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AC-F348E-MC

April 1981

134 pages

Original

20MB

Document:	XXDP+ Users Manual Rev E Apr81
Order Number:	AC-F348E-MC
Revision:	0
Pages:	134
Original Filename:	http://bitsavers.org/pdf/dec/pdp11/xxdp/AC-F348E-MC_XXDP+_Users_Manual_Rev_E_Apr81.pdf

OCR Text

1DE Nr IF 1CA TION
PRODUCT NAME:

AC ... F'348E ....,MC

Product Nam~:

(HOUSEO XXOP+/SUPR uSE MAN

Produc.t Date!

April 1981

Maintainer:

e 1

Diagnostic System~ Engint"ering

The information in this docLJ'nent is subject to change withOi..;t notice and

nut

construed

SEJ

commi tment by Digital Equipment Corporation.
may

flli. .l1pment Corporation assttnes no responsibn i~y for ony errors that
1nth is d·()c lJt"\ent •

Should
Digital
appear'

No r-esponsitli LHy is assuned tor the use or reliabH ity of software on equipment
thtH is net supplied by Digital or its affH iated companies.
i

1979# 1981 ;,y Digital Equipment Corporation

The fo lowing are fro!

f119ta ~ PDP: UN1BUS.,

d. Digital Equipment Corporation:
DEC, DE Ct'S, DEC tape. DE ( I X11

(

Page 2

SEQ

o 1
T,abt.e Of

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1: what is XXOP+:
;~" ott~~ ': ~ to~s~ Hds Mal"\'ual

r~t)cter

. ,a.pt ~

Page 3

3. (onvent' Of')f)

(haprer 4: Bri@f D.scription of Mof'l!itor
ChaPt~t" I); Start '''9 t"~ ~n'itor
(flbutf!'r 6 :~'i tor (~artd~
(".P'ft'f (: Moni tor E('ror ""'ssages,

5
~

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,

14
18

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tt),nHer' 9; Runt lmP SfI'tvHe<; CO""''IIJf'lds

(I',30te- r

(hdPtf!'r'O; Runt'~

PART Iv
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Services Error ME>~saqe~

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C"aptf!'f" 13! PAin"

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, J:Driv".,. frrCH" ~~Sa9'e",.

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,,~ x. (: C~. S~ry
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~ )( £:: 6atdl ,.,.,trot S~ar'1
~~nd l( f: user lips
4t~end ., G~ Glo$sa"y
~.~ )( Hz C~nt Names.

•• {)P+ S}' ~ t. @fI!\
If", t f'OGut t ion

,,,.r·:$ M:anu.t

PART t --lntrOdu( t io"

is thtt diagnost it OJ)4trat i"'i,ystM for pdp\/l.f-n ;$.
The
Of this Iftanuat is to de!u::r ibe thtt (Jpef'at to" oft .... Xnp.
Sy,tfiM.lt
t)efn·writt." for use by both new.nd '1Pt'''i.~t''d
\1$,."$..
(haptPt 2. cont.ins .(lvi(;o on how to us. f'his· ",~L. f~
glO\sary (~ir G> ha, _firfit 1M!!, o'ft.f'M$ u,~in this
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p.,Jrpo~e

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lne XXDP. 5'yst_ consists of four major (~t'5.
1_1. a"(f
t tw! *",H or..
t ht ..H agnos tic ,..,-"t i_ s.rvi (.s •. ut it it 1 pt'ct'f'_:S

..,-Kt t oadab t e dttvdr i v.,r9
for the ut it It i.s..
T.....
tour
«(~nts wor~ t.ther to' .«~ll'h the $'ystM f\l'\(tiMat Uy.

fn. ~Il(Jl c~t is the h'ghest t..~l sof't' . .r~ lind fo",sth.

of thl- SystM. Al t of ttlt ot"" (~tt "e".rir• .,.,i'tol"
!it4)pOrt for t,.,.ir ClIPtr.tion. the fllltJnitor provh1.,s ~ogf"_ t.oad
at~ •••(ut1oo, tonlohttt""inel s.rvi4:'If$" batch control ,and fH.
~.!rvi(tS <loading ... r.ttd,,. fit •• ) fot'
'S)'St_ wdi"-' ~t.)".
Tht sy-stM .....,1""· is thtt storage lledi"" on tf'W dIIvh:. ft'CM which
ftw- monitor W.$ l~.
At.\ other (~t.1 "tilfD th.
ttNftin.l sl.... vh:.·s fOfClPftratot' t~ic.tf"", and ".. "H.
~.rv i(., f'O,. c,,.ta in optr"at ions dfttribtd la,t.,..
COl!r.

t,.

th........ TlfllfSERVJCE.S

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J

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•• t,",1 fon

the'

llIOnitorwhi(h

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non-di.agnosti(fync:t ion ~rt f'or (.,-tain tJ1M'!i of
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to
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r\l'\t'Mit
,.,.vic., f)r'O'V hi. e,." • it.,..,.:rd optrator fnt.r'ate, .. • ,.rot'
h)...... tt.fng. ~. cent,.,,,, of' <ff~lt,.( ...,.atlon.

•

ttl. U'flt. tfY PROGRAN$! II"'. used fOt' fH ....... 1$>Ul.tion <,."Q ... IiOV""
f
ft .• ant pta,. to enotMr); df.ttgnO'st i( ~,~,... .t.t'ilatfon
<.c"'•• ting di~1tfc"H.swH" .,........~~ . info.,.,..tion ..• tt~Md~.
H ht MOdi ,ie.tion ("))atchingH) ...., c,...tion of bitch ('Ofttrol
H U.s.. r.... ut H i ty
utI tM IIIOnftor fOt' t,ping and
,..cthdng
and for lo.dfnt t .... "'f'...,J"f'lt • • "ft. d"f~r'5

it.,

Pf'ovr-.'
"$''-''
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the, fourth «~t of t""XXI)P" 'S,1tM t~ t~. (oU,.('tt. 0"
o.v1te h.ndlfr't. or OAJY£AS..
at'.. ustW:I b,. t,_v."~ous
vt it ity prot'''' to t(teSlstor'."cUa Ind 110 wvic.,..
fh." ,
11". r.,;lcMnton 11,t. Itt""' . . .di", and to_d into ...or, a1$
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Wi"

'ft.

f~ .~ ',~op...
.rlv.d '" tM fot lo.tng ~r.
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G 1

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! t\! .. (yaue t i()f',

,"f"

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~ .'M"!IP t e •
t h.,. . XXDP+S yStM fOr the AJeo' _ .hi, h ~ 'S 1 d.n t H if''' by
f he. ~Jtl,
'1>x··. Tne. (ha'''" tE'rs. '1)p' , stand for •b 1~st i <:
"'J.n~ ~.
r~ htr ring . t(). t n. p'" ""'''1 . hJn( t 'i 0f'I of
t. hE' Soys t"' ;
d~a~~Hic.r"lea$. and distribution.Ttm ".H(h Hp.r.~t l.at,.1l> this
~"yil t"" f r~ ~X,DP. thE'for,.r~r ot .)(XOp·.

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Wh~ orde"l~ ord1isevsr-dr,g thE' IJariou.s,
softwari!!' (~t~
~XOP."
VOt.J] shout.d always]. r.h~f
to tl"le (~~"t n~.

•

«"~fW'tif fl. . . . woultJ .b@ • t~x~o )(~DP. D)( ~l TOR BI"" ~cr
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~ty

tr.

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n."f
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the ,~'" t i s .
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that thi.~, produ( t .. ; S ..• ~HQ'"
Ot"*rcoo.srfilr.$"r>!

,,.It i t H'f progrM~ (UJ.<Mv ~c. drivers(l» • runt'.,.. S@Jr\J i(~~' {.$)
And ~anuats
(0) •
ttl*,. t,,,,ird gr~rf'ffl'r.s totd th",. t~~'I;"i,@
9;4,JPp;Of' t ..d( ifl thft (' .s@ Of ~i tOf-!) .ndcfev'ct Ijr i vt"rs.} Of' ty~ Of

~of ("cU'p . <in
th. (.'s~()f ut Hi ty prt>gt*"s or runti_s..rlit1 tf'i:J \ •
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ffrstr@,dS;l!Jri withaM patch,. ,)r t~r.rr fI!!rOdintj)ttion.
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fur it n~l (It'fI> (i~t
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C~..mt~

tQ~r.di;t( ~.

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bll1>'I!U
(;:If"\ the~~ o ....s.lo o.rlWi. th~
ff:~ H~f' ({~t h~.
dr~;~ t"~ "t· ~ ~ t.k,~t ""~~Il: t ~dw(h.r.( tftl'j,a$ l~
f 1\ ~ .".-.
4, t i c ~t s. •• Cfl>f ut it it ,progf'·"'S. havtl' ... $, $" fIlh: t~·~ ~ 0t"It-'. •
r t'i~ tit ~J it., or09r,-~ .trt (h t;; t"fbutt!i,d ~,rt ht i r .(>~ f!\~$.
!, H~~
(;POl ¥'d~n(o..
h,r \.IStf (~'lifrt"!l.!ftt.al')dh.'\¥'~ ~EUfll h;~r
, '.5 I () If ~ ff!nt;tOO'!lI •

tn·., '''1,''''

fhi9 rt ....... t is diwidwd into eight sections.. In(lwdlng this
intNl!O.«fOrYS4fc:t i on. I,.. addh ion to f,'Wtse d'Nlpt.,rs onrXOP. and
th<Y flWIInUIl ",the intn)dl,J("tory Sf'ct ion (Part 0 .{so Cortf .• ;'" th.
t ...-.f,..t
ifit.,.,f.(e ,and
coov..-.t ions «(t'wIpte,.}).. At l US."$
~hout.d f_it i.ril~ thMwl"." with this
infONUtio,l..
Tt'MIt .... t
four se(tions _S(fit.
.for (~ts of XXOP. in detaU.
Tn.
t.e tion (P."t VI) 8s(:,.fbe, heM to bui ld X.KnP+ on. MW
pif"ct' of Mlldi. ~itlg .,y ot,.,. X')(OP+l'lIiltdi.. Pat"C- vII descrt"'

fa.

t'"

,...t

the bet,h cortrot 1•• tvres of X)(])Pot.

The final section conta'''s

..,ith infOrMation y.tUilbt. for all XXDlh \ft."S.. tn.,..
h also an i~. for t1Ui(~ ,..f.rence use.
User,
shOuld
f.Hi.,-ile thellse",flt .. ith this s.(tion of tM ......... l ..

~i(.~

If 1S r.(CMWrdttd th:at the new wse,. c.,."fuH., read ••,h Sll( f iOf\
it,
Math.' one 'It( t ionbttfo"'att~·t ing the
Each
s.(t ion "has ,.".rat ex_le. oflCtuet
thaf wH l aid tn.

or,."..

r.~r'.
Wxo,pt i$ MOt.
u~er (.n h.~ J)fobt ..... if
dQ<;. \.MInt •

u'.
an ov.rt (OfIlP!icated
Y

.,..t.

sylt . . .

he Ot' $"- dOts not (.arefully

r...

but ......w

thi'

T"e.xperitnt*(J us.',. sttoutd f".~1 over trw various section$ to
hi\"nowh~dglt of XXI)ft't..
this ........ t C.Mt.'fr'\Sftllfo.... tion
not QUb.l ishfd in previous ........ ls.
T.... f)f",sl'ntation 0 " tM
Nteri·., . h.:s ~ !1lP,-ov..s for "tt.,. us.,.. ~,.st.r.:tf~. fhe
i~. wHt tMt Of P.,.tlcul.r ·,.lue to ."pe"ient.d uler$ sirK. it
en.abt., 'one to qwickly fi~ ,..f.".net$ to •• l.(ted it_I.
r~iftl

Tn.,... IItet., (cnwntionl uI.d in .Pf'•• ~tin9 (~ fONNts
ttlts ......... t.
Fir'st ... fi.ld" or it . . " in _ (0fIfMf\d
is • varftbl. ('Such ., If t. NiIIt'I) fs ~t~ by
ut. Of

thrOUiQhOvt

'''.It
lowe-r (.". ch.r.tct!.rs.

, i.lds shewn in ~r' cas. characters
-..st bit entert'd •• actt)' •• shown. S!(Of'\d.II optional n.l.d'S ir. ..(~ ar. .nclOlttd in .....,.. ('tJ-' bt'~(k.t'..
S..-pl. fONMt
st.t....,t:
r.t fUn_ C-*,,,l

In fhi"tHfhe O"tH'·"tcr .."t t~ .~n fotlowtd by .. fih~
H ih. \AlZ). n•••ratof" .a)-ello .nt.,. _ tt.,.tfng
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OPt fOf"tt\( •

r".., .$

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I

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t

i
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t')!w.

f tNt,

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Oi.9"O'('.( S.,'t,...fnoi .....rfnt.
C. .nt, I'\dsugg.stions .".
_l,((IIM. 'ntemat \I•• ~' <DfC tftIIPtOyft,) thou. lei '-",r t:o thfi OfC
d',..( tory,., ' l ill tnt for ,OfttnO$ticf"9i.".fi!'9" 1 1-t~. t,

,non.

,,)ytt.'-.

fwt,.,n.'

r • .,;r.'MNtt i tift

"'.,.,

,hould

tont." t

tM~r

"al.,

,"'

,
SEQ O{)08

-- t.,_-,Ct••

........

thef. ar. two (Qnv.nt iOf"\$ th.tl user lUst be altar. ot wtwm
wor- ingwit"~~DP..
Thtwy are the \.NftiNl in:tertac. and fU ..
tlJn\l .... tions..
Th1S t~t.,. *scribes t ....s. t.o conventions ..

The <:on~ol. ttlrminat is s~t.<I .,part of tht

XXnP.

lIr)nito'r.

the t·onsole t.f"WIinaldri".r ., if ~it'ftP( ... fl.g-driven h...-.dt.r .•

..,5

that no ·ir.~.""\4)t' a,.. used. l.dsts done to
""'SOt i( ited ;nt.~r".t..) f,reJI in",.,rf.,.ing
::.r !:~105t j(

C.F ta9-dri\ten

J)rth'fpr,t

til' t'"

progt'aIQ ...J the dr'h,,,,. .""tI'S M di~t in(t 200 ~t""" tlPPtr .nd
tOWf'r tas. d"t.),.. ter',
iAU printiftG chract'.....$ .,.. ~t(ld ..
but. SOMe (harK t.r~ have tp(K 18l
i(lInte in
SI:MtC tHe
~dtUltion$.
The 'ebl. btl,ow "istl thtt. . . ., fal charact.rs.
ftfh tabl.• bri.fly 'CW$(ri-". the f\IM:t;,1']Ift of ttw cMract.rs.
OetaHftd *,(;('1pt1""'9 ...-d .,••,d., a'" l."t
cth>ftS of
ttl" ~l.

,i.,i'

'"t,.t.,. ••

.'._Ch.,.
•

l,tse

.......

det iMit a 4ftvic. s~tfi(.tion (e .. g ... Dl~O~)
,t.rt (OIf...nt l frw in _ ~t.chcont~'l f h ..
btViMing of • th..... ch."'tcte,. •• tert.tfon t., _
".... (".,., to .... ts.c:t;fon of thfs dih.f."')
·'.'Udr.,.,," th.fiatt .... (r.f.,. to ... section 'Of

_t.

ttl...,t.,.)

''wHdc·.rdu spttCffft.;tion Cr.f.,. tont.t
th.i$ <hi_tat)

f'fh-

this

,.etiOt', ,of

,,~,..tOt' IMt~ fnpur .,.., outDUt ,pec Htt'~ ions 1,:,\

• cu.....

,
f

I
,J
I

• quivtt..,t to
COlll.1Ind twftch

UlltH

"',,\, t't:l<kJ( t

~DP. $'t~ tM Ut.tlr·$ "~\

~xDP. t1 ,esatt $ope" it ied bya nt11M' and ~Kt.O$ ion.
lh'E' n~ ma)'
b~
up to S il( d'htr,ac tf:>rs 1n len9th af'ld the EtJ(tens10n may be I..(l to

t.". rH .Cf'\ara'UH'·$ in tt.if19th ... l~. h.,.,. and elll tE'f1S ion are separated
by a dot ( .) .Ont y alpna~?r letharae U~rs (~"l 0-9) Ny be used
ttndsp.c.s~)' notbeirnbedded.
S.,.,le f ite ""-51;
tf'D 2 •f:HN

HSMAO.SvS

rEST.1

X~(O.L19

r,h(ll us., would f itld it v."'Y inc:oI1VE'nient to have

to type .'very'
n-. in an o~l"'./Jtion invotving many fHe5 or to oa,," to g.-t
a ti.·S~Of E'v~ryfil"f . on. iCt mtdl.I.II'l,lUSt.to ~t a dir'cctorr of a
(/irlan1 ty~ of t,les. To a\lold th1S prahl_ .. X)(I)P.atuJIWs the
use of ''wild<:ard Characters". These charact.r'S. h;" al"W1 .... n. can
bE- l.$.da.$ " sub'$titute for <it charactE'f' or a. string of
rha,"ac:tflrs. tes.pf'tti\lety.in it tHe s~cificatioo.
The easiest
way to ,_plain Hre- tunetlon of wHdcards is to i Uustrate tneir
use with . , t'''ample.
fHe

I fa use'" want@d tc obtain a t. ist of al t

na¥t"

•• .. fCC·

extensions.

fj l~s

00 a

_diuM

that

he or she could get a dire'tory of th.

ft'nt lr....dh.... and lOOk for t ite:; with that ex tens ion.
Or wit~
ttl. use of witdcards# the use'" {outd aslc; for .. directory 0,
.' . ecc', lhi s waut d t.U tne fit. se.y ices to l~. for-any f ites
witt'! " ..CCC"e>xten'ilonsaf1dany \la.Ud string of ,haracttPrs for a
n~.
Ott'!er fl<.,les of the wilgcarj ehara·<:t.r$ are:

III filE"S wnes" narM starts tIII'itn

the charat tE>".~•• ar.d f'nds
with
MW
two otner vat iel

charac tflr$ <or f\UU sJ and have
t"tiP " x ten~i on • \ IS' •

XMCW*.lJ8
XM(HCO.·
I

I
I

I
!
\

$"" effect a$ above
aU f He.s with the n_e •':.M(N(O"
any extension

."'d

$." effect as abovt"
()nEt
furtht,. observat1,ln
1J'l( tens. fans
art used to

r.q.rding
fHe~)I'tens·jo"$.
hJ.nt if 1. p.rt ,(utar r it!' t yPt's.

f!.~t."b4tth cant tot ti t. tS h.1\1. .. (((next.ns '''.'''·5..
t~bl f of tkt~n$ions tt'lat hlV\t part It\H.r ~."in95.

a.low is

For
I

~.rjip. s)stE'f\'l use'" sM.nual
1r·t rc,du< fiOf'l
01\ exec ut abt. progr amf i l e
t~clt
ma],
riot be run Of load..d in batch. controt

~ratioo

SIC

sr$

eee

OOJ

tIB
TXT

SAl(

.an #':'xe(utable progratn fHe that "''''t)'
M run 0'- loaded in batch contrOl

(~ratfofl

a s ystef!l\ fit e

a batch contro l f He
a DEr",', /X,l1,' 0" b,J, ec tmadute
ali ~: r ary f i l t
a tExt fHe
an > JfCO backup' i t. e

It. __ ~ .. ,.,. ,'___. '" . . ~..,~'"._. . . . . . ."' l<!i~_'_a._i'ri
I

.w.Ii:o'
........
'

"""':toiI__-ao._'_ _
·. . . .h. ......
_
.. '

rhe purposE" of this chapter is tc give the u,~e'" a 9~neral ide-a of

how

th., X)(l)P+ monitor is constructed. Ifa user kOClWS sCVftething
tbout monitor (OOstructH)f'\r it may ena:bte hi'" or her to better
tJ'derstano monitor opflration.
Also~
since )()(OP+ is typical ty
u';ed in Held .repair situation,s .. knowledge of what tn. monitor is
.tnd does NY assist th. tE.-'chni<: i,aI) iniden Hying and resol "ing ill
probtfllf'\.
At toad time the XXDP+ monitor '5 .lbout 41< words
H"'i siZEr and
~()f:S~st~
9f
three
major
~e(tion~:
secondary bootstrclP.
lr.q "ttl zanon cod@ and the tunt H'I" m()fH tor ((,')(je..
ThE> sec()fl(ja"'Y
twJots t rap 'i s loacted into mE\ln'K)f'Y at boo! t imt cY)d' loads r"e
r@'fnainder of thp fnOr\ i tor into mer"()'ry.
Chapter S explains the
tf~
pruCe$S in more detail. The lnitializatioo<:Orde gathe""s
cfltrtainsysteftt 'I'format fon and relocates thE' runt i,. l1IIIIo~'·dtor.

The

runti. monitor

the' code that is u5@d to carry aut the

()pet"ator fUN: t ion':: de,S( r ibtffJ in Chapt.,r 6.. Tn. star t
prot.S!) ,,. ~s(r;t:MPd in rfOre ""tait in the next chaptEr,
\hi' ioo$

i.4>

The runt;,. ncnitor consists of five se(tiOf')s.: re.a-ontyo.vl.:e
C00. $0 t e
t .,-rn ina l dr i VEt!'" • """" it or ser" i c.~ h.tn<U.,r' _

rtf' i vpr •
operator-

interface h..ndler and biltch(Ofltt'Ot handler.
Th@
(lpvh:e driver is u'S~ f~r loadinq program, ff'aft the
sySu~m ~i ...... and ".!lding batch control
f nes. "The operator
intf'rfa(fl' h~l.r proces.ses Ql)eorator cOitrMnds fr.- the con,sol.
ttH,.,"iNL The batch control handl.r prO('e~s•.$bahh f H(I$ from
t~
system fMdhft. The serv~(es handl.,. process., r.~sts tor
monitor setr\Jlc:CS which .•rp lNdtt by utility progrMs vi. ttwt flit'
instr\M:tion.
TM runti. . . . . itOf' ;$ ~rol(l_tfty 2k: words in
siltll..S;nce oleW'r diagnostic p,..._s ••peet tM' stl. to M
L Sk.. howe"."" the MOnitor' II lOW(lt" .5( -.y be overwf"i tIM by ..
diagnost lC: prograM .net tn.n tat.,.. r'.'tOf".d b)' the MOnitor"
read~ly

•

L~~.~. . . . . . .",.~. .", ~"""-~--"--"'-"---'-"__'___"' ' _'"' ' '__

.'G''' " •. ,_.........

,.:xt)P+

1
.,",

X-.O'-l.

...

Hl'is c,",apte!" is. dlvi<k-d into two S4U;t ions. f irst.-o th.- p.r()(f'dure
ttlt'
starting t~)(Xt)P. Systfift\ is d.scrl~d" M,;j second. tl"lt'

pr'o(.s~ thatod:urs whE"n thfl system is
)~ ass\..lMl<1 th.t the r@iae.r is fMiili.r
being u!~ed .81$ the systeiM device.

start iog is d~sC'ri.o.(3',.

.ith t"f' pe.riphe"at d.,dce

XXOP+ SyS rem Start-up .PrOC(H.Ju" ..~
$tep 1

Hal t the processor (at tN"' uk '''9 sure that an)' opeorat tn;-l
t;o ft ware hots be'ttn "gracefuU y" shut down) ~ Mount I load your
.XO~ • ..oil",..
If you are work ing on. at 5yst" that n.s ur1k~
hardwa,.
problems. ft'+.ake $.Uf"~ the lOad .",(. is write

dhabled.

Steop 2
Re-.f"\able _'rid bt:>ot the processor
for your (,C"'v.n~en(e ~
nClnber of boot pro(f'dures are t '~ted 1'" ~ndh8.
#

St~ :3
~

the monitor h~s s\J(tes~futl~. lOiedfld.

It'set L

~'1

from lIIt-dd'!

E'JI(lIMPlp ~S!

it wll t . id~tH.r
\0 ltIKwords) and til. "rl". ~r
wbSNlohtd (_ftt idrivE' d~vi( .. s onl),' * M
!Ple

<up

CfofIiI)kBO XXOP+ OK fWiONl lelA

BOOTEO VIA lI' It 0
24K~.ieuS S~ 51£'"

rMis i~ ~n. fftittssage that would b@ print." aft@r buo,tinq .1"'
Rk.05 mQnltor.on a ~·rstf."tft with 241< wot"<jS of ~ry .. USlf\g d"~v"
O. The MOnitor wit the" r.locatf> th.runti_ MOnitor (~ \0
tn. tc» of available Me"'LH), ,up to ?~ ~()ri"f-;) ·and tr~$l~r
controL to this coa..
.

Sten ..

I
I

The MOnl tor wit t thttn ask, YCM.J for tnt- Jate.
1.~ ttl. date
1"
to~t:
i.t?OO..qM""YY (Oay ... month'" .,.• .a r).
If
lOt.. wi.,p .. you "y si,..,l~ t'r~. (.rri.r.tuf'n~
in Vd$ ( •.~.
the d.att~ wi t l be
~o Ol-JN+-10 •. Aft.r
date
tMttn
.(c~t4td.
MOnitor wi {l print an .tddr•.$$ that ....", bt u"4td
tv rpst.rt thEt MOnitor in the fv~t thlt ttw pro(t~s,or eu$t .bf.
htlt t.d Mld r.'t.,rttd"

.. t...-.d.rd

t'"

,.t

tn.

\Jh"n thEts. 'HOP' tht".~t"n')v('E'SShJll y (~·htt.d. th.
wt I, t t),p\?oIdot'.) to pr~t the \IS." for (:~s..
fIh.t, r\cw USE' jflyot tilE' (~.nd!l
r i~dl" {h~t.r 6.

"' '$(

"ii'

_"lin) t\)r
th~ "1\("-

• ..

.. 15., .. t film· u~.,.'·

_~.t>,J+ ~i tor

xx{)P+ Start-up process
Tf'lf' our~i

,:~ Sf't jon of th@ chapter 1!:: to
gi....
I>h~ P"()'.~$ ttNn O(tut'S ~ ht- or SM

~~l

~H("~

""1 • h~""~:.'"

. this is to ass'-st

'~h@

tne

\JSlt,f

.starts the

ute,. in ~r$tandin.g

,and

tot',

mt.j.t the lC,a<j tje\li~.e~ tt)e flr"St ph'f's~,at b~o(kof data
fN'\lll.."";$ lo~ io"o the fi,"'st256t1()) 'WOrds Of~"y.
, data is tn. Sf'Gondar)' bootst,rap. (OI"ltr·ot 15 p,.ss..d to it
L"OM
tn'.?!
ha"dwa"i.~
9' p""n\ary* bootstrap.
l~ !letOf'tda,'"','f
bootstt'ap r'.~~ tt'Mtt'ftlalnder nf tht! monitGr f,,(JIl't ~h. tCNtd :lWG1t.f1'!l
l!'1tQ
"';f.
lhf! toad bf>glnsat ..,ry tOc.at ion 1000(8) ·and end"
at
. (8) (the ''< boundar)' ~. tfW toad ~,.. lONl)lete, th.
sf'(ondary bootstr* pass.$ control to thE' inl t iat i".Uon (OIM and
t~ boot p~cX.ss. i-;
I:~l«tt..
If oJ c:httCl'ctabt. ,,""o,r I)(.(I..""S
duriny t~ seconda".,. bootstrao ~f'a~ion. tM ~·f'(.d"S$Oir wht
hoU • ~h' A dtlftv" 1t.s the~. hal ts i,... dtHa n
'~e

i f t.hfl' ~t p, Ole ~'!i!li 1~ sue ('E'S>S tuL t"~ ItI()n i tor
1
S i,l~ ~(" 1
(lJP
to l&~ word~) ,s. i it. for ttle p(eS~c. of ~H.M.f'd i. l~ or
orf)Qr~l~ (' to(kS (,.w-l1l ~KW... np) flfld $1.1.
forbu$
t)'Pt'.
f t t~ t>u., type <:af\nOt be (I'1?temi,...d# th.~H tOl"
~ t ~n;*< '"''
~.l$@'r te $P~C ify t .... t~(LN18US ot'. Cl8USJ.
1". ~Hol"'wH t
~t if.,
i t,·.l f ~ f)r'in.f t~ unit ~f' frorft wn :Ch it ..asboott*d
at'td pr',nt. th@ 5YSt,.." !dZf ttnd bus t"',&>e. It wH{t,,-"_sk for th.
d;., t. i nDf ( $ t ~..rd fOr'ft'W) t : clay·"..orn h-Yf ..,r (L, • "" lS~ ("'80) •
Tn. U~ ..r Ma)' si"'Ply tYP«' • retuf'n and the dar. wH.(~f4Ult H~
' . . . ;A..rlO. '''xt t". monitor wHi P"'t'lt its (' .. start .cdr@s, .\n<J,.

'if'

fl".t1Y,relt'c.te to

t'" tOP of tr..

The x.DF+moni tor

d@sign.ttd to .S$~ then ytN .n (

<60

(y( t~ ~

(up 102•

.o:#'d5).

ODtlrat ~"i'l

'''9

y()U wH l ~us
{yrop.r:lf1 .... tl~ ( 50(. YC t .. ) ~r..
)"0\, *,,$ t
MOd it :f ttl. ft!()n it or •
Lo(' at ion lOW .. ontains .m:f"'ldicator or pow" ty~. 0 fo·", 60 c,d f>
""4'1 1 for SO ()lttc-.. Chapter 11 on uPf)1 @l(ptilinSi how to ~1f",
f it fi 3. bUt. .. &iIIr it' f ex _let is 9 i v.n ht'!'rtt •

with

IJS ... ty~

~ry

power..

...

r~;~

l..nMrt t",~d pOrt ion in the abOv. C!.~h~ i$ t),O.f'd by :I'([)fh.
d~.r
h .. ~ modO \.d tf'lt? A'-Ot' 1t\!Ot'l tor 4!"'tQ ~.\t.d 0" t"t U~y
j"'~P it'l1r Hf. O. rfpl"" lnq
~mHOf'.trf .•d)' ()r\ th~

t"..

't'i

" ,.'"

