Digital PDFs

DEC-XV-ODGIA-A-D-XVM

March 1976

44 pages

Original

16MB

Document:	XVM/DOS Reader's Guide and Master Index
Order Number:	DEC-XV-ODGIA-A-D-XVM
Revision:
Pages:	44
Original Filename:	http://bitsavers.org/pdf/dec/pdp15/XVM/DEC-XV-ODGIA-A-D-XVM_DOS_READERS_GUIDE_AND_MASTER_INDEX.pdf

OCR Text

XVMjDOS
READER'S GUIDE AND
MASTER INDEX

XVMjDOS
READER'S GUIDE AND
MASTER INDEX
DEC. XV ·ODG IA·A·D

digital equipment corporation · maynard. massachusetts

First Printing, March 1976

The information in this document is subject to change without notice
and should not be construed as a commitment by Digital Equipment
Corporation. Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility
for any errors that may appear in this document.
The software described in this document is furnished under a license
and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such
license.
Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility for the use or
reliability of its software on equipment that is not supplied by
DIGITAL.

by Digital Equipment Corporation

The postage prepaid READER'S COMMENTS form on the last page of this
document requests the user's critical evaluation to assist us in preparing future documentation.

The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation:

DIGITAL
DEC
PDP
DECUS
UNIBUS
COMPUTER LABS
COMTEX
DDT
DECCOMM

DECsystem-10
DECtape
DIBOL
EDUSYSTEM
FLIP CHIP
FOCAL
INDAC
LAB-8
DECsystem-20

MASSBUS
OMNIBUS
OS/8
PHA
RSTS
RSX
TYPESET-8
TYPESET-IO
TYPESET-ll

CONTENTS
Page
PREFACE

CHAPTER

INTRODUCTION

1-1

CHAPTER

WHERE TO START

2-1

2.1
2.2
2.3
2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
2.3.4
2.3.4.1
2.3.4.2
2.3.5

WHO ARE YOU?
GUIDE TO APPLICABLE MANUALS
READING GUIDE
General Hanager
System Hanager
System Programmer
Applications Programmer
Interactive Applications Development
Batch Processing Applications Development
Computer Operator

2-1
2-2
2-4
2-4
2-4
2-5
2-7
2-7
2-8
2-9

CHAPTER

WHAT EACH HANUAL CONTAINS

3-1

CHAPTER

SOURCES OF SOFTWARE INFORHATION

4-1

4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6

SUBSCRIPTION SERVICES
SOFTWARE PROBLEMS
PROGRAMS AND HANUALS
USERS SOCIETY
SOFTWARE SUPPORT PEOPLE IN THE FIELD
PDP-IS CUSTOMER HOTLINE

4-1
4-1
4-1
4-2
4-3
4-3

INDEXES

S-l

CHAPTER

TABLES
TABLE

2-1

Guide to Applicable Hanuals

iii

2-2

PREFACE
This document is the starting point for all users of XVM/DOS software,
be they system managers, general managers, computer operators, system
programmers, application programmers, or simply users.
Three functions are served by this document:
1.

To introduce the reader to the set of manuals available with
XVM/DOS and guide each user to those manuals most appropriate
to his interests and the order in which they should be read.

To aid in locating information in the XVM/DOS manuals through
the MASTER INDEX.

To inform the reader of the various Software Support Services
provided by Digital.

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

XVM/DOS VIAOOO is version I of the Disk Operating System software
designed for the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) XVM and PDP-IS
computer lines.
Version I of XVM/DOS software has a set of twenty-six manuals, some
serve a general purpose and some are appropriate reading for only a
small set of people. For each user to get the most from each manual,
it is important that he understand where to look for particular kinds
of information. This is described in Chapter 2, WHERE TO START.
The complete set of manuals, their order codes, and a synopsis of each
appears in Chapter 3, WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS.
Software Support Services are important to any user. As an aid to the
user, Chapter 4 includes a chapter about the Software Support Services
provided by Digital Equipment Corporation.
As a general guide to locating information in one or more of the
XVM/DOS manuals the MASTER INDEX at the end of this document can be
quite useful. In effect it is a combination of all the manual indexes
with only the more important information retained. For learning to
use XVM/DOS, Chapter 2 is more appropriate.
Thereafter,
for
references about specific details about the system, the MASTER INDEX
can be used.

1-1

CHAPTER 2
WHERE TO START

2.1

WHO ARE YOU?

Consider the six classes of user described below, and decide which
category fits you best.
These descriptions are not meant to be
complete and there is bound to be some amount of overlap.
General Manager - At large user installations where numerous computer
systems may exist, there may be general managers who can afford only a
cursory knowledge of the software. They need to know what it is and
what it can do.
System Manager -For each computer installation there is a technical
manager who is responsible for its operation and upkeep. He receives
the XVM/DOS software from DEC, installs it on his machine, customizes
it,
and then disseminates information to other users.
He is
responsible for contracting with DEC for hardware and software support
services.
System Programmer - At some user sites the system manager will have a
staff of programmers whose job it is to augment the DEC-supplied
XVM/DOS software. There are four standard ways of doing this:
(1) by
adding software for general use which supports special peripheral
equipment, (2) by creating new, general purpose utility programs which
can be merged into the system, (3) by creating commonly used libraries
of user subroutines, and (4) by augmenting the command language of the
batch processing system.
Applications Programmer - In an oversimplification of the real world,
system programs are tools used to create application programs.
Application programs are products which produce the final results
users want to see.
The applications programmer needs to know what
system tools ace at his disposal to create his programs.
Computer Operator - XVM/DOS can be run as a batch processing system,
which usual'.y requires the presence of an operator to input card decks
for processing, to handle line printer output, etc. The operator must
know how to load and start a canned software system on the machine,
how to execute system and user programs, how to control I/O equipment,
and how to handle error recovery.
User - Th8 end us~r of the software is often not a programmer and
understan~s little of computers.
He might for example be a laboratory
techniciall who runs experiments with
equipment
monitored
and
controlled by the computer. He might be a manager whose only contact
with the system is his daily printout of sales forecasts. If you the
reader fall in this category, you are probably reading the wrong
document. Your system manager should be consulted for information on
how to use your installation's application software.

2-1

WHERE TO START
2.2

GUIDE TO APPLICABLE MANUALS

Table 2-1 lists all of the XVM/DOS manuals as they apply to different
users.
You may find after reading section 2.3 that you do not need
all the manuals recommended in your category.
For instance,
if you
choose to create application programs exclusively using the FOCAL
language, you need not (among others) read the EDIT manual because
FOCAL itself is an editor.
Note in the table that application
programmers have been divided into two categories;
those who use the
system in an on-line interactive mode
(they sit at the computer
console) and those who submit job card decks to be run by the BOSS
(batch processor) operator.

Table 2-1
Guide to Applicable Manuals

MANUALS
Concepts

File
Utilities

Languages

Xvr-ljDOS Users Manual
DEC-XV-ODMAA-A-D
UC15
XVM/DOS System Hanual
DEC-XV-ODSAA-A-D
BOSS/XVM USE~rs Manual
DEC-XV-OBUAA-A-D
PIP XVH Utility Manual
DEC-XV-UPPUA-A-D
MTDUMP XVM Utility Manual
DEC-XV-UNTUA-A-D

X
X

2-2

FORTRAN IV Language Manual
DEC-XV-LF4MA-A-D
FORTRAN IV Op. Env. Manual
DEC-XV-LF4EA-A-D
MACRO XVM Assembler
Language Manual
DEC-XV-LMALA-A-D
MACll XVM Assembler
Language ~1anual
DEC-XV-LMLAA-A-D
FOCAL XVM Language Nanual
DEC-XV-LFLGA-A-C
8TRAN XVM Utility Manual
DEC-XV-UTRNA-A-D

X
X

._ -

~v HERE

TO STAR T

Table 2-1 (Cont.)
Guide to Applica ble Manuals

MANUALS
Editors

EDIT/EDITVP/EDITVT XVM
Utility Manual
DEC-XV-UETUA-A-D

Loaders

Linking Loader XVM Utili ty
Manual
DEC-XV-ULLUA-A-D
Chain & XVM/Execute XVN
Utility Manual
DEC-XV-UCHNA-A-D

Debuggers

Graphics

Customization
~

General
Reference

DDT XVM Utility Manual
DEC-XV-UDDTA-A-D
SRCCOM XVM Utility Manual
DEC-XV-U8RCA-A-D

VTl5 XVM Graphics Software
Manual
DEC-XV-GVTAA-A-D
VTl5A XVM Graphics Software
Manual
DEC-XV-GVPAA-A-D

X
X

Update XVM Utili ty Manual
DEC-XV-UUPDA-A-D
SGEN XVM Utility Manual
DEC-XV-USUTA-A-D
PATCH XVM Utility Manual
DEC-XV-UPUMA-A-D
XVM/DOS System Installation
Manual
DEC-XV-ODSIA-A-D

DOS KBD CND Guide
DEC-XV-ODKBA-A-D
XVM/DOS Users
Guide and Master Index
DEC-XV-ODGIA-A-D
Software Dispatch Review
XV/41DOS

2-3

WHERE TO START
2.3

READING GUIDE

The remainder of this chapter is a reading guide for those learning to
use XVM/DOS software.
It is based on the highly divergent needs of
the users described in section 2.1.

2.3.1

General Manager

The manager who is interested in an overview of the software system
should begin with Chapters 1 through 4 of the XVM/DOS Users Manual.
Chapter 1 describes significant operating system features,
the
software and the hardware. Chapter 2 gives a synopsis of each major
system utility program. Chapters 3 and 4, which are at a more
technical level, describe basic system concepts such as the monitor,
data structures, input/output processing and file structures.
The XVM UNICHANNEL Software Manual is relevant to installations with
UNICHANNEL hardware.
Chapter 1 is introductory and covers both
software and hardware components.
Read Chapters 1 through 4 of the BOSS XVM Users Manual, if a
card-oriented batch processing system is of interest. Chapter 1
introduces BOSS software features;
Chapter 2, card conventions;
Chapter 3, system hardware;
and Chapter 4, details of software
features such as file structures and accounting files.

