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DEC-12-UXZB-D

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Document:	DEMO12 Monitor System Users Guide Version 1
Order Number:	DEC-12-UXZB-D
Revision:	0
Pages:	70
Original Filename:	http://bitsavers.org/pdf/dec/pdp12/demo12/DEC-12-UXZB-D_DEMO12_Users_Guide_Jun70.pdf

OCR Text

DEM012
MONITOR SYSTEM
USER'S GUIDE

digital equipment corporation·maunard massachusetts

DEM012

USER'S GUIDE

For additional copies of this document, order No. DEC-12-UXZB-D from Program Library, Digital Equipment Corp., Maynard, Mass. 01754 Price $5.00

DIGITAL

EQUIPMENT

CORPORATION • MAYNARD, MASSACHUSETTS

DEC-12-UXZB-D
June, 1970

The material in this handbook, including but not limited to instruction
times and operating speeds, is for information

purposes and is subject

to change without notice.

The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation, Maynard,
Massachusetts:
DEC

PDP

FLIP CHIP

FOCAL

DIGITAL

COMPUTER LAB

The equipment d~scribed herein

is covered by patents and patents pending.

DISCLAIMER

The accompanying LINCtape entitled DIAL DEM012 MONITOR SYSTEM 3/15/70 contains a variety of data acquisition, reduction, manipulation, and ~resenta
tion programs which operate on the PDP-12A.

All binaries may be loaded via

the DEM012 MONITOR and/or DIAL.
All credit for these programs belongs, in most cases, to the original authors.

The only contribution of the current authors was to convert these

programs to run under the DEM012 MONITOR as a convenience to PDP-12 users.
However, the question of responsibility for these programs is a difficult
one.

The original authors cannot be held responsible for correct operation

of the modified programs in a new machine, nor can Digital Equipment Corporation clai~ to be responsible because of a lack of internal documentation for
some of the programs. All appear to work, but it is suggested that the programs be checked out before basing any substantial conclusions on results
obtained with them.
DIAL sourqes and listings are available from the Program Library for most data reduction programs to allow program verification
and modification.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section 1
Loading and Starting DEM012

1-1

1. 2

DEM012 tape index

1-2

1. 3

Command Keys

1-3

1.1

1. 4

Changing the INITIALIZATION IN PROGRESS Frame

1-3

1. 5

Modifying the SUMMARY and HELP Frames

1-5

1. 5 .1

SUMMARY and HELP Frame Organization

1-5

L. 5. 2

Mapping the Change

1-6

1. 5. 3

SUMMARY/HELP Frame BLOCK Identification and Storage

1-7

l . 5. 4

Typing the New Frame

1-7

1. 5. 5

Transferring Modified Frames to DEM012 tape

1-8

1. 5. 6

Loading DEM012

1-10

1. 5. 7

Example of SUMMARY and HELP Frame Modification

1-10

1. 6

Loading DIAL

1-1:3

Section 2
2.1

Demonstration Programs Under Control of the DEM012 Monitor

2.1.1

.DA-DIST or A-DIST

2-1

2.1. 2

.DDATA 12 or DATA 12

2-3

2-1

2 .1. 3

.DMAGSPY or MAGS PY

2-7

2.1. 4

.DFRQANA or FRQANA

2-9

2.1. 5

DIAL

2-12

2 .1. 6

.EFREQ12 or FREQ12

2-12

2.1. 7

.EWAVES or WAVES

2-14

l.l. 8

.EB.BALL or B.BALL

2-15

2.1. 9

.EBASMEM or BASMEM

2-16

2 .1.10

.FSOLACE or SOLACE

2-17

2.1.11

MUSIC

2-18

2 .1.12

.FKALEID or KALEID

2-19

2.1.13

.FDRAW12 or DRAW12

2-19

2 .1.14

.FECHASK OR ECHASK

2-20

2. l.15

.FSPCWAR or SP CWAR

2-21

2 .1.16

.TD,AYCOM or DAY COM

2-25

2.1.17

.TSTPWCM or STPWCH

2-26

2. 1.18

.TCLOCK or CLOCK

2-27

2.2

Programs Under Control of DIAL

2-28

2.2.1

DIAL

2-28

2.2.2

MARK 12

2-28

2.2.3

PIP

2-28

2.2.4

EXP ROG

2-28

2.25

ADtDEMO

2-28

2.2.6

BINLOAD

2-28

2.2.7

L8SIM

2-29

2.2.8

CONVERT

2-29

2.2.9

FOCAL 4K, FOCAL 8K

2-29

2.2.10

CAROLS

2-29

2.3

DIAL Demonstration

2-29

APPENDIX A
A-1

KW12 Real Time Clock Subroutine

SECTION I

OPERATING PROCEDURES
HOW TO USE DEM012

Section 1 contains all the operating procedures required for DEM012, including starting the system; modifying scope messages and issuing commands.
A tape Index is also included for easy reference.

1.1

Loading and Starting DEM012

The procedure to load DEM012.Monitor is as follows:
1.

Mount the DEM012 tape on· tape unit ~.

Mount another DEM012 tape or a scratch LINCtape on tape unit
1.
(This step is optional for most DEM012 programs and is required only for program assembly.
It will, however, increase
DEM012 program loading speed because the index on unit 1 is
available.)

Set the switches
ENABLE and REMOTE.

On the console, set the Left Switches to
Switches to ~~~~.

Rock the STOP switch on the console once to make sure the
processor is stopped.

Set the mode switch to LINC mode and press the I/O PRESET
switch.

Press the DO switch.

When the tape has stopped spinning, press the START
switch.

The message INITIALIZATION IN PROGRESS will appear briefly
and be replaced by the TALK TO ME balloon on the scope.

of the tape unit(s) being used to WRITE
~7~~

and the Right

When this display appears, type Con the Teletype to display a list
of the operable control keys.
(Refer to section 1.3).
10.

To display the index of the names of the available demonstration programs under DEM012 Monitor control, type CTRL/I.
(Refer to section 1.2.)

11.

When the index is being displayed, type the name of the desired program as it is spelled in the index display and then
press the RETURN key.
The SUMMARY frame of the selected
program will appear.

1-1

l. 2

Dl!.:M012 'l'apco?

Index

NAME

SOURCE
BLKS

BINARY
BN BLKS

LOADER.

SEGAt-3.
SEGll-4•

1
3

4
10

4
1

iJEHOl:J... Hon ifcn

12
17
2"'

(bin~)

I NITLIZ •
GREE TIN.
BALLOON.

5
1
2
2

• oA-DTST

165

.oOATA12

.OMAGSPY

32
35
45
46
50
52
53
54
55
56
57

37
153
72
163
170
173
176

6
10

220
223

226

1
2
1

244

250

256

SEG04-4.

OMOINDX.
Q AND A •

.D~ROANA

.OD I AL
.EF'REQ12
• F.WAVES

.EB.BALL
·EBASMEM
.F'SOLACE
• F'MUSI C
·F'KALEID
.F'DRAW
·F'ECHASK
.FSPCWAR
• TDAYCOM
• TSTPWCH

• TCLOGK
SCRATCH.

2
1
2
2

1
1
1

1
t
2

67
71
103

263
522

5
2

524
526

CONVERT

F'OCAl.,8K
F'OCAL4K
CAROLS
LOADE:R
I NITLI ZE
SEG0

6~3

SEG1

725

206
210

2
6
2
3
3
16

216

550

635 { 2
641
17

BALLOON
04-01-70

201

51 1
470
520
614
535
540
543

PIP

EX.PROG.
AO DEMO
BINLOAD
L8SIM

2
3
3
3

776

GREETING

INDEXSRC
DIAL-V2
MARK12

573
617
637
660
717
763

7
21
2

3
3
3

5
23
21

11
2
3

6
6
5

771
527

Your index may vary slightly from this sample.

1-2

U~t>ttr~~Ovt ?A~
~ tOXL~of
bEHOI~

HoMto-t.

1.3

Command Keys

While under control of the DEM012 Monitor, the following control

key com-

mands can be issued at any time to perform the indicated operation.
CTRL/S - Start the demonstration program
CTRL/I - Display the index
CTRL/N - Call next program in group
CTRL/C - Continue program after interruption
CTRL/H - Display the first HELP frame; press CTRL/H again
and go back to control key list
'.·Jhen a HELP frame is presently being displayed, two keys are operable:
F - Move forward to next HELP frame
B - Move backward to previous HELP frame
1.4

Changing the INITIALIZATION IN PROGRESS Frame

The

INITIALIZATION IN PROGRESS

frame which appears on the scope during

startup can be customized to display another message by the procedure below.

Two LINCtapes are required:

the DEM012 tape on unit ~ and a scratch

LINCtape on unit 1.
2

Load LAP6-DIAL

by one of the procedures in section 1.6.

Turn A/D knob 3, which controls the cursor, all the way
to the right.

Clear the DIAL Working Area by the command
.

-+CLi
4.

Call the program INITLIZE into the Working Area by typing
-+AP IN I TL I ZE, ~)
The tape will spin for several minutes and part of the
source of INITLIZE will appear on the scope.

A control key command is executed by pressing down the CTRL key and
simultaneously typing the letter key (in the same manner as using the
SHIFT key).
2

LAP6-DIAL is hereafter referred to as DIAL.

Ir. DIAL commands, + means press LINE FEED key and and )

1-3

means press RETURN key.

