flow Chart of XVM/PDP-ll Request Processing

3-12

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

GET A NODE FROM
POOL AND MOVE
IT TO THE REFERENCED TASKS
DEQUE SAVE THE
18 BIT TCBP IN
THE NODE SO TASK
WILL HAVE IT
WHEN NEEDED.

USE TCBP TO SET
TASK'S IDLE/BUSY
REGISTER TO BUSY
AND CLEAR THE EV
IN CALLERS TCB.

LVL7~5

•

••••

SET CALLERS EV
TO -777 (WORD
16) INDICATING
THAT THE 3YSTEM
IS TEMPORARILY
OUT OF NODES IN
THE POOL.

SCAN THE ATL
FOR AN ENTRY
(PRIORITY WISE)
FOR THIS NODE

ReSCan the
-~

REMOVE NODE FROM
POOL AND PUT IN
ATL

FILL IN TASK
PRIORITY TASK
CODE NUMBER,
AND TASK STACK
POINTER IN ATL
NODE

SET TASK PRIORITY
AND TASK START
ADDRESS IN TASK'S
STACK AREA TO BE
USED WHEN TASK
IS EXECUTED

Figure 3-3 (Cont.)
Detailed Flow Chart of XVM/PDP-ll Request Processing

3-13

ATL from
{

top. See
Figure 3-4.

System Design and Theory of Operation--PlREX

The ATL is rescanned when:
1.

a new request is issued to a task

a previous request is completed

at the end of a clock interrupt

a task goes into a wait state

A task is said to be in a "wait" state when its ATL node exists and it
is not runnab1e.
3.3.1.1

ATL Nodes - The Active Task List is a linked list containing

4 word entries called nodes.
An ATL node has the following structure:
WORD 1

Forward pointer to next node

WORD 2

Backward pointer to previous node

WORD 3

Stack pointer of task

WORD 4

115114113112111110191817161514131211101
_____

Task Priority

-.J,.r

_ _ _ _ _ _JJ

~,,

Indicator~

Spooling
o = spooled
1 = not spooled
Task Code Number

(TCN)------------~

TASK STATUS (States defined in

3.3.1)--------~

The ATL is referenced by a 2-word 1isthead.

The listhead contains

backward and forward links pointing to the first and last nodes in the
list.

The ATL is a priority-ordered list.

3.3.1.2

ATL Node Pointer (ATLNP) - Each task has a pointer to its

Active Task List Node (see Section 3.3.1.1) stored in the ATLNP
table.

This table is in TCN order.

An entry is 0 if the task is

inactive.

3-14

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

The format of an ATLNP entry is:

NAME

task-code-number

These entries are filled dynamically by PIREX with actual pointers.
3.3.2

Task Request List (TRL)

The Task Reqtlest Lists are doubly-linked, deque-structured lists of
pending TCBs.

If when a request arrives, the target task is busy,

PIREX places the TCB pointer (TCBP) onto the busy task's deque for
later processing.

This deque is the Task Request List.

A TRL node has the following structure:
WORD 1

Forward pointer to next node.

WORD 2

Backward pointer to previous node.

Most significant bits of the TCBP (XVM bits 0 and 1)
WORD 4

16 least significant bits of TCBP (XVM bits 2-17)

Each TRL is referenced by a two-word listhead.

The listhead contains

backward and forward links pointing to the last and first nodes of a
given task's TRL.
3.3.3

The TRL is built on a first come first serve basis.

TRL Listheads (LISTHD)

Each task has its own Task Request List,

(TRL).

Each LISTHD entry is

a double-linked listhead used to point to a task's TRL.
is a TCN ordered list.

lThe "NAME task-code-number" is a conunent

3-15

The LISTHD

System Design and Theory of Operation--PlREX

The format for an entry is:
LISTHEAD

where:
1.

LISTHEAD is a system macro

XX is a two character task mnemonic (i.e., LP for Line
Printer Task).

3.3.4

Clock Request Table (CLTABL)

The Clock Table (CLTABL) contains entries for one timing (wake up) request from each task.

The format of a CLTABLE entry is:

=
.WORD 1

Time Word

.WORD 1

Address Word

Where the first word is remaining time before wakeup and the second
word is the address for a JSR PC, XXX instruction.

The JSR occurs at

clock interrupt level (6).

The user must do an RTS PC to return con-

trol to the clock routine.

Time is measured in line frequency ticks:

16.6 milliseconds/tick for 60 Hz Systems.
request by clearing the time word.

A task may cancel a timing

A request for a wakeup is made by:

Placing the address of the routine to be called into
word 2 - then

Placing the time delay (measured in 1/60 sec. increments)
into the time word.

The above sequence must be exactly followed.
details on the use of wakeup calls.
3.3.5

See Chapter 4 for further

CLTABL is a TCN ordered list.

Device Error Status Table (DEVST)

The DEVST table is used to store error status codes for delayed transfer to the XVM monitor.

The XVM monitor contains a routine called the

IXX represents the task mnemonic (e.g., RK.CL)

3-16

System Design and Theory of Operation--PlREX

"Po11er" which periodically requests error status codes from PlREX using
a "get errors" software directive.

This method of error transmission is

useful for delayed error messages--such as those recognized on spooled
devices.

The specific XVM I/O handler may no longer be present in the

PDP-1S's memory--thus the Request Event Variable (REV) method of returning error status would be useless.

The "Po11er" requests the entire

DEVST table and reports those events on the system console terminal.
A "Get Errors" directive clears the DEVST table upon completion.

The

reporting task may, for instance, correct the error condition before
the "Get Error" directive is issued.

When this happens, the task could

simply clear its message from the DEVST table and thus eliminate a
spurious message.

DEVST is a TCN ordered table.

The format of a DEVST

entry is as follows:
WORD 1

TASK (MNEMONIC IN SIXBIT/RADSO RIGHT JUSTIFIED)

WORD 2

SPARE (used to report bad block numbers, and, to
report disconnected spooler unit)

WORD 3

ERROR CODE:

SPOOLER ERROR CODE (HIGH BYTE)
TASK ERROR CODE (LOW BYTE)

3.3.6

LEVEL Table

The LEVEL table (task priority level) is used by the R.SAVE context
switch routine to determine the priority level of the task about to
begin execution.

All interrupt vectors must specify a priority 7

entry into their respective interrupt routines.

Upon entry, R.SAVE

should be called to save the interrupt task state and return control
to the interrupt processing routine at the proper priority--found in
the LEVEL table.

The LEVEL table is a TCN ordered task.

The LEVEL table entry format is:
.BYTE task priority *40
3.3.7

Task Starting Address (TEVADD)

The TEVADD Table contains the starting address of all defined tasks.
The system currently has room for 13

tasks of which three are tempor-

ary entries used for tasks CONNECTED to and DISCONNECTED from PlREX.
MAC11 is such a temporary task and uses the table entries of the currently unused highest task code.

All PlREX systems must have at least

3-17

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

one highest unused task entry to allow use of MACll.

The TEVADD table

is TCN ordered.
The format of a TEVADD table entry is:
.WORD START

task name

where START is either:
1.

The starting address of the task, or,

0 indicating that this entry is currently unoccupied.

where "Task name" is a comment.
3.3.8

Transfer Vector Table (SENDll)

The SENDll table is used to store transfer vectors for use when issuing
IREQ macro calls.

The entry is the address at which the requesting

routine receives control back from PIREX.

This table is TCN ordered.

The format of a SENDll entry is:

task-name

task-code-number

where "task name task-code-number" is a comment.
3.3.9

System Interrupt Vectors

The device interrupt vector-pairs consist of interrupt routine address
and priority level.
Level-7 "only".

The priority level of "all" devices shoul.d be

This is to permit PIREX to do a context switch before

processing the interrupt.
3.3.10

Internal Tables Accessible to All Tasks

All tasks in the PIREX system can easily access internal routines and
tables through the use of the system registers.

These registers begin

at absolute location 1002

in the PDP-II and contain either pointers
8
to internal tables and listheads or entry points to commonly used sub-

routines.

The following list summarizes these registers.

3-18

System Design and Theory of Operation--PlREX

LOCATION

MNEMONIC

DESCRIPTION

01002

SEND11

INT. RETURN ADD. (ON 11) ON END
OF I/O
CURRENT TASK RUNNING
ADDRESS OF POOL LISTHEAD
ADDRESS OF TASK LISTHEADS
ENTRY POINT TO REGISTER SAVE
ENTRY POINT TO REGISTER RESTORE
ENTRY POINT TO ATL RESCAN
ENTRY POINT TO NODE MOVER
ENTRY POINT TO DEQUEUE
ENTRY POINT TO SEND INTERRUPT
ENTRY POINT TO EMPTY A DEQUE
ATL NODE POINTER TABLE
ENTRY POINT TO RETURN ATL NODE
SPOOLER SWITCHES ADDRESS
REUTURN INST. ADD. FOR PIC CODE
CURRENT NBR OF TASKS
ENTRY POINT TO PWR FAIL DOWN
ENTRY POINT TO PWR FAIL UP
SPOOLER SWITCHES
DEVICE ERROR STATUS TABLE
TABLE, A TlME-ADDR PAIR FOR EACH
TASK
ENTRY TO -SET TASK IN WAIT
STATE-ROUTINE
ENTRY TO -SET TASK IN RUN STATEROUTINE
TABLE OF TASK START ADDRESSES
PlREX DEVICES SWITCH
DEVICES SPOOLED SWITCH
XVM CTL C RUNNING COUNTER
UNIT CURRENTLY BEING SPOOLED TO

01004
01006
01010
01012
01014
01016
01020
01022
01024
01026
01030
01032
01034
01036
01040
01042
01044
01046
01050
01052

CURTSK:

000000
POL.LH
LISTHD
R.SAVE
R.REST
AS.E1
MOVEN
DEQU
SEND15
EMPTY
ATLNP
RATLN
SPOLSW
RTURN
NBRTEV: NTEV
PWRDWN: RTURN
PWRUP: RTURN
SPOLSW: 000000
DEVST
CLTABL

01054

DEQU1

01056

CEXIT

01060
01062
01064
01066
01067

DEVARE :
DEVSPL:
CTLCNT:
SPUNIT:

TEVADD
• WORD DEVTYP
.WORD o
.WORD o
• WORD o

These registers are accessed as absolute memory locations by various
permanent and temporary tasks.
this table is permitted.

NO CHANGE in the location or order of

New system registers may be added to the

end of this table.
3.4
3.4.1

DETAILED THEORY OF OPERATION-PIREX
Request Procedure

The UC15 system allows the XVM to initiate requests to the PDP-II by
interrupting at the highest PDP-II hardware level and simultaneously
passing to it an l8-bit Task Control Block address.

Only the first 16
.

bits are used because PlREX does not support a memory management opt1on
on the PDP-II.

Requests from the XVM or PDP-II could be for:

1 Memory management hardware support is not a feature of PIREX.
3-19

System Design and Theory of Operation--PlREX

a directive-handing routine

a data transfer to or from a device driver task on the PDP-II

a background software routine (task)
Directive Handling l

3.4.2

Directive handling consists of such functions as:
1.

Connecting and disconnecting tasks from the PlREX system

Reporting core status on the PDP-II local memory to the
calling routine

Stopping I/O on a particular device or all devices

Reporting UNIBUS device status to the calling routine

Stopping any or all tasks currently running

Reporting spooler status to the caller

3.4.3

Logic Flow

The flow charts in Figures 3-3, 3-4, and 3-5 illustrate in detail the
program logic flow when a request from the XVM or PDP-II is made to
PlREX. Note that PlREX is capable of servicing requests in parallel
on a priority basis.
3.4.4

Operating Sequence

PlREX is usually running the NUL task waiting for something to do.

When

a request is issued from the XVM or PDP-II, PlREX immediately:
1.

saves the general-purpose registers onto the stack belonging
to the current task running

saves the stack pointer in the ATL nodes

sets the task in a RUN state

switches to the system stack (refer to Figure 3-5)

All of the preceding is done at level 7 (protected).

The system stack

is used when switching between tasks or rescanning the ATL.

lSee Section 3.6 for additional information.
2See Section 3.5 for additional information.
3-20

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

BEGIN SCAN OF
ATL STARTING AT

ADVANCE SEARCH
TO NEXT NODE

REMOVE THE TASK
STATUS (TS) FROM
NODE AND USE IT
TO DISPATCH TO
THE APPROPRIATE
PROCESSING
ROUTINE

TS=2
AS.TE

AS.STP

A RUNNABLE TASK
HAS BEEN FOUND,
SAVE SYSTEM
STACK POINTER,
AND SWITCH TO
NEW TASK'S STACK

TASK IS IN A
WAIT STATE,
BY-PASS IT.

TASK MUST BE
STOPPED. RETURN
TO ATL NODE TO
POOL. (KEEP LINK
TO NEXT NODE.)

Figure 3-4
Scan of Active Task List (ATL)

3-21

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

SAVE RI-R5 (R~
SAVED ON CALL)
AND AC,MQ,SC IF
EAE OPTION

GET TASK CODE
(TCN) AND BUMP
~ TO RETURN
ADDRESS

SAVE CURRENT
TASK'S 'SP' IN
ATL NODE

SET ' SP' FROM
INTERRUPTING
TASKS ATL NODE

SET TASK IN
RUN STATE

LOWER PRIORITY
LEVEL OF TASK

Figure 3-5
Context Switch or Save General Purpose Registers RO-R5

3-22

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

In the case ofaXVM request, the TCBP (Task Control Block Pointer)
register is now immediately read by the PDP-II allowing additional requests to be made.

PIREX corrects the TCBP by an amount equal to the

PDP-II local memory when a request comes from the XVM.

The TCBP is

present in R4 and RS when the IREQ macro is issued by a PDP-II routine
and the PDP-II is able to address the TCB directly and retrieve information from it.

The task code number is then obtained from the caller

TCB and used to determine which task or directive that is being
referenced.
A check is made to determine if the called task is a spooled task or
not.

If bit 7 = 0, it is a spooled task and if bit 7 = 1, it is an

unspooled task.

If the called task is a spooled task and if the SPOOLER

is enabled, the request is processed by the SPOOLER.

If the SPOOLER

is not enabled, a check is made to determine if the task in reference
(

is currently active and busy with a previous request.

If so, the request

is queued to the task's deque (TRL) on a first corne, first serve basis.
If the task in reference is currently inactive, an ATL node is built
containing the appropriate entries, the address of the ATL node is set
in the ATLNP table and the task's priority in the LEVEL table.

either case, the ATL is rescanned and the highest priority task is
selected for execution (see Figure 3-4).
UCIS peripherals, controlled by PIREX, use a minimal driver to carry
out requested functions and report the results back to the calling task
via the TCB.

When a driver finishes a request (whether an error occur-

red or not), it informs the requestor by placing the results (status
and error ~egister) in the TCB associated with that request and sends
an optional hardware or software interrupt back to the requestor.
The request event variable (REV) is set prior to sending an interrupt
to the XVM/PDP-ll and may be used by the XVM or PDP-II to determine
if a request has been processed.

This method is used during times

when interrupts are not enabled or desired (as during the bootstrapping
operation on the XVM). The hardware interrupt to the XVM (see
Figure 3-6) is optional and can be made at any of the XVM API hardware
levels and trap addresses.

The API level and trap address are specified

in the TCB associated with each request to allow complete flexibility
in interrupt control.

3-23

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

SET REV TO
'-300' AND
ASSUME LEVEL

LOWER TO TASK
PRIORITY LEVEL

GET API TRAP
ADDRESS FROM
TCB

CALL @SENDll
(TASK CODE *2)

ISSUE
INTERRUPT

Figure 3-6
Send Hardware Interrupt to XVM!Software Interrupt to PDP-II

3-24

System Design and Theory of Operation--PlREX

3.4.5

Software Interrupt

A software interrupt return for the PDP-II tasks is optional.

This

feature is available only if a hardware interrupt return to the XVM
is not required.

To generate a software interrupt, the task using the

request has to set the trap address before issuing the request.

Each

task running under PlREX has an entry in the SENDll Transfer Vector
Table.

PlREX traps to this location on completion of a request by

executing a JSR PC, SENDll (Task Code *2).

The task issuing the re-

quest specifies its task code in the TCB.

All registers are free to

be used when the control is transferred.

Control is returned to PlREX

through an RTS PC instruction.
3.4.6
(

Task Completion

When the XVM has been notified (via interrupt) that its request has
been completed, the task completing the request under PlREX becomes idle
and calls DEQU (see Figure 3-7) to determine if any additional requests
are pending.

If no requests are pending, control is transferred to

the ATL scanner (after saving the stack pointer and setting the current
task in a wait state in its ATL node).

If additional requests exist,

the next request in the task's TRL is processed as if it were just
received.
3.5

STOP TASKS

The STOP TASKS Task is used to stop tasks and/or I/O currently underway
for either all tasks or for a particular task.

STOP TASKS can cancel

all requests or only XVM requests for the indicated task(s).

There

are four possibilities:
1.

Stop all tasks unconditionally and cancel all pending XVM
requests

Stop a given task unconditionally and cancel all pending XVM
requests to that task

Cancel all XVM requests to all tasks - this has no effect
on PDP-II requests

Cancel all XVM requests to a given task - this has no
effect on PDP-II requests

The process of stopping a task includes (lor 2 above):

3-25

system Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

SET TASK'S
BUSY/IDLE SWITCH
WITH NEW TCBP

SAVE CURRENT
TASK'S 'SP' IN
ATL NODE

ZERO TCBP IN NODE
AND RETURN NODE

SET CURRENT TASK
IN WAIT STATE

SWITCH TO SYSTEM
STACK

..• See Figure
3-4.

Figure 3-7
Dequeue Node From Task's Deque

3-26

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

Removal of all appropriate XVM request nodes in the task(s)
TRL(S)

Zero the Busy Idle Switch for the task(s)

Clear the I/O device register(s) for the task(s)

Set the tasks status in the ATL to EXIT (for a temporary
task) or WAIT (for a permanent task) .

Indicate completion by setting the REV of the STOP TASKS
requestor.
(An interrupt return is not allowed.)

The stop Tasks TCB has the following format:

15
TCB:

REV:

(

Word 0

Word 1 bit 15

200

TCN
REV

Word 1

Word 2

1 cancel XVM requests and the current
pending request unconditionally.

bit 15 = 0 cancel XVM requests
TCN

= 0 cancel all tasks

TCN to cancel Task TCN only
Word 2 REV = Return Event Variable
STOP TASKS is typically used by the XVM operating system to quiet all
interaction between the XVM and the PDP-II.
3.6

SOFTWARE DIRECTIVE PROCESSING

The software directive task provides two main capabilities.

These are:

The capability to connect and disconnect temporary
PIREX (such as MAC11

tasks to

The capability to obtain various PIREX status information.

These capabilities are provided via five software directives, which
are described later in this section.
The general format for software directive task control blocks is as
follows:

3-27

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

,,15

8,7

,
,, , , ,ATA
I

,,
I I I
,,,
i

, IFCN

ALV
I

word ~

2~1
I I

word 1

REV
I

,,
,,
,

OPR
I

word 2

I, I

Contents Depend
Open

Directive
1'1

,,
,,
,

word 3

word n

ATA

XVM API interrupt vector address

ALV

XVM API interrupt priority level.
(unless FCN = 3).

FCN

Function to perform upon completion of this software directive
request. Valid values are:

Must be 0, 1, 2, or 3

000

Interrupt the XVM at address ATA, priority ALV.

001

Do nothing (except set REV) .

003

Cause a software interrupt to the PDP-11 task whose
task code number is in ALV.

REV

Request Event Variable. Initially zero, set to a non-zero
value to indicate completion of the software directive request.
The meaning of the various return values is described below.

aPR

Indicates the exact operation (directive) to be performed.
Must be one of the following values:
0

Disconnect Task

Connect Task

Core Status Report

Error Status Report

Spooler Status Report

MOVE

Returned REV values
1

Successful completion

-300

Invalid ALV value. The request mayor may not have
been performed - see individual directive descriptions.
The XVM will be interrupted at level 3.

-400

Invalid aPR (directive/operation code) value.

Other

See individual directive descriptions.

3-28

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

The following sections contain detailed descriptions of the individual
software directives, their task control block (TCB) formats, and the
REV values they may return.
3.6.1

Disconnect Task Directive

The disconnect task software directive instructs PIREX to delete a
task from the active task list.

Request should not be issued to a

task after it has been disconnected.

An attempt to issue a request

to a disconnected task will result in a returned REV value of -200,
implying that a non-existent task was referenced.

The format of the

task control block for the disconnect task software directive is as
follows:
15

8,7

(

ATA
I

FCN
I

,
I
I
I
I
I

ALV
I

2%1

REV
I

I
I

~~~
I

I
I
I
I

TCN

word 1
word 2
word 3

word 5
! I

word 6

unused

word %

word 4

First Address
I

I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I

REL
I

Length

word 7

TCN

The task code number of the task to be disconnected.

REL

000000 if the task resides in XVM memory
100000 if the task resides in PDP-II memory

First
Address

PDP-II byte address of the first location in memory
occupied by this task (the lowest address of the task
stack area). Only meaningful if the task resides in
PDP-II memory - if the task resides in XVM memory this
word is ignored.

Length

Total size (in bytes) of this task, including stack
area, control register, busy/idle switch, and program
code. Only meaningful if the task resides in PDP-II
memory - if the task resides in XVM memory this word
is ignored.

The disconnect task software directive verifies that the task to be
disconnected is on the active task list.

If present on the list, the

task is disconnected - the active task list node is returned to the

3-29

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

pool, the task's entry in the TEVADD table is cleared, and the task's
task request list is cleared.

If the task resides in PDP-l1 memory,

an attempt is made to free the memory space occupied by the task - if
the first free local memory address is the address immediately following the storage area occupied by the task (as determined from the first
address and length arguments), the task's first address becomes the
new first free local memory address.
RESTRICTIONS:
1.

If a task does not have an active task list node, it cannot
be disconnected. Therefore, once a task has been connected,
it cannot be disconnected until after a request has been
issued to it.

All requests which are on the task request list of a task
which is disconnected are forgotten. Such requests will never
complete; their request event variables (REVs) will never be
set to a non-zero value.

PDP-11 local memory resident tasks should only be disconnected
if they are the last (highest address) task in local memory.
If PDP-11 local memory resident tasks other than the last are
disconnected first, the memory space occupied by these tasks
will not be released. This will result in holes (of unusuable
memory) in the PDP-11's local memory.

Tasks should be disconnected in a reverse sequential order by
task code number. A task should not be disconnected if there
are any connected tasks with higher task code numbers.

The high order bit of the task code number (TCN) must be
clear.

Returned REV values:
1

Task successfully disconnected

Task successfully disconnected, but the (PDP-11 local)
memory occupied by this task could not be released.

-300

Invalid ALV value, the task mayor may not have been disconnected, its memory mayor may not have been released.

-600

Task to be disconnected is not on the active task list (i.e.,
node not present)

3.6.2

Connect Task Directive

The connect task software directive instructs PIREX to add a new task
to the system.

Once a task has been connected to PIREX, the XVM and/or

other tasks may issue requests (task control blocks) to it.

3-30

The format

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

of the task control block for the connect task software directive is
as follows:

,,15
,,, , , ATA
, ,

~,
,,
,,
,,
ALV
,
,
,
,
,
,
I
I
,,
,
,
,, , , 2~1
,,,
,,, , , ,~N
,
,
,
,
,
,
I
I
,
,,
REV
, , I ,I I ,
,
~~1
, I , , I , ,, I TeN I ,
REL
I I ! , I , ! , ,
, , I unused
, I ,
I I I I
Entry
Point
, , I , I , I I , , ! , , , ,
Length
, !
! I , I ! , ! I , ! ,
,, Priority
unused
I , ! I , I ! , ! , , I

8,7

word ~
word 1
word 2
word 3
word 4
word 5
word 6
word 7
word

TCN

The new task's task code number (TCN)

REL

000000 if the new task resides in XVM memory.
100000 if the new task resides in PDP-11 memory.

Entry
Point

Address of the new task's entry point - i.e., the
first location of the task's program code. This
address is a PDP-11 byte address if the new task
resides in PDP-11 memory, a XVM word address if the
new task resides in XVM memory.

Length

Total size (in bytes) of the memory space occupied by
this task, including stack area, control register,
busy/idle switch, and program code. Only meaningful
if the task resides in PDP-11 memory - if the task resides in XVM memory this is ignored.

Priority

The task's priority *40 8 •

The connect task directive enters the new task start address (appropriately relocated if the new task resides in XVM memory) into the
TEVADD table.

The directive does not actually create an active task

list node for the new task; this occurs only when the first request
is issued to the new task.

The directive clears the new task's busy/

idle switch (sets the task in idle state) and empties the new task's
task request list.
table.

The new task priority is placed in the LEVEL

If the new task resides in PDP-11 memory, PIREX updates its

memory usage information by adding the size of the new task to the
first free local memory address.

3-31

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

RESTRICTIONS:
1.

The task code number must not be in use (correspond to any
currently connected or permanently installed task) at the
time this directive is issued.

The task code number must have been provided for when PIREX
was assembled. As distributed by DEC, PIREX provides for
task code numbers 0 through 13 inclusive.
8
8

The high order bit of the task code number must be clear.

If the task resides in PDP-ll memory, the first address it
occupies must be the first free local memory address, as
returned by the core status report software directive.

If the task resides in XVM memory, it must reside entirely
within the area addressable by the PDP-ll's 28K addressing
range.

Tasks should be connected in sequential order by task code
numbers. Temporary tasks (tasks which will subsequently be
disconnected) should always be connected to a task code
number one higher than that obtained via the core status
report software directive.

Returned REV values:
1
-300
3.6.3

Task successfully connected
Invalid ALV value.

Task has been connected.

Core Status Report Directive

The core status report software directive returns information regarding
PDP-ll local memory and task code number usage in PIREX.

The format of

the task control block for the core status report software directive is
as follows:
8,7

~,
,,
,,I
ALV
, , , , , , I , , , , , , , ,,,
,,
,
, , , ,, , 2~l
, , FCN
,,,
, , ,,,
,
, , , , , , REV
I
,
,
TCN
,
, ,,
, I ~~2
I ,
I , I , I I I I
, , I
, , Size
, I Local
, , ! I Memory
I I
First
Address
, , I Free
, , I , I
I I ! ,
unused
,, ! I , I , ! , I , , , ,
, , Iof, ,Free
, , ,Words
, ,Number
, , , ,
I

ATA

word ~

word 1
word 2

word 3
word 4
word 5
word 6

3-32

word 7

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

TCN

Set to the highest currently connected task code
number in PIREX.

Local
Memory
Size

The amount of local memory in the PDP-II UNICHANNEL.

First
Free
Address

Set to the PDP-II byte address of the first free
(unoccupied) address in local memory.

Number of Set to the number of unused words in PDP-II local
Free
memory. Equal to «Local memory size in bytes) Words
(First free address»/2.
RESTRICTIONS:
1.

The core status report software directive has no restrictions.
However, the restrictions (especially those regarding order
of use of memory and task code numbers) on the connect and
disconnect software directives must be adhered to in order to
have valid information returned by the core status report.

Returned REV values:
1

Successful completion

-300

Invalid ALV value.

-500

No free PDP-II memory.

3.6.4

No information returned.
No information returned.

Error Status Report Directive

The error status report software directive returns information regarding device and/or spooler errors which have occurred since the last
time this directive was issued.

The format of the task control block

for the error status software directive is as follows:

,15

,
, , , I
! ! I
I,
FeN
, ,
!

,, , , ,

,ALV
I

, ,

word 1

2%1
,

, I

,,I I unused
,
, ,
I

3-33

word 2
word 3

Returned
Error
I
Information
, , , , , , , ,

, !

word %

REV
I

, I , I I
, , %%3
I,

8,7

ATA

word 4
~lcrd

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

The error status report software directive copies error status information from the DEVST table onto the requestor's task control block,
then clears the DEVST table to store new error information.

The error

information returned consists of a series of three word blocks, one
per PIREX task.

As distributed by DEC, eleven such blocks will be re-

turned - one for each permanent task (excluding the clock task) plus
two more for spare or temporary tasks.

The nHmber of these blocks re-

turned may change, however, if users alter the number of tasks (especially permanent tasks)

in PIREX.

The format of each of these three

word information blocks is as follows:
8,7

,,,
, Task
,,
, , , Name
I I I
,,
unused--zero
,,
I I I
I, I I I
,, SPLERR
, DEVERR
, ,
,15

,,,
,,
,,
,,
,
,,

word 16
word 1
word 2

Task Name

A three character (.SIXBT) mnemonic for the task
to which the error intormation applies.

DEVERR

Device error code for device associated with this
task.

SPLERR

Spooler error code for this task.

The mnemonics for the tasks and the order in which the blocks for the
various tasks appear are as follows:

MNEMONIC
EST

TASKS
"Stop Task" task

ESD

Software directive task

DKU

RK (Cartridge) disk driver

DTU

DECTAPE driver

LPU

Line Printer driver

CDU

Card reader driver

GRU

XY (Plotter) driver

ESP

Spooler

LVU

LVII printer/plotter driver
spare--no mnemonic
spare--no mnemonic

3-34

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

RESTRICTIONS:

none

Returned REV values:
1
-300
3.6.5

Successful completion.
Invalid ALV value.

Information has been returned.

Spooler Status Report Directive

The spooler status report software directive returns information regarding spooler status and devices present in PIREX.

The format of the

task control block for the spooler status report software directive is
as follows:
f!,

8,7

, , , , ,, , , ALV
, , ,ATA
, , , , ,

word f!

,I
, , , , ,, , , ,2f!1
, , ,,
, , ,FCN
REV
, , ,
,I , , , , , , ,
,
f!f!4
, , , , , ,
, , , , , , , ,, , unused
,,
,SPOLSW
, , , I I ,
I I
,,, I ,
,
,, , , , , , ,DEVARE
, , , , , , , , ,,,
,,
,
,, , , , , ,DEVSPL
, I , , , , , , I ,,
I
I
I

, , ,
, , , , , SPUNIT

I
I

)

word 1
word 2
word 3
word 4
word 5
word 6
word 7

SPOLSW, SPUNIT, DEVARE, and DEVSPL are four locations (within PIREX)
in which information is kept concerning spooler status and which devices
have been assembled into PIREX.

The spooler status report software

directive merely copies the contents of SPOLSW, SPUNIT, DEVARE, and
DEVSPL into the task control block.
a number of one-bit flags.
condition is asserted:

If the bit is set (1) the corresponding

the device driver is present, spoolable, or
If the bit is clear (0) the opposite

busy; the activity is enabled.
condition applies:

Three of these words consist of

the device driver is absent, non-spoolable, or

idle, the activity is disabled.

The exact format of these three words

is as follows:
:~1~5____,-____~8~,~7______- r__~%:

SPCLSl'l:

unu,sed

,,\",'1":
'- LP busy
CD busy

XY busy
despooling enabled
spooling enabled
both spooling and despooling enabled
spooler connected to PIREX

3-35

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

:=1~5____r-__~8~,~7__________~'~::

DEVARE:

unused

'~~~~~-L~~~~_L~~

driver present
CD driver present
LP driver present
RK driver present

,;_1_5____r-___8;;.l,L.,;7_______-::.':

DEVSPL:

unused

~~~~~-L~~~-L-L~~I

XY spoolable
CD spoolable
LP spoolable
unused

SPUNIT is the RK unit onto which the spooler is currently (or was previously) spooling data.
RESTRICTIONS:
1.

DEVSPL and SPOLSW contain zero until after the first request
has been issued to the spooler.

Returned REV value:
1

Successful completion.

-300

Invalid ALV value.

3.6.6

PIREX MOVE Directive

Information has been returned.

NOTE
This directive commonly is used to transfer
information between common and local memory
The PIREX MOVE directive moves information from one place in the
PDP-11's address space to another place in its address space.

(The

addre~s

The

space is composed of both Local-11 and Common Memory.)

format of the task control block for the PIREX MOVE directive is as
follows:

3-36

System Design and Theory of Operation--PIREX

fJ ,

8 7

ATA

, ,

, FLN
,

,,
,,
,I
, ,,

, ,

REV

fJfJ5
, ,

, ,

ALV

, ,

2fJl
, ,

, , , ,

, LOCATION
,FROM
, ,
I
I
I
, ,

word fJ
word 1
word 2

,,i

,
, ,,

word 3
word 4
word 5

TO LOCATION

, , , , ,
, , WORDS ,TO, MOVE

word 6

From Location

PDP-II byte address of beginning of information
to be moved.

To Location

PDP-II byte address of a new starting location
for information.

Words to Move

The number of words to move.

3-37

CHAPTER 4
TASK DEVELOPMENT
4.1

INTRODUCTION

This chapter discusses in detail the procedure for developing a task
and for installing it into the PIREX software system.

The development

of tasks in the UC15 system normally begins by the determination of
the function to be performed by the task.

Once the basic function of

the task has been determined and designed, the user can integrate it
into the UC15 system.

The following summary describes the steps nec-

essary to accomplish this:
1.

Determine the priority level at which the task will execute.

Design one or more appropriate TCB formats.

Assign a Task Code Number to the task.

Enter appropriate information into the various PIREX lists
and tables.

Design and code the requesting program.
which issues requests to the task.

Design and code the task.

Assemble all programs and test.

This is the program

The remaining sections describe these steps in detail.
4.2

PRIORITY LEVEL DETERMINATION

The selection of a priority level for a newly developed task must be
based upon its function.

If the task is a device driver, a device

priority should be selected.

If the task is a data manipulation rou-

tine, a background priority should be chosen.
4.2.1

Device Priorities

The device priorities are 7 (highest) through 4 (lowest).
•

Priority 7 must be reserved for certain PIREX routines and
should not be used as a task priority.
(Certain short
4-1

Task Development

instructions sequences require priority level 7 protection
but a general use of priority 7 must be avoided.)
•

Priority 6 should be used only if interaction with the CR11
Card Reader can be avoided.
If the CR11 is in use, excessive
IOPSUC CDU 74 errors (card column lost) will occur if this
level is used by another task executing in parallel.

•

Priorities 4 and 5 can be used in an unrestricted manner.

There are three types of priorities to consider when selecting the
priority of a device driver.

4.2.2

The actual device hardware priority N.

The priority stored in the trap vector for the device (its
new PS) must be priority 7 to allow an uninterrupted context
switch.

The priority at which the task will execute after the context
switch (R.SAVE). This should be N (the above constraints
must be considered before deciding that it will be N). This
priority is set in the LEVEL table (see sectIOn 3.3.6).
Background Task Priorities

The standard UC15 PDP-11 computer does not differentiate between the
software priorities

a through 3.

All software priorities are inter-

ruptable by any device operating at any device priority.

These soft-

ware priorities, while treated by the hardware as the same, are not
treated by PIREX as identical.

The background task's position in the

Active Task List (the list to schedule the next task to run) is based
upon its priority (as indicated in the LEVEL Table).

Thus a priority

2 task is always selected for execution before a priority 1 task.
It should always be remembered that the ATL is built dynamically and
is composed of only active tasks.

Thus a task's actual ability to

execute depends both on its priority and on what other tasks of equal
or greater priority are actually available to execute (active).

Tasks

of the same priority are run on a first come-first serve basis.
4.3

TCB FORMAT AND LOCATION

The design of new Task Control Blocks (TCBs) must be governed by several constraints:

4-2

Task Development

Certain "fixed" items of information must be present.

There may be a size constraint depending upon source of the TCB.

TCBs issued by the XVM have a location constraint.

The first three TCB words have a fixed format

(see Section 3.2.5).

The remainder of the TCB should be as follows:
1.

Control words should be allocated to fixed pre-defined locations.

Data words should be blocked into the location following the
control words.

The TCB size should be kept constant for ease of core allocation.

Location and size constraints are interrelated:
1.

If the TCB is for a task executing under PIREX in PDP-11
Local Memory, there is no location constraint. The TCB size
must be kept small enough so that the TCB does not overflow
into common memory.

If the TCB is for a PDP-11 task executing in Common Memory,
it must be positioned so that it is:
a.

present entirely in Common memory (not XVM Local
Memory, and

not overlaying any of the XVM monitor resident code.

These constraints actually apply to any PDP-11 Code or data
located beyond PDP-11 Local Memory.

4.4

If the TCB is for an XVM/RSX routine, it must be located in
a task partition or common area that is within the Common
Memory.

Since the specification of absolute core location is difficult
in XVM/DOS, the TCB placement problem is somewhat more complex.
The standard XVM/DOS system has seven TCBs assembled
into the resident monitor. These include TCBs for RK Disk,
XY11 Plotter, CR11 Card Reader and LP11/LV11/LS11 Printer.
In addition there are three spare TCBs of various sizes. The
user developing his own UNICHANNEL handler should take advantage of these spare TCBs.
.SCOM+100 (location 200 in XVM
memory) points to a table of pointers to each of ~hese TCBs.
The user should select the one closest to his size requirement.
(See the XVM/DOS Systems Manual.)

TASK CODE NUMBER DETERMINATION

Task code numbers are composed of two fields.

Bits 6 through 0 are

used to contain the actual task code number.

This is the number used

4-3

Task Development

when searching tables and lists ordered by TCN.
system, these numbers range from

a through 13 8 •

to determine if the task is spooled.
spooled.

If bit 7

In the DEC-supplied
Bit 7 is used in TCBs

If bit 7 = 1, the task is not

= 0, the TCBs for the task are routed to the spooler

if the spooler is enabled.

(There must then be a spooler module pre-

pared to handle TCBs for that particular task (see Chapter 5).)
Task codes 11, 12, and 13 are spare task codes in the DEC-supplied
system.

They are used in increasing order.

The highest task code

position must not be used for a permanent task because MACII requires
this slot for its use as a temporary task (a task that is connected
and disconnected at run time).
4.5

UPDATING LISTS AND TABLES

The installation of a new task requires placing entries into the various
tables and lists.

There are two cases:

the installation of a new task into a current spare task entry.

the installation of a new task into a new entry (by expanding
the tables).

For each of these two cases there are two types of task entries:
1.

permanent tasks

temporary tasks

A permanent task is one that is assembled into the PIREX binary.

Its

actual starting address and priority level are known.
A temporary task is one that is dynamically connected to and disconnected from PIREX.
ment in memory.

Its starting address is dependent upon its place-

(Temporary tasks must be written in Position Inde-

pendent Code - see MACII Assembler Language Manual.)
Chapter 3 describes the format of each table entry.
4.5.1

Temporary Task Installation - Existing Spare Entry

To install a Temporary Task into an Existing unused Task Entry, TCN
11 , 12 , or 13 , simply use the CONNECT and DISCONNECT directives.
8
8
8
No new table space and no new table entries are required.
4-4

Task Development

4.5.2

Permanent Task Installation - Existing Spare Entry

To install a Permanent Task into an Existing unused Task Entry, TCN 11
or 12 perform the following:
1.

Update the LEVEL table entry for that TCN with the task's
priority (see Section 3.3.6).

Update the-TEVADD Table entry for that TCN with the task's
starting address (see Section 3.3.7).

Optionally update the interrupt vector table if the task is a
device driver task (see Section 3.3.9).

4.5.3

Temporary Task - New Entry

To install a Temporary Task into a new Temporary Task Entry (i.e., to
expand the table to accommodate a new Temporary Task) perform the
following:

Add an entry to the ATLNP Table (see Section 3.3.1.2).

Add an entry to the LISTHD Table (see Section 3.3.3).

Add an entry to the LEVEL Table (use ".BYTE a" as the priority
value since this is a Temporary Task Entry and the actual
task priority will be filled in by the connect directive).

Add an entry to the DEVST Table (see Section 3.3.5).1

Add an entry to the CLTABL (see Section 3.3.4).

Add an entry to the TEVADD Table (use ".WORD Oil as the entry,
since this is a Temporary Task entry that will be filled in
by the CONNECT directive).

Add an entry in the SENDl1 Table (see Section 3.3.8).

PIREX transfers, upon request, the entire DEVST Table to the XVM/DOS
monitor. The XVM/DOS resident monitor can accommodate a maximum of
5 additional DEVST entries beyond the current 13. Expansion beyond
20 entries would require reassembly of the XVM/8os resident monitor.
8

4-5

Task Development

4.5.4

Permanent Task Installation - New Entry

For a new Permanent Task, repeat the procedure in paragraph 4.5.3, for
a new Temporary Task, with the following changes:

4.6

Step 3 is changed to:
Place the task's priority in the new
LEVEL Table entry (see Section 3.3.6).

Step 6 is changed to:
Place the task's starting address in
the new TEVADD entry (see Section 3.3.7).

Optionally update the interrupt vector table if the task is
a device driver task (see Section 3.3.9).

CONSTRUCTING DEVICE HANDLERS

This section describes how to construct device handlers for XVM/DOS and
XVM/RSX.

Additional information on construction of a PDP-11 requesting

task is provided.
4.6.1

Constructing a XVM/DOS UNICHANNEL Device Handler

The following description of how to construct a handler for the XVM/DOS
monitor does not discuss those topics related to all XVM/DOS handlers
both traditional and UNICHANNEL.

General issues pertaining to all

XVM/DOS device handlers can be found in the XVM/DOS Systems Manual.

The

UNICHANNEL Line Printer handler is used as a descriptive example (see
Figure 4-1).

Several constants should be defined in a UNICHANNEL hand-

ler source file before the executable code (see Figure 4-1, lines
48-55, 71-73).

These constants include:

4-6

Task Development
2
5

LPU. X,M VIA
CAL ~NrRANCE

INT~RRUPT

ERRON RuurlNE
.INII fUNCTIUN
.WRITE fUNCTION
.CLOSE fUNCTION
.~AIT fUNCTIUN
INITIALIZATIUN CUOE ANO

9
15
16
17

PAGE

I~~

S~kVICE

I~MPURARIES

LPU.
*G
*G F'R@XVM
*G

LPU.

122

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.fITL~

~PU.

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LPU. XV« VIA 122
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~PU.

.~NOM
.S~SIO

PAGE

.S~SIO <
.rIT~E
.OEfIN .SISIU,PR,HK
VIA~IlK

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LPU. XVM VIA

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4

ICOP~RIGHT (e) 1915
IOIGlfAL ~UUIPM~Nr CURPURATIDN,

MA~NARO,

MASS.