II:

XXOP+ Sys t~ '"

)()(Op· ~itor

c hapt.r (h:~sc r ibes the moni tor cOfM'fands ava it abLe to the
These COrtmands are sl.I'Irnarized in Appendix C for t,~e
experienced user
The following corM'Iands ar-e detailed in this
',.f:!f".

chapter:

run a progran:
load a program

start a prvgram

run a batch job (chain)
list directory of toad mediUTt
set the terminal fill count

er'labLe

syst~

alternative
dp.vice

drive

type help informatior;
run
a
batch
file

IE S!

SYSTEM.Cee

for

catted

SomE::' c I "'Yf,ands have vpt 1ona l "swHc he-51' wh i r h cons i $ t 0 f a s iO'gt e
char-a .. ter pr~(eected by a 01/".
These are used to modi tv "h~
COlTy,-:.:tnd func t ion.
f

f.un (omnand

The run ccmncan(f "$ used to t,oad

and

start

apf'oq"

stof'@d on th~" oad. or system,. meditln.
(Note:
t~.;
is a cc.wnbinatl
of the load and Start coownan()s deS('
The program I'IUst be an executable f1 l.-. fhese.F
witn .BIN or .. alc extensions to tneir "atM'S (such as.

The format of the run conmand 15;

R f llnaMl €JltJ (add,.)
The fHe n~ must be a standard XX[)p., fil~ f'lal'lle {se~ (haPtE'r 3).
The default ~xtensior'l is .BIN Of' .BIL If +hef'e 1s a f~!.with
both ext.ensions on the mediU'n .. the first file found witt ~ y,~.d.
After the program ~s fO\Jf'\d ¥)d to
,d-:but before ,the program ;s
started .. the fut l t1 te name w1ll b
,nteO tovE'rl fy thE' toad.
Hdc; is useful in deter-mining wl"lic of pOssibly several crograms

.ft.,..

on it ft'lE'di...n is bt'ing run
a wHdc.ard sPf!cltfcation.
1h~
fill' wit l 00 stdrted at the tr-ansfE'r addr.ss in the fH. (or at
cOO c~tat in the absence of l: transfe-r address). the OCtlirator
may opt ionaU y sp., i fy a ! tart log address.. S~ e.)(ampl.s of the
run ('(.nand:
~

uP02

R SN'lPlE.x)(x

R RXlHAG 204

<load/start lIP02.Bl:}
SAMPl.£ .~OOO
(loadlstart RXDJAG .• Bl? at locat. ion l04)

(l oad!s tart

P.age 14

C 2

first file found that tits the wildcard description. tt be run.
lOcld CaM\and
ThelOild '~n:d is used to load a fHe ;nto 'MeI'lW:H"y.
This
c~ r ..::)'be
thought of as the f irc;t flal f ofa run ':OIWI'+and.
The pr~r_ is not started. As in U". runconmand protess.. the

hJll flle n.,... of the QrograM that was loaded is C)rinted. AU
restrictions in the runconnand appty. "'he format of the toad
(: OfIM\and is:
l

filnarnC.txt.)

Some examples of tnE!' toad COiWI\and:

L DIAG

(load OlAG.81?)

L lOJCA2.Nt::W

(Load lC'JCA2.NEW)

Start Comnand
The start

c~nd

used

start,

file

that

has

been

p"'eviously loaded into rare by a tClad cti'tlftand •. No (~nds
should be iss~d betw.en a load andstclrt conrnand since the
pr\.lgram toa.:.t.d witt mes t l ike l y be overwr'i t ten.. The purpos" 0 f
this c~nd se~n(e is to al tow the us.,.. to load a progl'MI.
halt the Qro(eSsor. modifyfMifftOry contents, restart th.monitor
and start ttleJ,>rogrM.. The format of the start c~ is:
S (addr)

fhe user may optionally enter a starting addr_5S.
TheltOt'lilOr
will start theprogrlf'fl at the tra~sh'r address in the file if tne
oper.ltor ctoes not enter. start jng address . The de1aul t start 1"g
add,..ess tor fit.lfs without sJ,>ecific tf'ansfer add,..sses h200
(O( taU"
S~e)l(atnPtes of the startcorwnand:

L RXOIAG

(toad RXDIAG.81? )

(start at tr.nsf,,.. address,)

L Rxf)lAG

<load RXOJAG.EH?l

(start at 204)

S 204

The ch,aincomnand is used to initiate e)(ecutionof a bate". or
fht file trust b(l on t~e S)'stM ffttd'il..l'n and IhUst ha\le
a .cee extension •. S~ batch QPtrations .ccepts\fi·<;hes ... This
wi It be df't,i led . 'j dot~nt.tionfor the batch fi l.f. nt. toNftat
chain .. fHe.

o , t hf< Ch.t in t 0IIWl "11d 1S :

C f i tnarn(/switchfiS.J

Page 15

D 2

Part VII 0 fth is ~nual de-'Sc,.i bes bate h cont fot in detail.
£) i rtf

tory COM'ftand

The directory ComMnd is used to obtain a list of all the files
on the syst"", medhtn.
This l1St will contal" five items of
i n f orf!ft.a t ion: t he en try ~.r ~ the COI'I'IPt e t.. f it e spec ; fi ca t ion
(name and e:w tens ionJ .. the date the fi le was creat!td .. the length
of the fHe in 256 (decimal> word blocks and the ~r of the
first block in the tHe.
Most files are .tt inked··; that is.
their block-sare not in order on the med;""".
A few files are
conjt iguous; ,that is. the i r blocks are in order on thE'~dil.ltl.
Contiguous fHes are noted in the direct'ory by a qC'. foUowin9
the date.
When thedirec tory conrnand is ?' \len, , the monitor ,must, toad the
d i rEo( tory ut H it y (HUD I ?? • Sy .;I) wh 'it h l n turns, "'.r.U,4 t r ~s the
re-ad/wtite dE-vice driver for the system medh..mtype.
l~e$e
two
files must be on thf' systfMft medf,"", in order for the dit'E!'(tory
cOlWl\and to work. If Orn!' of these files is not on the ~di\.ft~ the
monItor wilt type an error I'M'ssage. The format of the directory
ConYnand is:

OCILJ(IF 1
Tn./",e are two optional switches for the directory <:Ctffftand.
lhe
"/L" switch wi U cause th. dinH:tory to b. Rr'ntedon a Une
pr intfrrather ttl .." the consote terminal. The "IF" s.-Hch causes

the

dif"f!cto,ryto p,rrint,ed in a short fa"", This ",short form onty
EJI' IlQtes of both fortis are

givE'S the ('ntry ~r and tHf' n~.
ShOtt'" bplow.

ENTRY'"
1

LENGTH

ll~.EXT

tft)~A 1. SYS

Z HOOKAO.SYS

3 HUDIAO.SYS

02-JUN-'9
OZ-J\..N-79
02"'AUG-79

12
5
6

01RfC1QRY SHORT f()RM

StART

000100,"

000120
000066

Pagf16

E 2
SE~

Charae ttl'S that wit I be typed _Her a (arr i~9~
The fit l...• or nUll.• d'\aracter.s are typed to allow time
for the ,art";age return before typi"9 the next line. thus
pre\1i.''''tlng o \;I(!t rpr intiog •. The tf''''minal s that reQYl rf af it l cour.t
are : ASR" LeA30" VrOStlJ')d VTSO.
The format of the command is :
(i"'lQf)~ri.,ti"9)

r~turn...

ve ~itOf wH l pr int the current fit 1 count and t;"1!n walt for
the user to type th. new fH l COUf'It. If the user does not want
to chan~ the count. he or she should not type a n~be"
but
simply carriage return. S~.J(~l.s of the 11 Uc~and:
#

000005
f

000010 1

(new CoU!n t :::: l'

The fit t count is in; t i at t y , .. t to

ordf'r

allow

the

start pro~.rt)' on it5yst.m tnat has one of the
t.rmi'lals. that requite a fill count. Aft .. ,. start-up" the fit t

~,tot

(~t
lsi atwat~re'iet to 0 si"ce MOst terminal s~o n(.)t reQUj~e
f II t co..."U..
The U'E-f' can i~d'atet, r ....HH th1f h It (OtJl"lt l f

de's ir.o.

lhe .nable (:~ i 5 u~~d to (.hange th(!l or 1 \I@ tihat thE' ~'ror
consi(te"s to bt? the s"stM df'v1(.: ~or .)(~{ •. if tht'USEI'f had
boot~

tn. ,y~ttJlnl from drive OOf anRK05

and

tatfor

w¥'It.d

t\.,,@ thE» MOnitor USf' drive 1 as the SystM oe\;l1cE' (th-tt is • .IS
tht- ~ fau l t d.v" Nt) ..he or So hEt couto do tr-. is w It hOu t tf'-boQ t j "9

the MOnitor by using tn. tnable t~nd. T.t\is c~nd jsvaUd
for MU{fi-driv@\ C2fvitf'sonly and,Uf'ct'S dr'jv.~. not (~ttol.{@rs.
r''tE' f O"lntl t 0 f t hfl (: OftWflendh :
f. t'I

t." •. ~.tp (MIIMnd is .lJ'~d. to (,tlta'h II . br~.f. 'S~.ry of ~W'~P4
t~'$.
The
conte"t~
of' III fH. n~d ''''f.t.p. TXT'" .r.
ty~d/p,. interd artd Hds
~'Sthf 00 t"fis~~a~_di....
t(·ttre
i~
a "!.wHcn ttl (.y~. tnt' ~\~ry to bfii printtd 00 .. t In. pf'jif'\t~r
1"Sff!!itd uf tn. (()(\~('llE\l t.rf'\if\aL '''''' f(\rf'1l\.tof tnt ( ..1M.nO 'is;:

,it.,.

~rl~ J

-,y.']

r~.~ ~i tor

c.tn (Jftt.c t thE' fat lowing J)robtMs, and wi t report to
she.,...
~te tnatal ( ~ri"or ~~s.tgt's

(O'l~oi f>
teorl'll'''.l as
~"
. t'" it Qt.RS t )()"
'
L
:U"l':'9ln
Wlr1
','i.tr~

t*'@

(. '

'?' *.,' _
.;f_

II'1val. id (~.r\d

rhe~J~~r hasenter'f'd .t C~c)c~(J t~,at is not. recogtdlabt.
to the
~ it () t . C
your COI'!fnand [1 n~ af'l(J fE't ype • 'l'bfH tor r ~a't\d $>
are dlsCuss..d ,t"'! (h&Qter 6 (I·nd .r~ ~~arll.d lnAopt-ndh (.

"'.(1Ii

? 1NV"l 10 f JLf~
r he pre 1# 1ou$.

f tl"u,ers~( i f 'tid a 1, tf!n~ in
not i", thi'!' or·oo., for1tlat.

c~an(j

t ~a 1.

lIII;)<;

Bad Addrf'S~
') BAD .40D.ft
Anin'l.tid addrWfS$ was SPt'CH1E'd wHh .. rl.Jin or !.tart
C"e(k<)~

(~.tt)d,

(trot

?'
Th,. ~ Hof"

(~.fRA

(: h'f<\ ~ .s"",*sa f H ... as q
4!;
{o.dt'd.
It thE'
t.Hs to match that $,tored wHh thtt f HE",. the
monitcH"'reoorts a t~.N~kSI.l'l f'rror.Y·OU"'., t~tf'r tfot. {O'lJd. 'but if
tf!\~ .,rror Pf'(S i s t~.. the f H. im"'9fi,,,.t$ p,robab t., bten «()f'ru(f1t~d.

c~Jt.d

dr i 1If"

,:hecks\.ft

t O(J~lJO Errof'

'.0

t hIP Sl(Jt'H' f
f l t "wa t ,...\)f f()Uf')d by thf' ~td tor. rr.tttf- iIIr~
(ms ~ t b it Hies! n yOU ~ IJf* H rd t"'fI< 'H t r "~i' w"O,!"\Q or l' ~ t hIP

t we

'~h~
Ct'llt. ~

, ~ "'ot 0'1 ttl. ~yl1!> tf!'ft'l tr ~ r' ~, :",,.
(~f •
thtt mt~, foil" (' 4"
t.ad fi:,,'" that art ('1M
I),YS.tM ~dhft~\ U~f' fh.dH"@;'ctOt"')f
(;~ to qe\ tnt (;ot", .. <;t $P~t! lfllg.

t,.

R~'d

frror

'" d~\dcf,'~r";Or
(\,H"tfl(J .,t~'i~ t''f!Iilldfnq
fF(~
'~fI
~"f~t.~f!!fI
~1f!v' fl.
Rp t f ,
~ ... ,. (tp... "" t 10(1.
1 f t hfi flt'r,;,. tift ~ti:; t 'ii. ~f,,~$P.. {t 'h. t t ht
tliJ' (,-.ar. $41 t'H'tVt?
f'r t"{;V' 0' fha t th<t m~'d h.,11'\ ~;;. bad,

ill"'." a

._tJP.
U!li.r'
t> hignoS;t , (Runt
$;f$t~

G 2

S ~·t

i~ S~r\l it.!;

Dpsrription of DRS
The {), agno'lr) t i' ( Runt i".. )erv i «(!Os (DRS) are t he par t of the ~,)(Op·
t. hat <: ont rot camp.,.H i b t. d i agno~ t it p\,ogr _s.. ntis progf' ~
~«; an
f'lIItfW\$lOf\
to thE' tnif' XXOP.Rt.ntHW ~'tClr that 1$
iilllU t~.a t i ( • U y
t. ~ ... into t'MmOry·and; t a!r t t!'d ~ a COf'IIPa t ib: {"
dia.Qr(Jstl( 1$ rlJn. DRS also p;1"'QvitHS non.... test-I"('l,l.tPd $er\li(ttS~
S, '.,'~ t M

s~rt" to thftSf' dlagnostic J)'rograms.
Al! di.·aqno'iti( pr09"~ .th. at .rf'. (~tibl@iwith DRS . s,~.". S(IM'
·~rtantc~f('atu,..,.
s.caus. of thf!SfI teaturf's" they hlllvf'
io.nt ieal <;tr',xtutt'S. r.tJ~ to t~ s... ~"al 'f't
of

su(fiascOf'sote tE'"'rinotl

t'"

n:~s.
~epo!"t
errors in
s"-"'''y. qat .... ,. hardlf.)r..t~rat iOflat data in the $ ..... ~r andaN~ th.r.tc>re •• "."
Ui;(t

I
II

and control from both a use" ·and systflf'ftpoint of\",!'",.

and
to

if yOlA arf' (JnSUi!"'. of wh"h diagnostit p'rogrlltltS M
aparf'icv{al"
_dh""~1? ~R~ ... tamp .. titltl. you canuie thl!Sf.;TuPufH Hy to Ust
t~se di~stH:S.
(haplttlt F. "'-Cf'1biJS SffUP.

ORS Start-t,jp
T"eo s t .r t '""'~ pr(Y.•du,.t1 fof' MS i ~ r .. t • t i v.l Y $ t,. ad gh t fo""","(1 .
T,,.. us.,. issues an XXDP. run c<J'If'Nnd and th!* diaqno$tic is (oedt-d
iIf1d ,t.,.tlP'd. fhe f irstthirtg th@ diagnost i~ <.'Ioe$ "
to ••• (ut~
~ £M'
f n~ true t i onwh i d1 t fans f.rfS <: ont,.o 1 ~(tt to n..,ucoP·
~ itot".
)CXop.. then loads ,OItS f,.Oft tfwl S'Y'$ tt1ffl ~h.ft.
rhf! DRS
t i l . " · ~'SA ,~?... wher. "11" " ..prfSef\ts tn. ,.."dSlM ~ patch
te"ft. ORS ,ittl's ~r~ using ~,.., ...,..~nt pf"i'or togoif\g
intoc~ ~.
if this ",raw• .rt: has probl.,. OR$ wit{ ~t
Sf ,rt prQOet{,. You ft!UtH run ~r'f' ~.~nt. diagt'l!O,t '(~ n
1'0\.; @'1'lcount.r thi, probtM.

ORS (.1n(~t5
,,,. \J~.r "hould ~ ilIwa,.. of ,ttvE'r.l
(~S(ll.t:

(~S""
(~h:.t ing . with

I
I

i>RS

tnt>

Qn(""'f$

consot.

YS •.$t....

USf".

.bout M;',.

Th.r.atf

tflr,.,,,,,t

.tev...,.

f(\f

(~$

ay.; t able to tn. us..r ... for (otIlro { t h~ DIlS c.»t'r.tj~.
(It\4!'s.
(~$af'. . . .pl.thtd '"
f\t'·~f ,~. . t.f". JunU~'(lI"r ... t1Pf
d (~?' t i ( S *OIeS . dOrs ,not \1-'r:-1 n $ .ret ion
ucon
lIS>
t 1 ng .ddrelS Of' '5ow' t "'\
Sf .rs

t""

,..,.g,

t.,..

twa,,,,,

•

'".GS'"

(~fiQ)H lEftS <SWft(fES). ANI)
t~.u~,r "'1, . • ~tt~r
t~ . ' f h~( t ~of ... p.r..·~.l(\'lt t.' ('~b.,. ~p'(Orl.'"g • ''iwi un"
wf\«1
(~is Qt'!lf'f\.
l'orf'.lmOte. tJn'ss ot.Mr"'l~~
S~( Hif'!d~ ...,a ,t~!;.wH t ~n.( t aU ".,fts (d!\tHift) that

u,.

~'CP. $y'Stem !J'tr'sfiill~l
Di.~O$tlCRunt;~ <)"''111('-*."

t he d 1(\T!O'I) ti c c .() t @~H • 4. Silt it Ch t..n M uspd
.Uect of (~\ to cert.ln units,:>nly.

t'''''

t hto

1.1":"\3'.""-. tes t

.c t~. ~s~c lHtd h.·rtlwar~., Ec)(h
• ~t HyH
is
r('f~rr.c
toa~
a
(LAJf) or . tnOst c~t y .. lt$. urd t.
:>~S
~.~

bfilow).

\.hITS- The dl<tgn(iSt it
if'ld~\.ndu"Jl
hardwar.

to jo>lardleup to 64 uni t5. . HlIta user rttder' to <a ,...n f!
by ~ r~f« r,.. first UI'lit h"'O".
Unitt) a r • f'~t,t"red
dK ( 0"(11 ng
to t~ ordt"" i nw",d c" th~)' wer~ :ilpe( i fJ eo {5.(I'
f'(~A1J)pE'd

T~f.S

HAIU>WAAf PAAAI'lffR TABLES - ORS-C~.tlb{e dlagr<lst irs do r'lQt
~ t. o<l)i 1(1'
( ct.ttt"t'ft if'\iEihardwar'f!'
~ ntO:r'?'l\4 t i on
by ~r h')Nn ~ n.~

btJs-rel;:lted tests)" r~ u.'$e·" must Cf'lvlI< t"~ olagrlOst i(
th1P
inforNtion .bout the hat"<fwar@ iJ'ldf'r test that fSfl~(E"ss.ry.
H'lis i"fQ~tior. ~$ 'tored if) .. , .. t of tablp, caf ted '~"f'd"'.f".
pa,.(~t.r
tabt.lls",
nl.r. is ~ tat,t@ fer ••'cM unit to 0.
t·..·':,.tt-OM rh~ sPt'" flc info~t ion rtQu red i s dt'pe~t upon
t ~ d i 4g'W)S t i Co
rr-•• r. art 'i0Mft genilt r a I . r'u { .$ th,at .".
~l(p~.• irwtJin s.ftion , of Ch.,t.,. 9. 'Th.diaqno~ti(
pl"ogr~
wi t t U"'(.~t ~hfl :JPE'f'ator for tM info....,t i~)t1 it nE"eds. fo·" ~aO..
un it. ~ t at'" t i"'9 with unit O.
l'lPOr t If\ t <: Qf1( fltP t
tt'ta t lh.
u~er . . I'f!l.Ist g"'asp is ttt.
..... conc~.tof .. ··tilbt~ drivf'n ,:fiagnostic"
in al t ,Jf tM ;,';,fnNNt ion .~t .. hardwar@ '!Jt'\it~sC:Of'It.i"d
in a tabt. ~Pf'( 1 fir to that unit.

H..

50f 'fWAAE •. AAAl't:fER rABlE ... Ther. arE' operat ianat Pttr~tf'r'S
that thE>~..,:;er tan ,.1 ftC t t "ataf h"( t the way 'inw~ i(,h.
p.:t,.tl(u(at'df~sti(
wHt fun(tion.
This ifitorut1on 1S

,_it

into II tablftof data ,.1 ted th'! "~o1t ...rt tk\"alWte"
tabl.·
This tabt,. (for thOsereadt't's
iar wiU't •• ,-t ie,
P4"OCfSsor de>signs.l u.k,s th., phu:4t of tn. swirc" registtr.

oltlf..o
i

•

Pc.S5 ... A PS(;!;. o'r unit of dl .. gno~th" ~.rafh.jf) .. is a.f'~ to
~.
tn. e'.'I.J{ ioo of .an $.f'>t'{ i U,.d tests for aU ac.t lvt

t.Jrd t, '.... Mttr-tE'$ t. •

1[51 - ORS dhtgrlOst 1(5 . ' . diy'dt'd \f'lto l~~,.nt sh.:fure\
u~stt.
TIWo u~.r NY .f"\JI'\ aU UHH"
In .. dL.gnost i (' 0"
any ()uOSt't
ired.

(.JU~
~4tI.• ( t

a.$

frr()1" ",,'!Ut9,t ... ~ a(tf.gno~H 1( a.tecl't an error '" tn.
~\d (fbt? tng t ~s t td.. ite" U sYf)Qn D~) to 'floor t t"tt fir ror to
t:M~r~uo. r~ f.
l-rvel s . of . error . _'$a~$!

M". aif,,'''''..

••

~.r.
b.S1C and .!ltt."~. ttl., lrst.s'.gtl tfiv.l tuPO{ If''
SCJMI!' ~r.l infoMMtfon tibout the c-rror, a$ ,I'\own lnt~
e.~l. "tow:

1'N»f +«0 £RAOOOO2 ON ~I T S t 5 T 012 St8 000 PC ~01~134
tM

infoNtat ,on 9 i v."'n thtf h••d., h.:
d' ""0 t if flM:f ... • 'l~"

.;~6;: ~ ¥~

~ ~D"

I 2

...os>+ SyStM U~,r'" ~l

Di ~s tit Rur'lt i_ St'f"ji i ( @$

eor ""or ~r ... • '00002· ·
i.l\lt ~r - '*S'.
t.<; t Ol.~r- 1 2' •
StUibt" t ~r .... . '0"
t

~~.t. ion Of

error caU to ORS - ""1.3134"

l~E'.rror f\t...IIber iSt fo',. idef\t if hat lor; and i $
not
total of the ~r of ,rrof'S tt..af hav,.occurred.

n4tY'lin,g

~;i(
.rror tev.l ,~ used to gi \Ie> • short ., $lmpte
~'Stript ion of
the error..
'Pl. ~~ te~d .rror tttvt-l i fi
t,picatty us~d togivf.llsupporting infoNWtion such as regfst. r
contttnts .~
tiMe of t . . error. fOf' e:xlift'lPl.:

tn.

INN1f HRD f: RR 00002 .~ Lilla I T 5 r S T 012 St.8 000 P(:O 131 J,t..
RfGJS·TEA fL\HfD TO U.EAA AfTER 9US ·RESET
(SA:

00000o SCSA:

010000 ERMf G:

00000o

Tne firs t l i rwi s t h •. n~.r"'$s"9t # t he Sf" ood· i s· ~,.b.s 1(:

_, sage and t htt. t'h 1ro U"" is UW .JIII ten..1ed "$ s.~~. frror
_$5.$ar., dhd~dinto te. \Iff ~ ir; Of"de-r to 91. 'v. the ~.r ... tor
n •• iflil ity. if'\~t.rminfng

",nat

portion(sJ# '·f'fW,,01 tt\fj1
IStr@ 'fiatt.r 9.

error ,..~rt' witt bedispl.y.d or print."..
$~( t lor, 3 .. f tags. )

X.XDP. ~;'fstqm Ut;.r· ~ ~nuat

Pagtt

l)i.;y'lO!.t ':C Runt i" .• S.r\liC~$

"Uds ch<lf,)tE!'r is dh,ided into four sections. Section 1 describtts
tt. t>~S (~.ds. Section 2 describes the switches .. or 1IIIOdit'i~rs
to the c~s,' Section 3 descritMts t~ ~ratlon.l nags ..
Se( t ion t.. d.~u; r ibes the table building prot.ss that the user must
ft)!tlow.

Then~

itre eleven Com'MMS to the DRS.
f'e!Jpoose to the t>RSpr·~t: OR).

Th.5. (~S an- entered

Iht> prOftilPt is issUf"d afte,.

the ORS ls{od"ded"afteraU specified diagnostic operations are
comptetf.'d,. fter a .l)R5 dett'c ted error .. aUttr. ·"'al t-on-t*rro·r
sli-·quence and afterOAS has ~n interructed by a ~( (CTRl-C).
These are t,biJllted below and deseribftd ;n the reftlairtit-(' of t~'s
section. Tn\- t.~andt, are gr~d by rttlafed function ..
H

Exec.ution

sr.A 11
PROCEED

start th9 cliarlOstic andinHial'ile
start di.~sti( .tnd do not lnitiatiie
continu. (liagnosti( at tf'st that
was
interrupted by .. A(
cootinutl' 1rOfi In .rror halt

{)ROP

delte t;vate It unit

DI SPLAY

p ...·jnt a list Of dev;ce information

RfST ART

CeNT lNUE

ae t hate. unit'. for testing

A()O

f tags

pr ints tatus of aU ft aQS

fLAGS

re$. t

If'lAGS

«( t.ar.> ,all flags -

Statistics

no r

Exitting
....
-.'...,-_..

rl!tul"t'\ toXXDP. runt i . fttOfli tor

the .ttectofead, (~d.
moo if i.d by the use ofswitche'S that .r~
deser ibt'd in the next sec t ion. . FamHiat Lt. yourself with the
('~M\ds
bt»fott trying to ust the switth..-'S. Thl! (orM\and~ NY bt'
recogt'lllf:d b~ the ORS ftora • ",ini,.,.. of tnr.. charact.r,;
thus
rhe t:»'Sct'lptions bctlow

r nes,. e t fee ts Ny

rlff~<:rib.

SIC

XXDP. Systefft User·s Manual

r)'\ agn{)s t it: r.un t i,.... S. r vic t $

~j. 1A£. RT]

( OfM'k)nd

The STAAT (Oft'Iftand .tarts the dlagnost;~ fn'>m its initial. state
and
should
be
the
first
(~",and
;s:;,Rd toORS.
AU
initialization too. is exe,ut~d. Refer. to spe<:ifi( diagnostic

I
I

do(~ntatlon
for e~act nd~UrE' o! the lnit1atizationRrocess
carrH~d OYt by a part \Cut a,. dlagnost H:. The "trap cat,h.,
eoch!'
is re~oadeod into the \;lector space. (The trap ca"en"r 1S code
that .ll()WsOA~ t~ handle any ~l(.pe( tt>d int~rruPt$ and report
them to the user.] The format of tne ConrNnd 15:

STAlATJfswitch-tistJ
wherp ",;wiHh-list"
is any va'. id c~Cnation
of
switches
(modi f lers) for the START cormtand. The switchesa"e e)(ptained in
SE'<:tlQn 2 of this chapter.
The default ~ration of th. STAAT
(~
is:
aU tests will be run on all units. ,All flags
(sec tion 3 of this chapter) wit l ~ cleared.
The tE'st iog wH t
tontif"lll.J(t \l'Itil -intc' JPted by the user ("'() or b", a SystM ."rol'"
':Ind an e-nd-of-pas'; Mltssage wi l t b@ printed after e.ach pas.s..
fA
pass is detif"l!ed to be aU spe(ifi~d lAi"1tS tE"::.t~d eru!@' by aU
spec if led tests.)
A.fter you issue the start c~n(J. you .,i II ~ aSkf'd if yCIU . w'I<;h
to h~ the ha,.dwdr~ 1nforMat ion... YOU ftVS t answe,-y., (' -yo ') to
t'''q ~iqtAeS t ion it the,... a"'E' 1'0 exist log hardware t abl ifS. H,."dwarf'

:abteswit l .i·Lready exist ~r three conditions. In.y could
hill e t~ entered by .. previous$tart'~ se~n(e# by USE" ¢f
t . !;f SEtlP ut i l it)' (Chapter 14) or by the progr..,.,. who NY havt
hardCOOed tabtes into th~ diagnost l( 'i"..gre:. 'Alrtady tK ist h'l9
tables IM1 ~ ()verridd@n by thtt oper.tor at this ooint if so
dtasi red. You wi II then twasked for the ntIftbeor of un; ts t ·:ttle
tested.
Enter the deciMat ~r' of units. 10u witl th.", b.
asked tor h.rdware-sp.t( i f ic informal" ion for tach uni t ,cc.or-ding

to the rttsi-gn of the diagnostic.

ExaMPte of STAAT

(l.4n~rl ined portions t),p'd by

DRS) ~

wHl bt'" .asked for tht "'trdwar. data for ''n'' units .. where '~H
t$ a decimal n~r btt ...n 1 and 64 . R.ter tosectlon " of this

'(OU

")(DP. Se,'S tf!ft!l U'C".tr * s~~\,
Di a9OO$ t, (Runt ~'" S.rv ices

chapter fol'" ass i ::>tance if) ans.WEtring these Q\.Je>st ions.
The
qtJel)tionssnould ~. obvious I.tf'\d straightforward. If you "'ave
di ff l(ulty with t~e Questions of a s~ciftc diagnost i(., pleas~

refer

tot"'e docl.I'fMInt fo,- that diagnostic: 0'" direct QuestlOf'lS to

DlrlgtlO$ t i(.

Engi~ring.

After yOU 'tnter all hardwairt data. you wit L be aSkfrd t f you.'st'!:
to Ch~ th4t ~rittion.t ditta(softwa,-e table'. This is. purely
OPt iOt"\at. YOU do not have to an$~r any software d4ta questions
l.I)lE?s~
you
~ant
to ~ify dttfau~t. diagnostiC .QPfiratioryat
behavlor. S.ctlon 4 of th1s chaptttr w,~! a5Sl$t you H''' atl'SW'e'rlng
th. ~stions, but pleast ,-eftr to di ;;lOstH doCl.JMlntatioo for
expl anat ions of Sf)@( if it Ql,ItS t ions.