·1
Press ALTMODE and W to page backwards in the text until the

underlined text shown below appears on the scope:
STD
JMP

• ... 4

TPDX#
0
HOLDON# TEXT "F

M37#

INITIALIZATION

TEXT ."F'
IS IN PROGRESS'"
-37
~~~--------.;~=-.::..:.;;.:..:.:::...:__

/THE FOLL-OWI~G MUST REMAIN FIXED
/

•761

DQXT#

LDF'

JMP

• /RETURN FROM DCALL IN Bl

Move the cursor using A/D knob 3 until it is under the
last S in the -word PROGRESS·.

Use the RUBOUT key to erase all 18 characters of IS IN
PROGRESS (the 18 include the four spaces at the end) by
pressing RUBOUT 18 times until only HOLDON, TEXT "F remains on that line.

Now type in up to 18 characters of your choice for the
second line of the frame.
Remember that a space is
considered a character.

Then, for the first line, use A/D KNOB 3 again to mov~
the cursor under the last N of INITIALIZATION.
RUBOUT
18 characters, then type in up to 18 characters of your
own as in steps 7 and 8.

10.

Turn A/D KNOB 3 fully clockwise.
by typing

Reassemble INITLIZE

+AS)
(There should be no errors in the assembled program.)
Press the RETURN key when the symbol table starts to be
printed to suppress it.

11.

Store the cssembled binary. tape unit 1 by the command
+SB

12.

GREETIN I 1 )

Type
+

DX,l )

to display the index of tape unit l to determine the
three blocks where the binary was stored. The display
will include an entry like the following:
I~DF.XSRC

Q_IAL-V2

263
.522

GMKTIN

MARK12
PIP

EX.PROG.
AD DEMO
1

524
526

5
2
530
511
470
520
614

3
7
21

2
3

ALTMODE commands are typed}¥ pressing the ALTMODE key and then the letter key.

1-4

Remember, to step forward through the index one line
at a time, press the 2 key; to step backward, press
the W key. Refer to the LAP6-DIAL Programmer's Reference Manual for details.
Write down the block number of the third block of the
3 block file, GREETIN.
In this example, the third
block number is 532.
13.

Press RETURN and transfer the third of these 3 blocks
to block 11 on unit 91 (DEM012 tape) via PIP:
Load PIP by typing the command
+PI.J

Respond to the indicated PIP displays
with the reply listed.
DISPLAY

Mode

A.)

Option

c ;·

Input device

Ll;532,l.)

Output device

L9J; 11.J

The location 532 from the above example is used here.
Substitute the third block of the value of the program
GREETIN from your unit 1.

1.5

14.

When the mode option frame is displayed again; stop the
machine by rocking the STOP switch.

15.

Reset the Left and Right Switches and load DEM012 as
in section 1.1. The new 1nitialization frame will
appear before the TALK TO ME balloon.

Modifying the Summary and Help Frames

The SUMMARY and/or HELP Frames for any demonstration program can be changed
by the user by following 1he procedure in this section ( 1. 5 .1 to 1. 5. 7) .
helpful to refer to the example in section 1.5.7.

1.5.1

SUMMARY and HELP Frame Organization

Each demonstration program in the DEM012 system has one SUMMARY frame and
at least one HELP frame.

These

prog~arns

shown in this segment of tape:

1-5

are stored on the LINCtape

It may be

block n

SUMMARY
FRAME
(program 1)
1st HELP
FRAME

~-----

block n+l

--------

SUMMARY
FRAME
(p;rogram 2)
1st HELP
FRAME
2nd HELP
FRAME

block n+2

---- - ---.:..

3rd HELP
FRAME
SUMMARY

Note that:
a.

1 block of tape_= 2 frames {l SUMMARY frame+ 1 HELP frame
or 2 HELP frames).

1 frame = 1 display on the scope.

Because of this organization:

1.5.2

There must be an odd number of HELP frames.

The two frames in a block must both be transferred.

Mapping the Change
1.

Load DEM012 by the procedure in section 1.1. TWo LINCtapes are required, the DEM012 tape on unit ~ and a
scratch LINCtape on unit 1.

Display the DEM012 index by typing CTRL/I.

Type the name of the program whose SUMMARY and/or HELP
frames are to be changed and press RETURN.

Display the frame to be modified.
The first source block
contains the SUMMARY frame and the first HELP f·rame; the
second block contains the second and third HELP frames.
Type CTRL/H to display the first HELP frame.
F can be
typed to display the next HELP frame or B can be typed
to step backward through the HELP frames.

1-6

Use a grid like the following one to map out the new
display.
Both half and full size characters may be
used in any display, but only one size can be displayed
in any line.
Remember that if only one frame in a
block is to be modified, the other frame must at least
be recopied. Note that no more than 256 half size
characters may be displayed at any ti~e.
21 Full Size Characters

1 _l 'f

s t 7 8 q 10 II /J 13 N @ //, 17 It 11 Jo ~I
Y;

··~

7~1

·-

Ill

(J)
.....

l!fQ

b
7

CD
()

::r'

Ill

l-1

t~
~

.3Jt

~~,,~~

~
42 Half Size Characters

SUMMARY/HELP Frame Block Identification and Storage
1.

Load DIAL by one of the procedures outlined in section 1.6.

Display the DEM012 tape index by typing the command

-+DX,~)
or print it by the command

(Refer to section 1.2.)

-+PX,~.J

1.5.4

::r:
I-'
I-ti

1.5.3

I-'
00

Locate the DEM012 program to be changed in the index.
Write down the block number (BN) and number of blocks
(BLKS) for the source of the program.
(This is where
the SUMMARY and HELP frames are located.)
The SUMMARY
frame and first HELP frame are located in the first
block listed; the second block contains the second and
third HELP frames, etc.

Return to1he DIAL Working Area by pressing RETURN.

Typing the New Frame
1.

Clear the DIAL Working Area by typing the command HCL ~) .

For the first frame in the block type

Move the cursor (rotate A/D Knob 3 to the left) under
the zero and press RETURN.
(this avoids the automatic tabs used. by the DIAL Edi tor) •

1-7

Ill
0
rt
CD
t1

(J)

Type
TEXT

l..

and then For H to indicate full or half size characters,
respectively, for the first line of the frame as, for example:
TEXT ·:....
Note that % is arbitrarily being used as the delimiter and
therefore cannot be used in the text. Any other delimiter
may be used,but with the same restriction.

Type the first line of the frame

and then press RETURN.

·~

TEXT %FSSW1 •.. DISPLAY MO~
6.

Type F or H to indicate character size of the next line.
Then type1he next line and press RETURN.
F=~ •.• DIGIT

DISPL!j.

Type For H for character size of the third line and type
the text of the third line:
H (16 CHANNELS AT A TIM1;a.

Note that typing a space and RETURN on a line after F or
H leaves a blank line.

1.5.5

Continue in this manner until the frame is filled as desired.

Type the two characters \ % at the end of the frame.
backslash,'- , is typed by SHIFT/L.)

10.

Type the second frame of the block by proceeding as in
steps 3 through 8 above ,except type *29~ instead of *9
in step 2.

11.

Now one block of tape (two frames} has been modified.
To alter1he next block (next two HELP frames) proceed as
in steps 2 through l~ but use *4~9 and *699 instead of *9
and *2~~ in steps 2 and 19; if more blocks are to be modified, use *19~9 and *12~~, etc., (up to *17,6~9).

(The

Transferring Modified Frames to DEM012 Tape

Assemble the text written in the Working Area by the command

-As)
to translate it to binary coding.
(Be sure A/D Knob 3
is turned all the way to the right.)

When no errors are noted, store the binary on the tape
on unit 1 by a Save Binary command, such as

~SB FRAM,l)

1-8

Display the index to locate where the binary has been
stored using the command

-ox, l)
Remember that the first block is a header block and
should be disregarded.

.'jOlmCE
NAME

R,\l

ALKS

RLKS

LOADE:I<•

]

S[G0t-:~.

(:il~EETI N •

101
]1

4
1
1

BALLOON•

SEG04- 4•

17
?V.1

SEGl.1-ti.
i NI TLI z.

l..k'lO I,NDX,.
0 AND A.
• DA- DTST
• JJIJATAl~~
• DM AG SPY
• DFJWANf.\
• !JD! AL
• l.::F HE CJI?.
• EvJl\VES
• EB· BALL
• E:BASMEM
• F'SOLACE
• FM

2 Lj
?.6

2
4
2

32
35

,,5

2
2

16 5

153
72

10
11
?
3
3
1

1~3

2
2

116

'.J(,1
5?

170
173
17 6
201

53
54
55

206

210

• FK AL EID

216

.FDRAW

2
3

u.sr c

• FECHASK

• FSPC~VAR

2
2
3

220
2fJ.3

226

3
l6

• TDAYCOM

2LJ4

• TSTPWCH

?50

4
6

• TCLOCK

71
103

2
t
50

256

531

SCRATCH•

<~~~~

INDEXSRC
DIAL-V2
MARK 12

263
522

PIP

EX.PROG·
AD DEMO

BI NAHY

524
526

2
5 11
/47ftl

7
21

520

2
3

614

Now use PIP to move the appropriate block(s) stored
on unit 1 to the appropriate area on the DEM012 tape.
Call PIP by typing

-p1)
Respond to the displays as follows.
(The values used
here for input and output device are for the modification of the program A-DTST.)

1-9

DISPLAY

Mode
Option
',Input device
butput device

1.5.6

1. 5. 7

Ll;532,1J

L~;24.J

Loading DEM012
1.

Load DEM012 by the procedure in section 1.1 and call
the program that was modified.

Observe the modified frames.

If they ·are not as desired, return to the DIAL Working
Area and try again.

Example of SUMMARY and HELP Frame Modification
The A-DTST program is used in this example.
1.

Load DIAL, by one of the procedures in section 1. 6.

Display ~Dx,fl,J )_ or print index t"-PX,~)) to find