2.3.2

System Manager

The system manager should eventually read all of the XVM/DOS manuals
so that he can consult with all users of the system. At the
beginning, however, his primary interest is to get the software
installed and running on his machine.
First, he should read about basic system concepts, the hardware
environment, and the software tools provided. These are covered in
the following manuals: XVM/DOS Users Manual, XVM/DOS System Manual,
XVM UNICHANNEL Software Manual, and BOSS XVM Users Manual. From these
he will become aware of operating procedures at the monitor level,
error processing and recovery, and basic assembly language interfaces
to the system.
Next, the system manager should know how to create programs and
manipUlate data files in the interactive DOS environment.
The
EDIT/EDITVP/EDITVT XVM Utility Manual explains how source programs are
created and modified on-line.
Most XVM/ DOS software modules are
written in assembly language and the system manager must know how to
perform conditional assemblies with these programs. The MACRO XVM
Assembler Language Manual, from an operational viewpoint, is necessary
reading. The MACll XVM Assembler Language Manual is required only for
customers with UNICHANNEL hardware. To manipulate I / O devices and
perform file transfer functions, the manager must become thoroughly
familiar with the PIP XVM Utility Manual and (for users with magnetic
tape) The MTDUMP XVM Utility Manual. Part of the system installation
procedures call for the use of the Linking Loader;
the operating
procedures are discussed in a section of the XVM/DOS Keyboard Command
Guide.
Finally, the system manager needs to be aware of how the software is
supplied, how to install it, and customize it. The XVM/DOS System
Installation Guide describes how the software is packaged by DIGITAL
2-4

WHERE TO START
and the steps which must be followed to install the software on a
customer's machine.
The procedures vary according to the media on
which the software is distributed
(DECtape versus magtape), the
hardware configuration and the software options desired.
An important
part of the customizing process is done using the system generator
program described in the SGEN XVM Utility Manual.
Ancillary to the
system generator is a program called SPLGEN used to generate space on
a cartridge disk for the UNICHANNEL spooler.
The use of SPLGEN is
covered in the System Installation Guide.
For building and modifying general purpose subroutine libraries,
read
the UPDATE XVM Utility Manual.
To install programs into the system,
you will need to use programs such as PATCH, MACIMG and SPLIMG.
The
latter two are used on systems with UNICHANNEL hardware and are
described in the System Installation Guide.
The first is covered in
the PATCH XVM Utility Manual.
Once a thorough knowledge of the use of
the several utility programs is obtained, the XVM/DOS Keyboard Command
Guide will be a valuable quick reference pocket guide to operating
procedures.
After a working system has been built and a backup copy saved on tape,
the XVM/DOS checkout procedures should be run as a test of basic
system integrity.
This is described in Appendix G of the XVM/DOS
Users Manual.
The successful running of the checkout package could be
used as part of the software acceptance criteria.

2.3.3

System Programmer

The learning process for the system programmer is similar to that of
the system manager.
All the manuals listed as relevant for the system
manager, with the exception of the XVM/DOS System Installation Guide,
are also used by the system programmer.
Whereas the system manager is
mostly concerned with software concepts and operating procedures,
the
system
programmer
concentrates,
in
addition,
on programming
conventions and program development tools.
To begin with, the basics of the system should be learned by reading
the XVM/DOS Users Manual and the XVM/DOS System Manual.
Rereading the
latter will certainly be necessary after hands-on familiarity with the
software is gained.
Chapter 7 describes how the user can write I/O
device handlers for
special customer peripheral equipment.
The
remainder of the manual contains flow charts and diagrams of the major
system components and information tables.
If the
installation has UNICHANNEL hardware,
the XVM Unichannel
Software Manual is basic reading.
In addition to giving an overview
of the hardware and software components, the manual also describes the
detailed theory of operation of the PDP-II PIREX monitor, I/O drivers,
and spooler, as well as how to write your own drivers and spoolers.
The BOSS XVM Users Manual is another basic system level manual which
should be read if your
installation will run card-oriented batch
processing.
The BOSS command language is implemented in a set of
source level, easily modified and augmented procedure files.
The
creation of new procedure files, described in the manual,
is another
role of the system programmer.
Here it is assumed that system programming is done almost entirely in
assembler language.
For the IS-bit machines, (XVM and PDP-IS) read
the MACRO XVM Assembler Language Manual.
If there is a UNICHANNEL (16
bit)
front-end processor on the IS-bit machine, read the MACII XVM
Assembler Language Manual too.
There is one additional language
2-5

WHERE TO START
consideration.
If there are programs written in PDP-8 assembler
language which you wish to convert to run on an XVM or PDP-IS, the
information is in the BTRAN XVM Utility Manual. Note, however, that
none of the XVM/ DOS software requires the use of STRAN.
Program source preparation is normally performed on-line through the
use of an interactive editor described in the EDIT/EDITVP/EDITVT XVM
Utility Manual. Program and data file manipulation are covered in the
PIP XVM Utilit y Manual.
Two methods of user program loading and
execution are the subjects of the LINKING LOADER XVM Utility Manual
and the CHAIN XVM/ EXECUTE XVM Utility Manual. The Linking Loader
manual gives details about the structure of relocatable binary program
files, which are created by both the FORTRAN and MACRO language
processors and which are accepted input for the Linking Loader, CHAIN,
the Task Builder
(which is a component of RSX software systems) and
.SYSLD (the DOS System Loader).
Often-used system utility programs are stored on disk in core-image
form and can be executed simply by typing their names to the monitor
(e.g., MACRO) and do not require explicitly calling a loader.
The
result is a fast response time. System programmers can create their
own "system" programs (subject to restrictions mentioned in the PATCH
manual listed below).
Written as relocatable binary modules, the
programs can be run by the Linking Loader and debugged with the use of
an on-line debugging program described in the DDT XVM Utility Manual.
Once the program is working well, it can be installed as a core-image
system program.
Space on the disk and a program attribute table is
reserved by the SGEN program (read the SGEN XVM Utility Manual), and
the relocatable binary file
is converted into core image form and
stored in the disk space reserved by SGEN by the PATCH program (read
the PATCH XVM Utility Manual).
Part of the software supplied with XVM/DOS is a file containing close
to a hundred subroutines which constitute the FORTRAN arithmetic and
science library as well as the FORTRAN Object Time System (OTS).
Mechanisms exist in the binary output of the language processors to
ask the loaders to find particular routines in a library file and to
load and link them with the user program.
In addition to the
DEC-supplied system library, there can exist a user library, one
presumably maintained by a system programmer. The program used to
create user libraries is covered in the UPDATE XVM utility Manual.
Additional debugging aids are UDMP XVM, QDMP XVM and DUMP XVM for
dumping core memory onto DECtape or line printer (see the XVM/DOS
Keyboard Command Guide) and a program to compare two source files and
list differences
(see the SRCCOM XVM Utility Manual). The Keyboard
Command Guide is a pocket reference guide to the operating and error
recovery procedures of the system utility programs. It is very useful
once an understanding of each program is gained by reading the
individual utility manuals.
Five sanctioned methods of system modification have been described:
1.

System tailoring by using SGEN

Creation of new device I/O handlers

Creation of core-image "system" programs

Creation of new BOSS procedure files to augment
language

Creation of user subroutine libraries

2-6

the

command

WHERE TO START
2.3.4

Applications Programmer

The applications programmer uses an existing software system as a
tool. Some customers run their systems entirely in a batch processing
mode. This means that the applications programmer gets no hands-on
use of the machine; rather, he sUbmits job card decks to the computer
operator and later picks up the
results
(printouts) .
Other
installations run completely in an interactive mode, which means that
the programmer creates and tests his programs by directly controlling
the system from the console keyboard of the machine. There are
different learning processes for each of these modes of operation as
is described below.

2.3.4.1 Interactive Applications Development - The interactive user
should first study the basics of XVM/DOS by reading the XVM/DOS Users
Manual. This manual describes what services the monitor performs, how
input/output programming is accomplished at the assembler language
level, how the file structures are used on disk and tape and what
forms executable programs may take. He will learn how to load and to
start the system and how to control it by giving commands to the
monitor from the console keyboard.
A good deal of information is
given about the functional characteristics of the DIGITAL-supported
I/O devices, which all users should know.
The most generally used utility programs in DOS are PIP and MTDUMP
(the latter used only for magnetic tape). They are used to initialize
I/O devices (for example, to create or clear a tape directory) and to
transfer program and data files from one device to another. Read the
PIP XVM utility Manual and the MTDUMP XVM Utility Manual.
Next a choice of implementation language must be made. FORTRAN is the
most often used, because of its universality in the computer industry
and ease of program implementation. It is described in the FORTRAN IV
XVM Language Manual and the FORTRAN IV XVM Operating Environment
Manual. There is also the MACRO XVM Assembler Language Manual which
explains how to program in assembly language for the XVM or PDP-IS
(18-bit) computers. Assembly language offers the programmer more
freedom in structuring code, and often requires less core and compute
time to run than would a comparable FORTRAN program. On the negative
side, it takes longer to write programs, there is more room for error
and the programs are written in a language which is probably not
understood
by
any other class of machine and hence are not
transportable. It is possible to write FORTRAN main programs which
call MACRO language subroutines. The MACRO subroutines must conform
to the FORTRAN protocol covered in the FORTRAN IV XVM Operating
Environment Manual.
A third choice of language is FOCAL. It is an
easy language to learn (on a par with FORTRAN).
Unlike FORTRAN and
MACRO, FOCAL is an interpreter and does not generate binary code from
source code which must later be linked and loaded.
It has the
advantage that programs can be created, run, and modified all under
control of the FOCAL utility program. This program implementation is
simple and fast compared with the others.
However, FOCAL is a
language unique to DIGITAL and thus not universal. Read the FOCAL XVM
Language Manual.
Prcgram creation can be performed off-line
(prepared on cards);
however, in an interactive system, most programs are created and
modified with a program called the EDITOR (see EDIT/EDITVP/EDITVT XVM
Utility Manual). FOCAL programs, however are created using FOCAL (see
the FOCAL XVM Language Manual).

