KDF11-BA CPU Module User's Guide

This "KDF11-BA CPU Module User's Guide" provides comprehensive information on the Digital Equipment Corporation KDF11-BA (M8189), a quad-height PDP-11 Central Processor Unit (CPU) module.

The document covers:

1. Specifications and Features: Details the KDF11-BA's role as a PDP-11 CPU, including its Memory Management Unit (MMU), line frequency clock, bootstrap and diagnostic ROM, and two serial-line units. It highlights support for optional Floating-Point (KEF11-AA) and Commercial Instruction Set (KEF11-BB) options. The module supports memory addressing up to 4 megabytes (22-bit addressing) on an extended LSI-11 bus and is software-compatible with the broader PDP-11 family.

2. Installation and Configuration: Provides detailed guidance on setting up the KDF11-BA, including various jumper and DIP switch configurations for power-up modes, baud rates for serial-line units, device selection, and diagnostic programs. It also outlines compatible backplanes, enclosures, and memory modules.

3. Console On-Line Debugging Technique (ODT): Explains how to use the microcode-based ODT for debugging and direct interaction with the CPU, including its command set, addressing capabilities (18-bit), and entry conditions.

4. Extended LSI-11 Bus: Describes the technical aspects of the LSI-11 bus, including its signal nomenclature, data transfer bus cycles (DATI, DATO, DATIO), Direct Memory Access (DMA) protocols, interrupt handling (4-level vectored interrupts), and electrical characteristics.

5. Functional Description: Delves into the internal architecture of the KDF11-BA, detailing the roles of its data chip, control chip, MMU chip, base timing logic, MIB (Microinstruction Bus) decode logic, bus control logic, and serial-line units.

6. Instruction Set and Addressing Modes: Presents a complete overview of the KDF11-BA's instruction set (over 400 instructions), covering single- and double-operand instructions, program control, and specialized Floating-Point and Commercial instructions. It thoroughly explains the various addressing modes and their application in programming.

7. Memory Management: Explains the MMU's function in providing a 2 megaword physical address space, virtual-to-physical address translation, Kernel and User operating modes, and memory protection mechanisms. It details the active page registers (PAR/PDR) and status registers (SR0-SR3).

8. Programming Techniques: Discusses advanced programming concepts applicable to the KDF11-BA, such as Position-Independent Code (PIC), efficient use of stacks for data handling and subroutine linkage, reentrancy, coroutines, recursion, and processor traps.

9. Bootstrap and Diagnostic Logic: Details the on-board ROMs that contain diagnostic programs and bootstrap loaders, and how these are utilized, including error indications via LED displays and error halts.

10. Serial-Line Units and Line Frequency Clock: Provides specific information on the functionality, configuration, and registers of the two serial-line units and the line frequency clock.

Appendices offer general reference information, comparisons with other LSI-11 processors, instruction timing data, and detailed bus signal descriptions. The guide is intended to help users configure, install, operate, and troubleshoot the KDF11-BA CPU module in a computer system.