If there are no hat'dwa,.. taCHes. ttsting

witl g.t an error .,sag...
happt-n ..

wHt

not

start..

'tau

The follow,ng t)(MIOle shows what wlt{

OR>STA

(HANGf HW (t.) ? N
CHANGE Sw (L) 1 N

--...._-..... ..-. --- ..
:

NO tWI TS
OR>
As stated above, tables ftWly be cr•• t.d by 1) a dlaloguf' with t".t
user"
the Sf TuP ut it i ty or.. in SOfMJ cases, 3) by tn.

progr'.,.,. WhO wrote the diagnost fc.

RES{TAAT] (~
COfmNtnd. tikI' the START (~d..sta,..ts
the
frcwn an initial stahL tnt' dlagnostic inHi.Ulation
p r O(f1SS may ·bEi diffe,.-ent in rttsponse to a restart. Plea'. ,.eft-,.
to.·.· d, agnQ...s t it do.C.·.lIWn.·.t. at ion.. tor. :Jet it i l.S... .. The v e. (, tor. spac .. is . Mt
("'~.
You wi II navE' the opportll\l ty to (har:~ the CMtf'nts of
the sottware tttbltt only.. Th. fOnNt 01
t~d i .... :
The

RESfAAT

di~stk

u,.

RfStlAAT)C.swlt<:h-l ;stJ
wher. ",witc:h-I 1st i~ any vat io
(,c:wbination
of
swH(:hE''>
<modi f ;Q1"s) for the AE'StNH c~. Sect ion 2 of this Ch<llltf>"

t';(pl.lns switthes. Th.<Mfault QPf'r.ti~ of th. RESTARt (:~d
i $ :aH. 'tests wit l ..~ run . Of'\ aU units" .~lag5 (5.( t ion ~ of
fhl s Ch."t.,.) jr. (t.arfd.
Thet"Sf i"9 wH l C""'t inuf \l\t it

intff"r~ted by. the ,u1.r
C-.~). Qr by.. SystM "r:rof" and ~o
enc.1-Qf-pa5S _SS.~ wlll .. ·~ pr1ntfd an.,. .••(h pass •. (A CM'$ .. lS
d.fined to .tl Sl'JCII( if ifd II\Hatesttd 00<:. b)' aU SM( H .(ld
tf~t'.)

:(xCP+ S)'~t .. User·s ~l
()i49"liO"t~t ~unti_ $.•",t\c.'$
SaMf,)tff r.st4rt(~rl i".d pOrt;~' type-d by ORS);
OR)ptES
CHANGE SW (l J -:

.-....

fC·
, )N··('1'1··
•. MA..,."J ('.
mwna.....IIY....

The (CWTIMJE (~ is us.d to '~$I..IW d'iagnosth: ope- ....,uion aft.,'
theu".' typed control-( ("0 to i'nterr,..pt exe(ution oraHera
hatt.""On-error. The diagno-stic will be restarted at th.!be9 innin9
of the test that was inter r l4)ted. not at the first test# .swould
b@ t .... C.!!Ut ,-,'ith the R£STARl c~.
T~ unit tHtingt4Uted when
the diagnostiC was int."M..J)tedwiU .r-.in a$ the unH b4ting
te<;te<l..You wi II be gi"en theopflOrturli ty to (h~ t"- softw.re
tact. if. yOU wlsh. . Vau wi U not be .bLe to ch..,ge the h",.o.are
tableS. TJ'wf format of the t~i$:
CCW(TIM)fJeswitch"" istJ
wh~n:-

.q~wit(h-! i~r"

,modi tiers)

is any val id tombinatl"'"
of
'wit(he~,
for the (~TlMJE COl'mNtnd.. Sect ion 2 of thi s c t1.apter

df.s(ribes t~,,;eswitch.5. ThE~ ~faut t ~,..tion of the C()fTIHJE
(~
is:
the test ing wH l r", for the nunber of passes
r .... ining in tfw pass count $pe(i1i~d in tfwt last STAAT or
RESTMT (~.
(A paSS;s defi~d to .t. aUsJ)tcifiltdunits,
tested one. by . aU . ~".(, jfittd. tests.) All Hags wH l reMain
tutt/c te.r.s previOUSly spec: i hed ..

E)(alllPle ", CONfIMJE hAnderl ; ned port ions t)Pf'11 by ~>AS):
""C

DR:>Ca.

CHANGE SW (l)"!

I
I,
I
I

I
1

Th.- 1.1$."" (en also use the StART and RESTART (~S to r.sllM'
d '.9"'0$ t ic ex.cution~ but diagnost i (: .lnit ial ~ zat ion wi H tolkf
pl •.c. ·and· test ing will start wi ttl the Hrst un; f~ first t.st.

Th(" "lAO!' tED <: ~ f~ used exe (v<d ve l)' w~ t h the ha l t -ot~rror
fea l .lre
in DRS.
Whfmhal t""'()t'\-.rror 15 In force and the
d i agnost , ( reports an .rrortoORS t DRS "fHUr.,.. to r ~ ltOde.
The us.,.. NY lSSiUlP anyc~$ .t tni", point. the PROCEED
(~ h spec iat in that ft restarts t....dja~$t ic"t the
pc;nt ,wn.r. ft r@P,Ortd the errol'. Noinftiat ".tion is d~ ..
thf1 ..", t~r ... tflt 1snota(cessed and
vecto' SP<lC" Hi
unch~.. . .rttls prOCfssal tows the US.r' toeKMiM tht state of

t....

thf

unit

being

tt~st~ .•~

then con! inue . testing
without
the format of th. (o:JWMnd is:

dh,turoingdfagnostic Of)e'r.tlCJn.

xX()P+ Sy~nM\Jsert s, f':JnUa l
[) i, agno, tic. R"..Jnt i _!>erv ites
r.~(CEEC)C .1'.wi tch.. l i st)

wh."~"swiah-l 1St"

is any valid (omI)inat'ion
oi
s~itct'.c;
tt"!e PPOr.EED caMWtnd.
These switches are
$'.ctjon 2, of this chaoter. The default ()peration of
the PROCEED (~ is~thetlag$ (settiQf'\ 3 of this chapt!!',. j
r .... it1 ,etlc te.r as spec i Hed with the oteviOUl c~nd"

(~ifhtrs)
Ot's(ri~ in

for

The following 1S .. sho,r,t recap of the effe(; ($ of

tach

( ..~.

STAAT "

trap cat(:hf!rr~l.o.d~d

diagt10stic initial1ze code eXl'tute,d
us"rma), (hange both ha,rdwltl'e "nd so~tware tablilS
t~stinQ wH l $ tar 'with fir1U test ·on 11 rst""'; t
aU flags cte.red

RESlART

trap catcher not retoaded
S(~ d i agnos t j C1 n i ti ali 'I.e (ode $a)' be .)(t~( ute"
USE'''' May thangesoftwar.e table onty
test ingwfl ts tart with fi r~ t' tf'st
fl~s

are cl"argd

(~'T'IMJe

tr!il") c.t c he .... not

reload4td

in; \ iatiz, code not eXIf,uted

uSlltrmay (hanQll!~oHw.r. table onl:r

t@stingwiU ,ta,rt .t bftgiming of interruptlfd t~~t

Hags ""'"1n previous sUitt'

PROCEED

"."dw.,.. or soft••r. tabl.ts
l
bet ,..'....,..d i,...d'if.tt:.t y an..-" ,fror caU
fli.gS rMa,nh"l pr'fhriou1 stat.

tf'IP catcher not reload(l>d
user Ny not Changf'
test wit

I
I

I
!

!I
:1

The DRtP (' ~ar'ld i s u$~d to d•• c tl va te a ur'\ i t fr()'ft tf!'S t i 09. . The
to ,b41dfla,tivatfd, must bf',S~~if~ .. d uSlt)9
unit switch
{$.e!U11( tl
A(lur'll t s art ltH t '. U ~ tIt,t nr. and flUS t bE
.,.pl'.4 itt)! de.ct hNoU.tO by ttl. user or tN~ diagnostic" Theur,its

urdt

oo,n.

t".

I 3
to ~ _activated -..$t .tr••dy" activated for

1brfMt of the c~ is:

testing..

r~.

MO(P)C/lJ4J(fS):nJ
wh@". 'h'· is the ~t of tM unit to be "'e 6<:tfvat.d" Tn. "'it
~wit(:h is .$(ri,"", in cletan in ~.(tionl 'Of "his chapttW'..
fhe
~fault ~r.tion of the DROP c~{~ th.""it ,witch
not 'I)tIt i f i eel> i' : all active \1\ it' witt ~ droPP*df f"IOMk t i vW
t.st1hg.
i

ADD C~

AOOC 11141 (,'$) : nJ

tn.'e,.

wh.,r'f!l • 'n" is the unit to be a(: t h,atM.Se( t i0f'\2 of thi"
Ot'l(;ribfs t~ unit switch fn,detaU. n~l'
OOt~,.tiM of
t ... ADD (0ftIIW\d (......,t .. unit Iwitch ft not '"(;tffeet) 1,
at {
(kt,activ.t«'Cfunits witt bt ,.eturned to.ttfvt'test'ng.

,.,.,tt

OIS('PlAV) C~
-.-~~-_'.

___'._--_'"

Th. DISPLAY cOftllMnd is us." 'to ••.-int tht tOflit~';"
h.,.~r.
tabl,,_
All t.-t. data for t ... 1"(' ~ ,"
t ist_ on t"'ton'~ot!. terMi",.. ,. ~ftlt"'t NY. ~;+,;!,
SO *SitrWlt.... fM fO,,...tO~i""" tOl'Mtlnd it:

OJ$[PlA.-)rl"ftt:h-t ~~t '~,
.,hltr. -\wH'ch-1 ftt~· 11, ""tv.lid IC~. ''"'~.'
hftOdi fieri) for th. DISPlAY (........ ~;.i
tl'¢th>n 2 of this (~.t.,.. The .'auU (\Ij;\'~',
c~
it:
aU unit' Mttf"fbedfntf\,~.\
d'f,.. t.,.d on th. COftsot, t."WrtMt,

P.21

l(X[JPt $yst~ u"r'!!i~"

() 1a<rOf) t j c .~.l;.It) ti_ 's,e rV i It ~

ttl. flAGSc~nd fS us~d to fi:"'!d th.,urrf'nt statu'''' tht
H~s.
~ nt-etdpt of this (~ndl D~Swit t d'''C~.y T~U:.tu'i
Of aU H ."s ·on ~ hf (Of'!'o\e t.,.",;f\aL
lhfl fort~t 'of t~. t~

";, :

fLAGS Sf l
~

n aqs ."'SEIL

:DR>f LA
FLi'\GS Sf T

l. Of

~hp.r,e ar. two fl,.gs that h.v~b••n Sflt·:
Hag$ art!' de$('rl~d in a t.t .. ,. Sf'ct lon. J

elM

lOE.

lfl[4(JS]

if L "GS <: ()rIft.tnQ r .. Sf' t~ .. t l I)R 51 f t aqs to: t hf! i t

The

ThE>

th. c~and i.,:

fOf'rtI.H \) f

~. t • arl'ds fa t. ·

L*",".~liIO~"-"" .• 'loiAio~
""'t

6\1"

~W""'~~_"fd'_";" idIr;;;_._._ _ -·troiPili«olt_'_'IiIOiIl~*"~~, ,~--------~",' ...._
..

._jl
.....

... ",'"

o 3

.)C[)p. SYSJetn Us.er's Manual
Diagnostic Runtim. Services
Section 2 -- Switc~s
It is ass\.-d that the reader has read section 1 and is
with th4t~~$ caNMnds.

I
I
I

I
II
!

famH jar

Swit.ches are modifiers of COIM\<oInd functions. For example .. ",any
c~s
affect units.
Usually a ccmftand of this type
at fee ts aU U'1; ts spec if ied dur ing hardware table bui td.
,.
switch enables the user to limit the effect 01 the cOflWftand to
certain selected units. The DRS switches are:

DRS

ITESTS:test-list

execute only the tests specified
execute ddddd passes (ddddd % 1 to 65536)
set specified flags
report .nd-of-pass after each ddddd passes
(ddddd = 1 to 6,5536)
rommand will affect only s~cified units

IFiASS:ddddd
IFlAGS:tlag-list
IEOP:ddddd

Il..f4ITS:unit-list

All switches cannot be used with all c~ands.
T'he following
table shows which conmands each switch may be used with.

TESTS

PASS

fLAGS

ST~RT

)(
)(

RE START
CCfHIMJE

PROCEED
DROP

)(

EOP

l»41TS

)(
)(

)(

ADO

)(

PRINT
DISPLAY

)(

fLAGS
IFl.AGS
EXl T

rEseTS]
--_
.....-The TESTS switch ts used to specify what tests will be run.

The
default DRS operation is to run all tests" but this switch allows
the u'ioer to override the default. The format of the switch is:
ITES(TS]:test-lfst

The ..test .... t ist" is a list of test !iunbers separated by colons
( : • s) • I f the tes t nU'ftbers art seqlAnt i. l.. they May be spec i f had
by the first and tast test number separated by' a dash.
For
example, if tests 1.. 2, 3 and 4 art to be specified. they M.Y be
enter4td as " :2:3:4·' or ·'-4'" Test nllftbers rnay be entered in
any oreMr, but tests wit l always be elCtcuted in nUNrie: or<k'r.

Some examples of the TESTSswi teh follow..
is typed by DRS.

The underl tned port 10

Pa'ge 29

SfQ 0029

System U5@r·s Ma~ol
DiagnQ1).tic Runtime Services
X~!)p.

-----

OR>START/TESTS:5
DR>STAAT/TES:l:2
DR>RES/TES:l:5-9:15

!n the first c()f'Nftand .. the user has selected test 5 only. In the
second cOfNha"d. the I..iser has selected tests 1 a~d 2. In the
final convnand, the user has selec ted' res ts 1" 5" 6" 7.8" 9 and
15.

PAS(S]
ThE' PASS switch is used to specify the nllJ\ber of passes that a
diagnostic will run. A pass i!'i all specified tests on all active
tJnits.. Default DAS operation is "no limit .. on passes.
This
switch allows the user to place a limit on the nunber of passes.

The format of the switch is:

IPAS(S):ddddd

where "dddddH is a decimal nunber between 1 and 65536.
Some
examples of the PASS switch (the underlined portion 1S typed by
DAS) :

.'_..---

OR>STAIPASS:100
DR>RES/PAS:l
fLA[GS)

The FLAGS switet is used to set

DRS

operational

flags.

These

flags are described in detail in the next sect lon of this
chc\Pter. Default DRS operation is all flags 'lear~d. The format
of this switch is:

IFlACGS):flag-list
where "tLag-t ist'· is a list of DRS flags separated by colons
(:'5) • . Please refer to section 3 of this chdpter for detailed
desc r ipt ions of flags.
Some examples of the FLAGS switch
(underlined portion typed by DRS):
OR>S rAIF LAGS: LOE
DR>RESIFLA:LOE: IfR:BOE

......-

E.oP

....
The fOP switch is used to spec if), when end-of-pass messages
~

wH l

ptinted.
These rnt'ssages indicate the nunber of passes
completed and the r".'flber of errors found. Oe taul t DRS operat ion
is to print these rnes$ages after every pass. The format of this
switch is:

I'", .___.

Page 30

SEQ 0030

)(XDP. System Ut; .. r*~ ~nual
Diagnostic Runtime S.rvices

3
SfD 00.3'1

IEOP:ddddd
where o'ddddcf' is a decimal ntlWber between 1 and 65536.
The
e~d-of-pass . mftssage wi t l be printed after every Hddddd" passes.
1", tn •• xMIPl~ be low, t~e user is hav ing the fftE'ss·ageo pr inted
after tvery 90 passes. <The underlined portion is typed by DRS.)

DR>RES/EOP:90
l.f.iH TS)
The U'firS switch 1S used to specify which available units are

tested.
De-faut t DRS operation is toencc:npass aU units in
tllle scope of any c~dOd.
Th's switch fs used to l ;fftit t"'e
efh'cts of a c~nd to certain units.
he format of the cOfM!and

IUN1[TS]:units-tist
where "units-list" is a list of unit nunbers separated by CorM\as.
Unit ~rs are de( imat nun~rs frcn 1 to 64. A unit is
assigned a nunber based upon order of entry lota the tables. The
first unit is unit 1. If the units are seQUentiaL. they may be
sp,ecified by the fi·r<;t and last unit n""'ber separated by a dash
('_").
for example" \JI"lits 3~ 4~ 5. 6 and" rnay be specified as
·~ ... r '. Son. examples (underl i~d port ions typed by DRS):
OR>[)RO/~l TS:l

O~;>A()O/l,fd : 2 .3

.....-

DR>R(SILWI:S"'9

In the first eXMnC'Jle. thE' user is asking to drop unit 1. in the
Sti'(.ond ('itample. the user is adding units 2 ana 3. And. ,n the
tast example A the user lsrestarting th. eliagnostit with unHs S..
6,,7. 8 and >if bE'ing tested.

Th~ user may
c~ tiS

speoc i fy as many valld switches. in any order with it
he or she desires. Simoly ~tring out the swltches"
ant? after another" ot) the cOWfnand l h'le. 'or e)(atftPle# if the user
wantttd . to s t ttrt a di.gtyos t lC 4'...1'1; 1> res t un it s 't through 4
Ot'll)'~ 2> exec.ute tests 1. 5 and 15. 3) eUI(ute 100 passt'S and 4)
imt yreport the end-or-pass data after ltvery 10 pa$s.s~ t:'is is
the cOtMand that wO\.lld be givtn.
#

SrAI~l: 1-41 Te 5:1 : S! 1SIPAS:1 OOIECF z10

T~e
,rt~

tl'tbh" at th. beg;f'ning of this se(tion s.hOws
"at id with each cOtMland.

L___. . . . . -,~,.-.~

which

G 3

'( xt>P • $'1 ~ t ~ UOSE' r' 'j) MiJf.ua t
(}i agnost i ( R'Uf\t 1," S.f"',j i ,.s
I

t_, assl:fted

2 and

It;~

tndt the rtad'E>f has read sections 1 and
tidr wi th ORS (OIM\ands and $oWl tehe'S.

f !..a9~ are used tO~HHUP Cf!'rtain QPerationat par~ters

SV'(h a'S
AU flags ar~ c teared at start'4landrema i r'!
cte ..red until expL1citty set l.I'sing tneflAGS switch.
flag~$
are
also, cleared, after a SiNH or R(SfAAT cOfmIand un~'SSS.t' using
ttl. flAG switch.
The lFtAGS c~d may also be used to ctf'ar
clt t f tags. No other (~ands af feet the state of tot' flags.

toopinq

--.-

f t ·19

H()f:

L(:If

IHoiI
IBE

l'(f
PiRi
PNT

BOf
UAI'4
I SR

erro!"'.

E
-----hal on
f fee t

(otitrol

HOf

tht'

I"'unti~

i nh i b i!' at ~" er ror repOrt s
inhibit at.! error N!PQrts except fi.rst
lE"vpf (ontain4) .,ror type. ~t".

l.".t

c? 'ror

ut'l i U

int'nblt ext~nd.d

~t''' lr

AAfNT)( macro's)

r.pOf"ts

(first
PC .. tflst dnd

(those

, .. Ued

Qi'flct I'fIiElssage:;. to l i~ printer
or1f"1ttt?!!.t

'be-l t •• on error

as hfst.l(.!~utes

v.'"

ur'ldt t~d ~ (no ~l. , t\t.r
t i~)
i "h i bits t at i ~ tic a t r epa" tt; ( doe s no t

dL'gt'lost icswh'e'"
rcE'portinq)

ID11
AOR
lOT
[vt

returnf'd

s~rvices :onrnand MOde
{ r)Op on f' " ror

not

sUi)pOr"t

llIPP l )'
t0
statistica.

inhibit program droPPing of vni ts
e-.:ecute -tU'todrop f.
toop on tfst

0'"

fllxt?,utefvaluation
evalu4t ion support)

wh~

flag.

• ti.at t-on:error'

set.

wH t

di.~osti{s

(NS.

DRS

whlct'1

have

....'ute

,h.$1Jif

seqt_.,c. wmE'n a()E!',.ror h ~t.( t.d by the
cHagnostlc. E...r:utlCln of ttn'i s.Q\ltn<. doe-; not fifsult it'! . "
ac.tual pr()(.$,.or halt.. bur rf!tv"n~ MS to C(JWJand~.. "he
.~.cr P'OC'$§ is:
1. WhM t~ .rror is ,.fportfd to DRS.. t~ error """ssq(SJ
witt bft p" intctd (unl.ss PI' tnt l"9h.S bft;n inn ih i t-.d) •
')
tUU' wi t l
,..tur" to (~ ~.
;~ diagnosth: wH l tt.vtbto~us"f\d~~ at thf f)Q1ht 0'
thflt fjrf"or ,.~rt to MS and the unit
tt!ofl'd will be
'f-It 'in fM ~Jtat. Uh't it was it"! at t .... t i,. of tht!' ,al L
I

"'''9

"fterORS has "..tur".dto(~~..

't waS$vsptf'td.d.
,".d.

AAO(EfDc~to

eft'$

tn., U$(6r

r.s\IM cUagnost lC ''IficutHm at the pointw"'.rp
Th. u"r_, a. ~o hs'ue otn.,,, (~d~ a!<

X)(Op· SfSt~ us·erts ~t
tJ LI<J"'tOS tic ~unt 1_ 5.'-1;1 ices

tl.~, when set, will .."able DRS error looping.
Wh~t"l
looP lng is in E' f fee: t , ORS wit l C'lUS. U... diagnos tic to
conti"'H.,tallyre-execute tht- coo. that dete'te>d the .r,.or" Loocdng
f"~'n~
in effect f!"en if tn. SyfftptOMs that p.r~t.d the .rror
"t!?'PCrt dlss~.r.
This allows fo·,. toopfngoninterr"'MHtent
errors . 0 stop the l oopin9~ the user must t)'~ (TRL ... ( (-C) to
retyrn DRS to (~ MOde.
ThE' lOE

."'''or

U nh i b H Er ,.or REI'POr t
..I E........R_._flag
......... --...........,.,...... .........................'--,..,... ,- .....--,....
$ )

The IfR Hag .. when stH .. e:·{tUSt5 DRS to inll ibH all error ,..~,.t ing
to thE' COt\sOltD terminaL While in .t fee L no messages wit t be
sef'lt to tne ~"ato,. ext.Dt sy$ tM f!rrorreport s su<:has Itt. IN!
(iltegal interrut)t> and end-of-pass rt1)Orts. This ffaturf is
usua tty u~@'d in con j Ur'\C t ; on wit h • rror l ct()f) i f'lg • It spefJds uP t"~
tE"st proc.ss .nO.. in tn. (.$. of hard topy tf'Nftir'hlls. sav.s
p~r.

The laE. Hag, whit''' set. c.aus.s DRS. to itlhH::dt. portion of ~rr·ol"
reports.. . Ther'. are tnr •• t,.vel s of m.ssages in an e","or f'f'PQrr.
H'tis. is i Uustrated be tow;

The tXt flag, wh." s.,t .. cauSes ORS'! to if"l,hibH the e)trended .rror
rfrPOrt lng ant.y_
The tlrror ,....5~a~ and b.sic ret.orts wHt. b~

print~d.

PR 1 Flag (PRInt.,.)
ThE' PRJ Hag .. when s~t. causes ORS to rfldlrett aU ~ss.ges to
: trw! p"int~,...
Hds does not aoJ)ty to ·cO'M\.nd prOtnDts.

The PNf f I.•g~ wh.n set. taUSf!S DRS to or ~nt
t""t!"cut.d.

t~st ~inq

•

BCt-f flag (8f.ll On Error)
The BOf Hag, w"~ s.t. causes DRS to ;ss~ ... ·'C1Rl .... G... or'wU"
r"'.r"Jtt.,. when an .rror l~ reportfd by tn. Ql.t9"ostiC. nds witt
gh/f an audible tOr'lf' It the. consOle termir",t. . Thh h"atyfeH;
usu.Uy u"'ttd f., conjun<:t '()f") wUh th.fheSS'9" inhibit h.ltl( t, io"s~

XXDP+ System User·s Manual
Diagnostic Runtime Services

Page 34

SEQ OO~4

UAM flag (UnAttended Mode)

-------------------------The UAM flag, when set, prevents the use of manual

intervent ion
during testing. ManuaL intervention assunes that an operator is
present to undertake any necessary action. The use of this flag
allows the operator to start the diagnostic and let it run
unattended. When this flag is in effect, some testing will be
inhibited.
Refer to specific diagnostic docl.IYlentation for a
description of U/..M flag effects in specific cases.

ISR fLag <Inhibit StatisticaL Reports)
--..... -._-_ ...... _--_. __ ..... _-_ ............ ---------_ ..,...,-.. ----

1he ISR ,flag, when set, causes DRS to inhibit the printing of
statistics by the diagnostic. This is an OPtional feature and
not aLL diagnostics support statistics.
Consult
specific
diagnostic dOCl.lTlentation to determine whether or not a diagnostic
has this feature.

ICR Flag (Inhibit DRopping of units)

--------- .... ------_._-_.....- .. -----_ ...------

The lOR fLag, when set, causes DRS to inhibit the dropping
(deselect ion) of units by a diagnostic. Diagnostics may deselect
a unit from the test process if an error threshold is reached or
if a serious error is detected. This fLag allows the user to
keep the unit selected .. usually for the purposes of tracing the
error.
ADR FLag (autoDRop)
The ADR flag, when set, causes DRS to execute the • 'autodro~" code
ina diagnostic. The purpose of this code is to test for 'device
ready" or "device available". If the unit being tested is not
reGtdyor available~ it will be dropped (deselected). Not all
diagnostics have autodrop code.
Refer to specific diagnostic
docunentation to determine if a diagnostic does support this
feature.
LOT FLag (loop On Test)
-------_ ...---_. .... __......... --The LOT flag# when set# causes DRS to continually execute the
testes) specified with the TEST switch.
The initialize and
end-ot-pass code are not executed as in normal operation however.

EVL Flag (EValuate)
--....
...---... -........
-,-~--,..

The EVl flag~ when set.. causes DRS to execute diagnostic
evaluation code. This is an optional feature and YOU must refer
to specific diagnostic docL.lnentation.

L _______

--- '------'-_"'_"'_-,.,.-".,., ". ... .. ....
...

,-------_._-, _----_ - ----.-------..

.........

--......

,---

... ~..

..."'-.-~----

XXDP+ System User's Manual
Diagnostic Runtime Services

Section 4 -- Table BuiLding
As stated in the beginning of the previous chapter, DRS uses
hardware tables for unit lnformation (such as register addresses,
drive nllnbers or interrupt priority). TabLes are also used for
diagnostic-specific operational information (such as what data
patterns to use for testing or whether or not to de read-only
testing).
The specific information varies from diagnostic to
d)agnostic, so this section only seeks to provide the user with
some background information on these tables.
First, these tables must be constructed. They are constructed in
three ways.
One,
the diagnostic is typically released
(distributed) with only a "template" table for hardware data.
This template contains default vaLues for hardware information in
some cases. In any event, the actual tables must be built by the
user.
This is mos: often done by starting the diagnostic with
the START command and specifying the hardware data as requested
b) the diagnostic.
Two" the table may also be 'prebuilt" by using SETUP (Chapter
14).
SETUP;s an XXDP+ utility program that allows the user to
bui ld tables wit'" '..It actually running the diagnostic. The tables
are stored with the diagnostic on t~e XXDP+ medium and are
brought into memory with the diagnostic at runtime. The user may
then initiate diagnostic operation wichout building tables.
And three, the tables may have been built by the diagnostic
programmer. These tables are already a part of the program image
and may be used as they are or changed after a STAAT convnand.
The operational table, which is called the software (SW) table,
may not be present in ail diagnostics. If it is not present, you
will root be asked if you wish to change it. This is an actual
storage area that has default data coded into it.
All table-related questions have the same format:
Question (type) [default] ?
The question may be something like "DRIVE Nt..M3ER". The type is cl
one character code for the type of answer desired, enclosed in
parenthesis. The possible types and codes are: 0 for octal, D
for decimal, B for binary, A for ASCII and l for logical (Y or
N). The question mark indicates that DRS is ready to accept the
answer.
If the answer is unacceptable for any reason, an error
message will be typed and the user will be asked for the
information again.
When you answer the hardware questions, you are building entries
;n a table that describes the devices under test. The simplest
way to build this table is to answer all Questions for each unit
to be tested.
If you have a multiplexed device such as a mass
storage controller with several drives or a corrrnunication device

Page 35

- . -- .. .. ... ...

........,- ..•

-~.,~, ~,.... , ,~,,' .... -.- ... ",,",

SEa 003S :

-----.--.---.--

K 3

I; Diagnostic
XXCP+ System User's Manual
Runtime Services
with several lines, this
answers are repetitious.

becomes

tedious

since

Page 36

SEQ 0036

most of the

To illustrate a more efficient method, suppose you are testing. a
fictional device, the XY11. Suppose t).';s device consists of a
control module with eight units (sub-de"'ices) .lttached to it.
These uni ts are desc ribed by the OC tat m.rnhers 0 through 7.
There is one hardware parameter that can vary among units called
the ''Q-factor''. This Q-factor may be 0 or 1. Bel~w;s a simple
way to bui ld a table for one XY11 with eight units.
The
underlined portions are typed by DRS.
/I UNl TS (D) . 8
.. ...... _-- --- -

UNI Tl

CSR ADDRESS (0) ? ., 160000
0
SLB-DEVICE II (0)
a-FACTOR (0) 0 ? 1

--_ .. -

UNIT 2
CSR ,\DDRESS (0) ?. 160000 ---- SLB-DEVICE II (0) ? 1
a-FACTOR (0) 1
0

_ - .. -........ -.... ... .....

-..

----~--

--- -

...- ..- ............ - ..- - .... _- - ....... _--_... --_. - -

UNIT 3
CSR ADDRESS (0) ? 160000 ---- SI,J3-DEVICE I¢ (0) ?. 2
a-FACTOR (0) 0 ?

- --~
... - .... -_ ...--~-~----~
_... .... -

CSR ADDRESS (0) ., 160000 ---- SLB-DEVICE II (0) ? 3
a-FACTOR CO) () ?

----------

.....