location of the SUMMARY/HELP frames.
Note the block
number and number of blocks for the A-DTST source.

ANO A.
.DA-DTST
.ODATA12
.DMAGS?Y
.DF'ROANA

24
26

32
35

2
4

2
2

165

37
153
72

6
10
11

Return to DIAL Working Area by pressing the RETURN key.

Clear the Werking~ Area ~cL.J ) •

Type *~ and move cursor via A/D Knob 3 under
of the automatic tab problem.

Press the RETURN key, type TEXT % and continue to type the frames
as they are mapped onto the grid, including F or H for full or
half size characters.

1-10

(*~)

to take care

TEXT

***********************

%H
A-D TEST

************************

FDISPLAYS OCTAL VALUE

SUMMARY

FOR AN OSCILLOSCOPE-

FRAME

FLIKE DESPLAY OF THE
FINPUT VOLTAGE.

DIS

FPLAY OF INPUT WAVEFFORM IS AVAILABLE.,%
*200

TEXT %

******************************

A-D

HELP

FRAME l

TEST

******************************

H
FSSW~ .•. CHANNEL

SELECT

=JIJ •• CHANNELS

{1-17

=l .. CHANNELS

2{1-37

F
F
(MORE) '-.%

H
*4~f1

TEXT

SSWl ..• DISPLAY MODE

(16 CHANNELS AT A TIME}

HELP
FRAME 2

•. DIGIT DISPLAY

=l .. OSCILLOSCOPE-

LIKE DISPLAY
, {SET DESIRED CHANNEL

NO. IN LEFT SWITCHES)

HELP
FRAME 3

F*Gf1f1

CONTROLS TO START"%

TEXT

F
F

CONTROL S TO START '%

Move A/D Knob 3 all. the way to the right and then
assemble (~ASJ.) so that: there· are J6f4 f4 f4 errors.

Store the binary listing on unit l

Locate where the binary was stored by '(...DX,1)) or
~PX, l ..J).

N.B.

The first block is a header blo.ck and should be
ignored:

NAME

SOURCE
BLKS

.•

.TCLOCK

225
241

227
243

5
14

LOADER
.fJ
BANK{4.31
BANKl.44
INITLIZ. 1{4
GREETIN. 11
BALLOON. 12
BANK{4.1- 17
WRITABLE 11,eJ
DEMOINDX 2,eJ
QANDA
22
FRJliM
AD DEMO 267
KW12SUBC 6{42
MARK12

531
541

6{47

10.

(...SB FRAM; l..J ) .

BINARY
BLKS

3
4
1
1
5

1
16
1
2
l
5

Call PIP ~PI )) to transfer new text to DEM012.
Select the following options.
DISPLAY

Mode option
Option
Input device
Output device
11.

Load DEM012 (refer to section 1.1) and call A-DTST
to check the results.

12.

If there are mistakes, return to the DIAL Wrirking Area,
edit (refer to LAP6-DIAL Programmer's Reference Manual),
reassemble, rePIP, etc.

1-12

1.6

Loading DIAL

DIAL can be loaded by either of the following procedures.
A.

Directly from tape:
1.

Mount the DEM012 tape on tape unit ~ and another DEM012
tape or a scratch LINCtape on unit 1.

Set the switches of both tapemits to WRITE ENABLE and
REMOTE

Set the Left Switches to ~7~1 and the .Right Switches
to 73~~-

Rock the STOP switch once to make.sure the machine is stopped.

Set the mode switch to LINC Mode and then press I/O PRESET.

Press DO.

When the tape has stopped spinning, press START

The DIAL Working Area appears on the scope. You may
now write a program, edit text, or give a command (make
sure A/D Knob 3 is turned all the way to the right).
Refer to the LAP6-DIAL Programmer's Reference Manual·, DEC-12-SE2B-D, for
further information.

2~.

Via the DEM012 Monitor:
1.

Load DEM012 by steps lthrough l~ of the procedure in section 1.1. Two tapes are required; mount a scratch LINCtape on unit 1.

When DEM012 index frame is displayed on scope, type DIAL
and press RETURN.

Type CTRL/S. The DIAL Working Area appears on the scope.
Continue as in step 8 cbove.

1 .. 13

SECTION II

DESCRIPTIONS OF
DEMONSTRATION PROGRAMS

Section 2 outlines all the demonstration programs on the DEM012 tape.
The first part, section 2.1, contains write-ups of the demonstration
programs under DEM012 Monitor control which include abstracts, starting and operating procedures 1 and the SUMMARY and HELP frames.

List-

ings of most of these programs are available under separate cover.
The second part, Section 2.2, describes the other programs on the
tape;

these are.loaded by the DIAL system.

(Refer to the LAP6-DIAL

Programmer's Reference Manual, DEC-12-SE2B-D for further information.)

2.1

Demonstration Programs Under Control of the DEM012 Monitor

Each of the demonstration programs under control of the DEM012 Monitor
can be loaded through that Monitor.
the procedure in section 1.1.
tion program index.

The Monitor must first be loaded by

Then type CTRL/I to display the demonstra-

Type the name of the program as it is spelled on

the scope and press the RETURN key.
that explains what the program does.

A SUMMARY frame

appears on the scope

Type CTRL/S now to load and start

the program or type CTRL/H to obtain additional information from the
HELP frames.

CTRL/S loads and starts a program at any time after it

has been selected from the index.
Seven of the demonstration programs can be loaded through DIAL.
load DIAL by one of the procedures in section 1.6.

First

Then type -Lo name,S).

When the tapes stop moving, press the J/O PRESET and then the START 2S
switches.

Type the name of the program exactly as it appears in the

DIAL index for name in the command above.
tion

1.2. or type -Dx,,0.J or-PX,~)

Refer to the index in sec-

to find the correct spelling.

The

demonostration programs which can be loaded and started in this manner
are:
.DA-DTST
.DMAGSPY
.EWAVES
.EB.BALL
.FKALEID
.FSPCWAR
.FMUSIC

(No need to press I/O PRESET and START

2~.

Just turn up speaker)

When these programs are loaded by DIAL, no SUMMARY or HELP frames are
displayed and none of the DEM012 control keys are operable.
2.1.l

.DA-DTST or A~DTST

Analog to Digital Converter Multiplexer Text and Display
ABSTRACT
A-DTST is used to test the A/D knobs for continuity, check the basic A/D
for monotonicity, and test and calibrate the preamps for gain and offset.
A provision for testing sixteen additional A/D channels is included for
the AM12-AG12 multiplex extension.

2-1

Three methods are provided for testing the knobs and adjusting the preamps.
(NOTE:

Adjustment of the latching differential amplifier or the sample and

hold is not normally required.

For adjustment of these modules see the ap-

propriate maintenance manual.)
OPERATING PROCEDURES
Set all Sense Switches to ' ·

Set the program for the first display.

just the scope intensity to a comfortable viewing level.

Ad-

(If any diffi-

8ulty is encountered, it is a hardware problem and must be corrected before
proceeding.)

Note that this program does not use a fast sample mode.

The following Sense Switch settings implement the indicated action.
a)

SSW'

SSW~

Channels
1

'~-17 (B)

are sampled and displayed.

Channels 2'-37 ( ) are sampled and displayed.
8
These channels are optional on the PDP-12; if
not installed, the value displayed for each
channel will be 777( ).
8

SSWl

The channel selected by bits ~7-11 of the Left
Switches will be displayed as a full display.

SSW2

Channels ~-7 are sampled and displayed as a
segmented display.

SSWJ

Channels l~-17 are sampled and displayed as a
segmented scope display.

SSW4

Channels 2~-27 are sampled and displayed as a
segmented scope display.

ssws = 1

Channels 3J;J-37 are sampled and displayed as a
segmented scope display.
The display routine for options C through G
will trigger to the input if it is an AC signal
with at least two bits (.4MV) of change within
15 MS for each channel.

For adjustment of the AD12/AM12/AG12 A to D converter, refer to the
Checks and Adjustments section of the PDP-12 Maintenance Manual.
This test has no error routines; if difficulty is encountered with the
SAM instruction, check the A to D control.

If difficulty is encountered

with the potentiometers, it will most likely be either the mutliplexer or
the pots themselves.

If 4ifftculty is encountered with the e~ternal ana-

log channels, check the preamplifiers.

i
2-2

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
A-D
Summary Frame

TEST

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
DISPLA1S OCTAL VALUE
OR AN OSCILLOSCOPELIKE DISPLAY OF THE
INPUT VOLTAGE.
DISPLAY OF INPUT WAVEFORM IS AVAILABLE.

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
A-D

TEST

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Help Frames

SSWfa

=fa

SSWl

=fa

CHANNEL SELECT
CHANNELS fa-17
CHANNELS 2--37

lH:~PLlW MODE
DIGI'r DISPLAY

(16 CHANNELS AT A TIME)
OSCILtOSCOPELIKE DISPLAY
(SET DESIRED CHANNEL
NO. IN LEFT SWITCHES)

CONTROL S TO START

Demonstrates:

2.1.2

Digitizing analog inputs from potentiometers (fa -7 )
8 8
and from 8 analog channels (lfa -17 ) both of
which can be connected to anal~g i~put devices.

Expandability of the AD12 to 32 input channels.

Verification of A/D calibration and function.

Generation of constants via the A/D potentiometers.

.DDATA12 or DATA12

ABSTRACT
DATA12 allows the user to sample any one of the 32 A/D channels and display the waveform on the scope as the data is received.

A threshold is

provided, as well as a sync-slope control for synchronizing on the input
wave.

The display can be frozen at any time, and the data manipulated by

2-3

a variation of the DATAM program.

A movable cursor is provided as well as

digit octal readout which gives the value of the data point under the cursor.