2-7

WHERE TO START
FORTRAN and MACRO program execution is covered in the LINKING LOADER
XVM Utility Manual and the CHAIN XVM/ EXECUTE XVM utility Manual.
The
former is a load-and-go facility;
the latter builds an intermediate
execute file and gives the capability of building programs with core
overlays to achieve the effect of a much larger machine.
FOCAL
programs are loaded and executed by the FOCAL utility program.
The following debugging aids exist.
For programs loaded using the
Linking Loader,
an on-line interactive debugging program can be used
(see the DDT XVM Utility Manual).
DDT is not normally used by the
FORTRAN programmer because its use requires a knowledge of the machine
language output generated by the compiler.
Sometimes it is useful
to
compare two source files and to list their differences.
This is
described in the SRCCOM XVM Utility Manual.
Three core dumping
utilities,
UDMP XVM,
QDMP XVM,
and DUMP XVM, are explained in the
XVM/DOS Keyboard Command Guide.
Two additional manuals are available for
the FORTRAN or MACRO
programmer who needs to generate pictures or text to be displayed on
the VPISA storage scope or the VTlS graphics display.
The relevant
manuals are the VPISA XVM Graphics Software Manual and the VTIS XVM
Graphics Software Manual.
Once the user has gained a working knowledge of the various utility
programs,
the XVM/DOS Keyboard Command Guide,
a pocket reference
guide, will be invaluable for looking up operating and error
recovery
procedures.

2.3.4.2 Batch Processing Applications Development - The
primary
document
for
applications programmers who use DOS as a batch
processing system is the BOSS XVM Users Manual.
It describes enough
of the DOS concepts (for example, the disk file structure) so that a
reading of the XVM/DOS Users Manual is not necessary except to learn
in more depth the operating system capabilities. Assuming that BOSS
is run by a computer operator, the applications programmer need only
concentrate on learning card format conventions and JOB control
commands.
The most generally used utility programs in DOS are PIP and MTDUMP
(the latter used only for magnetic tape).
They are used to initialize
I / O devices (for example, to create or clear a tape directory) and to
transfer program and data files from one device to another.
Read the
PIP XVM Utility Manual and the MTDUMP XVM utility Manual.
Most of the
PIP information is also covered in the BOSS XVM Users Manual and many
PIP commands are directly implemented in the batch command language.
As in the case of the interactive applications programmers,
a choice
of implementation language must be made.
The most often used, because
of its universality in the computer industry and ease of program
implementation is FORTRAN, described in the FORTRAN IV XVM Language
Manual and the FORTRAN IV Operating Environment Manual.
There is also
the MACRO XVM Assembler Language Manual which explains how to program
in assembly language for
the XVM or PDP-IS
(18-bit)
computers.
Assembly language offers the programmer more freedom in structuring
code, and often requires less core and compute time to run than would
a comparable FORTRAN program.
On the negative side, it takes longer
to write programs, there is more room for error and the programs are
written in a language which is probably not understood by any other
class of machine and hence are not transportable.
It is possible to
write FORTRAN main programs which call MACRO language subroutines.
The MACRO subroutines must conform to the FORTRAN protocol covered in
the FORTRAN IV XVM Operating Environment Manual.
2-8

WHERE TO START
Program and data preparation is normally done off-line on a card
punch. BOSS has a line editing feature, explained in Chapter 5 of the
BOSS XVM Users Manual, which permits the user to create a new file on
disk from data cards or to edit an existing disk file by inserting or
substituting data on cards and by deleting unwanted lines.
The loading and execution of FORTRAN and MACRO user programs is
controlled by the programs described in the CHAIN XVM/EXECUTE XVM
Utility Manual. CHAIN builds an intermediate execute file, which can
be a single core load or which may have multiple overlays to achieve
the effect of a much larger machine.
For off-line debugging, BOSS provides commands to dump core memory and
to list it on a line printer. The commands are described in Chapter 6
of the BOSS XVM Users Manual. There also exists a command to compare
two source files and list their differences.
The program which
performs this function is described in the SRCCOM XVM Utility Manual.
Once the user has gained a working knowledge of the various utility
programs, the XVM/DOS Keyboard Command Guide, a pocket reference
guide, will be invaluable for referencing operating and error recovery
procedures.

2.3.5

Computer Operator

The operator of the batch processing system does not need to know how
to program the computer but does need to know what the monitor and
system utility programs do and must be able to call them into
execution.
The two manuals to be read first are the XVM/DOS Users
Manual and the BOSS XVM Users Manual. The first describes the system
features and the hardware/software environment.
The loading and
operating procedures are covered in Chapters 7 through 10 and
information about system error messages appear in the appendices.
Chapters 5 and 6 can be disregarded because they relate solely to
programming.
All of the BOSS manual should be read even though there
may be some of the same information as in the DOS manual.
Chapter 2
covers the card format conventions; Chapter 5, the syntax of the BOSS
command language; Chapter 6, the control commands;
and Chapter 7,
the operating procedures.
References are made throughout the BOSS Users Manual to the several
DOS utility program manuals.
Actually, the operating and error
recovery procedures are described equally well in the XVM/DOS Keyboard
Command Guide. There are two utility programs which should be studied
in depth. Read the PIP XVM Utility Manual and, if the system has
magtape,
the MTDUMP XVM Utility Manual.
They explain how to
initialize I/O devices and how to transfer program and data files from
one device to another.

2-9

CHAPTER 3
WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS

Below is a list of all the XVM/DOS VIAOOO manuals with a brief
synopsis of the function of each. In parentheses following the manual
title is the order code (i.e., DEC-XX-XXXXX-X-D), which is an
identification number to be used when ordering additional copies.
General System Concepts Manuals
XVM/DOS Users Manual (DEC-XV-ODMAA-A-D)
This manual describes the features of DOS and the
basic
programming concepts and operating procedures of the system.
BOS XVM Users Manual (DEC-XV-OBUAA-A-D)
This is the principal document for the batch processing system.
It encompasses system features, concepts, command language and
operating procedures.
XVM UNICHANNEL Software Manual (DEC-XV-XUSMA-A-D)
The UNICHANNEL front end hardware is used primarily for I/O
device support to XVM and PDP-IS computer systems. This manual
describes the hardware and software
components,
operating
procedures, and program design theory so that the customer may
implement support for other I/O devices.
XVM/DOS System Manual (DEC-XV-ODSAA-A-D)
Detailed flowcharts showing operation of major components of DOS
and BOSS and an explanation of the structure of vital system
information blocks and tables are given.
Also shown
are
instructions for writing new I/O device handlers.
File Utilities Manuals
PIP XVM Utility Manual (DEC-XV-UPPUA-A-D)
This manual describes and illustrates the features provided by
the XVM Utility program DOSPIP. This utility program operates
only within the XVM Disk Operating System
(DOS)
monitor
environment.
PIP is a general-purpose system utility program
used
to
initialize devices and to transfer program and data files from
one device to another.

3-1

WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
MTDUMP XVM Utility Manual (DEC-XV-UMTUA-A-D)
The operation and use of the Magnetic Tape DUMP utility program
within the XVM Advanced Monitor environment is described in this
manual.
MTDUMP is a system utility program designed to manipulate and
display data on directoried and non-directoried magtape. MTDUMP
provides for magtape functions not implemented in PIP.
Language Manuals
FORTRAN IV XV1-t Language Manual (DEC-XV-LF4MA-A-D)
This manual describes the elements of
supported by XVM/DOS.

the

FORTRAN

language

FORTRAN IV XVM Operating Environment Manual (DEC-XV-LF4EA-A-D)
The FORTRAN compiler and Object Time System (OTS) routines for
XVM/DOS
are
explained in this manual.
It contains both
programming information and operating procedures.
MACRO XVM Assembler Language Manual (DEC-XV-LMALA-A-D)
This manual explains how to write a program in MACRO XVM
assembler language and how to operate the assembler. MACRO
programs run on XVM or PDP-15 (18-bit) computers.
MACII XVM Assembler Language Manual (DEC-XV-LMLAA-A-D)
This manual describes the elements of programming in MACII
assembler language designed for UNICHANNEL (16-bit) computers.
Also included are operating procedures of the assembler itself.
FOCAL XVM Language Manual (DEC-XV-LFLGA-A-D)
The FOCAL language and operating procedures
interpreter are described in this manual.

for

the

FOCAL

8TRAN XVM utility Manual (DEC-XV-UTRNA-A-D)
The operation and use of the DOS/XVM
described in this manual.

Utility

Program

BTRAN

PDP-8 assembler language programs can be converted to MACRO XVM
assembler
language format using the 8TRAN utility program
described in this manual.
Editor Manual
EDIT/EDITVP/EDITVT XVM Utility Manual (DEC-XV-UETUA-A-D)
Creation and modification of program and data files can be
performed with one of three editing utility programs described in
this manual. EDIT is used on a teletypewriter, EDITVP can be
used also with a VPl5A storage scope, and EDITVT can be used with
a VTl5 graphic display.