6
7

If HIS SOfT.ARE IS fURNISHED UNO~R A LICENSE fON USE JNL~
ION A SI"GL~ COMPUTER SYST~M A~O ~AI BE COPIED UNL~ ~lrH
IfH~ I~CLUSION O~ THE AHUVE COPYRIGHT NUTICE.
THIS
Isur'.ARE, UR ANY OTHER CUPIES fHEREUF, MAY Nor BE PMOIVIOED UR UTH~R.IlE NAUE AVAILAllLE TO ANY OTHER PERIJN
IEXCIPr fUR USK ON IUCH srSTEN AND 10 ONE WHO AGREES fO
IIH~SE LICENS~; TERMS.
Tl'fLE 1'U A~D OWNERSHIP Uf I'HE
ISUfTWAR~ SHALL AT ALL TIMES KENAIN IN D~C.

9
10
II
12
l.l
14

15
Ib

11HK IlfURMATION IN THIS UUCUM~"f IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE
,wlTHUUT NUIICE AND SHUULU NOT SE CUNSfRUED AS A COMIMITMENr SY DIGlfAL E~UIPME.r CURPORATION.

17
18
19

IDKC ASSUMKS NO RESPUNSlblLITY fOR THE USK UR RELIAbILITY
IUf Irs SUfTwARE UN KUUIPME~f wHICH IS NUT SUPPLIKD BY OIC.

20
21

PAGE

.~JKC'f

LPU.

LPU. XVM VIA 122

23
24

I
I
I

EUlf LEGE.NG.

121

122

25
26
27

120

05-JUN-75 (RCH,~)
OS-JUN-7, (HCHM)
~2-JUL-7, (RCHM)

XVM CHANGES.
OUT NUN-ESSENTIAL CONDlliONALS.
lEST srATE Of UCIS ENABLED Hlf.
~AK~

rAa~

.EJECT

Figure 4-1
XVM LPll DOS Handler

4-7

Task Development
PAGE

LPU.

LPU. XVN VIA 122

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30
31
J2
33
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35
36
37
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41
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45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
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APILVL=2
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7Ub141
7UbUUI
70000b
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440UOO A
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60
61
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63
64
65
66
67
71
77.

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SC.MUU=.SCUM+4
se.U:l,=2
.MED=3
lDX=1SZ
SEr=ISZ

86
87
88
89
90
91
92

93
94
9~

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97
96
99
100
101
102
103
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105
106
107
108
109
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78
79
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I(RCHM-122) .SCUM MODE REGISTER.
I(HCHM-122) tilT olTHIN SC.MUD TO BE TESTED.

~XgRHS=.SCOM+37

PAGE

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I(RCHM-120) GU PRINT ERROR.
I(RCHM-I22) HfCH rER~INAL lID ENROR MESSAGr;.
I(RCflM-I22) GO PHINT ERRUR,

Figure 4-1 (Cant. )
XVM LPll DOS Handler

4-8

Task Development
PAGE
III
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
12&
127
128
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132
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134
135
136
137
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139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
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148
149
150
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152
153
154

PAGE
155
156
157
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159
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161
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LPU.

INTERRWr SERVIC"

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Figure 4-1 (Cant. )
XVM LPll DOS Handler

4-9

If IUPS 4

I~UMBEH

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Task Development
PAG~

165
1&&
1&7
1&8
1&9
170
171

172
173
174
175
17&
177
178

179
180
181
182
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1.85
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187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
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198
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200
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LPU.

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00112 R 440541
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00114 R 040543
00115 R 22U~4U
00116 R 500b47
UOl17 R 340546
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00122 R .UOb36
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Figure 4-1 (Cont. )
XVM LPll DOS Handler

4-10

Task Development
PAGE

•• RI1'E ruo: 1'10N

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202
203

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206
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.TITLE •• RITE fUNCTION
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231

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224

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223

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Figure 4-1 (Cont.)
XVM LPll DOS Handler

4-11

BUff~R

ADDR3ESS.

Task Development
PAGE
254
,5;
256
257
25B
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
2b8
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
27b
277
278
279
280
281
282
20J
284
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286
287
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290
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293
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302
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304
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/I1A. Vt:.:

'~A1N

II~U

UCLP03

1'it:S,

RUN our Uf LI,.E

GO FINISH OP, wITH END Or" LINE

SPE: lAL CHARACl't::KS

Figure 4-1 (Cont. )
XVM LPll DOS Handler

4-12

Task Develapmen1:
PAGE
306
307
]08
309
310
311
Jl2
313
314
315
31b
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
33b
337
338
339

340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348

349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357

12<

~pu.

."RII~

rU"CflON

I
00247
00250
00,51
00252
U0253
00254
00255
00256
00257
00260
002bl
00262
00263
00264
002b5
o02bb
00267
00270
00271
00272
00273
00274
00275
00276
00277
00300
OOJOI
00302
003u3
00304
00305
0030b
00307
00310
00311
00312
00313

R 750201 A
600.54 H
R 140563 R
R 040563 R
R 600.240 R
R 20U561 R
K 540660 H
R 600300 K
R 540661 R
R 600Ji4 R
R 540662 I{
R 600275 R
H 540b03 R
R 600.270 H
R 54\)6b4 K
H boon. k
H 'OUb'b K
R 10U400 K
R bUOlOO R
R 200656 R
H lU0400 K
R 60U2b I R
R 100455 H
R 200661 H
H 60027\) K
R 2005b4 H
H HOSb 3 I{
R 04056J R
K :100564 K
H 740031 A
R H0557 R
R 040557 R
ri 740100 A
K 6uo314 R
k "177170 A
R 0405b4 R
H 600:100 R

MSP~C

MSP~C2

SZA ICLA ICI~A
JMP
~SPEC2
TAD
~LMKC
DAC
~LANKC

JMP

"~AINK

LAC
SAD
JMP
SAD

rCHAR
(11

JI~P

SAD
JMP
SAD
JMP
SAD
JM~

MSPE:5
"SPEC3
MSP~C4

MCH
M1"A~

LAC
JMS
JMP
LAC
JMS
JMP
JMS
LAC
JMP
LAC
TAD
DAC
LAC
CMA liAC
TAD
DAC
SMA
JMP
LA~

DAC
JMP

'HA~

( 15
UCLP03
UO

ISKIP a" 1T IS

~LANK

/NUPC:, CH~CK ,"OR OfrlEH ft-l!I'-IGS
lAUD O"~E ftJ ~LA"K CUUNf!!.R (15

~INUS

COU,n~R)

IJUIN LINE AND TA~ CUNfROL SEC flUN
IGET dACK URIGINAL CHAI{
lIS rr A I"A~
ltV?, GO DO IT
ICARRIAGI:: RnURN
11::1'10 uf LINE ON CAHRIAG. R~TliR,~
IfURl'RA" ors UVJ::~PHllljr, OU AS CH

'~CH

n .. o

( 14

IfUR"~

'~SPECJ

IJusr i'ur IT ou r, fUR NO.
IfORTRA" OUUBLE SPACE
IOU AS 1""U 12'S
IU~,"AULf UN UNR~CUG', 1 ZW CONI'R% CHAo<.
IS LINE: fEED
IPLACE IN ~UHI::H
IGU 00 NUT
IflHS"r Uf" rwu 12'S fUR 1"111:: 21

121
'~SPE:C4

( 12
~UTCH
"~AI N

( 12
pureH
1SPI::C5
KESI::TL
( 15
.. SPEC3
l'A~C

dLANKC

IGO UU

rH~ St;CUt>4L> 112
LINE., HESEl' VAKLUUS GUtS
ICARHIAGE HEfURN
IPUT CHAR ANU LOOP
IGET REMAINING COUNI" ~"UH TAil
IANU AvU ru CUMULATl VI:: 8LANK :JUNT

/114£W

BLAN~C

lAND I"J

rA~C

L-IJ'It:

CHE.:CKJ::~

,"IAXC
'~AXC

UCLP03
-10

ISKIP If SOi1E LINE LHf
INDNE LEf I, f"INISH UP LINE

"1AIN

IKESET 1'A~ CUUNl"ER
INEXT CHAR

LAC
XC]
JMS
JMS

(15
MIX

I~LACE

IS~

CUP

LAC*

~PbUf

rA~C

00314 H 200b61 R
00315 R 4005b5 H
00316 H 10040U R
00317 H 10045~ R
00320 R 040562 H
00321 H 220551 I{
003<2 H 500bb~ R
00323 R 740.00 A
003,4 R booHU H
00325 R 4U056~ R
0032b R bUUIJ4 R
00327 R 460501 R

UCLP03

UCL~04

A~D

SZA
JMP
XCT
JMP
ISZ*

ICARRUGE RHUHN
l~ bUn"ER Ol<Lt

O'~

IMAGt::~ t t

~UTCH
H~SE1'L

(377
UCLPOo
,~ U(

~~NE.XT

LP~U"

IA ~LANK LINE IS STILL A H~AL ~HAH SINCE n"
IZERO CHAR CUUNT??
ICOU.;T UNLY IN LOw
bl"fS
ISKIP If Z~RO COUNT
INUN-Z~HU, JUsr GU 00 REGULAR
IIMAG~ OH lU~S
IlMAGE OU NUTHING
ILUPS "~AKE: rAKE: 1 CUUNr
I.~ ARI:: DOING A BLANK LIN!:;,
ANO 0

Figure 4-1 (Cant. )
XVM LPll DOS Handler

4-13

Task Development
PAGg
358
359
3bO

LPU.

• wRI'I'~ rUNC,!'ION

00330 R I UO~>31 H
00331 R 6U01.!4 H

361
362
363
364
365

UCLP05
I
I
I
I
I
I

3bb

JMS
JMP

LPSt:l'
LPNEXT

CrlARACTt:R

ICUUNT MAKES SPUOL~H V~Rr ILL
ISt:ND BUf,'gH TU PUP-II
ICAL EUT

UNPACKI~G

ROUflNE

THIS ROUTlNE 'OWNS' i'HE Mil

367

399

400
401
402
403
404
405
40b
407
408
409

AR~ U~'TAINt:U f'ROM XI2 POINTt:H. EACH CHAR
IS RE1URN[D RIGHT JUSTIfiED IN i'Ht: AC
HAS A MlrWS CUUNT Ur rHE WORDS 'fa ~E OBTAINED
,"RUM TH~ INPUT POINT~R XI2

CHARACTg~S

36~

369
370
371
372
373
374
3"/5
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
l'l2
393
394
395
396
391
398

I
I
I

00332
00333
00334
00335

R UUOUUO
R 40U565
N 741uoO
R 620344

OIJH6
00337
00340
00141
00342
00343

R
R

A
R

T~MPI

Gt:TCH

A
R

0
XCI
SKP
JMP*

NO. DU IMAGI::
440554
"/4100u
R 6UUJ2U
K 220510
R 4Qu57u
R bVOH5

R
A
H

ISZ
SKP
JMP
l.AC*
ISZ
JMP

R
R

,~lX

ISKIP If 11' IS ASCl!

GETSW

IGETS. IS POINTER TO CORRECT A: nON ON ON'fHE
ICORRt:: faNE 0;' THE rIVE POSS1ijLE CHAN'S

r~UO~

ft:MPI
UCLP04
XI2
XI2
GI::TCM

18KP U"
IUUNE

NOT I'HNU rET

tr"INISM UP l.-J

C()~MUN

00344 K UUl/UOO A

GEl'S.
I

00H5 R SU0654 R
00346 II 620332 R

GETC~

TU CURN!::C! AC nUN. INIr'ED fROM GETlN
1F11.1.t:U ~x JMS Gf.'fSW AFrER I::AC~ CHAR
ICO"MU,~ FINISH UP, STRlP XfHA B'lTS
IUUT
I~OlNTER

AND

ll77

J~iP'

l;!::l'CH

OOH7

OU0351

GI::TlN

liN I 'f G!:l'S. 1'0 POl~T TO nRST CHAR ACTION

G~'l'1

I
I

INDlVIOULA

CHARACT~R

ACTIU.

00350 II 1(00340

GE:TY

GI:.Tl

Jl'iS

GI::I'SW

IAf'fER Sl'H CHAII, PUlNT SACK 'ro FIRST

fl::MPI
• +3
Kt:SETL
UCLP04
X12
X12

luu'r Of PAIRS1
ICUr<l'IoUE If' OK
I!:NIJ ur- LIN;; RESt:T SUNE HUff

00351
00352
00353
0035.
003,5
003'6
00357
003bO
00361
00362
00363

H')'"

R bU03"

lSZ
JMP
JMS
JMP
LAC*

lS~

LMQ
I.LS
JMS
LLS
JMS

R IOU." H
R b00320 R
R UU,7u
R 4405'/0
){ b52000
R 6QU60'1
){ 10uH4
R 64060'/
N IOU344

R
A
N

GI::r2

InRs'r .ORD 0" PAIR
IIN'fU

7
GETSW
'1

GI::TSW

~.l

f'UR

SHlfTI~G

IOUNt:, L!::AV!: POIN1'I::N FuN SECOND CHAR
ISECONO CHAR
ILI::AVhG PU!NTI::R ,'UK THIRD

Figure 4-1 (Cont.)
XVM LPll DOS Handler

4-14

Task Development
PAGE

LPU.

410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417

00364 H 640604 A
00305 i{ 04U 344 H
00366 R 220570 H
00367 R 440570 H
U0370 H 052UOU A
00371 R lOO344 R
00372 H b40603 A
0037 3 H 100344 K
OU314 R 64vbU7 A
OU3'15 K IU034. R
00376 I{ 04UoU'/ A
00371 H 60u3~u R

418

419
420
4H
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430

.wRllE fUN:T lUI'I
G~1'3

Gt:1'4
GI::f5

I
I

I
I
I

444
446
447
448

449
450
4~1

452
453

454
455
456

457
458
459
460
4b1

_01<0 TU SHH'T~R
HACK fiRST
CHAR
ILEAVI~G PUINTER TU ,'OUH'!H A:UON

IS~CON~

JI£TSw

I~RING

ICUMPLEr~

~Ersw

7
Gr:I'SW
7

ILt:AVl<_G fUR

,,";TtI

IHACK rJ !'UP fUR POINTER TO I

CHARACT~k

PUTr~R

fUK POP-II

TWU CrlAR'S P~H ~URO fORMAl. ~IRsr CHAR IS RIGHT JUSrlFIED, SECONO
IS PLACED IMMEOIAT~Lr A~UV~ FIRST, LEAVING rop T~J BiTS or ~ORD
UNUS~D. CHAR IS OEL~VEHD IU US IN AC. INIT purs~ Hr DAC'ING CONTENTS
U. PUTI~ INTO IT. RuurIN~ CUU~TS THE UUTPUT CHARS IN LSf

434
435
4 J6
437

445

1T1i~ HALF-AND-HALF CHAR
IVERY CEMPOkAHY
ICA'" l' .,;~o IN MIDDH Of PUR

433

441
442
443

G~ISw

XI2
Xl2

431

439
440

I
I

432

438

LLS
UAC
LAC*
IS:l
LMIi
LAC
LLS
JMS
LLS
JO'IS
LLS
JMP

THIS ROUTINE A~SU HAHDLES fORM f~EO PAGE CONTRUL
THE POP-II ASdUMES LI~ES HAV~ A Lf IN BEGINNING AND :R AT END

so I' HIS ROUTI_E R~MOV";S ANr LEADING Lt'.

00400 H oouooo A
U0401 R 500665 R
00402 H b40b~6 R
00403
00041l K
'" ~4U"03 H
110404 R
U0405 H 60U427 R
00406 H 44u560 H
00407 II 740000 A
00410 H 4b0551 R
00411 H b2U441 H

PUI'CH

AND
SAO
JMP
SAD
JMP
1St

(377
(12

PUj'Lf
<14

,>un',
fiRST

?lOP

PUTZ

lSZ'
JMP'

LPeUF
PUTSW

LAC
SZA
JMP
LAC*
SAO
JMP'
LAC
XCT
JMP*
JMP
LAC
XCI
JMP
LAC

COP

ISTRIP to ~IGrlr HITS
ISPECIA~ CASE II, LIN~ rEED
I(;U DU IT
ISPECIAL CASE 12, rORM f~ED
IGO ou If
I~UMP fIHS1 fIME rHRU s~rICH
lIN CASE SKIPS, wE DON'r NEED IT HER~
ICOU~I AN OUTPUT CHAR
IOISPAfCH 10 FIRST OH SEC UNO CHAH ACTIUN

00412 H 200~62 R
00413 H 740200 A
u0414 H 600424 R
0041~ R 2<05~:I R
00410 R ~40bo 1 H
00417 H 6:10400 R
00420 K :l00b61 R
00421 K 4UO:'b5 K
00422 K 6:1U400 R
00423 R 60U~U6 K
00424 K 200b:'0 K
00425 R 400~4~ K
00426 R 60U434 R
00427 R 20u5~2 R

PUl'Lf

PUI'.
Purr'f

PIII'W
LPBUflJ
(14

purCH
Cl5
;HX

IHAS A ~EAL CHAH UCCURR~D SIN:E Ff?
ISKIP IF NO H~AL CHAH
IGU DO R~GULAR
Ilr ~~ ~LREADY HAVE A Fr
lIN ijUff~R UUT, UUN'T N~ED A CR
IL~AD
I~UT

wlfH CR, 5U POP-II DOESN'r PUT UN AUTUMATIC Lf

Du NOTHING fON IMAG~ MODE

~Ul'CH

pun

(12
ffSw
PUTLfH
l'AGSIZ

IGU HE~JOIN
IGET ijACK LINE fEED
IISZ OR ~OP FUR COUNT Of FF PER PAGE
INU fO~M f~~D NOW
IrURM fEED, RESET PAGE CUUNT~R

Figure 4-~ (Cant.)
XVM LPll DOS Handler

4-15

Task Development
PAGE

LPu.

.I,RITE ""uNCtION

462
463
464
46,
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473

00430 R 04U,43

H 14u,02
H 200663
K bOultl0
H 40()~p)~
K 600400

H
H

DAC
DZM
LAC

JI1P

44u~bO

vU44U
004011
00442

b.lU40U H

474

00143

vvv445

00431
00432
00433
004H
00435
U0436

499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
51U
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
51d
519
520

60UoI0 R

00437

i< bLU"I:UU R
I.JUVUUO A

PUTS.

XCT
JMP
lSZ
JMP
JMt'*
0
J~P<

pun
~lX

Pul'l
nKST

pun

purCH
purCH

If'LAG SAHNG r'f OCCUHRED.
If"OR,\ f~ED CODE
I~O COUI.r CHAR, AND PLACE IT
ISKIP UN lOPS ASCll
I IMAGE, ACIUALL~ PLACE LF
IASC 11, IS 11' f"lRS'f IHIIU?
I.OT F!RST, 00 Lf
IflHS'f I'IME, JUST HE'fURN
IHdf't:;O AS pun. fILLED LA'fER
lOON!::,

JMS PUTS.

R~I'UHN

475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
48,
48&
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
.90
497
4,"

PAGE

purLfH

PAGCNT
CllP
(14

PUl'l~

ISTAHT AI fIRST CHAK

PUIl

00444 R IVOHI R
00.4, H 0"0,11 R
OOHb H l()u .. 41 K

PO)'Y
PuT 1

00447 H 74"030
004,0
HOU2U A
00451
lOu, 11 R
004,2 K 060, II R
00453 R ,*"u571 R
00454 R oUUH4 R

pun

JMS
OAO
J,~S

PUISW
purp
Pul'Sw

ILEAn PUINTER f"OR fIRST AfTE:R SECUND
IfIRST :HAKACI'ER ACllON, PLA:E RIGHT JUSTU"IED
ILt;A~I"G PUIN )'t;R f'OR SI':CUNU

CLL!SwrlA
RAH
XUH<
purl'
Purp
DAeIS<
PUTI'
pur",
JMP

UUT ii'll::

0045, K U()uuUO A
00456 R 71711'1 A
uu.57 K U40560 R
00460 R 777770 A
00461 R v40~o4 H
004&2 R 20U556 K
UU463 H U4U,,7 K
U0464 H 14u!;IoJ R
OU405 R t>"'l'J<t5:' R

LPU.

12<

IPU'I CH4H IN HIGHT PLACE
IPU'! rlA",ES TOGETHER
ItlOl'H I., ~UHER
I,~OVE POINTER
lliO ft;LL PUISw fHAT pun IS NEXT

ro RES~T LIN~ ArllO rAa COUNrRS

RfSErL
LA.
CAC
LI\~

DAe
LAC
UAC

.CLOS"

-I
fiRST
-10
fABC
~INLII~

,<UC

UZI>1

tHJ A1'4 KC

JMP*

Rt;S";TL

ISE'f fiRSI' CHAR

Of"

LINE

REME~BEHER

ISET rAB COUNTR
ISET UP

~AX

pt;R Ll ..~t: CUUNl'ER

IRESEf SPAC<: AND TAB CUUNTER

FU('v:::lIUf~

• Tl'IL':

.CI.Jd,st.

FUI'lC'IILlN

I
I
I.CLOSE
I
004"" R lUU5,,4
004&'1 R 14U;,6"
U0470 R 44U,02
004/1 R bOU5U3
00_7l ~ 75uU30
OU473 K ObU,51
0047. H iOUobo
00475 H ObO,S2

JMS

LP lLIC~

DZl"1

CIJ~

ISZ
JMP
CL4llAC
OAC*
LAC
DAC<

LP::LLJS

R
K
K

luO,31 H
OU47"
Ou417
10U." R
00500 K 703304 A
00501 R b2U~40
(lo,n R 17 1'177
00503 II 7177 7 'I
00,0' R 04U,0'
UO,05 k 6vOl H k

JMS

JMS
LP~ ALA

L>~R

LPCl,SI"<
LlP::LD[Ij

177777
LA. -1
D4C
JMP

Jj\oJ~*

LPC LSw

ICHt:CK 110 UNDEH.AY.
ISAY A ff" OCCUHRt;D
1777777 IN AC j f HAVEN'! BEEN fHRU CLOSE CODE.

luONe.

L~CLOI;

"PdUf"
(".14
LPdUfD
LPSt;'f
Kr:ti<:l'L

ISPlJOL~K ~<:~UIH<:S n·',CH AS CLJSE
IJUsr -.ilVI!: ff 1'0 DHIVI::R, HUwEVER
/l"H1S Iti FF", Cf{ IN POP-II
O"IRST rJA I'A ~UHlJ PLlINl'i::R
If HIS '~EANS AL'A~S A f'f ON CLOSE:!! !
ISENO BLJfHH TO PDP-II
IKtSEf l'HE wLlRLU

LPCALP

IHANG ON CAL.
1-1

;

.CLUSE NUl'

UON~.

uPClJSW

IlNIrIALI<E .CLI)S<:

LPNtX'f

!l:.Xlf.

Figure 4-1 (Cant.)
XVM LPll DOS Handler

4-16

I~OI:ATOR

Task Development
PAGI::

LPU.

.wAll t"UNCIIlJN

12<

521

• Tll'LE • NAlr

5<2

523
524
52,
526
527

l.wAIT QH .wAITH

5.8
529

530
531

532
533
534
535

53b
537

538
539
540

0050b H l;!U540 rl
00507 R 50Ub50 H
00510 H I4I"uO A
00511 t< 600522 K
00512 K 2U0052 R
00513 K ~vU~4U R
OU514 K 04U540 K
U051~ K 220,41 H
00516 H ,OUbb7
UO~17 H lqv~ 'to
U0520 H 04054U H
Ou521 t< 4.U,41 H
00522 K IUI)524 K
00523 H 6UUI H H

547
548

L~CALP

(1000
18lT 8 = I ,UH .wAITH
I. wAlI - GO HANG ON CAL.

"P.AT!
l1000UO
"PC ALP
LPCALI'

fLINK, ETC.

L~At<GP

I IS-SIr

560

ADUHI::SS.

LPCAL!'
"PCAL!'
~~At<GP

LPIUC"
LPNEXT

ICHf.CK lIU UNDI::HwAY.
10K - RI::TURN.

U~UI::R'AY

0 Ntil:.:N (,HEi,

uuuuuo

2uu544
741"Ou
b,,0524

K
R

LPIUCK
H

K bOOSVU K
I
I
I

S~fUP

0
LAC
SNA
Jr.p*
JMP

f~lJl\lO

~l-tl:::l~

~US¥

1.JtJUI'ILJ

LP lUCK
LPCALX

INU liD UNDI::HwA¥.
IHANG UJ~ CAL TIL NOT BUSY.

NO ACTIVl1'Y.

AND UUTPOf TU PHilTER.

R
R
K
K

000000 A
200550 ~
.,ObOOI A
blllJ~ 3 3

JMP

U053,
0053b
00537

R
k

70bODb
040544

A
R

b;'n1~31

LIUR
OAC LPU~U
JMP* LPSEl'

LI'SEf

;

00531
00532
00533
00534

LAC
SlUA

IS~ND

.-1

556
557
558
559

~USY

( 17777

00524
OU525
005"6
OU5<7
OU53U

550

554
555

LAC*
ANU
SNA
JMP
LAC
AND
DAC
LAC*
ANU
XOR
DAC
lOX
JMS
JiW

ICHI::CK fOR 1/0

~49

551
552
553

LPwATI

I
/ LPUfliU

542

546

LP.AIT

541
543
544
545

~'UNCl'IUN

feB PUINfER TO PDP-II
I~AKE SUHI:: IfS ABLE fO GI::T IT
INUTE fHAT THIS IS PKJrECIED SINCE
I
fHE LIUM ~ILL ~E lSSU~D UIRI::CTLY
I
ArTER THE SlUA (,REE INSTRUCTION).
IS~I

110 BuSY fLAG.

Figure 4-1 (Cant.)
XVM LPll DOS Handler

4-17

Task Development
PAGE
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
511
572
573
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
59b
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
0)12
613
614
615
b16

LPU.

122

INIflALIZATIUN CODE AND
.TITL~

00540
000000
00541 R 000000
00542 R 77n06
00543 R 777706
00544 R 777772

A
A
A
A
A

I
LPCALP
LPARGP
PAGSIZ
PAGCNJ
LPUND

TEMP~riARIES

INITIALIZAflUN :UDg AND TEMPURARIES
10 CAL AODR
ARGUMENTS Uf CAL
IASSEM8LED LI~ES P~R PAGE
ICUUNT fHE LIN~S HER~

0
0
-fORMS
-fURMS
-6

IPOINI~R

IPOINT~R

Id=fME,,+=BUS~,-=EMRUR

ICUUNTS UP TU INITAL 0 BELO.
00545 R 440543 R
00546 R 44v~43 R
00547 R ~00636 R
00550 R 040003 H
00551 II 22<1645 R
00552 R 74~O20 A
00553 R '/400.0 A
00554 R 500670 R
00555 R 741~OU A
00556 R 340670 H
00557 K 340624 R
00560 R 040624 R
00~61 R nu624 R
00562 R 0405~6 R
00563 R 440624 R
00~64 R 220624 R
00565 R 040055 R

ffS.
fH~'

INlT
LPTClI
LPSUf
LPBUfll
LPEV
TEMPI
BUfSIZ
LI"LIM
MAXC
fiRST
rCHAR
COP
BLANKe
TASC

MIX
I
I

.U'UND Non'
ISZ
PAGeNT IACJIO~ fUR fURMS CONTRUL, NEMDRY
PAGCNT IffSw LOADED INTO HERE
ISZ
.E"DC
(iWP
IriMITE UVER JUMP TO HERE
LAC
DAC
IPREVENT RE-ENfR~
"E,;
(. SCUM+4 IGT PHINTER LINE wlDfH
LACRTM
MAR
IMOV~ 1'0 '6 ' PUSI TION
ISTRIP GARBAGE, LITERAL
AND
(6
SNA
TAD
(6
l'rR;:AT 0 (UNDE~'INED ) AS 132 :OLUMN I 11 I
TAD
L~f'fP
IPUINT~R TO CONSTANTS
DAC
LBffP
LBF'fP
ILINE ~lDrH
LACDAC
LINLIM
ISZ
LBfTP
Lrl~'rp
IBUn"~R SIZE
LACDAC
B<JFSIZ

NO. SET UP

POI~TERS

TO BUFFER AND TCB LUC'S

00566 R 220657
00567 R HOU30
00570 R 040~54
OO~7J R 220554
00572 R 040550
00573 R 040554
005 '14 R 723un
00575 R 040553
00576 R 72J002
00577 K 040564
00600 R 723005
00601 R 040552

R
A
K

R
R
R

A
R
A
R
A
R

LPAC
LPOUT
XI2
PUTP

LAC*
lAC
OAC
LACDAC
DAC
AAC
OAC
AAC
OAC
AAC
DAC

( .SCUM+1UO IPUIN fER 'ro 'fABLE Of POINTERS
IUUR POINTER IN 'l'ABLt: +1
rt:MPI
'r~MPI
IPOlii'fER 'ro rCB
LPrCI!
T~MPI
IPOINTER TU fiLL LUCATIONS
IMAKE POINTER TU EVENT VARIABL;:
2
LP!:V
IMAKE PUINTER TO TCB POINTt:R
2
no I!U~'fER AODR
fABC
IMAK~ POINTER TU FIRST DUA ,;ORD
5
LPBUflJ

MAKE I'CB
00602
00603
00604
006U5
00606
00607

R 2U0671
R 060554
H 440554
R 200672
R 06055.
R 440554

R
R
R

R
R

LAC
DAC*
ISZ
LAC
DAC*
ISZ

(APISLT*400+APILVL
I!::MPI
fgMPI
(DEVCOU IPIREX CODE fOR LP DRIEVER
TI::MPI
f~MPI
IZERO IHRU fiRST I!UfFt:R LOC

Figure 4-1 (Cont. )
XVM LPll DOS Handler

4-18

Task Development
PAG~

617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638

LPU.

00610
00611
0061l
OOolJ
00614
00615
0061&
0061"/
00620
00621
00622
00623

R 16U5~4
R 44U544
R 600607
~ 2u0554
~ 0605b4
~ 040551
K 101)455
R UOO056
K 00U016
R 706141
R OOOuJ2
R 600003

00624
00625
00626
00627
00630
00631
00632

R 000623
R 777060
K 000044
R 777610
R 000064
H 777574
R 000070
OOOUOO
H 017777
R ~OOO 11
R 60U042
R 740000
K OOOUOO
R 700042

006B
00634
00635
00636
OOb37
OU640
00641 R 1717n
00642 R 177001
OU643 R 6000UO
00644 R 00UI37
0064~ R 00U104
00b46 R 000U02
00b47 R 0040UO
00650 R 001000
00051 ~ 741000
00652 R 700000
00653 R 0004UO
000~4 R 000177
00655 R 000135
00050 R 000U12
00657 K 000200
00&60 R 000011
00661 R 000015
00062 R 00UU20
OU603 R 000014
00064 R OUOOll
00065 K OuuJ77
OObbb R 00&414
00067 R 077777
00&10 R 000006

{

PAGE

LPU.

122

INITIALIZATION CODE
R
R
R
R
R

OZM*
ISZ
JMP
LAC
OAC*
DAC
JMS
CAL
16
LSSf
LPINT
JMP

R
Il

A
A
A

R
H
LBHP

A
A
A
A

A
A

~'~D

T~MPORARI~S

rE:MPI
LPUNIJ
.-3
TEMPI
'I'AilC
l,PBUf
RESETL
APISLT

ITHIS POINTS TO aUff~R
ITO LOCATION IN TCB THAT NEEDS
lAND A POINTER fOR US
tRESEr LINE AND TAil CUUNTRS
IISSUE SETUP CAL TU ESTABLISH INTERRUPTS

1EW

I.H!:., DON!:

.U!!:C
.-1
-80
36
-ll0
52
-132
56
.ENU

IPOINTER TU SIZE TAIIL!!:

A *L
*L
R *L
A *L
A *L
A *L
A *L
A *L
A *L
A *L
A *L
A *L
A *L
A *L
A *L
A *L
~

A *L
A *L
A *L
A *L
A *~
A *L
A *L
A *L
A *~
A *L
A *L
A 'L
A 'L

INIUAL1ZAI'IUN CODE AND

00671 R 027002 A *w
00072 R 000u04 A *L
SlZ~=O(Jb 73
NO

~RROR

T~MPORARIES

LIN~S

Figure 4-1 (Cont. )
XVM LPll DOS Handler

4-19

Task Development
PAGE

LPU.

APILVL 000002
APISLT 000056
BLANKC 00563
BUfSIZ 00555
706144
CAPI
00562
COP
000004
DEVCOD
ERLOOP 00074
EROUT
00076
ERRNUM 00102
EXERRS 000137
00546
ffff
fF'Sw
00545
flRST
00560
~'ORMS
000072
00332
GETCH
00345
GI::TCM
GETIN
00347
00350
GETQ
00344
GETS.
GI::r1
00351
GgT2
00362
GEl'3
00364
GI::T4
00374
00376
GETS
440000
IDX
00547
INIT
IOPSI2 00030
IOPS67 00026
00624
LBfTP
LINLIM 00556
70600b
LIOR
00566
LPAC
LPARGP 00541
LPA.
LPBlif
LPBUfD
LPCALP

00000
00551
00552
00540

LPCALX

00500
00503
0046b
00502
U0024
00553
00046
00061
00103
OU032
00524

LPCLDN
LPCI,OS
LPCLSW
LPI::R06
LPEV
LPICM
LPIERR
LPIN
LPINT

LPIOCK

CROSS REfERENCt;
4~<

49*
277
590<
lH
55<
189
72<
158<
160'
157
6J<
1 B1
1B5
26B
60251
386
237
391*
23~

417
393

51
011
292

624
294

,840
128

,92

'15

349
614

75<
161
159
160
182
459
443
69373*
3YO*
,1930
421
376
419
399-

611
309

310

333

334

448

463

505

589*

496

164<

,12'
571_
468
565
391

,76*
575.
491
566

581*

388-

397

407

409

411

415

173

1"Ib

212

536

5~8

59U

591

631*

,9b*
90
231

212

234

173
532

175
,36

176
564*

350
247
207

350
451
516

445
511
525

509
581530

580_
607
531

622

627
537

544-

54'/

40~-

410*
418420bl_
B5
lu9'
101*
586
494
53*

11,
~o

201
77
191
193
7Y
53,
515507
100
5Ub
97
129
121

13l
95
114188

81
~7t!*

172
218
5t17
5il50
1,1
123
ill
211
79244
23,
179
SoH
548
51.'
50._
,11*
102
582'
121*
140169_
116
206

58Y
558
134
~9

534

519
105603

119
504

Figure 4-1 (Cont. )
XVM LPll DOS Handler

4-20

Task Development
PAGE

LPU.

00054
00055
00056
00134
00567
LPPl~
00042
LPSET
00531
LPTCS
00550
LPUNO
00544
LpwAIT 00506
LPWATI 00522
LPWRIT 00136
LSSF
706141
LTA8L
00012
MAIN
00200
MAINe
00235
MAINO
00233
MAINE
00244
MAlNK
00240
MAXC
00557
MCR
00275
MIX
00565
LPIRT
LPIRT1
LPIS.
LPN EXT
LPOUT

MSPEC
MSPE~2
MSPE~3

MSPEC4
MSPEC5
MTAS
NEW
PAGCNT
PAGSIZ
PUTCH
PUTFf
PUTlN
PUTLF
PUTLFR
PUTP
PUTIl
PUTSI'I
PUTW

pun

PUTZ
PUT 1
PUT2
RESETL
RETRr
SC.MOO
SC.IJCI
SET
SETERR
SIOA

00247
00254
00270
00272
00267
00300
00003
00543
00542
00400
00427
00443
00412
00434
00571
00444
00441
00424
00406
00410
0044~

00447
00455
00066
000104
000002
440000
00073
700001

CHOSS REfERENCE
1330
134*
127
99
117
114
195
148
133
104
528
103
51'
92
251>
284
288
29d
297'
301
318
210
592'
259
30d
320
322
3230
314
8"
178
177
272
453
442
239
44U
46~

230
47.'
<40
450
443>
445'
474
480>
187
14J

5H>
59*
olf
lOb
5lf

I,.

135>
101
125
118
359
553
545
525'
5370
20b>
620

200'
137
123*
513
579>
559

355
591*

360

552>
600
561'

560

255

302

325

338

495

5H6>

242

354

571

572

290
472

482
471'

520

53H

618

~S'

253
'.94*
292'
jUl'
311
337
329_
2;18

3070
H2'
324*
326'
32H
332*
579
1j02
401
290
450

343

374

4~5

466

324

327

347

437*

483

484

599'

476

478

514

623

331

628
500'
565'
293
470

<lbU

474>
'4B'
406'
477
485
440
'5H'
457
465
471*

467
469

329
14B>
169
17U

34B

401

489'

lOB

110
554

144

1570

149

497

Figure 4-1 (Cant.)
XVM LPll DOS Handler

4-21

Task Development
PAGE

LPU.

TABC

00~04

TCHAR
re:MPI

00501
00554

CRObS
297
621
213
213
013

UCLP03 00314
UCLP04 00320
UCLPOS 00330
X12
00570
000001
'DOS
'RELES 000001
,Ve:RSN 000001
000001
UVM
.CLEAR MACHO
.CLOSE MACRO
.DLe:TE MACRO
.ENTe:R MACRO
.EXIT
MACRO
.fSTAT MACRO
.Ge:T
MACRO
.GTtlUf· MACRU
.GVBUf MACRO
.INlT
MACRO
.MEO
000003
.MTAPE MACRO
.UVRLA MACRO
MACRU
.PUT
.RAND
MACRO
.READ
MACRO
.RENAM MACRO
.RTRAN MACRO
.SCOM 000100
.SEEK
MACHO
.srSID MACHO
.THIER MACRO
.TRAN
MACRO
.USER
MACRO
.WAlT
MACRO
.riAlTR MACHO
.WRITE MACRO

261
349*
353
21~

RE~-e:AENCE

300

332

335

342

493

224
J81
015
303
nJ
359*
384

256
399
616
316
402

~95

583*
617
340

J12
598
620
345*

588*

38~

403

404

580

596

591*

605

~99

601

612

412

413

598*

499

lo~

60*

51*

~21
20~

Figure 4-1 (Cont. )
XVM LPll DOS Handler

4-22

Task Development

APILVL

The API level at which PIREX should interrupt the XVM1 this
is used in TCBs and in the definition of CAPI. APILVL should
indicate API level 0, I, 2, or 3. 1

APISLT

The API slot to which PIREX should issue interrupts 1 used in
TCBs and in the CONNECT/DISCONNECT software directives.

DEVICE
SKIP

In this case LSSF, one of the four possible uc15 skips.
skip is determined by which API level is chosen.

This

SKIP = APILVL*20 + 706101
The skip is used in the standard setup interrupts CAL (Figure
4-1, lines 624-628).
SIOA

Skip if PDP-II can accept a TCBP mnemonic1

(706001).

LIOR

Issue TCBP mnemonic1

CAP I

Clear interrupt flag mnemonic1 set to APILVL*20 + 706104,
used in interrupt service routine.

DEVCOD

The device code as defined in PIREX:

(706006).

used in TCBs.

NOTE
The conditional use of the spooled bit
(PDP-ll bit 7) (Figure 4-1, lines 71-76).
4.6.1.1

Initialization - The CAL entry of an XVM/DOS handler must

have a once only section of code that:
1.

Sets up a pointer to one of the reserved TCB areas in the
XVM/DOS monitor. This is done by locating a pointer to the
TCB area in the table pointed to by .SCOM+I00 (Figure 4-1,
lines 596-600).

Computes pointers to the various locations within this TCB
area, such as the event variable (Figure 4-1, lines 601-607).

Constructs the constant fields within the TCB such as the
API RETURN and device code (Figure 4-1, lines 611-619).

Sets up a pointer to the data area in the TCB, which will be
used as a buffer (Figure 4-1, lines 620-622).

4.6.1.2

.INIT Function - The .INIT function of any XVM UNICHANNEL

handler should check to see if the UNICHANNEL is enabled by testing
bit 16 of .SCOM+4.

If bit 16 is set, the UNICHANNEL is enabled, or

else if bit 16 is not set, lOPS 12 (device error) should be issued.
(Figure 4-1, lines 169-172.)

lLevel 0 may be used, but is not recommended because it could hang the
XVM system if the interrupt occurred at the wrong time.

4-23

Task Development

4.6.1.3

Request Transmission - When issuing requests to a task from a

XVM program, the requesting program (e.g., a XVM I/O handler) issues
the following sequence of instructions.
DZM EV

/CLEAR EV IN TCB

LAC (TCB)

/ADDRESS OF TCB IN AC

SIOA

/MAKE SURE PDP-11 CAN ACCEPT REQUEST

JMP .-1

/WAIT FOR IT IF NOT

LIOR

/ISSUE REQUEST TO THE PDP-11. THIS CAUSES A
LEVEL/? INTERRUPT TO THE PDP-11 AND CONTROL
TRANSFERRED/TO THE LEVEL ? HANDLER IN PIREX.

The instruction sequence which issues requests to tasks from the XVM
should have an identical format as shown above.

These five instructions

are ordered in a way which:
1.

Clears the event variable (EV) before issuing the request.

Allows an interruptible sequence while waiting for the PDP-11.

Allows a non-interruptible sequence once the SIOA instruction
skips and the LIOR is issued.

This occurs because the XVM always allows a non-in-cerruptible instruction following an lOT (in this case the SIOA).

The SIOA and JMP .-1

sequence is interruptible immediately following the execution of
JMP .-1.
The LPSET routine is used by the line printer handler to perform the
request transmission and thus send data to the line printer (or line
printer spooler) task (see Figure 4-1, lines 551-560).
4.6.1.4

Interrupt Section - Result Reception - After receipt of a

request to PIREX, the PDP-11 will use the contents of the TCB to
schedule the referenced task.
Meanwhile, the requesting program can either:
1.

Give up control and wait for an interrupt from the PDP-11 as
in the XVM/DOS line printer handler case or

4-24

Task Development

Test the

EV until it goes non-zero.

i.e.,

LAC EV
SNA
JMP .-2
to determine completion of the request. The EV is automatically set to a non-zero valye by the referenced task when the
request has been completed.
Interrupts generated by the PDP-II for the XVM are serviced by the
XVM in a fashion identical to regular XVM interrupts.

As in a non-

API environment, a SAPI N (N = 0, I, 2, or 3 depending on what API
level would have been used if the XVM had API) instruction tests for
the flag associated with the request.

In an API environment, the

appropriate API trap address must be set up before the interrupt occurs.
When program control is transferred to the interrupt service routine,
a CAPI N instruction must be issued to clear the hardware flag associated with the request.
After clearing this flag, the event variable should be tested to detect
an error condition (negative event variable).

See Figure 4-1, lines

129-132.
If an error has occurred, the event variable should be tested for a
possible PIREX out-of-node condition (PIREX ran out of space to store
the request).

If the error was an out-of-node error (EV = 177001) a

retry of the request should be attempted (see Figure 4-1, lines 148-152).
If the error was not an out-of-node error, an error message should be
sent to the user.