The manipulation routine includes scaling, integration, differentiation,
inversion, a bargraph, and tape reading and writing.
OPERATING PROCEDURES
DATA12 begins by displaying the first block of data read.

Any of the

following keys are then active:
Action
A

Add the contents of the Right Switches to each datum
in quarter 7; if bit ~ of the Right Switches is set,
the other 11 bits are complemented and effectively
subtracted from each datum.

Display the data as a bar graph.

Differentiate the waveform.

Run the data through a low pass filter.

Run the data through a high pass filter.

Integrate the waveform.

Double each datum.

Load the original data from quarter 6 back into
quarter 7,
and display the original waveform.

Invert the polarity of the data being displayed.

READ a block of tape from any of the eight LINCtape
transports. Note that this operation ptoceeds in
NO PAUSE mode; if an unselected transport is specified, the command remains lingering until replaced
with a new read or write tape instruction, or until
the correct transport number is set on the transport
indicator.

Halve the displayed data.

Write the data being displayed onto tape.
(This command
proceeds in NO PAUSE mode with extended units; the
same caution as specified in read (R above) applies with
the additional requirement that the command "linger"
until the specified unit is WRITE ENABLEd.)

Sample the external A/D channel specified at the rate
of the decimal multiple of 5~ microseconds selected.

2-4

After typing X, specifying the channel number and sample rate, and sampling for awhile, the following options apply:
a)

Typing any key terminates sampling and returns to display the
last collection of saved data points.

Typing ~ terminates sampling and transfers the last 256 points
into the display buffer, thus treating the last 256 points collected as data.
Pressing carriage RETURN returns to sampling of
the last selected channel at the last selected sampling rate.

The following Sense Switches (set to 1) perform the indicated function:

Sense Switch

Action

Continues sampling until the current trace of the
display is complete, then terminates sampling and
displays the last trace, treating it as original
data.

Functions as a polarity slope switch for synchronizing on either the positive slope (SSWl=~) or the
negative slope (SSWl=l) of the external A/D input.

Suppresses the cursor and octal

Suppresses the

readout~

level baseline.

The A/D potentiometers are used as follows:
Knob

Function
Adjusts the bias level added to each sample during
sampling only.

No function.

Adjusts the horizontal position of the four digit
octal readout from the cursor.

No function.

Adjusts the threshold level at which the program
syncs onto the level at the selected A/D channel.

Adjusts the position of the cursor on the waveform
being displayed, and thus the point whose digitized
value appears on the scope.

Adjusts the vertical position of the four digit
octal readout frnm the cursor.

Not used by this proqram.

2-5

x
Summary Frame

DATA12

.FAST SAMPLE THE A-D
.. WRITE DATA ON TAPE
... MANIPULATE DATA
(differentiate, integrate
filter, scale, etc.)

Help Frames
TYPE:
TO DO
A
ADD RIGHT SWITCHES
B ..• BAR GRAPH
(type C to return to data display)
1

D
F
H

DIFFERENTIATE
FILTER (LOW PASS)
FILTER (HIGH PASS)

I
L

INTEGRATE
MAKE LARGER
ORIGINAL DATA
INVERT POLARITY
READ A TAPE BLOCK

0
p
R

MAKE SMALLER
WRITE DATA ON TAPE
NEW EXTERNAL INPUT
(return to channel select frame)

CR ... REPEAT SAMPLING
(OF THE SAME CHANNEL)

1
4
5

4
5
2

SENSE SWITCHES:
STOP AFTJ;m lST
SWEEP AND DISPLAY
SLOPE CONTROL
(INPUT SYNCHRONIZATION)
SUPPRESS CURSOR
SUPPRESS BASELINE

KNOBS:
SAMPLING DC BIAS
THRESHOLD
CURSOR
X-COORDINATE
Y-COORDINATE

Demonstrates:
1.

Mathematical data analysis and manipulation visible on
the VR12 display.

LINCtape as a data storage medium.

Sense Switches and A/D Knobs as a mode of interaction
with the PDP-12.

Data acquisition via A/D converter.
2-6

.DMAGSPY or MAGSPY

2.1.3

ABSTRACT
MAGSPY provides a moving window for scanning data stored on LINCtape.

The

data ~s scanned or halted on the scope at a rate determined by the setting
of A/D Knob 7.

The data can be interpreted as waveforms, packed ASCII charac-

ters, or four digit octal numbers, in either half or full size characters.
In the octal display, the leftmost column indicates the position of the
first octal value of column two in the block currently being displayed.
Therefore, each 12-bit word on tape down to the bit position on tape may
be examined and identified by position in a block 0£ tape.

OPERATING PROCEDURES
After loading MAGSPY the following message is displayed:
DATA BEGINS
IN BLOCK
OF UNIT
Type the starting tape block number, fJ to 777, and press RETURN.
(Leading zeros are not requited.)

Type the tape drive number,

and press the LINE FEED key to begin displaying tape blocks.
12-FISA-D for operational details.)

~to

(Refer to DEC-

(The unit and block number display

is initially in full-size character mode.

However, it may appear in half-

size character mode if waveform display was the last mode when returning
from the text display.)
RESTART
To restart MAGSPY to select another option, tape drive, or initial starting
block number, use the following procedure:
a.

Press STOP

Set

Press START LS

4~2~

in the Left Switches

WAVEFORM DISPLAY
1

When Sense Switch ~ is set, the data on the tape blocks is interpreted as
vertical coordinates for a
sion between blocks.

Knob 7 counterclockwise.
ning of the tape.
1

~oint

~isp~ay

display.

A vertical line marks the divi-

increasing tape block numbers, turn A/D

A clockwise rotation will move toward the begin-

A center position halts the display.

sense Switch n being "set" means Sense Switch n = 1.

TEXT DISPLAY
If Sense Switch ~ is not set, the data on tape is interpreted as packed
ASCII characters.

If Sense Switch 1 is set, the text is displayed in

full-size mode; if it is not set, data is displayed in half-size mode.
The current block number and unit are displayed at the top of the scope.
A horizontal bar indicates the end of the current block.

A carriage

RETURN on the tape will create a new source line on the display.

DIAL

sources are stored in packed ASCII.
Rotating A/D Knob 7 counterclockwise moves the display toward the end of
the tape (BLK ~~~follows BLK 777); rotating it in the opposite direction
displays data toward the beginning of the tape.

A center position main-

tains a steady display.
OCTJ\L DISPLAY
If Sense Switch 2 is set, the data on tape is interpreted as an octal 12
bit value from ~~~~ to 7777.
of numbers.

The display takes the form of five columns

The leftmost column indicatesthe position of the first octal

value of column

2 in the block currently being displayed.

Therefore, each

12-bit word on tape down to the bit position on tape may be examined and
identified by position in a block of tape.

MAGS PY
Summary Frame

A MOVING WINDOW
FOR SCANNING A
LINC-TAPE
MAGSPY CONTROL

Help Frames

SENSE SWITCH ~:
=~ •.. DISPLAY TEXT
=l •.. DISPLAY WAVE FORM

SENSE SWITCH 1:
= ~
DISPLAY SMALL TEXT
= 1 •.. DISPLAY LARGE TEXT
SENSE SWITCH 2:
=~ ... DISPLAY SYMBOLIC TEXT
= l ... DISPLAY OCTAL TEXT
A-D KNOB 7:
TURN CLOCKWISE TO MOVE TOWARD
BEGINNING OF TAPE.
TURN COUNTER-CLOCKWISE TO MOVE
TOWARD END OF TAPE.
2

2-8

*REMEMBER!*
HIT RETURN KEY TO RETURN
TO DEMO MONITOR.
CONTROL S TO START

Demonstrates:
1.

LINCtape as an extension of core and simultaneous read and
display of data via fully buffered controller.

Block-oriented format of LINCtape.

Three methods of data translation:
a.
b.
c.

2.1.4

Analog
ASCII text
Octal

A/D knobs for user control of LINCtape and programs.

Easy retrieval of stored data for further study.

.DFRQANA or FRQANA

ABSTRACT
FRQANA performs frequency analysis resulting in thirty-two component cosine,
sine, and rms spectra.

Data and coefficient displays can be scaled; the

original data can be resynthesized from the sine and cosine components to
check visually the accuracy of the analysis.
OPERATING PROCEDURES
When the program is first started, and each time R is typed, new input data
(2 blocks) can be retrieved from LINCtape by supplying values to the following message on the scope:
RETRIEVE DATA
(2 BLOCKS)
STARTING AT BLOCK
UNIT
Type the number of the first of two consecutive LINCtape blocks to be analyzed and press the RETURN key.
unit number to be read,

~-7,

Leading zeros must be typed.

and press the LINE FEED key.

specified are read in and displayed.
2-9

Type the tape

The two blocks

Data input can then be scaled by typing L to increase the vertical scale
by 50 percent or by typing S to decrease. the vertical scale by 50 percent;
L or S may be typed repeatedly,

if desired.

To perform the frequency analysis, type F.

When the analysis is complete,

the display will reappear according. to which display option previously had