UNIT 4

-~-

--~

UNIT 5

CSR ADDRESS (0) ? 160000 ---- SLB-DEV rCE II (0) ? 4
Q-FACTOR (0) 0 ?

--------- ... _... -

lJ'Jlr 6
(SR ADDRESS (0) ? 160000 ---- SLB-DEVICE 1/ (0) ? 5
O-FACTOR (0) 0 ?

----------------- - .., .... - --- -

----~~~-~-.

....

lJ'oJIT 7

CSR ADDRESS (O)? 160000 ---- SlB-DEVICE # (O)? 6
Q-FACTOR (0) O? 1

.. _..... _...... -- --., ... -

UNIT 8

CSR ADDRESS (O)? 160000 ---- SLB-DEVICE 1/ (O)? 7
O-FACTOR (0) 1 ?

--.

- --- -

... - ---------........... ... --- --

;

'--_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - -........ ---__ ..•__ •........_......

,,!

XXDP+ System User's Manual
I" Diagnostic Runtime Services

Notice that the defauLt vaLue for the Q-factor
'non-defauLt response is given.
Be careful
multiple units!

changes when a
when specifying

As you can see from the above example. the hardware parameters do
not vary significantly from unit to unit. The procedure c;hown is
no'" .......... y efficient., "
runtime services can take multiple unit
specifications hOWf
Let's buHd t~e same table using the
multiple specificati
,eature.
II UN! TS (D)

UNIT 1
CSR ADDRESS (O)?

160000
SLB-DEVICE II (0) ? 0,1
Q-FACTOR (0) O? ',0

I!
I

UNIT 3
CSR ADDRESS (0) ?

160000
SUB-DEVICE II (0) ? 2-5

Q-FACTOR (0) O?

UNIT 7
CSR ADDRESS (O)? 160000
SUB-DEVICE II (0) ? 6.7

Q-FACTOR (0) O?

As you can see ~n the above dialo9ue, the runtime services will
~uild as many entries as it can wlth the information given in any
one pass through the Questions. In the first pass" tw, entries

are buiLt since two sub-devices and Q-factors were ~pecified.
The services assune that the csr address is 160000 for both since
it .,as specified only once. In the second pass" four entries
wer'e built. This is because fou'" sub-devices were specified.
The "_" construct tells the runtime services to increment the
data from the first number to the second.
In this case,
su~-devices 2,
3, 4 and 5 were specified. (1f the sub-device
were specified by addresses, the increment would be by 2 since
addresses must be on an even boundary.) The csr addresses and
a-factors for the four entries are assLlfted to be 160000 and 0
respectively since they were only specified once. The last two
units are specified in the third pass.
The whole process could have been accomplished
shown below.
II UNITS (D)? 8

one

pass

UNIT 1

CSR ADDRESS (O)? 160000 ---- SUB-DEVICE # (O)? 0-7
Q-FACTOR (0) O? 0,1,0",,1.'

As you can see from this example, null r)pties (conrna$

encLosing

Page 37

SEQ 0037

Ir----------------------------- - - - - - I

XXDP. System User's Manual
Diagnostic Runtime Serv';ces

" 3 Page 38

SEQ 0038

a f')I.Jll fieLd) tell the runtime services to repeat the last reply.

'---------------------------------------------- ---_ -,----_ ,.--,. __
..

............. ,... .

---------

r-----.--~.

XXDP+ System User's Manual
Diagnostic Runtime Services
~---.

......--..--

Runtime Services Error Messages

Chapter 10

---_............ _....

The foLLowing are DRS error messages.

ERR HlT
- .... - .. _--

A halt-on-error has occurred.

Halt-on-error only occurs
with a flag to DRS •

is now back at command mode.
operator has specified this mode

DRS

INTER nnn PC nnnnnn Ps nnnnnn
_.: Ll
..... - ... - ........---_ ....----- ...-- ..... '----- ......... -- .. ..- ........ -.

An unexpected interrupt occurred through vector nnn. The Program
Counter and Processor Status Word at the time of the interrupt
are given.

_INSUFF
---_ ...MEM
_--....

There is not enough memory space to store table information
the nunber of units thdt the user wants to spec i fy.

for

SWTCH FOR CMND
_INVAl
...--,..--' .. ..... .... ..........---'-'

..-.

-.'

The user specified a non-existent or non-applicable switch 1n the
previous conYnand. Refer to the table of switches in section 2 of
Chapter 9.
INVAl UN.I T

... --_.........--_ ...The user specified a unit that does not exist.
.,

LOOKUP ERROR f ilnam

----~-~-~-~-~~~---~~-~

This error message a:tuallY comes from the XXDP+ monitor. If the
tile name is' l-fSAA?? SYS.. then the di agnos tic being r'ln re'Jui res
the DRS, but the DRS file is not on the system mediun. Any other
file name indicates that the diagnostic attempted to open a file
that does not exist on the system medhln.

--_..... _-_ .. -

LOOP CHNG

range of the loop changed
progress.
The

~/h; le

looping on error was

NOT HAL TED

----... -_ ......

"'"

The user attempted

to enter a PROC:EP cOIMIand when
not executed a "hal t-on-error" sequen.ce.

NO UN! T
....... -_.. _-

the

DRS

had

Page 39

0039'

_ _- -_ _ _ _ _ _ ._ _ _

. _ - - _... _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ . . . . 0 . - -

XXDP+ SysteM User's ManuaL
Ciagnostic Runtime Services
There are no activo units. Either no units have
or all units have been dropped.

betn

specified

ABORTED FOR THIS UNl T
--PASS
.... ........-.....- -..... -.......... ---.........
:I?sting was prematurely ended for the current unit being tested.
~

.....

'~ ..!re 1S usually

an error message trom the diagnostic q1ven prior
this message'. Refer to the specific diagnosth
"'1'!,pntation
the reason that the unit may have been abort
nnnnnn
,.-ERR..,.. ....AT:
- ....----_ ......... -

. '" - ,....

,...

TRAP
and
ease

,$'lrecognized TRAP instruction was exeCli
~: rue t ion
is used to communi cate between .~.
This error-should never occur in field OjJt'i'
t the problem if it does.
II

TOO BIG

-- ...--_.......-.-....-

't,~
f

user specified a test number that is larger than
tests in the diagnostic program being run.

the

m.mber

Page 40

SEQ 0040

C 4
XXDP+ System User's Manual
XXDP+ Utility Programs

Page 41

SEa 0041

PART IV -- XXDP+ Utility Programs
There are five XY~P+ utility programs described in this section.
UPD1 and uPD2 art. :led for manipulat:ng files (moving files from
one medillh to anot;"e"" loaded and sav 1 ng files" etc.). The UPDl
file is smalter and .nore primitive than UPD2 and is used on small
systef'\S with space limitations.
PATCH is used for putting
t~rary ch~nges
(patches) into fi lese
SETUP is used to
~:rl'"
,~~~terize diagnostic programs that are compatible with the
.,:
tes.
And finally" XTECO i·s a simple text editor
e ..
'.e. for creating batch r.ontrol fi lese
There;s a
.
.
OXCl" for creating DEC/X11 exercisers. This
1@scribed in this manual.
Please refer to the
for instructions on the use of DXCl.

"-_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _•_ _ _ _ _._._____._. __ e_.__ e.........

It------------~-- - - -..- - - - . - - - - - - - - - - . - - - , - - - - - - - , - - - , - - ..,,-----.--~---~-~.. -..- .. - .... - . " .., ... -.' ......

1 XXDP. System User's Manual

0 4 Page 42

I XXDP. Utility Programs -- l.lP[)2

SEQ 0042

I
!

1
l

I
j

Chapter 11

UP[)21'

•

UPD2 (Update Two) is a file manipulation utility program used for
building XXDP+ media .. copying files fran one medilln to another,
deleting files from a med i lin .. modifying files
and other
functions.
The component name for Uf>D2 is "CHUP2?? UPD2 UTll",
but for the benefit of the user .. the program is released under
its c orrmon natne: UPD 2 •

•

UPD2 runs in the lower part of memory and occupies about 6K
words.
It uses the runtime monitor for interfacins to the
operator a~ loading the retrievable d~vice dr;'!ers that lt l;Ises
to accompllsh devlce related functlons.
S,nce UPD2 requlres
these device drivers, the drivers you intend to use must be
resident on the system med;lIn and the system medium must be
availabLe (on-line) throughout your use of UPD2.
There is one
e>.ception that ;s explained later in this chapter in conjunction
with the OR1VER corrmand.
This chapter is organized as follows. First there is a brief
description of how to start UPD2 and a list of commands. Next
there are detailed descriptions of each command, grouped and
ordered as in the list. And finally there is a llst of error
message,s with a description of the meaning of each.
New users
should read the entire chapter. Persons familiar with UPD2 can
use the index to find the description of a particular r.orrvnand.
The error message section can be found quickly by referring to
the index under 'error messages {UPD2)'"
f

Start;t:l9 upo2
To start UPD2, type:

R UPD2
When the program has been successfully loaded by the monitor, it
will type its name and a restart address and then type a prompt,
......, to tell the user that it it is ready to accept commands.
The conrnands are tabulated below and described in detail in this
chapter of the manual.

"-"-------------------------------------_._----_._-------'--'-""--'-'--

.,,-

...

~AVt"" ..
~YS{em user"s rlanUdl
XXOP+ Ut; l i ty Programs -- UP[,,;

SEQ 0043

_....... - ...... -_... ....... .-.

UPD2
Commands
_.....__ .......
--_ ..... - ...
~ile

ManipuLation

D!R
PIP

give directory of specified mediun
transfer a file or files
transfer a file or files
delete a file or files
rename a file

FILE
DEL

REN

File Modification
----_
...._.,... ....... ---_._-CLR
LOAD
MOO

XfR
HI CORE
LOCORE
DU"'P

clear UPD2 program buffer
Load a program
modify file image in memory
set transfer address
set upper memory lim; t for cunp
set lower memory limit for dl.lY1P
dl.l1'\p a program image

New Medill'n Creation
---_ ..... _--_._-----_ ... _ZERO
initialize a medit.rn
SAVM
save a monitor on a disk
SAvE
save a monitor on a tape
COPl
copy entire mediun
Miscellaneous
-,--- ... ...._-----assign a Lo~ical name to a device
ASG
execute an lndirect convnand file
DO
read a file to check validity
READ
write logical end-at-tape mark on a tape
EOT
load a device driver
DRIVER
'

Returning to Monitor
-----~~~~----~------

BOOT
EXI T

bootstrap a device
return control to the runt ;me moni tor

Printing

-------PRINT
TYPE

print a file on the line printer
type a file on the console terminal

F 4

XXDP+ System User's Manual
XXOP+ Utility Programs -- UPD2

Page 44

SEQ 0044

File Manipulation
The file manipulation cOlTffl~t'\ds are used to maintain XXDP+ media.
Files may be transferred from mediLlTl to medillTl,. deleted from a
medium or renamed. A directory,. or list, of files on a med;LIn
may be obtained.

DIR
The directory conrnand ;s used to obtain a directory, or list, of
files on a specified medil..ln.
The user can specify where the
directory is to go (console terminal, line printer or file) and
what form the directory is to take (long or short). The format
of the convnand is:

DIR [[devo:][ofile][/0]=J[devi:]Eifile][/Q][IF](/8][/LJ
where,
devo - output device: defauLt is console terminaL unless
ufiLe is specified or the "-" is used, in which case the
system device is default: device is assumed to be online
and write-enabled
of He
name of·' fHe for directory (devo must be a
file-structured device): defauLt is D1R. TXT: if a file
aLready exists with the specified name, it is autodeLeted
10

- do not rewind output medillTl prior to beginning
directory search for file with same name as ofile (for
tape units only); rewind if switch not specified

devi - device from which to take directory;
system device
is default; device isassl..Ined to be online and ready
ifile - files to be listed
legal; default is *.*

directory:

wildcards

are

10 - do not rewind input medil...rn prior to starting directory
operation (tape devices only);
rewind if switch not
specified

IF - give short form of directory;
specified

I
1

long form if switch

not

/8 - !.ist nllTlber of free blocks left on input medium (random
access devices only)
IL - send directory to a
only)

tine

printer

(pa,allel

There are sampLes of both forms of the directory on
this manual. Examptes of the directory command:

page

printers
16

---------_._---,-_.. _.,.

r--'--''-------.---,

._---,"""'-----------.

G 4

System User's Manual
XXDP. Utility Programs -- UPD2
~XDP+

--.----~~--.-.",."",,---'"

.. -" .. - " " .... - "."
,",

Page 45

SEQ 0045

CIR DXO:DISK.TXT=MMO:/Q

The directory of files on MMO will be written into a file called
"DISK. TXT" on DXO.
The tape will not be rewound during the
operation.
OlR =ORl · ... BIN
A directory of

all files with "BIN" extensions on ORl will
written into a file cal.led ''OIR. TXT" on the system device.

DIR
A directory of all files on the system device will
the console terminal.

typed

OIR =
A directory of all files on the system device will be put into a
file ralled ''OIR.TXT'' on the system device. Please take note of
the eftect of the equals sign on the operation of the directory
conYnand.
OlR OVO:IF/l

A short form directory of all files on OVO will be printed on the
line pr inter.
PIP - FILE

------- .......-

The PIP and fILE commands are used to transfer a single file, or
multiple files, from one medium to another.
There are two
differences between these comnaods.
The FILE command allows
autodeletion;
the PIP command does not. You may specify an
output file name with the PIP command; you may not with the FILE
comnand.

Autodeletion is simply the removal of a file from the output
.nedium if it has the same Paine and extension as the file being
transferred. If you attempt to transfer a file when the name
already exists on the output medium using the PlP command, the
tile is not deleted, the transfer does not occur and a warning
message is printed. If several files are being transferred, only
those that do not have names and extensions that match already
existing files on (the output medium are transferred. If a FILE
command is used, aU files are transferred regardless of what
tiles exist on the output medium and any f,les on the output
medium that have names and extensions matching those of files
being transferred are deleted prior to the transfer.
The
operator is not notified of autodeletions.
The PIP command may be used to rename is fite during the
process since output file specifications are allowed.

transfer
The FILE

L _ _ _ _ _ _ __

-_._--_._"._- ....__

._"" ..•"". -'"_''"'''- "..

'.-

H 4

XXDP" System User's Manual
XXDP. UtiLity Programs -- UPD2
command never accepts output file specifications and fiLes
retain their names and exte~s;ons as they are transferred.

will

The format of these commands are:
PIP [devo:][ofiLe][/Q]=[devi:](ifiLe][/Q](/N]
FI~E [devo:](/O]=[dev;:](ifiLe](/O](/N]
where ..
devo - output device; system device is default;
assumed to be online and write-enabled

device

of He - file name for output file; wildcards are permitted,
in which case the input fiLes wilL be renamed to match
the output specification (please refer to the exampLes
below);
defauLt is *.*;
if fiLe already exists on
NOT USED WITH
output device, transfer witL not occur;
FILE C()IIM4\ND
do not rewind output medium prior to directory
for aLready existin9 file {tape devices only);
after each file if sW1tch not specified

10 -

devi - input device; default is system device;
assumed to be onLine and ready

search
rewind

device

if He - input file name; wildcards are permi tted;
is *.*; fiLe(s) specified must exist

default

do not rewind before directory search for first file
(tape devices only); rewind if switch is not specified

/0 -

IN - do not type name of each file as

each name if switch ;s not specified

found;

type

Examples of the PIP and FlLE commands:
PIP DXO:NEW.BIN=DR1:IZIZZZ.BIN

The tHe "ZIZZIZ .BIN" will be trans ferred from DR1
named ''NEW.BIN''.
The transfer will not occur
already exists on DXO.

to DXO and
if "NEW.BIN"

FILE DXO:=DR1:ZZZZZZ.BIN
The file '7ZZZZZ.BIN witl be transferred from DRl to DXO.
It
will replace a file of the same name on DXO if such a file
exists.
PIP =DDO:XMONCO.L1B

The tile "XMONCO.LIB" will be transferred tO~'he

system device
from DDO. The name witt not be changed. If "XMONCO.lIB" already
exists on the system device, the user wil L be given an error

Page 46

SEQ 0046

!
~--------------------

XXDP. System User's Manual
XXDP. utility Programs -- UPD2

Page 47

SEQ 0047

indication and the transfer will not occur.

FILE =DDO:XMONCO.lIB
This command has the same effect as the command in the previous
example with the exception that if ''XMONCO'' already exists on the
system device, it wilL be deleted prior to the transfer.
PIP DK1:=DKO:
All files on DKO will be transferred to OK1.
Any files that
aLready exist on DK' will not be transferred and the operator
will be notified. The remaining files will be transferred.
FILE DK1:=DKO:
In this case all files on DKO will be copied to DK1, regardless
of what files already exist on DK1. This command provides a
convenient method of putting updated files onto an existing XXOP+
mediun.
PIP MMO:FIlE??*=
ALL files on the system device will be transferred to MMO and
RENAMED to have the characters "FILE" replace the first four
characters of the original name. Be careful if you use wildcards
on the output specification~
DEL
The DELETE ccmnand is used to remove a tile, or files.. from an
XXDP+ medium.
The actual process for deletion is to remove the
file name from the directory and deallocate the physical blocks
used by the file. The format of the command is:
DEL dev:ifile(/N](/O]
~here,

dev - device where tile resides;
device is assumed
online and write-enabled; there is no default

ifile - file(s) to be deleted;
file must be on device
specified;
extension must be specified (unless file has no
extension); wildcards are accepted

IN - inhibit printing of file names as they are deleted;
switch is not soecified, names will be printed

/0 - do not rewind before searching for file(s) (tape devices
only>;
if switch is not specified, tape will be rewound
prior to searching tor each file to be deleted
Examples of the delete command:

L--..._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ,.

_____ ,_________ '___ '''".•____., ... "'''''_

XXDP+ System User's Manual
XXDP+ Utility Programs -- UPD2
DELf'i'MO:XYZ001.TXT/Q
The fi le named' 'XYZ001. TXT" on ,..,.,0 wi t l be deleted.
The search
tor the file will begin at the point where the tape i~ currently
positioned (the no rewind switch has been specified).
An ~rror
will be reported if the device is not online and wr;~e-enabled or
if the file does not exist.

DEL "'.OLO
All files on the system device with "OLD" extensions will be
deleted.
An error will be reported if the device is not online
and write-enabled or if there are no filed with "OLD" extensions.
REN
The rena"!@' convnand is used to change the file specification of an
e>.isting file without doing a transfer. The name of the file as
recorded in the directory is changed~ but there is no movement of
data. The form~t of the command 1S:
REN (dev:)newnam=[dev:]oldnam
where.
default is
dev - device where file to be re:-.3med exists;
system device;
device is assumed to be onl ine and
write-enabled; device must be same for both input and
output
newnam - new file specification; file with same specification
must not exist on device; wildcards are accepted
file must exist on
oldnam - current file specification;
device; wildcards are accepted
Examples of the rename command:
REN DX1:DIAG.OLD=~Xl:DIAG.81N

Page 48

SEa 0048

------------_._-K 4

XXDP+ System User's Manual
XXDP+ Utility Programs -- UPD2
FiLe Modification

One of the prime runctions of UPD2 is the modification of binary
tiles.
When a diagnostic. program ;s found to have a deficiency.
one of the corrective measures taken is to issue a DEPO or "patch
order".
This is a temporary change to a released program. UPD2
is one of the means of impLementing these tempordry remedies.
The program ;n Question is Loaded from an XXDP+ medium into an
area in memory caLled the program buffer. This area lies;n the
physicaL memory space between the monitor and UPD2 and its size
is determined by the amount of memory in the system. The size is
eQual to the system size minus 8K words .. but no larger than 20K
words. The program image.. now resident in memory.. may be
modified and then put. back onto an XXDP+ mediL.'n ("1l.1nPed"). The
transfer address and load image size may also b~ ;.ltered by the
user at this time.
The next seven cOITV'nands relate to this function of UPD2. In the
descriptions of these commands, locations within a program that
has been loaded into the program buffer are referred to as
"virtual locations" since their addresses are relative to the
first physiCal location in the program bufter
j not
the first
physical memory locat1on as would be the case if the program had
been loaded by the monltor.
l.

The location addresses given in a DEPO (Diagnostic Engineering
Patch Order) are treated as virtual when using UPD2. For
e(ample .. if the DEPO says to modlfy location 1002, that will be
toe virtual Location you will refer to in the MOD command. If
the program has been loaded by the monitor however~ 1002 would be
an absoLute address in memory, not a relative Location in the
pr'ogram buf fer.
The file modification process applies to image (SIC or BIN) files
only. The process .. briefly, consists of the folLowing steps:
load the file into the program buf fer with the LOAD
conrnond.
2. ChaRte the size of the image, if necessary, with the
HICOR and LOCORE conmands.
3. Modify the contents of the desired location(s) with the
MOD convnand •
4. Modify the transfer address, if desired, with the XFR
convnand.
5. Write the image onto media with the Dt.Jt1P conmand •
1•

I,
.1

1
!

(onrnands are detailed in the following sections.
tile modification is given after the descriptions.

These

ClR

The clear conrnand clears the program buffer into

which

A sample

pro~'rams

Pa~le 49

SEQ 0049

XXDP+ System User's Manual
XXDP+ Utility Programs -- UPD2

,3r'€
loaded for modi ficat-;on.
This ccmnand allows the user to
assure that unused Locations in a program are set to zero when
t'''w program· image is dL.tnped to a medil.ln. The format of the
command '5:

CLR
LOAD

The load command is used to load a binary file into memory for
the f)urpose of modifying the program image. As the fiLe is
loaded, a checksL.tn is cClT\Puted and compared with a checksl.ln
stored with the file. The conrnand format is:

LOAD [devi:Jifile[/N][/OJ
where

devi - device from which to load the file; defaUlt is the
system device; device is assllTled to be online and ready
ifile

file to be loaded;

no defauLt accepted

IN - inhibit printinfl of upper and lower memory

file name found (,f wiLdcard used)

limits

and

10 - :nhibit rewind before searching for file (tapes onLy)

Wildcards are permitted in the file specification, but the user
shouLd take care whe'; doing so. The data in the program buf fer
wi Ll be the resul t of the overlays of each file found.
The
program buffer ;~ not cleared between loads and the unused
locations for the tastfile loaded will not necessarily contain
zero·s for contents. The wildcard feature is really only useful
for doing file sanity checks where the user is interested in
verifying that files are not corrupted.
Aftf'- che load hus been successfutlycompleted .. UPD2 will print
the traf'sfer address and core limits (the lowest and highest
virtual memory locations used by the program). These parameters
may be altered by the user as described in subsequent conrnand
descriptions. Example:
LOAD DXO:PROG1.BIN

XFR:

000001

CORE:

000000,020000

Thiscorrrnand is also used to load anXXDP+ monitor image into the
program buffer.
This must be done as part of the media build
process. The section on New Medilln Creation in this chapter and
Part Vl of this manual describe this process.

Page 1)0

SEa 0050

M 4

XXDP+ System Userts Manual
XXDP+ Utility Programs -- UPD2

Page 51

SEQ 0051

MOD
The modify convnand is used to alter the contents of one or more
virtual memory locations in a program that has been loaded by
UPD2. The format of the command is:
MOD nnnnnn
,where nnnnnn is the octal address of the virtual m~mory location
the contents are to be modified. UPD2 will respond by
typing the address and the current contents. I t will then Wl; t
for the user to either typ,e new contents or accept the the
current contents by typing a 'carr; age return".
I f the user
wishes to modify, or examine .. two or more consecutive virtual
memory location::>, he or she should type a ttl ine feed" aftei~
modifying each tor.ation. Examples:
where

r-oo 2460

002460 770

771 (CR)

The user has modified v:rtual memory location 2460.
MOD 12004
012004 012736(CR)
The user has examined, but not modified, virtual location 12004.
MOO 1220

001220 120 167(LF)
001222 120 1234(CR)
The user has modified two conse(:utive
<1220 and 1222),

virtual

memory

locations

XFR

This command is used to modify the transfer address in the
program that has been loaded.
The file created by the DlJ'1P
comnandwill have this transfer address. This is acldress of the
location to ..hich control will be transferred when the program is
started.
After the user has entered this command" UPD2 ~ill print the
current transfer address. If the user does not wish to alter the
trans fer address, he or she shouldinrnedi ately type a ' ·carri age
return". The format of the command is:
XFR

Examples of thi s command:

'--"----------------------------------------------,-------------_

... ,-"...

__ ...

------ ---.- ------ --------. -----,---------",.--_._- _._."..
,-..

__ .,

N 4
XXDP+ Syste~ User's Manual
XXDP+ Utility Programs -- UPD2

SEa OOSe
XFR

000200 001000
T~e

user has c haf1ged the trans fer address

1000 ( OC ta L) •

from

200

(DC ta L>

XFR
002000 rCR)
The user has not altered the transfer address.
HICORE
T~e

high core comnand is used to alter the addre~s of the highest
v,rtual memory location that wilt be transferred during a "dLlnp"
operation. The default location is printed after the LOAlJ
command. The format of this conrnand is:

HICORE
Tht> address of the highest virtual memory location to be used
during a dunp operation will be printed. UPD2 will then wait for
the user to alter or accept the location. ~he user may enter a
new Locc.':ion by tlping the octal address or accept the location
as is byryping a · carrlage return". This address must be above
that of the lowest virtual location Clow core) o;)d below that of
the top of the prvgram buffer.

Ex,amples:

HI CORE
40000 45000
The user has changed th(~ upper virtual location
45000.
hI CORE
100000 (CR)

from

4uOOO

The user has allowed the upper location to remain as 100000.

LOCORE
low ccrp'" ommand 'fs us'd to alter the address of the lowest
virtual met,lory locai~ ion that wi II be trans ferreo Hl a dunp
operat;.:m. Th~ default location is printed after the load
operatior has been cOIr.pleted. The format of this cOITV,vmd is:

The

lOCORE

Examples:

'------------------,------------------------ ------------..

""'.-.-~".-..,-.- ....... ,-

r---------------'-.-.---"'""--B 5

XXDP+ System Userts Manual
XXDP+ Ut~lity Programs -- UPD2
LOCORE

000200

Tt)e user has modified the low memory address to zero.

lOCORE

;)00000

t ow memory address

to 20 (o~ taU.

write the program image in the
file on a medh.m. The image size is
. and lower memory lim; ts di spLayed by the
,;,<",ands. A trans fer address will be put into
t"S$ can be examined and al tered with the
XFR
:"f;,,>, to f this cotMland is:
to

;ij

! +.

~,-

t"H:'
(CAf\)'

DlI1P [dev:]ofile(/O]

where,
default is system
dev - devic~ to which file is to written;
device; device is assLlTled to online and write-enabled
otile - file name for binary file; wildcards are not accepted;
file with specified name must not already exist on device
/0 - inhibit rewind before searching

(tapes only>

for

logical

end-of-tape

ExampLes of the dump cOtMland:

DUMP DVO:ZRLAA1.BIN
The program image will be written to OYO and given the fi le name:
, 7RLAA1.BIN".
DUMP FIlE3.BIC
The image will be written to the system device and given the
specified name.
Sample Modification
The following sample file modification illustrates the use of the
preceeding se '") convnands.
It is based on the following patch
diagnostic named ZXXXBO.BIN:
for a tictitio

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,

Page 54

SEQ 0054

--_._..._-, - ......New_--Contents
..............

Old Cont~rts

location
....... .-. ....
...
1224
1226

--_

......

240
240
374

106701
177660
376

1452

The uPD2-user dialogue used to accomplish this is
The underlined portion is that typed by UPD2.
refer to line feed and return •

shown below.
elF) and eCR)

• R UPD2

------- ----- ---- -------

CHuP2BO XXDP+ UPD2 UTlLITY
RESTART ADDRESS:

002432

-~-----

-~---~--

~-----

*LOAD ZXXXBO.BIN
XFR:

000001

CORE;

000200# 027230

-------t

*MOD 1224
001224
106701
001226 177660

240(lr)
240eCR)

*MQD 1224
001224
000240
001226 000240

<If)

eCR)

--.---- ------

*MOD 1452
001452 000376

374(cR}

------

*MOD 1452
001452 000374

(CR) -

-_ ...---

- .... ----

------

*DlI1P lXXXB1.BlN
The user *examines locations previously modified in order to
verify the changes.
The l .. ser also renames the fHe to reflect
the patch level.

-----~--.-.-

-----------

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XXDP· Utility Programs -- UPD2

Page 55

... _--- ... .....-- ......... __ .... -.-.- ..
New Mediutn Crea~lon

The comnands described in this section are used to create new
'(XDP'" media. The bui ld proces:; is described in detai l in Part VI
of this manual. The user should famil iarize him/hersel f with
t;'')ese convnands before proceeding to Part VI.
ZEQO
The zero command initializes a mediLln by cLearing the bit map
(random
access
devices)
or
writing an end-of-tape mark
("ieguentiaL access devices) and placing an empty directory on the
medlLln.
CAUTION:
all data on the medh.rn prior to a zero
orerat;on is irretrievably lost after the operation. UPD2 makes
no attempt to determine what is on a medilln and will destroy
customer data. A warning is printed whenever this command is
irlvoked.. stating which device is involved. The user must then
verify that the zero operation is-to take place. The format of
the cOIMIand is:
ZERO dev:
There is no default for the device. The device must be online
and write-enabled.
The following warning will be issued after
the cOIM\and is entered:
USER DATA ON dev WILL BE DESTROYED!
PROCEED? (Y/N/CR=N)
The only arswer that will confirm the user's intent to
is' "Yto.
There will be an additional warning message if
system device in the ZERO command.

you

carryon

specify

the

ZERO SYSTEM DEVICE
YOU MAY NEED AN ADDITIONAL DBIVER
PROCEED? (Y/NICR=N)
\

.If you wish to proceed with the process, you must type a ''V''.
The meaning of the warning is that you must aSsure the presence
in memory of two drivers, one for the system dev';ce and one for
the cievice from which files will be moved to the new media in the
system device. To assure that the necessary drivers are in
memory .. use the DRIVER cOI'M'Iand.
,
~

I
I
I
I

SAVE - SAVM

----------The save commands are used to

place a bootable monitor on a
mediLm.
The S.~VE convnand is used for sequential access devices
and the SAVM for random access devices.
(Sequential access

'--------------------------------~.--- ----------._.••.-._-_._ .... -.__ ................ .