The error code should be composed of the event vari-

able and a handler mnemonic such as LPU (Figure 4-1, lines 155-164).

l When interrupt returns are used, the EV is set to non-zero just
prior to the issuing of the interrupt.

4-25

Task Development

4.6.1.5

.READ and .WRITE Requests - Actual input and output is accom-

plished by using typical XVM/DOS handler code with the following exceptions:
1

The TCB is used as the data buffer

The actual I/O is done by calls to the TCB transmission
routine.
In the example this is a call to LPSET
(Figure 4-1, line 359)

4.6.1.6

.CLOSE Function - If PIREX provides spooling services for the

device, there is a need to inform the device's spooler module that the
current job has completed so that the spooler is forced to process any
existing partially-filled buffers.

The writer must insure that both

the XVM/DOS handler and the PIREX spooler module agree upon a convention to indicate this end-of-file.

In the example, a form feed carriage

return (6414) acts as an end-of-file (Figure 4-1, lines 499-513).
4.6.2

PDP-11 Requesting Task

Tasks such as MAC11 may execute under control of the PIREX executive in
a background mode.

Considerations such as TCB structure and event var-

iable checking are similar to those of the XVM/DOS handler.
When the requesting program is a PDP-11 task, it must issue the initiate request macro (IREQ) in lieu of the 5 instruction sequence shown
for the XVM.

(See section 4.6.2.)

If the task being requested has

a higher priority than the current one issuing the request, it will
execute irnrnediatelY7 otherwise, control will return to the first instruction following the IREQ macro.

IREQ is defined as follows:

.MACRO IREQ TCBP
MOV TCBP,R~
MOV #100000,R4
lOT
.BYTE 2,0
.ENDM
The #100000 in R4 is used by PIREX to identify a PDP-11 request.

1Depending on Driver task design the TCB need not be used as a data
buffer for NPR devices.
4-26

Task Development

A TCBP is a TCB pointer.

If the requesting task desires a software

interrupt it should place the interrupt return address in the proper
entry of the "SEND 11" Table (see Section 3.3.8).
4.6.3

UNICHANNEL Device Handlers for XVM/RSX

The following description of how to write a UNICHANNEL device handler
for XVM/RSX does not discuss those topics pertaining to all XVM/RSX
I/O handlers, see the chapter on Advanced Task Construction in the
XVM/ RSX System Manual.
4.6.3.1

Definition of Constants - Several constants are defined in a

UNICHANNEL handler's source file before any executable code (see
Figure 4-2, lines 67-80).

These constants include:

APISLT

The API slot to which PIREX issues interrupts~ this is
used in TCBs and the CONNECT/DISCONNECT software
directives.

APILVL

The API level at which PIREX interrupts the XVM~ this
is used in the TCB and in definition of CAPI.
APILVL should indicate API levell, 2, or 3.

DEVICE
SKIP

UNICHANNEL device skip equated to APILVL*20+706101.

SIOA

Mnemonic for "skip of PDP-II can accept a
706001.

LIOR

Mnemonic for "Issue

CAP I

Clear interrupt flag mnemonic~ set this to APILVL
*20+706104.
It is used in the interrupt service
routine.

DEVCOD

The device code as defined in PIREX~ this is used in
TCBs.

4.6.3.2

TCBP"~

706006.

Initialization - The handler initialization is located imme-

diately following these definitions (see Figure 4-2, lines 263-321).
During handler initialization, the PIREX device driver status must be
cleared and the event variable checked to see if the driver is functioning (see Figure 4-2, lines 288-305).

Since it is not obvious to XVM/

RSX whether or not the driver is operational, a message should be
printed before the handler exits if the driver is not running under
PIREX.

4-27

Task Development
PAGE

CD .... 021

Co •••• CHI5/UCI5 CARD

28
29

HEAD~H

EDlr .020

4/22/75 SCR UCIS Eor CARD riX
2/2174 SCR CLEANUP
SCR
CRI5 ERROR HANDLING; RRN SWIICHI
SCR
fIX COON HANDLING CRI~ VERSIJN
SCR
CLEANUP, (BOTH! DEVICES
SCH
MOR~ U:15 CODE
SCR START TO pur IN uel5 CODE
IEDIT 'Oil
1·18·n
IICOlT 114
6·26·73
ICOP~HIGHT 197], DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP., MA~NARD, MASS.
IC.W. KEMP •••• •• A. UESIMUNE • •••• G. M. COLE

IEOlT '021
IEOIT ,020
IEOlT '019
IEOlT '018
IEOIT '017
n:OlT .016
lEon 10 IS

30
31
32
3l
34

35
36

37
38

ICRI5 CARD READER CONTHOL HANOL~R TASK. THIS CONTRuL .ILL
ISUPPORT SURBAN AND DUCUMATION READICRS.
CRI5 CODE IS OBIAINICD wITH NO ASSEMBL~ PPARAMETERS

42
43
44

I
I
I

TO OBTAIN UCI5 CODE DEfiNE UCI5=0.
ADDITIONAL UCl5 PAHAMETERS:
I
DEFINE NOSPL=O TO DISABLE SPUOLING fOR CARD READER. fOR INSTANCE
I
IF SPOOLER PACKAGE DOESN'T HAVE CARU READER ASSEMBLED IN FOR SPACE REASONS.
I AN EQUATE fUR APILVL IS NICCESSARY TO SET UP
I lOT'S FOR CORRECT PRIURITY LEVEL TO CLEAR PIREX REJUEST.
I PRESENTLY LEVEL I IS THE CARD READER ASSIGNMENT.

47
48
49
50
51
52

I
I
I
I
I
I

54
55

56
57
58
59
60
61
62

I
I
I
I

63
64

I
I

72
73

000055
000001
706121
706001
706006
706124

A
A
A
A
A
A

ooouo~

UCl5

APISL'f=55
APILVL=1
CRSI=APILVL*20+706101
SIOA=706001
LIOR=70600b
CAPI=APILVL*20.706104
I

.1f'UNO NQSPL

75
76
77
78
79

IN ORDEH FOR THE UCI~ HA~DLER TO FUNCTIUN PRUPERLY, THE
PDPII MUST BE ABLE TO ACCESS OUR INT~RNAL BUfFER
AND TCB'S. THIS M~ANS THAT IHEIH ADDHESS MUST HE LESS THAN
28K TO THE PDPII. THUS, IF THE PDP-II LOCA~ MEMORY IS 8K,
THIS HANDLER MUST RESIDE BELO. 20K IN PUPI5 COREll IHIS
IS EQUIVALENT TO 50000 OCTAL. SIMILAHLY , IF THE LOCAL
PDp·II MEMORY IS 12K, fHE HANDLICR MUST RESIDE BELOri
40000 OCTAL.
.IFOEF

67
68
69
70

DEVCOD=5
.ENDC
.IFDEF NOSPL
DEVCOO=205
.ENDC

Figure 4-2
XVM CRII XVM/RSX Handler

4-28

Task Development
PAGE

(

CO .... 021

80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116

.ENDC
I

lED IT 14 ADDS ASSEMBLY PARAMETER ERHLUN fa SPECIfY LOGICAL UNlf
I
FOR ALL ERROK M~SSAGES, [HE IS SET TO 3 IF USED INtERACliVELY
I
MOST OF THE TIM~ OR TO 100 WHEN USED wlfH PHASE
I
III BATCH. LUN 100 IS O~fINED ro 8E THE 8AfCH JP~RA10R DEVICE.
I

.IFUND ERRLUN
ERRLUN=IOO
.ENDC
ITHIS IS AN lOPS ASCII UNLY HA~DLER TASK.
lIT CAN BE ASSEMBLED TO READ 029 OR 026 IBM KEYPUNCHED :ARDS.
IDEFINE DEC026 Tu READ 026 PUNCHED CARDS.
IDEC026 UNDEFINED TO READ 029 PUNCHED CARDS.
I
I

THE FOLLOWING gUEUE I/U OIKECflViS ARE

FOR HINf THE FOLLOWlNG lNFORMATION IS R~TURNEO IN rHE EV

CPB

3600

IMPLE~E~[ED

HANDLER INFORMATION (HINF)

EVA
LUN

I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I

118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129

Bli o
BIT I = I
BIT 2 = 0
BIT 3 = 0
BITS 4-11
BITS 12-11

UNUSED
INPUT DEVICE
NUT OUTPur DEVICE
NOT fILE-ORIENTED
UNIT NUMBER 'ZERU'
D~VICE CODE = 7
CARD

CPB

2400
J::VA
LUN

AnACH CARD READER

CPB

2500
EVA
LUN

DETACH CARD READER

CPS

2000
EVA

RI::AD CARD

(Il
(2)

READ~R

LUN
MODE
Burr'
SIZE

(3)
(4)
(5)

IIF A REQUEST CANNOT BE QUEUED, THE fOLLUwING EVENT
IVALUES ARE RETURNED:

130
131

132
133
134

I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I

117

PAGE

CO •••• CRI5/UCIS CARD KEADEK ~DIT #020

VARIA~LE

CO .... 021

-101 -- INDlCATED LUN UUI::S Nor EXITS.

Co •••• CR1S/UCIS CARD READ~R EDIT .020
I
I

-102
-103

-777

INDICATED LUN IS NDT ASSIGNED TO PHISI:AL DEVICE.
HANDLJ::R TASK IS NOT CORE RESIDE~T.
NODE FOR REQUEST QUEUE ~OT AVAILAijLE.

135
136

137
138

IIF THE QUEUED 110 REQUEST CANNur BE SUCCI::SSfULLY DE.UEUED,
ITHE fOLLOWING EVENT VARIABLE VALUES AkE RETURNED:

139
140
141

142
143
144
145
146
147

I
I
I

I
I
I
I

-7

lLLEGAL DATA MOD~.
fU.CfION.
-24
LUN RI::ASSIGNED ~riILE AITACH/DETACH R~JUESr IN QuEUE.
-30
OUT OF PARTITIO. rRANSFER (NURMAL MODE).
-203 -- CAL NUT TASK ISSUED.

UNIMPL~MI::NrED

.EJJ::CT

Figure 4-2 (Cant.)
XVM CRII XVM/RSX Handler

4-29

Task Development
PAGE

CO .... 021

148
149

150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166

167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198

Co •••• CRI5/UCIS CARD REAU~R ~OIT .020
I
I

•••••

CONSTANTS •••••

000012 A
OOOOlJ A
000101 A
000102 A
000103 A
000104 A
000107 A
000123 A
000240 A
000252 A
000325 A
000332 A
000337. A
000342 A
000145 A
000361 A
000010 A

X12=12
X13=13
RI=IOI
R2=102
Rl.I03
R4=104
NADO=107
SNAM-12l
POOL=240
PUVL=2S2
ALAO=325
OLAD=332
OQRQ=337
VAJX=342
10CO=345
DMTQ=361
D.TG=IO

IAUTO-IND~XR~G. 12
IAUTO-INDEXREG. IJ
IRE-ENTRA~T R~G. I
IRE-ENTRANT REG. 2
IRE-ENTRANT REG. 3
IR~-~NTRANT REG. 4
INOD~ A~DITIU~ ROUTINE ENTRY POINT
INAME SCA~ ROUTINE ENTRY ·PUINT
ILI5THEAO fUR PUOL Of EMPTY NODES
IL15THEAU fOR PHrSICAL O~VIC~ LIST
IATTACH LUN , OEVIC~ ENrRY POINT
ID~TACH LUN & OEVICE ENTRY POINt
IDE-QUEUE RE~UEST ENfRY POINT
IVERIfY AND ADJUST 110 PARAMS.
IDECR~MENT TRANSFERS PENDING COUNI.
IUE-QUEU~ 1/0 REQUEST (fOR ABORfING).
IPOSITION OF TRIGER ~V~NT VARIA~L£ IN PDVL NODE

.IFUND

UCIS

CWC=22
CCA=23

IwC DCH ADDRESS.
ICA DCH ADDMESS.

IPSUEDO-INSTR. FOR

wr.sw SUBR.

WFOfF=SNA
WfON=SZA

IwAITfOR CRI5 NUT MEAOY.
IriAlTfOH CRI5 READY.

ICONDITIONS fOR LOAD READER CONOITIUN IUT (CRLC).
I

CCI=20
CC2=27
CC3=26
CC4=04
I
I

•••••

ICLEAR SIATUS,D!SA8L~ INTEMRUPf AND DArA CHANNEL.
ICLEAR StATUS,START READ,ENA~~E INT~RRUPT AND OATA CHANNEL.
ICLEAR SIAIUS,ENABLE INTERRUPI,~NA~LE DAtA CHANNEL.
lEN ABLE INTERRS. DISABLES DCH
lOT INSTRUCTIUNS •••••

CRPC=706724
CRLC=706704
CRRS=706732

ICLEAR STATUS EXCEPT CAHD OONE.(ALSO DISABLES INTERR.)
ILOAD READER CONDitIONS.
IREAD STATUS INTO AC.

.ENDC
I

705522 A
705521 A

.INH=705522
.ENB=705S21

I!NHI~11

IENA~LE

INTERRUPTS.
INTERR~PTS.

.EJEC'r

Figure 4-2 (Cont.)
XVM CRll XVM!RSX Handler

4-30

Task Development
PAGE

CO .... 021

199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210

/----CRI5 STATUS AND AC HIT ASSIGNMENTS.
/

/STATUS REGISTER BIT ASSIGNMENTS:
I

/
/
/
/
/

I
I

211

212

I
I

214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228

I
I
I
/
I

17
16
15
14
13
12
11

COLUMN REAOr
END Of' CARD
DATA CHANNEL OVERFLOw
DATA CHAN~EL ENABLED
REAIH' TO READ
ON LINE
END D~" nLE
Busr
TROUBLE (= lOR or HITS 4 - 8)
OATA MISSED
HOOPER EMPTrlSTACKER FULL
PICK ERROR
MUT ION ERROR
PHOTO ERROR
UNUSED

09
08
07
06
05
04
03-00

lAC BIT ASSIGNMENTS fOR LOAD CONDITION FUNCTION (CRL=)
I
I
I

BIT

fUNCTlUN

17
16
15
14

S'TART READ
DATA CHANNEL ENAHLE
INTERRUPT ENAHLE
UfrSET CARD
CLEAR STATUS REGISTER

I
I

I
I
I
I

STATUS REGISTER ~ITS CONNECTED TU FLAG AND INTERRUPT REwUESTI

233

I
I
I
I
I

234

235
236

237

17
16
15
09

DATA REAOr(ONLr IF DATA CHANNEL Nur ENABLED)
CARD DONE
DATA CHANNEL OVERFLOw
ERROR CONDIT lilN

IMACRD DEFINITIONSI

238
239

240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248

ICP MACRO FOR CAHU CULUMN TO ASCII TRANSLATIUN TA8LE 02&/029 CONDITIDNALIZATION
I

.IrDEr
.DEFIN

DEC026
CP,C26,C29

C26\7777+1

.ENIIM
.ENDC
• If'UND
.DErIN

249

I)EC026
CP,C26,C29

C29' 7777+1

250

252
253
254

TRANSLAT ION

229
230
231
232

251

BIT

213

PAGE

CO •••• CRI5/UCI5 CARD READER EDIT .020

.ENDM

CO •••• 021

CO •••• CRI5/UCI5 CARl) R~ADEH Elill .020
.i::NDC
.EJECT

Figure 4-2 (Cont.)
XVM CRII XVM/RSX Handler

4-31

Task Development
PAGE
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
2b6
261
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275

270
277
218
219
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
281
288
289
290
291
~92

293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304

co .... 021

CD •••• :HI5/UCI5 CARU

R~AU~K

EDIT 1020

I
I
I

f •• "

HANDLER INITIALIZATION

I
1ST ART

•••••

(ONC~

UNL{

COD~)

fUR AC IN INT~RR. SERvICE.
Irop Of INTERNAL ~UffER.
ISTORAG~

Il~Uf

I
I
00000
00001
00002
00003
00004

R 200046
R 060647
R 200b50
R 060b51
R 120652

R
R
R
R
R

00005
00006
00007
00010
00011
00012
00013
00014
00015
00016
00011
00020
00021

R 000b~3
R 040~67
R 723010
R 040510
R 000571
R 200561
R 7411 00
R 000b53
R 200654
R 060510
R 500655
R 140031
R 040563

R
R

00022
00023
00024
00025
00026
00027
00030
00031

START
IIlUf

JMS*
CAL
DAC
AAC
DAC
CAL
LAC
SPA
CAL
LAC
DAC'
AND
TCA
DAC

A
R

R
R
A
R
R
R
R

A
R

.HUND
LAC
CRLC
.ENDC
.IfDEf
JMS
LAC
RTL
SMA
JMP
CAL
CAL
CAL

R 100025 R
R 200b13 R

R 142010 A

R 140100
R 600057
R 000034
R 000032
R 000b53

A
R

R 00002U
R 000561
R 002700
R 000561
R 000100
R OOOOO~
R 000041
R 004002
R 000000
R 251245

A
H
A
R
A
A
R
A
A
A

LAC
DAC'
LAC
DAC'

R
R

(~DVL)

ISCAN

~UVL

fOR THIS DEvICE'S NJDE

(RI)

(HNAM)
(R2)
(SNAM)

IR, R2, Rb, XR, & AC ARE AL'T~RED
INODE fOU"D1
INU -- EXIT
IY~S -- PUVL NODE ADDRESS IN A:.

(10)
PDVNA
iJ.TG
PDVTA

ISAVE NUDE ADDRESS AND
IrRIGG~R ~VENr VARIABLE AUDRESS
INT~RRUPT LINE
ICONNE:T OK1

ICONNECT

CC~1l

INa -- EXIT
liES -- SET TEv ADUR;:SS

(10)
( rG)
PDVTA
(10000)

IDETER~IN~

'XR-ADJ'

XADJ
UCI5
(CCI)

ICLEAR STArus, UISAllLE 1,-. ft,;R, AND DCH.
ILUAu fUNCTlUN.

UCI5
CLEAR

ICL~AR

~VlIK

InND JU r If or<

.rrGR
MSINIT
.fMS
(10

IPDPII ~IGN llIr co OURS
ISKIP H" lROUBL~
II't0T, GO NAIf fOR .URr<
IPMINT ~Ik~X HAS NU CO ~~SSA~E
I.Alf r~H M~SSAGE CUMPLErIO.
/I:;XlT

uur PIREX

D~VICE,

oAlr fJR

I
00032
00033
00034
00035
0003&
00031
00040
00041
00042
00043

.fMS

20
~V

MSINIT

INITMS

2100
EV
EHRLUN
2
INITMS
0040021 000000, .ASCll

'I." NO CD IN

Figure 4-2 (Cant.)
XVH CRll XVH/RSX Handler

4-32

PIK~X"<l~>

CO~PLET~

Task Development
PAGE

CO .... 021

CO •••• CRI5/UCI5 CARD REAO~R ~uIT .020

00044 R 220234 A
00045 R 475010 A
00046 R 342100 A
00047 R 446344 A
00050 R 050222 A
00051 R 512133 A
00052 R 006400 A
305
306
307
308

00053 R 600057 R
HNAM

323
324
325

333
334

335
336
337

345
346
347
348

.H'DEF

UCI5

.~LOCK

53+START-.

.ENDC
THE

I~r~RNAL

BurfER ••••••

1*·.··········.···.········· •• ········•···········•··· ....•......•.
I
UCI5 INTERRUPT-CAL INTERACTION .ILL bE DIffERENT
KEEP INITIAL PART S~PARATE
.IFUNO

UCI5

.fTGR

CAL

.FTCPB

I
I

THE TASK HAS BE~N TRIGGERED -- PICK A REQUESr

•••••

I.AIT fOR

r~v

rJ BE SET
rRO~

QUEUE

340
342
343
344

121.START-.

I ••••• END OF INiTIALIZAtION :UOE •••••
I
I •••••••• THE ABUV~ CUO~ IS OV~RLA¥ED ~I

338
339
341

~C15

NAM~

I
00056 R 777775 A

329

330
331
332

.11' UNO

• BLOCK

TASK

.ENOC

326
327
328

IHANDL~R

317

322

IwAIT fOR TRIGGEH

'CO~~~~'

315
316

320
321

.fTGR

.SlXBT

00054 R 030400 A
00055 R 000000 A

309
310
311
312
313
314

318
319

.ENDC
JMP

DZM
LAC
DAC'
JMS'

TG
PDVNA
(Rll
(DGRU)

JMP

rifTGR

ICLEAR TRIGGER
IIlEYUE A REQUEST
IRI, R2, R4, R5, R6, XR & AC ARE ALTt:RED
IWAS A REGUt:ST fOUND?
INO -- WAIf fOR TRIGGER

I
.ENDC
.11' DEI'
UC15 CODE

UCl5

THE GENERAL IDEA IS THAT ALL WAITS ARE DONE THRU
THE TRIGGER, ojE fiGURE OUT "EkE WHO SET TH~ rRIGGER. rHIS

Figure 4-2 (Cont.)
XVM CRll XVM/RSX Handler

4-33

Task Development
PAGE

349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
305
366
367
368
369
370

CD .... 021

CD •••• CR15/UC15 CARD READER EDIT .020
ALLOwS US TO GET UUT UF HU~G DEVICE, SINCE wE WAIT HERE,
AND CAN SEE AN AHURT COMING THRU.

I
I
I

00057 R 000575 R
00060 R 200562 R
00061 R 140502 R
00002 R 742010 A
00003 R 751130 A
00064 R 600071 R

wfTGR

wFTCPIl
CAL
TG
LAC
DZM
TG
RTL
SPAICLAIIAC
JMP
P(ll

P(l

00065 R 540554 R
00066 R 600177 R
00067 R 540407 R
00070 R 600057 R

IwAIT FOR EVENT VARIABLE TG
IfIND OUT wHO IS CALLI.G
IRESEr
IAIlORr BIT TO SIGN BIT
ISKIP IF NOT ABORT, I IN AC.
IGO DO ABORT IN REGULAR WAX. THE HANGING
IREAD IS R~MEMB~RED IN RRN!
IHAS A CARD BEEN DECLAREU DONE BX INTERRUPT
IXEAH, GO TRANSLATE IT
IAR~ WE WAITING FOR INTERRUPT
IxES, AND IT HASN'T HAPPENED XET, SINCE
ICUUN 101 SET. wAlT ON THIS :AL REQ, TO 8E
IDONE AFT~R THE INrERRUPT HAPPENS. IF A80RT
ICDM~S IN THE MEANTIME, HE IS PUT AT HEAD
10F DE~UE OF WAITING REY.'S SO WE DO HIM.

SAD
JMP
SAD
JMP

COON
GUTCRD
PllST
WFTGR

LAC
DAC'
JMS.
JMP

PDVNA
(RI
(LJQRll
wFIGR

ITRX TO DEQUE AFT~R UPERATION 8ErOR~ WAITING
liN CASE wAITING fOR INTERRuPT HAS HELD OFF
IA REQUgS'l'.
IDION'r "IND ONE, GO wAH

IlN
XADJ

IXES -- SAVE ADDRESS OF REQUESr NODE
IS~TUP XR TU ACCESS NJD~

I
I
I
I

00071 R 200567 R
00072 R 060047 R
00073 R 120650 R
00074 R 600057 R

371
372

P(ll

373

.ENDC

374

375
376

00075 R 040564 R
00076 R 340503 R
00077 R 721000 A

377

DAC
TAD
PAX

378
379

••••• 110

380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400

PAGE
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412

413
414
415

410
417
418

419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429

R~QUESI

NUDE fORMAl •••••

(0) FORWARD LINK
(I) 8ACKWARD LINK
(2) STL PTR.
(3) PART. 8LK PTR. (0 IF ~XM TSK).
(4) TASK PRIORITY
(5) 110 fCN CUD~ IN IlITS 9-17 AND LUN IN BITS o-~
(6) -- EVENT VARIAIlLE AODRESS
(7) CTa PTR.
(10) EXTRA
!II) EXTRA

I
I
I

I
I
I
I

I
I

00100 R 210005 A
00101 R 500657 R
00102 R 540660 R
00103 R 600120 R
00104 R 540661 R
00105 R 600127 R
00106 R 540662 H
00107 R 600140 H
00110 R 540663 R

CD ••• ,

021

00111 R 600136 R
00112 R 540657 R
00113 R 600464 R
00114 R 540664 R
00115 R 600502 R
00116 R 777772 A
00117 R 600424 R

LAC
AND
SAD
JMP
SAD
JMP
SAO
JMP
SAD

5,X
( 777)
(024)
ATTACH
(025)
DETACH
(026)
READ
(036)

IFETCH l/U FCN CODE
IAT'fACH REQUEST?
IYES -- ATTACH fO TASK
INO -- OETACH REQUESr?
IXES -- DETACH fROM rASK
INO -- READ REQUST?
IYES -- READ CARD
INU -- HANDLER INFO.?

CO •••• CR15/UC15 CARD R~ADER EUlr .020
JMP
SAD
JMP
SAO
JMP
LAW
JMP

EVM6

HIN"
( 777)
DAEX
(017)
CDABRT
-6

SEV

-- RETURN INFO IN ~V
INa -- EXIT (DEASSIGNED) REQUEsr.
IXES -- DEAT'l'ACrl & EXIT
I ABORT IlEQUEST"!
liES.
INO -- UNIMPLE~ENr~D fUNCIIUN -- SEf
IEVENT VARIABLE 1u -6
IY~S

ATTACH TO A TASK

00120
00121
00122
00123
00124

R 200567 R
R 060647 R
R 200564 R
R 060651 R
R 120665 R

ATl'ACH

00125 R 600424 R
00126 R 600423 R

LAC
DAC·
LAC
DAC'
JMS·

PDVNA
(Rl)
RN
(R2)
(ALAD)

JMP
JMP

SEV
REllCMP

IAT'fACH LUN

DEVICE -

IR3, R4, R5, R6, XIO, Xli, Xri ,;. AC ARE ALTERED
IwAS LUN ATTACrlED?
INU -- S~I R~QUESrOR'S EV TO -24
IYES REQUEST COMPLETED

I
I

DETACH FROM TASK

00127 R 200567 R
00130 R 060647 R
00131 R 200564 R
00132 R 060651 R
00133 R 120666 R
00134 R 000424 R
00135 R 600423 R

DETACH

LAC
DAC·
LAC
DAC·
JMS'

POVNA

JMP
JMP

SEV
HEllCMP

(Ill)

RN
(1l2)

(DLAD)

R4, RS, Rb, XIO, XII, XR & AC ARE ALTERED
IWAS LUN ATtACHED
INO -- SET RE~UESTOR'S EV TU -24
IXES -- REQU~sr COMPLET~D

110,

430

431

.EJECT

Figure 4-2 (Cont.)
XVM CRll XVM/RSX Handler

4-34

Task Development
PAGE

4)2
433
434
4)5
4)6
4)1
4)8
439
440
441
442
44)
444
445
446
441
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
451
458
459
460
461
462
46)
464
465
466
461
468
469
470
471
412
473

414
415
416
411
418
419
480
481
482
483

CD •••• 021

001)6 R 200667 R
001)7 R 600424 R

00140 R 111176 .A
00141 R )50007 A
00142 R 140200 A
0014) R 600460 R
00144 R 210002 A
00145 R 040556 R
00146 R 210010 A
00141 R 060610 R
00150 R 210011 A
00151 R 060671 R
00152 R 740031 A
0015) R 12)002 A
00154 R 040566R
00155 R 040514 R
00156 tl 200564 R
00151 R 040511 R
00160 R 060651 R
00161 R 120612 R
00162 R 600462 R

co •••• CRI5/UCI5 CARD

R~ADER

EDIT .020

I
I R~TURN HAND~ER INfORMATION
I
HINf
LAC
(200007)
JMP
SEV
I
IREAD :ARD
I
READ
LAW
-2
TAO
7,X
SZA
JMP
EVM1
LAC
2,X
DAC
STLA
LAC
IO,X
(R)
DAC'
LAC
II,X
(R4)
DAC'
TCA
AAC
+2
DAC
COWDCT
DAC
fCWC
LAC
RN
DAC
RRN
(R2)
DAC'
JMS'
(VAJX)
JMP
EVM)O

0016) R 220670 R
00164 R 723117 A
00165 R 040512 R
00166 R 12)002 A
00161 R 040513 R
00170 R 140565 R

RETRY

LAC'
AAC
DAC
AAC
DAC
DZM
.lfUND
LAC
SNA
CAL
DZM
LAC
DAC.
DZM.
LAC
DAC
DZM
CRRS
AND
SAD
SKP
JMP
LAC
CRLC

(R)
-I
TXI2
+2
TXI3
CDR VAL
UCI5
CUON

ICHK. fOR lOPS ASCII DATA MODE.
/lOPS ASCII?
INO, R~TURN -5 EV.
ISAVE STL NODE prR. fOR fASK ID€NtIF.
ISAVE VALID STL PIR.
nES. VAL/ADJ. HEADER ADDRESS
IHEADER ADDRESS.
IwORD :OUN'f
ISETUP COUNTER SINCE
IOfFSEf fOR CR APPENDAGE.
IVAJX ALTt:RS THE XR.
ISAVE IN CASE RETR¥.
IRt:Q. NODE ADDRESS.
ISAVt: READ REY. NODE ADDR. fOR ABORT.
IVAL/ADJ. (ALlERS XR,A:,RJ,R5)
IRETS. HERE H' ERIHJR (110 PARA,~. OUT
IOf PARTITION.
IADJUSTED HEADER ADDRESS -I TU XI2 TEMP.
ITEX'f ADDRESS-I fU xu fEMP.
I
IlNlT. VALID. ~lTS.
IHAS CARD DONE 'uAG :U~E UP SINCE
ILASf CARD READ?
INO. wAITrUR CARD DONE.
I¥t:S. :LEAR CARD OON~ fLAG.
/SET INTt:RN. BUff ADDR-I TU DCH CA.

wfCHCD
CDON
(UIUf-l)
(CCA)
(CwC)
IPREVENTS UUUBL~ INTERRUPTS ON ERRDRS!I!!
'fCwc
IREsrOR~ REU. wC.
CDwDCT
IREINIT EV. REfRY fRJM ERROR.
En
IR~AD STATUS IN URD~R TD CHECK fOR READ~R READ¥
(60)
lAND ON-LINE.
(60)
IS1'Arus ~lrS 12, IJ SEl'?
nES, ON-LINE AND READ¥ fOR READ.
ERRI
INO, NOT READ¥. l¥PE MSGI AND WAIf fUR READY.
(CC2)
ICONDITION CUDE 2 -- REAU CARD.
ILOAD :UNDIIIONS.

Figure 4-2 (Cont.)
XVM CRII XVM/RSX Handler

4-35

Task Development
PAGE
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534

535

CO .... 021

Co •••• -CRI5/UCI5 CARD REA£5ER t::Dl'f .020
CAL

_FCRCII

IwAIT fOR INTERRupr.

I
I
I

IUPON RESUMPTION fULLOwING WAITFOR,
IACTION:

EXAMIN~

EV AND TAKE rHE FOLLUwING

IIF EV BIT 9 = 0 (TRUUBLE BIT), NU ERRURS. TRA.SLArE :ARD PUN~H~S
ITO ASCII AND PASS TO USER AS 5/7 PACKED ASCII.
IIF BIT 9 = I (TROUBLE 1111), ERMOR llilS 08 fU 04 ARE :H~CKED 1M
IDESCENDING NUMERICAL URUER. THE fULLOwiNG ERROR MES5AG~S fUR THE
IGIVEN ERRUR CONDITIUNS ARE OUTPUT:
I

IOATA MISSED UR PHOTU ERROR - 'fff CD DATA MISSED/PHOTO EMROR'
IPICK OR MOTION ERROR - ' ••• CD PICK ERROR'
IHOPPER EMPTY OR STACKER FULL - IGNORED. CAUGHf UN SUBSEQ.
IREAD AS A READER NUT READY CO.DIIIUN.
lIN ALL CASES WHERE A MESSAGE IS TYPt::D, THIS HANDLER TASK MARKS TIME
IUNTIL THE ERROR IS REMEDIED. AI THIS PUINT, fHE CARD IS REREAD.
I

EVI
LAC
DAC
1ST
SWHA
SMAIRAR
JMP
TRANS
SZL1RAR
JMP
ERR4
SZL1RAR
JMP
TRANS
SZL1RAR
JMP
ERR3
SZLIRAR
ERR3
JMP
ERR4
JMP

lEV SET AT INTERR. LEVEL TU CONTENTS UF
ISTATUS. SAVE TEMP.
ISWAP HALVES rOR tROUBLE ~lr Crt~CK.
IIF NEG.,TROUBL£.
INO TROUBLE. GO TRANSLATE.
IDATA MISSEO-/
UES.

IND. HOPPER EMPIY/SrA:K. FULL?
~HEN NEXT CRD. READ CAUGHT AS Nor READY.
UES. IGNORE.
IPICK ERIWR?
IYES.
IMOl'lON ERROR?
IYES.
INU. MUST BE PHOTO ERROR.

I
I

ERR4
ERR3
ERR2
ERR!

ISZ
ISZ
ISZ
LAC'
JMS
JMS

ERRPT
ERRPT
ERRPT
ERRPT
nWUT
~F.SW

IERRMSG. Burf~R AOOR. IJ AC.
/TYPE MESSAAE.
I_AITfDR READER READY.

~FON

TRANS

(ERRPT+!)

IREINIr. ERRPT.

LAC
DAC
JMP

RETRY

IREAD ANOTHER CARD.

• EJECT
LAC
DACf
LAC
DACf

fl12
(X!2)
TI13
(XI3)

ISET AUTO INDt::X REG.

~RRPT

Figure 4-2 (Cont.)
XVM CRlI XVM/RSX Handler

4-36

Task Development
PAGE

CD .... 021

Co •••• eRI5/UCI5 CAHD H~AUEH ~UIT 1020

536
NOW BRING BACK HN FRUM RHN, IN CASE HN DESTROIED IN

531

538
539
540
541
542

543
544
545
546
547

CDRM5
CDML2

548

JMP

549
550
551

552
553

554
555
556
557
558
559
560

LAC
DAC
LAC
DAC
LAW
DAC
LAW
DAC
LAC.
SAD

CDML4

561
562
563
564
565

HRN
HN
(lBUf)
ICA
-20
ceCOLC

570
571

572

CDDPlR

573
574

575
576
577
578
579

580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587

COGALT

IIUP OF INrEHNAL BUFFER
IPTR TO BUFfEH
ICARD COL COUNr

-5

COR5CT
ICA
CoRALT
CDGALT

SAD
<7777
JMP
EOF
LAC
Co'fABL
DAC
CoTPTH
LAC
COTLNI
DAC
CDTL~N
ADO
CoTPTR
DAC
COCPTH
LAC·
CDCPTR
AND
( 7777
SZAICLL
ADD
C07700
TAO.
ICA
SNAICLA
JMP
COCfND
SAD
CIHLEN

566
567
568
569

JMP
ILLCP
SNL
JMP
CDDPTR
LAC
COCPTH
DAC
COTPTR
LAC
CDTLEN
CLLIRAR
JMP
COML4
LA.
4000
JMP
CDCPu'r

IGt:T
IALT MODE (12,I,d PUNCH)?
liES -- TERMINArE BUFFEH
INU -- IS IT AN ~OFI
lIES.
INO -- THANSLArE fO ASCII
IGET TOP OF TABLE AND SEl PTR
ISET TABLE LENGTH
ICURHENT' LENGTri/2
ICURRENT TABL~ rop + LENGTH/2
IGET CUHHEN! IrEM
IADD IN REST Of 2'5 CO~PLEMENr WORD
ICURRENT CULUMN
{MATCH ~'OUNDI
irES
{CUHRENT TABLE LENGtri =01
ITHIS MEANS AN UNKNOWN CARD PUNCH
IGU OUTPUT 'ILLEGAL CARD PUNCri'.
{L=O JUMP UP, L=I JU~P DOWN TABLE
15ET fABLE TOP fa LO.ER HALf
{UPDATE TABLE LENGTH
{ALT MODE

EOF

LAC
JMP

(1005

HEQCHA

{S~T

HDR WOI TO EOf
COMPLETE

IREQU~ST

ICOME HERE ON MArCH FOUND
I

COCFND

~EANTIME

LAC.
COCPTH
CHAtCLL
TAD
CDTABL+l
CMA

IGET CURRENT ENfRI
IGEN. LEfTMOST ~lT
IAIiD 4000000

Figure 4-2 (Cont.)
XVM CRll XVM/RSX Handler

4-37

Task Development
PAGE

CLl .... 021

co •••• CRI5/UCIS CARD R~AOER

588
589
590
591
592

COCPUT
CIJCLAW

593

CDCI'Ll

594
595

XOR
RAR
DAC
LAW
DAC
LAC

~OIT

COTAIlLtl

IR~STORE

CDRWIJ3

IPUT IN TOP Of'

597
598

,599
600

601
602
603

604
605

606
607
608

609
610
611
612

613
614

615
616
617
618

619
620
621
622

623

SIXTH

~II

lORD

S~IFT

BLUCK

-1

CIJR7CT
CDRWOl

RAL
DAC
CORWlJl
LAC
CORWIJ2
RAL
OAC
CIJRwIJ2
LAC
CIJRWDI
RAL
CORWOI
OAC
ISZ
COR7CT
JMP
CIJC!'LI
ISZ
ICA
ISZ
CORSCT
JMP
COML2
COWOCT
LAC
TAD
(2
DAC
CDWIJCT
SMA
JMP
CIJVER2
LAC
CIJRW02
CLLIRAL
OAC
CIJRWIJ2
LAC
CORWOI
RAL
DAC'
XU
LAC
CORW02
DAC'
Xl3
ISZ
CDCOLC
JMP
CIJRMS

596

1020

ICDEwD3,CDRWD2 , CORIO I SHIFT AS A UNIT USING
ITH~ LINK TO PASS ~ITS FROM _ORIJ TO lORD

IPOINT TO .~xr CARD CJL
IHAV~ wE PROC~SSEO 5 ~ORIJS?
INU GET ANOTHER ONE
IYES -- UPDAIE WORD COUNt ANIJ
ICHECK TO SE~ IF WE HAVE OVERFLUWEIJ T~E
IUSER'S BUFFER
IYES -- WE HAV~ OVERfLJ.ED
INa -- INSERT 5/7 WORDS IN

US~K'S

ISTORE FIRST WORD
ISTURE SECOND WORD

.ENDC

624

625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635

636
637
638

639

.IfOEf UCIS
/
/
/
/

/
/
/

/
/

/
/
/
/

IN THE CASE OF THE UNICHAN.EL, WE RECIEVE A 42(10) WORD
BUfFER. THE fIRST WURD IS A IlYTE COUNT (NOW ALWAYS 80(10».
NOTE THAT AN EOf CARD HAS A BYTE CUUNT IJF III
SPOOLER DOES CHECKSUM CALCULATION, NOT US.
THE SECOND IS A CHECKSUM SO ENTIRE BUfFER AOOS TO 0
III".MODULO 2"16 THAT 151"111. THEN ARE 40(10) NaRDS
Of 'COMPRESSED COLUMN'. (SEE CR-II DRIVER MANUAL). EACH
WORD HAS TWO EXTRANEOUS BITS AT LEfT, THE ISECIJNO CHARI
Of THE PAIR, AND FINALLY THE FIRST CHAR or PAIR AT RIGHTMOSr
Of wORD. THE PDP-II HAS ALREADY CHECKED FOR VALID PUNCH
COMBINATIONS (b4 VALlO CARO ASCII, PLUS 12-1-8 fOR ALTMOOE).