been chosen.
To compute the resynthesized waveform from the frequency components, type
T.

Again the display will reappear according to the display option that

had been chosen.

If the display option is I, input data, the second trace

is the resynthesized waveform.

The input data can be compared with the re-

synthesized waveform by turning knob 1.

Knob l is a trace separator, af-

fecting only the vertical display of the data.

When the knob is turned

fully counterclockwise, the top trace is the original data.
At any time during operation, a different display may be selected by typing
the appropriate key.

To select the input data and resynthesized waveform

display, the user types 1.

This is the display that appears immediately

after a program start or restart.
The command C causes the frequency component display to appear with the cosine components on the left and the sine components on the right.
be scaled using.knob 2.
To select an rms spectrum for display, type P.

These can

This display can also be

scaled by knob 2.
Each bar in the graph of the components and the rms spectra represents a
single frequency component from 1 to 32, i.e., the first bar is the component for the 1 cycle signal generator, the second bar is the component for
the two-cycle signal generator, etc.

The absolute frequency of the analyzed

waveform components can only be obtained by taking the time period represented by the 512 data points sampled; this will vary depending on the
sampling rate used. to collect the data.

If the sampling rate were 512

points/second when the data was taken, then each bar of the graph represents the absolute components of the frequency domains 1 through 32.

the rate were 1024 points/second, then the bars represent frequencies 2,
4, 64 cps.
If, at any time, the user wishes to select new input data for analysis,
he simply types

R to restart the program.

2-10

KNOB COMMANDS
Knob 1

Trace separator (original data and resynthesized data)

Knob 2

Modify spectrum scale

TELETYPE COMMANDS

Hn.lve data

L
F

Enlarge data by half
Generate Fourier Coefficients (do frequency analysis)

Resynthesize F(t)

Display power spectrum

Display sine and cosine components

Display input data (and resynthesize data if T had
been typed)

Restart and retrieve data from tape

FRQANA
Surrunary Frame
(frequency analysis)
COMPUTATION OF THE
FREQUENCY COMPONENTS
OF WAVEFORM AND THE
RESYNTHESIS OF THEM
FROM STORED DATA.
Help Frame
KNOB 1
KNOB 2

FRQANA
TRACE SEPARATOR
MODIFY SPECTRUM SCALE

TO DO
TYPE:
F
GENERATE FOURIER
COEFFICIENTS
T
RESYNTHESIZE f (t)
S
MAKE DATA SMALLER
BY HALF
L
MAKE DATA LARGER
BY HALF

TYPE:
p

c
I

TO DO
DISPLAY POWER SPECTRUM
DISPLAY COSINE AND SINE
COEFFTCIEN'l'S
DISPLAY INPUT DATA
RE'l'JUEVE DATA FHOM TAPE

HIT CONTROL S TO STAR'r

Demonstrates:
1.

Rapid and convenient decomposition of a waveform into its
components.

2-11

2.1.5

Resynthesie of dat~ frol'f\ compQted coefficients q.nd, thqs,
visual estimation qf acQuracy or the analy~ia.

DIAL
For ABSTRACT and Ql?,ER.A~ING PROCEOPRES, see Section 2. 2. 1.

Summary Frame
HIT CONTROL S ANP
THE DIAL OPERATING
SYSTEM TAKES OVER
Help Frame
HI'l' CONTROL S

Demonstrates:

2.1.6

Transferring control from the DEM012 MonitQr ta DIAL without using the console switches.

Restarting

DIA~ ~utomatically

by a use~ program option.

.EFREQ12 or FREQ12

ABSTRACT
FREQ12 analyzes one period of a periodic waveform into sixteen Fourier components and di$plays the power spectrum continuously on channel

and the

incoming data on channel l of t;.he scope.
OPERATING PROCEDURES
If all Sense Switches are down, a waveform determined by ~nob 7 is genernted
(into locations

3~~-467).

Setting Sense

Switch~ up

form, display the Fourier components plotted as a
play the relative value of

th~

will freeze the wave-

ba~

histogram, and dis-

component on which the cursor rests.

The

fouricr components are displayed as a power spectrum with the Y-axis equal

to A +B , where A is the sine.and pis tpe cosine coefficient,
The cursor may be mov~d via knob ~ wnen Sense Switch ~ is set.

The posi-

may be ~ltered with knobs 4 and 6. In the readout, n = the frequency component tpat the cursot rests an1 xxxx is the
tion of the cursor

re~dout

relative value of the nth comronent, and SF is the

sc~le

factor of the

scale facto:t: is determined by the right three bits
of the Right Switches wpen Sense Switch ~ is down (=~).

Fourier Components.

The

2-12

Right Switches

7 is the smallest scale factor

is the largest scale factor

To sample data from any desired A/D channel, stop FREQ12, change the con-

g,t)

tents of location~<~
.Jnd 267 to SAM N=lOO+N where N is the desired channel, ?(;:f / 01 1 ~.
and then press START 2~.
6.

Summary Frame
(FOURIER ANALYSIS)
THIS PROGRAM WILL
ANALYZE A WAVEFORM
INTO 16 FOURIER
COMPONENTS. A CURSOR
IS PROVIDED TO READ
OUT THE AMPLITUDES.
--·---·------~-··

Help Frames

-----·-----·-----·--·--------- ------------·- -

FREQ12
SENSE SWITCH ~:
=~ GENERATE WAVEFORM WITH KNOB 7
=l DISPLAY COMPONENTS

WHEN SENSE SWITCH ~=l
KNOB ~ - MOVES CURSOR
KNOB 4 - HORIZ. POSIT.
OF READOUT
KNOB 6 - VERT. POSIT.
OF READOUT

- - - - - - - - - - -·-··---·-·--·--··· -SCALE FACTOR EQUALS:
RIGHT SWITCH SETTING
WHEN YOU CHANGE
SENSE SWITCH ~ FROM
A ~ SETTING TO 1.

--- --·-··- --- ·-·-- - ---·--- - - -

Demonstrates:
1.

On-line Fourier decomposition of a waveform (quantitative
first approximation at Fourier analysis).

Simultaneous acceptance of data on-line, complex computation with that data, and display of the results.

User interaction via Sense Switches.

Use of the two scope channels.

2-13

2 .1. 7

• EWAVES or WAVES

ABSTRACT
WAVES produces a model of a sound wave~ with reflection generation and harmonic beating on the scope.
OPERATING PROCEDURES
Upon loading WAVES, a traveling sine wave is generated on the scope.
all Sense Switches down

in~tially.

Set

The following controls are available:

•=

When Sense Switch 2 ~
Knob 5
controls the frequency of the sine wave
Knob 7·
controls the amplitude of the sine wave
When Sense Switch 2 = l!
Knob 6

determines the waveform generated by sampling
the value of this knob; time is constant.
(This
is used to generate your own waveshape.)
Knobs 5 and 7 are inoperative when SSW2 = 1.

Other Sense Switches:
SSW~=l

SSWl=

positive reflection

negative reflection

Help Frames

determines polarity of reflection when

=l
SSW3=1

Summary Frame

causes the wave to reflect off the scope's edge.
no reflection
SSW~

freezes waveform
traveling waveform

SIMULATION OF
SOUND WAVES
MOVING J~_.J\~~
START WITH SENSE
SWITCHES AT ZERO
SINE WAVE CONTROL:
KNOB 5 - FREQUENCY
KNOB 7 - AMPLITUDE
KNOB 6 - GENERATE WAVEFORM
IF SENSE SWITCH 2=1

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~--~~~~-

SENSE SWI'rcn ftj:
=l - REFLECT WAVE OFF SCOPE EDGE
=ftl - NO REFLECTION

2-14

is up.

SENSE SWITCH 1:
=l - POSITIVE REFLECTION
=~ - NEGATIVE REFLECTION
SENSE SWITCH 3:
=l - FREEZE WAVEFORM
=~ - TRAVELING WAVEFORM
---------····- - -- -------··-·

CONTROL S TO START

Demonstrates:
1.

2.1.8

Interactive physical model (PDP-12 Simulation); WAVES permits
sound wave parameter modification and immediate display of result.

.EB.BALL or B.BALL

ABSTRACT
B.BALL displays a bouncing ball's path on the scope; the resiliency of
the ball and the height from which i t will be dropped are the adjustable
parameters.
Knob

of the A/D converter controls the height of the ball for the initial

drop; analog channel knob 1 of the A/D converter controls the elasticity
~%

of the ball and can be varied from

to a theoretical

1~~%.

OPERATING PROCEDURES
A/D Knobs:
~

controls height from which ball will be dropped.

controls resiliency of the ball

Sense Switch:
~=l

Summary Frame

freezes the path of the ball.

ft
B. BALL *
(bouncing ball)
CON'1'ROL THE HESILIENCY OF THE BALL AND
'l:HE HEIGH'l FROM WHICH
IT IS DROPPED.
1

2-15

(from~%

to a theoretical

1~~%).

Help Frame
KNOB ~
KNOB 1
SWITCH ~=l

CONTROLS HEIGHT
OF FIRST BOUNCE
CONTROLS RESILIENCE
OF BOUNCES THEREAFTER
FREEZES PATH
OF THE BALL

Demonstrates:
1.

2.1.9

Simulation of a physical event permit ting user interaction
through A/D knobs and Sense Switches.

.EBASMEM or BASMEM

ABSTRACT
BASMEM displays a simplified model of sound wave transmission through the
cochlea in the inner ear to the basilar membrane.

Any point of time may

be selected; the amplitude of the incoming sound wave can be adjusted.
OPERATING PROCEDURES
Knob 1 controls the amplitude scale factor and should be adjusted when
the program is started.

Knob ~ allows selection of any point in time.

Note that the frequency of the sound wave is constant.
The wave should appear as follows (traveling to the right):

If this is the case (below), adjust the amplitude (knob 1) until the modc.d
is accurate, as:

Remember, this model is a linear display of the circular cochlea.

The