3-2

WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
Loader Manuals
LINKING LOADER XVM Utility Manual (DEC-XV-ULLUA-A-D)
This manual describes the structure of relocatable binary files
(the output of FORTRAN IV XVM and MACRO XVM) and library files,
which is relevant to the Linking Loader, CHAIN,
.SYSLD, UPDATE
and
(in RSX systems) the Task Builder utility programs. Also
described are the procedures for operating the Linking Loader,
which loads binary programs directly into core memory for
execution.
CHAIN XVM/EXECUTE XVM Utility Manual (DEC-XV-UCHNA-A-D)
This manual describes the operation of two utility programs,
CHAIN and EXECUTE. CHAIN builds executable program files on disk
which can then be quickly loaded and run by EXECUTE.
CHAINed
programs may consist of a single core load or may have multiple
overlays.
Debugging Program Manuals
DDT XVM Utility Manual (DEC-XV-UDDTA-A-D)
DDT is an on-line, interactive debugging program used
in
conjunction with programs run by the Linking Loader. This manual
describes its operation.
SRCCOM XVM Utility Manual (DEC-XV-USRCA-A-D)
This manual describes the operation of the SRCCOM utility program
which is used to compare two source files and to print their
differences.
Graphics Programming Manuals
VTl5 XVM Graphics Software Manual (DEC-XV-GVTAA-A-D)
This manual describes the Digital XVM VTl5 Graphics Subprogram
Package and is primarily concerned with those display subroutines
and calling user programs employed to exhibit information and
communicate with the computer. VTl5 generates display commands
that allow the user to define display

elements

and

direct

the

linking, displaying and deleting of those elements.
VPl5A XVM Graphics Software Manual (DEC-XV-GVPAA-A-D)
The VPl5A Graphics Software Manual consists of an I/O device
handler program, several subprograms, and an ASCII text line
editing program. The purpose of this software is to provide the
user with a simplified means for programming the VPl5A Storage
Tube Display System by eliminating the need for
detailed
familiarity with the hardware.
System Customization Manuals
UPDATE XVM Utility Manual (DEC-XV-UUPDA-A-D)
This manual describes the operation and use of the UPDATE utility
Program.
The UPDATE Program provides users with the ability to
create, examine and revise the binary library files of the
XVM/DOS and Background/Foreground Monitor System.
3-3

WHAT EACH MANUAL CONTAINS
SGEN XVM Utility Manual

(DEC-XV-USUTA-A-D)

This manual describes
the
XVM/15 System Generator
Utility
Program, DOSGEN, and gives other information needed by the system
manager for installation and maintenance of the XVM/DOS system.
PATCH XVM Utility Manual

(DEC-XV-UPUMA-A-D)

This manual describes the operation and use of the PATCH Utility
program.
The PATCH utility program enables the user to view and
modify system programs and data on specific device data blocks.
XVM/DOS System Installation Guide

(DEC-XV-ODSIA-A-D)

This manual is a getting-on-the-air document aiding the
building a system for installation.

user

General Reference Manuals
XVM/DOS Keyboard Command Guide

(DEC-XV-ODKBA-A-D)

This is a quick reference, pocket guide to
the operating and
error
recovery procedures of the monitor and the system utility
programs.
XVM/DOS User's Guide And Master Index

(DEC-XV-ODGIA-A-D)

This is the starting point for all
users of
Its purpose is to introduce the reader to
available with XVM/DOS and guide the
user
applicable.
Also included is a Master Index
information in the XVM/DOS manuals.
Software Dispatch Review:

XVM/ DOS software.
the set of manuals
to
those manuals
to aid in locating

XVM/DOS

This is a monthly publication intended for th e
DIGITAL software
user.
It publishes new and
revised software announcements,
programming notes, software problems and solutions,
patches and
documentation corrections.

3-4

CHAPTER 4
SOURCES OF SOFTWARE INFORMATION

4.1

SUBSCRIPTION SERVICES

The Software Maintenance Service provides support packages for the
XVM/DOS Software.
There are two levels of support available, each
with a fixed annual price.

4.2

SOFTWARE PROBLEMS

Any questions or problems relating to
reported as follows:

DIGITAL's

Software

should

North and South American Submitters:
Upon completion of the Software Performance Report (SPR) form,
the last copy and send the remainder to:

remove

Software Communications
P.O. Box F
Maynard, Massachusetts 01754
An acknowledgement copy will be returned along with a blank SPR form
upon receipt. The acknowledgement will contain a DIGITAL assigned SPR
number. The SPR number or the preprinted number should be referenced
in any future correspondence. Additional SPR forms may be obt~ined
from the above address.
All International Submitters:
Upon completion of the SPR form, reserve the last copy and
remainder to the SPR Center in the nearest DIGITAL office.
are also available from our SPR Centers.

4.3

send the
SPR forms

PROGRAMS AND MANUALS

Software and manuals should be ordered by title and order number.
the United States, send orders to the nearest distribution center.

Digital Equipment Corporation
Software Distribution Center
1400 Terra Eella
Mountain View, California 94043

Digital Equipment Corporation
Software Distribution Center
146 Main Street
Maynard, Massachusetts 01754

Outside of the united States, orders should be directed
nearest Digital Field Sales Office or representative.
4-1

the

SOURCES OF SOFTWARE INFORMATION
4.4

USERS SOCIETY

DECUS, Digital Equipment Computers Users Society, maintains a user
exchange center for
user-written programs and technical application
information. The Library contains approximately 1,900 programs for
all DIGITAL computer lines.
Executive routines, editors, debuggers,
special functions, games, maintenance and various other classes of
programs are available.
DECUS Program Library Catalogs are routinely updated and contain lists
and abstracts of all programs according to computer line:
PDP-B, FOCAL-B, BASIC-B, PDP-12
PDP-7/9, 9, 15
PDP-ll, RSTS-ll
PDP-6/10, 10
Forms and information on acquiring and sUbmitting programs
DECUS Library may be obtained from the DECUS office.

the

In addition to the catalogs, DEC US also publishes the following:
DECUSCOPE

-The
Society's
bi-monthly
bulletin
aimed
at
disseminating news items concerning the Society.
Circulation reached 22,000 in May, 1975.

PROCEEDINGS OF
THE DIGITAL
EQUIPMENT USERS
SOCIETY

-Contains technical papers presented at DECUS
Symposia held twice a year in the United States,
once a year in Europe, Australia, and Canada.

MINUTES OF THE
DECsystem-lO
SESSIONS

-A report of the DECsystem-lO sessions held at the
two United States DECUS Symposia.

COPY-N-Mail

-A monthly
users.

LUG/SIG

and Special
-Mailing of Local User Group
(LUG)
Interest Group (SIG) communique, aimed at providing
closer communication among users of a specific
product or application.

mailed

communique

among

DECsystem-lO

Further information on the DECUS Library, publications, and other
DECUS activities is available from the DECUS offices listed below:
Europe:

Australia and New Zealand:

DECUS Executive Secretary
Digital Equipment Corporation
Corporation
81 Route de L'Aire
1227 Carouge/Geneva
2065
Switzerland

DEC US Executive Secretary
Digital Equipment
P.O. Box 491
Crows Nest, New South Wales
Australia

ALL OTHERS:
DEC US
Digital Equipment Corporation
Main Street/PK3-1/E55
Maynard,Massachusetts 01754
USA

4-2

SOURCES OF SOFTWARE INFORMATION
4.S

SOFTWARE SUPPORT PEOPLE IN THE FIELD

In case of software problems, call your branch office.
They will give
you
the name of the Software specialist in your area.
Call your area
specialist and describe the problem.
The specialist will either
answer your question immediately or return your call within a matter
of days.
If the problem is complex, the specialist will refer
it to
the Home Office Software Support Service in Marlboro, Massachusetts.
The Home Office will in turn contact you directly or through your area
specialist.
Alternately,
they may suggest that you complete a
Software Performance Report (SPR).
If the software problem is one that demands immediate attention, refer
it to the Customer HOTLINE service (refer to paragraph 4.6).

4.6

PDP-IS CUSTOMER HOTLINE

The HOTLINE is a
new customer
service established by the PDP-IS
Marketing group.
If there are software problems that demand immediate
attention and you are having trouble contacting your
software
specialist,
you can call either (617) 481-9511, extension 6789, or
(617) 897-5111, extension 81-6789.
Your questions will · be answered
promptly,
usually within 24 hours.
If your call is not during normal
business hours, an answering service will take your message, and your
call will be returned on the next working day.

4-3

CHAPTER 5
INDEXES

Two indexes covering the entire group of XVM!DOS manuals will help you
find information on specific topics.
The XVM!DOS Master Index (Section 5.2) refers to pages containing general discussions of the listed topics. Some topics are so completely
discussed in one manual that reference to individual page numbers is
not practical. In such cases, the references lack page numbers. For
detailed references, use the index at the back of the indicated manual.
The Index to XVM!DOS Program and Listing Examples (Section 5.3) generally represents those examples that are one page or more in length.
Many shorter examples occur throughout the XVM!DOS manuals.
The format of entries for each index is:
Topic, MNEMONIC page
Example:
Control cards, BOSS 5-5
Interpretation:
Page 5-5 of the BOSS XVM User's Manual discusses control cards.
The list in Section 5.1 shows the mnemonic associated with each manual.