Figure 4-2 (Cant.)
XVM CRll XVM/RSX Handler

4-38

IlUFFER

Task Development
PAGE

(

640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
6&6
667
66B
669
&70
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
b80
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
&91

CO, ••• 021

00171 R 750030 A
00172 R 040407 R
00173 R 140554 R
00174 R 200614 R
00175 R 100616 R
00176 R 600057 R

00177 R 200571 R
00200 R 040~64 R
00201 R 140407 R
00202 II 140554 R
00203 R 200605 R
00204 R 742010 A
00205 R 745120 A
00206 R &0063& R
00207 R 200572 R
00210 R 060&73 R
00211 R 200~73 R
00212 R 060674 R
00213 R 220&75 R
00214 R 540&76 R
00215 R 600171 R
00216 R 500&77 R
00217 R 340700 R
00220 R 540701 R
00221 R 600420 R
00222 R 200675 R
00223 R 744010 A
00224 R 040405 R
00225 R 77 7&60 A
00226 R 040560 R
00227 R 200JJI R
00230 R 040327 R
00231 R 200566 R
00232 R 744020 A
00233 R 040566 R
00234 R 200405 R
00235 R 440405 R
00236 R 744020 A
00237 R 040406 R
00240 R 220406 R
00241 R 741410 A
00242 R 74J030 A
00243 R 740020 A
00244 R 500702 R

co •••• CRI5/UCI5 CARD READEH EDIT 1020
RETRr

CLA !lAC
DAC
POST
DZM
COON
LAC
TCBP
JMS
CDIU
JMP
wFTGR

ISET VARIABLE SArBING .E'RE 'Alrl~G FUR
IINTERRUPT
lAND SAr wt: HAVEN'T GUTTEN IT lET
IADOR OF TABLE TELLING POP-II TO REAO CARD
IROUTINE TO SEND REQUEST TO PDP-II
IWAIT FOR CUMPLt:TIUN INTEHRUPT

I
I COME BACK HERE wHEN CARD IS READ
I
GUTCRD LAC
RRN
IRESTOR!: RN NUDt:
DAC
RN
DZM
PUST
ICLEAR INrt:RRUPT FLAGS
DZM
COON
18EST TO CLEAR POST FIRST!
LAC
EVil
IEVENT VARIABLE FROM PDP-II
RTL
IPOP-II SIGN BIT TO OUR SIGN air
SPA!CLL!RAR
ISKIP IF OK, START CLEARING rilGH BITS
JMP
COUCEC IGO CHECK WHICH KINO OF PIREX ERRUR
LAC
TX12
ISt:TUP X12,X13 FOR USER SUfFER
(X12
DAC·
IMANIPULATIUNS, XI2 Ht:AOER POINTER
LAC
"fX13
IXI3 DATA PUINTt:R
DAC.
(XIJ
(IBUF+2 IGET FIRST CHARAC1ER PAIR (2 .JRD HDR)
LAC·
SAD
(104611 ISPUOLER USES AN ALT-ALr CARD AS AN END
I
IUF Ut:CK CAHD, wE SHOULD IGNORE IT!I
JMP
RETRY
liT wAS ONt:, JUST READ TriE NExr CARD
AND
(140
112,11,0 PUNCH~S IN rl~sr COL~.=EOF
TAD
(445
IIF IT IS UNE, MAK~ A 1005
SAD
( 1005
IWELL, IF SO GU LACE 1005 AS HEADER
JMP
REQCMA I~OF CARD, JUST SET HEADER,
I
LAC
(lBUF+2 IOATA STARTS AT BUFf+2
CLLIRAL
ITOP 17 BITS ADDH~SS, LAST IS RIGHT-LUI FLOP
DAC
COIPTR ITU G~T INCOMING CHAR'S
LAW
180 CHAR'S
-120
DAC
COCULC INOTt: ~E USE COUNTt:RS OIFERENI ALSU
PKINI
LAC
PAKI
IINIT 5/7 PACKEH TO EXPECT
DAC
PAKSW
liST CriAR UF A BUNCH UF rIVE
LAC
COwDCT IWE USE AS COUNT Of PAIHS, NOT WURDS
CLLIRAR
ISU DIVIDE SI rou
OAC
COW aCT
CDRML2 LAC
COIPTR IWATCH ITI TOP 17 BITS ADDR, LO~ BIT LEFT
ISZ
COIPTR IRIGHT FLIP-fLOP. ANDI! POINTER POINrs TO
IN En CHAR, NOT LAST ONE RETREIVEO.
CLL!RAR
IFLIP-FLUP TO LINK, AODH AC
DAC
CDTI
IHULD POINTER IN TEMPOHARr
LAC·
CDTI
IGET CHARACTER PAIR
SZL!RAL
ITHESE THREE Gt:T CORRECT CHAR
SWHA!SKP
ITO Luo OROt:R H ~ITS OF WORD
RAR
AND
(J77
ISTRIP OTHER CHARACT~R
I
IAT THIS PUINT HAVE CLO~NS 12,11,0,9,8,1-7
I
IwHER~ 1-7 CODED IN THREE BITS

Figure 4-2 (Cont. )
XVr.1: CRll XVM/RSX Handler

4-39

Task Development
PAGE
092
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727 728
729
730
731
732

733
734
735
736

737
738
739
740
741
742
743

CO .... 021
00245
00240
00247
00250
00251
00252
00253
00254
00255
00256

R 040406
R 540404
R 600200
R 500703
R 740200
R 777771
R 340406
R 040406
R 500064
R 340406

co •••• CR1S/UC15 CARD
R
R
R
R
A
A
R

DAC
SAD
JMP
AND
SZA
LAW
TAD
OAC
AND
TAD

R
R
R

00257 R 745000 A
I

00260
00261
00262
00263
00264
00265
00266
00267
00270
00271
00272

R 200704 R
R 742020
R 340705
R 040406
R 220406
R 740400
R 742030
R 100323
R 440500
R 000234
R 600410

CDGALT

R
R

R
A
A

R
R
R
R

R~AoER

CoTI
CDALT
CUGALT
(20
-7
COT 1
COT!
<17
COTI

~oIr

.020

IHOLO
IALT MOD~ SPECIAL CAS~, NU R~~AP
IREJUIN AS SP~CIAL CASE
Ilf NIN~ PUNCH, PECIAL CASE, R~~AP TU
ICOM~O fUR UUR TRANSLAfE. SKIP If ~Of
IADOEO fa '9' GIVES '8' AND '1'

ij, I

IREMAPP~O,

ISAVE, NO. TO ~OV~ sur raM fUUR BITS LEfT UN~
IPUSIflON (9 POSITIU~ NO~ VACAfED!)
IIHIS ODES If. LEAVING LU~ URDER ~IT ZERO
INU~ COLUMNS 12,11,0,6,1-7,ZERJ 81T!
SKP!CLL
IHIOE ~OUR HEAD. CLL fOR CUMING R1R.S~IP
IUVER ALf-MUDE RE-E~TRr
LAC
(240
IINDEX TO ALT MOOE
RTR
IRIGHT-L~rT TU LINK, IMDEI TD A:
rAD
(COTAHL !TABLE ADDR
CDTI
DAC
LAC.
CDTI
IUET PAIR fROM TRANSLAr~ TABLE
SNL
IHERE 0 IS LEfT, IN NOHMAL SENSE
SWHA
PAKS7
JMS
15/71 PACKER (IT srRIPS ITRA dITS)
ISZ
COCOLC 1601
JMP
CDRML2 INO
JMP
CDCLOS tr~s

TRANSLATE TABLE 4 UROUPS or 16 CHAH'S, r~o PER .aRO. 8 ~ORD
SPACE BETWEEN LAST r.u GHOUPS, IN .HICH wE ~ur or~ER STUyr
CONOITlONALIZED fOH 0~0-029 or CUURSE. LEfT ~AND :~AR IS rIRST.
00273
00274
00275
00276
00277
00300
00301
00302
00303
00304
00305
00306
00307
00310
00311
00312
00313
00314
00315
00316
00317
00320

R 040061 A

R 062063 A
R 064065
R 006067
R 070071
R 072043
R 100047
R 075042
R 060057
R 123124
R 125126
R 127130
R 131132
R 135054
R 045137
R 076077
R 055112
R 113114
R 115110
R 117120
R 121122
R 041044

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

CDTABL

PUNCH

"I~~

.lrUND OEC020
IBLANK, I-PUNCH
040061
062063 12-PUNCH,3-PUNCH
064065 14,5
066067 16,7
18,9(URUERED AS 8-1)
070071
072043 18-2,6-3
100047 18-4,ti-5
075042 18-0,6-7
060057 10,0-1
123124 10-2,0-3
125126 10-4,0-5
127130 10-6,0-7
131132 IO-B,0-9(URDERED AS 0-8-1)
135054 10-B-2,O-ti-3
045137 10-8-4,O-ti-5
076077 10-6-6,0-B-7
111,11-1
055112
113114 111-2,11-3
115116 111-4,11-5
117120 111-6,11-7
121122 111-ti,II-9(ORDEREO AS 11-8-1)
041044 111-6-2,1l-8-J

Figure 4-2 (Cant.)
XVH CRll XVM/RSX Handler

4-40

Task Development
PAGE
744
745
746
141
748

co •••• 021

co •••• CH15/UC15 CARD REAUEH EDIT ,020

00321 R 052051 A

052051
013134

00322 R 013134 A
CDTABL

062063
064065
066061
010011
131075

149
150

151
152
153
154
155
156
151
158
159

100136
041134
060057

123124
125126
121130

131132
013054

160

161
162
163
164
165
166
161
168
169
110
111
112
113
174
115
116
111
118
119

050042

043045
055112
113114
11511b

111120
121122
012044
052133
01b046
.E~OC

NOw THE

190

191
192
193
194
195

LOC. BHEAK IN THE

TABL~

I
I
I

180

181
182
183
184
185
186
181
188
189

111-8-4.11-8-5
111-8-b.II-8-1

.ENDC
.lfDEf DEC02b
040061

I
I

00323 R 000000 A

THE 511 PACKER. A LITTLE IHICKt PAKS. KEEPS A P~ oHI:H
'HEMEMBEHS' ~HICH CHARaCTER Qf 5 oE ARE AT. TO I_If PACKER.
SEE TWO LINES Of CUUE AT PAKINT. NORMAL 'fLUSH' our .OULD
BE TO SEND NUL CHAR'S UNTIL PAKS •• PAKI. l~ rHIS
HANDLER. PAST HISTURt SAYS oE TRUNCATE ALoAtS AT A .JHD
PAIR BOUNDARY. EVEN fOR SHORT BUffERS. I AM AfRAID rJ
CHANGE THIS. E'EN THUUGH I DO.'T LIKE IT.

PAK51

I
I

00324 R 500706 R
00325 R 144000 A
00321> R 620321 R
00321 R 740040 A
00330 R 620323 R
00331 II 000345 R
00332 R 000000 A

PAKSw
PAKI
PAKT

AND
CLL
JMP'
HLT
JMPO
PAKST
0

(117

PAKSw
PAK51

ICALL oIrH CHAR IN AC. (DESTRJYEUJ
IPUSHES CHAR'S THRU XU. EAkLY i::ND CHE~K
lIN COoOC r.
ISTIP AfRA
IfUR ALL ROTATES AND SoAPS!
ITU wHATEVER A~flO;, THiS CHAR. ~EEOS.
IPUINnii fa ACTINS fuR CHARA:rER
ITHAT'S ALL. uur
IINI'r PAKS. ~'UR fiRST CHAR.
ITt.MPORARY fOR PARTIAL wORDS

REST Of TRANSLATE TAbLE

Figure 4-2 (Cant.)
XVM CRII XVM/RSX Handler

4-41

Task Development
PAGE
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
908
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833

834
835
836
837
838
839

840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847

Co •••• CR15/UC15 CAHD READER EDIT .020

CO .... 021

.IFUNO DEC026
046101 112,12-1
102103 112-2,12-3
104105 112-4,! 2-5
106107 112-6,12-7
110111 112-8,12-9(ORDERED AS 12-8-1)
133056 112-8-2,12-8-3
074050 112-8-4,12-8-5
053136 112-8-6,12-8-7
.ENDC
.IFDEF DEC026
053101
102103
104105
106107
110111
077056
051135
074041
.ENDC
175000
IALI MODE, fUR BOTH PUNCH SETS.

00333 R 046101 A
00334 R 102103 A
00335 H 104105 A
00336 R 106107 A
00337 R 110111 A
00340 R 133056 A
00341 R 074050 A
00342 R 053136 A

00343 H 175000 A
I

NO. REST OF 5/7 PACKEH

00344 R 100327 R

PAKQ

JMS

PAKSW

RTL
SWHA
DAC
JMS

15TH CHAR WRAP SACK TO 1ST. JMS TO PAKS~
ILEAVES AQDR OF ACtiUN FOR IST.l.
liST CHARACTER ACTION, MOVE TO LEFT or ~ORD

PAKT
PAKSW

IHOLD AS PARTIALLr ASSEMBLED
ILEAVE POINTEH TO 2ND CHAR

00345 R 742010
00346 R 742030
00347 R 040332
00350 R 100327

A
A
R
R

PAKST

00351 R 742010
00352 R 742010
00353 R 240332
00354 R 040332
00355 R 100327

A
A
R
R
R

RTL
RTL
XOR
DAC
JMS

PAKT
PAKT
PAKSW

00356 R 742020 A
00357 R 740020 A
00360 R 040327 R
00361 R 500664 R
00362 R 240332 R
00363 R 060013 A
00364 R 200321 R
00365 R 740020 A
00366 R 500707 R
00367 R 040332 R
00370 R 100327 R

RTR
RAR
DAC
AND
XOR
DAC.
LAC
RAR
AND
DAC
JMS

13RD, TWO PARTS, FIRST 15 TOP 4 BITS
IRIGHT JUSTIFIED 1ST WURD OF PAIR
IVERr-TEMPORARY IN HERE
IZAP OTHER BITS
ICOMPLETE 1ST .ORO OF PAIR
IPLACE IN USER BUFFER
IGET BACK THIRD CHAR (LINK STILL OKlll)
12ND JOB, LOW THREE 81TS UF :HAR TOP OF
(700000 12ND wuRD OF PAIR
PAKT
INHEril, HOLD THAT IN PARTIAL ~JRD
PAKSW
I~EAVg POINTER FOK FOURTH

SWHA
RAil

14TH, SNUG UP TO 3 ~ITS ON lOP

~ORO

12NO CHAR ACTION

IMAHGE ~ITH FIRST
IWAIT FOR PART or 3RD ro FILL WORD
ILEAVE POINTER TO THIRD

PAKSW
(17
PAKT
XI3
PAKSW

00371 R 742030 A
00372 R 740020 A

Figure 4-2 (Cont.)
XVM CRII XVM/RSX Handler

4-42

Task Development
PAGE
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
85&
857
858
859
860

co •••• 021

co •••• CRI5/UCI5 CARD R~ADER EDIT .020

00373 R 240332 R
00374 R 040J32 R
00375 R 100327 R

XOR
OAC
JMS

00376
00377
00400
00401
00402
00403

ISZ
CDWDCT
SKPIRAL
JMP
CDV~R2
XOR
PAKT
DAC·
Xll
JMP
PAKQ

R 440566 R
R 741010 A
R 600452 R
R 240332 R
R 060013 A
R &00344 R
COALT
CDIPTR
I

8&2
863

00406 R 000000 A
00407 R 000000 A

865
86&
867
868

869
870
871

872
873
874
875
876
877
878

879
880
881
882
883
884

I
I
I

00410 R 200710 R
00411 R 060013 A
00412 R 2005&0 R
00413 R 723022 A
00414 R 744000 A
00415 R &40711 A
0041& R 340565 R
00417 R 723002 A
00420 R 060012 A
00421 R 777777 A
00422 R 040571 R
00423 R 750030 A
00424 R 100426 R
00425 R 600060 R

895
896
897
898

899

IOVERFLOw SHORT BUFFER?
INU, RAL LEAVE XTRA BIT UF PAIR ON RIGHT
IUH-UH, GO CORRECT
ICOMPLEtE 2ND WORD OF PAIR
IPLACE
IGU PLACE PAKSw FOR FIRST CHAR OF FIVE

211

IPOINTER TU INPUT DArA IN INPur 8u~rER
IFRMAT. LOw BIT RIGHT-LEFT FLIPFLOP
ITUP 17 BITS ADDRESS
ITEMPORARV FOR TRANSLAtIUN
10 WHEN NOT WAITING FU~ INTERRUPT, I WHEN rES.

.ENDC
THE ijUFF~R HAS SEEN REMAPPED -- STORE A 'CR' IN THE TRAILER
WORD AND SET UP THE HEADER "ORO

CDCLUS

REQCMA
REOCOM
REQCMP
SEV

LAC
(&4000
DAC·
X13
LAC
CDCOLC
AAC
22
CLL
ALS
11
TAD
CDRVAL
AAC
2
DAC·
XI2
LAW
-1
RRN
OAC
CLAIIAC
JMS
SEVRN
PQ
JMP

ISET 'CR' IN USER SUFFER
ICOCDLC IS NEGATIVE
IROTATE INTU PLACE
ISHIPI INTO PUSITION
IAOO IN BUFFER UVERFLO. IF ANY (BITS 12 , 13 -I)
ISET HEADER wO~O ONE
ISET RRN, SAVING NO MORE READ OUTSTANDlNG
ISUB. TU SET EV, RETURN NUDE
IGO LOOK FOR MORE WURK

SEVRN

888

894

ILEAVe: POINTER FOR 5TH

o
o

CDT1
POST

885
886
887
889
a90
891
892
893

l'tUGETHER

00404 R 000211 A
00405 R 000000 A

8&1
8&4

PAKT
PAKT
PAKSW

ROUTINE IS CALLED WITH VALE FOR EV IN AC
THE NODE ADOR. IS IN RN

EV IS SET, SIGNIfICANT EVENE DECLARED, lOCO UOOE, NODE RETURNED.

00426 R 000000 A
00427 R 722000 A
00430 R 2005&4 R
00431 R 060&51 R
00432 R 3405&3 R
00433 R 721000 A
00434 R 21000& A

SEVRN

PAL
LAC
DAC·
TAD
PAX
LAC

RN
(R2
XADJ
&,X

ISAVE AC VALUE
INODE AUDR
ARGUMENr riULDER
IADJUST FOR PREESENT PAGE
IFOR XR ADDRESSING
IEVENT VARIABLE ADDRESS

IS~STE~

Figure 4-2 (Cont.)
XVM CRII XVM!RSX Handler

4-43

Task Development
PAGE
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
91l
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932

co •••• 021
00435 R 741200 A
00436 R 600443 R
00437 R 340563 R
00440 R 721000 A
00441 R 730000 A
00442 R 050000 A
00443 R 200711 R
00444 R 705504 A
00445 R 200704 R
00446 R 060647 R
00447 R 120712 R
00450 R 120713 R
00451 R 620426 R

co .... CRI5/UCI5 CARD READER EDII .020

NOSET

I
I

949

950
951

ISKIP IF REALL¥ ONE
INOPE, so DON'T SEj'
IMODIFY If fOR ADDRtSSI~G

ISRING BACK SETTING VALUE
O,X
ITHERE 11' GOES I
(401000 IDECLARE A SIGNIFICANT EVE~T
(POOL
(RI
( lOCO
(NADU
SEVRN

IGIVE NODE TO POOL
ISYSTEM ARGUMENT REG
IDECRE~ENT

10 COUNT

IGIVE SAC~ NODE
l'rHA'fIS IT

*.... BUffER OVERFLOw

00452 R 777776 A
00453 R 360674 R
00454 R 060674 R
00455 R 200714 R
00456 R 040565 R
00457 R 600410 R

CDVER2

00460 R 777771 A
00461 R 600424 R
00462 R 777750 A
00463 R 600424 R

EVM7

LAW
TAO*
DAC*
LAC
DAC
JMF

-2
(XIJ)
(XI))
(60)
CDRVAL
CDCLOS

IBACKUP USER BUFFER prR

LAW
JMP
LAW
JMP

-7
SEV

IILLEGAL DATA MODE.

-jO

11/0 PARAM. OUT Of PARrITION.

ISET UVERFLUw BITS FOR USE S¥ CLlCLUS

EVM30

SEV

.IFUNO

UCI5

LAW
JMP

-6
SAEV

AEVM6

IILLEGAL fUNCTI~N.
ISET ABORT EV.

ION ILLEGAL CARD PUNCH, wAIT FUR READER NOT READ¥ fOLLO.ED S¥
IREADER READ¥ SE~UENCE BEFORE READING ANOTHER CARD.
I

ILLCP

939

940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948

;;uSET
XADJ

933

934
935
936
937
938

SNA
JMP
TAD
PAX
PLA
DAC
LAC
ISA
LAC
DAC*
JMS*
JMS*
JMP*

LAC
JMS
JMS

(ERRMG2)
~F.SW
~FOFF

JMS
JMP

ITYPE 'ILLEGAL CARD PUN:H'.

TTWUT

wF.SW
wFON
RETRY

INAIr FOR READER NOT READY.
IPSUEOD INSTR. FOR of.S ••
IWAIT FOR READER REAO¥.
IPSUEDO INSTR. FOR WF.S ••
IREAD ANOTri~H CARD.

I
I
I

SUBR. TO wALT FOR HEAOgR NOT READY OR ~EADY FOR READ
PER PSUEOO INSTR. IN CALLING SEGUEMCE. AFT~R MAR~ lIME REQS.,
THE TRIG. EV. 15 CHECKED FOR AN ABORT REQ. IN rHE QUEUE.
IF TASK REG. HEAD IS TO BE ABORTED, THE SU~R. DOESN'T
RETURN NORMALLY, BUT EVENTUALLY JUMPS TO CDABRT.
CALLING SEQUENCE:

Figure 4-2 (Cont.)
XVM CRll XVM/RSX Handler

4-44

Task Development
PAGE

CO •••• 021

952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970

CO •••• CRISIUCIS CARD READER EDIT .020
I
I

JMS

PSUED. INSTR. (~fOrf UR ~FON)
SUBR. RETURN .If NU INTERVENING ABORT FOH THIS TASK.

I
I

Wf.SfI

flF.SWA
PVI

LAC'
DAC
ISZ
CRRS
AND
XX
JMP'
CAL
CAL

<IF.SW
PVI
"F.5W

DZM

EV
TG

971

LAC
RTL
SMA
JMP

972

DZM

973
974

LAC
OAC'
JMS'
NOP
DAC
TAD
PAX
LAC
DAC
LAC
AND
SZA
JMP
LAC
SAO
JMP
LAC
DACo
LAC
OAC'
JMS'

975
976
977
978
979

980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990

991
992
993

994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003

PAGE
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017

LAC
PAL
LAC
TAD
PAX
PLA
DAC
LAC

SAEV

CO •••• 021

~f.SW

IGET PSU~DU INSTR.
IBUMP EXIT.
IREAD CARD READER STATUS.
ICHECK fOR READER READr fUR READ.
ISNA UR SZA. (READER READr IF NON-ZERO AC).
IExrr •
IMARK TIME fOR ~AIX.
IWAIr FUR MARK TIME INTERVAL.

(20)
flf.SW
MTCPB
~fECB

ICHECK FOR ABORT REY. IN

"f.SWA
XG
PDVNA
(RI)
(OQRY)

IDEQUEUE ABRT. REQ. RI.R2.R4.R5.R6.XR.AC
IALTERED. ASSUME ABRr. REQ. IN QUEUE.
ISAVE ABURT RE~. NODE ADOR.
ISET XR.

RN
XAOJ

IGET ABRT. REQ. EV.

6.X
ARE
S.X
(177000 )
AEVM&
2.X
STLA
COARU
PDVNA
(RI)
RN
(R2)
(UMTU)

QUEU~.

IABORT REQ.?
ICHECK AGAIN.
IrES. DEQUEUE ABORT REQ.
IPDVL _UDE ADDR.

ICHECK FUR ZERO LUN.
IBITS o-e
NON-ZERO LUN.
IGET STL. NOUE PTR. AND CHECK AGAINST
IREAD HEU. STL NODE PTR. SAMEl
IrES. ABURT READ RE~. AND CLEAN UP.
~LEAN UP QUEUE UF TASK TO BE ABRfEO.
IALSO RETR. ABRT. REQ. NODE TO POOL AND
10ECR. TRANSf. PEND. :Nr. ABRf. RE~. NODE
IADDR. TO R2.
IEMPTr R~O. YUEUE Of ALL 110
IREY.'S MADE Br TASK BEING ABORrED.
IRI.R2.H3.RS.R&.XIO.XII.XI2.XR.AC ALTERED.
ISET ABRT. REQ. IV TJ +1.
I~RROR.

IND.

(I)

ARE
XADJ

IABORT RI::U. EV.

O,X
(401000)

co •••• CRIS/UCIS CARD REAUI::H EDIT .020

CDARD

ISA
LAC
DACO
LAC
DAC'
JMS'
JMSO
JMP
CLA I lAC
DAC
JMP

RN
(R2)
(POUL)
(RI)

10ECLARE SIGNIf. EVENT.
IRETRN. ABRT. REY. NJDE fO PUOL.

(NADD)
flLSWA

IDECR. TRANSf. PEND. CNr.
IRLTRN, NODE TO POOL.
ICHECK AGAIN.
ISET CARD uUN~ fLAG.

COON
CDABRT

IPROCEEO .ITH ABORT.

(lOCO)

.ENDC
.EJECT

Figure 4-2 (Cant.)
XVM CRII XVM/RSX Handler

4-45

Task Development
PAGE

1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069

PAGE
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087

CD ... ; 021

00464 R 200704 R
00465 R 060647 R
00466 R 200564 R
00467 R 060651 R
00470 R 120712 R
00471 H 120713 R

00472 R 100625 R
00473 R 440577 R
00474 R 000577 R
00475 R 440570 R
00476 R 705522 A
00477 R 160570 R
00500 R 705521 A
00501 R 000653 R

00502 R 777000 A
00503 R 510005 A
00504 R 740200 A
00505 R 600116 R
00506 R 200~67 R
00507 R 060647 R
00510 R 200564 R
00511 R 060651 R
00512 R 120715 R

00513 R 200564 R
00514 R 340563 R
00515 R 721000 A
00516 R 210002 A
00517 R 540556 R
00520 R 7~1001 A
00521 R 600423 R
00522 R 240571 R
00523 R 741201 A
00524 R 600423 R
00525 R 060651 R
00526 R 200704 R

Co •••• 021
00527
00530
00531
00532
00533

CD •••• CRI5/UCI5 CARO READER EDI'E .020

I
I EXIT REQUEST (FROM TASK ••• • REA")
I
DAEX
LAC
(POOL)
IRETUR~ REYUESI NODE TO POOL
DAC.
(HI)
LAC
RN
DAC.
(R2)
JMS.
(lOCO)
IDECREMENT TRANS~·. PENDING COUNT
JMS.
CNADD)
.IFUND UCI5
LAC
(CCI)
ICONDITIUN CODe: I -- :LEAR CONTROL.
CRLC
CAL
DCPB
IDISCONNECT
.ENOC
.IFDEF UCI5
JMS
CLEAR
ICL~AR UEVICE , wAlT FOR COMPLEEION
ISZ
CCPB
IMAKE CONN~CT A DISCONNECT (BURP)
CAL
CCPS
IDISCONNECT
.ENOC
PDVTA
ISZ
IPOINT TU ASSIGN INHIBIT FLAG
.INH
IINHIBIT I~TERHUPTS.
PDVTA
DZM*
IIIZERO IT
.ENB
IIIENABLE INIERRUPTS.
CAL
(10)
IIIEXIT
I
I
IABORT REQUEST.
I
CDABRT LAW
17000
IMASK EU KEEP HALf .UR~ EU CHE:K ABaRE VALIOITK
AND
S,X
IHAS TO ~E ZERU EO B~ OK
SZA
ISO SKIP IF OK
.IMP
EVM6
IERRUR REIURN~D IF NOI
POV~A
LAC
IMT THE DEQUE FUR THE ABORTED TASK
DAC.
(RI
LAC
RN
IABORT NODE
(112
DAC'
JMS'
( OMTCl
ITHIS HOUTINE DUES ALL wORK
I
NOW
wAS
THIS
ABORT rUR AN OUTSEA~DING READ?
I
I
LAC
IlN
12+RN IS STL NOO~ ADOH
TAD
XADJ
IUSg AS IDENTIFIER
PAX
LAC
2,X
SAO
STLA
ISAM~ A~DR FOR LAST R~AO DONE
SKP!CLAICMA
ISKIP IF SAME, SET UP -1
JMP
HEQCMI' INOPE, ~~IRE DUNE, GU GIVE BA:K NODE ETC •.
XOR
RRN
INASTK, MAKES 0 IF NU READ NO_I IN PROGRESS
SNAICMA
ISKII' IF READ IN PRUGR~SS, HE:REATE ITS NOD~ ADDRI
JMP
REQCMP INOI'~, JUSI COMPL~T~
(R2
IGIVE BACK NUDE ANO lOCO FOR SUSPEND~D READ
DAC'
LAC
(POOL

co •... CR15/UC15 CARD READER EDI'£ .020

R 060647 R
R 120712 R
R 120713 R
R 750001 A
R 040571 R

(Rl
DAC·
( lOCO
JMS'
JMS.
(NADD
CLAICMA
DAC
RRN
.IFUND UClS
LAC
(CCI
CRLC
.ENDC
.IFDEf UCI5
JMS
CLEAR
.ENDC
REQCMP
JMP

00534 R 100625 R
00535 R 600423 R

ISET READ IWT H.RE So! rCH
ICLEAR DEVICE

lAND CL~AR fOR UN lCHAN.~;;L
IDUNE

I
I
I
I

.gJECT

Figure 4-2 (Cont.)
XVM CRII XVM/RSX Handler

4-46

Task Development
PAGE

1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114

CD •••• 021

00536 R 000000 A
00537 R 707762 A
00540 R 040UOO R

CO •••• CRI5/UCIS CARD READER EDIT 1020
I
I INTERRUPT SERVICE ROUTINE
I
INT
0
DBA
DAC
START
.IFUND UCI5
CRRS
DAC
EVI
AND
(2)
JMP
DAC
LAC
CRLC
CRPC
LAC
CRLC
.ENDC

INTI

00541 R 706124 A
00542 R 200407 R
00543 R 741200 A
00544 R 600551 R
00545 R 040554 R
00546 R 040562 R

IllS

1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173

IREAD STATUS INTO AC.
ISAVE rOR TASK LEVEL PROCESSING.
ICARD DUNE? BIT 16.

S~A

00547 R 200711 R
00550 R 705504 A
00551 R 200000 R
00552 R 703J44 A
00553 R 620536 R

1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121

PAGE

ISAVE AC

CO •••• 021

INTAC

.IFDEF
CAPI
LAC
SNA
JMP
DAC
DAC
.ENDC
LAC
ISA
LAC
DBR
JMP.
.EJECT

INTI
COON
(CCl)

IND. DUN'T CLEAR CARD DONE.
IPLACE 2 INTO COON TO SA~ DONE
nES. CLEAR CARD DONE. LEAVE
IINTERR. AND DCH ENABLED.
ICLEAR ALL BUT CARD DONE.
lEN ABLE INTERRS. DISABLE DCH
INEEDED SINCE CRPC DISAdLES INTERRS.

(CC4)

UCI5
ICLEAR FLAG FROM POP-II
IARE wE .ANTING AN INTERRUPT
ISKIP IF YES/USE VALUE TU SEr
INO DO NOTHING
lAS FLAG TO DISTINGUISH CARD DONE FROM CAL
lAND SET TG TO wAKE UP CAL LEVEL

POST
lrlTAC
COON
rG
(401000)

IDECLARE SIGNIF. EVENT.

START

/HESTORE AC.

INT

CO •••• CRI5/UCI5 CARD READER EDIT 1020
.IFUND UC IS
ISUBR. TO OUTPUT ERRUR MESSAGES VIA ERRLUN.'
IADDRESS OF ERROR MESSAGE BUFFER.
I

TrYOUT

DAC
CAL
CAL
JMP.

TECPB4
U

wFECB
nWUT

AC SHO~LD :ON'fAIN

ISET CPB BUFFER ADDRESS.
ITYPE ERROR MESSAGE.
I.AITFOR EV.

IERROR MESSAGE BUFFERS ANU TABLE or PTHS.:
I

ERRPT

• +1
ERRMGI
ERRMG2
ERRMG3
ERRMG4
ERRMG5

I
I

ERRMGI
ERRMG2
ERRMG3
ERRMG4
ERRMG5=.

ERRMG2-ERRMGI*IOOO/2+2

.ASCII ,**. CD READER Nor READY'<15>
ERRMG3-ERRMG2*IUOO/2+2

.ASCII ' ••• CD ILLEGAL PUNCH'<I~>
ERRMG4-ERRMG3.IOOO/2+2

'.**

.ASCII
CD PICK ERRUR'<IS>
ERRMG5-ERRMG4*IOOO/2+2

.ASCII

'.*.

CD DATA MISSED/PHoro ERROR'<IS>

.EJECT
I .* •• * CARD COL TO ASCII TRANSLATION TA8LE .* •••
I

lEACH rABL~ ENTRY REPRESENTS VALID ASCII CARD PUNCHES wiTH
ITHE FOLLOWING FORMAT:
I

IBlTS 0 - 5
IBITS 6 - 17

SIXBIT ASCII CHARACTER.
CARD PUNCHES WITH THE rOLL0WING MAPPING:

181T 6 = ZONE 12
181T 7 = ZONE 11
IBITS H - 17 = ZONES U - 9.
ITHE ASSEMBLER BUILDS THE TWOS COMPLEMENT or 81rs 6-17 VIA TriE
17777\+1 OPERATIU~. THE TABLE IS ORDERED ACCORDING TO INCHEASING
IMAGNITUDE OF CARD PUNCHES(CONSIDERED AS 12 Blr RIGHr JUStIFIED
IINTEGER VALUES).
IEXAMPLE: ASCII '9' HAS fOLLOWING TABLE REPRESENTATlvNI

Figure 4-2 (Cant.)
XVM CRll XVM/RSX Handler
4-47

Task Development
PAGE

Co .... 021

1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225

PAGE
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249

co •••• CRI5/UC15 CARD READER EDIt .020
710001 \7777+1

IWHERE 0001 INDICATES ZUNE 9 PUNCHED AND 71 IS

SIX~Ir

ASCII '9'.

IGRAPHIC CHARACTERS FOR 026 PUNCHES ARE IN PARE.rHESES
I

COTABL

co .... 021

CDTABL+1
400000
710001\7777+1
700002\7777+1
670004\ 7777+1
CP 340006,420006
660010\7777+1
CP 470012,750012
650020\ 7777+1
CP 360022,470022
640040\7777+1
000042\7777+1
630100\7777+1
CP 750102,430102
620200\ 7777+1
CP 370202,720202
610400\7777+1
601000\7777+1
321001\7777+1
311002\7777+1
301004\ 7777+1
CP 451006,771006
271010\7777+1
CP 431012,761012
261020\ 7777+1
CP 421022,3710<2
251040\7777+1
CP 501042,451042
241100\7777+1
541102\7777+1
231200\7777+1
CP 731202,351202
571400\ 7777+1
552000\7777+1
222001 \ 7777+1
212002\7777+1
202004\ 7777+1
CP 462006,342000
172010\7777+1
CP 762012,732012
162020\77"/1+1
CP 332022,512022
152040\7777+1
522042\ 7777+1
142100\7777+1

IBLANK
19
18
17
I" (\)

16
1=

e')

15
I,

e"J

14
I~

13
/I

e=)

12
II
II
10

IZ
I~

IX
11
I.

(%)

e.)

IRIGHr ARROw
IU
1%

ee)

If
I'

Ilell
/I

I-

Ii!
IQ

IP
1\

(&)

IU
I:

IN
Il

(»

e e)

1M
10

CD .... CR15/UC15 CARD READER WIT .020
442102\7777+1
132200\ 7777+1
CP 722202,412202
122400\7777+1
CP 534000,464000
114001\7777+1
104002\7777+1
074004\ 7777+1
CP 414006,364000
064010\7777+1
CP 744012,534012
054020\ 7777+1
CP 354022,504022
044D40\ 7777>1
CP 514042,74404.
034100\7777+1
564102\7777+1
024200\7777+1
CP 774202,334202
014400\7777+1
COTLNI
CDRALT

IS
IK
I! el)

IJ
1&
11

e+)

IH
IG
I" (!)
IF
1+ e<)
IE
I ( (J)
ID
1<

(ll

IC
I.
I~

(1)

.-I-CO'£A~L/2

4402
.ENDC
.EJECT

Figure 4-2 (Cant.)
XVH CRll XVH!RSX Handler

4-48

(II)

BELU~I

Task Development
PAGE
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292

CO .... 021

co •••• CR15/UCI5 CARD READER EDIT _020
I . . . . . INTERNAL

VARIA~LES

•••••

00554 R 000001 A
00555 R 000000 A
00556 R 000000 A
00557 R 000000 A
00560 R 000000 A
00561 R 000000 A
00562 R 000000 A
00563 R 000000 A
00564 R 000000 A
00565 R 000000 A
06566 R 000000 A

COON
TST
STLA
ARE
COCOLC
EV
TG
XADJ
RN
CORVAL
COWDCT

ICARD D()~E HAG.
ITEMP STORAGE fOR STATUS.
Isn NuOE. ADDR.
IABORT REQ. EV.
ICARD COL CUUNT USED IN TRANSLATING CARDS
IINTERNAL t:VENT VARIABLE
ITRIGGER EVENT VARIABLE
IXR ADJUSr CONSTANT TU SU~TRACT PAGE BITS
IADDRESS Of rHE REUUEST NODE PICKED fROM AUEUE
IBUfFER OVERfLOW FLAG NORD
IOORD COUNT CHECK WORD SET FROM 1/0 REQUEST

o
o
o

o
o

.IfUND

UC15

I
I

SAVE SOME ROOM fOR

ICA
CDR7CT
COR5CT
COTPTR
CDTLEN
C07700
COCPTR
CDRW03
CORWD2
CORWOl
e:Vl

o
o
o
o

o
770000
o
o
o
o
o

UC1~.

THESE ARE NOT NEEDED

IINTERNAL BUfFER CURRt:Nr ADDRESS POINTER
ISEVt:N COUNTER USED BY THE 5/J ASCII PACKING ROUTINE
ICOUNtER FOR 5/7 ASCII PACKING
I~OINTER TU TRANSLATION TABLE
ITRANSLATION TABLE LE~GTH
IUSED I~ CARD TRANSLATION
IPOINTER TO CURRENT INTEM IN TRANSLATION TABLE
1/

II THREE NORD SHIfT REG. FOR 5/7 ASCII PACKING/I

ICARD READER EV.

.ENDC
I

00567 R 000000 A
00570 R 000000 A
00571 R 777777 A

PDVNA
PDVTA
RRN

00572 R 000000 A
00573 R 000000 A
00574 R 000000 A

TXI2
TXl3
'fCWC

o
o
o

777777

IPHYSICAL DEVICE NODE AODHESS
IADDRESS Of ADDRESS Of rEV IN PHY D~V NODE
IREAD B~ING PRUC. fLAG. -1 IF Nor BEING
IPHOCESSED. READ R~Q. NOD~ ADDRESS IF B~ING
IPROCESSED.
1'f~MP. FOR X12 STOR.
1'f~MP. fUR X13 STOR.
IfEMP. fOR REQ. WC.

.EJECT

Figure 4-2 (Cant.)
XVM CRII XVM/RSX Handler

4-49

Task Development
PAGE
1293
1294
1295
1291>
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335

CO .... 021

CO •••• CR15/UCI5 CARD R~AD~M EDIT .020
I

I
I

n*** CAL PARAMET~R BLOCKS *****

00575 R 000020 A
00571> R 000562 R

WrTCPB

20
TG

IOAIT fOR TRIGGER cva

11
EV
IS
INT

ICONNECT CP8

00517 R 000011 A
00600 R 00051>1 R
00601 R 000015 A
00602 R 000536 R

CCPB

ILINENUMB~M

IENTR! ADDRESS or INTERRUPT SER'ICE ROUTINE

.IrUND
I
I
I
I
I

UC15

UC15 SAVE SPACE 81 LEAVING OUT SOME CAL'S

WFECB

20
EV

IWAIT fOR EV CPij

IDISCONNt:CT CP8
lEV ADDRESS
IINTERRUPT LINE NUMBER
ICURRENT INTERRUPT TRANSFER ADDRESS

DCPB

IS
INT

2700
EV
ERRLUN

IwRITE TU ERRLUN.
IwRITE our THE ERROR MESSAG TO THE DESIRED
ITELETrPE

TECPB4

MTCPB

13
EV
12

IMARK TIME REQ.
112 UNITS.

IUNIT (TICK).

1
I

wrCRCB

20
EVI

IwAIRrOR CM INTERRS.

20
COON

IwAIT rOR CARD DONE rLAG TO 8E SET.

wrCRCD

lHI>

1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344

.ENDC
I
I

.IrDEr

UC15

lID INFORMATION. ROUTINES. ETC. rOR UC15

I
I

TCB (TASK CONtROL ijLUCK) TELLING PDP-II TO SEND US A CARD

Figure 4-2 (Cont.)
XVM CRII XVM/RSX Handler

4-50

Task Development
PAGE:
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1310
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396

CO .... 021

Co •••• CR15/UCI5 CARD

READ~R

EDIT .020

00603 R 026401 A
00604 R 000005 A

TCB

APISLT'400+APILVL
DEveUD

00605 R 000000 A
00606 R 000000 A

o
o

EVil

00601 R 000001 R
00610 R 000000 A

IBUF

o
I
I

00611 R 000000 A
00612 R 002600 A
00613 R 000000 A

00614 R 000603 R
00615 R 000611 R

TCB TO TELL PDPII TU CLEAR OUT CARD READER DEVICE

TCBK
E:VIIK
I
I
I

ITELL PDP-II WHERE TO :OME: BACK
IPIREX CODE: fOR CD/THE 200 BIT SAYS
10E ARE NOT TO BE SPOOLED.
IEVENT VARIA~LE FROM PDPll TO US
10UMMY, HIGH PORTION OF 18 BIT
IADRESS. NOT PRESENTLY USED
IPOINTER TO BUFFER TO PUT CARD IN
IUNIT ./ FOR FUTURE GENERATIONS,

o
ITHIS wORKS, SEE PIREX FOR INFO.
OEVCOD&111'400+200
o
IEVENT VARIABLE fOR CLEAR OPERTAION

POINTERS TO

TCBP
TCBKP

TC~,

TUBK

TCB
TCBK

I
I

COIU IS THE SUBROUTINE TO SEND A rCB TO TH~ PDP-II

I
I

CAL .ITH THE AORESS OF THE rCB IN THE AC

00616
00617
00620
00621
00622
00623
00624

R 000000 A
R 140605 R
R 140613 R
R 106001 A
R 600621 R
R 706006 A
R 620616 R

CDru

OZM
OZM
SIOA
JMP
LIUR
JMP'

ICLEAR ONE CUMING FRUM POP-II
lAND THE OTHER ONE, IN CASE If USED
ISKIP If PDP-II CAN TAKE REQUEST

EVil
EH1K
.-1

ITELL If TO OU TCB wHOSE ADDRESS IN AC
ITHAT'S ALL THERE IS TO IT.

CDIU

I
I

00625 R 000000 A
00626 R 140407 R
00621 R 140554 R
00630 R 200615 R
00631 R 100616 R
00632 R 000634 R
00633 R 620625 R

CLEAR

CLE:AR

CLEARS SWITCHES, AND CD Ih PIREX, wAITS FOR :OMPLETE

DZM
DZM
LAC
JMS
CAL
JMF'

POST
CUUN
TCBKP
COIU
WFCLER
CLEAR

ITCB FOR CLEAR
I.AIT FUR CLEARUU!

00634 R 000020 A
00635 R 000613 R

WFCLER
I

20
EVI1K
CDUC~C EXAMINES NEGATIVE

EV~NT

VARIABLES fROM PIREX

00636 R 744020 A
00637 R 340716 R
00640 R 540117 R

CDUCEC

CLLIRAR
ICLEAR OTHER TUP 81T
TAD
(600000 ISIGN EXTEND TU PUP-IS .ORD
SAD
(177001 ITHIS uNLY 'LEGAL' VALU~ At PRESENT

Figure 4-2 (Cont.)
XVM CRll XVM/RSX Handler

4-51

Task Development
PAGE

1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408

PAGE

co •••• 021

CD •••• CR15/UC15 CARD

00641 R 600171 R

READ~R

RETR~

JMS

SEVRN

LAW
DAC
JMP

-1

ITHAT SAYS PIR~X IS uur OF NJDES.
loE SHOULD TR~ A~AIN TO GET ONE
10THE:RS. RETURN N~G VARIABLE AS ~V.
ITHIS IS SLIGHTLY FLA~EI. ~ur "0
IREALLI SHOULD NEVER GET HERE!I!?
ISAr NU MORE READ UUTSTANDING

RRN
PII

I~ACK

00642 R 100420 R
I
I

00643 R 777777 A
00644 R 040571 R
00045 R 000060 R

000000 R
00646 R 000252 A *L
00647 R 000101 A *L
00650 R 000054 R *L
00651 R 000102 A *L
00652 R 000123 A *L
00653 R 000010 A *L
00654 R 000562 R *L
00655 R 070000 A *L
00656 R 000337 A *L
00657 R 000777 A *L
00660 R 000024 A *L
00661 R 000025 A *L
00662 R 000026 A *L
00663 R 000036 A *L
00664 R 000017 A *L
00665 R 000325 A *L
00666 R 000332 A *L
00667 R 200007 A *L
00670 R 000103 A *L
00671 R 000104 A *L
00672 R 000342 A *L
00673 R 000012 A *L
00674 R 000013 A *L
00675 R 000003 R *L
00676 R 104611 A *L
00677 R 000340 A *L
00700 R 000445 A *L
00701 R 001005 A *L
00702 R 000377 A *L
00703 R 000020 A *L
00704 R 000240 A *L
00705 R 000273 R *L
00706 R 000177 A *L
00707 R 700000 A *L
00710 R 064000 A *L
00711 R 401000 A *L
00712 R 000H5 A *L
00713 R 000107 A *L
00714 R 000060 A *L
00715 R 000361 A *L

Co .... 021

EDIT .020

JMP

TO LOOK FOR MUR~ .ORK

.ENDC
.END START

Co .... CR1S/UC15 CARD READER EDIT '020

00716 R 600000 A *L
00717 R 777001 A *L
SIZE=00720
NO ERROR LINES

Figure 4-2 (Cant.)
XW1 CRll XVH/RSX Handler

4-52

Task Development

4.6.3.3

Requests - Following handler initialization, requests can be

processed.