SEQ 0055

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XXDP+ System User's Manual
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devices
are"', MT
MS and CT.) The conrnand places the
appropriate secondary bootstrap on the boot block and places the
monitor file on the medilln in a predetermined section. The
monitor image fiLe (e.g.; HMDKBO.SYS) must have been loaded into
-the program buffer using the load convnand. See example below.
Refer to Chapters 18 and 19 for detai ls on building XXDP+ medi a.
#

Themedh.m need not be initial ized with the zero comnand if the
mediLl'fl is already XXDP... compatible.
In this case only the
monitor and bootstrap on the medil..rn prior to the save operation
are lost. ALL other files are preserved.
The format of the conrnands are:
SAVE dev:
SAVM dev:
where dev: is the device with the medillYl that is to be made
boatable.
The device must be online and write-enabLed. The
device must be sequentiaL access (e.g.; magtape) when using the
SAVE corrrnand. It must be random access (e.g.; disk) when using
the SAVM command.
Example:
LOAD HMDX??SYS
SAVM OX1:
COpy

The copy command is used to copy the entire contents of one
medillYl to another identical medil.tn (e.g.; RP06 to RP06). The
copy process can take two forms. The first is an "image copy".
This isa block-far-block transfer and is very fast since all
availabLe memory is used as a buffer. If the device is a bad
block device.. there is a chance that a bad sector may be
encountered during the copy process. In this case the process
will be aborted.
You wiLL then have to use the second form,
"file copy.... This is slower since only one block is transferred
at a time. In both cases .. the former contents of the medilll1 are
destroyed. There is no check for medilll1 type and customer data
could. be lost. Be careful! There will be a warni'19 message as
shown below. The copy wilL proceed only if a •• 'Y'. is typed.
The format of the conrnand is:
COpy devo:=devi:
USER DATA ON devo WILL BE DESTROYED!
PROCEED? (Y/N/CR=N)

where devo and devi are the
output
and ·input
devices
respectively'.
The two devices must be the same type. Both
devices must be online and the
output
device must
be
write-enabled.

Page 56

SEQ 0056

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Page 57

Miscellaneous
ASG
The assign convnand is used to assign a logical unit number to a
device.
The device can then be referenced by this number in
ensuing UPD2 conrnands. The format of the contnand i:>:
ASG dev:=n
where.
dev - device to be assigned

n - logical unitnunber (0-7)
The primary use for the assiJn convnand is to fac il itate the use
the DOconrnand and indirect convnand files (see next section).

Example of assign conrnand:
ASG OKO:=O
PIP 0:=OK1.*.CC(
FILE O:=~:FllE.NEW

DO
The do ccmnand is used to execute an indirect (onmand file for
UPD2.
This file is a text file that contains one or more
commands executable by UP02 with the exception of ':Xll
The us~r
may create a carmand fi le that accompl ;shes some comnon ta!j~: such
as building new media. This saves time and effort on the part of
the user since he or she need not enter each conrnand by nand.
The format of the command is:
00 file.ext
The specified file must be on the system device, therefore you
cannot specify a device.
There are two fU'lctions avai lable in the indirect conrnand fi le in .
addition to the normal set of UP02 conrnands. First. any conmand
line beginning with a semicolon (;) will be treated as a comment.
That is, no action will be taken; the line is merely printed.
Second, a comnand line beginning with a dollar sign (S) wi Ll also
be treated as a comment, except the processing of the ccmnand
file wilt cease after the line is printed and resumed when a
"Control X" is typed.. (Control X is typed by depressing the X
key while holding the (TRL down.' This second function can be
used to stop activity while the operator performs some required

t -_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. ._ _ _..• _._. ____...._ ...._.................. .

SEQ 0057

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Page 58

task. su(has mounting a new medilln or placing a device online.
The file can be made more gLobal in scope by using logical unit
nLlnbers instead of device names in the convnands. The user can
then as.sign logical unit nt.snber's prior to using the indirect
cClfmlandfile using the assign convnand.
The example below
iLlustrates the combined use of the two commands.

Sample Conwnand Fite:

Rr-BLD. TXT

ZERO 1:

LOAD O:HMDR??SYS

------ ------- ----- ---------

SAVl'I1:

fILE 1::::0:"". SYS
fILE 1:=O:UPD2.BIN
•i

!
I
I

The above file can be used to build the XXDP+ System on any
using any otherXXDP+ rnedil.l1'l. (Note that the command line
containing a 'Y' only'is required to verify the zero process.
·SE-e tnezerocomnand description.) The process for doing this is:

~2/3

.R UPD2
-ASG DR2:=i
*ASGMTO:=O
-DO ~LD.TXT

I
I

The underlined portion of the above example
UPD2. The remainder is tYPPd by the user.

READ

*EX1 T

that

typed

The read convnand is used to check device and media integrity.
Each block of the file specified in the comnand is read into
memory and a checksun is calculated. The computed checksum is
compared to the checksl.ln stored with the file. The format of the
CDmmund is:

READ [dev:]ifilef/N][/O]
w·here.

dev - devicf? from which file(s) are to
system device; device must b€ onl ine

read;default

i fi le - fi lees) to be re,ad;wi ldcards are accepted

IN - do not print name of each fHe as it is r~ad

10 - do not rewind bef.ore searching for specified files (tape
devices only); rewind witl occur if switch is not specified
fOT

I
j

SEQ 0058

)(XDP+ System User's Manual
XXDP. Utility Programs -- UPD2

The end-cf-tape cOtMIand is used to place a logical end-ot-tape
marker on a tape at the current position. Note, the tape is not
rewound. All files after the current position wilt no longer be
accessible.
The marker consists of two consecutive tape marks.
Any data beyond this point on the tape is lost.
The format of
the command is:
EOT
Tne

dev:

device must be a tape unit.

unit, is the default device.

The system device,

tape

DRIVER
The driver convnand is used to explicitly load a read/write device
driver into memory. Up to two drivers may be loaded. If a third
driver is loaded, one of the drivers currently in memory will be
lust.
If a requested driver ;s already in memory, no action is
taken. The format of the convnand is:

DRIVER driver[/driver]
where "driver" is the two character device name (e.g.;
DX =
RX01).
The list of supported devices and their names is in
Chapter 16. Note that two devices may be specified with one
convnand.
DRIVER D,.:/DK:

purpose of the driver command is to allow a user to build
media with l Llited resources.
If the system device is
required for building a new meditlTl, the user can load the drivers
required, remov~ the system mediLlYl, mount the new meditlTl and

T~e

XXDP+

build XXDP+.

Page 59

SEQ 0059

XXDP+ System User's Manual
XXDP+ UtiLity Programs -- UPD2

Returning to Monitor
---- .... --_ ... __... --'...........

_-_.

There are two cOI'M'\ands that allow the user to return
the monitor. These are described below.

control

BOOT
The bootstrap conwnand is used to start the monitor in the same
manner as the hardware bootstrap. The purpose of this command is
to allow the user to boot a device other than the original system
device.
The booted d~vice is now the system device. The format
of the ccmnand is:
BOOT dev:
The device must have a boatablE:' mt-\l:un mounted. The boot process
consists of loading the firs': p~)sical block (boot block) into
the first 256 (decimal) words otmemory and starting execution at
location O.

EXIT
The exit cOIMIand is used to return contrOL
mon i tor. The format of the convnand is:
EXiT

the

runtime

Page 60

SEQ 0060

XXDP. System User's f-I4nual
xXDP+ Utility Programs -- UPD2

Printing
Thpre are two cC'lmmands to output textual information from files.
PRINT

The pr~nt cOf'M\and is used to f,:.ad textual informat~vl'"' from a file
outPut it to aline printer. The file must contain text in
ASCll for·mat. The format of the convnand is:

and

PRINT [dev:]ifile[/O]
where,
dev - device where file is located;
device must, be online
ifile - file to be printed;

default is system device;

must exist and contain text

IQ - do not rewind before searching tor

devices only';

specified file (tape
rewind will occur if switch is not specified

Example:

PRINT MT1:HElP.TXT/Q
The file ItHElP.TXi" will be read from the tape on MTO and printed
on the line printer. The search tor the file will begin at the
current tape location; no rewind will occur.

TYPE
The type cOlM'land is used to read textual information from a file
and output it to the console terminal. The file must contain
text in ASCI.I format. The tormat of the convnand is:

TYPE (dev:]1file[/0]
where"
dev - device where tile i~ located;
device must be online
ffile - tile to be typed;

default is system device;

must p)(ist and contain text

10 - do not rewind before searching ~or specified file (tape
devices only>; rewind will occur it switch is not specified

Example!

TYPE SYSTEM.fCC
The file "SYSTEM.eCC" will be read from

the

system device

and

Page 61

sea 0061

.-~--.---'"

--,---------------------_.'
Ie

XX{)P+ System User's Manual
)(XOP+ Ut it it)' Programs .- uPD2
printed on the (onsote terminal.

Page 62

.-~~---.~-".,-,.,-".

"""--,,,-,,-

",""."'"

~ ""

SEa 006('

~'-----....

-----

....""'-~-'..........~,-

-. -- ..---.-----,

....

.....~,----

XXDP+ $ys tern USEH" S Manual
xXOP. Ut it ity Program.s .... UPD2

Error Messages
The error messages that could be typed during uPD2 operation are
listed alphabetically beLow.
The lower case tetters "device
error" refer to a series of specific errors that can be detected
by the device drivers. The possible errors are listfld after the
error messages.
?

EdCh block in c binary t ite has a checkslIn storeo in it.
1f
the checksLITl caLculated while reading the block does not Mat.,
the checksun in the bLock .. this error will be printed.
Try
the operation again, but the file was probably corrupted.

II
!

device error
Edeh read/write device driver may detect an error dur;n~ an
operation.
The driver will report the type of error ;;,nd
return control to the program being used. This program Hill
append any additional lnformation as shown in the next six
error messages. The errors that can be reported by drivers
are: READ ERROR and WRITE ERROR.

CHECKSLI1 ERROR

device error ~ INPUT DEVICE
The specif;ed error occurred on tht input device specified in
the last operator conmand. If the error persists, the media
or the hardware may be bad. Try running diagnostics for the
spec i tic dev ; ce •

device error ON OUTPUT DEVICE
Same as above, except output device has problem.

device error ~ INPUT DEVICE DIRECTORY
The spec if led error occurred while accessing the directory

on
the input device specified in tht last operator command.
There may be problems with either the device or the media.
Try running diagnostics for the device.

? device erro'" ON OUTPUT DEVICE DIRECTORY
Same as above .. except the output device specified in the
operator command is involved.
?

last

device error WHILt LOADING DRIVER fOR dev
The spec i fied error occurred while the driver
specified device was being loaded loto memory.

L._______

for

the

Page 63

SEQ 0063

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?

device error WHILE READING filename
The specified error occurred
oeing read.

Page 64

while

the

specified

file

was

DEVICE FUll

The capacity of the output device has been exceeded. For disk
devices (random access) there are not enough p:1ysical blocks
remaining to store the file. Any blocks allocated during the
attempt to write the file are deallocated. r<·r tape dev'ces
(sequential access) .. the physical end-of-tape mark was reached
while the file was being written. In both cases, no file is
created. Delete some existing fHes or use another Mdillft.
/I.

DIRECTORY fUll

There are no remaining entries in the directory and the name
of the tHe and other data cannot be entered. No file is
created. Delete some existing files or use another medil..rn.
')

UNEXPECTED END-OF .... FlLE

The logicdL end of r file was encountered
expected. The t-ile in question is corrupt.
.,

~fore

was

fILE ALREADY EXISTS

The ncvne of the fiLe specified for output matches that of a
file that already exists on the output med'h.m. Delete the old
file or use a 1ifferent name.

INVALID ADDRESS
There are three operations that can cause this error.
One.
when using the ft'KlD carmand to modify a virtual ~oc:ation .. the
address of the location given was odd or not within the upper
and lower core limits.
Two .. the address g';ven in a LOCORE
command was higher than the current high core limit.
And ..
three.. the address given in a HICORE convnand was lower than
the current low core llmi t •
INVALID C(MJ\N[)
The last ccmnand specified was not one of the
tor uP02. R~-enter the car;nand properly.

legal

commands

INVALID DEVICE
This error has a nunDer of causes .. dependin9 on the. comnand
being used. For file related cOIMlands (DIRj> COPY. ZERO .. SAVe.
SAVM .. DEL .. BOOT and EOT> .. one of the devlcesspecified is not
file-structured (like paper tape). For EDT .. the device is a
non-tape device. For Copy
the spec i fied devices are not
of

'---_._-------- ._--,--_ _._-----_ _.---------......_.

sea 0064

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XXDP. System User's Manual
XXDP+ Utility Programs -- UP£>2

identical ty~s.
For SAVE. the device is not a sequential
device. for SAVM. the df!vice was not a random access
device.
acces~

1NVAl 1D FILENAME

The filename specified in the last cOI'Mland was invalid.
the command and re-enter proper'.y.

Check

? iNVALID Nlf13ER
A nl.JlTlber specified in the l1ast command was not f?'r"ltered
proper l y.
Poss ible problems ,'re: not a nU'nber (e. g.. 12e4)
or not oroper !'adix (e.g •• 1292 ;~ not octal).
?

INVALID SWITCH
The last convnand was
recognized by UPD2.

entered wlth Ct switch theot
Pe-enter the cOtM'land properly.

not

LOGICAL DEVICE NOT ASS.lGNED

An attempt was made to use a logical unit mlnber without first
assigning it to a ~evice. (Sa. A.::-G c~and.)
?

NOT FOUND

on the devic~ s;>ecified.
NOT fOlJND: HDxx??SYS

The file specified tor input in the last comnand was not found

The driver for device "xx·' was not

<ound on the system medh.rn.

This message is printed by the monitor driver which is used to
load device drivers for UPD2. Trahsfer the requir~d driver
file "0 the system IMdil.ln.

SPE CIF Y DEVICE

The last conrnand spec .. lfed does not allow the use of default
device
spec ificat;t.
Re-enter
the comnand wi th the
device(s) explicitly specified •
.,

OVERFLOW
An attempt was made to load
program but fer.

too

large

program

into

the

Re-enter the ....

,and

SYNTAX ERROR
The tast convnand was entered i~rope"ly.
properly.

I'll

page 65

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SEQ 0066

Chapter 12
--......... --

UPD1

~ ....

UPD1 (Update One) is a file modification program that dupl icates
some of the functions in UPD2 (Ch~pter 11>.
It is used
excLusively for modifying binary .fiLes and, because of its smal~.
size. can b~ used with larger programs than UPD2. The compont")t
name for UPD1 is "CHUP1?? UPDl UTIL", but for the benefit of ',he
u~er .. the program is reLeased under its cOtmlon name:
UPD1.
UPDl rune; in upper memory and overlays part of the monitor. This
means that you cannot exit from the utility to the monitor
directly. UPDlreQu;res the retrievable device drivers that
reside on the system mediun. The system mediLITI must therefore
remain online and r ldy throughout your use of UPD1.
UPD1 can
only use one device at a time. It cannot transjer files.
This chapter is organized as follows. First there is a brief
description of how to start UPDl and a list of commands (pg.
44). Next there are detailed descriptions of e]ch command.
And
finally there is a list of error messages wi~h a description of
each. For a quick reference for error messages.. look in the
"·'"'ex under · 'error messages (UPD1> , '.
Starting UPD1
...- .............. -._---To start UPD1, type:
R UPD1

When the program has been success'iuLty lOdded by the moni tor.. it
will type lts name and restart address and then type a prompt,
.t* .. " to tel l the user that it is ready to accept corrrnands.
The
convnands are tabulated below and described in detail in this
chapter.
UPDl (onvnands

CLR
LOAD

MOD
XFR

HI CORE
LOCORE
DUMP

DEL

BOOT

clear UPD1 program buffer
load a prC'gram
modi fyfi:.eimage in memory
set transfer address
set upper me."'\Ory lim; t for dLlTlp
set lower memory limit for dt..rnp
dLlnp a proflram image
delete a f,le
boots trap a (!ev i ce

C 6

XXDP+ System User's Manual
)(XDP+ Utility Programs -- UPD1

Page 67

F He Modi fi cat ion
--~~~~-~~------~-

The function of UPDl is to modify binary files.
When a
deficiency
;s found ;n a diagnostic program, one of the
corrective measures taken is to issue a DEPO or "patch order".
This is a temporary change to a released program. UPD1;s one of
the means of implement';ng these temporary remedies. The program
in question is loaded from an XXDP+ mediun into an area in memory
called the program buffer. This area lies in the physical memory
space between the UPDl program and the XXDP+ monitor. The
program image .. now resident in memory .. may be modified and then
put back onto an XXDP+ mediun C 'dunped' ') •

II
j
I

The next seven conrnands relate to this function of UPD1. In the
descriptions of these commands, locations within a program that
has been loaded into the program buffer are referred to as
"virtual locations" since their addresses are relative to the
first physical location in the program buffer and not the first
physical memory location as would be the case if the program had
been loaded by the monitor.

I
I

The location addresses given in a DEPO (Diagnostic Engineering
Patch Order) are treated as virtual when using UPD1. For
example, if the DEPO says to modify loc,ation 1002, that will be
the vi rtual location you will refer to in the MOD command. 1f
the program has been loaded by the monitor however, 1002 would be
an absolute address in memory .. not a relative location in the
program buffer.
The file modification process applies to image (BIC or BIN) files
only. The process, briefly, consists of the following steps:
Load the file into the program buffer with the LOAD
convnand.
2. Change the size of the image, if necessary, with the
HICORE and LOCORE commands.
3. Modify the contents of the desired location(s) with tn~
MOD command.
4. Modify the transfer address, if desired.. with the XFR
conrnand.
5. Write the image onto media using the DUMP command.
1•

CLR

The clear command clears the program buffer into which programs
are loaded for modification.
This command allows the user to
assure that unused locations in a program are set to zero when
the pro~ram image is dl.lnPed to a mediun.The format of the
convnand 1S:
CLR

!
I

" " " " - - ' - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - - - - . - - - - _. __............ _.1

D 6

XXDP+ System User's Manual
XXDP+ Uti l ity Programs -- UPD1
LOAD

The load comnand is used to load a binary file into memory for
the purpose of modifying the program "image. The command format
is:
LOAD (devi:Jifile

where,
devi - device from which to load the file; default is the
system device; device is assuned to be online and ready
ifile - file to be loaded;
are not allowed

no default accepted;

wildcards

The 'program buffer is not cleared between loads and the unused
Locations for the Last file loaded will not necessarily rontain
zero's for contents.
Aftet;' the load has been successfully completed, UPD1 will print
the transfer address and core Limits (the lowest and highest
virtuaL memory locations used by the program). These parameters
may be altered by the user as described in subsequent command
desc ript ions.. ExampLe:
LOAD DXO:PROG1.B1N
XFR:

000001

CORE:

000000,020000

MOD
The modify command is used to alter the contents of one or more
virtual memory locations in a program that has been loaded by
UPD1. The format of the command is:
rOD nnnnnn
,whe.re nnnnnn is the octal address of the virtual memory Location
where the contents are to bl: modified. UPD1 will respond by
typing the address and the current contents. It will then wait
for the user to either typ,e new contents or accept the the
current contents by typing a 'carri age return".
I f the user
wishes to modify, or examine; two or more consecutive virtual
memory locatinns, he or she should type a "line teed" after
modifying each location. Examples:
MOD 246)

002460 170

771 (CR)

The L'Sf:r has modified virtual memory location 2460.
'100 12004
012004 012736(CR)

Pag"J 68

SEQ 0068

f.
E 6

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I

XXDP+ System User's ManuaL
XXOP+ Utility Programs -- UPD1
The user has examined .. but

Page 69

SEQ 0069

t modified .. virtual Location 12004.

MOD 1220

001220 '20 167(LF)
001222 '20 1234(CR)
The user has modified two consecutive
(1220 and 1222).

virtual

memory

locations

XfR

I
I

This command ;s used to modify the transfer address in the
program that has been loaded.
The transfer address is the
address at which a program wi Ll be started after being Loaded
into memory. The fi le created by the PlW convnand wi Ll have this
transfer address. This is address of the Location to which
control wi Ll be transferred when the program is ~tarted. The
transfer address is always set to "'" when a program is loaded
into the program buffer.
(The transfer address in the file
loaded from is not aLtered.) A transfer address of ",.. is
equivalent to a transfer address of "200".
After the user has entered this command .. UPDl wiLL print the
current trans fer address. I f the user does not wi sh to aLter the
transfer address" he or she should il'MlediateLy type a "carriage
return". The format of the cOl'M'land is:

XFR
Examples of this command:

XFR

000200 001000

t
I

The user has changed the transfer address
1000 (octal).

It
!

from

200

(octal>

XFR
002000(CR)
The user has not altered the transfer address.
HICGRE

high core conrnand is used to aLter the address of the highest
virtual memory location that will be transferred during a "dunp"
operation. The default location is printed after the LOAD
COIM'and.
The format ott his convnand is:
The

Hl CORE

'"---_._-----------_._-------------------- '-----------".'"-----.-,-..

- " ' ..•

--,.~'"'" ..

-.".''''''.'''

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XXDP+ Ut il ity Programs -- JPDl

Page 70

~[J

The address of the highest virtual memory location to be used
during a dll'Op operation will be printed. UPDl will then wait for
the user to alter or accept the location. The user may enter a
new loeat ion by typing the oc tal address or accept H,e locat; on
as ;s by typing a '~arrlage return'f. Th;s address must be above
that of the lowest virtual location (low core) and below that of
the top of the program buffer.
Examples:

HICORE
40000 45000
The user has changed the upper virtual
45000.

location

from

40000

HICORE
100000 (CR)

The uspr has allowed the upper location to remain as 100000.

LOCORE

The low core cOIM\and ;s used to aLter the address of the lowest
virtuaL memory location that will be transferred 1'1 a dump
operation. Th~ default location is printed after the load
operation has been completed. The format of this convnand is:

I
!!

LOCORE
Examples:

lOCORE
000200

The user has modified the low memory address to zero.

I
I
I

;

LOCORE
000000

The user has ra i sed the low memory address to 20 (oc tal) .
DUMP

-----

The dunp command is used to write the program image in the
program butter into a file on a mediLln. The image size is
determined by the upper and lower memory limiis displayed by the
HICORE and lOCORE commands. A transfer address will be put into
the tile. This address can be examined and al tered with the XFR
convnand. The format of this command is:

'----.-------------------------------------"----..

----~--"-_....._'"', ..... ,_

.... _.. ...... .... ".
,

0070

G 6

XXDP+ ~ystem User's Manual
XXDP'" Utility Programs -- UPDl
Dl.J1P [dev:]ofiLe

where,
dev - device to which fiLe is to written;
default is system
device; device is assumed to onLine and write-enabled
ofiLe - file name for image file; wildcards are not accepted;
file with specified name must not already exist on device
Examples of the dump command:

DUMP DrO:ZRlAA1.8IN
The program image will be written to DVO and given the fHe name:

"lRLAA 1 .8IN".

oL1'1P r1'10: ZXXAB2
H.e pro~ram image will be written to MMO and given the name:
'7XXAB2
There will be no extension since one was not
t.

specified.

DUMP FIlE3.BIC
The image wiLL be written to the
specified name.

system

device

and

given

the

Sample Modification
The following sample file modification illustrates the use of the
preceeding seven cOI1YI'\ands.
It is based on the following patch
for a fictitious diagnostic named lXxxaO.81N:
New

location

Old Contents
Contents
-------- _....... _-------- ------ .. -_ ..... 1224
1226
1452

106701
177660
376

240
240
374

UPD1-user dialogue used to accomplish this is
The underlined portion is that typed by UPD1.
refer to line feed and return.

The

shown

betow.

(IF) and (CR)

Page 71

SEQ 0071

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Page 72

SEa 0072

.R UPCl
(HUP1BO XXDP+ uPD1 UTILITY

RESTART ADDRESS:
~LOAD

ZXXXBO.BIN

XFR:

000001

002432

(ORE:

000200, 027230

~MOD 1224
001224
106701
001226
177660
~MOD 1224
001224
000240
001226 000240

(CR)

.MOD 1452
001452 000376

374(C~)

·MOD 1452
001452 000374

(CR) -

(IF)

-_ ....-...

.... ....

---....

*DUMP IXXXB1.BIN
The user *examines locations previously modified in order to
verify the changes.
The user also renames the file to reflect
the patch level.

DEL
The deLete command is used to remove a file, or files, from
anXXDP+ medilln. The ac tua l process f :;," de let ion is to remove the
file name from the directory and deallocate the physical blocks
used by the fiLe. The format of the convnand is:
DEL dev:ifile

where,
.
dev - device where file resides;
device is assumed
onLine and write-enabled; there is no defauLt
ifile - name of file to be deleted;
wildcards allowed

no default

accepted;

BOOT

The bootstrap command ;s used to start the monitor in the same
manner as the hardware bootstrap. The purpose of this command is

r---------------. -----.------J 6

System User's Manual
)(XDP+ Utility Programs -- UPDl
)(XDP+

Page 73

SEQ 0073

to allow the user to boot a device other than the original system
device.
The booted device is now the system device. The format
of the command is:
BOOT dev:
The df.'vice must have a bootable medilln mounted. The boot process
consists of loading the first physical block (boot block) into
the first 256 (decimal> words of memory and startin~ execution at
location O.

"---------------------------------_._-------------_ _-- -- - --....

.... .•.. ..

.•.-~-.

XXDP+ System User's Manual
XXDP+ utility Programs -- UPD1
UPD1 Error Messages
')

('<ERR

Checksum error occured while loading a file •

DEV fULL
ihe output device has no room for the last file specified.
device error D1RECTORY
The specified device error occured while reading/writing to the
directory.
Possible device errors are:
READ ERROR (error
~ccured while reading a block of data), WRlTE ERROR
(error
occured while writlng a block of data) and HARD ERROR (error
occured while accessing the device for a ~on-transfer operation).

device error ON INPUT DEV1CE
Specified error occurred on the input device
Last convnand.
device error ON OUTPUT DEVICE
Specified error occurred on the output device
last cOOITIand.

specified

the

specified

the

EOF
End-ot-file indication was detected before expected.

tiLe already exists
The file name specified for output ;n the last co.-nmand is already
in the directory. Use araother name or delete the current file.

':'

INV ADR

The address specified in the last MOD convnand
address in the program buffer.

was

not

valid

INV (MD

The previous conrnand is r0t a recognized UPDl convnand. Check the
appendix for a list of valid convnands and reenter the command.
INV DEV

User specified an invaLid device in the last conwnand. An example
would attempting to delete a file on the pdpertape reader.
?

INV NAME
Filename specified in last command was not valid.
and re-enter.

Check

command

INV Nl.M
A nllnber specified in the MOD convnand was not octal.
NEXF It

Specified file name for input 1n the previous

convnand

does

not

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XXDP+ Utility Programs -- uPD1

K 6

Page 75

SEQ 0075

()ppear in the directory.
")

NO DEfAULT
T*'le pre\lious conwnand does not accept default specifications for
device and/or fHe name. Refer to the description of the corrrnand
in question.

" OVERFLOW
The file specified in the pre\lious LOAD corrtnand Cdnnot fit in
free memory space.
If you are attempting to patch the fHe in
quest ion .. use the PATCH util ity.

L________________________.. _._ _.._......,. "''

XXDP. System User's Manual

XXDP+ Utility Programs-- PATCH
Chapter 13
_
....- .... _- .. - ...-

Page 76

PATCH

This program can be used to modify any binary formattPd (.BIN or
.SIC) f,le stored on an XXDP+ storage medium.
It is an
alternative to the lOAD-MOD-DtJ't1P seQuence of UPDl olld UPD2.
There are two specific instances when this program should be
used.
The first is if you are modifying a f,le which is too
large to be loaded into the memory space of the system you are
using.
This situation precludes the use of the LOAD-MOD-DlW
sequence of the update programs. The second use of this program
is for the modification of DEC/Xl1 runtime exercisers. Ot is
assuned that reader is familiar with DEC/Xll usage.
If not,
please read the DEC/X11 User Manual before attempting to use
PATCH on this software.) As these programs CANNOT be patched
using the update programs, you must use this program it YOu wish
to produce a permanently modified .BIN file for a DEC/Xl1 RTf.
********************************

Notice
The DEC/Xll features have
not bf'en fully impLemented in
DEC/Xll monitor. Please
patch RTE's with this
utility as you would any other
(non-DEC/X11) binary file.

*************.***~**************

Program Operation
Operation of this program consists of two phases. The first is
the building of a table containin~ the modifications that witl be
made to the file in Question. fhlS table is referred to as the
"input tabLe". The operator fills this table with the addresses
he wishes to modify within the file, along with the desired
contents of these addresses. This table may then be saved as a
file and retrieved for later use. The second phase of operation
is the combining of the information contained in the input table
with the actual binary file to produce a new .. modified file. The
original file is not modified by the program.
Running PATCH
- .........
In order to load and start tnis program,
following cOIMIand to the XXDr"+ monitor:

..............................

you must

type

the

-------.-----------------------------------.-~-----.--"-·-,,-·,~·"~___ , ___ ,_w ..

SEO 0076

._---------- -

'"--

~-.-....

M 6
XXDP+ System User's Manual
XXDP" Ut il 'tty Programs -- PATCH
.R PATCH <CR>
clnd
the

This will cause the PATCH utility to be loaded into
begin executing.
The program will identify it':
message:
CHuPA?? XXDP+ PATCH UTlllTY

Thisw;ll be followed by an operator prompt (-tt). At this point
you may begin entering conm~nds to the program. The valid

c:onvnands for PATCH are:
800T

CLEAR
EXIT
GErM
GETP

lOLL

MOO

PATCH
SAVP

Boot sp('cified device
Clear input table

Return to XXDP+ monitor
load DEC/X11 MAP tile
load !;8ved input table
Delete address frCJ'll input table
Enter address in inQ1o.It table
Create patched tilt
Save input table
Print input table on terminal

TYPE
In order to patch a file with this program you must perform tweoperations.
1. You must bui ld an input table contairdn9 all of thc
addresses which you wish to modify wltnin the fHe .
along. with the contents you want these addresses to
have. The input table May have it maxil'lU'n of fifty (50)
ot these entries.
The commands you may use to build the in~ut tabl .jf'e:
CLEAR
GErM

f't'IOD

TYPE
KILL

SAVP

GETP

These comnands are described below.