5-1

5.1

MNEMONICS USED IN ~~STER INDEX

Mnemonic

Manual Title

BOSS

BOSS XVM USER'S

CHAIN

CHAIN XVM/EXECUTE XVM UTILITY MANUAL

DDT

DDT XVM UTILITY MANUAL

EDIT

EDIT/EDITVP/EDITVT XVM UTILITY MANUAL

8TRAN

8TRAN XVM UTILITY MANUAL

FOCAL

FOCAL XVM LANGUAGE MANUAL

FORTLA

FORTRAN IV XVM LANGUAGE MANUAL

FORTOP

FORTRAN IV XVM OPERATING ENVIRONMENT
MANUAL

LINK

LINKING LOADER XVM UTILITY MANUAL

MACll

MACll XVM ASSEMBLER LANGUAGE MANUAL

MACRO

MACRO XVM ASSEMBLER LANGUAGE MANUAL

MTDUMP

MTDUMP XVM UTILITY ~ffiNUAL

PATCH

PATCH XVM UTILITY MANUAL

PIP

PIP XVM UTILITY MANUAL

SGEN

SGEN XVM UTILITY MANUAL

~~NUAL

SRCCOM

SRCCOM XVM UTILITY MANUAL

UPDATE

UPDATE XVM UTILITY ~~NUAL

VP15A

VP15A XVM GRAPHICS SOFTWARE MANUAL

VT15

VT15 XVM. GRAPHICS SOFT\\TARE MANUAL

DOSSYS

XVM/DOS SYSTEM MANUAL

DOSUSR

XVM/DOS USERS MANUAL

DOSVIA

XVM/DOS VIA SYSTEM INSTALLATION GUIDE

UNISOF

XVM UNICHANNEL SOFTWARE MANUAL

5-2

5.2

MASTER INDEX TO ALL XVM/DOS MANUALS

Abbreviation of commands,
FOCAL 2-11
MTDUMP 3-3
Abbreviations and acronyms, list
of,
DOSUSR H-l
PIP C-l
UNISOF A-I
see also: Mnemonics
ABORT requests, UNISOF 4-53
ABSL11 (bootstrap load program)
UNISOF 1-2, 2-1, 2-2
Absolute address mode, MAC1l 4-4
Account records, BOSS 4-18
Acronyms,
see: Abbreviations
Active Task List (ATL), UNISOF
3-10
Address assignments, MACRO 2-13
Addresses, negative, MAC11 1-6
Addressing capability, DOSVIA A-1
Addressing modes,
MAC11 1-4, 4-1, B-2
MACRO 2-14, 2-15
Alphanumeric literals, FORTLA
2-11
Alphanumeric numbers, FOCAL 2-11
Angle brackets «» usage, MAC1l
5-13
ANSI standard FORTRAN, extensions
and restrictions to, FORTLA
E-l
API,
DOSSYS 2-6, 3-3, 3-10, 8-1
DOSUSR 8-25
see also: Interrupts
API hardware channel register
setup, DOSSYS 8-4
API software interrupt, DOSSYS
2-25, 2-27
Argument delimiters, MACRO 4-6
Arithmetic, 8TRAN 3-2
EAE 5-1
floating point 6-1
Arithmetic functions, FORTOP
3-1, 3-14
Arithmetic operators,
8TRAN 3-2
FOCAL 2-4
FORTLA 2-19
FORTOP A-I
MACRO 2-12
Arithmetic package, FORTOP 3-14,
3-17
Arrays,
FOCAL 4-6, 5-4
FORTLA 2··14, 5-8, 8-5

ASCII character set,
DOSUSR A-I
8TRAN 3-2, 3-3, 7-4
FORTLA A-2
MAC11 5-10, A-I
MACRO A-I
ASCII-Hollerith correspondence,
BOSS 2-2
ASCII packing routines,
DOSUSR B-1
8TRAN 3-2
Assembly language,
see:
8TRAN, MACl1, MACRO
Assembly parameters for XVI-tlDOS
V1AOOO, DOSV1A E-1
Autoincrement address mode,
MAC11 4-2
Autoincrement deferred address
mode, MAC11 4-3
Auto-index registers, 8TRAN 2-2
Automatic build process, DOSV1A
2-21
Automatic Priority Interrupt,
see: API
Auxiliary routine scheduler,
DOSSYS 3-10, 3-11
AUXIO routines, FORTOP 2-7

Background task priority, UNISOF
4-2
Bad Allocation Table (BAT),
DOSSYS 7-18
PIP 3-43
Bank bit initialization, PATCH 3-4
Batch operating software system,
see: BOSS
Baud rate, BOSS 3-4
BcnIO routines, FORTOP 2-5
Binary operators,
FORTLA 2-19
MAC1l 3-5, 3-12
Binary output, LINK 2-1
Binary record, FORTOP 2-12
BINIO routines, FORTOP 2-6
BLOCKDATA subprograms, LINK 1-2
Block prea1location, DOSSYS 7-16
Blocks, disk resident, DOSSYS 6-1,
6-·10
Block selection for patching,
PATCH 2-3
Blocks of storage, reserving,
MACRO 3-22
Blocks used and built by loaders,
DOSSYS 5-2
Boolean operators, MACRO 2-12

5-3

INDEX (Cont.)
Bootstrap changes, DOSVIA A-17
Bootstrapping, DOSVIA 2-19
BOSS commands changed, DOSVIA
A-36
BOSS FORTRAN-callable routines,
FORTOP 2-18
Branch instruction addressing,
MACll 4-6, B-8
Breakpoints, DDT 2-7, 4-13
Buffer overflow, EDIT 3-6
Buffer pool,
BOSS 4-17
DOSUSR 5-4
Buffers,
DOSSYS 5-6, 7-14
DOSUSR 6-14
Building an overlay structure,
CHAIN 7-1
Build procedure, DOSVIA 1-3,
2-24
BUILD program internal documentation, DOSV1A D-l

Characters, nonprinting, ~~CRO
3-10
Characters reserved to system,
BOSS 5-7
Checksum errors,
PIP 3-20, 3-27
UNISOF 2-2
Clock interrupts, DOSSYS 3-3
Clock request table (CLTABL),
UNISOF 3-16, 4-44
Clock routines,
DOSSYS 3-14, 3-15
FORTOP 4-7
Clock Task wakeup feature,
UNISOF 3-5, 4-65
Code numbers for tasks, UNISOF
4-3
Codes, ASCII,
see: ASCII characters
Codes, Hollerith,
see: Hollerith
COMBLK, DOSSYS 6-9
Command abbreviations,
see: Abbreviation of commands
Commands, keyboard control,
DOSUSR 8-1
Commands,
see: the specific program
or system manual
Comments,
FOCAL 3-8
FORTLA 1-2, 1-6
MACll 1-2, 2-3, 3-2, 6-1
MACRO 2-1, 2-23, 4-2
COMMON blocks,
CHAIN 2-2
FORTOP 5-3
LINK 1-2
MACRO 3-11
COMMON storage,
FORTLA 5-6
UNISOF 1-3
Communications link to DECsystem10, DOSUSR 1-12
Compare programs, SRCCOM 1-1
Compare tapes, MTDUMP 3-17
Concatenation, MACRO 4-8
Conditional assembly directives,
r.1ACH 5-18
Conditional assembly pseudo-ops,
r.1ACRO 3-15
Conditional branch instructions,
MACH 1-6
Configuration, DOSVIA 7-2, A-2
see also: Hardware
Constants, FORTLA 2-4
Control cards, BOSS 5-5, 8-6
Control character routines,
DOSSYS 2-8

Calculations, scientific,
see: FORTLA
CAL functions, DOSSYS 2-17
CAL handler, DOSSYS 3-3, 3-5
Card input, PIP 3-25
Card reader,
BOSS 7-2
8TRAN 4-2, 7-2
Card reader driver task, UNISOF
B-7
Card reader operation, UNISOF
2-4
Cards, punched,
BOSS 2-1, 7-2
FORTLA 1-4
Carriage control, FORTLA 7-22
Cathode ray tube, VP15A 1-2
CHAIN and EXECUTE changes,
DOSVIA A-22
Chaining FOCAL programs, FOCAL
5-5
Character deletion,
BACll 7-2
PIP 1-3
Character packing, 8TRAN 3-2,
3-3
Characters, alphanumeric,
FOCAL 2-12
Character set,
FORTLA A-I
MACll 3-1, A-I, B-1
Character set, ASCII,
see: ASCII character set
Characters, macro, ~ffiCRO C-l

5-4

INDEX (Cont.)
Control characters, PIP 1-3
Control statements, FORTLA 4-1
Copy operation, PIP 3-37, 3-39
Core allocation,
CHAIN D-l, E-l
DOSUSR 8-17
Core dump,
BOSS 6-52
DOSSYS 2-17
Core image, DOSSYS 2-18, 5-1
Core image save/restore commands,
DOSUSR 8-20
Core overlays,
see: CHAIN
Core status report directive,
UNISOF 3-32
Core storage, MACll 1-5, 3-8
see also: Memory, Storage
Correcting programs,
see: Editing
Corrections, typing,
see: Control characters
Creating files,
see: UPDATE
Creating symbolic source programs and ASCII text,
see: EDIT

Decimal numbers (cont.),
MACRO 2-10, 3-21
see also: Numbers
DECsystem-10 communications link,
DOSUSR 1-12
DECtape "A" handler, DOSSYS A-I
DECtape controller, 8TRAN 4-2
DEC tape directories, PIP 3-4
DECtape file structure,
DOSSYS 7-1
DOSUSR 4-6
Deletion of lines or characters,
see: Control characters
Device assignment,
see: the specific program
or system manual
Device Assignment Table (.DAT),
DOSSYS 6-13
DOSUSR 6-16
Device driver changes, DOSVIA A-ll
Device drivers (PIREX), UNISOF 3-3,
4-55
Device handlers,
BOSS 4-17
DOSSYS 6-10, 7-14, 8-1, 8-7,
A-l, B-1
DOSUSR 9-1
8TRAN 4-3
FORTOP 2-3
MACRO 5-10
PATCH B-2
SRCCOM 2-1
UNISOF 4-6
VP15A 2-1
VTlS 6-1, 8-1
Devices and mnemonics, PIP 2-7
Devices for output, FORTLA 7-22
Devices sharing API level,
DOSVIA C-l
Device table, DOSSYS 6-12
Direct addressing,
8TRAN 2-2
MACRO 2-14
Direct assignment statement,
MAC11 3-6
MACRO 2-3
Direct file access, DOSUSR 4-4
Directive processing, UNISOF
3-27, 3-29, 5-3
Directives, MAC1l 5-1, B-10
Directoried DECtape, DOSSYS 7-1
Directoried devices,
8TRAN 8-3
FORTLA 6-2, 6- 41
PIP 3-13
SRCCOM 2-4
Directory output,
BOSS 6-16
FORTOP 2-2
Directory protection codes, PIP
2-13, 3-36