Note that the request dequeuing algorithm (see Figure 4-2

lines 352-407) is executed whenever Q-I/O places a request node in the
list associated with the handler's PDVL node or whenever an interrupt
for the device has occurred on the XVM.

The latter condition implies

that the handler's interrupt service routine (Figure 4-2, lines
1091-1120) will set the trigger event variable on each interrupt.
4.6.3.4

ABORT Requests - Because of the nature of the UNICHANNEL

configuration, ABORT requests should be handled on a high priority
basis.

Hence, whenever the trigger event variable is set, the handler

should first check to see if an ABORT request has been issued.
4-2, lines 353-357).

(Figure

This condition can be tested using the following

algorithm:
LAC

/GET THE TRIGGER EVENT VARIABLE INTO THE AC

RTL

/MOVE THE ABORT BIT INTO BIT ZERO OF THE AC

SPA

/SKIP IF ABORT BIT IS NOT SET

JMP

PICK

/ABORT REQUEST-DEQUEUE AND PROCESS IT
/NOT AN ABORT REQUEST-CHECK OTHER
/REASONS FOR HAVING TRIGGER EVENT VARIABLE SET.

4.6.3.5

Interrupts - If the trigger event variable was not set due to

an ABORT request, either PIREX has issued an interrupt or a new
request for I/O is pending.

Before checking for new requests, the

handler should see if an interrupt occurred (see Figure 4-2, lines
359-362).

If it did, the handler should check to see if an interrupt

was requested.

Unrequested interrupts should be ignored but the

handler should finish processing the outstanding I/O request if the
interrupt indicates that I/O is now complete.
If the trigger event variable was not set due to an interrupt and no
I/O is being processed by PIREX, the handler can pick off the new I/O
request and begin processing it (see Figure 4-2, lines 368-407).
On ABORT requests, the handler should determine if I/O is in progress
on the PDP-II for the task being aborted (see Figure 4-2, lines
1058-1067).

If so, the handler should issue a "clear device directive"

to PIREX to stop the I/O in progress (see Figure 4-2, lines 1073-1080).

4-53

Task Development

The "clear device directive" must also be issued whenever a DISCONNECT
and EXIT request from the MCR function REASSIGN is processed (see
Figure 4-2, line 1033).
4.6.3.6

READ and WRITE Requests - READ and WRITE request processing

usually involves the following procedures:
1.

Checking the range of the issuing task's TCB and buffer.

Making data conform to PDP-11 standards for WRITE requests
and XVM standards for READ requests.

Sending a TCB directive to PIREX.

Waiting for PIREX to complete the operation initiated by
sending the TCB directive.

Checking the event variable sent back to the handler by
PIREX.

Setting data into the issuing task's request buffer for READ.

Sending an event variable to the task which initiated the
request for I/O.

The following is a brief outline of the procedure used by the UNICHANNEL Card Reader handler when it processes a read request.

(Refer

to Figure 4-2).
1.

Dequeue the I/O request node (lines 352-407)

Check the range of the task TCB and buffer (lines 440-465).

Clear the TCB event variable (line 1372).

Clear the "I/O Done" flage (line 642).

Set the "Interrupt Expected" flage (lines 640-641).

Issue the READ TCB to the Card Reader Driver in PIREX
(lines 1374-1376).

Wait for the Trigger Event Variable (line 352).

When the Card Reader Driver has completed the request, the
Card Reader handler interrupt service routine sets the
Trigger Event Variable and the "I/O Done" flage (lines
113-114) •

The handler then checks the Event Variable sent back by
PIREX (lines 653-656).

10.

Convert the data to XVM card format and transfer it to the
task's buffer (lines 670-879).

4-54

Task Development
11.

Set the task's Event Variable (lines 880-881).

12.

Wait for the next request (line 352).

Note that in order for a UNICHANNEL handler to function properly, the
PDP-11 must be able to access the handler's internal buffers and TCBs.
Hence, all locations within these TCBs and buffers must be within the
common memory accessible to the PDP_1I. 1 Also, note that the xVM/RSX
paLLER task should be modified to interrogate PIREX concerning the
status of the new device.
4.7

BUILDING A XVM/PIREX DEVICE DRIVER

A device driver is a software routine that performs rudimentary I/O
functions.

PIREX device drivers typically operate in conjunction with

more complex XVM handlers.

While a rudimentary device driver is typical,

a PIREX task can be as complex as a full handler.
is a good example of a very complex driver.

The PIREX XY driver

The PIREX line printer

driver, a typical rudimentary driver, will be used to examine the
construction of a device driver.
4.7.1

General Layout

The general layout of a driver task (see Figure 4-3 and Section 4.5)
consists of:
1.

Entries on PIREX internal lists.

A stack area which will be used when the task is executing.

The address of a device control register. This is used to
stop the device during STOP I/O requests. Dummy addresses
are used for tasks which are not device drivers.

A 2-word busy/idle switch used to store the caller's 18-bit
TCBP. When the busy/idle switch is zero, the routine is
not busy.

The task request setup/processing section.

The task interrupt processing section, if the task is a
device driver.

1Depending on Driver task design the buffers for an NPR device may
not have to be in common memory.

4-55

Task Development
The task request setup/processing section obtains the parameters from
the TCB and uses them to set up the referenced device or process the
request.

Entry into this section is made from the ATL scanner or

DEQU with the current task stack area active at the priority level
associated with that task.

All general purpose registers are avail-

able for use by the current task at this time.

The TCBP is stored in

the busy/idle switch preceding the request section and signifying that
the task is busy.

Once some operation is underway or completed, the

task returns to the ATL scanner by issuing the "SEXIT" macro instruction (refer to Section 4.7.2.4).
If the task is a device driver,
completion of an I/O request.
specify priority 7.

the

interrupt section is called at. the

All device interrupt priority vectors

This is done to allow the interrupt routine to

save the general-purpose registers on the current task stack pointer
and lower the system to the priority level of this task.

(The interrupt

section accomplishes this by calling R.SAVE.)
Control is transferred to the driver, which then checks for errors,
stores status information into the TCB, clears the device busy switch
(the driver becomes idle when the busy switch is cleared) and sends
an optional interrupt (via SEND15, see Figure 3-6) to the system informing it that the request has been processed.

The driver then trans-

fers control to the routine DEQU (see Figure 3-7) to determine if more
requests are in its TRL.

If not, control is transferred to the ATL

scanner, after saving the task stack pointer and setting the task
status to the wait state in the ATL node.
4.7.2

Task Program Code

The task program code is necessary to carry out the task's function.
4.7.2.1

Code Sections - The program code section of a device driver

is composed of three or four of the following subsections

(refer to

Figure 4_3).1

Page number refers to the page number at the top of the PIREX
listing.

4-56

Task Development
MAell XVM VIA000 PAGE 28
F'JRf)(,1"2
LINE F'Rl~TER DRIVE~ FOR LPIII15
,S81TL Ll~E F'RI~TER DRIV!R FOR LP11/15
.EVE~
15

7
8

;
U
II
U
13
U
15
18

177!!U LPeS"17751.
177!!18 LP!!UF·I77!!15
UIllil1/l8 LF'shll
111001/11~ Lp,0"12
IIIIlfIIIIIU LPSTU-14
II1I/I128. LP!'ST.LP,EST ••
elI12U LPllNN_LP.EST+2
oIlfIIIII 1/1 4 LPTCoD.4
01'18.U LPFO"-"414

,,,
,,
,

U
lSI
2IJ

U
22
23
2 ..
215

28
27
2IJ

;sa

U
312
33 118715 ..
3 .. 1171l15 .. 177151.
35
37 11711118 0l1li1110111
38 fl71118f1 111111111110111

,WORD

LPCSR

,WORD
.WORO

~EGISTER

'ADDR!SS OF LPCSR CONTROL STATUS
,
REGISTER USED TO RESET UEVICE
,
ON STOP 110 OPERATIONS,
,TCB POINTER CEXTENDED BITS)
,TCB POINTER CLOWER 15 BITS), THIS
,
WORD IS USED A8 TM! IOLt/BUSY
,
SWITCH FOR THE DEVICE DKIVER,

III

"1
.. 12 07082
LPI
"3 1171152 oI!ISIII 8"
172:50111
0711188 0187111f1

...

MAKE THE POP-l~ DO ALI. THt WORK, THE PDP-II SIMPLY GET S A COUNT
OF eHARACTERS TO PRINT OUT, W! TREAT TH! CONTROL CHARACTERS
1,-,tl5, AND 14 O~LY, A MINUS CHARACTER IS CONVERTED INTO MI~US
THAT NUM8!R OF SPACES. NOTE ALL REAL ASCII CHAR'S HAVE A ZERO LEADING 8ITI
EACH LINE HAS AN IMPLIED CARRIAGE RETURN THAT IS ADOEO BY THE DRIVER
RATHER THAN SENT 8Y THE pOP_lIS

,,,
,,, NnTE, IF HEADER WORD OF' BUFFER HAS 400 BIT SET, IT IS
,, IMAGE MODE, AND WE NIETHER BUT ON LF DR CRII
,, eALL TO ROUTINE HAS ADDRESS OF TC8 IN HANULER BUSY (IDLE)
,
.8LOCK e,.EAESTI(*4

,AOUR IN PIRtX ERROR TA8LE FOR NOT REAOY
,AODR FOR UNiT. (FOR NOW 0)
'LINE PRINTER TASK CODE
,EOF COOECOATA) FOR SPOOLING

CLR

,CLEAR OUT ANY PENOI~G TIMER REQUESTS FUR US,

MOV

'SETUP R0 TO POINT TO TCB

17778~

"15 ,,7072 01/l5"8111
elIllllll.
.8 0"""8 1!1 811J1/l 1

CLR

LPSTAT (R0'

'CLEAR STATUS FLAG IN TCB

MOV

LPSh2CR0),Rl

,GET 8U~FER START ADDRESS

1/l1IJ1I78111
IIl11!11111/l8

TST

LPSA eR0)

,OONIT RELOCATE ADDNESS

8MI
ASL
ADO

Rl
Me.MSIZ,NI

'c.

MOV8
BIC

CR1)+,R2
.11741111!1,R2

'CLEAR OUT TOP OF REGISTER

MOYB

.115, LPEDL

'DEFAULT, A8CII. HERE IS cCR~

0I80f1ll11

1112
. , ""07U8
lPllI·0:5

.; 0"1I1l 011831111

IIIl 117112 1l85"lIIl
17117U
51 07115 lUlU 111
152 07121l 1142"1Il,
1"".0111
153 "712" ll2"1I"
0""1II1!!
"""IIU
15. 117132 11 11 2""1
1/l1llll1IJ1l2

BIT 15

IS ON,
,RELOCATE ADDRESS (WORD TO ByTE POINTER)
11'15 OWN LOCAL MEMORY)

ADD

515 1117138 112"21

MOVB

.12, (RI).

,DEFAULT, PREeEED LINt WITH Ll~E FEtD

III111l"U
111 5 IIJ II"

CLRB

LPERWT

,RESET ERROR WAIT SWITCH

.IFNDF
SIT

SN08w
.140000,SPOLSW

, •• 124 •• 1F SNOSW, DISABLE ALL SWITCH INTERACT
'SPOOLER ENA8LED & RUNNNG

BEQ

,GO TO DISABLE HALT AT EOF (~R-135l

58 1l71·2
117

""","''

15' 071.8 1132711"

1411f111111
1718",II; 1l7U. 0fJ 1427

Figure 4-3
UNICHANNEL LP Driver

4-57

Task Development
'XR!X,142
MACII XVM V1A000 PAIiE 28.
LINt 'R!NT!R DRIVER FOR 1.'11/15
III.PEOF, (R 1)
80 071!8 022711
CMP
00841'
5.
81 07182 001421
BEQ
LPEFWT
82 07184 185787
TSTB
1II/l0554
21
83 07170 881.23
BEQ
LPEI'WT
84 07172 188887
CL~B

,!OF RECORD"
,CURRENT TCB CONTAINS EOF CBH-135)
'WAS LAST RtCORD AN EOF 'l CBH-135)
,NO • BRANCH TO NORMAL CODE (SR-135)
,YES - CLEAR SwITCH FOR NEXT USE (BR-135)

8ef1J!W'l

85 17178 032787

BIT

'IS SWITCH 2 UP ON 11 CONSOL~ 'l C8R-135)

880811 I!

170SS4
88 17214 88141~
87 07208 012787
887828
1721IU
8a 17214 812787
88017'"
172U4
811 17222
"7222 III III lUll 4
17224
III
17225
L1182
70 07228 tQl52117 15$ i
1(l0!112
71 17232 RIII/"482
72 17234 1III5ee7 es i
1Il0!1IU
73
74 17UI 132781 UI

"I!!

"I!! 1
1"17!1

811

BEQ
MOV
MOV
SEX IT

wAnSf

,EXIT TO SYSTEM

lOT
.B'l'TE

0,WAUST

INCB

LPEI'WT

,SET EOI'

BR
CLRB

2.
LPE~WT

,RESUME NORMAL CODE CSR-135)
'CLEAR FLAG. IN CASE SPOOLEH JUST TURNED OFF CBR-135)

,ENDe

,4"0

IHT8

~LAIi

FOR NEXT TC8

BIT SET IN HEADER IF

C~R-135)

I~AIiE

BEQ
CLRB

_ LPEOL

BR
CMPB

N14, (Rl)

BEQ
CMP8

1115, (Rl)

BEQ
DEC
INC
MOV

Rl
R2
R2,I.PBTCT

,YES, DON'T ADD LINt F!ED TO LINE
'MOVE POINTER BACK TO LINE '~ED
'COUNT ADDITION OF LF TO BUF~ER
,SAVE COUNT

MOV

Rl,LPBUFF

'SAVE POINTt:R

CLRB

LPUS

TSTB

LPBUF

1Il1ll0111t4

711 ,,7282 1Il1l14""
8Il 1728. 122711
011l01!1l!!!
lit 17270 "U4"1!
152 17272 1lI!I5S0t
83 07274 ,,"'52111'
154 07278 0U287 4Si
11l1!!04S4
e! ,,7302 fll0t87
0R"428
1515 "7308 tQl51!187
11l0a.U
a7 17U2 lR5787
17020111
sa 17318 "!l2787
01'10 tI/l 1'1
17017''''
811 137324
137324 13Il0CIJI!I4
1373128

'TWO S!COND RETRY CBR-135)

78 07U8 "II US
78 17281 U5P187
18a.88
77 172154 IU4U
715 072158 1227U :5Ii

07327

2.
'NO • RESUME NORMAL CODE (BR-135)
NI.PECHK,LP.CI..2 ,YES· SET UP CLOCK CSR-135)

l'JI!I0

1!102

'NOT IMAIiE, CHECK FOR~S CONTHOL
,IMAGE, DON'T FORCE CR AFTER MESSAGi

'ALLOW ALL FORMS CONTROL
,FIRST CHAR FORM FEED!

'YES, DON'T ADD LINE FEED TO ~INE
'FIRST CHAR CARRIAIiE RETURN

'HISTORY SAYS THIS HENE
,ENABLE INTERRUPTS TO LP GOINIi

8IS

SElIIT
lOT
.BYTE

WAnST

'EXIT IN A WAIT STATE AND RE8CAN

e,WAITST

Figure 4-3 (cant)
UNICHANNEL LP Driver

4-58

Task Development
PIRElC.1A2
MACti XVM V1A000 PAGt 29
LINE PRINTER DR IV!' FOR LP11/15
,
LP INTERRUPT ENTRANCE
1

:5 007n0
L,PrNTI
4 007330 042787
1!11110 t 0111
1701511
II 007331!1 0UIII87
17244 ..
I!I 007:"12 00011104
7 10734 .. 01870111
li'7"tIIl

8IC

,DISABLE L.P INTERRUPT

JSR

'SAVE REGISTERS

IT ASK CODE
IGET TCB POINTER

MOV

8 0073150 UtSl t
II

8EQ

10 07:51512 2105787
170138
11 073158 100415 ..
12 07380 001511187
1721!11111'
13 0731!14
14 0731!14 tIIl15787
170U ..
II! 07370 11110""'3
16 073712 Hl5787

TST

LPCIiR

'IGNORE IF ITS ALREADY BEEN sTOPPED BY
A STOP 110 REQUEST.
ICHECK FOR ERROR

8MI
CLR

LPERR
Lp.CL

IYES
ICLEAR OUT ANY PENDING TIMER REQUEST FOR U8.

TST8

LpCSR

lIS PRINTER CURRENTL.Y GOlNG?

BPL
TST8

LPSTIL
LpTAB

IYESI FORGET CHAR FOR NOW
,IN TAB ElCPANSION TO SPACES?

8MI
DEC

.. S

LpBTCT

IVE8
'DECR CHAR COUNT

8MI
TST8

51
'LPIIUFF

IwENT TO -1, MAKE CR TO F'lNllIH L.INE
IMINUS BYTE IS TAli EXPANSION COUNT

8MI
MOVS

'LPIWFF, L.PSU~

lIS ONE, GO SET UP
ISTICK CHAR INTO L.INE PRINTEW BUFFEH

INC

L.PSUFI'

IMOVE POINTER TO NEXT CHAR

LPLOP

,GO DO NEXT

MOV8

'LP8UH,LpTAS

18ET UP TAB COUNT (MINUS, A L.A 1"

INC

LpBUff

INC8

LPTAII

'COUNT A SPACE FOR THIS TAB

MOVS

1140,LPBUF

ISPACE TO L.INE PRINTER

8R
TST8

L.PLOP
LPEUL.

,GO 00 NEXT
IIMAGE OR ASCII

Move

BEQ

71
LPEOL,LpBUF

'IMAGE, OON'T FORCE eCR.
IASCII, HERE IS eCARRIAGE RETURN.

7$ i

INC

LPSTAT (R0)

ISET REV TO GOOD COMPL.ETION

LPXIT

011J0~42

17 07371!1 U0421
18 07400 21015387

01!J!/J~3I!

111 07404 U0412"
20 07408 105777

01'10322
074112 100"08
1117414 117787
080314
1711l11J74
23 1117422 001526,.
000308
24 07428 011107!!1I

U
U

2!5
U 07430 1l771!17 8$'

00030111
0111030l!
27 07 .. 38 0011121!17
000l!711!
28 07442 Hl151287 4$,
0011112712
U 07441!1 11271!17
0111004111
1701.'1<112
30 0745 .. 000743
:H 1117451!1 Hl571!1" !I$'
1III!J028f1
32 0741!12 001 .. Pl!
33 0741!1 .. 111!171!17
00012512
17002 ..

34 07472 0Pl521!1111
0011J1!I14

311 07471!1 1110042t
:Sl!l

:57 0715210 0"2787 I.P~TtLI BIS
1!1(I)010Pl
17011108
8R
38 07501!1 000"1!
3;

LPlCT

.0 2175111 1051287 L,P!'''PI
00012127
"1 07151. 11271!17
00000 ..
17le4'

INC8

'ENABL.E INTtRRUPT ON ~P
LPlCITl

IRESTORE Rm-R' AND RETURN

L.PERWT

ISET ERROR WAIT Sw.

MOVS

IERROR COOE 1,NOT READV TO TABLE

Figure 4-3 (cont)
UNICHANNEL LP Driver

4-59

Task Development
MAt:l1 XVM VlA000 PAIit. 29+
PIREX.l.2
L.INE PRINTER DRIVE~ 'DR ~Pll/1~
lf~PCHK,L.P.CL.+2
42 11171522 012757 Lp"RRII MOV
111"'7845
1715.",
lfI70,L.P.CL.
MDV
4:5 0715:51/1 11112'57
000171/1
1715:501
DEQUI
0715:515 011101157 LPl(lTll JMP
173511'1
415
I.~EST
415 071542 II!I15M7 LPl(lTl CL.RB
171511'1
If;)40, PS
BU
47 0715.5 052787

••

/ADDR. FOR TIMER REQ.
/2 SECS. IN TICKSCOCTAL.)
,SCMEDUL.E NEXT TASK
'INDICATE SUCCESSFUl-I. OPERATION
,INHISIT INTERRUPTS

01110~4'"

4e 0715154

°170222
9HI 1/1 87
IS77~4

49 071560 0U'1Il1
011J1il1ll0!
15O 0715154 III 11571'1l'1
1772701
III 071170
07:17o 0047157
173825
152 07157.
I.Pl(TI
153 071574 052757
0Pl0:5.PI
170174
114 071502 01!115P11'17
1772112
1515 07150t1 00150t17
17724,
1515 07612 01270:5
011J71115,
157 0711115 012701
01'!14!5~

l5e 071522 0010157
173.15'"
159

e0
111

e2
53
!14

,,,
,,
,

CI.R

L.PCSR

,SI1UT DOWN DEVICE

MOV

U,Rl

,TEL.1. CAL.L.E~ DONE

MOV

L.P .. 2,R0

,GET TCBP

C:AL.L
JSR

SEND15
PC,st;ND1:1

'TE~I.

8IS

lfJ40.PS

'INHIBIT INTtRRUPTS

el.R

I.P .. 2

,CI.EAR BUSYtIDLE) FLAG

CL.R

LP .. 4

MOV

"LP,R;'

MOV

"I.P.L.H,Rl

JMP

DEQU

515 071525 001571'17 LP",CIoIIO TST
177225
BEQ
e5 076~2 0014:57
8IT
e7 07634 03271'17

CAL.I.ER DONE

'DEQUEUE ANOTHER REQUEST IF ~NY
IN THIS DRIVERS OEQUE.

SUBHOUTI Nf TO FIEL.D CL.OCK COUNT"DOWN
I.P-2

,HAVE WE BEEN DISABI.ED

L.PCX
"2,SW

,YES" RETURN TO CLOCK· NO KETRY (BR-13:1)
,NO .. IS SWITCH 2 STIL.I. UP 1 (BR-1315)

0010"'1IJ~

II5172e

Figure 4-3 (cont)
UNICHANNEL LP Driver

4-60

1 (6W"1315)

Task Development
PIREX.l.2
MAr.ll XVM V1Ae00
LINE PRINTeR DRIVED FOR LPll/1~
LPCXlT
8. 070.2 00103.
SNE
LPCLJ(
15g 0715.. 000.0~
SR
70 0715.15 00157157 LPeH~1 TST
LP-2
117208
BEQ
LPCX
71 0715152 001'27
LPCSR
72 11171515. 00157157
TST
1157"3.
LPCX IT
~~ 1117880 100.2,
8MI
IfLPTCOD*2,R2
7_ 0715152 012702 LP~L~I
MOV
0P.IIH! 1 PI

75 11171588 1!Jt8Ut
00il ••
78 07872 QU2787
0071.'!U
17711'111
n 07700 042781
000017
IIJ0111ee8
78 077015 Q!12781
I!! 1117 \IJ3.
0"01111/1'
79 077101 ",, 15
Be 077iS 118287
00112'"
171128
~f 111772. 000207
152 07728 01271111 LPeX!TI
000t7111
S3 1111732 000207 LPeXI

2°'

8.
815 0,73.

MOV

LP~TeTI

,IF YES, EXIT,

LE~VING CLOCK DISABLED (BR-135)
,ODES ERROR STILL EXIST ? (B~-135)

,YES - SET UP CLOCK RETRY (BH-135)
'SCAN ATL FOR OUR NODE (BR-1J5)

ATLNP(H2),Rl

MOV

'RESTART AT BEGINNING OF REQ.

BIC

,Rl POINTS TO OUR NODf, MAKE RUNNABLE

MOV

IfLP.28,~.SP(Rll

ASR
MOVB

R2
,MAKE BYTE ADDRESSING
LEVEL(R2),LP-10 'SET UP PS

RTS
MOV

PC
If170, (R0)

,RETURN TO CLOCK (BR-135)
,Re POINTS TO TIMER ENTRY

RTS

'RETURNS TO CLOCK

IZI

,BUtrFER POINTER
,BYTE COUNT
HAB I.OCHION
'0 IF IMAGE, 15 I~ ASCII
PiAK E EV EN
,EOF wAS LAST RECORD FLAG (BH-135)
,MAKE EVEN (BR-135l

LPFlUFFI .WORO
,WORD
077.", 0C1J0"'01!l LPTA!" .WORD
.BYTE
88 077·2
0~" LP!'OLI
• iii 077·3
00111 LPFRWTI .BYTE
iii 0 0774.
I!lPUI LP~FwTI .BYTE
gl
.fVE"4
92
01/J1/J00~

815 077315 000000

'YES - SET UP CLOCK RETRY CBW-135)
,NO. SET UP RETRY OF TCB (BW-135)
,HAVE WE BEEN OIS~BLEO

o
I/J
o
I/J
o

'SET UP STACK POINTER

Figure 4-3 (cont)
UNICHANNEL LP Driver

4-61

Task Development
1.

Equates, device locations, etc.

Initialization and I/O request section (page 28, lines
used to set up and initiate a device operation.

Interrupt section, used to respond to the completion of a
device operation and to check for errors (Page 30, lines 1-59).

An optional clock wake-up section~ used to check the correction on an error condition on the clearing of a wait-at-end
of file condition and either retry the offending operation
or set another wake-up call (Page 29, lines 61-91).

4.7.2.2

(Page 28, lines 7-15).
1-90)~

Task Entry - Initialization - When the task is initially

called, the user stack area is reset.

Execution normally begins at

the first location of the program code.

At this point, all general

purpose registers are available for use by the task.

If the task is

interrupted by a higher priority task before completing the request,
execution will resume at the point of interruption when program control
is returned.

Various steps in device driver (Figure 4-3) initiali-

zation include:

Clearing out any pending timer requests (if the task uses
wakeup services).
(Page 28, line 43).

Setting up a pOinter to the data buffer and relocating the
pointer value if it comes from the XVM (Page 28, lines
44-50, 74-87).

Various device dependent operations (page 28, lines 51-56).

Detect and initiate halt at end of file procedure (Page 28,
line 57-73).

Start up the device (Page 28, line 88).

Exit in a WAIT state (Page 28, line 89) until reawakened by
an interrupt (see Section 4.7.2.4).

4.7.2.3

Interrupt Processing - An interrupt transfers control to the

device driver interrupt section at priority 7.

Interrupt processing

(Figure 4-3) is composed of the following steps:

Disable the device interrupt (Page 29, line 4).

Save the interrupted task registers switch stacks and drop
down to the task's actual priority as specified in the LEVEL
table. This is all accomplished by a JSR RO, R.SAVE (Page 29,
lines 5 and 6). R.SAVE is called the task's "TCN" as a
parameter and passed.

Page number refers to the page number at the top of the PIREX
listing.
4-62

Task Development
3.

Test the task busy idle switch to see if the request has been
cancelled (Page 27, lines 7 and 8).
If it was cancelled,
use the normal DEQU exit without sending a completion message
to the caller (see Section 4.7.2.4).

Perform task interrupt processing and error checking (Page 29,
lines 10-36).

If a correctable error is detected, set the error code in the
DEVST table. This error code should indicate a correctable
error.
The DEQUI return should be used in conjunction with
a clock wake-up call to allow automatic retry of the operation
(Page 29, lines 40-44). See Section 4.7.2.4 for information
on DEQUI and Section 4.7.3 for information on the timed
wake-up.

If a fatal error occurs, the event variable should be set to
indicate this error.

If the operation was successfully completed, use the normal
exit procedure described in Section 4.7.2.4 (Page 29, lines
46-58) •

4.7.2.4

Exit Techniques - When a task has finished execution, it can

exit by issuing the SEXIT macro (exit and change state of task to "s") •

• MACRO SEXIT s
IOT
.BYTE a,s
.ENDM
The SEX IT macro allows a task to change status to state "s" after
exiting.

A task state of "a" indicates the task is runnable, a state

of "2" indicates a wait state, and a state of "4" indicates a stop
state with removal of the

ATL node.

Task states must always be an

even number since they are used to compute a word index in the PDP-II.
A SEXIT in state "0" causes the system to rescan the ATL list for the
highest priority task.
There are actually three modes in which a task may exit.
mode, is used on coml'letion

of a request.

In the first

Before a task exits, it

must:
1.

Zero the busy/idle switch.

Set the caller's Event Variable to indicate the nature of
task completion and send an optional interrupt to the XVM
or the PDP-II.

4-63

Task Development
3.

Dequeue a request from its deque and process it if found;
otherwise exit.

Before a task can begin the three previously mentioned steps, it must
be executing at level 7 (the highest priority level in the PDP-ll).
As an example, assuming a task name is "XR"

(the first executable

instruction of every task has the task name as its label), then the
following program code would accomplish the three necessary steps:
BIS #340,

@#PS;INHIBIT INTERRUPTS

MOV #?,Rl

;SET CALLER'S EV TO ?

CALL SEND15

(APPROPRIATE VALUE)

AND SEND CALLER
AN OPTIONAL INTERRUPT
TELLING THE REQUESTOR THAT THE
REQUEST HAS BEEN PROCESSED
(A COMPLETE LIST OF EVENT)
VARIABLE SETTINGS MAY BE
FOUND IN SECTION 3.2.5.4

BIS #340,

@#PS;INHIBIT INTERRUPTS,

CLR XR-2

;CLEAR THE BUSY/IDLE SWITCH ("XR" is the tag
associated with the first executable
instruction in the task program code)

CLR XR-4
MOV #XR,R3

;DEQUEUE ANOTHER REQUEST IF ANY

MOV #XR,LH,Rl
JMP DEQU

EXISTS IN THIS TASK'S DEQUE
IF A REQUEST EXISTS, NO RETURN
IS MADE FROM ROUTINE DEQUE
AND THE REQUEST IS AUTOMATICALLY
REMOVED AND PROCESSED AS IF IT
WERE JUST RECEIVED WHEN THE
TASK WAS IDLE

This first method is used in the task interrupt section upon successful
completion of a request.

4-64

Task Development
The second method is one where the task exits from the initialization
section (Figure 4-3, Page 29, lines 46-58)

in a wait state using the

SEXIT macro, and an interrupt routine or other task will complete the
previously mentioned three steps at a later time.

A device driver is

typically exited in this way (Figure 4-3, Page 29, line 57).

The

initial section of the device driver is used to set up the device controller and begin the I/O operation.

The task will then exit in a

wait state until the I/O is complete,

the interrupt section is called,

the device is shut down, and the previously mentioned three steps are
done informing the requestor that the I/O operation has been completed.
The third method of exiting is one used either when a recoverable error
is detected in the interrupt section of a driver and the intention is
to exit and wait for an error recovery or when another I/O request is
issued in the interrupt section and another interrupt is expected.
This exit through DEQUl does not cause the dequeuing of pending requests but simply places the task in a WAIT state.

This method assumes

that an R.SAVE has been performed upon entry to the interrupt process
routine.

The required code to use this exit is:

JMP DEQUl
No registers are preserved by this exit.

Control is returned to the

interrupt section upon occurrence of an interrupt or via the clock
routine wake-up, to a location chosen by the clock set up section.
(Figure 4-3, Page 29, line 44).
4.7.3

Timed Wakeup

In the design of a device driver it is useful to include features that
eliminate operator intervention whenever possible.
For instance, in the example of the PIREX Line Printer Task, an OFF
Line condition is handled by retrying the printing every two seconds
until successful.

This is accomplished by using the wakeup feature

of the Clock Task.

This is done by simply placing the return address

and the time dealy into the Clock Table "CLTABL" (See Section 3.3.4)
Figure 4-3, Page 29, lines 42-43) and the exits using the DEQUl type
exit.

4-65

Task Development
When the wakeup call occurs, the clock wakeup sUbsection specified by
the return address will be invoked.

In this subsection:

Test the task IDLE/BUSY switch to see if the task has been
shut down. If shut down, a RTS PC return to the Clock Task
is in order.
(Page 29, lines 65, 70-71, 83.)

Determine if the error has been corrected.
If not, reset
the timer and RTS PC to the Clock Task.
(page 29, lines
72,73,82,83.)

If the error has been corrected, reprocess the original TCB
request and return to the Clock Task.
(Page 29, lines 74-81.)
This will cause PIREX to retry the TCB.

4.7.4

Assembly and Testing

4.7.4.1

Assembly and Loading - New PIREX device driver should be

assembled as a part of the PIREX monitor.

Background tasks may be

assembled separately.
In the background task case, the user should construct an XVM program
to load the background task binary into XVM memory.
an example of the required technique.)
a CONNECT Directive.

(See SPOL15 for

The XVM program must then issue

To start the task, if the task is to execute in

PDP-11 local memory, two additional steps are required:
1.

Issue a local memory size directive to determine if there
is enough local memory to accommodate the new task.

Issue a CONNECT directive (assuming there was enough room
in local memory for the task).

After issuing the CONNECT directive, use the initial portion
of the PDP-11 code to move the remainder of the task into
the local memory starting at the first free location.

4.7.4.2

Testing - Since the typical UNICHANNEL system does not have

a terminal device attached to the PDP-11 processor, the only debugging
facility present is the console indicators on the PDP-11.

An addi-

tional aid is the UDMP11 paper tape provided with all UC15 XVM/DOS
systems.

This program provides a destructive dumping facility that

recovers the entire state of the PDP-11 LOCAL memory and dumps it into
the LP11/LS11/LV11 Printer.

4-66

Task Development

NOTE
The UDMPII program is an unsupported package
that can only be used on systems with a pr~nter
device on the PDP-II UNICHANNEL Processor.
For tasks executing in the common memory, the
traditional
Q-DUMP feature of the XVM/DOS
monitor should be used.

4-67

CHAPTER 5
SPOOLER DESIGN AND THEORY OF OPERATION
5.1

INTRODUCTION

This chapter discusses the design concepts of the XVM UNICHANNEL SPOOLER software and its theory of operation.

This information is pro-

vided to enable the user to understand the SPOOLER software in order
to add new SPOOLED tasks or to modify existing software.
modification process is described in Chapter 6.

The actual

Flowcharts are pro-

vided whenever it is necessary.
5.2
5.2.1

OVERVIEW
SPOOLER

The word 'spool' and 'spooling' originated in the textile industry.
During thread manufacture, the threads are wound on small spools by
first storing them on large spindles and then transferring them onto
small spools.

This entire process is called spooling.

In the com-

puting industry, the term spooling is used to describe the process of
collecting and storing data on a large high-speed medium and controlling the flow of this data to slow speed devices.

The "SPOOLER" is a

distinct piece of software that controls the entire spooling operations.
Spooling permits data flow between a data source and a data sink to
proceed at independent rates.

This feature gives the user greater

computing power and faster turn-around time because of better system
resource utilization under an integrated operating system.
5.2.2

XVM UNICHANNEL Spooler

In the XVM UNICHANNEL system, spooling is achieved by using the dual
processing capability of the system.

The two processors, XVM and

PDP-II, operate in the Master and Slave mode respectively.

The Slave

processor (PDP-II) controls the entire spooling operation.

Data to

be spooled is supplied by either the master processor (XVM) , or by
tasks running under PIREX.

Spooled data is stored on a disk cartridge.

5-1

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation

The Line Printer, Card Reader, and the Incremental Plotter, all being
UNIBUS devices, are supported by the XVM UNICHANNEL spooler.
5.3

SPOOLER DESIGN

The XVM UNICHANNEL SPOOLER is based on a simple design.
data is done through the RK05 disk.

Spooling of

A contiguous portion of disk is

allocated via SPLGEN for this purpose by the operating system on the
XVM.

The starting block number and the size in terms of number of

blocks is conveyed to the SPOOLER when i t is issued the 'BEGIN' directive.

The SPOOLER allocates and deal locates this space on the disk

through a BITMAP it maintains.

The spooling and despooling operations

of every task are performed through a central "TABLE", in which every
spooled task has a slot.

Against each slot there are several entries

used to keep track of the data during spooling and despooling.

Pro-

visions are made in the SPOOLER to permit spooling of data regardless
of the number of blocks occupied in the spool space and the number
of buffers in the SPOOLER provided despooling operations are going on.
This prevents system lockout.

All the data blocks on the disk belong-

ing to a spooled task are linked together by forward pOinters stored
in the last word (377 ) of each data block. The end of data in a
8
block is indicated by a zero word. Records are assumed to be less
than 3748 words in size.

The last block in a spooled file has a pointer

to the previous file's last block in word '18' or a -1 if there is no
active previous file,
spooled.

if the last spooled file has not yet been de-

Also the last block in a spooled file contains an end of file

indicator in word

'376 ' of the data block.
Sections 5.3 and 5.4 des8
cribe the static layout of the spooler.
The dynamic layout is described in Section 5.5.
5.4

SPOOLER COMPONENTS

The following are the major components of the SPOOLER software:
1.

request dispatcher

directive processing routine

task call service routine

device interrupt dispatcher

device interrupt service routine

5-2

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
6.

utility routines

buffers, TABLE, BITMAP, TCBs

A brief description of each of the above components follows.
5.4.1

Request Dispatcher

This routine dispatches (routes) all requests made by the SPOOLER and
requests to the spooled tasks.
'I' of the TCB.

This is done by using the TCN in word

The dispatcher transfers control to the appropriate

directive processing routines, in the case of spooler requests and
to the task call service routine, in the case of requests to spooled
tasks.
5.4.2

Directive Processing Routines

These routines process directives issued to the SPOOLER to control
spooling operations.
"END" spooling.

The basic operations are "BEGIN" spooling and

These routines may initialize switches, TABLE, BIT-

MAP, pointers, buffers, set up TCB, start tasks, stop tasks,
5.4.3

••• etc.

Task Call Service Routines

A task call service routine processes requests addressed to tasks
running under PIREX.

It spools data onto disk in case of output tasks,

and for input tasks it despools the data from disk.

Output tasks buf-

fer data from several requests into blocks and transfer the blocks to
disk when full.

Input tasks read into core, data blocks stored on

disk, and unpack the data into

the requestor's buffer.

Task Call

Service Routines update the TABLE, pointers, and switches, and use the
utility routines present in the SPOOLER to write or read a block onto
or from the disk, get or give a buffer, get or give a TCB, etc.

(Refer

to Figure 5-2.)

5.4.4

Device Interrupt Dispatcher

All interrupts from devices interacting with the SPOOLER are dispatched
by this routine to the appropriate service routines.
using the

This is done by

TCN of the requestor for that task request present in word

'13 ' of the TCB.
8

5-3

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
5.4.5

Device Interrupt Service Routines

These routines handle completion of I/O requests from devices.

They

supplement the driver routines present in PIREX as in the device handlers.

Besides the disk interrupt service routine, each spooled task

has its own interrupt service routine.

The disk interrupt

service

routine is made up of the "read interrupt processor" and the "write
interrupt processor".

These are in turn made up of routines handling

read/write operation for each specific spooled task.

The interrupt

service routine of a spooled task controls the despooling operation
for output tasks and the spooling operation for input tasks.

These

operations are driven by the table entries which determine the end of
the operation.

Device interrupt service routines update the TABLE,

pointers, switches and use the utility routines to write or read a
block onto or from the disk, get or give a buffer, get or give a
TeB, etc.
5.4.6

Utility Routines

Each SPOL11 utility routine performs a specific function.

They are:

FINDBK

Find a free block on disk and set its bit in the
BITMAP Table (protected). 1

FREEBK

Free the block indicated and reset its bit in the
BITMAP Table.

GETBUF

Get an unused buffer from the buffer pool
(protected) .1

GIVBUF

Give the used buffer back to the buffer pool.

GETRKT

Get a disk TeB from the Disk TeB pool.

GIVRKT

Give back the TeB to the Disk TeB pool.

GETBLK

Read a block from disk.

PUTBLK

Put a block on disk.

GETPUT

Get or put a block on disk.

RESTRQ

Reissue a delayed request.

DEQREQ

Tell requestor that a request is done and dequeue
the next request, if any.

1protected routines are those run at priority level 7.

5-4

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
5.4.7

5.5

Buffers, TABLE, BITMAP, TCBs
Buffers

The SPOOLER maintains a pool of buffers in a
doubly linked list for general use. Buffers
are used to pack data into blocks to be
written onto disk (by output task call service routines) and to unpack data from data
blocks read from disk into requestor buffers
(by input task call service routines).

TABLE

The entire spooling and despooling operation
of all tasks is controlled by entries in this
table. Every spooled task has the following
entries:
WORD 0:

DEV

device mnemonic (set by the BEGIN
routine)

WORD 1:

CBN

current despooling block number
(set by the despooler).

WORD 2:

CRP

current record pointer (set by the
despooler) •

WORD 3:

NBN

next despooling block number (set
by the despooler) •

WORD 4:

LSB

last spooled block number (set by
the spooler).

WORD 5:

LFB

last spooled file block number (set
by the spooler).

BITMAP

A record of availability of disk spooling space
is maintained in the BITMAP. corresponding to
each disk block reserved for spooling is a bit
which is 'ON' if the block is in use and 'OFF'
if free.

TCBs

Buffered blocks of data are read from disk and
written onto disk using TCBs. Output spooled
tasks despool data to devices using TCBs and
input spooled task spool data from devices using
TCBs.

THEORY OF OPERATION

This section will describe in detail the flow of control in the SPOOLER
among the above components.

To illustrate this process, the spooling

and despooling operations of the Line Printer will be discussed.

The

routines in the SPOOLER listing (Figure 5-1) are broken up into logic
boxes and referenced by line numbers.

5-5

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation

5.5.1

SPOOLER Startup

Spooling under an operating system on the XVM is accomplished as
follows.

The SPOOLER task should be added to PIREX, by reading it

into local memory and connecting it at run time via SPOOL (SPOL15).
As supplied by DEC, the SPOOLER is a separate binary program from
PIREX.

