The Batch

This document serves as a comprehensive guide for users of the PDP-11 Batch operating system, detailing the preparation, execution, and management of batch jobs. It introduces the Batch Command Language (BCL), which includes a variety of commands for defining jobs, compiling and linking source code, executing programs, and handling data.

Key aspects covered include:

• Job Preparation and Execution: Users prepare jobs by embedding BCL statements within their input stream. The system's Monitor interprets these statements to control job flow, enabling compilation (e.g., using $FORTRN), linking ($LINK), and execution ($RUN or $EXECUTE). The $EXECUTE command offers a concise way to perform all three steps automatically, while $RUN provides more granular control with command strings.
• Input/Output Handling: The guide explains how Batch interacts with various peripheral devices, including the use of "pseudo-devices" like BI (Batch Input) and SY (System Device) for device-independent job setup. It describes two input modes: Normal mode for formatted data and OWN mode for unformatted data, which treats control characters as pure data. Batch output includes program listings, load maps, and detailed job logs.
• Batch Command Language (BCL): A significant portion of the document is dedicated to detailing individual BCL commands, such as $JOB for defining job parameters (name, user ID, time limit, log dataset), $ASSIGN for logical device assignments, $DUMP for memory dumps (especially on error via the /DU switch), $FINISH for job termination, and $WAIT for operator interaction. Commands are categorized as synchronous or asynchronous based on their execution timing.
• Operator-System Communication: Mechanisms for operators to monitor job progress, send messages ($ME), and intervene (e.g., abort a job with CTRL/C and .KI) are outlined.
• Batch Programming Conventions: It also provides guidelines for programmers, including the organization of Batch input into specific pseudo-datasets (BOS, CMI, PCI, CDI) based on initial character, and details on error handling routines using EMT (Executive Macro Table) instructions.
• Card Input: The document specifies how card input is handled, including different punch codes (ASCII, BCD, EBCDIC) and the use of header cards to specify card formats and manage blank suppression.

Overall, the guide aims to equip users with the necessary knowledge to effectively operate and troubleshoot jobs within the PDP-11 Batch environment.