Data files, EDIT 2-3
Data modes,
BOSS 5-18
DOSUSR 6-6
FORTOP 4-2
PIP 2-11, 3-14
Data storage,
DOSUSR 4-1
MACll 5-8
see also: Block, Core,
Memory, Storage
Data structures, FORTOP 2-2
Data types, FORTLA 2-3, 2-17,
2-22
DAT reassignment, BOSS 6-5
.DAT slot assignments,
see: the specific program
or system manual
.DAT slots, DOSSYS 5-2, 5-6,
6-9
.DAT/.UFDT relationship, DOSUSR
4-9
DDIO routines, FORTOP 2-13
DDT changes, DOSV1A A-20
Debugging,
see: DDT manual
Debugging programs (QDMP XVM
and UDMPll), DOSUSR G-l
Decimal numbers,
8TRAN 3-2
5-5

INDEX (Cont.)
Disk cartridge operation,
UNISOF 2-3, 2-5
Disk driver task, UNISOF B-3
Disk file organization,
BOSS 4-15
DOSSYS 7-12
DOSUSR 4-7
Disk operating system,
see: DOSSYS, DOSUSR
Disk restoration (DOSSAV),
DOSUSR 7-3
DOSV1A 2-15, A-15
SGEN A-I
Displays,
see: Graphics
DO list, implied, FORT LA. 6-5
DO loops, FORTLA. 4-8
DOS directoried FORTRAN subroutines, FORTOP 2-15
DOSSAV,
see: Disk restoration
Double-operand instructions,
MACll B-4
DTCOPY, DOSV1A A-40
Dual operating environment
(DOS/BOSS), BOSS 1-1
Dummy arguments in macros,
MACRO 4-1
Dump file operations,
see: MTDUMP
Dynamic Debugging Technique
(DDT) ,
see: DDT manual

External LINKs, CHAIN 2-1

Fields in statements,
BOSS 5-4, 5-7
FORTLA 1-6, 7-3
MACll 2-1 through 2-4
MACRO 2-1, 2-17
File bit map, DOSSYS 7-3
File creation, examination, and
revision,
see: UPDATE
File dump,
see: MTDUMP
File initialization and termination,
FOCAL 5-2, 7-1
FORTOP 2-9
File integrity, DOSUSR 6-44
File modification,
MTDUMP 3-14
PIP manual
Filenames,
CHAIN 4-1
DOSSYS 7-10
MACRO 5-3, 5-9
File operations under Monitor
Identification Code, PIP 4-1
File processing, sequential,
DOSUSR 6-3
File protection,
BOSS 4-14, 6-51
DOSUSR 8-11
PIP 2-13, 3-36
File rename, PIP 3-34
Files, data, EDIT 2-3
File segmentation, PIP 3-28
File structure,
BOSS 4-11, 4-15
DOSSYS 7-1, 7-12
DOSUSR 4-1, 4-7
FORTLA 6-15, 6-31
File transfer,
DOSSYS 2-17, 6-14
PIP 3-12
FlOPS package, FORTOP, 2-3
Flags,
DOSSYS 2-18
DOSV1A D-2
8TRAN 4-1, 7-5, 8-2, B-1
Floating point,
BOSS 4-3
8TRAN 3-2, 6-1, 7-4
FOCAL 2-4, 3-9, 3-14
Floating point processor (FPP),
FORTOP 3-14, 4-6
Format control, FORTLA 7-1, 7-29
FORTRAN changes,
DOSVIA A-29

EAE coding, 8TRAN 5-1
Editing, BOSS 5-20
Editing MACRO or FORTRAN programs,
see: DDT manual
Editing source programs and
symbolic text,
see: EDIT
Editor, BOSS Preprocessor
(B.PRE), BOSS 4-9
Editor changes, DOSV1A A-26
Editor, text, FORTLA 1-5
Error conditions, messages,
and corrections,
see: the specific program
or system manual
Error processor, expanded,
DOSSYS 2-14
EXECUTE utility program,
see: CHAIN manual
.EXIT macro, DOSUSR 5-6
Exit, system, DOSSYS 2-18
Exponential format, FORTLA 7-8
External functions, FORTOP 3·· 6
5-6

INDEX (Cont.)
FORTRAN IV compiler,
BOSS 4-3
FORTLA D-l
FORTOP 1-2, B-1
FORTRAN libraries, FORTOP D-l
FORTRAN source program editing,
see: EDIT
Forward referencing, ~~Cll 3-7
Functions,
FOCAL 3-13, 6-1, D-l
FORTLA 8-1
FORTOP 3-2, 3-6
MACll 5-7
PIP 2-9
UNISOF 3-8
Function switch combinations,
PIP 3-20

Index deferred mode, MACll 4-4
Indirect addressing,
BTRAN 2-1
MACRO 2-14
Indirect commands, FOCAL 2-7
Initializing XVM/DOS system,
DOSUSR 7-1
Input devices, nondirectoried,
SRCCOM 2-3
Input/output (I/O),
see: the specific program
or system manual
Instruction mnemonics,
DDT B-1
MACRO 2-5
Instructions, MACll B-3
Instruction sets, 8TRAN 2-1
Internal functions, FOCAL 3-13
Interrupt function, BTRAN 4-1
Interrupts, DOSSYS 2-6, 3-3, 3-4
Interrupts, hardware, UNISOF 3-23
Interrupts, software, UNISOF 3-25
Intrinsic functions, FORTOP 3-2
I/O code modules, BOSS 5-1B
IOC table, DOSSYS 6-13
I/O device handlers,
see: Device handlers
I/O device mnemonics,
see: Mnemonics
I/O device request, MACRO 3-26
lOPS error codes, DOSUSR D-l
lOPS error processor, DOSSYS 2-11
lOPS modes, DOSUSR 6-7
lOT instructions, 8TRAN 4-2, 4-3,
7-2
I/O transfers aborted, DOSSYS
2-10

GET command changes, DOSV1A A-13
Global symbol declaration, MACRO
3-24
Glossary, UNISOF Glossary-l
Graphics,
see: VP15A, VT15
Graphics conversion DOS-15 to
XVM/DOS, DOSVIA A-27
Graphics editing, EDIT B-1, C-l
Graph plotting, VT15 2-11

Handler, CAL, DOSSYS 3-3, 3-5
Handlers, device,
see: Device handlers
Hardware,
BOSS 3-1
DOSUSR 1-3, 3-6
DOSV1A 1-3
UNISOF 1-3, 1-4, 1-5
Hardware interrupt,
see: Interrupts
Header word pair, DOSUSR 6-4
Hollerith code,
BOSS 2-1
DOSUSR F-l
FORTLA 2-3, 2-13, 6-11, 6-23,
6-24
Hollerith constants, FORTLA
2-10, 5-14, 7-15

Keyboard commands,
DOSUSR 8-1
PIP 1-3

Language summaries,
see: the specific program
or system manual
LAW instruction, 8TRAN 2-2
Length of programs,
FOCAL C-l
LINK 1-2
Libraries, FORTRAN, FORTOP 3-1,
D-l
Library file (definition),
UPDATE 1-1
Library file organization, LINK
2-3
Library functions, FORTLA 8-17,
B-12

Image modes, DOSUSR 6-10
Immediate address mode, MACll
4-4
Indefinite repeat block, MACll
6-11
Index address mode, MACll 4-3
5-7

INDEX (Cont.)
Library search, LINK 3-5
Light pen, VT15 4-1
Line deletion,
see: Control characters
Line formatting,
FORTLA 1-2, 1-4
FORTOP 2-5, 2-11
MACll 2-4
Line plotting, VT15 2-3, 3-5
Line printer driver task,
UNISOF B-5
Line printer operation, UNISOF
2-4
Line printer output, BOSS 8-1
Line printer spooling, UNISOF
5-31
Linking loader changes, DOSV1A

Logical operators,
FORTLA 2-19, 2-25, B-1
FORTOP A-1
MACll B-1
r.'1ACRO 2 -12
Logical record terminators,
DOSUSR 6-12
Looping,
FOCAL 2-8
FORTLA 4-8, 6-5
LVll Raster Scan Plotter installation, DOSVIA 2-79

MACll changes, DOSVIA A-42
MP.CRO changes, DOSVIA A-31
MACRO-S assembly language, 8TRAN
1-1
MACRO program linkage, LINK 1-3
MACRO programs called from
FORTRAN, FORTOP 5-1
Macros,
BOSS 4-19
DOSUSR 5-1, 6-2, 6-16, 6-29,

A-17

Linking loader operation,
see: LINK
Links (groups of overlays) ,
CHAIN 1-1, A-l
Link status, 8TRAN 4-1
Listing control directives,
MACH 5-1
Listing control pseudo-ops,
MACRO 3-3
Listings, assembly, MACRO 5-13
List operations, PIP 3-5
Literals,
8TRAN 3-3, 7-4, 7-7
MACRO 2-16, 5-20
Literal table storage, MACRO

6-30

STRAN 3-3
~~Cll 3-5, 6-1, 6-3
MACRO 3-11, 4-1, C-1
MACRO source program editing,
see: EDIT
Magnetic tape,
DOSSYS 7-4
DOSUSR 4-5
Maintenance of XVM/DOS,
see: DOSSYS
Mask word, r.'1AC11 5-14
Master File Directory (MFD) ,
BOSS 4-12, 5-10
DOSSYS 7-·12
FORTOP 2-2
Matrices,
see: Arrays
Memory,
FORTLA 2-3, 5-7, 5-10
~.ACRO 3-17, 3-22, 5-19
see also: COMMON, Core,
Storage
Memory allocation,
CHAIN D-l, E-1
UNISOF 1-3, 1-4, 1-5
see also: Blocks
Memory, common,
FORTLA 5-6
UNISOF 1-3
see also: COMMON blocks
Memory conservation, ~.ACll 1-5
Memory load maps, DDT C-l
Memory reference across page
boundaries, ~_ CRO 3-7