A special XVM program referred to as the system/SPOOLER inter-

face (SPOL15) is responsible for loading the SPOOLER into PDP-11 local
memory and then issuing requests to PIREX to connect the SPOOLER and
then begin its operation.
SPOL15 (SPOOL) determines if
asks "END?".

the spooler is running.

If the reply is yes, a terminate spooling directive is

sent to PIREX and the SPOOLER is disabled.
ning,

If so, SPOL15

If the SPOOLER is not run-

SPOL15 asks on which RK drive the user wishes to begin spooling.

Spooling may be done on any RK unit that has a cartridge that has been
initialized with a SPOOLER area by the SPLGEN program.

If the cartridge

has a SPOOLER area and if there is room in the PDP-11 local memory,
the SPOOLER is read from the system disk

(DPO, DK, or RKO) and trans-

ferred to local PDP-11 memory and started.

Note that the questions

"RK UNIT#" and "BEGIN?" must be answered in this process.
All questions have default replies displayed.
selected by entering a carriage return.
are "Y" or "N".

These replies may be

The options on YES/NO questions

The default valve for the RK unit is the unit upon

which spooling was done previously (or unit 0 if PIREX was just loaded).
Example:

XVM/DOS Vnxnnn
$SPOOL
SPOOL XVM Vnxnnn
RK UNIT # [1]
BEGIN?

(Y) Y

SPOOLING ENABLED
XVM/DOS Vnxnnn
$SPOOL
SPOOL XVM Vnxnnn
END?
(Y)
Y
SPOOLING DISABLED
XVM/DOS Vnxnnn
$
Subsequently when PIREX schedules the SPOOLER task to run, the "BEGIN"
request is processed.

On gaining control, the 'request dispatcher'

5-6

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation

transfers control to the 'BEGIN' routine.

The first time the SPOOLER

processes a directive it also executes a once only section of code,
which builds a central address table.

This table contains addresses

of frequently addressed locations in the SPOOLER and is necessary since
the SPOOLER is coded in Position Independent Code (PIC) and thus can
be loaded anywhere in the PDP-11 memory.

SPOOLER is coded in PIC to

permit additional tasks to be added to PIREX without necessitating
SPOOLER changes.

The BEGIN routine performs the following; general

startup operations and the specific line printer startup operations
(refer to Figure 5-1):
GENERAL OPERATIONS - BEGIN DIRECTIVE:

SPO~II.141
.SSE~BLY

Set up the SOFTWARE
INTERRUPT trap address in
the PIREX SEND11 table

page 7, lines 9-12

Save the SPOOLER start address
in the "disconnect SPOOLER"
TCB

line 13

Initialize the FINDBK routine
switches and pointers.

lines 15-18, 40

,SBTTL

1
2
:5
4
~

II
7
8

10
11
12

1:5
14

PAGE 3

MAel' XV" V1A0011l

PARAM~T~R~

ASSeMBLY PARAMETERS

cnNnITIONAL ASSEMBLY, SLP, SCO, SPL, FOR
FOR LP USE 4LlJ00111
"O~ PL USE 1001/10
, "O~ CO USE 2LlJIIl00
,LI"d0 1lO 00
,SpL81 1lO PlI!l0

CARD READER, AND xy PLOTTER, RESPECTIVELY
I'lEvSPP8P
nEvC"IT80
,IFOF
SLP
nEvC"IT80EVCNT+l
nEvSPP80EVSPPjSLP

III
17
18
III
20
21
22

"EvCIIJT~OEVCNT+1

nEvSPP80EVSpPISPL

,E~Or.

215
26
27
28

LINEPRINT~R

·.E~O(';

~I"O"
!lCO
I'lEvC:"IT80EVCNT+I
nEvSPP.OEVSPPISCD
.E"IOr.
.11'01'
'PL

,,
,,

,Sf.lTTL

SYM~DLIC

~QUATES

Figure 5-1
UNICHANNEL Spooler Components

5-7

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
SPOlII.14!
MAr.I' XVM VIA000
SPOOlER OISPATCHER

PAG~

NOTE
The A assembly errors contained
in this figure are warning
messages, and, do not indicate
actual errors in this example.

.SBTTL

SPOOLER DISPATCHER

2
0" 1/1 1/1 I'! ~PI"Er. ••
3 "'011/101/11/1 OIA576~
4 000002 0A014!'!
15 0000""
6 00014" OIOI0t4'
7 0P0142 0A01/1011l1 I'IUMI
8 000144 0A0"10rJ1
9 000146 0U1701'" 8P~TI

.WORD
.wORD
.BLOCK
• WORD
• WORD
.WORD
MOV

SPEIoID.SPBEG/2
SPST
8.+EAESTI<*6 .. 2
DUM

I'" 1/10115" 111121157

t-10V

'FAKE II'S REQ. TO PREVENT GtTTING KILLtO

MOV

UCTLCT,SDCTISV

'THIS IS TO PREVEloiT STACK BLuW UP T~RO'
,eTL 'C'S rROM POP.I~
'SAVE CURRENT CTL IC' COUNT ~OR LATtR CLEANUP

TST

ONCHl.

IMAS THIS COO~ Al.READY SEEN uONE?

liNE
MOV

2~$

IfOEV spp, '''DE vSPL

,yES

AOR
MOV
ADO

SPBEG,Rl
PC,RI
IISPBEG-.,Rl

ADR
/oIOV
ADD

AORTBL,R2
PC,R2
IIAORTBL ... ,R2

MOV

"-ADTCNT,R3

17777,

,SIZE OF SPOOLER (BR-127)
,STARTING BYTE OFFSET (BR-128)
IC6R-128)

o
o

SPST-2,R0

'GET TCP ADDRESS IN

1 010 rJI 1/11/1
177715'

12
13 0016", 013767
001D11'111
00174111
14 00166 011/15167
00501411
I! 01'J172 00111/121'1
16 00174 0127:57
0I401/1011l1

DON'T 00 IT AGAIN
,SET UP DEVICE SPOOl.~O wORD

0011 Ae.

17 0021/12
00202 010701
0021/141 0827011
17711'174

18 01/12101
00211/1 A!07A'
II'Pl212 08270'
11111147411
19 00216 0!2701~
0001/131
20 00222 011012, 101,.
21 00224 005~0~
22 002215 001137'"
23 00230 011571/1'
00417!!'
24 00234 080122 !II'I~I
2!! 01/12315 M011'
215 00240 014,o,
27 1/10242 020'157
0111 47!!1/I
28 00246 1/101137,
29 0102150
'''''I
30 00215", 122781/1
1/11/10207
01/101/1111'
31 00256 001143'
32 011l2151/1 A107A\
33 002152 015271/1\
(11"'0124

ADD
OEC
BNE
MOV

'INITALIIE ADDRESSES (PIC COUE)

RI, (R2) +

,CAl.CUL.ATE ADDRESSES

BUFL.AO,R2

'LOOP UNTIL ALL FINISMEO
'SET uP BuFFERS

ADD
ADD
MDV
CMP

Rl,(R2)+
RI,fR2

ISET UP POI loiTERS GOING BACKW~ROS THRU Q

R2,BUFI.AD

'HEAD OF BUFFER?
'NO .- TRY AGAlloi

.. (R2l , R2

BNE

I:lS

CMPB

IISPCOO+200,TCOOE(R0)

BEQ
/oIOV
ADO

lIS
PC,RI
IIDISP1 .... RI

,SPOOLER REQUEST?

, GET DEVICE DISPATCH TABI.E IN Rl

Figure 5-1 (Cont.)
UNICHANNEL Spooler Components

5-8

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
SPOL.l1,1"1
HAe 11 XVH V1A000 PAGE 5+
SPOOL.ER DISPATCHF.R
R2
eL.R
34 00258 01111 51!! 0'
35
CMPB
.~PCOO.TCODECR0)
35 00270 12276'"

'~P

REQUEST?

000111"'41

000"'0'
37 00278 011114131
38
liD 00300 PlPl572'
40 0111302 12278'"
","'0"'015
01110"'''''
41 0"'31", 1'11'11424
42
43 0r11312 01'1572,
44 00314 12278'"
000i:11M
0111001""

(

SEQ

Z2S

TST
CMPB

.COCOO,TCODE~RPI)

BEQ

Z2S

TST
CHPB

(R2) +
.PL.COD,TCODE(R0)

(R2) +
,NO. CO RtQUEST?

,NO. PL REQUEST?

,
,

BEQ
Z2S
45 00322 001 H,.
48
4'1
, U"'RI':COGNISEO TASK REQUEST REPORT.
48
ERpOl'l1
411 00324
IIIItDt'.V5T,Rl
MOV
50 00324 I'll 371'1 1
11111110115",
ADD
.SPCOD*3*2+4,RI
51 0033111 0827"',
01'101111511
UOPS77, (RU
HOVB
52 0P0334 112711
00011177
OI:QREQ
CAL.L
!l3 0034'"
PC,DI:QRI:Q
JSR
0034111 004787
1'1001'1"4
154
PC,Rl
'SPOOLER RELlUEST ,GET SPOOLEM OISPTACH
MOV
155 0ll'l344 01070! 71U
/TABLE IN .3
.OISPI/J-. ,Rl
ADO
156 0034" \lI627PJ\
0001'122
FCODE(R0),R2
Hova
'GET FUN. CUDE
57 01/13152 115"'111,
PlPJ0PlPJI!
1t177740,R2
58 00356 11427 111 ,
BIC
17774'"
IADO FUN. CODE TO Rl
Rl,R2
159 00352 0150\0' Z2~1
ADD
(R2) ,R 1
'BUIL.O DISPATCH JUMP x
ADD
60 00354 Ml'0,
(R 1)
'BRANCH TO APPROPRIATE ROUTINE
JMP
51 O0386 011101 t,
82
83
,SponL.fR DIRECTIVE DISPATCH TABL.E
.. 01SP0
,BEGIN' COOt.a0
e4 00370 1!!00"'2A IH!'!P'" , BEGIN
.. OISP0
'ERRORI COOf-2
ERROR
lI5 111111372 177734
.. OI5P0
'ENOl CODE.4
END
8e 00374 0111111434
,ERRORI COOt:05
ERROR
-OI5P0
e7 003711 1771'34
, ERROR I COOt.aU
.OISP0
ERROR
58 00401/1 17773.
.OISP0
,ERROR: COOEa12
ERROR
89 0041112 11'7734
.. 01SP0
,ERRORI COOE"14
F.RROR
70 0041114 17773.
'11
72
rO"VTCE REQUEST -DISPATCH TAt;L.E
73 01114111e 0"'372' nl!llP, : LPCAL.1. ~OISPI
'LPI L.INE PRINTER
reo, CARD REAOER
74 111041111 01'14415'
CDCAL.L -OI5Pl
715 1110412 1111'1443'"
PL.CA(.L. .. OISPI
'PL.I ICY PLOTTER
76

Figure 5-1 (Cont.)
Spooler Components

UNICHM~NEL

5-9

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
MAel1
SPOL.ll.141
BEGIN DIRECTlV!'

I
2
3

XV~

VIAe00

,SBTTL.

PAGE 7
BEGIN DIRECTIVE

'THI~
'ETC~

ROUTINE STARTS AL.~ SPDOL.ING OPERATIONS, SWITCHES, CONTROL. REGISTERS
ARE SET , THE BUFf~R pUOL., TCB POINTERS, BITMAP, TABL.E ETC. ARE
,SFT up,eITMAP & TABL.E ARE SAVED ON DISK(FOR BACKUP OPERATIONS). EACM
,1~DTVIDUAL SPOOLED TASK IS TMEN INITIALIZED & STARTED UP IF NECESSARY

•
5

e
SI 1'101'1.14 11110701

10 00416 08271",
002341.!
11 00422 01370,"
01'11\11o,
12 004116 01015,
01'101'1111
13 01110432 011101157
01'100114
01111127<1
14
15 00441'1 111127157
1111'1001011
00114<101
115 00446 11111570.
QlIII 4 !l4o:!

17 00452 0Ul157
00143\?
18 004515 010H17
01'l14301

,,
eEr.INI "tOV

ADD

PC,Io!I
IfOEVINT-.,Rl

ISET SENDII ADDRESS IN PIREX

MOV
MOV

14(R0),TCBDSA+TCBDIS

TNJTIALIZE AL.L. SWITCHES
MOV
.I,CBTPTR

;START BIT MAP SEARCH

MOV

ASPL.FU,RI

'.1I13S1 •• SETUP TASK CODE STACK FOR FINDBK

MOV

Rl,TCDINI

11I1I139 •• w~EN MORE THAN ONE GuY FINDS OUT

~OV

Rl,TCDPNT

' •• 139 •• T~EHE ARE NO

CONTROL. REGS,
MOV
PC,Rl
ADD
.OUM-"RI

lSI
,SFT
20 11104152 0111.1701
21 004154 P1!127111,
P74!1"
PUSH
Rl
22 0047111
MOV
Rt,-tSP)
00470 0111.11411
pop
-(Rl)
23 0!!!4"2
MDV
CSP)+,-tRl)
0I!!472 1'1 t 2(11<1 ,
,$I"TIIP BUFFER POOL.
24
,INITIALIZE RK TCB POINTERS
25
MOV
RKCAD,rn
26 0"474 11111571'1.
0Il4415111
MOV
PC,Io!2
27 0050111 1'1107""
ADD
.TC~ST •• ,R2
28 00502 111627111\?
1II1l1!l001:J
MOV
.TC~CT,R3
2S1 01/1505 "'t271'i~
00000!1
R2, (Rl)+
to<OV
30 00512 11110221 '11
1130,R2
ADD
31 210514 0527"',
000111301
DEC
R3
32 0052111 1II111!13111~
BNE
21
33 00522 IIIIII1~7~
II~ITIAL.IZE BITMAP
34
PUSH
NBKtR0)
3!1 00524
MOV
NBK(RI1J),-CSP)
1/10!124 11116111411

SPOL.ll,l"1
MAr.I' XVM V1A000 PAGE 7+
BEGIN DIRe:cTIVf:
Allle"'t::!
(SP)
35 010530 01115U5
ASR
CSP)
ASR
37 00532 PJPJl'I::! I"
esP)
ASR
38 1!l1/l534 0I1HI21/1
.1'(SP)
3S1 01!1531!l 1'14271/1
BIC
011100101
40 01!l5<12 1111878"
BTMPAD,CWDPTR
MOV
lUI 442'"
1!l1l1~~.

oil 0I!l55f11 01871/1'
1II1!J44UJ
42 01!l !I t5;t 0521101
43 1!I1!J5!1e PI lI1l' 57
1!l11l5"81'1

'GET ADDRESS OF DEVINT IN RI

~LOCKS

'GET ADD. OF DUM IN RI
'SAVE ON STACK
, SET SPOOL.ER CONTROL. REG,II

,GEl RKTCBP ADD, IN HI
'GET TCBR01 ADD. IN R2
'SETUP TCBCT TCB'S
'SET TCBRKI POINTER
'BUMP R2 TO TCBRK2

'GET SIZE OF SPOOL.ER AREA

'COMPUTE SIZE OF BIT MAP
IS IZE-NUMI!K/8+2
'GET EVEN NUMBER
'RESET CWDPTR

P-10V

BTMPAD,Rl

,(BROI12. TEMP FIX)

ADD
MOV

CSP)+,Rl
Rl,lHMPED

'ADD OFFSET TO ENO
ISET UP BTMPEO

Figure 5-1 (Cont,)
UNICHANNEL Spooler Components
5-10

NU~BER

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
SPOLll.141

MACll XYM V1A000

PAGE 7.

BEGIN DIRECTIVE

44 0'562 018101
0044C'"
45 0015e6 0115021
011101111111
46 00572 011511121

°
47 00576 0115031

oIII III 1:1

MOV

STBI<NA,Rl

'GET

MOV

StlN (Rl'll ,cRl).

1SET STARTING LOCI< "

MOV

NSt( (HI'I) , (Rl).

'SET NUMBER OF BLOCI<S

MOV

AODR~SS

OF STBKNM-4 IS Rl

'TELL PIREX SPOOLING UNIT (tlR-126)

QI(iJl!JI'IU!

0111111171'1
48 0082'A IIllt!1'I61

MOY

,COpy INTO LOCAL MEM. (SR-126)

UNIT (Rill), UN%TSP

1Il0011111!
1Il1ll1!!!5!li

SWAB
UNITSP
49 0'1512 000;''',
1/10 HI",
IIBTMP5Z,R2
MOV
150 0015115 0127111,
0003t!,
/olaV
Rl,R3
lit 00622 1111010,
CR3) +
52 00624 00151'12~ 'Ii
CLF!
DEC
R2
5~ ,fI62e 011115~H"
45
BNE
15.. 1!108~0 1110137!!1
55
, hITIALIZE TABLE
MOV
HBLAO,R1
515 001532 01ti7111t
00433.
/olOV
Rl,R3
57 0015315 01010~
/olOV
ItTAtlLSZ, R2
58 0M40 PJ121PJ'

'SET UP FOR TCB USE (tlR-126)
'GET BIT MAP SIZE IN R2

,GET ADDReSS OF TABLt IN Rl,R3,RI
,GET TABLE SIZE IN R2

00004.

(

11-1, (R3).
59 00644 012723 'Ii
MOV
177777
R2
DEC
6o 00155111 1I1111153111'
3$
BNE
61 00652 0U374
/olaV
ItLP1,(Rn
'SET LPI(DED) IN TAtlLE
62 0061541 1I112111
14211181
MOV
IICDI,COTEOF(~n 'SET COl (OED) IN UtiLE
t!~ 2'01562' 111127151
030481
0001111d
IILTl,PLTEOF(Rl) 'SET PLI (OED) IN TAtlLE
MOV
11112115.
142461
1110003111
IlI5
,SFT SPOOLER SWITCHeS
,RESET SPOOLER SWITCHES
1515 001574 0111150137 .11
C~R
'.SPU~S~
0UIU,",
BIS
"6EGSw,'"SPOLSw ,SET SPOO~E~ ENABLED AND RUNNING
157 0070111 0152737
1701110111
01111"'4"
158
,ALL SPOOLED TASKS HAVE TO BE INITIA~ISEo. OPERATIONS LIKE StTTING
611
R~SETTING SWITCHES, SETTING UP POINTERS, tlUFFERS, STARTIN~ UP
70
'TAS~ FTC. HAVE TO 6E DONE AS INOICATEO F~R EACH TAS~
71
72
.1FDF seD
73
8115
"2,'"SPOLSW
'SET CD ON UNLY If PRESENT
74
'I~rTIALrZE
CD SPOOLEF!/PESPOO~ER TASK
75
CLRB
COONCE
7e
MOY
111000,COONCE+l
77
'GET AODRESS OF LISTHU IN H2
~OY
'''LISTHO,~2
78
ICLEAR CD DEQUE TASK COOE-5
ADO
IICDCOD*4,R2
79
CA~L
EMPTP
80
MaY
'~I,NBN+TABL~+CDTEoF
81
MOVB
_1,CoCNTI
IINITIALIZE CDCNTI
e2
CLRB
CoBMS
,RESET CDBMS
83
CLRB
COBFS
8A
MOV
Rl,COCBIP
e15
CMP
(R1,., (RIl.
815
MOV
R1,CDWoIP
87
ADO
ItCDSIZE,CoWDIP ,BUMP TO NEXT CARD
88
MOV
Rl,RO
'SAVE BUFFER ADDReSS ON OTA H
ell
,SET UP TCB TO READ A CARD
CALL
STUPCT
110
.ENDC
III
.IFDF ILP
92
93
'I~rTrALIZE LP SPOOLER/oESPOOLER TASK
CLF!B
LPONCE
114 011170e 1111511167
1'1021541;,

Figure 5-1 (Cont.)
UNICHANNEL Spooler Components

5-11

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
SPOLll.I'1
MACII XVM VIA00I'J PAGE 7.
BEGIN DIRECTIVF
g~ e0112 012167
MOV
HI000,LPONCf,+1
01!J10101111
002113111
96 1'11'11201 0137OJ~
MOV
'#LISTHO,R2

IGET ADDRESS OF LISTHO IN R2

0U"'!",

97 01'172.

01!210~

(11010012111

98 ee730
0~73",

0101'1151
I'I1'1e0l215

ADO

HLPCOP*4,R2

ICLEAR loP OEQUEI

CALI.
JSR

EMPTD
PC,EMPTO

tolD V

.RI,NBN+TABLt

MOV

RI,LPCSCP

CMP
MOV

RI,~P"'OCP

CLRB

LPBMS

10111 11173. 1'111161
"''''1532'
Ii'll 074, A101157
003315"1
102 07'4 022121
11'13 0146 010UI7
003315,
104 e752 1'~M7
003343

TAS~

COOE-'

ISET NBN-CBN FOR START UP

(RIl+, (RI).

.ENoe
.IFOF SPI.
'INITIA~IZE PI. SPOOLER/OESPOOLF.R TAS~
CI.RB
PI.ONCE
MOV
Hle00,PLONCE+1
IGET AOORESS OF LISTHD IN R2
MOV
'#1.1STHD,R2
ICLEAR PI. OEQUEI TASK COOE.6
AOD
HPLCOO*4,R2
CALI.
EMPTP
MOV
'RI,NBN+TABLt+PLTEOF
ISET PI.CSCP
MOV
RI,PI.CBCP
II'
eMP
(RU+,(RI)+
1115
ISET PLWOCP
MOV
Hl,PLWOCP
1115
CI.RB
PLBMS
IRESET Pl.tlMS
111
.ENOC
1111
,ALL PONE OEtlUE NEXT REQUEST
1111
DEQREQ
120 e1!56
CALI.
PC,OEQREQ
JSR
0;r!515 "'04767
001'1,,,,
10~

108
le7
11'18
11'19
110
111
112
113

121

,EMPTY TASK DEQUE
122
EMpTl'I1
In 1'1762
.INH
12' 0162
PUSH
UPS
0162
MOV
'HPS,~(SP)
07152 013741'1
171176
e766 0152737
000H!l!
11117tl
toIOV
NtMPTY,RI
1215 11171. 0127!l!!
001!l!21'1
JSR
PC,'(RI)+
1215 10021 004731
.EN.
121 le02
POP
.IIPS
le02
MOV
(SP)+,'''PS
101'12 111121!37

,INHISIT INTERRUPTS

,EMPTY TASKS OEClUE
,ENABI.E INTERRUPTS

11117~

128 1006
le015 0047157
000'2/1
129 1012 0,01./1
130 11114
101' 111047157
l1l"i13"
13i 11'120
1021'1 0121!1'
132 11'122 !l!00207
133

JSR

FINDSK
PC,FINOSt(

MOV
I': A1.1.

G~T!!UF

CA~1.

R1,-eSp)

JSR

PC, riETBUF

POP
MOV
RETURN
.SBTTI.

(R 1)

(SP)+, (R1)
END

Figure 5-1 (Cont.)
UNICHANNEL Spooler Components

5-12

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
SPOL11.141
END
1

MAelt XVM VIA000

,THIS ROUTINE SHUTS DOWN ALL SPOOLING OPERATIONS. THE TIMER KEQUEST
,r~ ~ANCELLEO, SO'TWARE INTERRUPTS ARE IGNORED AND THE SPOL11 TASK
'I~ nlSCONNECTEO 'ROM ~IREX

2
3
4
!!I
fj

, tlHIl1024 0!l2737 "NllI
1/11'1034'"
1177711
e 001032 01371l1i
QlU I'I~~
9 0010315 QlQt!501e7
177101'1
10 01042 QlQl~1'I3'
01111M.s
11 01ue 0111~1'I6t
011101'134
12 010152 QlQl!5037
1'101101411
13 010116 042737
000:'1401
1777711
14 01084 012'1II!I

BIS
MOV

'PROTECT ROUTINE (BR-138)
IIlICL TABL, R1

,NUL.L

CLR

SPOOL~R

TIH~R

R~QUEST

,ENA8LE STOP ALL 110

CL.R

0010'''~,,,

,CLEAR DEVICEO SPOOLtO SWITCH

CLR

SPCOD*4(Rl)

eLR

IIlISPDLSI'i

IRESET SPOOLER SWITCH

BIC

'UNPROTECT TO ALLOW INTS. TO RUN DOWN (8R-138)

MOV

'ALLOW 2'" INTERRUPTS (CLOCK DR DEVICE) (aR-138)

wAIT
DEC
BNE
aIS

"LVL7,'IIPS

,WAIT FOR THEM (BR-138)
ICOUNT 20 INTS. (8R-138)
,BRANCH IF NOT 20 (BR-138l
, INHIBIT INT.

19 01104 013'01
01'111'16",

MOV

IIlITEVAOO,Rl

'FINO THE ENTRY ADDRESS

,IFOF
HOV

LPCDD*2(Rl),~2

IfIND TASK ADDRESS

STPTSK
PC,STPTSK

ISTOP THE TASK

SCO
CDCOD*2(Rl),R2
STPTSK

'STOP THE CARD READER TASK
'STOP TH~ TASK

Sf'L
PLCDO*2CRll,R2
STPTSII

ISTOP THE PLOTTER TASK

HRTURN,Rl

'GET RETURN INST. ADO IN Rl

15 0107Q1 0101001111,

(

PAGE 9

HI 010'2 "'CII!I~Pl!I
l ' 01074 Ql1'J137'"
111 01076 0!1273'
1'11/103401
1,777"

21 01110 01fjlrl"
000111101
22 01114
1'11114 00147/l7
1111'101'1 !I A
23
24
25
26

2'
28

29
30
31
32 01111111 1111270'
1/11'111'1311
33 01124 0113'0'
0011011'1,
34 01130 01116'
11101"''''111

lSi

CALL
JSFI

,ENoe
.IFOF
MOV
CAl-l.,
.ENoe
.IFDF
flDV
CALL
.ENOC
MOV

Rb
15

SLf'

MOV

IIItSEN011,R2

MOV

CRI) ,SPC;OD*2(R2l ISHUT OFF SENOll

Figure 5-1 (Cont.)
UNICHANNEL Spooler Components

5-13

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
MAe 11 XVM VI A000

SPOL.ll.1'1
fND
:55 1Il11:5. 1'121511127
IlII'1I11111M
f1UIlI",.

F'COOE(RIIl),1f4

'SEE IF THIS WAS

'BRANCH IF IOPSUC 20
'TEL.L. SPDL.lb DONE

:511 11111'2 f11l1l"'~5
:57 11111 ... I1IU7f1t
01l11l11101
:58 0l11i1!l 11J1271'1'
11I1lIl1ll2.
3D 0115 .. I'lfl'7:5'
.111 111111511
'-Ii
IIIll!l1l 1'l1l1l7f15
11I11!l11l 11111271l1!5

BNE
MOV

"l,Rl

MOY

UEN015,R2

JaR

PC,'(R2).
TCBOlS,RS
PC,R5
"TCBOIS-. ,R5

'1 1111111.

%REQ
MOV

IIlGl~5'2

0lllS. I1IU7G1A
111l11l!l!!!I'"
0"70 1l1'l11l1ll1!14
1111172
"'!!It
13117:5
111111111

':5 0117. 1l0i57f1, n"T~1(1
•• 11111711 0I!J14U
.5 111 121!11l 1l1/l5711,
17777.
.11 U204 UI III 1 III
.,. 01211111 f1I1'2f1~
'8 1II12lf1 122713
Ullllllfl7
'D 1Il1214 I1IUIlII'I"
15111 I1IUIII 1IIf15!1!l'
151 1IJ1220 1II!1!51114;
52 11l12U Ql05~7'177771'1
15:5 0122!1 p)1!I01!1117 ui

ADR
MOY
ADD

"END" OR IUPSUC 20 (BH-138)
(BR-l~8)

'SET FA

'SEND REQUEST

lOT
.BYTE
TST

,(GAR-l'l) IS TASK IN EXISTENCE?
,(GAR-l.1) 8RANCH If NOT.
, PDP"l1 REQUEST?

BEQ
TST

"II (R2)

BPL.
MOV
CMPB

-CR2),R:5
":lPCOD,IR3

BNE
CL.R
CL.R
CL.R

,NO .- IGNORE
,yES •• TEST FOR SPOL.L.ER REQUEST?

'R2
-CR2)
,STOP TASK (CL.EAR TC8 ADR
1-2(R2)
'STOP DEVICE FROM INTERRUPTING

RETURN

155

Figure 5-1 (Cont.)
UNICHANNEL Spooler Components

5-14

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
SPO~II.141
HArl!
UTI~ITY ~OUTrN!S

XVH 1I1A01110
.SBTT~

1
3
4

CA~O

II
15

7
8
D

pe,Ml
sTupeT' MOV
IITCBeD ... , R1
ADD
SlUeOH
BR
.ENDe
.IFDF SI.P

11
14

'GET ADDRESS OF TeBeo IN Rl

,ENTER COMMON ROUTNINE

's~,

III
16
17
18 0132111 lill 11170 , STIJn T.
111 01322 Pl1527P1\
01111138,
U 1Il13215 Pl1II1'l41'1~
21
22
23

2D
30
31

,
UP TCB TO WRITt A L.INE ON I.P
HOV
BUFAO,R5
,,,CALLING SEQUENCE I CALL

12
13

(

UTII.ITY ROUTINES

.IFDF SCD
,
FMOM eo
,8FT UP TCB TO READ A
HOV
BUFAD,R5
,,'CALLING SEQUENCE
CALL
STupeT

24
211
215
27
28

PAtiE 11

STUP~T

HOV
ADD

PC,R1
IITCBLP-.,Rl

'GET ADDRESS OF TCHL.P IN Rl

STueOM
BR
.ENDC
.IFDF SPI.

'8~T UP TCB TO WRIT~ A_I.XIIIE ON PL
HOV
BUFAO,R5
,CALLING SEQUENCE I
CAl.I.
STUPPT

sTuPI'IT' HOV
ADD
.ENDC
PlU!!15. STIJCnM. MOV

PC,Hl
IITCBPI.-or Rl

'GET ADDRESS OF TCBPI. IN R1

1111110~1'"

1111111 UIIII
111111 15M ,
001111111114

37
38

3D
40

41
42

4 (R1)

,RESET REv
'SEIliD

lOT
.BVTE

I1I1;U15 Ql1II1II1!!0"

315

R1 ,H5

lREQ
MOV

111127111 ..
1111111111111111

1Il135111
OIIII!
013151
OIIIJI!!
35 01382 01110'1111

Mall

CLR

RETURN

,8FT UP DISK TCB TO READ A BI.OCK wITIi 1110 INTERRUPTS & RETURN ADDM~SS
,
CAI.I.ING StQUENCEI
ADR
BUFf,R4
AOR
... CBN,R3
TeBOK-,R2
ADR
CALL.
STUf'DT
I

,,
I

43 01311 .. 0U'-III!I ST'IP"T I MOV
44 013118 022'-2'
CMP
415 01315\11 011151112'
CI.R

R2,R!)
(R2)+, (R2)+

(M2) +

'SAVE TCBP IN R5
,BUMP TO HEV
,RESET REV

Figure 5-1 (Cont.)
UNICHANNEL Spooler Components

5-15

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
SPO~tt.t41
MArl' XVM VtA0Q10 PAGE 12.
FINO A FREE A~~CK nN DISK
RI,H3
42 01556 ~20t0~
CMP
!5bS
43 01560 101~6A
8HI

44
,
45 01562 1'11 4 11'1' 7S1
45
, c
47 01554 1'110'6,

001!131d
48 015701 1'11'1520'
49 01572 04110' Asi
50 01574 050'11
!II 1111578 o1I1I,A7

00030d

52 1111602 166'1'11
1'11'1336'"
53 1111606 10570,
54 0l6Ul 0PJI~OI'

ee 01612 1'1015'111'

56 I1l1 6 14 1'101530 t 8S,
57 01616 03270'
58 01622

1'Q1~I'!'"

1'11'11411"
005'(lI,
'960 01624
01625 I'HHl301 9S:

51 01630 111327111'
14631d
62 01634 00140\
63 01636 PJPJ5,Qlt
64 01640 01116 3D" I 0!1 :
65 1111642 1113270'
1252!52
66 01646 00141!"
67 011550 011152111,
68 1111652 111867111' 11"
111111341.
/l9
I c ~ c
70

-(Hl) ,R2

MOV
~

MOV

Rt,CWDPTR

'BACK UP TO GET COpy OF ~AP ~ORO
c ~ C > ENO Of EDIT Nt3~
'SAVE FIND POSITION fOR NEXT TIME CALLED

INC
BIC
BIS
MOV

R2
(Rl),R2
R2, (Rll
R2,CBTPTR

'SETS FIRST ZERO 8IT IN WORDII
'CLEAR ALL REST,LEAVING BIT ~OR OUR BLDK
'SET BIT IN MAP
'REMEMBER BIT FOR NEXT TIME

SUB

BTMPAD,Hl

,BYTE INDEX FOR FOUND BLOCK

lIS BIT IN LOW HAL.F Of WORD
rvuP, NO CHANGE
'IN HIGH HALf, INC BVTE COUNT
'NIBBL.E (4 BIT) INDEX FOR FIND
115 BIT IN HIGH NIBBL.E OF BYTE

TSTB
BNE
INC
ASL.
BIT

11\ 70360, R2

BEQ
INC
ASL
BIT

Rt
Rt
IH453t4,R2

BEQ
INC
UL
BIT

Rt
Rt
111252152, R2

'NO, NO CHANGE
'YES, SO INCR CRUMB COUNT
INOw HAVE BIT COUNT FOR BLOCK
'IS 8IT IN HIGH BIT OF CRUMP

BEQ
INC
ADD

tll
Rt
STBKNM,Rl

INO, NO CHANGE
'YES, SO ADO ONE
'AND FINALLY ADO ~Of FIRST MAPPED BL.OCK

• c

Rt
Rt

'NO, NOCHANGE
,VES, SO INCH NIBBLE COUNT
'CRUMB (2 BIT) INDEX POR fOUND BL.OCK
, IS BIT IN HIGH CRUMB Of MI~BLE

C > C •

C •

C ~ C ~

C •

END Of EOIT H133

,T~E F~LLOWING PIECE OF CODE CHECKS TO SEE IF THE CURRENT BLOCK TO BE
'ALLnCAT~D TO THE CURRENT SPOOLING TASK EQUAL.S THE CBN OF THIS
,DF.SPOOL.ING TASK'IF THIS IS TRUE, THEN THE 'SPOOLER IS OECLA~ED FLOODED'
ITHI~ HAPPENS ONL.V ON A WRAP AROUNO(ENTIRE SPOOL.ER AREA IS TREATED AS A
IRTNr. BUFFER)WHEN SPODL.ING OPERATIONS ARE WAY AHEAD Of DESPOOLING OPERATIONS

73
74
715

76
7'1
78
79

' ••••• NDTEI AS NEW TASKS ARE ADDED NEW CODE HAS TO bE ADDED •••••
, •••••••••• SIMIL.AR TO THE CODE fOR EXISTING TASKS ••••••••••••••

81
82 11111556 11600'
11111101111'1'

83 01662 12270,
111 00 III DI 4
84 011556 0111141 t
85 01ti7~ 1227o,
0"'0:?1'!~

86 0167. 11101411
87 01676 1227DH!
01110 1'lO115
88 01702 I'IDJUI!!
89 0171'14 0167"',

MOVB

2(RfIl),R2

'GET CURRENT TASK COOE

eMF'B

HL.pCOD,R2

,~P?

BEQ
CMF'B

~CDCOD.200,R2

90 01710 0111040~
91 01712 01670' '\.,
11JDI3'51!

92 1111716 111"'04111'
93
,
94 01720 01(57o, ,2"
01113'15"

95 01724
96 01724 1112011'
'in 01726 01111041111
99 1111730
01131'1 11I12A3'
17777A

~0'1

,6"

21$

'NO. CD?

BEQ
C:MPB

225

HPl.COD,R2

INO. PL?

BNE
MOV

265
TABPLC,R2

nES

BR
Jo10V

305
TABPCB, H2 .

3f1lS

MOV

UBCDC, R2

eMP
BEQ

Rl,(R2)

POP
MOV

UPS
CSP).,'HPS

DlIIIJ2(511

ge 01730

,DID wE GET TO BEGIN~ING wDRU
'YES, NO BITS, SET UP FOR 'EHROR'

'OEBUG,UNPROTECT

Figure 5-1 (Cont.)
UNICHANNEL Spooler Components
5-16

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
SPOLII.141
MACII XVM VIA000 PAGE 12+
FINO A FREE BLOCK "N DISK
'RETURN WIT~ BLOC~ H ON STAC~
100
RETURN
101 17:54 II)ClJ0l!1II7
102
,S"RRY NO BLOCK FREE?? SETUP TO HALT CURR~NT OPtRATION
10:5
, c • < • c • < ~ c ~ < ~ c ~ < • c >c • START Of EDIT HI35
104
MOV
A~ND~K,R3
,ADoR 'FINU~K"
E~TER WHEN NO BLOCK
1015 11:56 1II1B70~ 55.1
111013215111
R2
'STACK NOW
IENTER PS/CALL ~CI
POP
105 17"2
(SP)+,R2
MDV
17112 01261112
,MAKE
IT
IfNTER
PS/ADoH FINuMK/CALL PC
R3
PUSH
101 1144
R3,-CSP)
MOV
1744 010341"
'AND HOPE IT FALLS THRU 5 OK
R2
PUSH
108 1146
ROl,-CSP)
MOV
1746 010248
>
c • c • END Of EDIT HI35
•
<
•
<
>
<
•
c
•
<
•
c
•
c
1011
, c
,oEBUG,GET OLD PS,BR HERE 1 ~LK LEFT
MOV
CSP),R2
11~ 1750 1111160' ~$I
MDV
2(SP),(SP)
'DE8UG,SET UP PC
III 17152 I'1l6f!tI'!
000010'
,OEBUG,SET PS
MOV
R2,2CSP)
112 17!51!! '" U,66
00001111'
R0
PUSH
113 17 15 2
R0,-CSP)
I"OV
1762 01!iltUII
Rl
PUSH
II" 17604
R1,"CSP)
MDV
11604 010I04f1!
R2
PUSH
1115 1155
R2,-CSP)
MOV
1766 0 U,04"
R3
PUSH
1115 1710
R3,-(SP)
MOV
1770 010:'41"
PUSH
R4
117 1772
RA,-eSP)
MOV
1112 010.046
R~
PUSH
118 17104
RIi, .. CSP)
MOV
17711 11110"10411
'HCTLCT,SoCTSV 'SAVE CURRENT COUNT OF PDP-II CTL 'CIS
MOV
1111 1776 013767

(

MArl1 XVM V1A000 PAGt 17
SPOLll.141
TASK SOFTWARE tNTEIIRllPT DISPATCHER

'S~NnI5 IN PIREX TRANSF~RS CONTROL TO DEVINT BY A "CALL 'SfN011C-COo*2)"
,IF REQUESTED IN TC~. THIS Is DONE BY A CODE Of '3' IN BYTE-3
,OF TI:B. SPOOLER SETS THE ADDRESS OF DEVINT IN SENDII WHEN START~D

2
3

,,
,
8 IHl27604 02271501

04
15

e
7

nEvIIIIT' CMP

111"-'0.,,01
.,,00"-'04
11 002772 111011"12'
10 ~277 04 12271501
0C1J0,OI,
0000111'

II ~:511l02 0ClJI0417
12 0:5011104 12276111
01110204
1111/101/10,

13 03012 0t11104015
104 0:50104 12276111
0&:1102015
000011112

115 03022 11)010411104
16 030204 00111161
17

1II"'1"~

,GOOD COMPLtTION??

Hl,4(R0)

BNE
CMPB

,BRANCH IF NO
55
JRK REQ.?
HHKCOD+200,TCOOE(R0)

BEQ
CMPB

RKINT
HLPCOD+200,TCDOE(R0)

'LP REQ?

sEQ
CMPB

25
HCDCOD+Ol0111,TCDDE(R0)

'CO REQ?

flEQ
JMP

JMP

LPINT

JMP

tDINT

PUNT

,
J

19 03030 11)00,67 " I

1110053'
20

21 030304 0"'0115"

1111'12"'14

2:5
204
"liB I
25 11)3041/1
26 1/1:50.40 11101111::>017
27
28

RETURN
.SBTTL

RK INTERRUPT SERVICE

Figure 5-1 (Cont.)
UNICHANNEL Spooler Components
5-17

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
SPOLl1.141
MAe!1 XVM V!A000
RK INTERRUPT SERvICE
I

PAGE 19

2
lOTlIl( WRITE REQUEST WAS MADE
3
I
MOV
12(R0),Rl
4 11103312 1!IlIIIIIIH WRTT!,:I
1!J(lJl/J1II1'
RI, H3
MOV
15 1110331 II 1!Il0t1!13
(R I).
CLR
II 1!le34f11!1 00511121
(N I)
CLR
7 111Q134fl2 111M",!!
GIVflUF
8 0034f114
CALL
PC,IOIVBUF
JSR
1!le340<4 0047117

lHOIell
$I

1/lI!I34U 1'-278111
11101001011
11111100128

IIII11U51l1
122'1801
1111110 PI!!!!J
1!100UII

12 03<4211 I!IU43('1
13

18
17

18
U
2eI 03<43111 0187111!
1IlI1I15811

FOR A SPOOLED DEVICE
/ GET BUFFER ADDRESS IN RI I
'RESET HWOS

eMPB

NPLCOD,DTCDOE(R0)

SEQ
CMPB

NCOCOO,DTCODE(R0)

431

'REQ MADE FOR PL DEV?

,REQ MADE FOR CD DEVI

BEQ
42S
.IFNDF SLP
UOEV8T,RI
MDV
'REPORT TASK NOT SUPPORTED
IIIOPS77,lPSPER(RI)
MOVB
RETURN
.ENDt
.IFDF SLP
REQUEST MADE FOR lP
MDV
LPBMSA,Rl
'RESET LPIlMSA

21 03434 1015111 l '

122 034311 11118'11115

CLRB
MOV

(RI)
TABLAD,R5

1lI1111!13n1
23 03<4"2 I!IIIIPl8!'1

MOV

II (Rill) , LSB (R5)

MOV

LPO~AD,R3

TSTB
BNE
INca
INCB
CALL
JSR

DONE
(f/lI).
(R3)
GETIlUF
PC,GETBUF

PUSH
MOV

IIL.PCOD
IIL.PCOD, .. (SP)

'SETUP FOR GETPUT SAVE DEV CoDE

.ENDt
PUSH
MOV

IIf/UDF
IIHEAD',"CSP)

/SAVE DISK FUN.