phase read-out is in radians (octal).
If Sense Switch 1 = 1, a movable phase indicator (a cursor controlled
by knob 2) appears along with the phase value.
tive to the base of the cochlea.

2-16

Phase ~s indicated rela-

BASMEM

Summary Frame
A MODEL ILLUSTRATING
SOUND TRANSMISSION
IN THE INNER EAR
THROUGH THE COCHLEA
TO THE BASILAR
MEMBRANE
Help Frame
BASMEM
KNOB ~:
ALLOWS SELECTION
OF A POINT IN TIME
KNOB 1:
ADJUSTS THE AMPLITUDE
OF INCOMING SOUND WAVE
SENSE SWITCH l=l:
KNOB 2 WILL
CONTROL CURS OR
(GIVES DISTANCE INTO THE
-----··--------·--··- .. _______ -· ____ ··--- _ COCHLEA IN RADIANS)
Demonstrates:
1.

2.1.10

Interactive simulation of a biological phenomenon - compression of sound from the spiral cochlea to the basilar membrane.

.FSOLACE or SOLACE

ABSTRACT
SOLACE displays both a martini of variable size and an olive on different
D/A channels.
OPERATING PROCEDURES
lf the display channel switch (above upper right hand corner of scope) is
set to 1&2, both martini and olive are displayed; channel 1 displays
only the martini, channel 2 displays only the olive.

The level of fluid

in the qlass will automatically <iJO down as the computer drinks the martini.
It them refills the glass and drinks another martini.

A/D knob

will vary the size of the martini; the size of the olive remains

constant.

2-17

SOLACE

Sununary Frame

ALLEVIATION OF GRIEF
OR ANXIETY
Webster's Collegiate
Dictionary, 1961

SOLACE
Help Frame

KNOB ~

GLASS SIZE

CHAN 1
DISPLAY GLASS
CHAN 2
DISPLAY OLIVE
CHAN 1&2 •• DISPLAY
BOTH
CONTROL S TO START
----""------·--·--·-·----· .............. ---······ ... ___________

.,,,

..................................................... ·-· ... .

Demonstrates:
1.

Two independent VR12 scope channels.

A/D Knobs to change operating parameters.

2. 1. 11

MUSIC

Summary Frame

THIS PROGRAM IS
RATED "R" ...•.
FOR RELAXATION ONLY
Help Frame

TURN UP THE SPEAKER VOLUME
AND JUST LISTEN!
C9NTROL S TO START

Demonstrates:
1.

Presence of a speaker usually used for audio checking
of data input and for diagnostic programs.

2-18

.FKALEID or KALEID

~.1.12

ABSTRACT
KALEID displays a kaleidoscope pattern on the scope and can be simply modified to output onto an XY12 plotter.

If the speaker is turned up, interest-

ing tone patterns are audible.

Summary Frame
KALEIDOSCOPE
"POP ART"
ON THE
GREEN MACHINE
Help Frame
HAVE FUN!
ADJUST THE PICTURE
WITH KNOB 7
TRY THE SPEAKER TOO.

2.1.13

.FDRAW12 or DRAW12

ABSTRACT
DRAW12 permits the user to create straight line drawings on the scope.
OPERATING PROCEDURES
Four knobs are used to control the drawing of a line:
Knob !1

controls the y-coordinate of one end of the line

Knob 2
Knob 1

controls the y-coordinate of the other end
controls the x-coordinate of one end of the line

Knob 3

controls the x-coordinate of the other end

To fix a line onto the scope, type any key on the keyboard.

All previous

lines fixed will be displayed simultaneously.
To erase the last line fixed, press the DELETE or RUBOUT key.

Successive

typing of RUBOUT will delete all stored lines.
To begin a new drawing either restart the program or delete all lines of
the old drawing.

2-19

A simple modification to this program is to sample knob 5 to vary
the number of blank points to skip before display of the lines.
That is, the line described by the coordinate pairs

12,~;

~,~would

normally contain 13 displayed points but by varying knob 5 the line
can display every other point, thus reducing flicker.
Summary Frame

(PDP-12 DRAWING PAD)
THIS PROGRAM CULTIVATES
LATENT ARTISTIC TALENT
BY PERMITTING THE
OPERATOR TO CREATE
STRAIGHT LINE DRAWINGS
ON THE PDP-12 SCOPE.

·-------···-·······--·-- ........

Help Frame

y coordinate of start of line
KNOB
KNOB 1 - x coordinate of start of line

KNOB 2 - y coordinate of end of line
KNOB 3
x coordinate of end of line

TO DO:
TYPE:
F
- FIX A LINE
RUB-OUT
- DELETE A LINE
CARRIAGE RETURN - START OVER
...........................

2.1.14

CONTROL S TO START
_______
_

.FECHASK or ECHASK

ABSTRACT
.ECHASK (Etch-a-Sketch) displays the path of a dot which can be moved
horizontally and vertically using the A/D knobs and Sense Switches.
OPERATING PROCEDURES
After the program ECHASK is loaded, a dot is displayed on the screen.

Move

the dot horizontally by rotating A/D knob ~ and vertically by rotating knob

As the dot moves, its path is recorded and displayed.

play up to 17--

points before filling its buffer.
8
and 5 provide the following capabilities:

Sense Switch

Setting

Effect
None
Erases display

2-20

ECHASK will dis-

Sense Switches 3, 4,

Sense Switch

Setting

Effect

4
4

Freezes display when buffer fills.

Erases points from beginning of display
while adding new points to the tail of
the etch.

Normal display mode, accepting contiguous points.

Continues displaying new points as dot
is moved but, after switch is restored
to ~, erases dots accepted when switch
was set to 1.

__!__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ •______ _

~~ummary

Frame

ECHASK

(Etch-a-Sketch)
THIS PROGRAM TRACES
THE PATH OF A DOT
AS YOU MOVE IT
ACROSS THE SCREEN.
Help Frame

KNOB ~ KNOB 4 -

moves dot vertically
moves dot horizontally

SENSE SWITCH 5:
=l
erase screen
SENSE SWITCH 4:
=~
stop when buffer
is full

when hlffer fills,
begin erasing from
beginning

SENSE SWITCH 3:
3

trace continuous
path of dot
erase segment drawn
while switch = 1

This switch allows user to draw
disjointed line segments.
CONTROL S TO START

2.1.15

.FSPCWAR or SPCWAR

ABSTRACT:
A tactical battle between two space vehicles armed with explosive rockets
is simulated on the scope.

Control is effected through the analog knobs

and Sense Switches, although provision has been made to use external analog
input and 9{ternal sense lines.

2-21

SPACEWARE OPERATING PROCEDURES
Initialization
SPCWAR~

is started at address

4~2~

in LINC mode; SPCWARl is called

from the demo library by typing SPCWAR, which functions as a linking loader for the main program.

Both start the program with the

following display:
display 1

* * * * * * *
* SPACEWAR *
* * * * * * *

The inital display disppears after a few seconds automatically or
can be replaced by pressing RETURN or LINE FEED.
is:
display 2

The next display

DO YOU HAVE JOYSTICKS AVAILABLE?
TYPE Y OR N, THEN L/F

Answering "N" to display 2 generates:
displii.y 3

DO YOU HAVE FIRING BUTTONS AVAILABLE?
TYPE Y OR N, THEN L/F

A response of "N" to display 3 generates:
display 4

SENSE SWITCH ~ FIRES
WHITE MISSILES
SENSE SWITCH 5 FIRES
BLACK MISSILES

This display will time ·out 1 and be replaced by:
display 5

EACH SHIP WILL START
WITH 2~ MISSILES
GOOD LUCK AND
GOOD HUNTING!

After this display is timed out, the main part of the program is
stated.
A response of "Y" to the joystick option, display 2 1 generates:
display 6

WHAT CHANNELS'DO YOU
WANT TO USE?
WHITE Y
WHITE X--BLACK Y--BLACK X - -

--- ·
2-22

Type in each A/D channel as two digi ts1 ~~ to 37.

Press RETURN after

each channel and LINE FEED after all channels are.entered.

The

main program will now look at the specified channels for velocity
information~

The program then returns to display 3.

Answering "Y" to the display 3 generates:
display 7

ARE YOU GOING TO
PLUG FIRE BUTTONS INTO
ANALOG CHANNELS?
TYPE Y OR N THAN L/F

Answering "N" to display 7, causes display 4 to appear.
Answering "Y'' to display 7 generates:
display 8

WHAT CHANNELS?
WHITE FIRES
BLACK FIRES~~-

Typing a line feed prior to inputting the fourth number causes
a return to display 6; typing a line feed after the fourth number
causes a return to display 4.
Main Program
The initialization routine terminates by resetting the score and
missile count and displaying the following message:

* * * * SPACEWAR * * * *
SET ALL KNOBS TO ZERO
THEN HIT LINEFEED
A X
A Y

(~) :+NN

(4) :-NN

BX (3):+NN
B Y

(7) :-NN

KNOBS 1, 5, 2, 6
CONTROL HAZARDS
Knobs

and 4 control the white ship, 3 and 7 the black ship.

The

hazards are simulated asteroids; striking an asteroid with a ship
or moving an asteroid into a ship will destroy that ship.
Set all four ship channels to zero and then press LINE FEED.

The

ships and asteroids will appear, unless an asteroid happens to be
occupying the same position as a ship, in which case there is a
small thermonuclear reaction; try again.
When any of the velocity knobs are displaced from zero, the associated
ship will move in the direction commanded.

2-23

Missiles are fired by

changing the position of the Sense Switches or the external level
voltage. Missiles have a velocity of V = 2Vx 2 + 2Vy 2 of the
ship at the instant of firing. Missiles which travel over the
scope boundaries are erased, although the ships will "wrap-around"
to the other side of the scope.

2-24

2.1.16

.TDAYCOM or DAYCOM

ABS'rRACT
DAYCOM (day computer} foretells or retells the day of the week for twentieth century dates.
OPERATING PROCEDURES
Upon loading DAYCOM, the following is displayed on the scope:
THE DATE
??/??/19??
Type the number of the month, the date of the month, the year - each
followed by a carriage RETURN.

Note that leading zeros are not required.

DAYCOM responds with the day of the week on which the date will occur or
has occurred.

Press carriage RETURN a fourth time to initialize the dis-

play and type another date.
(NOTE:

DAYCOM does not check for nonexistent dates}.

Summary Frame
DAY OF THE WEEK
COMPUTATION
FOR ANY DATE IN
THE 2,0TH CENTURY
~--~~------~-------~

---------·-·--·-········

Help Frame
TYPE:
MONTH-DAY-YEAR
(FOLLOW EACH WITH RETURN KEY)
LEADING ZEROS NOT
REQUIRED
TO RESTART PROGRAM, HIT RETURN KEY.
NOW CONTROL S TO START.

Demonstrates:
1.

Use of a question and answer subroutine.

2-25

2.1.17

.TSTPWCll or STPWCH

ABSTRACT
STPWCH (stopwatch) utilizes the KW12 to generate timing marks every 0.1
seconds and an update of the display to reflect the passage of time.
Two subrdutines, QANDA and KW12SUBC, are used, plus a short additional
program to generate STPWCH.

This latter program is responsible for

setting up the display buffer, checking for clock timing marks, and implementing the two Teletype commands.
OPERATING PROCEDURES
Upon loading STPWCH, the display below appears on the scope. Type T to start
the stopwatch initially and typing S stops the clock and displays the
last count.

Type T again to zero the minutes, seconds, and tenths of

seconds indicators and restarts the clock.

*
Summary Frame

STPWCH

A PDP-12 STOPWATCH
US ING THE KWl 2
REAL TIME CLOCK

Help Frames
TYPE:
TO DO:
T - START TIMING
S - STOP THE WATCH
CONTROL S TO START

IF THERE IS NO KW12
IN THE SYSTEM, THE
PROGRAM SUGGESTS A
PURCHASE.

CONTROL S TO START

Demonstrates:
1. KW12 real time clock.

2-26

.~CLOCK or CLOCK

2.1.18
ABSTRACT

CLOCK displays a clock with an hour, a minute, and a second hand.

Watch

time fly.
OPERATING PROCEDURES
Upon loading CLOCK the following display appears on the scope:
HRS??

MIN??

'rype in the appropriate hour, press RETURN, type the minutes and press
RETURN.
The clock is displayed set to the time that was typed.
The second hand
1
will sweep 360° in 1 second (±20% ); the minute and hour hands will sweep
accordingly.

The clock can be reset by pressing any key on the keyboard,

causing HRS??

MIN?? to be displayed again.

By setting Sense Switch ~ = 1, the clock will step its speed to that of
.

a stopwatch.

The second hand will sweep 360° once every second,
minute and hour hands will sweep accordingly. 2

the

Summary Frame
DISPLAY A CLOCK FACE:
SET THE TIME AND
WATCH THE MINUTES
GO BY.

-----------------Help Frame
TYPE THE TIME:
HOURS/MINUTES
(EACH FOLLOWED BY RETURN KEY)
TO RESET, HIT RETURN.
SENSE SWITCH ~=l:
WATCH TIME FLY
CONTROL S TO START
Demonstrates:
1.

Q & A subroutine, VR12, and Sense Switches.

The clock program uses its own timing loop to determine sweep rate; therefore, all timing will be ±20%.

once the clock rate has been increased, it can be reset by typing any key.
2-27

2.2 Programs Under Control of DIAL
The following programs are also on the DEM012 ta.pe and are of a more practical nature than most of the demonstration programs on the tape.

All of the

following programs require DIAL to be loaded by the procedure in section
2.2.l

DIAL
is the Display Interactive Assembly Language written for the
PDP-12 and provides the user with a keyboard operating system
for editing, assembling, and file handling.
DIAL starts in
the edit mode. Refer to the LAP6-DIAL Programmer's Reference Manual, DEC-12-SE2B-D, for.details. See Section
1.6 for Loading Procedures.

2.2.2

MARK12
formats and verifies certified and uncertified LINCtapes for
the PDP-12 in standard format (256 words/block) or a special
129 words/block format.
MARK12 formats the tape, writes a
pattern in each block, and checks all its operations, including checksums and block numbers.
(If only DECtape is available, it can be rewound and then formatted using MARK12~ Call
the program by -Lo MARK12, ~,) and follow the instructions on
the scope.

2.2.3

PIP
is the Peripheral Interchange Program which transfers source
or binary information between input/output devices, including
LINCtape, high-speed and Teletype reader/punch, card reader
and line printer. Whole files or individual blocks may be
transferred. PIP is called from DIAL by -PI.~and once started
may be restarted by typing CTRL/P.
Refer to the DIAL manual
for more detailed information.

2.2.4

EX.PROG
demonstrates the power of the PDP~12 Instruction Set by using
just eight instructions to sample two A/D channels based on
the setting of Sense Switch ~, display the sampled data and
write it onto LINCtape for later inspection by .MAGSPY.
EX.PROG is called by
LO EX.PROG,~

2.2.5

AD DEMO
loads the DEM012 Monitor System from tape while using DIAL.
The cal 1 is -Lo DEMO, f6) .

2.2.6

BINLOAD
reads and stores information on binary coded paper tape into
the PDP-12 via the high-speed or Teletype reader. All diagnostic messages are ignored. To use the loader, type ~Lo BINLOAD,f6.1 .
Put the paper tape in the reader, set the reader to START, and
press STA.RT LS on the console.
·

2-28

2.2.7

L8SIM
traps LINC-8 and classic LINC Teletype input and output instructions and then simulates them for PDP-12 operations.
Control is returned to the user program after simulation of
the instruction.
The L8SIM loading procedure is
1.

Type -Lo L8SIM,~).

Replace the DEM012 tape with a LAP4 or LAP6
tape.

Press I/O PRESET.

Set the Left and Right Switches to

Proceed in the LAP4 or LAP6 manner.

~7.01

2.2.8

1~1.0

CONVERT
translates a LAP6 or LAP6-3L source program on LINCtape to
source usable by DIAL.
To use CONVERT, mount the LAP6 tape
containing the sourc;ce program to be translated on unit l.
Type -Lo CONVERT,S ~ to start the conversion.

2.2.9

FOCAL4K, FOCAL8K
The Formula CALculator programs are the 4K and 8K versions
of the language designed at DEC to help students, engineers,
and scientists solve numerical problems.
The language consists of imperative commands and mathematical expressions
typed primarily in standard notation. Both versions of
FOCAL use lK of lower memory for variables; FOCAL8K stores
its text in upper memory and FOCAL4K uses lower memory.
FOCAL8K permits many more variables and longer programs.
Load the appropriate version of FOCAL by -Lo FOCAL8K,~..J
or -Lo FOCAL4K, .0 ) •

2 . 2 . 10

CAROLS
provides musical entertainment appropriate for the Holiday
Season.
Load the program by -Lo CAROLS,~~ and turn up
the speaker volume.

2.3

DIAL Demonstration

The following sequence is designed to highlight the important features of
the PDP-12 DIAL system including its editing capabilities, assembly techniques, binary and source program storage, program execution, and additions
and deletions to the tape index.

Start DIAL by one of the procedures in

Section"l.6.

2-29

When the DIAL Working Area is displayed, clear it by
typing -cL.J •

Write a simple program, such as the one that follows
which displays a line on the scope.

1
2
3

4
3.

*2~

SAM 1
DIS I
3
JMP .-2

To demonstrate the editing feature of DIAL:
a)

Move the cursor with A/D Knob 3 until it is
under the 3 in DIS I 3.

Press the RUBOUT key to erase the 3.

Type 1 so the instruction now reads DIS I 1

Move Knob 3 counterclockwise until it
is under the 1 in SAM 1.

Press RUBOUT.

Type 2 so the instruction is SAM 2.

Move knob 3 all the way back to the right by
rotating it clockwise.

Move knob 7 to display varied numbers of
lines of text.

Assemble the program by typing either the command
-,AS .J which performs the assembly or the command
-LI ..,J which assembles the program and lists i t on
the Teletype (or line printer, if available).

Store the program on tape as
a)

binary, by typing .. SB LINE, l ~
to store
the program named LINE on tape on unit 1,
or

source, by typing -sP LINE, l )
to store
the source program named LIN~ on tape on
unit 1. To produce a hard copy of the source,
type -7' PS LINE, 1 ~ .

(Any other unused program name can be used in this
step. Be sure to continue to use that name in the
remaining steps also.)
6.

Check the tape index on unit 1 to show that the new
program, LINE, has been stored by the command -DX,1.,1 .
Page through the index by pressing the ALTMODE key
commands until the program LINE source (S) and/or
binary (B) is displayed.
The program name, type
(source or binary), beginning block number on tape
(BN), and number of blocks (BLKS) used are included
in the display.

This program's origin is at location 2~.
It samples channel 1,
digitizes it and displays it on the scope. The "I" causes
autoindexing and thus the display of a line instead of a point.
The JMP instruction causes a closed loop.
2-30

'l'he following AL'l MODE commands can be used:
1

ALT MODE key 1 1

Forward one frame

ALT MODE key 1 .·2
AL.TMODE key1 .Q

Forward one entry

ALTMODE' key1 W

Backward one entry

Backward one frame