3-20

Loader errors, DOSUSR E-l
Loader, Linking,
see: LINK manual
Loader, system, DOSSYS 5-1
Loading ABSLll, UNISOF 2-2
Loading absolute programs,
PATCH 4-·1
Loading DOSSAV, DOSVIA 2-15
Loading PIREX,
DOSV1A 2-14
UNISOF 2-2
Loading programs,
see: the specific program
or system manual
Loading relocatable programs,
PATCH 3-1
Loading Resident Monitor,
DOSSYS 3-1
Loading XVH/DOS, UNISOF 2-2
Local symbol pseudo-ops, MACRO
3-17
Local symbols, ~ffiC11 3-8
Location counter,
8TRAN 3-2, 7-6
MAC11 3-10, 5-15
MACRO 2-13, 3-21, 5-20
5-8

INDEX (Cont.)
Memory reference instructions,
8TRAN 2-1, 7-1
r-IACRO 2-6
Memory size, DOSVlA A-3
MFD,
see: Master File Directory
Mini-ODT, DOSSYS 2-22, 2-23
Mnemonics for
graphics subprogram calls,
VT15 A-I
I/O devices, DOSSYS 6-10,
PIP 2-7
memory reference instructions,
DDT B-1
8TRAN 7-1
MACRO 2-5
.SCOM tables, DOSSYS 6-1
tasks, UNISOF 3-34
see also: Abbreviations
Mnemonics, UNISOF A-I
Hodes of address,
MACll 1-4, 4-1
MACRO 2-14, 2-15
Modes of data,
see: Data modes
Mode, XVM,
DOSSYS 2-16, 3-26
DOSVlA A-I
Modifying data blocks or system
programs, see: PATCH
Modifying symbolic source programs and ASCII text,
see: EDIT
Modifying the system,
see:
SGEN
Modular programming, MACll 1-1
Monitor dialog changes, DOSVlA
A-3
Monitor loading and starting,
DOSUSR 7-10
Monitor, nonresident, DOSSYS
4-1
Monitor patching, DOSSYS 2-24
Monitor, resident, DOSSYS 3-1
Monitor TCB area addition,
DOSVIA A-40

Nondirectoried DECtape, DOSSYS
7-1
Nondirectoried input devices,
SRCCOM 2-3
Nonresident Monitor, DOSSYS 4-1
Numbers,
8TRAN 3-2
FOCAL 2-1, 2-11
MACII 3-11, 5-13
MACRO 2-10, 2-24, 3-21
see also: FORTLA, FORTOP
# (number sign) library indicator,
CHAIN 3-1

Octal numbers,
8TRAN 3-2
FORTLA 2-5, 7-6
MACll 3-11
MACRO 2-10, 3-21
see also: Numbers
Offset of local symbol, r-mCll
3-10
Operate instructions,
8TRAN 2-2
MACll B-6
Operating peripherals, UNISOF 2-3
Operator messages, BOSS 7-3
Operators,
DDT 3-6
8TRAN 3-2
FORTLA 2-19, 2-24, 2-25, A-l
MACll 3-4, 3-12
MACRO 2-12
OTS formatted I/O, FORTOP 2-5
Output at terminal, BOSS 8-1
Output pseudo-op, MACRO 3-4
Overlays,
see: CHAIN
Overlay table, DOSSYS 6-12

Page eject, MACll 5-7
Page headings, ~~Cll 5-3
Paging,
BOSS 6-50
8TRAN 2-2
MACll 5-7, 6-3
MACRO 2-22
PAL-D assembly language, 8TRAN
1-1
PAL-IIR conditional assembly
directives, MACII 5-22
PAL-III assembly language,
8TRAN 1-1
Paper tape, file transfers from,
PIP 3-25
Paper tape sources, MACII 7-2

Names of arrays, FORTLA 5-8
Names of programs, MACRO 3-3
Names, symbolic, FORTLA 2 --2
Negative addresses, MACll 1-6
Negative numbers,
FORTLA 2-5, 2-9, 4-8
MACll 3-11
Nested literals, 8TRAN 3-3
Nested macros,
MACll 6-4
MACRO 4-17
5-9

INDEX (Cont.)
Parity errors, PIP 3-20, 3-27
Patching Resident Monitor,
DOSSYS 2-24
PDP-8 program translation,
8TRAN 1-1
PDP-ll processor, UNISOF 1-6
Peripheral operation, UNISOF 2-3
Peripheral processor, UNISOF 1-1,
1-6
Permanent symbols, MACll 3-5
Permanent symbol table,
8TRAN 3-3, 4-3
MACll C-l
r<lACRO B-1
PIC interrupt service routine,
DOSSYS 8-8
PIP changes, DOSV1A A-4l
PIP commands, BOSS 5-11, A-2
PIREX changes, DOSV1A A-15
PIREX crashes, UNISOF 2-6
PIREX loading, DOSUSR 7-2
PIREX operation, UNISOF 3-1, 3-19
PIREX system errors, UNISOF 2-5
Plotter driver task, UNISOF B-9
Plotter operation, UNISOF 2-3
Plotting graphics,
see: VP15A, VT15
Poller, UNICHANNEL, DOSSYS 3-21
Power fail routine (PIREX),
UNISOF 3-4
Preprocessor (B. PRE) in batch,
BOSS 5-23
Priority of PIREX task, UNISOF
4-1
Procedure file, DOSSYS C-l
Program comparison, SRCCOM 1-1
Program length,
FOCAL C-l
LINK 1-2
Program loading and starting,
DOSUSR 8-31
Programming for DOS systems,
see: DOSSYS
Program relocation, ~~CRO 5-19
Programs, description of, DOSUSR
2-1
Program segmentation, MACRO 3-24
Program selection for patching,
PATCH 2-1
Protection code,
see: File protection
Pseudo-ops,
DOSV1A A-3l
8TRAN 3-2, 7-3
MACRO 1--1, 3-1, D-l
Punched cards,
see: Cards, punched
PUT command changes, DOSV1A A-14

QDMP XVr1 change, DOSV1A A-17
tQ function change, DOSV1A A-14
Questions and answers, SGEN 1-2,
2-1

Radix control,
MACll 3-11, 5-14
MACRO 2-10, 3-21
Radix-50,
LINK C-l
MACH 5-12, A-4
Random file access, DOSUSR 4-4
Raster Scan Plotter installation,
DOSvlA 2-79
Raster units,
VP15A 1-4
VT15 2-4
Reader/punch functions,
BOSS 7-2
8TRAN 4-2, 7-2
Real time clock routines, DOSSYS
3-l4, 3-15
Records,
BOSS 8-5
DOSUSR 4-2
FORTLA 6-18
FORTOP 2-5, 2-6
Recursive macro calls, MACRO 4-20
Reentrant code, MACll 1-4
Register modification,
DDT 4-2
PATCH 5-1
Register pointer, DDT 2-3
Register usage,
~mCll 1-2, 1-5, 1-6, 3-1, 3-7,
4-2, 4-5, 13-9
UNISOF 3-18
Relational operators, FORTLA 2-24
Relative addresses, 8TRAN 7-5
Relative address modes, MACll 4-5
Relocatable binary object program,
MACRO 1-1
Relocation factor, PATCH 3-3
Relocation of links, CHAIN 5-1
Repeat block, t-mCll 6-13
Reserved characters, BOSS 5-7
Resident Monitor, DOSSYS 3-1
Resident Monitor patching, DOSSYS
2-24
Restoring systems, SGEN A-2
Restoring the disk (DOSSAV),
see: Disk restoration
Retrieval Information Block (RIB),
BOSS 4-15
DOSSYS 7-15
FORTOP 2-2

5-10

INDEX (Cont.)
Revising files,
see: UPDATE
Rotate instructions, 8TRAN 7-6

Storage words,
DDT 2-2, 2-6
MACRO 2-13
see also: Core, Memory
Subroutine return, MACII B-9
Subscripted variables, FOCAL 2-6,
4-6
Subscripts, FORTLA 2-14
Switch options,
see: the specific program
or system manual
Symbol definition, DDT 4-9
Symbolic addressing,
MACll 1-2
MACRO 3-26
Symbolic names,
FOCAL 2-5
FORTLA 2-2
Symbolic programs, 8TRAN 3-1
Symbolic text editing,
see: EDIT
Symbols,
BOSS 4-7
8TRAN 3-2, 7-6
MACII 3-1, 3-5, 3-8, 6-7
MACRO 2-3, 2-6, 2-10, 2-17, 4-7,
5-14
Symbol table,
8TRAN 3-3, 4-3, 7-7
FOCAL 2-6, 3-11
LINK D-l
MACRO 2-4, 5-14
Symbol translation, PDP-8 to XVM,
8TRAN A-I
System Block (SYSBLK),
DOSSYS 6-1
PATCH A-I
System Communication (.SCOM)
Table,
DOSSYS 2-19, 6-1
DOSVIA A-42
PATCH 3-5
System concepts, DOSUSR 3-1
System hardware, DOSUSR 1-3
System information requests,
DOSUSR 8-3
System initialization and startup,
DOSUSR 7-1
System integrity, DOSSYS 2-7,
3-10
System Loader, DOSSYS 5-1
System modification, UNISOF 1-3
see also: SGEN
System software, DOSUSR 1-7, 1-10,
1-11, 2-1