PUSH
MOV
PUSH

RI
RI,"(SP)
NtlN(RI5)

ISAVE BUFFER ADO

'SET LSB IN TABLE

tllPlI/JIIIg,.

1111110111U1
2" 0:5415, I1It 1i7111~
tIIGll "11111
215 03415" 1I!I5'1!3
211 03"1511 11101341
21 034110 1'15'-23
128 03'112 1t/I5U3
211 03<4114
03.84
30 03470
03471!J flJl274i1!
1lI1!101111!14

32 03414
4411
03414 11112""/1
IIII!J0U4

33 031500
03500 0101411
3" 031502

,GET ADD OF LPBMS IN R3
'FIRST TIME THROUGH??

(fill)

'VESt SET SW.
ISET L.PBMD
'GET A BUFfER

ISAVE BL.OCK /I

Figure 5-1 (Cont.)
UNICHANNEL Spooler Components

5-18

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
8POLll.141
~Arl1 XVM V1AI01
PAGE 19+
R~ INTERRUPT S~RvIef
83502 018548
MOV
NHN(R!),~(Spl
0111001411
GET~I<T
CALL
35 03508
Pc:,GI!TRKT
JSR
U51/115 1",'47157
1770511
GfTPIJT
CALL
38 03512
PC:,GETPUT
JSR
03512 0144787
17857.
IH0,SP
ADD
37 035115 08270111
00011l1f1
38 83522 1Il"071'
311

48 83524 01370\
001I/!!'lfl
'1 1113530 112'151
I/! 00 111 77

BR
'2~1

0011l1ll43
'2 035315 011l021!17'

••'5
'15

'W~ITE

A2,1

''1
'8

411
5 III

!51
52
53

!I,

55
!lIS

57
58
511
11111
151
112 035'(11 1Il1371!11 ,3,1
otil 1 (Il!'llll
153 0354. 112781
IIl00l11n
14 III III III !I \
64 83552 00111207

156

15'1
158
51)

'1 III
'11
'12
73
7.

IGET BLOCK
'CL.EAN STACK
'CHECK REV & EXIT

DON~

.IFNDF SCo
MOV
,.otVST,Rl
MOVB

IGET A RK TCH

NIOPS'7,COSPtRr~ll

RETURN
.ENoC
.IFDF SCD
REQUEST MADE FOR CD
MOV
COBMSA,~l
CLRB
(Hll
MOV
TASCOT,R5
MOV
B(R0),LSB(R5J
MOV
CoONAO,R4
TSTB
(R4)
BNE
DONI:
INCB
(H.)
INCB
1 (R4)
CALL
GETHUF
MoV
Rl,'(R4)
CALL
GETBUF
PUSH
NCoCOO
BR
44S
.ENDC
.IFNOF SPL
MOV
,.oI:VST,Rl
MOVB

'SET LSB IN TABLE
IVES. COONCE-0?
ISET COONCE
'SET COHMS
'GET A BUFFER
'SET CoOBCP
'SAVE DEV.COOE FOR GETPUT
'ISSUE REAO REQUEST

,REPORT TASK NOT SUPpORTED

,RESET PL.BMSA
ISET LSB IN TABLE
,GET ADD OF PLBMS IN R3
,FIRST TIME THROUGH??

Figure 5-1 (Cont.)
UNICHANNEL Spooler Components

5-19

SUP~ORTEO

'SET CoBMO

NI0PS17,PLSPERCR1)

RETURN
.ENoC
.IFDF SPI.
,w~ITE REQUEST MADE FOR PI.
MOV
PLBMSA,Rl
.3~1
CLRB
C~ll
MOV
TABPLA,H5
MOV
B(R0),LSB(R!)
MOV
PLONAD,~3
TSTB
(R3)
SNE
DONI:

,HEPORT TASK NOT

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
SPOL.ll.141
MAel' XVM V1A000
L.P INTERRUPT S!RvII".E

PAGE 21

,
ROUTINE HANDL.ES COMPL.ETION OF I/O SOFTWARE INTERRUPT
THE
PIREX. IT DESPOOL.S THE SPOOLED DATA ONTO THE L.p.
,'DRIVER TASK IN SL.P

'THI~

4
II

8 111035154
lPnUMII
7 0035155
"'1111'1 L.p"NeEI
8 11I1!1355e
1'1 III III lPRMn:
; 1Il035157
lPI'IUFSI
10 0;'5150 III III 0 1'101'1 lPrBTPI
11 111;'5152 oIII 01110 III LPwDTPI
12 03564 oIII 1110 III I.PIIB yp I
13
14

"'Ill'"

HI
UI

LPTNTI

19
2111
21
22
23 035156 IU 117'" 1 LPfNTI
00143.
052737
00024'"

1777715

25 03/500 022711
177777
215 03/5~4 001111\ 4
27 03606 01810;'

t1~ :

~ROM

.IFOF
.BYTE
.BYTE
.BVTe:
.BYTE

'UNUSED
lONCE ONL.Y SW
,BI.OCK IN MOTION SW
,EMPTV BU~F~R COUNT
,CURRENT BUFFER POINTER
'CURRENT WORD POINTER
,NEXT BUFFER POINTER

III

o
III

'.ENDC
"

.IFNDF SL.P
MOV
''fDEVST,Rl
MOVS
.lOPS77,L.PSPtR(Rl)
RETURN
.ENOC
.IFOF SL.P
MOV

,REPORT

TAS~

NOT

SUPPDRT~O

TABCRT,Rl

BIS

'INMIBIT DISK INTERRUPTS

CMP

."l,(Rt)

RNE
MOV

L.PDNAD,R3

IANY MORE TO DO?

,GET C(LPCBIP) IN R3

III1'l135fl1

28 03612 1015023

2; 03614 11'1151'12'
036115 1111!5"2~
;'1 111;'62, 1/I11~1'I~
:52 03622
03522 IIIIIl4767

\76114!!'

03626 042737
0111011101
01')\111415
34 03634 ",IIIIl:!07
;,e 03636 111015711
36 03641/1 0U '" 4'
37 0;'6'2 0te70'
;'3

CL.RB
CL.RB
INCB
MOV
CAl-I.
JSR

(R3) •
(R3) ,"3
GIVBUF
PC,GIVBUF'

RIC

III ,nSPOLSW

'NO, SET L.P IDI.E SW

(lH)

'YES. BL.OCK IN MOTION?

RETURN
TST
BNE
MOV

40 03654 105244
41 1'J361515 101576.

'RESET SW.IS
'BUM!> TO L.PBUFS
'REL.EASE BUI'!'",
'GIVE BACK

BU~FER

I.PCPAD,R4

ISK-124 VES. GET ADD OF L.l-PCPADBIP IN R2

foIO"

(R4) , R3
GIVBUI"
PC,GIVBUF

IREI.EASE BU~FER

CAL.L.
JSR
INCB
TSTB

.. (R4)
-I (R4)

1Il013152

;'8 031546 01140~
;'9 0315151'1
0315151'1 IHI4787
176(H"

(1'(3) •
(1'(3) •

'BI.OCK READ IN?

Figure 5-1 (Cont.)
UNICHANNEL Spooler Components

5-20

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
HArl!
SERVlr.E
177117

SPO~II.141
~P INTERRUPT

42 0311112 00140!'1
43 031115 ..
nllll .. 00"7157
17!1~3111

044 03157111 000172

<IS 031572
.. Si
415 031172 01670\
I'Il'In3".

131671l.,
013238",
00123S,

0127e1
013011104
002H"I
A9 21371:2

11I107111~

S0 03714 0!!I27".!'I
1"IlI5".

!II 03120 0113134
S2 03122 016461
111007' I'!
002332
S3 2137321 01117111'
13012114
e<l 03134 01132'
!IS 037311 131131'
ell 2137"0 05271'
13130001 ..
S7 03744 00041'
S8 037'" 1'11670'
011111'34
1551 037!12 01"4(11
11100(11(11'"
111/127111
U00101'1
61 03752 04271/1
117 401
82 11I371l6 01l11l11
63 03770 1382111'
64 03772 032737 "JS.
0401l10'"
U11II4"1
8S 040111111 0"'171'
ell 04002 032737
0011'1"'1'1\
I/I0U4i11
001701"1
032737
011111'113".
0011'14"1
0U7111"
130517,
"'".0111111",
11 1/J<il/J215 0010124
72 1114030 012111/5\
17777/1
0011101114
73 041/13/1 0010103
74 04040
1114041'1 131347117
01110241'1
7S 0413 .... 01001111'"
711 0'0"11 011l713' , .. "
01111 til)!
77 11140152 01127111'
01301'10'
78 11141111511 12271'
1300"'0\
7g 111411152 0012117
81'1 0'06 .. 1I'IS711,
11777'1
81 041117o 0012154

~VH

VI6000

PAG~

21+

BEQ

CA~~

JSR

WAlTBK
PC,IoAITSK

105

HOV

'DEBUG

MOV

TABLE.NBN,TA~LE+CBN

HOV

114,TAB~I:+CRP

MOV
ADO

PC,R3
IILPOBIP ... ,R3

'GET LPOBIP ADD. IN R3

HOV
HOV

(H3),R4

TWD1CR4),TAB~E+NBN

'GET C(LPOBIP) IN R3 & BUMP TO TWOl
,SET ~P.NBN

MOV

LPCf'AD,R2

HOV
MOV
ADD

(H3) , (R2) +

(N3) • (R2)
.. , CR2)

BR
MOV

55
I.PCWAD,R2

MOV

IItR2) , .. CSP)

ADD

III),CSP)

BIC

11177401, (SP)

ADO
ADD

BIT

(8P),(Rl)
'BUMP CRP
(SP).,(R2)
'BUMP LPWOIP
1140000,'IISPOLSW ISHUT DOWN?

BEQ
BIT

II!,'IISPOLSW

AEQ
BIT

1110000"IISPO~S~

ISMUT OESPOOl.ER

BEQ
TST

25
'CR2,

'FIRST RECORD 4 .CLOSE?

liNE
eMP

-2(Rl),4(RI)

IANY HORE DATA?

145
125
PC,125

,NO. SET TASl.E ENTRIES

lIS

'RESET SWITCHES & EXIT
lOEBUG'SK-124 GET LPBUFS AORHESS

BNE
CA~L

JSR
BF!

MOV

'SET CRP

,GET ADO. Of

LLPCPAD~IP

IN H2

'SET LPCBlp
'SET LPWOIP
'SEND WRITE REQ IF NOT SMUT UOWN
,GET ADO OF LPWOIP IN R2

'EVEN BYTt COUNT

ISHUT I.P?

13S

LPONAD,R2

,OEBUG'SK .. 124

ADD
CMPB

III, ,R2)

,DEBUG,SK"124 ONE

BNE
TSTS

I~S

-I (foI2)

,SK-t24
,OEBUGISK-124 YES,

BNE

1~5

'SK"124

Figure 5-1 (Cont.)
UNICHANNEL Spooler Components

5-21

FRE~

BUfF~H?

~LOCK

IN MOTION?

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
8PO~ll.l'1
~p INTERRUPT

~AClt

xv", V1A000

S!RVlr.E

12 1411172
111.11172 111847S7
IIIA014ft
I! 0'078 fllllfleS,
54

815
811 1411111 1II11~~~ t!t'
17 IU1Il2
"'11112 efl'781

CAL.L.
JSR

15K-124 NO. GET NEXT

18K-124 REI.EASE BUFfER & WAlT FOR BI.OCK TO COME lIN

~I.OCK

MOV
CAL.I.
JSR

IIR2,R!!
5TUPI.T

18 fl'lIle 01871111
0181114

MOV

fABCRT,Rl

eg "'1112 011204
D" 0'11' 0t7I?ft

~OV

(H2)

MOV

"CR2),-C5P)

ICMECK FOR ~UFFER EMPTY
IGET 8YTE COUNT

AOO

II!!,CSP)

IEVEN 8YTE COUNT

8IC

'1177Ul, CSP)

ADO
MOV
ADO

C8p).,R4
PC,R2
IIl.p8UF S... , R2

18UMp R4 TO POINT TO PT WORD OF NEXT
IND. GET ADO O~ I.P8UFS IN R2

gil 041'0 1IIPJ5714
g7 0'1'2 001'17
De fI'14. 02271A

TST
8EQ
CMP

(R4)

ILAST RECORD?

DD 04U" 0IIl101t4
10fl '1152 1221111
111001'11111
101 '1158 tlllllUI!
102 'Ue 1057.,
103 '1112 IU?2A

BEQ
CI'IP8

8NE

!!Ies

1715~1~

U011!fll'l
Dl U1U 01127UI
111001'1"!!!
D2 fI'1I2. 0.27111
1 77 o1(IJ \
D! 041!1II 08281'1,
g. 04U2 111107111
D15 1II'1!. 011270'
177 '2~

1""""

TST8

8NE
CMP

1001 4ItIl. 0215181
177.,7t1

IND. SAVE BUfF ADD ON STAC~
18ET UP TCB TO UNTI ~ I.INE

pC,STUP~T

,R.

"-l,CR4)
Ill, CR2)

Il.P8UFhl

- (R2)

IYES. BI.OCK IN NEXT?

-2(Rl) ,4(R1)

INO. MORE TO ODE

!!Iras

(C~N.1.88,

00011H11.
8EQ
U15 4172 00182'"
!!Iras
gS
1es 417"
CALL
15K-124 GET NEXT BI.OCK
J5R
PC,IIS
'17. 111047S7
00"111,,,
BR
107 '2U IUSU
'SK-124 EXIT
Us
10D
110
IBuFFER EMPTY I TE8T IF MORE ~I.OCK TO DO?

111 .212 0261t11 tiS.
171771'1
0000111.
112 .210 001'1'
11! '212 01/l!!~11
11' .21. 1227"

oIII 0111 " 1

CMp
BEQ

CMP8

Ill, (H2)

CLR

H!l .22111 III11l111!fl4

BNE

118 '222 10157.,
117 '22' 1'I1'll1l!"'I

TST8

1111 .22S

'228 1110'''S1
11111101'11'1

IMORE TO DO? (C8N-I.SB)

(R 1)

-(R2)

18K-12" SET CRP."
Il.p8UFSal1

181.0CK IN TRANSIT?

BNE

,SK-124

CAI.~

liS

'SK-124 GET NEXT BI.OCK

JSR

pC,ilS

Figure 5-1 (Cant.)
Spooler Components

UNICHM~NEL

5-22

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
8POLll,141
MAe I' )tVM VIA011J1IJ PAGE 21+
LP INTERRUPT A~Rvlr.E
~ilS
JMP
1111 4U2 1!lfI01tS1 81,
l".n8
120
,Nn MORE BLOCKS TO 00
1S,
121 '2311
42311 0041151
011101114,"
122 '242 00071:'\
123

CAL.L.
JSR

US
PC, US

,SK-125

'SET TABL.E tNTRIES

,GFT NEXT BLOCK

1215

lIS ,
128 'U'
.U4 1I10U(II
121 .2411
'12411 01024(11
128 '2D0
.2DfI 0047111
111511111
1211 4215. 010104
130 '21511
421111 012802
1:51 '2150
42110 012801
1:52 42112 010.151
11721(11
133 421111 1I!I5U,
134 .210 1I1210:'\
00011104
1311 4274 01010'
138 4218
'2111 0041151
011!0 1!10 (I
131 '31112 000201

MOV
CALL
JSR

Rl
Rl,- (5P)
R2
R2,-CSP)
GET8UF
PC:,IiETBUF

MOV
POP
MDV
POP
MOV
MOV

Rl,R4
R2
(8P)+,R2
Rl
(5P)+,Rl
R4,LPOBIP

'SAVE BUFAD IN R4

INCB
MOV

(~2J

"L.PCOO,R3

'SET LPBMS 5W
,GET DEV,COOE IN 1'3, FOR GETBLK

MOV
CALL
JSR

Rl,R2
GETBL.I<
PC,GfTBL.K

'GET LP,CRP ADD. IN R2
,GET BLOCI< 1'1'0101 DISK

PUS~

MOV
PUS~

"'ES. GET BUFFER & READ NEXT BL.OCK

'SET LPOBJP

,SK-124

RETURN

138

1311 .30.
12Sl
14e 4304 012111
11"""
141 '310 0121151
1,.,,.11

MOV

"-l,'Rl

'SET CRP·-l

MOV

""l,I5(Rl)

, SET L.FB"l

'UI0U/!

1.2 4315 011102'"
143
14.
145

RETURN
.ENOC
,SBTTL

LP CALL

~ERvlCE

Figure 5-1 (Cont. )
UNICHANNEL Spooler Components

5-23

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
MAr,ll XVM V1A000
5POL.11.141
L.P CAL.L. SERVICE

PAGE 22

1
3

IT~IS

ROUTINE SERVI~ES CALL.S TO OUTPUT OATA ONTO TME LP. IT
lOATA SENT BY THE CALL.ER ONTO TME DIS~.

e 00<13~0

00f11 LPnUMCI
7 00<1321
LPFIMSI
II 00<1322 11100",,,,,,, LPrBCPI
" 00<1324 0010010'" LPwOI".PI
10 043211 1I!I!II1IDlrilCil LP"Br.PI
11
12
13
14
115
LPOI LI
16
17
Ie
19
20 01133", 0HUI LPeALLI
21 043:5~ 0:52737
11I2001M
A"'I01A!'!
22 04340 11I014:5~
2:5 04342
04342 A 101411
24 043.4 0U\"',
215 0113411 010104
211 04315", 015010~
01!10A1'"
27 04315. 0",6301:5
ti!8 0.31511 011:570:01
01110'114'"
29 04362 11130'
30 043511 01127~1:'
0011101015
31 0<1370 0<12701,
1" 41111
32 043741 0110201
33 043711 IIIlll1A'1
:54 04400
0.400 014!'lM!
315 04402 001112""
35 04404 11121101
37 04406 02270\
00111177"1
:58 04412 0024111'
:5SI 04414
1/144111 0047117
111111031511
40 0442111
04420 0121104
41 04422

"'0'"

.IFOF
,BYTE
,BVTE

0Q10~"QI

,
1 QI!!II

THE

SLP

o
o

'UNUSED
,BLOCK IN MOTION SW
'CURRENT BUfFER POINTER
,CURRENT WORD POINTER
'NEXT BuFF POINTER(OUMMY)

'.ENOC
"

,IFNDF SL.P
fIIIDEVST,R1
MOV
11477, LPSPER (H 1)
MOVB
DEQREQ
CALL
,ENDC
,IFOF SLP
-(Rl),-(Rl)
'POINT R1 TO LPWDCP
CMP
1120000,'.SPOLSW 'SHUT SPOOLER?
BIT
BEQ
PUSM
MOV
MOV
MOV
MOV

US
IH

'SAVE Rl.

Rl,"(SP)
ClUJ ,Rl

'GET CONTENTS OF LPwOCP IN Rl,R4

R1, R.

10(R0),R3

IGET CALL.ER BUF. AOD. IN R3

ASL
ADD

R3
'"MEMSIZ,R3

,REL.OCATE ADD.

MOVB
ADO

(R3) , R2
"!S,R2

,GET BYTE COUNT FRO~ BUFFER IN R2
IADD HWO BYTE COUNT. EVEN BYTE COUNT

BIC

11177401,R2

ADO
MOV
PUSH
MOV
ASR
SUB
CMP

R2,FU
(SP) ,RS
R2
(SP)+,Rl
"HIII,RI

BLT
CALI.
JSR

COPBUF
PC,COPBUF

'BUMP LPWDCP BY THE SIZE OF NEXT RECD.
'GET LPWOCP ADD. IN R4
'POINT TO LPCBCP & SAVE CONT. OF LPCBCP ON STACK

.. (R5)

• (Rll) , . esP)

ICONVERT TO WORD COUNT
ICOMPUTE SP~CE REM.
'SPACE L.EFT1

,COPY CALL.ER BUFFER
ITEMP SAVE HI IN R2

POP
MOV
CAL.L.

'CHECK FOR .CLOSE

SPOL.11.141
MAC 11 XVM V1o\000 PAGE 22+
LP CAL.L. SERVrr:"
PC,bS
0.422 00<17e7
JSR
42 044211 OltIJ0UI!
43
44 0.43Q1 012711Q1

~POOLS

INO

MOV

,,-51110,4(R0)

'SPOOL.ER SHUT DOWN. REPORT

1772lII0I

011J0Q1IJ4
Rt
PUSH
415 04436
Rl,-CSP)
0.436 IJ 101411
t'OV
DEQI'lQ
46 044.1/1 0Q10U!7
JMP
174!'17"
4,
lLAST RECORD WAS NOT A .CL.DSE
-(Rl)
48 04<14. 005741 I'ISI
TST

,DUMMY

,POINT R1 LPCBCP

Figure 5-1 (Cont.)
UNICHANNEL Spooler Components

5-24

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
SPO~11.141

CAU

MAell XVM V14000
MOV
TST
MOV
SUB
eMp

R1, R2
(Rl) ,"1
(R2) ,Rl
N770,Rl

'SAVE IN R2
,BUMP Rl LpWDCP
'GET CURRENT WORD ADD. IN Rl
'GET REMAINNING N OF ~ORDS
'SPACE ~EFT?

BGT
MOV
ADO

25
PC,Rl

,GET AOO. OF

c~"

fI (R 1)

,NO. PUT BUfFER ON DISK

CALI.
JSR

FINDt!K

,GET OISK BLOCK N

159 04!H!2

PUSH
tolD V

MOV

Rl
Rl,-(SP)
I.PCBCP,R2

'SAVE BLOCK N ON STACK

041502 010141'1
110 0451114 1'111511'1,
177f1l1'
151 041511'1 111111115,
IIUl01711
112 0.51. 1'I121111~
0001'11114
153 04!120 018101
1'11'11'147'"
114 1'14524 11'1521 1
1115 04!126
045215 0047117
1111'11'1371'1
ell 04532 1'111170'
"'111044/5
157 04!1315
~Sl
0.536 1'104761
175",,-,

MOV

(51'), TWDI (R2)

'SAVE BL.OCK #

MOV

#LPCDO,RJ

MOV

LPBMSA,Rl

INCB
CAI.L.
JSR

PUTBL.K
PC,PUTBlK

MOV

L.PC!lAD,R4

CAlL.
JSR

GI::TBUF
PC,GETBUF

'GET A NEW BUF

MOV
POP
MOV
ADO

RldR4)+

;SET L.pCBCP-BUFAD
,SET BL.OCK N IN HWD0 OF NEW IlUFF,

#4,Rl

'BUMP R2 TO WORO 2 of BUF

MOV
CAL.L
JSR

Rl,(RA)
DEQREQ
PC,OI::QREQ

ISET I.PWOCP
,u~QUE REQUEST & EXIT IN wAIT STATE

POP
MOV
PUSH
MOV
PUSH
MOV
CI.R

Rl
(SP)+,Rl

,RESTORE ADD. OF CURRENT I"O"U IN HI

'SAVE R3dl2

fI tR 1)

'SET BUFF, !:.NO SW

CALL
JSR

F1N08K
PC, I'l~OB!(

,GET DISK BL.OCK

PUSH
MOV
CAL.L.
JSR

Rl
Rl, .. (SP)
G!:.TBUF
PC:,GETBUF

,SAVE BLOCK N

MOV
MOV

(5P), (Rl)
LPCBAD,R4

,SET BI.OCK N IN Hit/Om OF NEW !lUI'F.
'GET ADD, 01' LL.PCBADIlCP IN R4

PUSH
MOV
PUSH
MOV

(R4)
(R4), .. (SP)

ADD

NTW01,(SP)

IBUMp TO Tlo/lll

MOV

4(8P),'(SP)+

ISET L.INK IN OLO t!UFF.

MOV
ADO

R 1, (R4) +

N4,tH

,SET L.PC8CP & BUMP TO L.P~DCP
,POINT TO WDRll 2 IN t!UFf,

411 044415 I'IUII!"

!l0 0"4151'1 005121
!II 044152 I1It1UJI
51! 04454 1111"",
5;, 044!5e 1'12211'11
00011",
54 044112 003"'!4
515 044114 0101~, Qsi
!III ",441515 111 fIl 21 111 I
177'/5!1I
57 04472 011151'1"
1111'101'1 111 !II
!l8 044711·
0447/1 0041f1l,.
114731'1

(

PAGE 22+

9E"VIC~

158 1'145A2 010124

ell 1'1.5"''''
1'1.544 1'112151'
71'1 Pl4!1"'15 0e1210.
0001'11""
71 1'14tH52 1'111'1114

72 1'145!14
'SI
PI'5!!4 0041157
17 "'4!!I'I
73 0.5151'1
.Sl
1'I"'!1150 012!!1'I1
7'" 045152
0.562 011'1;'41'1
75 0415e14
,"5114 0\0'-41'1
711 045ee 01'1507\
01'101'10(11
77 1'14072
1'1"'572 01!147e11
17'41542
78 1'1"'5715
045715 0101411
711 mAe",,,,
1'141500 1Il041f1l7
175515'"
81'1 1'1480. 1Il11ell
81 0481'1e IHel10.
1'I1'II'I~7'

82 0"'1512
l'I'ell2 01144!!
83 0"'61",
"''''1'J14 11I1104AfI!
84 0"'8115 011211/5

0"'1/1,,"
B5 0"'1522 IIll6f1!31'!

1'11'11'1"'04
86 0.t'J26 11110124
87 0"'153", l'Ie210 I
1111'10",1'1'

(R ll+

~P~DCP

IN "1

NLP~DCP-.,Rl

Pc:,~I~OBK

'GET C (L.PCBIP) IN R2
TWOl

,GET LP,OEV CODE IN w3
,SET LpBMSA

(R 1)

,PUT BUFF, ON DISK
'GET AOD, Of LL.PCBAOIlCP IN RJ&R4

(Rll
(51')+, (Rll

R3, .. (SP)
R2
R2, .. (Sp)

IGET A BUI'F,

'SAVE CONT, OF

(~4)

(RA) '''(51''

~PCBCP

Figure 5-1 (Cant.)
UNICHANNEL Spooler Components
5-25

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
Sl'OLll.141
HACII XVH V1A01110 PAGE 22+
LP CALL. S!RVtC!
PUSH
fU
88 111411301
Ro1, .. (SP)
HOV
00183. I!IU,''''
HOV
Rl,CR')
U 0411315 IUIIIU'
HOV
Rl,R'
III 0'8010 f1tllltU
IICSP),R2
HOV
111 00111'2 01811'"
I!IUllll!I8
utap),R3
HOV
112 ... 8018 1!11IIelll3
"1!I1!IIIl 1III

11:5 041i152
048112 1Il"47117
""0IU
U 0'"1515
0481511 U21111l.

115 ...eelll

111'11811 1!11280'
118 11)48112 1!I127113
1!II!IlII!IU
1!11I27"1'I
lie

"'"7!!

III III 01!! "1'1

184872 I!IUo101,,.
1111 0018701 1IJl871111
""'132'10111 01700 1I!I15~t1
11'11 47182
471112 1!IIIl'711,
lIl"I!I2U

1IIJ2 .7188
0171!111 1IJl2fH'l'
In .7118
.7111 00.711,
lIliUlII'"

1001 '7101 ""18717
1188 .718 "10'''' 1'111
108 .721!1 1Il111114
107 '722 1'122711.
1Il"8'14
17777"
US .73", IIlUIII2i
UII 47:52 "11'110.
lU 0173.
0173. 0U7IHI
47311 1Il1l2711l'
11101;'3111
111 47'2 1Il1871!1\
III "Ill 23 1'1
1 12 '7'"
017018 1!I1U'8
113 '71!~ 1!I1711'
1IlIIII!IlllBIII
11' .78. 1Il1111111
118 47811
47158 III 121'111 I
III III 0 111M

'SAVE LPWDCP ADD. ON STAtK
'SET LPWOtP
'GET tONTo OF LPWDCP
'RESTORE R3,R2

CALL
JaR

COPIIUr:
PC,COPBUP

'COPV CALLER BUFFER

POP
HOV
POP
HOV
HOV

R4
eSP)+,R4
R2
(81')+,R2
"L.PtOO,R3

'SAVE LPWOCP ADD. IN R.
,CONTI OF LPCBCP ON STACK

'GET OEV.CODE IN R3. r:OR PUTIILK
, CLEAN Sf ACK

ADD
PUSH
HOV
HOV

R.
R4, .. CSP)
LPBMSA,Rl

INCB
CALL
JaR

PUTBLK
Pt,PUTBL.K

'PUT BUFF. ON DISK

FlOP
MOV
CALL
JSR

R4
(8P)+,R'
SS
PC,bS

'TEHP SAvE Rl
,CHECK FOR .CLOSE

SR
HOV
HOV
CM!'

2S
R4,Hl
(R1) ,R4
"LPtLOS,.2(1I4)

'SAVE R4
,GET C(LPWOCP) IN R4
, FF+CR7'1

SIIIE
HOV
ADR
HOV
ADD

71
Rl,H'
PC,H2
1I1ABLE+LFII-.,R2

HOV

LPCBAD,Rl

PUSH
HOV
HOV

(R2)
(R2) , .. (SP)
'CR1), (R2)
CRt) ,Rl
2 CR 1)

1111 4782 "'1278,
177777
"1Il1!l77.
117 477111 1IJ(II15721'1
11 e 01772 ""1113'

HOV

1111 017701 "1IJ0~'" 71i
11218
121
1122 '7711
eOFlBIiFI
123 017711 028737
17812'
""uel'l
124 '1114 1IJ1IJ1111"~
128 8110S "'12~2'
1211 801" 0111'31'1'
127 '1812 1!I1111~71
128 151'11, 1'111.78
IIllllI!IIll"',

RETURIII

TST
SR

,SET LP8HSA

TAIILE.L~B,1I2

HOV
HOV

'SAv! R5

(R 1)

1101'

,RESTORt(
'GET Lp.LF8 ADD. IN R2

'SAVE OLD LFB
'SET LFB IN TABLE
,SET OLD L.FB IN BUFFER

(SP)+,2(R1)

'SET EOF CODE IN BUFFER
(SP) •

TO~777

,RETURN TO II (NOT SUB RETURN)

.ENOC
CHI'

SOCTSV,'"CTLCT

BillE
MOV
DEC
BillE
HOV

'DEBUG

,eopv CALLEH BUFFER

(HJ)., (R4)+
R2
COPIIUF
R4,'2(SP)

Figure 5-1 (Cont.)
UNICHANNEL Spooler Components
5-26

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
HAel! XVM V1A1II0111
SI'OLI1.141
PL INTERRUPT SI'RVIeE

,
,

1
2
3

'THt~ ROllTINE HANDLES COHPLETION OF 110 SOFTWARE INTERRUPT FROH
'D~IvER TASK IN PIREX, IT OESPOOLS THE SPOOLED DATA ONTO THE XY

..S

,11'01'
PLnUHI' ,BYTE
PLI'INr.EI • 1:1 ¥TI!
PL"'I'4" 1 ,1:1 ¥T!:
PLI'UII'S' ,BHE
pLeerp, 1/1
PLIIIO!p, PI
pL"BTP, I!I
.ENOC

6
7
8
9

11
12
13
U
US

!II

17 01111122 0131111\ PLtNT'
IIIUCIl5C11

21
22

IIJ(IIIICIIl1
","'!/J1Il5!
(lJPlIIl2P17

PLTNTI

2A
25

27
2B
U
3fII

31
32

33
3 ..
35
35
37
38

U,
!l1U1

!II
"0

.. 5
.. 7
.. 8

""
50

III
II

"'1

'REPORT TASK NOT SUPPORTED

RETURN
.ENOC
,IFOF IPL.
HOV
CHP
BNE
HOV
CLR8
CL.RB
tNCB
HOV
CALL
BIC
RETURN

TABPDT, R1
"I.VI.I5,""PS
"-I,(Rl)
11

'GET C(PLCBIP) IN R3
'RESET SIoI.'S
'SUHP TO PL.BUFS
'RELEASE SU~F,

CR3) •

(RJ) •
(1'3).
CRJ),RJ
GIVBUF
1f4,'/fSPDI.SW

TST

(Ri)
3$

SEQ
CALI.
8R
HOV
HOV
HOV
f'lOV
HOV
HOV

,INHIBIT DISK INT,
'ANY HORE TO DO?

PLONAD,R3

BNE
HOV
HOV
CALL
INCB
TST8

"1
.. 2
"3

...... 5

'UNUSED
,ONCE ONLV Sill
,BLOCK IN HOTION sw
,EHPTY BUFFER COUNT
,CURRENT SUFFER POINTER
,CURRENT WORO POINT~R
,NEXT BUFFER POINTER

III

.IFNOF IPL
UOEVST,Rl
HOV

8IS

THE
PLOTTER,

IPL
0

HOV8

!II 011025 1 t2751

111 0111113 ..
20

PAGE 23

'GIVE SACK BUFFER
'NO, SET PL IDLE SW
'VESt BLOCK IN f'lOTION7

PLCUO,R4
CR4),R3
GIVSUF
-(R4)
·lCR<I)
41
IoIAIT8K
101
HBPDT ,R2
2(R2),.2(R2)
U, (N2)
pL0140,R3

'SK-124 VESt GET ADO OF PLCB1P IN R2
'RELEASE SUFFER
'BLOCK READ IN?
'NO

(R3),R<I

TW01CR4),2(R2)

, SET. CBNaNBN
'SET eNP
'GET PL.OBIP ~DD, IN H3
,GET C(PLOBIP) IN R3 & BUMP TO TWOl
,sn PL.NSN

Figure 5-1 (Cont.)
UNICHANNEL Spooler Components

5-27

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
MAtll XVM V1A000 PIIGE 23+
8POI.11.141
PI. INTERRUPT 5ERvIrE
R2,Rl
MOV
'SAVE PI..CRP ADD. IN Rl
51
,GET ADO. O~ PLCBIP lN R2
PI.ClAD,fl2
MOV
52
(R3),(R2l+
1010'1
'SET PI.CBlP
5~
(R~) , (R2)
'SET Pl.wDIP
MOV
54
55
ADO
",(R2)
'SEND wRITE REQ IF NOT SHUT UOwN
55
55
BR
,GET ADD OF PLwOIP IN R2
PLIIIOAD,R2
~S,
MOV
57
'(R2) , .. (SP)
1010'1
55
1I~,tSP)
,EvEN BYTE COUNT
ADO
511
IHC
11177'01, (SP)
50
(SP), (Rt)
ADO
'BU"'P CRP
51
(SP)+, (R2)
,BUMP LPwOIP
ADD
62
11401210121,'IISPOLS\II ,SHUT DOWN?
5~
!lSI
eIT
BEQ
25
64
'SHUT Pl.?
BIT
"4,'"SPOI.S\<j
55
BEQ
2.
5e
1110000,'/lSPOI.S\II 'SHUT OESPOOLER
BIT
67
BEQ
25
68
II.AST RECORS?
'(R2)
511
TST
135
BNE
70
.. 2(kll,4(R1)
,YES. ANY MORE DATA?
CMP
71
BNE
145
72
12S
'NO. SET TII~I.E ENTRIES
7~
CALL
BR
l1S
74
PLONAO,R2
'SK-124 GET PLBUFS ADDRESS
75
1.,1
1010'1
112,R2
ADO
76
'SK-124
111, tR2)
'SK-12. ONE FREE SUFFER?
CMPB
77
BNE
lOS
,SK"124
70
.. 1 (R2)
79
'SK-12. YES. BI.OCK IN "'OTION
TSTB
HiS
ISK-124
BNE
80
95
,SK-124
NO. GET NEXT BI.OCK
CALL
81
,SK-124
IIIIIIT FOR BI.OCK TO COME IN
l~S
BR
82
8~

8.
815
86

87
68
89
90

111
92
II;,
II.
95

116
117
118

g9
100

101
102
10J

lJ,.

MOV
CALI.
MOV
ADO
"'0'1
1010'1

ADO
BIC
ADO
MOV
ADO
TST
BEQ
eMP
BEQ
CMPB
SNE
TSTB
BNE
CMP

'R2,R5
'NO. SAVE BUFF ADO ON STACK
STUPPT
,SET UP TCB TO UNfI A I.INE
PC,Wl
'GET PL.CRP ADO. IN Rl
IITABI.E+PLTEOF".+4,Rl
(R2),R4
,CHECK FOR BUFFER EMPTY
'(R2),-(SP)
,GET BYTE COUNT
115, (SP)
'EVEN BYTE COUNT
11177'1211, (SP)
(SP)+,R4
'BUMP R4 TO POINT TO PT WORD OF NEXT
PC,R2
'NO. GET ADD OF PLBUFS IN R2
IIPI.BUFS-.,R2
(R4)
'LAST RECORD?
65

11-1, (Roll)
65
IIl,(R2)

,PI.BUFS.l

!HlS

-tR2)

'YES. BLOCK IN NEXT?

50S

-2(Rl),4(Rl)

INO. MORE TO DOE (CBN-LSB)

Figure 5-1 (Cont.)
UNICHANNEL Spooler Components

5-28

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation
PAGE 28
SPOL11.141
MAe 11 XVM V1A000
ADDRESS TABLE
• SBTTL AOOIiESS TABLE
1
2
~ 0015160
ADueL'
4 001516\'1 11I11l21515/11 RKeAI'I' .WORD
RKTC"P
!!
SLP
.11'01'
LPONCE
IS 0015162 00315!!!5 LPI'INAO' .WORO
.fNDC
7
TA8Lt:+PLTEOF
IS 00!!164 01111l311l.4 TA~PLAI • WORD
SPL
II
.11'01'
PLONCE
10
PLI'INAO' • WORD
.ENOC
11
8TMPST
112 0!HIlIl 0015278 ehPAD' .WORD
STUN,.
1~ QlIl170 011l151'7, STI\K~A' .WORD
TABLE
14 015172 011l6,154 UI'L1D' .WORO
TA8L.E+CBN
1!! 015174 0"11S25'" TA~Pr:B' .WORD
TABLE+PLT!Of+CBN
11l 015176 0t!163M TAFlPlC, .WORO
TABLE+COT!OF+CBN
17 015200 \'1M", TAIICI'IC' .WORD
TCBDK1
111 0152'2 1II1Il1l:56A TCAK,A. .WORD
SCO
19
~IFD"
COCSIP
20
COePAD' .WORD
COCIICP
21
eOeB1O. .WORD
.ENOC
22
SLP
.11'01'
2~
LPCI!CP
24 015204 111111432' LPeBAO. .WORD
LPWOIP
2!! 015206 0l1l3151Sl! LPeWAO' .1oI0RO
.ENDC
26
SPL
.11'01'
127
PI.C6CP
28
pLe8AO' .WORO
PLWOIP
211
pLwOAD' .WORO
.ENOC
30
TCBOll3
31 015210 IIIlIl641 , TCAK:'!A. .WORO
FINOSK
32 111!!212 I1101UIII AfNDf.lK' .wnRO
'U13SlU
SPL'UL
33 Ql15214 lIllll2,24 AS"LFU' .WORD
BUFLHD
34 0152115 IIIM'4' aUFLAl" .WORO
SLP
.11"01'
3!!
LPePAD.
3!1 0!220
L.PCIIIP
37 0!5220 (HI 3, IS '" LPeZAO. .WORD
LPBM!
38 0'222 Pl04:5l!t LPeMSA. .WORD
311
.ENDC
TABLhCO TEOI'
40 015224 001Sl!7DJ TAlIcnT I • WORD
TABLE+CRp
41 015228 0Pl!iI:!8"1 TAACIIT I • WORD
TA8L.E+PLTEOf+CRP
42 015230 0111811 III TAIIIPnT' .WORO
SPL.
.11'01'
43
PLCSIP
44
PLr:IADI • WORD
415
"LOSIP
"LI'\UO' .WORO
PLBMS
41S
"LI'!MSAI .WORD
.fNDC
47
SCO
.lFDI"
48
COBMS
411
CDF!M~A' .WORD
COlNT
150
eDrNTAI .WORD
.ENOC
!!1
TABLf+CO HOf+eRP
152 1!l52~2 eM:!1. TAIIDeT. .WORO
COCAL.L
l'J3 0l'J2~4 0015"11111 CDr.AAO' .WORD

(

Figure 5-1 (Cont.)
UNICHANNEL Spooler components

5-29

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation

OUTPUT TASK

SPACE LEFT IN BUFFER
FOR CALLER'S DATA?

COPY CALLER'S DATA INTO BUFFER
BUFFER POINTERS
EOF?
CALL FINDBK FOR AN
UNUSED DISK BLOCK

SAVE DISK BLOCK #

SUFFER FULL?
N

CALL GETBUF FOR AN
UNUSED CORE BUFFER
SET EOB SWITCH
SET EOF SWITCH
SET LFB IN TABLE
SET NEXT BLOCK # IN OLD
BUFFER. SET BLOCK # IN
NEW BUFFER

UPDATE POINTER TO BEGINNING
OF NEW BUFFER

CALL PUTBLK TO WRITE OLD
BUFFER TO THE DISK

Figure 5-2
Task Call Service Routine

5-30

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation

Set the SPOOLER task control
registers

lines 19-23

Setup the disk TCB pointer
table

lines 25-33

Setup and initialize BITMAP

lines 35-54

Initialize and setup TABLE

lines 55-64

Set the SPOOLER switches

lines 65-67

LINE PRINTER OPERATIONS:

5.5.2

Initialize the LP call service
routine switches and pointers

lines 94-95, 101-104

Clear all pending LP task requests in PIREX get a free
block on disk, get a buffer.

lines 96-98

Set the NBN entry in TABLE.

line 100

Process the next SPOOLER
request

line 120

LP SPOOLING

All requests issued to spooled tasks (TCN = 0-177) after a 'BEGIN'
directive to the SPOOLER, are processed by the SPOOLER.
by PIREX.

This is effected

When the LP handler in the XVM issues a request to the LP

driver task in PIREX, the SPOOLER processes this request.