After you have ranpleted the input table you must use
the PATCH cOfTIf.and to add the address modi fications
within the input table to the file you want to patch"
The PATCH connand is described below.
It is important to note that the fHe youar. modifying
is never completely loaded into memory_

Page 77

X:'CP+ SY$t~m User's Manual.
X)([)P+ UtHity Programs .... - PATCH

Patching Commands
CLEAR
_
.........
Thi

command clears the

f::.H \""'l~t

~ble

1 'i :

of all entries.

The

c~.nd

ClEAA«P>

is:

uSet~_henpatc~ing
I.'
vt!
a DEC/X11

witt

from the $pec; f i ed de vi, e
PW> f lLES H ) .

1:>n:

'nee/x"

OEC/Xl1
runtlme
file of tn'"
and load i t i n tc
Ttl. COI'M'land format

'r-w:>"

GETM (dev:)filnaM.ext<CR>

The defautt device is the system device.

The MOD conwnand is used to enter an address and the desired new
contents of that address into the input table. The MOO cOI'Mlaf'ld
has. two modes of operation.. depending on wn.ther you are
modifying a DEC/X11RTE or another type of binary tHe. Thfse
two modes are described in the follOWing sections.

Non-DECIX11 Mode
~hen used

wi th binary files other than DEC/X" RH's# the

of the MOO convnand ; s:

•

format

MOD <addr·><CR'>
where <addr> is any lJal id16 .... 0 i t address..
omitted.

Leading zeros,,,ay

After a carriage return is typed the.requestedaddress

will

bE'

be-

retyped.. followed by a slash •. If this address has not beer.
previously entered in th~ input table" t . heSlash will be followed
by six dashes.
(Because the fHe you wish to MOdify is not in
mf?'m.:.~',r'V; there is no way ofknowf .... '" ~he current
contents of the
l~i ·pn· you have specified.)
the address has been inserted
ii'~ input table .. thp pr~vivusty entered cont(~nts of
the
III by typed after the slash.

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XXDP+SystemUser'sManuat
XXOP+ UtilityProgtaMs -- PATCH
ExaftlPle:

Page 1'9

SEQ 0079

1fMOD 1234S6<CR>
123456/------ '

- _---_.......

..........

In this example, the operator ha's specified physical address
123456 to· be modi fied.
The dasht·s indicate that this is the
first time this address has been specified.
Example:

*MOD11040<CR>
011040/000240

In this case an actual value appears after the slash.
This
indicates that the operator had previously entered this address
into the input table and had specified the new contents of the
address to be 000240.

At ttds point you may type tht: value you wish to have loadt·j into
this address.
This value can be any octal nunber from 0 to
1n777.Leading ~e.ro·s may be anitted.After entering the v.alue,
you :tnay type e 1 the.r a <CR> Or a <Lf>. A <CR> Wl II c lose the
table entry for this address and cause a pr~t to be printed so
that another connandntay be typed. A <IF> will close the current
table entry and make ~ new entry ,for the next addressable memory
location (i.e. <addr>+2). The new contents for this address may

I
II
,

then be typed.

Example:

123456<CR>
.
123456/----- 000207<CR>
*
In the example, the ~rator has specified that location 123456
should contain 000207.
The carriage return closes the input
table entry and causes ~a pr~t (*) to be printed.

Example:

*MOD 11040<CR>
0110401000240 0OO137<lF>
011042/----- 051502<CR>

In this case the operator has re-opened the table entry for
address '1040 and changed the contents to 000137. He/she then
typed a <If> to make a table" entry for location 11042.
The
dashes indicate this location had not been previousl}, entered
into the table. This location receives a contents of 51502, then
a <CR> is typed to close the table entry and cause a prompt to be
printed.

DEC/Xl1 Mode

I
I
,I

I
I
I!

---_J

C 7
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XXDP'" Ut i li ty Programs -- p,~ TCH
When working with DEC/,-.11 fi les, the corM\and has three
formats, as followSM-.-MOD <addr><CR>
MOD MaN <modnam> <addr><CR>
MOD <opmod> <addr><CR>

SEQ 0080

different

Form (1) of the MOD commana is the same for DEC/Xl1 usage as it
is for non-DEe/Y11 usage (see prevlous sectio,))
with the
exception that l8-bit addresses accepted.
Forms (2) and (3) of the MOO corTf'ncnd allow the operator to
spec i f iy loeat ions within aDECIX"f 1 runtime e.xerc iser (RTE) by
typing the name of a monitor moduLe or option module followed by
an offset into that module. These forms of the command may be
used only if a DEC/X11 • 'map" fi le has been retrieved by means of
the GETM command (see C3ection: "DEC/X11 MAP FILES").
#

Format (2) ;s used for modifyin9 Locations
modules. An example of this format 1S:
MOD MON KTERR 24<CR>

within monitor

.
,.~",.

The keyword .~.. is used to indicat~ that the module is in the
monitor section of the RTE.
In this case the ooerator is
specifying location 24 relative to the beginning of the monitor
module named •'KTERR' '.
Format (3) is used for modifying locations within option modules
<opmod> is the name of the option module to be
of exercisers.
modified. The name has five characters.. the fifth character
being the coPY nllnber (the first copy is 0). An example of this
format is:
MOD CPBJO 100<CR>
The operator, by typing this. coornand. is indicating that ne-'.
wishes to modify locaticn 100 relati'Je to th,~ beginning of the
first (Opy of option module CPS,).
in all three formats .. after the <CR> is typed th~ actual physical
address being referenced will be typ~-j, followed by a slash (/).
If this address has not been previously entered in the input
table, the stash wi II be followed by six dashes (------). 1 f the
address has .already been entered in the input table, the
previously entered contents of the address will be printed after
the stash.
Example:

-MOD 012546<CR>
12546/------

In the e.xample, the operator has specified physical a1dress 12546
to be modified.
The address is retyped, followed b" a slash.

-----.. ---_.... _-

-------- , - ----_.'.---.---_.__.- _._._..._._.,_ --.
" ..

o 7

XXDP+ System User's Manual
XXDP+ Utitity Programs -- PATCH

..... ..

SEa 0081

The dashes indicate that this is the first time this address
been specified for modification.
Example:

......

has

1rMOD ft'.()N K TERR 10 <CR>
007126/000240
'

In this case the operator has specified an address within the
monitor s.ection of the RTE and has done so by using G module
name. Not,ice that the program determines the actual physical
address represented by the cormand str'ingargunents and prints
that address. Here an actual value appears after the slash.
This. indicates that the operator had previously entered this
address into the input table and specified new contents of
000240.
At this point you may type the value you wish to have loaded into
the s~cified address. This value can be any octal number from 0
to 177777. leading zeros may be emitted.
After entering the
vaLue you wish, you may type either a carriage return or a line
feed. A <CR> will close the current table entry and cause a
prompt (1r) to be printed so that you can then type another
conwnand. A <IF> will close the current table entry and make a
new entry for the next addressable memory word (i.e., <addr>+2>.
You may then type new conte~ts for the address.
Example~

012546<CR>
12546/------ 000207<CR>

1rMOO

.._- ...........................

In the example .. the operator has specified that location 12546
should contain 000207. The <CR> closes the input table entry and
causes a prompt to be printed.
Example:

*I'1)D MCW KTERR 10<CR>
007126/00024.0 137<lF>
007130/------ 51502<CR>
1r

In this case the operator modified the contents of the location
7126 so it will be 000137 (he had previously specified that this
address should contain 000240). He then typed a <IF> to close
the table entry for address 7126 and to create a table entry for
location 7130. The dashes indicate that this location had not
been previously entered in the table. This location received a
contents of 51502 and a <CR> was typed to close the table entry
and cause of prOll'lPt to be typed.
TYPE
Thisconwnand causes the content.s of the input tabLe to be

listed

----'-_._,-_.__•....•._ .,. ...
.... "

.... ,

XXDP+ System User's ManuaL
XXDP+ UtiLity Programs -- PATCH

E 7

on the system terminaL. The cOtMland format is:
TYPE<CR>
KILL

The KILL command is used to delete an entry from the input table.
The cOIMland format is:

KILL <addr><CR>
SAVP
This command causes the contents of the input table to be saved
as a file with the specified filename on the specified device.
The command does not cause any alteration to the input table
contents. The cotM'land format is:
SAVP [dev:]filnam.ext<CR>
The default device is the system device.
GET?
The GETP command causes the input table to be loaded with the
contents of a file that was created using the "SAVP" convnand.
Execution of this conrnand causes any previous cOntents of the
input table to be lost. The conrnand format is:
GETP [dev:Jfilnam.ext<CR>
The default device is the system device.
Creating the New fiLe
PATCH
After the device address modifications have been entered in the
input table" a new output fHe containing these modifications can
be produced with the use of the PATCH comnand.
Thisconrnand
reads the specified input file .. adds the address modifications
contained in the input table .. and builds a new output f He having
the specified file name. The fonmat of the command is:
PATCH (dev:]filnam.ext=(dev:]filnam.ext<CR>
The defaul t device (input and output> is the system device.

The

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)(XOP+Utility Programs -- PATCH

Page 83

SEa 0083

input file and the input table are unaffected by the execution of
this command. An example command string is:
PATCH DK1:SAMPL2.8IN=DKO:SAMPL1.8IN<CR>
This will take the file SAMPl1.8IN located on device DKO .. combine
it with the address modifications in the input table .. and produce
a new fiLe on device DK1 called SAMPL2.81N.
After the carriage return is
wiLL be printed:

typed..

the

IF THIS IS DECXll TYPE THE MOOI TOR TYPE.

folLowing

instruction

ELSE JUST <CR>

If you are patching any fiLe which is not a DEC/Xl1 runtime
exerciser .. then just type a <CR>. If this response is typed .. the
program wilL commence const~uction of the output file.
When
execution has been completed the message ''DCl'4E t wilt be printed ..
followed hy a prompt.
If you are patching a DEC/Xl1 runtime exerciser (RTE> you must
respond to the printed Question by telling the program the type
of monitor contained in the RTE. Note: There are three methodS
for determining the monitor type of the RTE:
1.

2.
3.

Run the DEC/Xll configurator/linker program and
configuration file for this RTE .. if it exists.

type

the

Run the DEC/X11 configurator/linker program and type the
file for this RTE" if it exists. The monitor type wilL
beat the top of the listing.

MAP

Run the RTE.
time.

The monitor

type

printed

start-up

If the monitor of the RTE is one that does not support memory
management.. the program will now begin building the new output
file. When this process is complete .. the message ''DONE'' will be
printed on the terminal.. followed by a prompt. 1 t.. on the other
hand .. the specified DEC/Xll monitor type is one that does support
memory mana~t.. the program wi II now check to see if a MAP
file has been loaded into memory with the GETM carmand. If there
is no MAP file in memory, the following instruction will be
typed:
TYPE MODQ ADDRESS:
In order to detenmine this address .. you must look at a listing of
an appropriate MAP tile (see DEC/X'1 MAP Files). The symbol MODQ
is located within the monitor module "CCWFIG"" so just find the
module name 'tONF.IG· t on the listing" then loqk at the symbol
names underneath the module name untll '~DQ" 1S found.
The
ph),sical address printed next to the symbol t"'K)DQ is the address
which must be typed in response to the question. If a MAP file
tI

- - - - ,.......... -.~-"' .. -

... " ...",,,.-,, ... ,,",,-.~ __._ ......"." .,·-0,

G 7

XXDP+ System Useris Manual
XXDP+ Util ity Programs -- PATCH

Page 84

SEQ 0084

was previously Loaded into memory using the GETM command .. the
program can automatically find this address and thus will not ask
the Question.
Next ..

tt,e following message will be printed:

If MODIFYING OPTION MODULES, TYPE LOWEST MODULE
AOORESS. ELSE JUST <CR>
If you are modifying only the monitor section of the runtime
exerciser.. the proper response to this message is to simply type
a <CR>. If you are patching both the monitor area and one or
more option modules, or if you are patching only option modules,
you !'nUst now type the address of the first option module that was
linked into the runtime exerciser. This address may be obtained
in two ways:

If you have a MAP file Listing for the proper monitor type
(see "DEC/Xl1 ~ FILES"), flnd the first occurance of an
option module name on the listing and use the physical
address associated with that option mOdule. The option
modules are located at the end of the listing.
The
physical address of each module is printed next to the
module name. under the heading 'PH ADDR1.

Before running the PATCH program, you can load and run the
RTf that you intend to patch, then type a .~ .. command.
This Catmand causes the starting addresses of all option
modules to be printea. for each option module, look for
the address labelled 'PA:".
Find the physical address
which is lowest (not necessarily the first one printed!).

I
,I

After the typing of a <CR> the program will commence construction
of the output file.
When execution has been completed the
message • 'DCWE" wit l be printed .. followed by a prompt.
Exitting

......--.--..EXIT

This command returns control to the XXDP+ monitor.
format is:

The

cOtMlalld

"EXIT <CR>
BOOT

This command boots the specified device.

The format is:

BOOT (dev:]<CR>

'-----------------------------------------_._._. ._----- ..__ __

..... •..............

H 7
XXDP+ System User's Manual
XXOP+ UtiLity Programs -- PATCH
The default device is the system device.

Page 85

SEQ 0085

X)([)P+ System Userts Manual
XXOP+ Utility Programs -- PATCH

Page 86

SEQ 0086

DEC/X11 MAP files
................
_----......

.-.--.-,-

1r) order to ut i l i ze the ful L capabi Lit i es 0 f the MOD command when
modifying OfC/Xl1 runtime exercisers .. you must have a MAP file.
The MAP file is produced by the DEC/X" configurator/linker.
It
is the symbol table which is generated at link time and saved
using the SAVM command.
(Please refer to the DEC/X"
User
Manual.> Without the MAP file the MOD command witl only accept
physical addresses as argunents, but if a MAP file has been
fetched using the GfT~ command, the MOO command will accept
module names (both f'K)f)itor and option module names) as argunents.

If you are going to modify the option modules of a particular
runtime exerClser, and if you wish to be able to type the option
module name and an offset value when using the conwnand, then you
must use the MAP file generated durlng the linking of that
particular RTf. This is because the nunber and order of the
option. modules in any RTf is unique. If you dontt have the
proper MAP file you will have to manually calculate the physical
address of the option modulets relative address and type that
value as the r-a> conmandts argunent.
On the other hand, for any given monitor type (A, 8, C, etc.),
the monitor modules are always linked in the same sequence. This
implies that it you are modifying the monitor section of an RTE
and wish to type the monitor module name plus an offset when
us i~ the KJO COfI'I'Mnd .. you need not have the MAP fi le for the
partlcular RTf you are modifying. Any MAP file tor the proper
monitor type wilt do. For example, if you are modifying the
monit\J" area of an RTE ot =- monitor type C, you may use any ~
fi le WhlCh waS generated when l ink.ing any RTE having monitor type
c. Similarly.. the address of MODO is also the same for every
monitor of the same type, so if the PATCH conmand prompts you for
the. address of f1lDQ, you may look at any map listing of the
proper monitor type to obtain the address.
It is important to remember that when a new release of the
nEe/X"
monitor library is issued, all MAP files generated from
the previous release of the library become invalid. They may not
be used when patching files generated with the new library_ New
~ ti les must be produced.
Suggested DEC/Xl1 Appl ication
lJhen a DEPO is issued for a DEC/X"
monitor MOdule" the patch
must be added to every r\lltime exerciser that is generated
containing that module (depending on tht mani tor type).
1f you
are
in an envirOfYMnt
in which you build many RTE·s
(manufacturing, tor example)" it is suggested that you build and
save an input table for every monitor type. These saved tables
can be added to and r.-saved every time a new. DfPO is issued.
After any ATE is built with th. configurator/l inker" simply run
this program" get the input table tor the ~roper monitor type,

"-_._-------------------------------_.- ----.----"---- .•.•- -.'"
...•~

....

.•...... ,. ....

----------- ------------------

II XXDP+ Sys tem User' s Mar-uat

II
I

)()([)P+ Utility Programs-- PATCH

add to the table any modifications that must be ",ade to the
option modules (using the MAP file it you wish) and then execute
the PATCH camnand.

-Error
.....-'- Messages
............. ...
.....

The fol L.Jwirlg is a list of all error

program:
") ADDRESS NOT FOLND

messages

The specified address does not exist as
input table.
')

printed by

this

an entry

the

read

th\~

CHE CI( SLI1 ERROR

A checkslIn error occurred
specified input file.

whi le

attempting

NEEDS ARGlJitENT
The cctmland typed by the operator requires an argument, but
none was given.

DELETE OLD fILE
The specified output filename atr'eady exists.

?
device error WHILE LOADING DRIVER fOR xx
? device error WHILE READING
") device error CW INPUT DEVICE
?
device error (t.J. OUTPUT DEVICE
?
device error DIRECTORY
The spec it ied devi ee error occured during the.· operat ion
indicated.
Possible device errors are: READ ERROR (error
occurred while reading a block of data), WRITE ERRM (error
occurred while wri t 1n9 a block of data) and HARD ERROR
(error occured during anon-transfe,.. operation).

END-or -MED 1~

While reading a file. the end of the file

before it was expected.

was encountered

') FILE NOT FOUND
The specified input filename does not exist.
fILE

roo Btu

Page 87

SEQ 0087

K ..,
PageS8

System User'<j Manu.al
xxDP+ litH it)' Programs .. - PATCH
~xt>p+

INPUT TABLE EMPTY
The specified COIMland cannot be executed because there are
no entries in the input table.

INPUT TABLE fUll

The input table is full and cannot accept anymore entries.
"

INVAL ID ADDRESS

An address given in the
(possibly an odd n~btr).

last cotMIand was not legal
Check the corMtand and re-enter

p"·operly.
~

INVALID COMMAND
The last cOI'M'tandentered was not a valid cOfM\and for tht
PATCH Util it). Ch~ck tht cOftifftand (especially spell ing) and
re-enter properly •

I NVALI D DE VI Cf
'The specified comnand dots nc" exist.

? INVALID FILE NAME
The specified filenalM' does not have tht correct format •
.,

I NVAl 10 r.JDut E NNE

A DEC/X11 module n~ was incorrectly specified •

INVAL IONl.le£R
The spec i fied ~r was not octal.

MODUlE NAMES NOT ALLOWED wJTHOUT f'tAP fILE

Tht oper.tor attempted to specify a module name in the MOO
comund without first loading the proper *P file.
?

~e ~

NOT FOlN>

sPftc.ified module nanw does not e.ist within theDECI>cl1
runt i:,.. .~.r(i ser •

';';,t)I

MUST Sf EVEN
Th. op4?r.stor attMlPted to

addrtss.
")

MUST 8E' OCTAL

sp." if)'

an odd

SEQ 0088

System User''3,~t
)(XDP. ui i U ty Programs -- PiAT(H
X)(ljP..-

NEED ~.R
The ope>raror Offtitted a n\.lr.(tric value from

@l<pect.d OM.
")

NO ()EVl(E Of FAUt 1S

NOT E~ ~ To LOAD OfUVER

The driver fer the

spec.ified

del/ice

aC(lfM\and

wH l

not

fit

that

into

~ry.

NOT F().N)

TOO BIG

th@ \I.-lue typed was tOO large for its intendedpurpOs ...

oP T1eN ~ E NAI'IE M) Tf 0lNt>
Tn. spec if ied oot ion moOutp do.s hot ex i st.

$PfCIF' DEVICE

Therf' is no dlffault for device 'in tht last c~.nd enterttd.
Specify the dE-vict.
"

SYNTAX ERROA
Ttl. last (~ was not formatted (orre(tly..
d9taUed a.scriJ)t ions in this ch.,ter.

Rf'h'r

lJ\jf '(PE CTH> fNO-of •., II E

End-of-f He indlcat ion w4\S
blo(ks .,.,... fOt..l'\d.

aU.

e.pe·( 'ted

Th. P1AP f He in mf'fII!IOry do.s not have thtJ sptJt i tl"d

*""UOI"

dett'tlfd

before

:'WRONG ~ , JIf FM flKW·J TOR TYPE
t~.

,. I;.·i~t'\<18Q
\.'\., .

~L'"

The o~,..~tor at tempted to ty~ a non-o·( ta l t)U'ttbE'r.

Page 89

M 7

XXDP+ System User's Manual
XXDP+ Utility Programs -- SETUP

--......................
Chapter 14

Page 90

SEQ 0090

SETUP

It is assuned that the reader has read Chapters 8" ..; and
is famil iar with the Diagnostic Runtime Service~ (DRS).

10 and

SETUP is an XXDP+ utiL ity that alLows the user to build the
hardware and software tab. les for a diagnost':c prior to running
the diagnostic and store the tables with the diagnostic.
SETUP
aLso canbines a special version of DRS with a diagnostic for use
with ACT and SLIDE. These are DEC manufacturing systems.
SETUP has the same memory requirements as ORS:5.75K words.
minimuY' size system that cun be used is 16K words.

The

To run SETUP .. use the XXDP+ run comnand. The first thing that
SETUP.will do is ask for the type of ~nvironment you are going.to
be uSlng. XXOP+ or ACT/SL1DE. Below 15 an example of startlng
SETUP for use in building)(XDP+ environment diagnostics. The
underlined portions are typed by the system •

•R SETUP

TAR'3E T ENV lRC'Nt1ENT :

SETUP is now ready to accept
conrnands in SETUP:
seTUP
LIST
EXIT

XX COP) OR AC (T) ?

conmands.

There

are

------ ------------ ------ -- ------

XX
only

three

build tables for specified diagnostic
type a list of DRS diagnostics on a medil.ln
return control to XXDP+

SETUP
The SETUP conYnand will cause the specified diagnostic to be
loaded into memory. SETUP will. then process the table building
code in the diagnostic.
The user will go through the same
process that would occur if actually runnlng the dlagnostic and
issuing a START command. Section 4 of Chapter 9 describes the
process in detail. The format of the corrrnand is:
SETUP Cdevo: lot i le=Cdevi : J ; file
where"
devo - device to which fHe is to be written;
system device; device must be on-line

default

of He -name of f He for the diagnostic that has been SETUP
devi - device frOM which fHe is to be read;
device; device must be on-tine

default is system

_--------------------------_. ---------------------------",,---_._

......

XXDP+ System User's Manual
XX{)P+ Utility Programs _... SETUP

Page 91

if He - name of file for the diagnostic that is to be SETUP
You may give the output file the samename as the input file, but
you wilt get a warning message if you do. This is to avoid
accidental loss of the orlginal flle. The message is:

DELETE ifile?

(Y/NICR=Y)

I t you type a ''V'' or no answer at all.. the input file "ifile"
will be deleted after the SETUP process and the new file will
then be wri tten. I f you spec i f ied the ACT erwi rOMent, the f He

·,..SAC,?,?SYS" will be appended to the output' tile. If you answer
.,.... to the Question . SETUP returns to prompt mode so that you may
enter a new conrnand.
LIST
The LIST conmand is used to obtain a list of all DRS-compatible
diagnostics on a medium. The format of the conrnand is:
LIST [dev:][file.ext]
where,
dev - device to search for DRS-compatible
the system device

files;

defaul t i s

file.ext - file(s) to search; extension must be 81N or 81C;
wildcard specifications are accepted; default is ·~.8I?··

I
!

L,_

._., ..

,,----------------------------------

" ' _...

SEQ 0091

XXDP+·System User·s Manual.

Page 92

)(X(.lP+ Utility Programs -- XTECO

Chapter 15

.............. -.- ...- ... -

>;TEeD

The )(TE(O (pronounced "ex-tee-co") utility is used to create and
(modify) text files.
Text fHes contain ASC.I1 data
representinq val id text. Val id text consists of al L printing
characters. ~ tab_ carriage return, line feed and form feed. The
prime text f) les inXXDP+ are batch contrpl (ena.in) fi les.
This
util ity. whic:h is a simple editor, is a l,mited subset of TEeO" a
character editor supported by most of DEC's operating systems.
The cCltf'Mands are few and simple, but adequate for the task.

edit

Before describing the comnands in detail, let's look at some
basic XTEeO concepts.
To XTECO, a te)t fiLe contains one long
string of characters sort of l ike beads on a string.
It
processes the file one char'acter at a time. The utit ity can only
have a certain nunber characters in memory,. so only a segmet't of
HIe string can be worked with any given time. There are spec ial
characters (carriage return and line feed) that act as signats to
XTECO to tell it when one line of text ends and another begins.
This allows the editor to manipulate lines of text as well as
characters.
The editor keeps track of where it is on the string
with a pointer. This pointer is manipulated by the various
coomands and 1S used by XTECO to locate where new text is to be
~Ldceci.tnd old text removed or modified.
This pointer "'',,3) be
rrlOved back and forth over the portion of the string in memory at
the ~ime .. but (~nnot go backwards into the porth:n of the string
already proce~;sed and placed into the new filE'. Thus the UStr
should lJr"lderstand two basic concepts:
text a!:~ a string of
characters and a pointer to locate the editor on that string.

1
I
I
It

As previously mentioned" only a certain se~nt of a text fil.e
may reside in memory at any given time. XTeCO processes f; les ilY
readi ng a segnen t from the input fit e into memory" do i ng any ed it
functions on that segment (as directed by the user) and then
writing the sepnt into the output fHe. This process continues
until. the entlre input file has been acted upon. In the case of
the'-rECO" coo(tland (see next section) where the input and output
file may have the same name and rt:sideon the same medium, XTFCO
creates a temporary output file which replaces the input tHe
after the edit process is cCltrIPlete.
Starting the Edit Process
user must do after starting XTfCO is to
the ~rocess of .diting text.
(XTeCO is started by
tyoing • ~ XTECO f. in response to the X)(OP+ Moni tor prOtnpt.) There
are three conwnands to do this.
The first thing a

initiate

TeXT - used to create a new fite
reco - used to modify a tile
ED,I1 - used to modify a fHe

SEQ 0092

~X[)P+ System user's Manual
XXt)P+ Utility Programs -- xlECO

Page 93

Each of the::;e (C1M'Iandsputs XTfCO into what is ca,lled Oledit
mode· '.
Wh it e in t his mode.. t ext info rma t ; on c an be c r-ea t ed "

deleted or modified. There is one difference between the EDIT
and
TEea cOf\1'Ytands~
The lEeD cOfMland may be used with
random-access devices (i.e., disks) only and the input filename
is all thdt is required. The output filename will be the same
as that of the input. file. An output. file is created during the
edit process and is used to repLace the input file aftercompletion of the edit process. The EDll conmand can be used
with any type of dEvice .. but the input and output devices must be
different <eithe,. different device types or different units of
the saMe type). The formats of these cbrlYt1ands are:

TEXT (devo:)ofile

TECO [devi:)ifile

EDIT tdevo:)ofile=[dev;:)iti:e

where,

devo - output device where the new fite is to be stored
ofi!.e - naMe of file for output
dev; - input device trotn which old fHe is to read
if He - nal'fte of input f ite

XTeen

A fter one of these three comnands has beem executed..
wi II
be in· 'edit mode" and wit t now isslJtl double Quotat ion mark ('''')

fora cOtWnand prompt instead of an asterisk. There are thirteen
convnands that are used in edit mode. These are l i<sted by type of

function in the following table.

~~----.-.----------,-~~_\----------'-------------------------------------

'1(XDP+ System Use,'s Manual
XXOP'. Utility PrograMS -- XTeCO

Page 94

---Edi..-tMode
.. Comnands
.....-.---,---~

Pointer Location
L ... move the pointer line by line
e - move the pointer character by character
J - move the pointer to the beginning of text
IJ ... move the pointer to the end of text
Search
S - search for specified string in text now in memory
N - search for specified string in remainder of text file
Modify/Display Text
T - type te)(t
D - delete characteres)
K - delete line(s)
I - insert text
A - append text to that currently in memory
Terminating Edit Mode
~~-~~~~~~~~~--~~~-~-~

EX - exit edit mode
All conwnands are terminated by two "al tmode" or '''scape''
The altmode or escape key is usually the
charac ters.
l eft -uppermos t key on DEC terminals. The character is echoed on
the terMinal as ''S'' and is shown as such in examples in this
chapter.
The following sec t ions explain each edit mode conmand in detail.
foUowing thisee)(planations. there is a sample edit session. In
exaMples where it is ittfOrtant to di.splay the position of the
pointer., a caret., ..... is used to designate the position within
the sample text. ThiS is for illustrative purposes only!
This
character is not used for this purpose in actual operat'ion.
Pointer Location

--..

L Conwnand
......

~,-

...

The L connand is used to move the- pointer on a line-by-tine
basis. A line of text is a string of characters between carriage
return/line feed sequences. (This sequence is J)roduced b:y t:yping
the "return'· key on tour terminal.) The pointer may be movea
either backward or forward any tlUftbe-r of lines in th~ text
currently stored in meMOry. The pointer is always pO$ition~d at

SEO 009't

E 8

XXDP+ System User's Manual
XXOP+ Utility Programs -- XTECO
the beginning of aline after execution of the
format of the convnand is:

L command.

The

[nJlSS
where n ;s an oPtiof)al argll'nent that specifies the direction to
move and the msnber of Lin(~s encompassed by the move. 1t is a
decimal nunber tl'lat is positive for forward motion and negative
for backward motion.
It it is not specified,"j" is assuned.
(The conmand is terminat~d by two altrnode or escape characters
which C'f"e echoed on the terminal by ''SS" as shown above.)
Followin.i are examples of the l conmand. In these exampLes, a
caret .. · •. , indicates the position of the pointer after execution
of each convnand. )(TECu's prompt (tt ") is also shown in the
examples.
rex t in Memory

Convnand

R lRLAA??
IF ERROR THEN
PRINT RlOl HAS HARDWARE PROOlEM
END

'tss

R ZRlA??

"'IF ERROR THEN
PRINT RLOl HAS HARDWARE PRoeLE~
END

"'R ZRlA??