Saving a system, SGEN A-4
Scale factor in decimal output,
FORTLA 7-19
Scale factor in graphics,
VP15A 1-4
Scientific calculations,
see: FORTLA
.SCOM,
see: System communication
Search operations, DDT 4-10
Sequential file access, DOSUSR
4-3, 4-4
Sequential file processing,
DOSUSR 6-3
SGEN changes, DOSVIA A-9
SGNBLK, DOSSYS 6-9, 6-11
Simultaneous equations, FOCAL
4-6
Single-operand instructions,
MACll B-4
Skip chain, DOSSYS 6-10, 6-13,
8-4
Skip instructions, 8TRAN 7-7
Software components, UNICHANNEL
related, UNISOF 2-6
Software directive task, UNISOF
B-3
Software environment,
BOSS 4-1
DOSUSR 1-7, 1-10, 1-11
Software interrupts,
see: Interrupts
Software kits, DOSVIA 1-3
Software operating procedures,
see: DOSUSR
Source program format, MACII 2-1
Spooler,
DOSUSR I-I
UNISOF 2-6, 5-1, 6-1
SPRs resolved, DOSVIA B-1
Starting XVM!DOS system,
DOSUSR 7-2
Statement formats,
see: the specific program
or system manual
STOP TASK, UNISOF 3-25, B-2
Storage Allocation Table (SAT),
DOSSYS 7-17
Storage area, reserved, MACII
3-11
Storage blocks,
see: Blocks
Storage retrieval on magnetic
tape, DOSSYS 7-11

Tables and lists (PIREX), UNISOF
3-10
5-11

INDEX (Cont.)
UNICHANNEL hardware, DOSUSR 1-6
UNICHANNEL poller, DOSSYS 3-21
UNICHANNEL spooler, UNISOF 5-1
UNICHANNEL support programs,
UNISOF 1-2
Updating files, see: UPDATE
Updating lists and tables,
UNISOF 4-4
Updating Storage Allocation Tables,
PIP 3-42
User File Directory (UFD),
BOSS 4-12
DOSSYS 6-9, 6-13, 7-12
FORTOP 2-2
PIP 2-9, 3-1, 3-3, 3-32
User File Directory Table (.UFDT),
BOSS 4-14
DOSSYS 6-13
DOSUSR 4-9
User Identification Code (UIC),
BOSS 4-12
DOSSYS 7-12
DOSUSR 4-8
User symbol table,
8TRAN 7-6
MACll 3-5, 3-8
MACRO 2-4, 3-26
Utility programs, descriptions
of, DOSUSR 2-1

Tables, temporary, DOSSYS 6-14
Tables used and built by
loaders, DOSSYS 5-2
Tailoring the system,
see:
SGEN
Tape comparison, MTDUMP 3-17
Tape dump, MTDUMP 1-1
Tape structures, DOSSYS 7-1
Task Control Blocks (TCB),
DOSSYS 2-19, 2-21
UNISOF 3-7, 4-2, 6-4, B-1
Task crashes, UNISOF 2-6
Task development, UNISOF 4-1,
6-1
Task mnemonics, UNISOF 3-34
Task structure, UNISOF 3-6
Terminal output,
BOSS 8-1
8TRAN 1-1
Terminal parameter settings,
DOSVIA 2-5
Terminal register indicator,
t<'.J\Cll 3-2
Terminating directives, MACII
5-17
Terminating pseudo-ops, 8TRAN
3-3
Terminators of I/O data mode,
DOSUSE C-1
Terms and acronyms,
see: Abbreviations,
Mnemonics
Text editing, see:
EDIT
Text handling,
8TRAN 3-2, 7-3
FORTLA 1-5
M.ll~CRO 3 - 8
Timer routines, DOSSYS 2-6, 5-6
Trace feature, FOCAL 3-12
Translator functions,
see:
8TRAN
Trap instructions, MACII B-7
Trigonometric functions, FOCAL
D-l
see also: Arithmetic
Truncation,
FORTLA 6-10, 6-12, 6-14, 7-10
FORTOP 3-3
MACII 3-11, 4-7, 5-8, 5-9
TWo's complement, MACRO 2-12
Typing errors,
see: Control characters

Variables, FORTLA 2-12
Variables, subscripted, FOCAL 2-6,
4-6
VP1SA Display Device, PIP B-1
VP15A Storage Tube Display editing commands, EDIT B-1
VT15 Display commands, DOSUSR 8-23
VT15 Graphics Display System,
PIP A-I
VT15 Graphics editing, EDIT C-l
VWOl Writing tablet, VT15 8-1

Wakeup feature of clock task,
UNISOF 4-65
Word count, DOSUSR 6-4
Word locations, reserved, DOSSYS
6-14
Word pair count, DOSUSR 6-4
Words (definition), DOSUSR 4-2
Writing tablet (VW01), VT15 8-1

UC-15 error messages, UNISOF C-l
Unary operators,
FORTLA 2-19
MAC11 3-4, 3-12, 5-15
UNIBUS device handlers, DOSSYS 8-9
5-12

XCT file, CHAIN B-1, C-1
XVM/DOS loading, UNISOF 2-2
XVM mode,
DOSSYS 2-16, 3-26
DOSVIA A-I
Zero, division by, MACRO 2-12

5.3

INDEX TO PROGRAM AND LISTING EXAMPLES IN XVM/DOS MANUAL

Assembly listing, OOSUSR 6-37
Assembly source listing showing local
symbol blocks, MACll 3-9

Read AC switches, FORTOP C-l
Routine to solve equation, FOCAL 4-9

CHAINTEST, BOSS 7-15
Command Batching Mode, DOSUSR 10-7
Concatenation example, MACRO 4-13
DOS automatic system build, DOSVIA 2-43
DOS system build, DOSVIA 2-7
Draw diagonal line, VP15A A-2
Dump operation, MTDUMP, 3-13
OYSET/DYLINK, VT15 5-3
File FNEW, FOCAL 6-4
FORTRAN program, DOSUSR 10-6
FORTRAN program calling MACRO subprogram,
FORTOP 5-1
Hyperbolic Functions SINH, COSH, TANH,
FORTLA 8-15
IFLOW and IOZERO functions, FORTOP C-1
Indefinite repeat block (.IRP and .IRPC),
MACl1 6-12
Intercept and Plot of Two Functions,
FOCAL 4-11
Interest payments, FOCAL 4-10
I/O device assignments (REQUEST),00SUSR8-13
lOPS ASCII Packing and Unpacking Routine,
DOSUSR B-3
Keyboard commands (INSTRUCT), OOSUSR 8-6
Keyboard operating procedures, DOSUSR 10-3
Linear regression, FORTLA C-l
Line printer (132-column), MACll 5-4
.LOCAL and .NDLOC pseudo-op use, MACRO 3-17
Output on assembly listing, MACRO 5-15
Overlay structures, CHAIN 7-9 through 7-15

Schroedinger equation, FOCAL 4-13
Sine wave, VT15 2-13
Skeleton I/O device handler, DOSSYS 8-11
Source listing, DOSUSR 6-35
Source listing of Absolute Binary Loader,
MACRO E-l
Special device handler for AFOIB A/D
converter, DOSSYS 8-13
System errors (INSTRUCT ERROR), DOSUSR 8-8
System information (.SCOM), OOSUSR 8-4
System library DOS-IS bank mode FPP,
FORTOP 0-10
System library DOS-IS bank mode non-FPP,
FORTOP 0-4
System library DOS-IS page mode FPP,
FORTOP 0-7
System library DOS-15 page mode non-FPP,
FORTOP, D-l
System library RSX PLUS III FPP,
FORTOP D-17
System library RSX PLUS III non-FPP,
FORTOP D-13
Test score total and histogram, FORTLA C-3
TRACK (FORTRAN example), VT15 4-4
TRACK (MACRO XVM example), VT15 4-8
Types of I/O statements, FORTOP C-3
UNICHANNEL LP driver, UNISOF 4-57
UNICHANNEL spooler components, UNISOF 5-7
UPDATE for .LIBF of DOS libraries,
00SV1A E-22
UPDATE for .LIBNF of DOS libraries,
DOSVIA E-25
VPA system macro use, VP15A B-1
VP15A demo, VP15A C-l

POP-11 code segment showing 1-, 2-, and
XVM CRl1 XVM/RSX handler, UNISOF 4-28
3-word instructions, MACl1 1-3
XVM/OOS session, FORTOP 1-5
Prime factors of an integer, FORTLA C-4
XVM LP11 DOS handler, UNISOF 4-7
Program Control Functions, BOSS 7-13
Program segments showing linkage capability,
FOCAL 5-6

5-13

XVNVDOS
Reader's Guide
and Master Index
DEC-XV-ODGIA-A-D
READE R 'S
NOTE:

CO~..'I,lENTS

This form is for document comments only.
Problems
with software should be reported on a Software
Problem Repcrt (SPR) form .

Did you find errors in this manual?

If so, specify by page.

Did you find this manual understandable, usable, and well-organized?
Please make suggestions for improvement.

Is there sufficient documentation on associated system programs
required for use of the software described in this manual? If not,
what material is missing and where should it be placed?

Please indicate the type of user/reader that you most nearly represent.

Assembly language programmer

[]

Higher-level language programmer

[] Occasional programmer (experienced)

User with little programming experience

[] Student programmer
[] Non-programmer interested in computer concepts and capabilities
Name

Date ______________

Organization _________________________________
Street _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
Ci ty _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ State _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Z ip Code _ _ _ _ _ _ __
or
Country
If you require a written reply, please check here.

[]

-------------------------------------------------------------Fold Flere----------------------------------------------------------__

------------------------------------------------ Do Not Tear - Fold Here and Staple -----------------------------------------------

FIRST CLASS
PERMIT NO. 33
MAYNARD, MASS.
BUSINESS REPLY MAIL
NO POSTAGE STAMP NECESSARY IF MAILED IN THE UNITED STATES

Postage will be paid by:

Software Communications

P. O. Box F
Maynard, Massachusetts

01754

digital equipment corporation

PRINTED IN U.S.A.