A prog,ram stored on tape may be deleted from the tape
by the following steps:

Step through the index until the last
line displayed on the screen is the file
that is to be deleted.

Press RUBOUT once; the line will disappear.

Type R if the file is to be restored or
eliminate it by typing : (colon) to make
the deletion permanent.

The index can be printed, if desired, by typing~ PX, 1 ~.

To return to the DIAL Working Area, press the RETURN key.

To execute the program LINE:

Type
-Lo· LINE, 1 ..J
to load i t into core.

Press the I/O PRESET switch

Press the START 2jj switch.

A line will be displayed on the screen.
Rotate knob 2
to the leftand right to move the line up and down.
This program is sampling potentiometer 2 and displaying
the data oh' the scope.
9.
10~

Stop the program by rocking the STOP switch back and
forth.
To reload DIAL, refer to section 1.6.

2-31

APPENDIX A
KW12, REAL TIME CLOCK, SUBROUTINE SETUP PACKAGE

ABSTRACT

This package of subroutines contains the necessary fixed
pr~)tocol

required to start the KW12 Real Tine Clock.

The main

program need only specify the working settings of the clock
control register, the clock enable register, and the buffer
register.

Note that this subroutine package is designed only

to initialize the clock.

Clock interrupts must be handled

using the CLSA (6135) instruction.
2.

REQUIREMENTS

2.1

Storage
KW12SUBC uses 137 octal or 95 decimal locations.

2.2

Location
The first location of this subroutine package should
be assembled into the first location of any 8 mode
page with the rest of the program following in successive locations.
in location

6~~~

The subroutine is preset to start
of bank ~ unless changed

by the

user.
2.3

Equipment
PDP-12 with KW12A clock option.

USAGE

3.1

Calling Sequence
This subroutine has five 8 mode entry points that are
indirectly called as follows:
JMS I .+l
KW xx xx

/Indirect jump to subroutine
/whose location is contained
/in the location immediately
/following the JMS

A-1

In using one of the entry points, the subroutine will
look for data contained in the third, fourth, and fifth
locations following the JMS.

In all cases 1 except when

the clock counter is to be read, the AC and link of the
main program are preserved.
4.

DE,?CRIPTION

The entry point KWMEASure is used to set up the clock
to measure events or intervals of time.

The working

contents of the clock control register, clock enable
register, and the number of counts to overflow are
specified in the locations following the JMS, as
follows:

.+l
.+2

JMS I .+l
KWMEAS
ClC2G3C4

/JMS to entry point KWMEAS
/Clock control register setting

.+3
.+4

BUFF
ElE2E3E4

/No. of counts to overflow
/Clock enable register setting

.+5

/Control returns here

The first two octal digits of the control register
setting control the rate and mode of the clock, respectively.

The last two digits are used to simulate in-

puts from the external channels.

The interpretation

of c , the rate control, is as follows:
1
~l

Rate

STOP
400 KHz
100 KHz
10 KHz
1 KHz
100 KHz
Count occurrences of events on external
channel 1 if E =2.
3

1
2
3
4

The interpretation of c 2 , the mode control, is as follows:

Counter runs at selected rate and overflow
is set after 4f196 counts. The counter continues to run and the overflow must be
cleared by IOT 6135.
A-2

£2

Mode (Cont'd)

Counter runs at selected rate. Upon occurrence of overflow caused by the most signi~
ficant bit of the counter going from a 1
to a ~' the contents of the buffer preset
register is transferred to th€ counter.

Counter runs at selected rate. Upon occurrence of an event on an enabled channel,
the contents of the counter are transferred
to the buffer preset register and the counter
continues to run.

Counter runs at selected rate.
Upon occurrence of an input event on channel 3, the
contents of the counter is transferred to
the buffer preset register and the counter
is preset to ~ from which it continues
counting.
Inputs on channels 1 and 2 behave as if c 2 =2.

The counter runs at the selected rate and
overflows every 4~96 counts. Upon occurrence of an overflow, an A/D conversion is
initiated if the fast sample mode is in use.
Overflow must be cleared by the 6135 instruction. Note than when in this mode A/D conversions are inhibited unless a clock overflow occurs.

This is treated as the combination of
(C =4) and (C =1).
2
2

BUFF is an octal number, 1-7777, and is the number of counts
to occur before the counter overflows. The subroutine places
the 2's complement of BUFF in the buffer preset register and
initially in the counter.
The last 3 digits of the enable register setting are interpreted as follows:
Function
~,2,4,6

No.function

1,3,5,7

Causes clock interrupt on counter
overflow.

1 •

A-3

Function

No Function

Enable interrupt on channel 2 if channel
2 input enabled.

Enable input on channel 1

(E =1) and (E 3 =2)
3
No Function

Same as E =1

Enable input and interrupt on channel 1

=6) and (E =1)
3

Function
~

No Function

Enable input channel 3

Enable input and interrupt for channel 3

Enable input channel 2

Same as E =4
4
(E 4 =4) and (E 4=2)
(E =4) and (E =3)
4
4

6
7

Upon entering the KW12 setup subroutine package at point
KWMEASure, the subroutine retrieves the locations .+2,
.+3, and .+4 considering the location (.) to be the locations of the JMS I

.+l.

The contents of these locations

are stored in software created control (KWCONR) , enable
(KWENAB), and buffer registers (KWBUFF).
is set up to perform the specified tasks.

Then the clock
Control is

returned to location .+5 with the AC and link preserved
and the clock running.
Other entry·points are used as follows:
JMS I

.+l

.+l
.+2

/Stop the clock but preserve
/software control, enable, and
/buffer registers.
/Control returns here with AC
/and link preserved.

JMS I .+l
KWCONTinue

/Restart the clock using the
/settings contained in the
/software registers. Control
/returns here with the AC and
/link preserved.

A-4

.+l

JMS I .+l
KWREAD

/Read the clock counter into
/the AC.
If overflow has oc/curred, set link = 1, other/wise link= ~. Control
/returns here .

• +2.

/In the process of performing
/the read, the buffer preset
/register is restored to the
/contents of KWBUFF.
.+l

JMS I .+l
KWINIT

/Initializes the clock apd
/clears software control,
/enable 7 and buffer registers.
/Control returns to main
/program here with AC and
/link preserved.

.+2

5.0

EXAMPLES
The following is a program to ring the Teletype bell one
time per second:
BEGIN, JMS I .+l
KWMEAS

/JMS indirectly to
/loc KWMEAS
/Rate = l~~ Hz, Mode = 1
/144 octal or 1[3~ decimal counts
/to overflow
/Interrupt on clock ove~flow

51/151
,0144
fJl/1[3
CHECK, CLSK
JMP CHECK
CLSA
CLA
TAD K2f37
TSF
JMP .-1
TLS
JMP CHECK

/(6131) skip on clock interrupt
/Wait
/Clear Clock Flag (6135)
/Clear AC
/Load 2/17 into AC
/Check teletype flag
/Output AC to teletype
/Go back and wait for next
/clock overflow
/Symbol definition
/Append KW12 setup subroutine
/package

The following is a program that will ring the teletype
bell after counting
BEGIN, JMS I .+l
KWMEAS
61~~
~~74
~12~

CHECK, CLSK
JMP CHECK
CLSA
CLA
TAD K2~7
TSF

events on external channel 1:
/JMS indirectly to
/location KWMEAS
/Rate = chan 1, Mode
l
/Interrupt after (74)
or
8
I ( 6~)
counts
/Enabt~ chan 1 input
/interrupt on overflow
/(6131) skip on clock interrupt
/Wait
/Clear Clock Flag (6135)
/Clear AC
/Load AC with (2~7) 8
/Test Teletype flag

A-5

JMP .-1
TLS
JMP CHECK
K2fJ7, fJ2n

/Wait
/Ring bell
/Jump to wait loop
/Symbol definition
/Append KW12 setup subroutine
/package

A-6

INDEX
AD DEMO

2-28

.A-DTST

2-1

BASMEM

2-16

BINLOAD

2-28

B.BALL

2-15

CAROLS

2-29

CLOCK

2-27

Command Keys

1-3

CONVERT

2-29

CTRL Keys

1-3

DAY COM

2-25

Demonstration Prnqrams
Under DEM012 Monitor Control

2-1

Under DIAL Control

2-29

DIAL

1-12, 2-12, 2-28

DIAL Demonstration

2-29

DRAW

2-19

.DA-DTST

2-1

.DDATA

2-3

.DFRQANA

2-9

.DMAGSPY

2-7

ECHll.SK

2-20

EXP ROG

2-28

.EBASMEM

2-16

.EB.BALL

2-15

.EFREQ12

2-12

.EWAVES

2-14

FOCAL 4K, 8K

2-29

FREQ12

2-12

FRQANA

2-9

. FDRAW12

2-19

.FECHASK

2-20

.FKALELD

2-19

.FSOLACE

2-17

.FSPCWAR

2-21

HELP Frames

1-5

Example of Change

1-10

Modifying

1-5

Organization

1-5

Transferring to Tape

1-8

Index

1-2

INITIALIZATION IN PROGRESS Frames

1-3

KALE ID

2-19

KW12SUBC

A-1

Loading DEM012

1-1

Loading DIAL .

1-12

L8SIM

2-29

MAGS PY

2-7

Mapping SUMMARY/HELP Frames

1-6

MARK12

2-28

Modifying SUMMARY/HELP Frames

1-5

MUSIC

2"-28

PIP

2-28

SOLACE

2-17

SPCWAR

2-21

Starting DEMO

1-1

STPWCH

2-26

SUMMARY Frames

1-5

Modifying

1-5

Organization

1-5

Transferring to Tape

1-8

Tape Index

1-2

Typing New SUMMARY/HELP Frames

1-8

.TCLOCK

2-27

.TDAYCOM

2-25

.TSPWCH

2-26

WAVES

2-14

uemo Monitor
User's Guide
READER'S COMMENTS

DEC-12-UXZB-D

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