The 'request

dispatcher' transfers control to the 'LP call service routine' and the
following operations are performed (refer to Figure 5-1):
Get the current word pointer
address

page- 22, line 20

Check if spooling operations are
disabled and, if disabled, exit

lines 26, 22

Point to the current word

lines 26, 25

Get the caller's buffer address
and relocate that address

lines 26-28

Get the byte count of the
current record, add the header
word byte count, and make the
byte count even

lines 29-31

Move ahead the current word
pOinter by the size of the
current record

line 32

Compute the space remaining in
the current buffer

line 33-36

Is the buffer full?

lines 37-38

5-31

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation

Copy the caller's buffer

lines 39, 123-127

Check for a .CLOSE record

lines 41, 105-108

The record is not a .CLOSE; one
more record can fit. Process
the next request

lines 42, 48-54

The record is a .CLOSE record;
save the old Last File Block
(LFB) in TABLE

lines 109, 110, 112

Set the new LFB in TABLE

Line 113

Set the old LFB in Header word 2
of the buffer

lines 114, 115

Set an end of file indicator in
the buffer

line 116

Go to line 55
The buffer is full.
Set an indicator to this effect in the
buffer

lines 55-57

Get a free block on disk (FINDBK)

line 58

Set a pointer to the next block
in trailer word 1

lines 59-61

Set the "write block in motion"
switch

lines 63, 64

Put the buffer on disk (PUTBLK)

lines 62, 65

Get another buffer (GETBUF)

line 67

Set the "current buffer" pointer
for the new buffer

lines 66, 68

Set the block number in the
current buffer

line 69

Set the current word pOinter to
word 2 in the buffer

lines 70, 71

Process the next request

line 72

As disk blocks are written on the disk the Last Spooled Block (LSB)
entries in TABLE are updated when the completion of I/O interrupt is
processed by the 'disk interrupt service routine' in the SPOOLER
(RKINT) •
5.5.3

LP Despooling

When the LP device is idle and the first spooled data block is written
onto the disk the despooling operations are started in the RKINT routine
as follows

(refer to Figures 5-1 and 5-3).

5-32

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation

READ

Figure 5-3
Device Interrupt Servicing Logic (For LP)

5-33

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation

WRITE PROCESSOR:
Reset the "write block in
motion" switch

page 19, lines 20, 21

Set the LSB in TABLE

lines 22, 23

LPONCE = 0, first time
through set LPONCE = 1

lines 24-27

Set the "read block in
motion" switch

line 28

Get a buffer (GETBUF)

line 29

Get a disk TCB (GETRKT)

line 35

Read a block from disk
(GETPUT)

".;,

Return the disk TCB and
then EXIT

lines 32-34, 36, 37
lin~

READ PROCESSOR:
Is the block read

= LFB?

page 23, lines 43-45

Yes, set LFB = 1

line 46

Reset the "read block in
motion" switch

line 48

Decrement the LP free buffer
count

line 49

LPONCE = 1, first time
through, start up LP

lines 50-53

Set Current Block Number
(CBN) in TABLE

line 66

Set the current despooling
buffer pointer

lines 67-68

Set the current despooling
word pointer

lines 69-70

Set the Next Block Number
(NBN) in TABLE

lines 71-72

Set Current Record Pointer
(CRP) in TABLE

line 73

Set LPONCE = 2

line 54

LP despooling is not shut
send the LP write
request

lines 55-58

Set the LP busy switch

line 60

down~

Return
EXIT

the disk TCB and then

Once despooling operations are started the 'LP interrupt service
routine' continues the despooling operations until there is no more
data to be despooled.

5-34

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation

The following operations are performed here (refer to Figure 5-1):
Protect against a disk
interrupt

page 21, line 24

There's nothing more to d01
reset LPONCE

lines 25-28

Reset LPBMD and increment the
free buffer count

lines 29, 30

Return the buffer (GIVBUF)

lines 31,

Set the LP idle switch and
return

lines 33, 34

There's more to d01 a block is
in motion

lines 35, 36

Release the buffer (GIVBUF)

lines 37-39

Increment the free buffer count

line 40

Wait for a block to be read in

lines 41-44

Set CBN - NBN in TABLE

line 47

Set CRP in TABLE

line 48

Set NBN in

lines 49-52

TABLE

set the current despooling buffer
and word pointer

lines 53-56

Shut down?
despooler?

lines 64-69

Shut LP?

Shut

Current record in buffer is a
.CLOSE record, check if more
blocks to do

lines 70-72

There are no more blocks reset
TABLE entries, switches and
then exit

lines 74, 77, 121-123

One free buffer and no block
in motion

lines 76-81

Get next block

line 82

Release buffer and wait to
come in

lines 83, 37-44

The first record is not a
send an LP write request

.CLOSE,

lines 86-87

Point to the first word of the
next record

lines 89-93

There are more records left and
one free buffer

lines 96-101

There is no read block in motion
and more blocks to do

lines 102-105

Get next block

lines 106, 126-137

Return from interrupt call

5-35

Spooler Design and Theory of Operation

5.5.4

SPOOLER Shutdown

All spooling operations can be terminated by issuing the 'END' directive
to the SPOOLER.

The following operations are performed (refer to

Figure 5-1):
Protect shutdown routine

page 9, line 7

Clear any pending SPOOLER wakeup
requests

line 8

Allow devices to run down

lines 13-18

Shut down LP task

lines 20-23

Turn off SENDll

lines 32-34

Test if shut down due to disk
error

lines 35-36

If "END" shutdown, tell "SPOL15"
that it has occurred

lines 37-39

Disconnect SPOOLER

lines 40-41

5-36

CHAPTER 6
SPOOLER TASK DEVELOPMENT
6.1

INTRODUCTION

This chapter discusses in detail the procedure for developing a spooled
task, and, for integrating it into the SPOOLER software.
ment of a spooled task

The develop-

in the UC15 system begins with the development

and installation of the task under the PIREX system, if not already
present (see Chapters 4 and 5).
Once this has been done, the following summary describes the steps
necessary to integrate it into the SPOOLER software:
(Refer to Figure

Design and code the call service routine.
6-1.)

Design and code the interrupt service routine.
Figure 6-1.)

DEVICE HANDLER
ON XVM

SPOOLER

CALL side

(Refer to

TASK/DEVICE DRIVER
ON PDP-II

INTERRUPT side

Figure 6-1
SPOOLER Schematic

NOTE
The logical structure of the 'task call
service routine' and the 'task interrupt
service routine' depends upon whether the
task is an input or an output task. The
'task call service routine' is the despooler for an input task and it is the
spooler for an output task.
The 'task
interrupt service routine' is the spooler
for input tasks and it is the despooler
for output tasks.
IThere is no program logic or coding connections between the device
driver tasks under PIREX and the spooler task. All co~nunication to
the device driver is through the TCB only.
6-1

Spooler Task Development

Add code in the RKINT routine to handle the disk read or
write operations for this task.

Code a routine to setup TCB and issue request.

Add a TCB for this task.

Add code to the BEGIN directive processing routine to initialize, and, (if necessary) startup this task.

Add code to the END directive processing routine to clear up
this task.

Add code to the 'request dispatcher' to dispatch calls to
this routine.

Add code to the 'device interrupt dispatcher' to dispatch
interrupts from this device.

10.

Increase the size of TABLE by 6 words if not sufficient.

11.

Add entries of frequently addressed tags to the central
address table.

12.

Update DEVCNT and DEVSPP to ensure sufficient buffers and
TCBs.

13.

Update FINDBK routine.

The remaining sections describe the above steps in more detail.

The

Line Printer spooler task is used as a descriptive example.
6.1.1

Call Service Routine

This is the routine that normally processes calls from the handler
on the XVM.

For an output task this routine spools data onto the

disk as indicated in Section 5.3.3.

The operations performed by this

routine are discussed in detail in Section 5.4.2.
Normally, data from records are copied into a buffer until it is full.
As soon as a buffer is full, it is written onto the disk with a
pointer to the next block; and then a new buffer is obtained.

This

process is continued until a special record that indicates the end of
the file is received.

For the Line Printer, this is a record with

form feed and carriage return characters only.

On receipt of this

record, the call service routine copies this record into the current
buffer and writes it out; regardless of whether the buffer is full or
not.

This is done to ensure complete processing of a distinct logical

entity, a file.
the TABLE.

The call service routine sets only the LFB entry in

It uses the utility routines GETBUF, FINDBK, PUTBLK, and

DEQREQ.

6-2

Spooler Task Development

6.1.2

Interrupt Service Routine

Completion of I/O interrupts from the device driver in PIREX is processed by this routine.

For an output task, this routine despools the

data onto the device as indication in Section 5.3.5.

The operations

performed by this routine are discussed in detail in Section 5.4.3.
The interrupt service routine for the Line Printer despools data from
the buffer onto the device by issuing requests to the task running
u1der PIREX.

This routine, like other despooling routines in the SPO-

OLER, is double buffered to increase throughput.

Provision is made

in the routine to wait for a block to be read into core during heavy
disk utilization.
6.1.3

This is done using the "block in motion" switch.

Code to Handle the Disk Read/Write Operations

All spooled tasks must perform certain functions on completion of a
read/write block disk operation, as, Section 5.5.3 describes in detail.
On completion of a read disk block request the TABLE entries must be
updated and the Line Printer started up if idle.

If the Line Printer

is busy, control is transferred to the "DONE" section of code where
the disk TCB is returned to the pool and control is relinquished.
On completion of a "write block on disk" request, the buffer is returned
and the LSB entry in TABLE is updated.

If the Line Printer is idle,

a request is issued for the Line Printer task to

read in the next de-

spooling block.

This is done by supplying the NBN1 entry in TABLE for

the Line Printer.

If the Line Printer is not busy or after issuing

the read request as in read, control is transferred to the 'DONE'
section of code.
6.1.4

Routine to Setup TCB and Issue Request

These operations are performed at several places in the SPOOLER.
optimize code this subroutine performs the TCB setup and request
issuing functions.

1See Section 5.4.7.

6-3

Spooler Task Development

The Line Printer routine performs the following operations (Figure
5-1) at tag STUPLT:
Get the address of the LP TCB

6.1.5

page 11, lines 18-19

Go to setup common

line 20

Set the buffer address specified
in the TCB

line 31

Reset the REV in the

lines 32-33

TCB

Issue the request

line 34

Return control

line 35

TCB

The format of the TCB used by spooler tasks is almost identical to the
format of TCBs for tasks running under PIREX, except for the disk
TCB which has an extra word.

The extra word is used to store the TCN

of the task for which the I/O transfer was requested.

Another dif-

ference is that the TCN present in word '1' of all TCBs in the SPOOLER
has the unspooled bit set, i.e., TCN' = 200 + TCN (0-177 ). This is
8
8
to prevent the request from being queued to the SPOOLER. Also, word
'0' of all TCBs contains the SPOOLER task code instead of the API
information.

This is to permit PIREX to transfer control to the 'device

interrupt dispatcher' in the

SPOOLER on receipt of an I/O completion

interrupt from a SPOOLER request.
6.1.6

Initialization in the BEGIN Routine

All SPOOLER tasks have to be initialized before starting of spooling
operations.

The initialization normally consists of setting the

pointers, switches and variables to the right value, obtaining buffers,
block number on disk, etc.

Section 5.5.1 explains these operations

for the Line Printer in more detail.
6.1.7

Cleanup in the END Routine

All SPOOLER tasks have to be cleaned up before termination of spooling
operations.

The cleanup for the Line Printer consists of stopping the

LP driver task in PIREX and clearing all pending requests in the
task's TRL.

6-4

Spooler Task Development

6.1.8

Updating the Request Dispatcher

The request dispatcher in the SPOOLER contains code to check the TCN
of the current request being processed and to transfer control to the
appropriate routine.

For the Line Printer (Figure 5-1) this is done at:

page 6, lines 36-38, 73
6.1.9

Updating the Device Interrupt Dispatcher

The SPOOLER is informed of completion of I/O requests through the
PIREX Software Interrupt facility.

PIREX calls the device interrupt

dispatcher, which determines the task that issued the request and
transfers control to the tasks interrupt service routine.
For the Line Printer this is done at:
page 17, lines 12-13, 19
6.1.10

Updating TABLE

The TABLE contains the complete record of the data being spooled and
despooled.

Each task has a 6 word entry in this TABLE.

TABLE size

must be increased (change the 'BLOCK XXX' statement at page 33, line 73)
based upon the number of tasks in the SPOOLER.

Currently there is

sufficient space in the TABLE for 3 additional tasks.
6.1.11

Updating the Central Address TABLE

Code optimization in a PIC program is done by maintaining a table of
addresses for frequently used tags.

This

located addresses of tags at assembly time.

table contains the unreThese are converted to

absolute addresses (by adding the SPOOLER first address) by the once
only section of code in the SPOOLER (Figure 5-1, page 6, lines 12-26).
For the Line Printer (Figure 5-1) the following tags are present in
this table:

TAB PCB

page 28, line 6
line 15

LPCBCP

line 24

LPWDIP

line 25

LPCBIP

line 37

LPONCE

line 38

LPBMS

6-5

Spooler Task Development
6.1.12

Update DEVCNT and DEVSPP

To facilitate automatic updating (increase or decrease) of buffers and
disk TCBs in the SPOOLER based upon the number of tasks in it, a conditional parameter exists for each task.
DEVCNT and DEVSPP are modified for the Line Printer (Figure 5-1) at:
page 3, line 13-16
Tasks are assembled into the SPOOLER by defining the conditional
parameters of the form:
$XX = ZZZZOO
where

xx = mnemonic of the task (LP for Line Printer)
ZZZZ

= a bit configuration (0400 for LP - there is a
bit for each task)

6.1.13

Updating the FINDBK Routine

Code is present in this routine to prevent allocation of the disk
block that is currently being despooled.

This is necessary to insure

proper operation of the spooler because despooling operations are
halted when CBN = LSB.

For the line printer task (Figure 5-1) this

is done at:
page 12, lines 83-84, 91-92
6.2

ASSEMBLING THE SPOOLER

To assemble the SPOOLER with the required task in it, it may be necessary to edit the SPOL11 XXX source file to supply the appropriate
assembly parameter.

To assemble the SPOOLER with the Card Reader

task also insert the line:
$CD

= 20000 after the sub-title conditional assembly
parameters.

(For Plotter insert:

$PL = 10000)

An assembly of the above source (Figure 5-1) will produce a SPOOLER
with Line Printer and Card Reader tasks.

6-6

APPENDIX A
ABBREVIATIONS
API

Automatic Priority Interrupt

ATL

Active Task List

CAF

Clear All Flags

CAPln

Clear APIn flag in DR15-C (CAPIO = 706104,
CAPII
706124, CAPI2 = 706144, CAPI3 = 706164)

CBN

Current Block Numbers

CIaO

Clear Input/Output done (706002)

CRP

Current Record Pointer

XVM/DOS

XVM Disk Operating System

Event Variable

LFB

Last File Block

LIaR

Load Input/Output Register (706006)

LSB

Last Spooled Block

Program Counter

PIC

Position Independent Code (can be loaded anywhere in memory)

RDRS

Read Status Register (706112)

REV

Request Event Variable

XVM/RSX

XVM Real Time System Executive

SAPln

Skip on APIn flag in DRII-C (SAPIO = 706101,
SAPII = 706121, SAPI2 = 706141, SAPI3 = 706161)

SIOA

Skip on Input/Output data Accepted (706001)

TCB

Task Control Block

TCBP

Task Control Block Pointer

TRL

Task Request List

UC15

PDP-11 Front End Processor and Interlace to XVH

A-1

APPENDIX B
CURRENTLY IMPLEMENTED TCBs

The general format for all task control blocks is as follows:

8,7

15
ATA

,, , , ,ALV
, , , ,

word ~

, , , , ,
I ,
FCN
:S:
, , , , I , , , , , ,TCN
, , , ,
, , , , , , I REV
, , , , , , , ,

,
)'

word 2

Other data

word 3

particular

, , , , to, ,this
, ,task
,
I

word 1

, ,

word n

ATA

XVM API interrupt vector address

ALV

XVM API interrupt priority level.
or 3 (unless FCN = 3).

FCN

Function to perform upon completion of this request.
Valid values are:

Must be 0, 1, 2,

000

Interrupt XVM at location ATA, priority ALV.

001

Do nothing (except set REV)

003

Cause software interrupt to the PDP-ll task whose
task code number is in ALV.

a if this request may be spooled.
1 if this request may not be spooled.

TCN

Task code number of the task which is to process this
request

REV

Request Event Variable.
Initially zero, set to a nonzero value to indicate completion of the request.
The meaning of the various return values is described
below.

B-1

Currently Implemented TCBs

Returned REV value:
1

Successful (normal) completion.

-200

Non-existent task.
The task code number (TCN) does not
correspond to any task currently in the PIREX system.

-300

Illegal ALV value. The request mayor may not have been
performed - see individual request descriptions. The
XVM is interrupted at API level 3.

-777

Node Pool empty.
PIREX is temporarily out of nodes, and
therefore is unable to insert this request into the appropriate list. Reissue the request after a brief delay.

Other

The meanings of other returned REV values are given with
the descriptions of the task control blocks to which they
apply.

In the sections that follow, many of the

task control block diagrams

show Sand TCN combined into a single 8-bit quantity.

This is done

to indicate that the particular task may never be spooled, and thus
S is always 1.
B.1

STOP TASK (ST)

This task provides the capability to stop one or all tasks in PIREX.
Stopping a task may immediately abort processing of the request the
task is currently processing, and also any XVM originated requests
on the task request list.

The format of the task control block for

the stop task is as follows

(note that this is a non-standard task

control block):
15

8 I7
unused

TCN

I
REV

word 0
200

word 1
word 2

TCN

If zero, this is a stop all tasks directive.

If set unconditionally, abort the current request for this
(or all) task(s).
If clear, allow the request currently
being processed by this (or each) task to complete if and
only if the request originated from the PDP-I1. Only XVM
requests on the task request list will be aborted regardless of the setting of this bit.

currently Implemented TCBs

All requests which are aborted via this request will never complete;
the request event variables (REVs) of such requests will never be set
to a non-zero value.

A permanent task which is stopped via this re-

quest will be placed in the wait state; a temporary task will be placed
in the stopped state.
Returned REV values:
Successful completion

Task to be stopped is not connected to PIREX.
Only applicable when TCN, O.

-600

B.2

SOFTWARE DIRECTIVE TASK (SD)

Descriptions of the software directives, including details of their
task control block formats, are given in Section 3.6, Software Directive Processing.

The general task control block format for all soft-

ware directives is as follows:

8 7

ATA
FCN

ALV

word 0

201

word 1

REV

word 2

aPR

word 3

Contents depend
upon

word 4
,~

1IL___________d_i_r_e_c_t_~_·v__e ________~Jr
aPR

word n

Indicate the exact operation (directive) to be performed.
For details see Section 3.6.

Returned REV values:
1

B.3

Successful completion

-400

Invalid aPR (directive/operation code) values.

Other

See individual directive description in Section 3.6.

DISK DRIVER TASK (RK)

The disk driver task provides the capability of using the RK05 cartridge disk system.

Task control blocks directed to this task have

the following format:

B-3

Currently Implemented TCBs

8 7

ATA
FCN

ALV
202

word 2

Block Number

word 3

6
4
K

word 1

REV
R
E
L

unused

word 0

M
S
M
A

LSMA
Word Count
Unit
Function

RKCS

RKER
RKDS

word 4
word 5
word 6
word 7
word 10
word 11
word 12

ATA
ALV

Usually 0478
Usually 000

REV
Block Number

Set to 1 upon completion regardless of errors.
Disk block number to transfer.

REL

0 if request comes from XVM
1 if request comes from PDP-II

64K

When 1 causes an additional 64K words to be
transferred.

MSMA

Core address at which to begin transfer - most
significant bits.

LSMA

Core address at which to begin transfer - least
significant bits.

Word Count

Two's complement of the number of words to
transfer.

Unit

Disk drive (unit) number on which to perform
the operation.
Operation to be performed.

Function

lA zero in the word count field (word 6) causes a 64K word transfer.
The 164K" field (word 4) is used in conjunction with the word count
to specify transfers greater than 64K words. Thus to transfer 65K
words, the user would set the 164K" bit and place a minus -1024 10 in
the word count field.

B-4

Currently Implemented TCBs

Valid values are:
002

Write

004

Read

006

Write check

012

Read check

016

Write lock

For detailed descriptions of the functions,
Drive Controller Manual

see the RK11-E Disk

(DEC-11-HRKDA-B-D).

Upon completion of the operation, these three
words are loaded from the corresponding disk
controller registers.
See the RK11-E Disk
Drive Controller Manual (DEC-ll-HRKD-B-D) for
a description of their meaning.

RKCS
RKER
RKDS

If the request originates from the PDP-11, LSMA is the 16-bit PDP-11
byte address at which the transfer is to begin.
nates from the

If the request origi-

XVM, MSMA and LSMA together are the 17-bit XVM word

address at which the transfer is to begin.

Upon

completion of the

transfer, REV is always set to 1, regardless of whether or not the
transfer succeeded.

RKCS, RKER, and RKDS must be examined to deter-

mine whether the transfer succeeded or an error occurred.
Returned REV Values:
1

Request complete.

Request mayor may not have succeeded.

-300

Illegal ALV value.

Request complete.

B.4

LINE PRINTER DRIVER TASK (LP)

The

task control block format is as follows:

8 7

ATA
FCN

ALV

word 0

sl 004

word 1

REV

word 2

REL

word 3

Buffer Address

word 4

unused

word 5

Status Flag

word 6

B-5

Currently Implemented TCBs

ATA

Usually 056

ALV

Usually 002

usually

a (indicating spooled operation)

a if request originates from XVM

REL

1 if request originates from PDP-11
Buffer
Address

PDP-11 byte address, if request is from PDP-11
XVM word address, if request is from XVM

Status Flag

Unused if request is spooled.
Cleared to zero at beginning of request processing and set to 000001 at completion if request
is not spooled.

The buffer address argument refers to a line buffer of the following
format:
15

8 7

Mode

Count

word 0

unused

word 1
word 2
-~

Data
lrL____________________________~~

word n

Count

The number of bytes of data in the buffer.
Excludes the four byte header.

Mode

Indicates transfer mode.

lOPS ASCII

Image

Legal values are:

May be altered by the driver.

Data

One line of output for the line printer.

The data sent to the lineprinter driver is a series of independent
bytes.

If a byte is positive, it represents a 7-bit ASCII character.

If a byte is negative, it represents some number of spaces, the
number of spaces being equal to the absolute value of the byte.

a line is in image mode, only the characters represented by the data
bytes are output.

If a line is in lOPS ASCII mode, a line feed is

output before the beginning of the line unless the first character of
the line is a carriage return or form feed.

A carriage return is

always output at the end of lines in lOPS ASCII mode.

A line contain-

ing just the characters carriage return followed by form feed causes
no output in either mode, but rather represents a .CLOSE (end of file)
operation.

B-6

currently Implemented TCBs

Line printer errors are not reported via returned REV values.

The only

line printer error which can occur is for the printer to go off line
(become not ready).

The line printer driver reports this by placing

the value 4 in the device error byte of its entry in the DEVST table
(see Section 3.6.4 on the Error Status Report Directive).

When the

printer comes back on line the driver clears the device error byte and
outputs the line.

Upon completion the

REV is set to 1.

Returned REV Values:
1

B.5

Successful completion

-300

Illegal ALV value.
been taken •. - -.

Action mayor may not have

-600

Spooler shut down.

No action has been taken.

CARD READER DRIVER TASK (CD)

The task control block format is as follows:

ALA

ALV

word 0

FCN

sl 005

word 1

ATA

Usually 055

ALV

Usually 001

Buffer
Address

8,7

REV

word 2

unused

word 3

Buffer Address

word 4

Usually 0 (Indicating spooled operation)
PDP-II byte address, if request is from PDP-II
XVM word address, if request is from XVM

The buffer address argument refers to a card buffer of the following
format:
15

-""

8,7

Byte Count

word 0

Checksum

word 1

Data

B-7

word 2
word n

Currently Implemented TCBs

Byte Count

Always 80

Checksum

10
Word checksum of the buffer (including the byte
count)

Data

bytes (40

The card data is not in ASCII.

words) of data

Each card column occupies one byte

in the following format:

1*1*1*1*1*1 If I

L b its 0-2 Contents of rows 1-7 encoded as follows:
000 no punches in rows 1-7
001 row 1 punched
010 row 2 punched
011 row 3 punched
100 row 4 punched
101 row 5 punched
110 row 6 punched
111 row 7 punched
b it 3 Indicates row 8 punched
b it 4 Indicates row 9 punched
b it 5 Indicates zone 0 punched
b it 6 Indicates zone 11 punched
b it 7 Indicates zone 12 punched

NOTE
All combinations of punches which cannot
be spec1tied in this manner are illegal.
Any errors that occur are not reported by returned REV values.

Instead

the IOPSUC numeric error code is placed in the device error byte of the
card reader's entry in the DEVST table (see Section 3.6.4, Error Status
Report Directive).

When the error condition is remedied, the driver

clears the device error byte and the read operation continues.
the read completes and REV is set to 1.
Returned REV Values:
1

Successful completion

-300

Illegal ALV values. Action mayor may
not have been taken.

-700

Spooler shut down.
No action taken.

B-8

(Despooling not enabled)

Ultimately

Currently Implemented TCBs

B.6

PLOTTER DRIVER TASK (XY)

The task control block format is as follows:

8 7
FCN

ALV

word

I 006

word 1

ATA
REV

word 2

REL

word 3

Buffer Address

word 4

ATA

Usually 065

ALV

Usually 003

Usually

a (indicating spooled operation)

REL

000000

If request is from XVM
If request is from PDP-II

Buffer Address

PDP-II byte address, if request is from PDP-II.
XVM word address, if request is from XVM.

The buffer address argument refers to a data buffer of the following
format:

817

Mode

word 0

Count

word 1

unused

word 2

Data

..,

______________~( word n

Count

The number of bytes of data in the buffer.
Excludes the four byte header.

Mode

Indicates the function to perform and/or the
mode in which the data should be interpre~ed.
Valid modes are:

B-9

Currently Implemented TCBs

Line mode

Character mode

Initialize

1
Pen select

377

End of file

Line mode data takes the following form.
a pair of data words.

Each line is represented by

The first word is the incremental change in the

X coordinate from the beginning to the end of the line, the second word
the Y coordinate.

the change in

If this is to be an invisible line -

i.e., it is to be drawn with the pen raised - 100000

should be added

to the first word (change in X) •
Character mode data is a series of ASCII characters to be drawn, one
Initialize requires 8 words of data which specify

character per byte.

the character size and orientation for character mode plotting.
pen select operation

takes two words of data.

number for the XY311 plotter (1,

2, or 3).

are destroyed by the pen select operation.
zero.

An end of file merely raises the pen.

The first is the pen

The contents of this word
The second word ~ be
(It also forces the XY

data through the spooler buffers if spooling is enabled.)
Returned REV Values:
1

Successful completion

-300

Illegal ALV value.
been taken.

Action mayor may not have

-600

Spooler shut down.

No action taken.

lThis is used only by the XY311 plotter.

B-I0

The

APPENDIX C
UClS RELATED ERROR MESSAGES

IOPSUC

YYY

XXXX

Where YYY denotes one of the following:
Task

EST

Stop all I/O

ESD

Software Driver

RKU

Disk Cartridge

DTU

DECTAPE

LPU

Line Printer

CDU

Card Reader

PLU

Plotter

ESP

Spooler

EMA

MACH

XXXX denotes one of the following:
3 - ILLEGAL INTERRUPT TO DRIVER

4 - DEVICE NOT READY
12 - DEVICE FAILURE
15 - SPOOLER FULL WARNING MESSAGE
20 - SPOOLER DISK FAILURE - SPOOLING DISABLED
45 - GREATER THAN 80 COLUMNS IN
CARD

55 - NO SPOOLER BUFFERS AVAILABLE
72 - ILLEGAL PUNCH COMBINATION

C-l

UCl5 Related Error Messages

74 - TIMING ERROR - CARD COLUMN
LOST - RETRY CARD
75 - HARDWARE BUSY - DRIVER NOT
76 - HARDWARE ERROR BETWEEN
CARDS
77 - UNRECOGNIZED TASK REQUEST DEVICE NOT PRESENT
400 - SPOOLER EMPTY - PDR-15 INPUT
REQUEST PENDING

Standard format lOPS error messages:
Error Code
25

XY plotter - value too large for plotting.

XY plotter - mode incorrect.

200

Non-existent task referenced.

300

Illegal API level given (illegal values
are changed to level 3 and processed) .

400

Illegal directive code given.

500

No free core in the PDP-II local
memory.

600

ATL node for this TCN missing.

777

Request node was not available from the
i.e., the POOL was empty and the
referenced task was currently busy or the
task did not have an ATL node in the
Active Task List.
POOLi

601

System Memory Map Invalid
This indicates that the memory map
used by CONNECT/DISCONNECT is invalid. PIREX should be rebooted
before any CONNECT/DISCONNECT attempt.

602

TCB Out of Range
This indicates that the TCB address is
not within the 28K word addressing range
of the UNICHANNEL.

C-2

GLOSSARY
Active Task
An Active Task is one which:
1.

is currently executing

has a new request pending in its queue

is in a wait state

has been interrupted by a higher priority task.

Active Task List
A priority-ordered linked list of Active Tasks used for scheduling
tables.

The

ATL is a queue consisting of one node for each Active

Task in the system.
Busy/Idle Switch
A two-word storage area used to save TCBP's when processing a request.
Every task has a two-word Busy/Idle Switch.

If the two words are zero,

the task is currently not busy and is able to accept and process a
new request.

Bit 15 of the first word is used by the system to deter-

mine if the TCB came from an XVM or PDP-11 request.

If zero, the re-

quest came from the XVM, otherwise it came from the PDP-11.
Call Side
All spoolers have a

'call side' where a set of data is passed by the

caller to the spooler (for output spooled devices/tasks) or data is
passed by the spooler to the caller (for input spooled devices/tasks).
This is done only when a request is made to the spooler.
Context Save
The storing of all active registers, including the program counter
(PC) and program status (PS), on the current task's stack.

GLOSSARY-1

These saves

are done when higher priority tasks interrupt lower priority ones and
by device driver interrupt routines to allow them free use of the
general purpose registers.
Context Switching
The process of saving the active registers belonging to the current
task executing (a context save), determining a new task to execute,
and finally restoring the registers belonging to it.
Deque
Deque, pronounced deck, is a double-ended queue consisting of a .listhead and list elements, circularly linked by both forward and backward
pointers.

Deques (linked lists) are used, instead of tables, to store

TCB pOinters and

ATL information.

The list elements (commonly called

nodes) are initially obtained from a pool of empty nodes called the
POOL.

Nodes consist of listhead and 2 words of data used to store the

caller's TCB pointer or ATL information.

When a node is needed, it is

removed from the POOL and queued to the referenced task deque of the
ATL.

When a node is no longer needed,

it is'zeroed and returned to

the POOL.
Dequeue
Remove a node from a queue.
Directive
A task which performs some specific operation under PIREX, e.g., connecting and disconnecting tasks.
Driver
A task which controls a hardware device.

Drivers usually consist of

necessary program only rudimentary operations (e.g., read, write or
search).

The more complex operations such as file manipulations and

syntax checking are usually performed by handlers.

GLOSSARY-2

Event Variable
A word or variable used to determine the status of a request.

The

Event variable is set to indicate successful completion, rejection,
status, or a request still pending condition.
Interrupt Side
All spoolers have an 'Interrupt Side' where data is passed by the
spooler to the device/tasks (for output spooled device/tasks) or data
is passed from the device/tasks to the spooler (for input spooler
devices/tasks).

This occurs whenever output of data is complete or

input data is ready.
Linked List
A deque consisting of nodes and listhead used to store system information.

An empty list consists of only a listhead.

Listhead
A two-word core block with forward and backward pointers pointing to
the next and previous list node or to itself if empty.

The listhead

is a reference point in a circularly-linked list.
Local Memory
Core memory only addressable by the PDP-II.

This is ordinary 16-bit

PDP-II core memory.
Node Manipulation
The process of transferring nodes from one deque structure to another.
Nodes
The list elements of a deque.

All nodes consist of listhead, followed

by 2 words of data (list elements).

GLOSSARY-3

Nul Task
The Nul Task is a task which runs when no other task can.

It consists

of only PDP-ll WAIT and BR Instruction to increase UNIBUS operations.
Permanent Task
A task in PIREX is said to be a permanent task if it is assembled into
PIREX, has space in all PIREX system tables and has a fixed task code
number.
POOL
A linked list of empty four-word nodes for use in any deque in the
system.

The POOL is generated at assembly time and currently has 20

decimal nodes available.
Pop
To remove an Item (word) from the current task's stack.
Push
To put an item (word) onto the current task stack.
Queue
To enter into a waiting list.

Queues in PIREX consist only of deque

structures.
Scheduling
The process of determing which task will be executed next.

The opera-

tion is based on a priority ordered list of active tasks in the system
(ATL) •
Shared Memory
Core memory addressable by both the XVM and PDP-ll.
ory is ordinary l8-bit XVM memory.

GLOSSARY-4

The shared mem-

Spare Task
A task that runs under PIREX is said to be a temporary task if it is
not assembled into PIREX, has space in all PIREX system tables, does
not have a fixed task code number and its start address is not fixed.
The core occupied by the temporary tasks is not freed unless the tasks
are disconnected in the order in which they were connected.
SPOLSW
This is a register in PIREX which contains the spooler control and
status switches as indicated below.
BITS 0-7

Device busy Idle switch
'0' is idle and '1' busy
BIT 0
1

2
3-7

BITS 8-15

LP
CD
PL
UNUSED

Spooler State/Function switches
'0' if disabled and '1' if enabled
BIT 12
13
14
15=1
=0

DESPOOLER
SPOOLER
SPOOLING
SPOL11 PROGRAM CONNECTED TO PIREX
SPOL11 PROGRAM NOT CONNECTED TO PIREX

Task
A PDP-11 software routine capable of being requested by the XVM or
PDP-11 through the PIREX software system.

The task may be a device

driver, a Directive, or just a software routine used to carry out a
specified function.

A task must have the format shown in Figure 2-1.

Task Code Number
All tasks in the PIREX system are differentiated by a numbering system
rather than by name.

Task Code Numbers are used in TCBs and are cur-

rently assigned as follows:

GLOSSARY-5

CODE
-1

CL task

200

ST task

201

SD task

202

RK Driver task

203

DT Driver task

LP Driver task

CD Driver task

PL Driver task

SPOOLER task

currently not used

TCB - Task Control Block
A set of continguous memory locations (minimum of three) which contain
all necessary information for a task to complete its request.

The con-

tents of the TCB must be defined prior to the request by the requesting
program (e.g.,

a XVM program).

A pointer to the TCB (called a TCBP) is then passed to the PDP-11 via
the LIOR instruction in the XVM or the IREQ macro in the PDP-11 to
actually initiate the request.
TCBP - Task Control Block Pointer
A pointer to a TCB.

This pointer is passed to the PDP-11 either via

the LIOR instruction in the XVM or the IREQ macro in the PDP-11 when
initiating a request to PIREX.

GLOSSARY-6

INDEX
Abbreviations, list of, A-l
ABORT request, 4-53
ABSLll, 1-2, 2-1
Acronyms, list of, A-l
Active Task List (ATL) , 3-5
(figure), 3-21
nodes, 3-14
Add a new task, 3-30
API trap locations, 3-1, 3-7
Assembler (ABSLll), 1-2
Assembling spooler, 6-6

BEGIN routine, spooler, 6-4
Bitmap, spooler, 5-5
Block order for tasks, 3-34
Bootstrap load, 1-2
Buffers, spooler, 5-5, 6-2,
6-6
Byte instructions, 1-6

Call Service routine, spooler,
6-2
Card Reader Driver task, B-7
Card reader operation, 2-4
errors, 2-5
Character mode data, B-10
Checksum errors, 2-2
Clock Request Table (CLTABL),
3-16, 4-65
Clock task, 3-5
Code numbers of tasks, 4-3
Common memory, 1-3, 1-4, 3-5
Connect Task directive, 3-30
Core Status Report directive,
3-32
Crashes of tasks, 2-6
CRll XVM/RSX handler (figure),
4-28

Delete a task, 3-29
Dequeue node (figure), 3-26
Despooling, 5-5, 5-32
Device Error Status Table
(DEVST), 3-16
Device driver,
assembling and loading, 4-66
testing, 4-66
Device drivers, PIREX, 3-3,
4-55
Device handler construction,
4-6

Device handlers,
XVM/DOS, 4-6
XVM/RSX, 4-27
Device interfaces, 1-5
Device Interrupt Dispatcher,
spooler, 5-3, 6-5
Device Interrupt Service routines,
spooler, 5-4
Device Interrupt Servicing (LP)
(figure), 5-33
Device priorities, 4-2
Directive handling, 3-20
Directive processing routines,
spooler, 5-3
Disconnect Task directive, 3-29
Disk cartridge operation, 2-3
errors, 2-5
Disk Driver task, B-3
Disk errors during spooling, 2-6
DL support, optional, 3-4
Drivers,
see Device drivers
Dump programs, 4-66, 4-67

Editor program (EDIT), 1-3
End-of-deck card, 2-4
END routine, spooler, 6-4
Error handling, 2-5, 2-6
Error messages, UC15, C-l
Error status codes, 3-16
Error Status Report directive,
3-33
Exit techniques, 4-63

FINDBK routine, spooler, 6-6
Function code, 3-8

Hardware errors, card reader, 2-5
Hardware interrupt, 3-1, 3-23
(figure), 3-24
Hardware system, 1-3, 1-4, 1-5

.INIT function, XVM/DOS device
handler, 4-23
Initialization,
task, 4-62
XVM/DOS handler, 4-23
XVM/RSX device handlers, 4-27
Internal tables, PIREX, 3-18, 3-19

Index-l

INDEX (CONT.)
Interrupt link, 1-5
Interrupt processing, 4-62
Interrupt requests, 3-23
Interrupt Service routine,
spooler, 6-3
Interrupts from PDP-ll to XVM,
4-25
Interrupts, XVM/RSX device
handler::>, 4-53
Interrupt vectors, 3-18

LEVEL table, 3-17
Line mode data, B-10
Line Printer driver task, B-5
Line printer operation, 2-4
Listhead (LISTHD), 3-15
Lists and tables, updating, 4-4
Loading,
ABSL11, 2-2
spooler, 5-6
system, 2-1
XVM/DOS, 2-2
XVM PIREX, 2-2, 3-1
Logic flow, PIREX, 3-11, 3-12,
3-13, 3-21, 3-22
LP driver (figure), 4-57
LPll DOS handler (figure), 4-7
LP spooling/despooling, 5-31,
5-32
LV support, optional, 3-4

MACll, 1-2
MACll Control program, 1-3
MCLOAD program, 1-3
Memory, common, 1-3, 1-4, 3-5
Memory map (figure), 1-5
Mnemonics for tasks, 3-34
fmemonics, lis t of, A-l
Modifying programs, 1-3

Peripheral processor (PDP-ll),
1-3, 1-6
Peripherals,
operation of, 2-3
UC15, 3-23
Permanent task, 4-4, 4-5, 4-6
PIREX, 1-1
active task list (figure), 3-21
background tasks, 3-4
Dequeue node (figure), 3-26
detailed operation, 3-19
device drivers, 3-3
hardware interrupts (figure),
3-24
loading, 3-1
operation (figure), 3-2
overview, 3-1
request processing (figure),
3-11
save registers (figure), 3-22
services, 3-3
simplified operation, 3-5
software directive processing,
3-27
STOP TASKS Task, 3-25
system tables and lists, 3-10
task block order, 3-34
task mnemonics, 3-34
PIREX MOVE directive, 3-36
Plotter Driver task, B-9
Plotter operation, 2-3
Poller routine, 3-17
Power Fail routine, PIREX, 3-4
Priority level,
of background tasks, 4-2
of devices, 4-2
of tasks, 4-1
Processor, PDP-ll, 1-3, 1-6
Program modification, 1-3
Programs, support, 1-2

Queueing, 1-1
NUL task, 3-5, 3-20

Operation of PIREX,
detailed, 3-19
flow chart, 3-2
simplified, 3-5
Operation of spooler, 5-5

PDP-ll Requesting Task, 4-26
Peripheral control, 1-3

.READ requests, XVM/DOS handler,
4-26
READ requests, XVM/RSX handler,
4-54
Read/Write Operations (disk),
spooler, 6-3
Registers (figure), 3-22
Request Dispatcher, spooler, 5-3,
6-5
Request Event Variable (REV), 3-9
Request procedure, 3-19
Request processing, PIREX, 3-5
flow chart, 3-11
Index-2

INDEX (CONT.)
Request servicing (figure), 3-2
Request transmission, 4-24
Requests, XVM/RSX device
handler, 4-53

Task,
code number, 3-8, 4-3
completion, 3-25
czrashes, 2-6
development, 4-1
directives, 3-29 through 3-37
entry, 4-62
format (figure), 3-6
installation, 4-4
mnemonics, 3-34
priority level, 4-1
program code, 4-56
structure, 3-5
Task Call Service routines,
spooler, 5-3
(figure), 5-30
Task Control Block Pointer (TCBP),
3-5
Task Control Blocks (TCB) , B-1
format and location for new
blocks, 4-2
format for PIREX, 3-7
format for spooler, 6-4
spooler operation, 5-5
Task Request List (TRL) , 3-15
Tasks,
PDP-II, 4-26
spooled or unspooled, 3-23
unsupported, 3-4
Task Starting Address (TEVADD),
3-17
Temporary task, 4-4, 4-5
Timed wakeup, 4-65
Transfer vector Table (SENDll),
3-18

Set up TCB and Issue Request
routine, 6-3
Software,
card reader errors, 2-5
components, 2-6, 2-7, 2-8
directive processing, 3-27
interrupt, 3-25
modification, 1-3
routines in background mode,
3-4
Software Directive task, B-3
Spooled task, 3-23
SPOLII utility routines, I-I,
5-4
Spooler, 5-1
assembly, 6-6
components, 5-2
components (figure), 5-7
design, 5-2
errors, 2-6
LP despooling, 5-32
LP spooling, 5-31
operation, 5-5, 5-36
overview, 5-1
task development, 6-1
Spooler Control program (SPOOL),
1-2
Spooler Disk Area Generation
(SPLGEN), 1-2
Spooler Installation program
(SPLOAD), 1-2
Spooler Status Report directive,
3-35
Spooling, 1-1
Stack area, 3-7
Status information, 3-1
Status report directives,
core, 3-32
errors, 3-33
spooler, 3-35
STOP TASKS task, 3-25, B-2
Support programs, 1-2
Switches,
on disk cartridge unit, 2-3
on plotter, 2-4
System tables and lists, 3-10

Wakeup feature, 4-65
.WRITE requests, XV!I1/DOS handler,
4-26
WRITE requests, XVM/RSX handler,
4-54

Table, spooler, 5-5
update, 6-5

XVM/DOS software components, 2-7
XVM/RSX software components, 2-8

UC15 peripherals, 3-23
UC15 software components, 2~7
UNICHANNEL system (figures), 1-4,
1-6
Unspooled tasks, 3-23
utility routines, spooler
(SPOLll), 5-4

Index-3

XVM UNICHANNEL
Software I>1anual
DEC-XV-XUSMA-A-D
READER'S COMHENTS
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