• '2L$$

IF EF\ROR THEN
PP INT RLOl HAS HARDWARE PR()3LEM
END
R ZRLA??
IF ERROR THEN
APRINT RL01 HAS HARDWARE PROBLEM
[NO

C Corrr1'dnd

The C conmand
is used
to move
the
pointer ona
charac:er-by-character basis.
Lines are not recognized by this
comnand; the carriage return/line feed sequence is treated as
two character9. The pointer may be moved forward or backward any
nl.lYlber ot characters within the text currently stored in memory.
Tnt' format of the cOIMIand is:

[nJeSS
where n is an optional argt..lnent that specifies the direction to
move and tn.? nllnber of chara:: ters encompasst!'d by the move. It is
a decimal numb('r that is positive for forward motion and negative

Page 95

SEQ 009S

F 8

XXDP+ System User's ManuaL
XXDP+ Utility Programs -- XTECO

Page 96

for backward motion.
If itis not.;)pecified, "'" is assl..tned.
(The command is terminated by two al tmodes or escapes which are
echoed on the terminal as "$S" as shown above.)
The caret" ........
Following at'e e)'atnples ot the C convnand.
indicates the position of the pointer itfter execution of each
command. XTECO's prom~t ('''') is also shown in the examples.
COIMtand

;NEXT CcmAND WILL T"EST RP06
;ALL ERRORS WILL BE REPORTED
;NEXT CemAND 1.11 Ll TEAST RP06
;ALi.. ERRORS WIL BE REPORTED

I
I

Text in Memory

• 'CSS

• '- 3CSS

;NEXT CemAND WILLA TEST RP06
;ALL ERRORS '.JllL BE REPORTED

t'10C$$

;NEXT CCWAAO WILL TEST RP06 . .
;ALL ERRORS WILL BE REPORTED

"3(SS

;NEXT ((MI1AND WILL TEST RP06
;"'ALL ERRORS WILL BE REPORTED

I·

Please note the effpctof the carriage return/line feed

seQuence

on the execut ion 01 the last conYnand in the example above.
sequence counts as TWO characters.

The

J Co."MIand

The J cCJ"M\and is used to position the pointer at the beginning of
tex t current l y stored in memory. The format of the cOftWftand

all

is:

JSS

The r:cmnand is terminated by two attmodes or escapes which are
on the terminal as "s" as shown above. Following is an
example of the J COIW"\aOd. The caret" .." .... indicates the position
of the pointer before and after corM'Iand execution.
echoed

Initiat state;
R PROG1

R PROG2
R PRoo . . 3

After e)(eCul ion of the J command:

"R PROGl
R PROG2

R PROG3

L ___. . . ."l_..
-

·_._rl_··_ft._·. '_'4<1_",q_._ .._.._....;__._.'. . ,~_' .. ~.-. .;

_'_tJ._*Jit"_.",iiiM'!iI_"rAi*_M._···_,

'....

1*'Iz'j'i_.'lt;.t

A . . ~.i~>""-"c~_;_"
-..........

_ _ __

,. .. "110"~-'" ""~,"t"",,,,",<_"""i_,_'_'" ,'.,-,<~.,~""."",:,'.;-.,..,_",o H-_",~~, ....... ,.;.~;..,i •.

SE~

0096

G 8

XXDP· $ysten\ lIs@r's Martval
)(XDP+Utilit"1 Programs .... - )(~ECO

Page 97

SEQ 0097

1) (OtN!\and
Tht ZJ command is used to position the pOlnter after
currentLy in memor)'. The format of the convnand is:

all

text

ZJSS
The conwftand is terminated by two attrnodes or escapes which art'
echoed on the terminal as ·"SS" as shown above. Fvllowing is an
example of the 1J com"\and.
The car@t.. t.A .... indicates the
pos it ion of the .pointer befor. and after comnand execut ;0,",,,
Initial state:

4R PROG1

R P';'OG2

R PRCG3

After execution of the 1J conrnand:
R PROG1
R PROG2
R
PROG3
Ii'

The S c~and causes the editor to sear',h for a specified str'ing
of characters in the text currently stored in memory_ Searches
take place if" the forward direction only.
The $~arch encOMt>asses
the text in memory only. The fortnat of the c~nd is ~

SstringSS
where "string" lS the characterseQ\jence

to search fo·r.
This
string May consist of any ~r of ".lid characters .. including
L~b .. carriage return and line feed.
ftt. (cmnand i) terMinated br,
two al tmodes or escapes which are e(hoed on the teNftir'\at as ·'SS ·
as shown above.

I
1

I
I

The editor will search 'through teKt in mMOry ~ start ;"9 f rOM thE'
current point." pas i t ;00_ unt it either a matCh is found or thE'
end of tex t . is encountered. An .rror fMo$Sa~ 's pr i nt4Pd if. a
MatCh is not found.
The pointer is positloned AFTER the string
fOtJfld by the ,earch or after all text in memory if
no match is
mttde.
(The user may reposition th.poi",t.r to the bt-ginning of
te!(t in fM'mOry after a failed search by u.sing the J (~nd .. )

The

caret.

.....

f
I

I
t,
L-.",~"*,,*,,,
____,,_·_._.. _._.1iII_~"""'''' .._ _ _u _ _._·

11'_,_,,_.

'V__
"C'\'_I'

_·w·.....,_
... iIY'~~~~~,...'""~~,'_"'"""~. . . . .'.: . . . """'..~;;;.._,~.,J(;:,i'."._, -,',..."'~, ....;,'W";h.;',,..l,~,<~',l'-

""''tti'f_''t''•__
. "'_ _ _
" _ _ _ _"""'1
.. . _ ...........
"
__
lII_Ii
...
_ ·..
'

••• ,,,'

.~'\,'.'.~,"""'"',.

\,.

~)(DP+

H 8

System User's Manual

XX,DP. ut Hi ty Programs -- XTfCQ

indicates the POStlo" of the pointer after execution of each
cOl'tV'nand. XTECO's prompt ( .... ) is also shown in the examples.

Tel( tin Memor y
"R UPD2

PIP DXO:=D.2:*.8IN
EX! T

''S[»(1S$

R UPD2
PIP OXO:=C»(2:*.8IN

EXIT"
"J$'

''$Dx2'$

"R uPD2

P1P DXO:=DX2:*.8IN

EXIT
R UPD2
PIP DXO:=DX2 A :*.8IN
EXIT

In the above example, the first search failed.

print an error Message:
-1'4OT f DUND:

The ecHtor

wOI..Jld

DX 1

The N ccmnand has the effect of a 'han-stop" S cMr\'tand.
It is
e.xac t ly like the S c~and .. except that it wi t l search through
all rl!fftaining text;n it fHe .. if the editor fails to find .a
match for the specified string within the text currently in
memory, it will write the text in memory into the output file and
br ing more text. in from the input fi leo This process (ant i~$
unt H either a match is found or the ent ire input fHe has been
checked.
ThE!' J catrnand may not be us@d to recovet frM a failed
searCh if that search caused the section of text that you Started
from to be writt.n to th@ output fi le. In this case. the use,"
frkJst exit edit mode and re-fmtt>,. with tht previous output fHe as

inJ)Ot ..

.--..-.- ..•,--_._-,.-------

Modify/Display Te.t

The T c~nd h u!.t>d to typ' text on the tonsL'>lta terminal...

the
text typed iSrf'tculv(' to the posHion of tht pointer in the tt)(t
current {y stor.o H'~ fMfnOr),.
Typ fng 's l ine-by-line and any

t'r

••

Page 98

SEQ 0098

I"'tlIftber

of lines before or after the (urrent pointer position may
A line of text is a string of ,h..racters betw..n
carriage return/line feed sequences. (This seqt..l(tnce is produced
by typing the "return·· key on your terminal.) 1 f the ~ointer is
pos it ioned wi thin • line o·f text, typing will startlcone tude at
the pointer pos i t ion (see examples). The format of the cOfMIand

be typed.

is:

(nJTSS
where n is an optional argunent that s~cifies the f'l\.IIber of
LiMS to be typed and whether the lines preceed or follow the
current pointer position.
It is a decimal nuwber that is

POsitiveff

preceed it.

the lines tollow the RO,nter and negative if the
If n is not specified, ., • is asslINd. The (""",and

terminated b)' two altmodes or escapes which are ec~d on the

terminal as ·'S·a5 shown above.

n-,ere is also a spec tal form of the T canand which wft t cause
all text currently stored in fMlMC)ry to be ty~d_ r ..gardl.ss of
the posit ion of the pointer. This cCWWMnd 15:·"'1".
Following are eXaMPles of the T COftWhnd. The caret, •....... in the
sample te~t indicates the poSition of the pointer" MTECO's
prompt ( •••• ) is also shown in the examples.

First sample text:

;BATCH CCJ4TROl. fILE FOR TeST ING THE 0111

"R lOlA??

R 1018??
;END OF 0111 TEST1NG
C~

T.)(tTy~d

"TS$

R lOlA??

'~TS'

R lOlA??
R 1018??

;8ATCH CCWTROl rILE FM TEST1NG THE 0111

.t-1TSS

Second s~l. text:
R PAOG1
R PAO·G2
R PAOG3
C~

''TSS

't... , TSI

"or$'

• .... 111

'@'

•

F' ,

••

P4lge 99

SEQ 0099

)()(OP+ System User's ~Jal
)(XDP" Utility Programs -- XiECO

Page 100

D C~d
Th@ D cOlfrlnand is us:ed to d@tete char,;}ct@rs trQTI the text in
mremory. Any r\U9'lber of characters~ either preceeding or following
the current pointer position, m.y he deleted. Tnt fo,.",.·1:ot the
(~and

is:

[nJOSS
where n is an optional argllle'nt that specifies the nt.mbp.rof
characters to be deleted and whetner the characters preceCfd or
foUow the curre~t pointer position. It is a decimal~r that
is positive if the characters follow the current point.,. position
and i So negative if they prec e4td it. If i t i S ootsJ)tc i fi ed.. '1'
is.assl.fftred. Th. c~ is~erminated b'y two altrftOdes.or escapeS
wtn eh ar" .cho4td on the ternuna 1 as "SS' as shown above.
I

following are examples of the [) coranand.. . Ttle caret, .• """,
irtdi cates the pos it for. at the pointer. )(fECO' s pr'QMpt ( " f ) is
also shown if) the exaenples.

Text in ~ry
; C~...f'tfNT LINE IN BATCH C(WTROl filE
• '40SS

; (~A

• '-.30S$

; ... LINE IN' BATCH (CWfAOl fILl:

· nls

;AllNE IN BArCH c~rROl fHf

lINE IN BATCH (CWTROlf Jtf

s u ...d to dt~lpt(l ti~$ ct text frl'W'n th.f' tf"d
in memory_
A. line of teJl(t is .. string of ,"at'a(tet"$
bet~ c.rr iOgE-returnll ine fe·ttd !H!"QUElOces.
Ohis s.~. is
Th@ K (~

stored

II
t

produced by . typingt"" "retur,," tI@)' on. your. tem'n.l.) t>.tf'tion
Of a. l i~ inc It..••, . the .. del.~ ion 91, th4f te. ,.,.inat 1ng (.~ri.9('
rt'turn/t 1M f~ se~n(. 1n add' t 1ontO thlt chara<:tf1r$ 1nth@
I 1M. My ~r of l irws may be dttletttd .. it".,.. preciftdlrlg Or
following th~cuj rent .pOsition of th.po,nt.er. lfttwooi"t.r is
po~p t hNtd within., l iN!' .. rot at l of the
t in.t witt ~ deltned
(is." ••
thatfoHowL. Tn. fo,..t (Jf th.(~ is:

...,t.s.

(nJkS$

SEQ ()100

xxDP. SylStM Us.r·s~t

XXOP. Ut i l i ty ProgrdllMS .... ... T€ (0

SEQ

._en....

FO\ l('.)Wing .,. • • )(f"?lf'!rOf theK (~ ... Th. ,.r.t~
1~d i cate,.
f)OS H i.()f') of the poit'lt.,. 6ft •.r tt'l4t eX(lcut ian of ••

(~.

tn.

XTfCO's pf'~t ('''')

):'.($0

s,nown lntht •• allQtes"

Tf'. t i nlJllltMor 1

...

: S T,~r Of CONtROl FllE

'R PROGl

R PROG.~

R PROG4
; EN{) Of fll e
;ST~TOf
"R·~

CONTROl fH.E

R PROG-~

R PA(Y,...A
:f~ ()f , ItE

· ·. . 1~'1

"A PA.oc...2

R·~·S
~~

:EM>Qf F Jt.E

4R~

;eM) 01 '1 L£

ft P".A0(,4
; £.NO 01 FH.,E
RP- ; EN) Of , fl.!

f,.

tn.l (~ it \A;fHI to' i"'~f!,.t Hh t •• t.
f •• t
'i1 '~'.f'lH
the. tutf...,t . p(.~f"t."po'H h.~"
. '...pOirlt.· ..• H ~ .....
go
..... . '* ~ t •. ·~...
. . . . .. .4l. '.
tn........ .~...'... ttl. •.1, t.. ·~c tIIJ!IlO ~tt 1or. of
tM~"".f'lion~

_ft.,..

. .·.
n. f.,.,..·, of t."
thif (~ ,,~

It.-ttl

"$." 'fl#. 'hf" t.:fi; t N , (; QnlHU
""t t'. t1f"(~.
ttl', .~ .at ~
." lnt ina
'f'"* ttb. c.,.,i..,...."9h,"',
hW fftd
,...., n-.· (GIl."" ,', t .... fnat.o "two •• f-"-' C l ' f ' l t . ' ~""

. , . . . , •• f" .~, tM tt~tta. __~
of*", "tlh:l ..t ••'~: .("""~t't' ~
(Mt~

",~

XXDP+ System User's Manual
XXDP+ Ut il i ty Pr09r~s -- XTECO

are echoed on the terminal as ''$S'' as shown above.
Following are examples of the I ccmnand.
The caret. "'"
,!')dilates the position of the pointer after execution of each
ccmnand. for purposes of illustration.. line terminators are
depicted in these examples.
The return typed by the user is
represented as "<RET>'·'. The two charde ter sequence generated b)'
the return and stored in the text is represented as H<CR><lF)' •
XTE CO' s pr~t ( ••• ') is a l so shown in the exampl es.
I,

Text in Memorl

COfMlclnd

R UP02<CR><LF>
tlIPlP$$

R uP02<CR><LF>
PIP"

R UPD2<CR><LF>
PIP DKO:=DK1:<CR><lF>

'1 OkO:=DK1:<RET>
SS

- ..... - ........

--,-_......

FILE DK1:=OK":<CR><LF>
fILE DK1:=OK2":<CR><Lf>

"J2$$

A Convnand
The A convnand is used to increase the amount of text stored in
memory.
This is done by reading the next section of text frOlft
the input fi le and "appending" it to the text already in c'Ore.
YOU may append as many sections of text as memory size limits
allow. The format of the cOIMUlnd is:
ASS

The combined sections of text in memory are treated liS
section by the previously described ,onmands.

a single

Page 102

SEa 0102

XX,()P+ System User's Manual
XXDP+ Utility Progr_s -- XTECO

SfQ (HO~

Terminating Edit ""de
----".
............. ..................._-... _'

EX Cc:mnand

EX$S

COMbining fdit C~ds

...
<: Jtn bl; (cnI) i f'IIId int(.1 aS1 ng hI $ t t i hg ;

•.. rES rsots TIS

'1' •.,.. ';;' '':.t''. u~ •. ,·t '~l
~v,rl,

lit.: I. l(,. ..Jrogr~ ...... .fEt'O
t~

1.1$0." the \{;,riousways Of h...-dt. ing xtfCQ.
In t1'WS., " ••"cdes.
...,..,-t h\'lid t •• t ,sthclt Wh ich "S typed. b,,..TECO..At

appropri"teLocat i~s ~
ia '5 i "t~....

aMd. $·~.d<l

(~ntl

h..... bP.....

f~h~for " . - "

Thcts.c --.nt s are ent{csed i'l ,.,....'. b,..c~,t ItS (fJ'
not b4t c~fused! "it"t" act.... ' df.t~ C:bat is

t4"dngpllK.Mt~

ute,. ·and ·soft..-,....

$iJlpt"M8thod 101' C,.•• ting .. '.~t f -! te
__'__
••.,,'.'.....
_".~""""_'_'''':_''-

'';''_iWt_,.~'_i.'',''',,,,,,,,,_,,,._:

...

(".,;ging an f~ ist i~ ret.!'i t •

.............-_I11III\...'......'._--.......... _. .,.'. .

•

8 .9
XXDP. S·ys tefn User' $ Manual
xxCP.Otility Programs -- XTECa

Use of Combined Edit Comnands
--_
..._.... _- ..'._----".;.--.-.....---...

•R )(TECO
-EDIT DL1:TEST1~CCC=TEST.(CC
...
(EDIT TEST . eee, WHICH IS CJ'I THE SYSTEfI'I
De'll CE, Ni). PLACE THe EDITTED OUTPUt
INTO A FILE CALLED TEST1. eec ONOL 1.]
(SEARCH fOR "PAS:·' AM> TYPE LJNE)
• NPAS:SOTTSS
RES/PAS: 1
(DEL£Tr..,.XT"'CHAR AND INSERT ''2'')
·1[)12S0rTSS
RES/PAS.:2

'txss
*EXIT
•

- -

...

Page 105

sea 0105

.r.

Tn.,..• •re th,.•• XfECOc:OIIfNIndI th.t .,.. not
te.t Ii le tditting.
Th.,e (~,
convi"'i~( ••

ret,.ttd to

provtdeCl

fOt

.(tUta"

US'."

lVP( ..-.dPR tNT
The tyPE and· PRINT C~$ ....e "'tied to print tt.t fi t.,on 1M
console te,..inal M\d ,linepf'inttf" r.,pecth,et'y..
ft••,
equi".lent to the uP02 c~s of tM , ... n.... '

'f'.

EXIT
_.....

o 9 Pap 107

XXDP+ System User's Manual
)(XDP+ Device Drivers
PART V -- XXOP+ Device Orivers

.......
Chapter 16

.......... ..

-~-

Oevices Supported

supports most mass storage devices.
In addition it
supports some non-file-structured devices such as paper tape.
The following table lists all devices supported the mnemonic
used to specify the device and the name of the monitor and driver
files. The tt??" charac ters in the file name refer to the
revision and patch level which may vary over time.
Mnemonic Monitor Driver
Device

XXDP+

--_ .... _..

Tu60
RP04/5/6
TUSS
RKOC;
RlO1/2
RK06/7
RP02/3
RM02/3
RS03/4
OECTAPE
RX01
Rx02
lOW SPD PT
PRINTER
TM02
TS04

----....._-CT
OS
DD

OJ<

OL
OM
OP
OR
OS
OT
OX
OY
KB
LP

,..MS

MT
PO
HI SPO PT RO PP
LOW SPO PT PT
HI SPD PT RO PR

TE10
PDT11

--......
HMCT??

....

HMDS??
HMOD??
HMOK??
HMOl??
HMO,.,??
HMOP??
HMDR??
HMOS??
HMOT??
HMDX??
HMOY??

---

~??

HI'ft1S??
..... T??
H"f'D??

---

.. ---....

HDCT??
HDOS??
HOOD??
HOOK??
HDDL??
HODM??
HOOP??
HDDR??
HODS??
HOOT??
HOOX??
HOOY??
HOKB??
HOlP??
HDf1"??
HDMS??
HOMT??
HOPO??
HOPP??
HOPT??
HDPR??

All drivers assune that the CSR address for the device is the
standard address as given in the Peripheral Handbook. If you
have a system with a device at a non-standard addre$s~ you can
modify location 24 in the driver using uPD2 or uP01. (The CSR
address is stored in location 20 01 the monitor.)

SEQ 0107

-----_._---_.._. __._--

r •

E 9

XXDP+ System User's Manual
XXDP+ Device Driv.rs
.... _--_ ...........
Chapter 17

...............-- .....

Page 108

SEQ 0108

Driver Error Messages

XXDP+ device drivers are, by necessity, small and limited in
function.
They can 'detect and report three types of errors:
read .. write and hard. These errors are reported anJ control is
returned to the utH ity being used. The util ity thp.n takes any
further action reQuired. Since the functionality of the drivers
1$ limited, the user is required to run diagnostics on the device
in Question if an error persists.

I!
I

I'---------------------------------_._--_._--_.

-""

.......-

---.- -

r-.----~--------··-

-,---.-~ --,--,-~,-.--~.-.-.,-------~.--~

. .--.-.

-~,-~-

F 9

i xXOP+ System User's Manual
Building XX£)P+

. . .,. . . .-.-.,-. .-. . . . .,. . . . . . _.,.
-.~-.~-

Page 109

SEQ 0109

PART VI -- Building XXDP+
-. .... ---. ..... -.-

...... -

Chapter 18

Monitor and Required Files

The mlnlmun files that must be put on a bootable XXDP+ mediLm are
the monitor for that mediun, the device driver for that mediLfn,
the DkS (file name: HSAA??SYS) and the directory utility (file
name:
HUDI??SYS)' The monitor file (see Chapter 16 for names)
must be loaded by UPD2 and then saved on the mediun using either
the SAVM or SAVE commands.
These· cotmlands are described in
Chapter '11.
The SAVM convnand is used for random
access
<disk-type) devices.
The SAVE comnand is used for sequential
acc.ess (tape-type) devices. The remaining files may be put onto
the medium using any UPD2 file transfer commands.
Examples (Rx01 and TE10):
.R UPD.?
uM
?")
-LOAD nnDX
..• S YS *SAVM DXO:
-FILE DXO:=HDDX??SY~
*FILE DXO:=HUDl??SYS
.FILE DXQ:=HSAA??SYS

!
t

i
I.
[
t

!
;

!
\

--EX!T

.R UPD2
*LOAD ..,.,T??SYS
-SAVE MTO:Hft'PlT .. SAV
*PIP MTO:=HDMT??SVS
-PIP MTO:::;HUOI??SYS
.. PIP MTO:=HSAA??SYS
-EXIT
The process described above places the MIN1I'1tr-t XXDP+ system on a
medit..m. You may add as many other system components (drivers and
utH ities) as you wish. Don't forget to modify location 1000 in
the meni tor if you will be us ing a srs tem that ;s on 50Hz power.
(location 1000 must contain a 0 for 60Hz and a 1 for 50Hz.) The
next chapter describes a batch control fHe that builds media
automatically.

I
I

I
l

I
I

I
!

l , - "_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _" _ _

___ ._ _

,.,~

_ _ _ .. _ , _ _
.
_ , ...... _ " ". . . . . . .

'. . . . -

r --'~---·--···-·---·-"-·-----

. .,. --" ,-""

,....,...~

,_._--< ,--

-"--~~,,'

____ . . . . . . .
.~~_·

._'t,. ·' ....'_._"''' _ _ ... _._~''''' ......."•. _,,_ .. ' .... ~_H_.,'...,'-.~.,~_,.~"_

G 9

XXl)P+ System User's Manual
8uilding XXCP+

Page 110

Update I( it s

Chapter 19

.... - ....................... -

There is a batch controL fiLe that ""ill update/build XXDP+ ~dia
automatically. The file is called XXBLD.CCC. To start (he fite,
u$:e the chain convnand. The file accepts switches that specify
the media. type to build and the mode in which to build. All
supported XXDP. media may be built. The media being built are
always assl..l'lYfted to be mounted in drive (unit) 0 of the device and
that the dri~e is ready and write-enabled.
The format of the
command line for starting the build process is:
C XXBLD/device(/modeJ

where ..

the mnemonic for the device to be bui l t/updated:~'
Supported devices and their mnemonics are listed in chapter
16. If no device is specified, a short help messagE!' will
be printed.

device -

mode - manner' in whicn to build/update.

DRIVER

MONITOR
VT lL ITY

SYSTEM

Available modes are:

a boatabLe medh.rn with all XXDP+ drivers
a boatable mediun with all XXDP+ monitors
a boo t ab l e med i un wi t hall XXDP+ u t it it; e s
a combination of the above three modes

I f no mode is specified, a bootable mediun is built.
A
bootable mediLln consists of a bootable monitor image" the
runtime services" the directory util ity" the driver for the
med i un and UPD 2.

E)tcept in the case of sequential devices (e.g.; . ma9tape), the
mediun is not changed except for the replacement/addltion of the
new XXDP+ components specified by the mode switch. You may want
to back up files that are critical however. Sequential media are
destroyed. There is a warning message given and the user is
given the opportunity to abort the process.
To obtain help while
following cOtM'land:

running

the

update

C XX8lD/HELP

batch

job,

use

the

SEQ 0110

H 9

System User" s Manual
8atch Control
XXDP+

Page " 11

SEQ 0111

PANT VII -- Batch Control (Chaining)

Intro0u tion to Batch Control

Chapter 20

XX[JP+ has a facility for running programs without operator
intervention called batch control or chaining. The commands that
wouLd normally be iSSJed by an operator are put into a text file
(usin~ XTECO - Chapter 15) and the monitor processes the cOIM\ands
in thl!::' fi le rather than requir'ing an operator to enter each
cQllYnand m<:'nually. Once a batch control file has been created, it
can be used ~verand over again.
The batch control process
releases the op~rator from having to do repetitive tasks such as
building new media or running a ccmnon set of diagnostics.
More
importantly.. batch control allows a user to deveLop a test
strate9Y and use the strategy consistently.
This ;s done by
selectlng the prOJ:.er diagnostics and running them in a particular
order and mode to achieve the best test process.
Oncf: the
process is developed .. it is put into a batch control file.
Older versions of XXDP and XXDP+ had ver'/, limited batch control
services.
Essentially the user could 'chain" together a series
of run ccmnands which would run various diagnostic programs, such
as:
R PROGl

R PROG2
R PROG3
The user could intermix comnents that would be printed as the
chain was processed.
This primitive process was adequate for
not
adequate
for more
most simple procedures, but was
sophisticated operations su~h as the update kits described in
Chapter 19.
now contains a fairly sophisticated set of batch control
functions listed below.
These are described in this chapter.
Techniques for using these functions "0 run diagnostics and
utititles are descrlbed in subsequent chapters.

XXDP+

Batch Control Functions
Monitor Commands

mon; tor cOIM\ands:

R.. l, S, C and E)

Utility Commands

uP02, SeTUP, etc.

DRS Commands

all DRS convnands and diagnost'c dialogue

'----------------------------------------------_.,'-,.

,''-'-"'''""''''''''''''''

XXDP+ System user's Manual
Batch Control

Page 112

SEQ 0112

can be
operator

conditionals

sections of the batch
file
processed conditionally under
control or runtime conditions

GOTO tag

begin processing at another section of the
batch file designated by "tag·'

QUIET

inhibit printing of batch file if printing
or enable printing
if printing w~s
inhibited previously

temporary ove,'r i de a fQUl ET

SMI/CMI

enable/disable
manual
intervention
operations in specialized diagnostics

QUIT

terminate the batch operation

WAIT

stop batch operation until
types a Control X

the operator

Monitor Commands
Certain of the monitor commands described in Chapter 6 can be
used in a batch control file. They are the R.. L.. S, C and E
conrnands. There are two functions which are different when used
~der
batch control instead of operator control. first, the R
{Run> Corrrnand has a pass switch for use with diagnostic programs
The diagnostic tnay be run a
which are not DRS compatible.
certain m.lftber of passes by us ing the swi tch as shown:
R D.1AG/5
DIAG will run 5 passes before the batch operation continues 00.
The C (Chain Command) may be used in a batch file with one
restriction.
Batch operations can be nested one level only.
That is .. a batch file tnay start another batch file and then
continue after the second file has been processed. but the second
batch file may not start another (third) file.
With these exceptions .. the monitor conwnands function under batch
control as they would under o~erator control.
Utility Commands
The commands tor various XXDP+ ut it it ies may
c~trol

operations.

be used
Chapter 22 details this function.

in batch

DRS Commands
.....
., ...... --- ........

'-------------------------. -----------------------

.............

~,--.. ..-,..''''''''~~--. ... ..''''.'''...... .......,~".,,~..
, '",

'''''-''. ,""'.,.,.

XXDP+ Syst~ user's Manual
Batch Control

Page 113

SEQ 0113

All of the DRS convnands de'scribed in Chapter 9 .. including all
switches and flags.. can be used in a batch control file. All
dialogue that wouldnoNftally take place between an operator and a
D~S
diagt)Ostic can also be placed in a batch control fHe.
Chapter 21 describes this function.
Conditionals
Sections of a batch control file can be processed or not
processed.. based on either operator input or certain conditions.
There are three conditional statements.
1. IF condi tion THEN
statement(s)
END
2. IFERR THEN
statement(s)
END
3. IFlMD n THEN
statementCs)
END
If the condition specified ;s true, the statements between the
THEN and END statements will be processed. If the condition is
faLse, these statenwnts wi II be ignored.
The conditions used in the first type of statement are ASCU
character strings which are detined by the person writing the
batch file and used dS switches by the operator. for ex~le ..
suppose a person is writing a batch file for runn~ng UPl>2 and
doing some file ~rations. If a part of the process requires
the presence of an RXOZ on the system, there would be a need for
the operator using the batch tite to be able to specif¥ whether
or not there was an RX02 present. The batch file wrlterwould
define a conditional section of the file as shown below.
IF RX02 THEN
statement(s)
l

EM>

The condition ''RX02'' is now used by the operator as a switch to
the Chain comnand:
C FIlE/RX02
The MOnitor stores the string of .characters for comparison with
the conditions in the batch file. There is only one pre-defined
switCh and the writer is free to create a~ other he or she
desires.
The pre-defined switch is "/OV' (quick verify) which
causes diagnostics to be run one pass only. Any nUMber of
switches may be used in a command.

II
j

I
I

i
I
!

System User's Manual
Batch Control
~XDP+

The second typ~ of conditional. statement can be us~dwith
DRS-type diagnostics only. If a test error was detected by the
last DAS-type diagnostic that was run in the batch file.the
statements wilL be processed.
third typ~ of conditional uses the media-type byte;n
physical location 41. If the typ" code matches the one specified

rlle

in th~ conditional Ch"); the statetnents will be processed.

GOTO
The GOTO statement is used to trans fer control within a batch
control file.
When the monitor encounters a GOTO statement, it
searches for the specified tag and resl..tl\es the batch process at
th~ sta.ternent fol towing the tag.
A tag is an atPh.an~ric string
terminated by a colon C·: I') • The tag May cccur before or after
the GOTO statement in the batch file.

of the GOTO steatement:

The following are example~

TAG1:
R PROGl
GOTO TAGl

GOTO TAG2

TAG2:
R PROG5

In the first ex~le, the batch process wit l lco~ backwards until
interrupted by tn. operator. In the second example .. control will
be transferred forward to TAG..?
Any stat~nt$ betw••n the 0010
stattl'frlent and the tag are ignQred.

