ULTRIX/SQL Reference Manual

This document is the ULTRIX/SQL Reference Manual (Order Number: AA-PBZ6A-TE, June 1990, Version 1.0), developed by Digital Equipment Corporation. It serves as the primary technical reference for the ULTRIX/SQL relational database system and its query language, built upon Release 6.2 of INGRES. It is intended for users with a basic understanding of SQL and relational database systems, as well as ULTRIX/SQL System Administrators, and is not designed as a tutorial.

The manual covers a comprehensive range of topics essential for working with ULTRIX/SQL:

• ULTRIX/SQL Syntax: Describes the fundamental elements of the query language, including data types (character, numeric, date, money), constants, structured data (tables, columns, rows, groups), expressions (arithmetic, scalar, set functions), and various search conditions (predicates).
• Data Manipulation Statements: Provides detailed syntax and descriptions for core SQL commands such as SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, and INSERT.
• Relational Concepts: Explains how relational operators like projection, restriction, Cartesian product, and join are expressed in SQL, along with discussions on null values and transaction management (COMMIT, ROLLBACK).
• Database Procedures: Covers the creation, execution, and dropping of database procedures, including error and message handling within them.
• Multi-File System Databases: Details how to manage databases spread across multiple file systems using location names and areas.
• Interactive Interfaces: Describes both the Terminal Monitor command-line interface (sql) and the forms-based interface (isql), including commands, messages, and screen operations.
• Operating System Commands: Documents various ULTRIX/SQL utilities used for database administration and maintenance, such as accessdb, auditdb, copydb, createdb, destroydb, finddbs, optimizedb, rollforwarddb, statdump, sysmod, and unloaddb.
• Customization and Compliance: Includes appendices on key words, ULTRIX/SQL's compliance with ANSI Standard SQL and X/Open SQL (and compatibility with VAX Rdb/VMS SQL), terminal definition and customization (including termcap descriptions and key mapping), and the ULTRIX/SQL Standard Catalog Interface.