QuIET
Tht' OCJlETstatentent is used to cotttrol typin.Q of the batch fit".
The statM@nt is used like a • .. ·flip... flop·. The first ti_ the
stat~t is encountf'red, all
typlng h s~re$s.d (with tht
exception of error mf"~sages.>. the next t j1M; tis encournered"
~YP~!'i . is reeryabled.
fhe third t lme 1t is encountered" typirlg i~
ttl" 1blted

ag.. ,n and so on.

PRINT
The PRINT statemetH is used to force the typing of a l iMotte.t
while typing is inhibitIPd b)f th. OUHT stateMet'lL the forft'tcU of
the stat~nt is:

Page 114

SEQ on",

XXl)P+ Sy$t~m User's Manual
Batch ControL

PRINT text
The te)(t on the same t ina as the PRINT will be typed.

SMi/eM!
The SM.l and eMI statements are used to enable and dLsable

manual

intervention modes in DRS-type diagnostics. Normally aU. testl.'ng
that requires maoualintervention by an operator are inhibited
during batch control operations. These statements at low this to
be m.er-ridden. Obviously caution is suggest~d when USing this
f(tature.
SMI - set tallow) manual irtervention
CM) - c lear {don't allo.,} mllnuat intervent ion
CMI IS thedefaul' state wtul'n a batch job is started ..

QUI T
H)C~

batch job is i~diately ~HOPPf'dwh..n .• OUJT .-;tateMnt
Ttlt? IftOt"I itor retuN'S to normai aperat.or mode.

encountered.

WAIT
Whltn II W4tT stateMnt is e1')(ountered. the
monitor
~t~s
processing the baHh tHe and waits for the ()p4trator to t.ype ...
(TRL-X (t~ by dt-pr.ssing the (TRL and X keys togeth.,".
rhh

'is typ1cally us4Kf lnconj""<:tion with ~l inttrytntiO'\ f."n,t

as shown in tM .~...,le below.

PAlH' THE NEXT 01A~Sn(RfQUIRfS n~f.

PR 1NT SeRA TCH ME 0 JlJIIII BE IfIIICl.fIT ED fN THE' At. 01/02 •
PR IN1 tyPE ".X .tt£N READY
\',4IT
.~

lRLA??

ft.. .,.
r~st.H t be- t''"'"''
f\.~ bltf>"\~"\V()/II."'d"

f~t$ NY H ptacH ,n thfo baH" f
th. f i l..iS prOC.f1ssedunl.'$ QUfE r
(~f'\t$

art' strings of t,•• tthat st,.rtwH·h " s_~(ol.Of\.

;, fHENf)( T PROGRAM rES' $ f f.t 01'"
RIOle ' ~
: A\f4 fHfDIA(A)S r1 (

Page 115

N 9

XX[)P+ System User's Manual
Batch Control

Page 117

SEQ

Batch Control of Utilities

Chapter 22

Most of the ~~or+ utilities may be used undp.r batch control. The
utilitif\s which are batch controlable are: UPD2, SETUP .. and
PATCH. To run a util i ty under batch controL simply create a
batch file that contains all of the commands that would normally
be e~te"ed by an operator. For example .. to build a., RX01 floppy
diskette for XXOP+ using uPD2 under batch control:

R UP02

LOAD :ft)X??SY~
SAVM 0)(0:
F1LE OXO:=HSAA??SYS
FllE OXO:=HUD1??SYS
F1LE DXO:=HDDX??SYS
EX]T
Note that the dialogue with uPD2 must end with an EX1T command in
order to finish the batch job or to allow further batch
functions

L,_ _ _ _ __

-------_._--_._-_._.__...

_"--,,,",,

...

''''''''''''

on 7

B 10

XXDP+ System User's ManuaL
Appendices

Page 118

SEQ 0118

PART VIII -- Appendices

Appendix A

XXDP+ Secondary Bootstraps

To be supplied ln future revisions.

Appendix B

Bootstraps

To be suppLied in future revisions.

!
!

L.,_ _ _ _ _ _.__.____. ~ 4'".~
4_........ •.

•. , •.• , ••.•.

C 10
XXDP+ System User's Manual
Appendices

Page 119

SEa on9

.... --- ... -..-.....

Appendix C
Man; tor Comnand s
run a program
load a program
start a program
run a batch job (chain)
lis t d i ret tory of load med i """
set the terminal f ill count
enable alternate system device
type help information
run batch file: SYSTEM.CCC

R
L
<:
(

F
E
H

TEST

Df\S Conrnands
........................... -_ ........
Execution
START
RESTART
e(,NT lNUE

start the diagnostic and initlol lze
start diagnostic and do not initiaUze
continue
diagnostic
at
test
that
interrupted by a A(
continue from an error halt

was

PROCEED
Units Under Test
activate a unit for testing
ADD
deactivate a unit
DROP
print a list of device information
DISPLAY

_Flags
........ - ..
FLAGS

ZFLAGS

print status of all flags
reset all flags

Statistics

print statistical information
Exitting~·-

EXIT

_... --- ..- ....

•

return to XXDP+ runtime monitor

\....-_------------------------------------------..

-,~--.'''~,.-

o 10

XXDP+ System User's Manual
Appendices

PagEA 120

SEQ V' 20

DRS Convnand Switches
................- ....................... ., ...........- ..

ITESTS:test-list
IPASS:ddddd
IFLAGS:f Lag-L .: st
IEOP:ddddd
IUNITS:unit-list

execute onLy the tests specified
execute ddddd passes (ddddd .: 1 to 64000)
set specified flags
report end-of ....pass after each ddddd passes
(ddddd = 1 to 64000)
command wi II affect only spec i fied units

DRS Flags
fLag

Effect

HOE

hc I. t on error - control is returned to runtime
services ~ommand mode
loop on frror
inhibit « II error reports
inhibit, II error reports except first level (first
l eve l ( )nt a i ns error type.. m.rnber.. PC.. tes t and
unit)
inhibit extended error reports (those called by
PR lNTX (lac ro' s)
d i rec t ,nessages to line pr ; nter
~rint .est nunber as test executes
be Ll' on error
unatt mded mode (no manual intervent ion)
inhit it statistical reports (does not apply to
diag'lostics
which
do
not support statistical
repc.rting)
inh bit program dropping of units
exe'ute autodrop code
lorp on test
ex~cute
evaluation (on diagnostics
which
have
elaLuation support)

LOE

lER
l8E

IXE
PR I

PNT
BOE
UAfw'I
lSR
lOR
ADR
LOT
EVL
UPDl

(cmnand~

---------_....... _CLR

LOAD

MOD

XFR

HICORE
LOCORE

DU"IP

DEL
BOOT

clear UPD1 program buffer
~oad a program
modi fy f He image in memory
set transfer address
set upper memory limit for dump
set lower memory limit for dLInP
duonp a program 'image
deLete a flle
bootstrap a device

'----------------------------------------------_._------ __ __...._..... _-•.

............." .. _ .......... .

E 10
XXDP+ System User's Manual
Appendices
UPD2 Commands

._ ... -- ..... -_.-,.- ...........

File Manipulation
~----,-,.,-,-.,..

...------...

give directory ot specified medh.tn
transfer a file or files
transfer a file or files
delete a file or files
rename a tile

DIR

PIP
FILE
DEL
REN

File Modification
---~~-~~------~-~

clear UPD2 program bufter
Load a program
modify tile image in memory
set transfer address
set upper memory limit for dump
set lower memory limit tor dUTIP
dump a program image

CLR

LOAD

MOD
XFR
HICORE
LOCORE
DlJt'IP

New Medium Creation
---,- .... .. .... ----'.... ...-..
ZERO
initialize ~ medium
SAVM
save a monitor on a disk
SAVE
save a monitor on a tape
Copy
copy entire mediLl'n

Miscellaneous
-------..........--assign a logical name to a device
ASG
execute an lndirect command file
DO
read a tile to check validity
READ
write logicaL end-ot-tape mark on a tape
EOT
load a device driver
DRIVER
Returning to Monitor
--_ ....... ....... -----_.... _...- ...
BOOT
bootstrap a device
EXIT
return control to the runtime monitor

Printing

-------PRINT
TYPE

print a file on the line printer
type a file on the console terminal

PATCH Commands

-----... - .....'_ ........ _...
BOOT

CLEAR
EXIT
GETM
GEIP
KILL

Boot specified devic~
Clear jnput table
Return to XXDP+ monitor
Load DEC/X11 MAP file
Load saved input table
Delete addresstrom input table

L _ _. _ -

Page 121

SEQ 012'

XXDP+ System User's Manual
Appendices
Enter address in input table
(rreate patched tile
Save input table
Print input table on terminal.

lYK)D

PATCH
SAVP
TYPE

XTECO Non-~dit, Comnands

......----_ ..... -- .. .... _-----_ ....-_......-'

TEXT - create new text file
rECO - m~dify a file on disk
ED! T - modi fy af He
TYPE - type a file on tile .::onsole terminal
PRINT - print a fi le eln the line printer
EXIT - retur'n to monitor

Edit Commands
-XTECO
...,-,--... -...---.... -... ...--~

Pointer location
--~~----~-------

L - move the pointer line by line
C - move the pointer character by character
J - move the pointer to the beginning of text
ZJ - move t~e pointer to the end of text
.~

Search
S - search for specified string 'in text now in memory
N - search for specified string in remainder of text f;l~
Modify/Display Text
-~-~----~---~~-~--~

T - type text
D - delete character(s)
I( - delete line(s)
I - insert text
A - append text to that currently in memery

Terminating Edit Mode

--------------------EX
exit edit mode

F 10

Page 122

SEQ 0122

r-------------

. -.-"-'- -" -' --,,_. .,. ,,--

G 10

I XXOP+ System User's Manual
~.ppend ice s

--.

....... .........
Appendi\( D
-_
.......---- ... -_ ..
-.~

-- ... -- ...- ...... Append i)l E

... ----_ ........ -.-

t ,"ror Message S\.IM\ary

Batcn (ontrol Summary

Pa9~

123

SEQ 0123

Hl0

XXDP+ $ystE:lm User's Manual.

Pag~

Appendices

Append))( F
........ .., ..- ........ -.--

user Tips

DRS Table Building
To save time and

energy,

prebuild

the

hardware

Another way to make XXDP+ work for
control
functions
described in

you

Part

and

software

tables in a diagnostic using the SETuP util ity. Customize the
files tor a speciflC system on the X)([)p· mediun for that SystM
or custanize files for several systems on ~di""" shared between
systems. Remember; you can always change the tables on the fLy
t'y us 1ng the START canmand or permanent lye hange the f Hes by
using SETUP.

use the batch
of this manual.
diagnostics
tor
cl.

Vll

Familiarize yourself with the DRS-type
particular device and identify the various operating modes (as
de-fined by the software tables) that are most useful for you.
Prebui ld thE' hardwa,'e tables for the system" or s),stetfts .. you are
work ing wi tho Then wri te a batch control t He that impltl'ftWnts
the various modes based on conditionals. This allows you to
enter one conmand to XX()P+ and then let tne system do tt..e rest.
A simple example of this type of batch control tHe is fotlows.
for the purposes of this example .. w
will use a fictional
diagnost ic called • t>IAG'''. The normal operator dialoguE>
t hi s d; agnes tic (wi th hardware tables at realiy bull t> is:

.R DIAGl
DR>STA

wlth

.....

CHANGE HW (L) ? N
CHANGE SW (l) ? Y
TES T ALL Sf CTORS (L) .,

Hie batch tile that has been created
call ed • t> 1SK • CCC" and i s lis ted be tow.

for-

this

diagt'lOstic

IF OV THEN
R DIAGl
S rA/PAS; 1
N

END

IF REPAIR THEN

R DIAGl

STA/FLA:tOf

END

124

SEQ 0124

Sy~tem
Appen<2ic~s

XXDP.

I 10
User's Mar"lLlal

(.·f·O
.)

This file defines two test mod~s: QUick. verify and repair. Note
the batch fi le manipulates the software Quest ions and alSO
avoids answering the t,ardware questions since th~ tables W(lre
already created.
The user invokes either of the two MOO(lS with
one of the following conrnands:
~Otll

or.

P.O. 125

C DISK-/OV

( DISK/REPAIR

. .

1""(J

.O·
. i, [ '

J 10

)(XDP. System User's Manual
Appendices
'

................ .......'

Glossary

Append i)( G

This is a glossary of corrrnon terms used in connection with xl(DP+.
3 possibte
effect of the file transfer process
whereby a file from the input mediU'tl "(Iootaces a file of the
same name on the output medhln.
In UPt>2.. Q,)ty transfers
initiated bya FILE cCAnand can result inautodetetion.

autodelete -

boot block - the first ohysical block an a medillY'l (block lero)~
This block contains the XXDP+secondar), bootstrap for the
device ..

bootstrap - ver)' simple code used to load and start fftOre c~t.
code from a mediun such as a disk. The ten1l comes frOlft the
phrase "Picking on.sel f pp by the bootstraP,s".
See also
*primary bootstrap" and · secondary bootstrap '.
bufter - a section ofrnemory reservej for storing
fran a fHe .. as oPPosed to executable code

data.

usually

(onsole terminal - the video or hardcoPY terminal attachea to the
systeA't via the DL interface at bus address 11756().
device

driver

that

software

function

dunp - the process whereby an image of the tontentt; of ~ry
placed on a storage medh.m ..

'il)

whier.

has

th.

the operation of a spec ifie hardware cOMPOnent
in a sY'S tem. An RXOl dri ver.. forel("..,le.. h that sol twa,..
that accempl;sh.s such tasks as selecting a phySical block.
reading a block of information .. etc. on an RXOl dis.k

controll 11"19

device handler - see "del/ice driver"

ed i t - to mod if)'

tel( tin forma t ion ina fit ..

editor - a utility progratWI used to fnOdity tt'l(t fHes

hardware table - data structure where ORS stort-s the
regarding units being ttsted

in'o'",atfon

load - the process wher.by tf''1e ,onteht's of a
prograM ima~ are "laced in ~r'f.

mediLln ,," physical stora,ge suc" as a disk or'
manual.. the term ·_dh".'· is eQuivalent
pass - a unit 01 diagnostiC

pass is defined
aU ac t ive units.

opttration.

A DAS-troe

(SiagnO$t"

to be twecutlono' atl SPtcHi.d t"$t~ 0"

Pag~

126

XXDP+ System USE'r·sManual
Appendices

,w·'''c

patch - a temporary r~dy for a problM in • pr09i_ th.-.t is
~ccomplished by
.lt~rin9
the program ilnage stor'" 00 the
xxOP. rttedillft. S•• ChaPtE'rs ,,_ 12 and 13 for~scrioti(M'\s
of the various methods of al ttr!ng the progrlf'ft il'l.~.
physical block - a group of data consisting of 256 (dec ,,...0
words.
This is tht standard Sizt of data tranSMission to

and from the XXOP+ Mt'dfa.

phYS1(:al to<:ation - an absolute ""\MOt)'
toc at i 01'\") •

reference

"virtuat

(5ft.

primary bootstrap - codt,. usual ty stored ina RCPt.. ~i(h (hlds
the "boot block" (block 0) fr~ .) medtl.lt\ into the first 2S6
(decimal) words ~f I'ftftfnOry and thtf'\tr.f'\sh,rs (Ofltrol to

memory lotat ion 0 ..

program buffer - a section of ~ry used

program iN<Jt"S.

1...ft2

for

secondary bootstrap - code that res ides in tnt boot b~O('
0)

,..d1",,_

Thi.$

primary boot~ttap and in turn
monHor.

load~n9
(bt.o(~,

14); load.d andsta,.t~ by th.
lcads an st.rt$t.... X)(C·p.

softwar. tabll" ... data $true turt- w".,..~ ORS stor.'S infor'Mat ior,
rl"garding QPer.t ional charae t~r 1st it s ofadhtgno$t fe,
sw it t h - a f\ItOd if i er for a c eJ'fti/lnd

systfom medii.Jn ... ttw Mdh", ()fl tn. Mvic(I

frOM

System was bootfd

wh.'~

•• oP*

a cotl4tcti(JO of AS(,fl . f()""tU~d deat •. <Qn"ist"f'II9o f
printing ch.ra<t.rs .. tab$ .. c.rri~ ·'.fur'l"',> ·and fOlNl'fHU'!L

t •• t -

r."(..

virfuel" ()cat ion -a retat lv•. ~r,,,pf ...
.A prot' • . ' ,iIMq«f
that h1i5 been . loaded 1nt U tf'~. pr09r.- ~. f f.rbylPOl us.s
vfrtuat.locations; that is ... :ttr09r_to<:atiOf\ O. is ~t.
physi(al~r, lo<atfonO .. it i$
H,.stoh,'~(.t~r)'
tocal ion in the j)rogr. buf f.r.
'.,.,KXOP. ~Hgr.
..oso 1. ute {oads and in t" i I t "'U~ prott.. (0(. Ii O·:ol 0 lSI f!IQ t
virtu.aL but is actuaU)' ....,ry to(.n'M 0"

t""

-.op. <:A$$.ttt
_ait"" ..
t s tor. ..sue"
... It ...
h.,
~h)'$i("
that

4"lt

·dO.'

d ~ ,it . p.at' '"

~t'f\. fcr •• ttftttJo"

. lIIAG t ~ •
••oP- t"iUh.

t ; ' ~"

l 10

XXDP+ System User's Manual

I\ppendicEs

_............... ,.... ........
~ppend i)( t1
-.-

........................ ...

Component Names

Page 128

SfQ OL?8

.. 10

Page Inde)(-1

A cQ'lYftal"\d (X rECO) .. ... .. .. .. ..
ADO ( ()RS') .. .. .. .. " .. .. .. .. .. ..
ADR t lag (DRS) .............. ..
A.S,G • ,.
<Ill

•

I\ssig\ (~ .............. ..
Autodelete ....... .. .. .. .. .. ..

Sad address .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
Sad block cHvic. .. ... • .. ....
SAK • • • • .. • • • • ,. • ..
Batch control .. .. .. .. . .. • ....
81 C .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
SIN • .. .. .. . ~ ..
Bit map .. .. • .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
r· JE f t~ (DRS) ................
'8:»1 .............
Boot block .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. ....

102

27
34

57
57 to S8
44 to 4$. 126
18
56
10

II. 56 15 .. 41

....

8Q)T cQ'lYftal"\d (PATCH)

........"

Bootstrap.. . .. . .. .. .. .. .. ....
Ebot s t rape arAand .. .. .. •• ....
Bootstrap earAand <UPC)1) ......

C c~ ()(TECO) .. .. .. .. .. ....

eee . . • . . . . • . . . .

It..

Chain c~ ..............
Ch.i~

file

.... .. .. .. .. .. .. ....

Ct\e(lc.s,"", .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Chec j(. Sllft er roo" ............ I t . .
CLEAR carAand. (PATCH) ..
Clear cOftW'llaf"d <uP01) ....
Clear tClllftlnd (lA)2) ........"
II..

••

Clocks .... . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ....
ClR .. • • ..
.. .. .. .. .. .. ....
("'I (batch <: ,'ol>...........
COftW'llaf"d fONna' ,on".,..' ions ....
C~ts (bat('l control)

......

'.. 14

10.. 14
55

33
'
60. 12
56, 60. 13 .. 126
84

41. 121.126
60

10.'5

15 .. 112

18
18

67
1,9

13
49" 61

7
115

e~t nafM'
.. • .. •• .. ... 6
Ccn:tit fONt ••'.cut iQlfl r bite" eontrol

11.J

Consol.cQMllW'IdS (DRS}. .... 19
Cons,ol. te",.inal ............ 61" 1;!6
Console t."""inat driv,,. ...
1t
Con,sole ,.,..1nal •• rvfcf' .... S
ca'T JtU (ORS·) " .. '
2S
Ct::lP':v .. .. • .. .. ..
56
Copy ~QlNnd •
S6
~'rt.t lnsJ , •• t f Ht. w. .. • . . 91
It..

••

•

"Ii

'I.

It"

.....

o cOfMhlnd <.fECOl . . .
DE(/X11
Fite' (PATCH) ,. ••

It.

...

100
.'

, ,

N 10

""9. Ind.lt-2

Of p()

~v'ce

•

...

. .. .. ..

. . ..

CSA address

Oevi(e driv~r • • • •
•
i)!fl'V i c." error
..•••• • •

Of'vice handler

•

... . . . . . .

vlR .... '" "
0 1rectory . . . . . . . . . . . . .
<III

. .

Directory cdMtbnd
O,rectory command (uPD2)* : : :
Directory utility • • •
• •
1)J 5Pt)\y (ORS> • • • • • • • • •
•

•

iii

•

-.:

•

'II

•

;);:;1 C0I'M\(2r,d
••
Dj~ JVER
• • • •
C-'" IVER (~

.. " • •

• • .. • • • ,. •

C(~

Driver

• •

" ......... •
.......

(DRS)

DRS C:~ SUffna r )' • • • • •
DRS CaT¥'l'land switches ......

•

• • • • • • • • •
"

O~S fcmnand~

O~:S CO'J'fTlands (batch control>

ORS c:oncepts

...... .
DRS @)«(l'cution commands .... .. '"

ORS f t~s .. • • • .. • • .. • •

flags s~ry . . . . • • "
ORS s tarot-up .. • • • • .. .. • ..
DRS start-up failure • ~ •••
D~S

{)~ 5

sw i t. Ct\ { c.b i na t i Of'\S • • • •
OA Ssw it c'" sU'MWtr y " • .. •
ORS table building • .. .. .. • "
DlW

.. • . .. •
..... .,. .......... ,.
()lK> c<YIWftand ( uPO 1) .. • " • • •
Olftl ,~nd (lJP02) . . . . . . . .
11/

.•

•

...

•

Ed; t

•

lit

. . . . , . . . . " . . . . . . . . . . ..

EDIT carrnaOd
" •••••
E: dit moc.Mo OCT ECO) • • •
EOlt mode c~ard$ (XTeCO) ••
Ed i tor . . . .. . .
.. . · ·
to

•

EdHting te)(tfHes • . • . "
toable command " • • • •

fnd-ot-tape command
•.•.•
f nd-o f - t ape ma
"
...
fOP switch (DRS) • • • • • • •

,I, .

Ef:'l r .

•

ill

III>

•

Error halt • • • • • • • • . •
Error looping (DRS) • . . .
Error messages (PATCH) . . . . .
Error mes-;ages (UPDl) .

...

8 11

Page Index-3

INDEX

,§rror, messages (UPD2) •••
cVL flaQ (DRS) . . . . . .
EX command (XTE CO)

E'l<IT

••••••

103

••••

1'\0

. . . . . .

EXIT cQrT,mand (PATCH)

•••••

EX IT cormtand (XrE CO)

• • •

t:x; t cormand (UPD2) • • . • . •

60
84
60
106

L, 5
FILE . . . · · ·
·
·
·
FILE cCtrlTland
· · · · · · · 45

·
· · ·· ·· · · ·
··
· ··
· ·
···

File conventions
F'ile delete
FHe extension
· · · ·
File name . ·
·
·
File rename
· · · ·
·
Fite transfer
·
Fill character · ·
Fill cOl'M'land
Fill count
fLAGS (DRS) . · ·
FL.AGS switch (DRS)
·
Free blocks ·
··
0

8 to 9
44
9, 14 to 15
9

44
17
16
17
28
30
44

· ·· ··
·
···
··
78
GETM cOIM\and (PATCH) · . .
82
':;fTP coomand (PATCH)
GOTO

114

(batch cont rot)

Hal t-on-error (DRS)
Hardware table • • • .
Help command
• • • • .

HELP. TXT
HI CORE

..•.•..•.

•• • • .. . • • .. .

High core corrmand (UPD1) • . .
High core ccmnal1d (UPD2) • • .
H~ flag (DRS)
~
•••
HiJDl??

••••••••

I ::onrnand (XTECO)
IBE flag (DRS)
LOR flag (DRS)

••••

33
57, 121
. . 4.3,
18

. . 96

J convnand (XH:CO:

100

K COIMldnd (XTECO; •

•••

. . . . . . ••
• • • ••
. •••••

L command (XTECO) ••

17
17
52 to 53, 69 to 70
69

33
. . . 34

IXE flag (DRS)

KW-11l
KW-11P

20, 23, 25, 27, 90, 126

101

...

IER fla~ (DRS) • • •
Indirect comnand tile
Invalid filenamf' ....
ISR flag (DRS) ••

KILL command (PA1CH)

13
13

. . . . . 94

C 11
Page Index-4

INDEX

LIB . . . . . . . . . . '...

It!

. .

Line printer . . . . . . . . . .
LIST command (SETUP) • • .
L014D

•• • • • ••

Load

• • • • • • • • • • ,. • •

• •

10
16_ 44
91
50 .. 68
49. 126

LOdd command ... . .
. • .
LOdd command (UPD1) .......
lO'3d command (UPD2) . . • •

15
68

LOCORE

52 to 53. 70
33

load device . • . .

.......

• • • ..

lOE flag (DRS) . . . . . . . . ..
Logical end-of-tape . . • .
Logical unit nunber ••• ,.
loop-on-err0r (DRS> . . . . . .
LO! flag (D~S) . . . . . . . .
Low core command (UPDn • • • ..
Low core conwnand (UPD2) • •

Manual

~ntervention

MedillT\

SOl>
13
59

57 to 58

(batch control)

• • • .. .. • • • • •

Memory management .
.. • .. .

•.

MOO • • • • • .. ••

.....

Memory S 1· ze

MOO command (PATCH) • .. • • ....
Modify cctrrnand (UPDn .. • • ....
Modi fy carmand (UPD2) .'. •
Moni tor .. • • • • .. . . .. • ••

115

126
19
1(,')
51" 68

5" 11

Monitor command summary.. • .... 119
Meni tor commands (batch controU112
N comnand (XTECO) • . • •
Non-standard (SA address

·· .. ... 98
107

Operating system

OOJ .. . • • • .. •

·.. 5

Pass

• .. ..

Norewind

• • . • • • .. •

.........

44 to 46, 48, 58, 61

. . ..

Pass (DRS) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PASS SWITCH (DRS) ...
• ...
Patch . • . • . • • .
. • •
PATCH comnand (PATCH) ... ..
PATCH comm~nd summary ........ .
Physical block ....
• .... ..
Physical location
... .
Plf' " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PIP COf'M'aod . • .
. . .
PNT flag (DRS) ......... .
PRI flag (DRS) ...
. .... .
........ .
Primary bootstrap

PR'INT • • • ,. .. • ., • • • • • •

10
126

20, 23 to 25" 30
30
5, 49, 127

121
13 4 60, 73, 127

121

45
45

3.~

127

61
114

PRINT (batch control> ..
Print command (UPD~) . . . . . . . 61
PRINT command (XTECO) . • . . • 106

seQ 01 '52

o 11

Page Index-5

INDEX

PROCEED (DRS) .

;'.5
49, 56, 67, 127

aBUS

13
114

Program buffer

• • • • • • • • •

QUIET (batch controL) • • .
QUIT (batch controL) •••
Random access device
REA.D

. . 115

•.•

• . • • .. • • • • • •

Read command • • • . • •
P'?ad-onLy device driver ......
Kead/write device driver • . •
.

REN .. . .. . • ..

REmame ccmnand
RESTART (DRS) •

Restart address
Run cOI'M'Iand . •
Runtime services

...

. . . . . ,. .

58
58
11

5, 16, 42 to 43, 59, 66,
121
48
48
24
12, 42
14 .. 112
5. 41

S conmand (XTECO) . . . . . .
S~nple fiLe modification
•.•
SampLe XTE COedi t • . .
SAVE • • • • • • • • •
Save comnands • . . . •
SAVM ., .. • • • .. • •

..•

115
20, 24 to 25, 90, 127
23

• . • .

Supervisor compatible . . • • •
Switch • . ••
• •.••.
SYS • "" • • • • • • • • • •
•

•

T corrwnand (XTECO) • • • • •

55, 109

START (DRS) • • • • • • • •
S tar t corrrnand • • • .

TEeO . • . • . . .
TEeo ccmnand
• •

103
55, 109

82
11,13,56,127

SE TlJP .0 . .. . . . . . . . .
SETUP carmand (SETUP) •
SMl (batch control) •

System device . • • . .
Sys tem medi lin • • • • •

97
53, 71

55
55, 109

SAVP carmand (PATCH)
Secondary bootstrap .•
SequentiaL access device
Software table

55, 109

. .
•

•

15
5

127
10

5, 17, 42
127

92
92

Terminal convent ions
• . • 8
20, 23 to 25, 29
••••••••
TESTS switch (DRS) • • • • • • 29
127
Text • • • • • • . • • • •
92
TEXT command • • • . • • •
Transfer address ••• • • • . 14 to 15, 49, 51, 69
Transfer address convnand (UPDn 69
Transfer address command (UPD2) 51
Trap catcher •• • • • . . . • 23 to 25
TXT • • • • • • • . • • • • ., • 10

Test (DRS)

SEQ 0133

Page Index-6

INDtX
TYPE . . . . • . . .
TYPE command (PATCH)
Type command (UPD2) •
TYPE command (XTECO)

...

81
61

106

UAM flag (DRS) . . . • . .
Unexpected interrupts • . . • •

34
23

VaLid text characters
Virtual location .•

49, 51, 67 to 68, 127

UNIBUS • • • • • ••
•• • 13
31
UNITS switch (DRS) . . . .
20
Units-under-test (DRS) . .
UPDl command summary
• • • 120
U?D2 corrrnand summary • . • . • 121
Utility commands (batch control) 112
5
Utility program • . . • • •
26
to 27, 31
LUT '. • • " • • • • •
20, 25
WT (DRS) . . . . . . . .
92

115
9, 14, 44, 46 to 48, 50, 53,
58, 68, 71

WAIT (batch control>
Wildcard character

51, 53, 69 to 70

XFR • . • • . . . •

XOFF

..• _ ••.

XON • • • • • • • • • • •

XTECO edit command summary .•
XTECO non-edit command summary
XXDP+ medium • . • • . • .
ZERO • • • • . • .
Zero command
IflAGS (DRS) . .
Z,J coovnand (XTECO)

122

126
55
55
28
97

[END OF MANUAL]

SEQ 0134